Exhibit 99.2

 

American Bitcoin Corp.

Condensed and Combined Balance Sheets

(in USD thousands, except share and per share data)

 

   Unaudited Condensed   Audited Condensed Combined 
   June 30,   December 31, 
   2025   2024 
Assets        
Current assets        
Cash  $205,925   $- 
Deposits and prepaid expenses   -    42,650 
Derivative asset   -    18,076 
Digital assets – pledged for miner purchase, current portion   -    92,389 
Total current assets   205,925    153,115 
           
Non-current assets          
Digital assets – held in custody   43,322    525,236 
Digital assets – pledged as collateral, less current portion   -    331,876 
Property and equipment, net   116,423    43,089 
Operating lease right-of-use-asset   46,475    - 
Goodwill   -    53,082 
Total non-current assets   206,220    953,283 
Total assets  $412,145   $1,106,398 
           
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity          
Current liabilities          
Accounts payable and accrued expenses  $-   $31,012 
Due to Parent   16,774    - 
Derivative liability   -    18,437 
Income tax payable   -    889 
Operating lease liability, current portion   10,923    - 
Total current liabilities   27,697    50,338 
           
Non-current liabilities          
Deferred tax liabilities   6,317    40,993 
Operating lease liability, less current portion   38,406    - 
Total non-current liabilities   44,723    40,993 
Total liabilities  $72,420   $91,331 
           
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)          
           
Stockholders’ equity          
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 1,100,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2025; 11,002,954 shares of Class A common stock and 50,500,000 shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2025   6    - 
Additional paid-in capital   336,288    - 
Retained earnings   3,431    - 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss   -    (48,347)
Former net Parent investment   -    1,063,414 
Total stockholders’ equity   339,725    1,015,067 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity  $412,145   $1,106,398 

 

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed and Combined Financial Statements.

 

1

 

 

American Bitcoin Corp.

Condensed and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(in USD thousands, except share and per share data)

 

   Three Months Ended   Six Months Ended 
   June 30,   June 30, 
   2025   2024   2025   2024 
Revenue  $30,285   $13,913   $42,623   $44,270 
                     
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown below)   15,337    11,638    26,988    28,448 
                     
Operating expenses (income):                    
Depreciation and amortization   9,951    6,353    16,375    13,478 
General and administrative expenses   3,642    7,023    18,010    18,829 
Loss on sale of property and equipment   -    -    2,454    - 
(Gains) losses on digital assets   (3,037)   71,842    109,357    (202,698)
Total operating expenses (income)   10,556    85,218    146,196    (170,391)
Operating income (loss)   4,392    (82,943)   (130,561)   186,213 
                     
Other income (expense):                    
Interest expense   -    (2,565)   -    (3,861)
Gain on derivatives   -    17,219    20,862    17,219 
Total other income   -    14,654    20,862    13,358 
                     
Net income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes   4,392    (68,289)   (109,699)   199,571 
                     
Income tax (provision) benefit   (961)   8,490    12,507    (25,406)
Net income (loss) from continuing operations   3,431    (59,799)   (97,192)   174,165 
                     
Loss from discontinued operations (net of income tax benefit of nil, nil, nil and $1.6 million, respectively)   -    (1,262)   -    (4,816)
                     
Net income (loss)  $3,431   $(61,061)  $(97,192)  $169,349 
                     
Other comprehensive (loss) income:                    
Foreign currency translation adjustments   -    (8,204)   4,467    (23,341)
Total comprehensive income (loss)  $3,431   $(69,265)  $(92,725)  $146,008 

 

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed and Combined Financial Statements.

 

2

 

 

American Bitcoin Corp.

