Taxation (Tables)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Taxation [Abstract] |
|
Schedule of Current and Deferred Portion of Income Tax Expense |
The following table sets forth current and deferred portion of income tax expense of the Group:
|
|
For the years ended December 31,
|
|
|
2024
|
|
2023
|
|
2022
|
Current income tax expense
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
$
|
—
|
Deferred income tax expense
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
Total income tax expense
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Schedule of Loss Before Provision for Income Tax |
Loss before provision for income tax were attributable to the following geographic locations:
|
|
For the years ended December 31,
|
|
|
2024
|
|
2023
|
|
2022
|
Mainland China
|
|
$
|
38,651 |
|
$
|
84,911 |
|
$
|
20,545 |
Dubai
|
|
|
33,370 |
|
|
77,134 |
|
|
18,222 |
United States
|
|
|
100,705 |
|
|
104,650 |
|
|
9,476 |
Total loss before income tax expenses
|
|
$
|
172,726 |
|
$
|
266,695 |
|
$
|
48,243 |
|
Schedule of Reconciliation Statutory Income Tax Rate |
The following table sets forth reconciliation between the statutory income tax rate and the effective tax rates:
|
|
For the years ended December 31,
|
|
|
2024
|
|
2023
|
|
2022
|
Statutory income tax rate in PRC
|
|
25.0 |
%
|
|
25.0 |
%
|
|
25.0 |
%
|
Tax effect of non-deductible items
|
|
—
|
|
|
(0.1 |
)%
|
|
(0.7 |
)%
|
Tax effect of undeclared expenses(i)
|
|
(5.2 |
)%
|
|
(2.9 |
)%
|
|
(4.7 |
)%
|
Tax effect of impairment loss
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1.5 |
)%
|
Tax effect of fair value changes
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(0.1 |
)%
|
Tax effect of share-based compensation
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1.7 |
)%
|
Tax effect of income tax rate differences in jurisdictions other than the PRC
|
|
(2.7 |
)%
|
|
(4.4 |
)%
|
|
(6.1 |
)%
|
Tax effect of net operating loss not applicable to carryforwards
|
|
7.5 |
%
|
|
(6.1 |
)%
|
|
(5.8 |
)%
|
Change in valuation allowance
|
|
(24.6 |
)%
|
|
(11.5 |
)%
|
|
(4.4 |
)%
|
Effective tax rate
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets |
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the significant components of the deferred tax assets were summarized below:
|
|
As of December 31,
|
|
|
2024
|
|
2023
|
Deferred tax assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating loss carried forward
|
|
$
|
36,748 |
|
|
$
|
21,283 |
|
State net operating loss carried forwards for US entity
|
|
|
586 |
|
|
|
638 |
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
468 |
|
|
|
268 |
|
Allowance for expected credit loss
|
|
|
37,649 |
|
|
|
21,352 |
|
Impairment on investments
|
|
|
3,980 |
|
|
|
—
|
|
Inventory write-down
|
|
|
4,249 |
|
|
|
4,027 |
|
Lawsuit provision
|
|
|
5,509 |
|
|
|
—
|
|
Property and equipment
|
|
|
788 |
|
|
|
795 |
|
Total deferred tax assets
|
|
|
89,977 |
|
|
|
48,363 |
|
Less: valuation allowance
|
|
|
(89,977 |
)
|
|
|
(48,363 |
)
|
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
Schedule of Rollforward of Valuation Allowance |
Rollforward of valuation allowance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2023
|
|
$
|
48,363 |
|
|
18,556 |
|
Allowance made during the year
|
|
|
42,532 |
|
|
30,319 |
|
Effect of exchange rate differences
|
|
|
(918 |
)
|
|
(512 |
)
|
Balance as of December 31, 2024
|
|
$
|
89,977 |
|
|
48,363 |
|
|
Schedule of Operating Loss Carry Forward |
As of December 31, 2023, the net operating loss carry forward from Mainland China will expire, if unused, as follows:
|
|
Net operating loss carry forward due by schedule
|
|
|
2025
|
|
2026
|
|
2027
|
|
2028
|
|
2029
|
|
Total
|
Net operating loss carry forward
|
|
2,249 |
|
2,544 |
|
26,708 |
|
34,369 |
|
73,612 |
|
139,482 |
|