The Company measures financial instruments based on quoted prices in active markets (Level 1), inputs from similar instruments such as quoted prices or other observable market data (Level 2) or where little or no market activity exists, using unobservable inputs that require judgment or estimation (Level 3).

The Company holds certain debt securities that are classified as held-to-maturity at the time of purchase as the Company has both the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity. The fair value of corporate bonds are based upon Level 2 inputs, which include period-end mid-market quotations for each underlying contract as calculated by the financial institution with which the Company has transacted. The quotations are based on bid/ask quotations and represent the discounted future settlement amounts based on current market rates.

The Company also holds debt securities in the form of convertible notes in private companies classified as available-for-sale for which the Company has elected to apply the fair value option. The investments are carried at fair value at each balance sheet date and any movements in the fair values are classified as "Other income, net" in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.



	December 31, 2025
	Carrying Value
	Cash Equivalents	Marketable Securities	Long-term Investments	Equity and Other Investments	Fair Value

	(in US $ millions)
Level 1:
U.S. term deposits	—	520	—	—	531
U.S. federal bonds and agency securities	1	1,923	527	—	2,453



	1	2,443	527	—	2,984

Level 2:
Corporate bonds and commercial paper	—	1,790	448	—	2,240



Level 3:
Convertible notes in private companies	—	—	—	558	558
	1	4,233	975	558	5,782

The fair values of marketable securities above include accrued interest of $39 million, which is excluded from the carrying amounts. The accrued interest is included in "Trade and other receivables, net" in the consolidated balance sheets. Additional accrued interest of $105 million recognized on the convertible notes in private companies is included in the carrying amount and fair value above.



	December 31, 2024
	Carrying Value
	Cash Equivalents	Marketable Securities	Long-term Investments	Equity and Other Investments	Fair Value

	(in US $ millions)
Level 1:
U.S. term deposits	—	470	—	—	481
U.S. federal bonds and agency securities	20	1,696	537	—	2,252
Corporate bonds and commercial paper	139	—	—	—	139

	159	2,166	537	—	2,872

Level 2:
Corporate bonds and commercial paper	—	1,815	172	—	1,988



Level 3:
Convertible notes in private companies	—	—	—	543	543
	159	3,981	709	543	5,403

The fair values above include accrued interest of $19 million, which is excluded from the carrying amounts. The accrued interest is included in "Trade and other receivables, net" in the consolidated balance sheets. Additional accrued interest of $62 million recognized on the convertible notes in private companies is included in the carrying amount and fair value above.



	December 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
	Level 1	Level 3	Total	Level 1	Level 3	Total

	(in US $ millions)
Affirm Holdings, Inc.	1,511	—	1,511	1,236	—	1,236
Global-E Online Ltd.	868	—	868	1,205	—	1,205
Klaviyo, Inc.(1)	529	70	599	615	127	742
Other	8	—	8	—	—	—
	2,916	70	2,986	3,056	127	3,183

(1) In the year ended December 31, 2025, $42 million was transferred from Level 3 to Level 1, respectively, due to the vesting of warrants (December 31, 2024 - $37 million). The equity investments categorized as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy represent unvested warrants that require the application of a discount for lack of marketability which was 11% at December 31, 2025 (December 31, 2024 - 18%).



	December 31, 2025	December 31, 2024

	(in US $ millions)
Balance, beginning of the year	3,183	2,360

Adjustments related to equity and other investments with readily determinable fair values:
Investments received as part of sale of equity and other investments	8	—



Net unrealized (losses) gains	(205)	823


Balance, end of the year	2,986	3,183


	December 31, 2025	December 31, 2024

	(in US $ millions)
Total initial value	1,068	957
Cumulative gross unrealized gains	310	144
Cumulative gross unrealized losses and impairment	(415)	(384)
Total carrying value of equity and other investments without readily determinable fair values	963	717



	December 31, 2025	December 31, 2024

	(in US $ millions)
Balance, beginning of the year	717	505





Adjustments related to equity and other investments without readily determinable fair values:
Purchases of equity and other investments	99	137

Gross unrealized gains(1)	171	89

Gross unrealized losses and impairments(2)	(38)	(14)
Sales of equity and other investments(3)	(33)	—
Transfers from measurement alternative(4)	47	—


Balance, end of the year	963	717

(1) During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company identified an observable price change resulting in the remeasurement of a private investment at fair value on a non-recurring basis. The resulting unrealized gains of $163 million (December 31, 2024 - $78 million) were presented as "Net unrealized (loss) gain on equity and other investments" in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

(2) During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company identified an observable price change resulting in the remeasurement of private investments at fair value on a non-recurring basis. The resulting unrealized losses were presented as "Net unrealized (loss) gain on equity and other investments" in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

(3) During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company held private investments which were acquired, resulting in the deemed sale of equity and other investments. The resulting realized gains or losses were presented as “Net realized gain (loss) on equity and other investments” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

(4) During the year ended December 31, 2025, convertible notes in private companies with a fair value of $45 million and accrued interest of $2 million were converted and transferred from debt securities to equity investments without readily determinable fair values.

As of December 31, 2025, included in the total $963 million of equity and other investments without readily determinable fair values, $800 million was remeasured at fair value and was classified within Level 3 of the fair value measurement hierarchy on a non-recurring basis.

The Company holds an equity method investment in Flexport of $602 million which is presented within "Equity method investment" in the consolidated balance sheets and is carried at the amount of Shopify’s original investment, as adjusted each period for Shopify’s share of the investee’s income or loss and the basis difference amortization, which is the difference between the fair value of our investment in the company and the underlying equity in the net assets of the investee (December 31, 2024 - $642 million). Results are reported with a one-quarter delay due to the timing of financial information availability from the investee. For the year ended December 31, 2025, our share of the loss in the investee was $40 million

As of December 31, 2025, the Company held foreign exchange forward contracts and options for USD, GBP, AUD, EUR and CAD with a total notional value of $702 million (December 31, 2024 - $454 million), to fund a portion of its operations. The fair value of foreign exchange forward contracts and options was based upon Level 2 inputs, which included year-end mid-market quotations for each underlying contract as calculated by the financial institution with which the Company has transacted. The quotations are based on bid/ask quotations and represent the discounted future settlement amounts based on current market rates.

The Company has a hedging program to mitigate the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on future cash flows and earnings. Under this program, the Company has entered into foreign exchange forward contracts and options with certain financial institutions and designated those hedges as cash flow hedges. The Company is hedging cash flows associated with payroll costs.


	December 31, 2025	December 31, 2024

	(in US $ millions)
Level 2:
Foreign exchange forward contracts and options assets (classified in other current assets)	4	—
Foreign exchange forward contract liabilities (classified in accounts payable and accrued liabilities)	1	13

These unrealized gains and losses were included in "Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)", "Other current assets" and "Accounts payable and accrued liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets. These amounts are expected to be reclassified into earnings over the next twelve months.

The Company holds an investment option to purchase 15,743,174 of Series B common shares of Klaviyo, Inc. at an exercise price of $88.93 with an expiration date of July 28, 2030. The options are fair valued quarterly under Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as certain unobservable inputs are used within the Black-Scholes model as well as a discount for lack of marketability. The fair value of the options as of December 31, 2025, utilizing a discount for lack of marketability of 21%, was $75 million (December 31, 2024 - 29% and $204 million) and is presented within "Equity and other investments" in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company recognized an unrealized loss of $129 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 (December 31, 2024 - unrealized gain of $82 million) and is presented as a component of "Net unrealized (loss) gain on equity and other investments" in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.