Condensed and Combined Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(in USD thousands, except share and per share data)

 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024

 

           Additional   Retained Earnings   Accumulated Other       Total 
   Common Stock   Paid-in   (Accumulated   Comprehensive   Former Parent   Stockholders’ 
   Shares   Amount   Capital   Deficit)   Income (Loss)   Net Investment   Equity 
Balance, December 31, 2023        -   $                -   $      -          -   $10,997   $462,787   $473,784 
Net income   -    -    -    -    -    230,410    230,410 
Net transfers from Parent   -    -    -    -    -    7,735    7,735 
Foreign currency translation adjustments   -    -    -    -    (15,137)   -    (15,137)
Balance, March 31, 2024   -   $-   $-   $-   $(4,140)  $700,932   $696,792 
Net loss   -    -    -    -         (61,061)   (61,061)
Net transfers from Parent   -    -    -    -    -    (13,236)   (13,236)
Foreign currency translation adjustments   -    -    -    -    (8,204)   -    (8,204)
Balance, June 30 2024   -   $-   $-   $-   $(12,345)  $626,635   $614,290 
                                    
Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
 
Balance, December 31, 2024   -   $-   $-   $-   $(48,347)  $1,063,414   $1,015,067 
Net loss(a)   -    -    -    -    -    (100,623)   (100,623)
Net transfers from Parent   -    -    -    -    -    (798,687)   (798,687)
Foreign currency translation adjustments   -    -    -    -    4,467    -    4,467 
Disposition of cumulative translation adjustment   -    -    -    -    43,880    (48,347)   (4,467)
Issuance of shares at separation   50,500,000    5    115,752    -    -    (115,757)   - 
Balance, March 31, 2025   50,500,000   $5   $115,752   $-   $-   $-   $115,757 
Net income   -    -    -    3,431    -    -    3,431 
Contribution from Parent   -    -    5,262    -    -    -    5,262 
Issuance of shares   11,002,954    1    215,274    -    -    -    215,275 
Balance, June 30, 2025   61,502,954   $6   $336,288   $3,431   $-   $-   $339,725 

 

(a)Net loss from January 1, 2025 through March 31, 2025 is attributed to Parent as it was the sole shareholder prior to March 31, 2025.

 

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed and Combined Financial Statements.

 

3

 

 

American Bitcoin Corp.

Condensed and Combined Statements of Cash Flows

(in USD thousands)

 

   Unaudited Condensed   Unaudited Condensed Combined 
   Six Months Ended   Six Months Ended 
   June 30,   June 30, 
   2025   2024 
Operating activities        
Net (loss) income  $(97,192)  $169,349 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:          
Depreciation and amortization   16,375    13,478 
Non-cash lease expense   140    - 
Stock-based compensation   2,145    5,092 
Bitcoin mining revenue   (42,623)   (44,270)
Losses (gains) on digital assets   109,357    (202,698)
Deferred tax assets and liabilities   (18,928)   25,662 
Gain on derivatives   (20,862)   - 
Loss on sale of property and equipment   2,454    - 
Amortization of debt discount   -    2,403 
Loss on discontinued operations   -    4,816 
Changes in assets and liabilities:          
Due to Parent   19,488    - 
Deposits and prepaid expenses   -    4,845 
Income taxes payable - current   (889)   (18)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses   (13,468)   (7,251)
Net cash used in operating activities   (44,003)   (28,592)
           
Investing activities          
Proceeds from sale of digital assets   3,429    51,318 
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment   2,563    - 
Purchases of property and equipment   -    (2,345)
Net cash provided by investing activities   5,992    48,973 
           
Financing activities          
Repayment from loans payable   -    (9,788)
Legal contribution of mining operations to ABTC   955,246    - 
Distribution to Parent   (115,752)   - 
Proceeds from issuance of shares, net of fees   205,274    - 
Net Parent investment   (800,832)   (10,593)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities   243,936    (20,381)
           
Net increase in cash   205,925    - 
Cash, beginning of period   -    - 
Cash and restricted cash, end of period  $205,925   $- 

 

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed and Combined Financial Statements.

