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INCOME TAXES
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
INCOME TAXES  
INCOME TAXES

NOTE 11 — INCOME TAXES

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) was enacted in the United States on July 4, 2025. Many of the tax provisions within the OBBBA are designed to accelerate tax deductions and could lead to lower tax payments. The OBBBA has multiple effective dates, with certain provisions effective in 2025 and others implemented through 2027.

 

During the third quarter of 2025, the Company recognized tax expense of approximately $8,800 related to the cumulative impact of the OBBBA provisions to date. This tax expense primarily relates to restoration of immediate expensing for current and previously capitalized domestic research and development expenditures and the reinstatement of 100% bonus depreciation on qualified property both of which impact international tax provisions regarding foreign-derived intangible income. While the ultimate impact the OBBBA will have on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows remains to be determined, the Company expects to realize lower tax payments in the current year.

The Company recognized $118,278 of tax expense on pre-tax income of $502,789, resulting in an effective income tax rate of 23.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The effective income tax rate was 23.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The effective tax rate was lower for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared with the same period in 2024, primarily due to the mix of earnings and timing of discrete tax items partially offset by the impact of the OBBBA as discussed above.