 

4

 

 

Note 1. Description of business, the transactions and basis of presentation

 

Description of business

 

American Bitcoin Corp. (“ABTC”), formerly known as American Data Centers Inc., is a Bitcoin mining company that was incorporated in the state of Delaware in November 2024. On March 31, 2025, through the Transactions (as defined below), ABTC became a majority-owned subsidiary of Hut 8 Corp. (including its consolidated subsidiaries, “Parent”). ABTC did not historically operate as a standalone company. Unless otherwise indicated, ABTC’s results of operations prior to April 1, 2025, reflected herein refer to Parent’s Bitcoin mining operations, represented by the “Bitcoin mining” sub-segment of Parent’s “Compute” segment. See “Basis of presentation” below. The business of ABTC is (i) the operation of application-specific integrated circuit (“ASIC”) miners for the purpose of mining Bitcoin and (ii) the strategic accumulation of a Bitcoin reserve.

 

The Transactions

 

Transaction with American Data Centers Inc.

 

On March 31, 2025, Parent, American Data Centers Inc. (“ADC”), and the stockholders of ADC entered into a Contribution and Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”), pursuant to which Parent contributed to ADC substantially all of Parent’s wholly-owned ASIC miners, representing the business of ABTC, in exchange for newly issued Class B Common Stock of ADC, representing 80% of the total and combined voting power and 80% of the issued and outstanding equity interests of ADC after giving effect to the issuance (the “Transactions”). In connection with the Transactions, ADC was renamed American Bitcoin Corp. and became a majority-owned subsidiary of Parent. The Transactions did not meet the business combination criteria under FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations. The net book value of the assets contributed by ABTC was $121.1 million. Parent recorded a non-cash asset contribution expense of $22.8 million related to the non-controlling interest portion of the ASIC miners that were contributed. Parent incurred $1.6 million in transaction costs related to the Transactions.

 

The Transactions were effectuated as follows:

 

On March 14, 2025, Parent created American Bitcoin Holdings LLC (“ABH”), a wholly-owned subsidiary, and on March 30, 2025, transferred substantially all of Parent’s wholly-owned ASIC miners to ABH as a transfer under common control. On March 31, 2025, under the Agreement, ABH acquired shares of Class B Common Stock of ADC representing 80% of the total and combined voting power and 80% of the issued and outstanding equity interests of ADC in exchange for ABH’s ASIC miners, representing the business of ABTC. In connection with the Transactions, ADC was renamed American Bitcoin Corp.

 

In connection with the Transactions, Parent and ABTC entered into a Master Services Agreement and a Master Colocation Services Agreement providing for Parent and its personnel to perform day-to-day commercial and operational management services and ASIC colocation services to ABTC, respectively, in each case on an exclusive basis for so long as such agreements remain in effect. Parent and ABTC also entered into a Shared Services Agreement, pursuant to which Parent and its personnel would provide back-office support services to ABTC.

 

5

 

 

The following table presents a reconciliation of the unaudited condensed combined balance sheet of ABTC as of March 31, 2025, prior to the effectiveness of the Transactions, and the unaudited condensed balance sheet of ABTC as of March 31, 2025, following the effectiveness Transactions:

 

   ABTC’s Combined
Balance
Sheet as of
March 31,
2025
   Legal
Contribution
   ABTC’s Balance
Sheet as of
March 31,
2025
 
Assets               
Current assets               
Deposits and prepaid expenses  $36,920   $(36,920)  $- 
Derivative assets   21,397    (21,397)   - 
Digital assets - pledged for miner purchase   79,893    (79,893)   - 
Total current assets   138,210    (138,210)   - 
                
Non-current assets               
Digital assets - held in custody   597,743    (597,743)   - 
Digital assets – pledged as collateral   169,608    (169,608)   - 
Property and equipment, net   123,079    (1,967)   121,112 
Goodwill   53,169    (53,169)   - 
Total non-current assets   943,599    (822,487)   121,112 
Total assets  $1,081,809   $(960,697)  $121,112 
                
Liabilities and equity               
Current liabilities               
Accounts payable and accrued expenses  $108,235   $(108,235)  $- 
Derivative liability   896    (896)   - 
Income tax payable   19    (19)   - 
Total current liabilities   109,150    (109,150)   - 
Non-current liabilities               
Deferred tax liability   21,103    (15,748)   5,355 
Total liabilities   130,253    (124,898)   5,355 
Stockholders’ equity               
Parent net investment   995,436    (995,436)   - 
Common Stock   -    5    5 
Additional paid-in capital   -    115,752    115,752 
Accumulated other comprehensive income   (43,880)   43,880    - 
Total stockholders’ equity   951,556    (835,799)   115,757 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity  $1,081,809   $(960,697)  $121,112 

 

Transaction with Gryphon Digital Mining, Inc.

 

On May 9, 2025, Gryphon Digital Mining, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Gryphon”), GDM Merger Sub I Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned direct subsidiary of Gryphon (“Merger Sub Inc.”), GDM Merger Sub II LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned direct subsidiary of Gryphon (“Merger Sub LLC”), and ABTC entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement” and such transactions, the “Mergers”). Following the Mergers, Gryphon will be renamed American Bitcoin Corp. (the “Combined Company”) and ABTC’s business is expected to be the business of the Combined Company.

 

Following the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the Mergers, (i) the aggregate number of shares of ABTC Class A common stock and Class B common stock issued to ABTC equity holders as consideration for the Merger is expected to represent approximately 98% of the outstanding equity interests of the Combined Company, on a fully diluted basis, and (ii) Gryphon equity holders are expected to own approximately 2.0% of the outstanding equity interests of the Combined Company, on a fully diluted basis, after their shares of Gryphon common stock are reclassified into shares of Combined Company Class A common stock.

 

6

 

 

Basis of presentation

 

Until the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, ABTC’s operations were historically operated as the “Bitcoin mining” sub-segment of Parent’s “Compute” segment and not as a standalone company. ABTC’s Condensed Combined Financial Statements, representing the historical assets, liabilities, operations and cash flows directly attributable to ABTC have been prepared on a carve-out basis through the use of a management approach from Parent’s consolidated financial statements and accounting records and are presented on a stand-alone basis as if the operations have been conducted independently from Parent. Historically, separate financial statements have not been prepared for ABTC and it has not operated as a standalone business from Parent.

 

Following the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, ABTC began operating as a standalone entity with its own accounting and financial records. ABTC’s condensed balance sheet as of June 30, 2025, reflects the assets and liabilities that ABTC directly owns or is legally obligated to satisfy post-Transactions. Following the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, starting April 1, 2025, ABTC’s results of operations are the results directly attributed to its standalone operations rather than the Bitcoin mining operations of Parent.

 

Prior to the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, all revenues and costs, as well as assets and liabilities directly associated with what was historically Parent’s Bitcoin mining activities were included in ABTC’s unaudited condensed and combined financial statements, including Parent’s strategic Bitcoin reserve (which remained with Parent following the effectiveness of the Transactions). Additional costs allocated to ABTC include corporate general and administrative expenses which consisted of various categories, including but not limited to: employee compensation and benefits, professional services, facilities and corporate office expenses, information technology, interest expenses, and share-based compensation. The corporate and general administrative expenses allocated were primarily based on a percentage of revenue basis that was considered to be a reasonable reflection of the utilization of the services provided or benefit received during the periods presented, depending on the nature of the service received. Management believes the assumptions underlying ABTC’s unaudited condensed and combined financial statements, including the expense methodology and resulting allocation, are reasonable for all periods presented. However, the allocations may not include all of the actual expenses that would have been incurred by ABTC and may not reflect its results of operations, financial position and cash flows had it been a standalone company during the periods presented. Actual costs that might have been incurred had ABTC been a standalone company would depend on a number of factors, including its organizational structure, what corporate functions ABTC might have performed directly or outsourced, and strategic decisions ABTC might have made in areas such as executive management, legal and other professional services, and certain corporate overhead functions. These costs also may not be indicative of the expenses that ABTC will incur in the future or would have incurred if ABTC had obtained these services from a third party.

 

Prior to the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, all intracompany transactions within ABTC have been eliminated. All intercompany transactions between ABTC and Parent are considered to be effectively settled in ABTC’s unaudited condensed and combined financial statements at the time the transactions are recorded. The total net effect of these intercompany transactions considered to be settled is reflected in the unaudited condensed and combined statement of cash flows within financing activities and in the unaudited condensed balance sheets as net Parent investment. At March 31, 2025, as described in the description of the Transactions above, the total net Parent investment has been settled.

 

Prior to the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, ABTC’s equity balance in its unaudited condensed and combined financial statements represents the excess of total liabilities over assets. Net Parent investment is primarily impacted by contributions from Parent which are the result of net funding provided by or distributed to Parent.

 

Prior to the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, cash was managed through bank accounts controlled and maintained by Parent. ABTC did not have legal ownership of any bank accounts containing cash balances prior to March 31, 2025. As such, cash held in commingled accounts with Parent is presented within net Parent investment on the unaudited condensed balance sheets. Subsequent to March 31, 2025, ABTC has set up its own legally separate bank accounts to directly settle its liabilities and to manage its own cash.

 

7

 

 

Prior to the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, ABTC was not a co-obligor on Parent’s third-party, long-term debt obligations nor was ABTC expected to pay any portion of Parent’s third-party, long-term debt. However, proceeds from Parent’s third-party debts were used to finance ABTC’s purchase of ASICs or directly used for Bitcoin mining-related activities and were included in ABTC’s unaudited condensed and combined financial statements. While ABTC is not a legal obligor, certain Bitcoin mining assets of ABTC were pledged as collateral as disclosed in Note 4. Following the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, ABTC is no longer connected to any of Parent’s third-part debt obligations.

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed and combined financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting. While these statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for fair presentation of the results of the interim period, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. As such, the information included in these unaudited condensed and combined financial statements should be read in conjunction with the ABTC’s combined annual financial statements for the year-ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, and related notes included therewith.

 

Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

 

The U.S. Dollar is the functional and presentation currency of ABTC.

 

Significant accounting policies followed by ABTC in the preparation of the accompanying Unaudited Condensed and Combined Financial Statements are summarized below.

 

Note 2. Significant accounting policies and recent accounting pronouncements

 

Recent accounting pronouncements

 

ABTC continually assesses any new accounting pronouncements to determine their applicability. When it is determined that a new accounting pronouncement affects ABTC’s financial reporting, ABTC undertakes a study to determine the consequences of the change to its unaudited condensed and combined financial statements and ensures that there are proper controls in place to ascertain that ABTC’s unaudited condensed and combined financial statements properly reflect the change.

 

In January 2025, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Update ASU 2025-01, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date (“ASU 2025-01”). ASU 2025-01 was issued to clarify the effective date for Update ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 requires public business entities to provide additional disclosures in the notes to financial statements, disaggregating specific expense categories within relevant income statement captions. The prescribed categories include purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization, and depreciation, depletion, and amortization related to oil-and-gas producing activities. ASU 2024-03 is effective for the first annual reporting period beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. ABTC is currently assessing the impact of adopting the standard.

 

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”) to enhance transparency in income tax reporting. ASU 2023-09 requires public business entities to disclose more detailed information about the nature and composition of deferred tax assets and liabilities, including the impact of tax law changes on current taxes payable. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. ABTC is currently assessing the impact of adopting the standard. The adoption had no material impact to ABTC. See Note 9 for disclosures related to income taxes.

 

8

 

 

Use of estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Future events and their effects cannot be determined with absolute certainty. Therefore, the determination of estimates requires the exercise of judgment. Actual results inevitably will differ from those estimates, and such differences may be material to the financial statements. The most significant accounting estimates inherent in the preparation of ABTC’s unaudited condensed and combined financial statements include estimates associated with revenue recognition, determining the useful lives and recoverability of long-lived assets, goodwill and digital assets, the allocation of costs to ABTC for certain corporate and shared service functions in preparing ABTC’s unaudited condensed and combined financial statements on a carve-out basis, and current and deferred income tax assets (including the associated valuation allowance) and liabilities.

 

Fair value measurement

 

ABTC’s financial assets and liabilities are accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”) which defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs when measuring fair value and classifies those inputs into three levels:

 

Level 1— Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2— Observable, market-based inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, for the assets or liabilities either directly or indirectly.

 

Level 3— Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

 

Observable inputs are based on market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs are based on ABTC’s market assumptions. Unobservable inputs require significant management judgment or estimation. In some cases, the inputs used to measure an asset or a liability may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In those instances, the fair value measurement is required to be classified using the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Such determination requires significant management judgment.

 

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis

 

The following table presents information about ABTC’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and ABTC’s estimated level within the fair value hierarchy of those assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

 

   Fair value measured at June 30, 2025 
(in USD thousands)  Total carrying
value at
June 30,
2025
   Quoted prices
in active
markets
(Level 1)
   Significant
other
observable inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
 
Digital assets  $43,322   $43,322   $             -   $             - 

 

   Fair value measured at December 31, 2024 
(in USD thousands)  Total carrying
value at
December 31,
2024
   Quoted prices
in active
markets
(Level 1)
   Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
 
Digital assets  $949,501   $949,501   $-   $- 
Covered call options   (18,437)   -    (18,437)   - 
Bitcoin redemption option   18,076    -    -    18,076 

 

Digital assets are made up of $43.3 million of Bitcoin held in custody as of June 30, 2025 and $424.3 million of Bitcoin pledged as collateral for debt and for miner purchases and $525.2 million held in custody as of December 31, 2024.

 

9

 

 

In determining the fair value of its digital assets, ABTC uses quoted prices as determined by ABTC’s principal market, which is Coinbase Prime. As such, ABTC’s Digital assets were determined to be Level 1 assets. See Digital assets below for a description of ABTC’s digital asset accounting policy. In estimating the fair value of its covered call options (as defined below), ABTC uses the Black-Scholes pricing model, which includes several inputs and assumptions including the market price of the underlying asset (Bitcoin), the underlying asset’s implied volatility, the risk-free interest rate, and the expected term of the options. The expected term of the options is the contractual term of the options given the options can only be exercised on the expiry date. ABTC determined that the covered call options are Level 2 liabilities given all inputs are observable, but the options themselves are not traded in an active market. ABTC estimates the fair value of its Bitcoin redemption option using the Black-Scholes pricing model, which includes several inputs and assumptions including the market price of the underlying asset (Bitcoin), the underlying asset’s implied volatility, the risk-free interest rate, and the expected term of the redemption option. In addition, management’s assumption of the start of the redemption period, triggered by a shipment date of purchased property and equipment, is a significant unobservable input. For quantitative disclosure on the inputs used to fair value ABTC’s Bitcoin redemption option, see Note 7. Derivatives. ABTC determined that the Bitcoin redemption option is a Level 3 liability given a significant unobservable input is included in its valuation.

 

See the Derivatives section below for a description of ABTC’s derivative instrument accounting policy.

 

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis

 

In addition to assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, ABTC also measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis. ABTC’s non-financial assets, including goodwill and property and equipment, are measured at fair value when there is an indication of impairment and the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s projected undiscounted cash flows. These assets are recorded at estimated fair value only when an impairment charge is recognized. ABTC had no impairment from its continuing operations related to its non-financial assets and liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. ABTC recognized approximately $3.1 million of impairment losses from its discontinued operations related to the Drumheller site’s non-financial assets and liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis during the six months ended June 30, 2024. There were no discontinued operations in the six months ended June 30, 2025. See the Impairment of long-lived assets and Goodwill accounting policies below, as well as Note 3 for further discussion.

 

The carrying amounts of ABTC’s financial assets and liabilities, such as accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying value of long-term liabilities, such as lease liabilities, approximate fair value as the related interest rates approximate rates currently available to ABTC.

 

Digital assets

 

Bitcoin, representing ABTC’s digital assets, are measured at fair value as of each reporting period. The fair value of digital assets is measured using the period-end closing price from ABTC’s principal market, which is Coinbase Prime, in accordance with ASC 820. Since the digital assets are traded on a 24-hour period, ABTC utilizes the price as of midnight UTC time, which aligns with ABTC’s Bitcoin mining revenue recognition cut-off. Changes in fair value are recognized in (Gains) losses on digital assets, in Operating expenses (income) on ABTC’s unaudited condensed and combined statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss). When ABTC sells digital assets, gains or losses from such transactions are measured as the difference between the cash proceeds and the carrying basis of the digital assets as determined on a First In-First Out basis and are also recorded within the same line item (Gains) losses on digital assets.

 

Digital assets received by ABTC through its revenue activities are accounted for in connection with ABTC’s revenue recognition policy disclosed below.

 

During the fourth quarter of 2024, Parent made the decision to change its strategic treasury policy, retaining all Bitcoin mined in its operations to increase its Bitcoin holdings. As a result of its intent to hold its Bitcoin, Parent began classifying its digital assets held as a non-current asset on its unaudited condensed balance sheet, except for certain specific use cases. Decisions to utilize the Bitcoin will be made on a case-by-case basis. Prior to the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, ABTC had classified certain digital assets as current on its unaudited condensed balance sheet in connection with the Bitcoin purchased and subsequently pledged to Bitmain Technologies Delaware Limited (“BITMAIN”) in connection with a Future Sales and Purchase Agreement, as amended (the “BITMAIN Purchase Agreement”), for the purchase of ASIC miners. Following the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, the pledged Bitcoin remains with Parent and was not part of the assets transferred to ABTC on March 31, 2025, and therefore it is not included on the unaudited combined balance sheet of ABTC as of June 30, 2025.

 

10

 

 

Leases

 

ABTC accounts for its leases under ASC Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). Under this guidance, arrangements meeting the definition of a lease are classified as operating or financing leases and are recorded on the unaudited condensed and combined balance sheets as both a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability, calculated by discounting fixed lease payments over the lease term at the rate implicit in the lease or ABTC’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease liabilities are increased by interest and reduced by payments each period, and the ROU asset is amortized over the lease term. For operating leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the ROU asset result in straight-line rent expense over the lease term.

 

Upon adoption of ASC 842, for purposes of calculating the ROU asset and lease liability, ABTC elected to combine lease and related non-lease components as permitted under ASC 842. ABTC also elected the short-term lease exception for leases having an initial term of 12 months or less. Consequently, such leases are not recorded in the unaudited condensed and combined balance sheets. ABTC recognizes rent expense from its operating leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 

Impairment of long-lived assets

 

ABTC continually monitors events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of its long-lived assets, including property and equipment, may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in circumstances occur, ABTC assesses recoverability by determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through the undiscounted expected future cash flows from it. If the expected future undiscounted cash flows from the assets are less than the carrying amount of these assets, ABTC recognizes an impairment loss based on any excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets.

 

When recognized, impairment losses related to long-lived assets to be held and used in operations are recorded as cost and expenses in ABTC’s unaudited condensed and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

 

Impairment of goodwill

 

ABTC reviews goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year and in between annual tests whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value. In performing the goodwill impairment test, ABTC first performs a qualitative assessment, which requires ABTC to consider events or circumstances, including significant changes in the manner of ABTC’s use of the acquired assets or the strategy for ABTC’s overall business, significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected development milestones, significant negative regulatory or economic trends, and significant technological changes that could render the asset (or asset group) obsolete. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, ABTC determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit is greater than the carrying amounts, then the quantitative goodwill impairment test is not performed.

 

If the qualitative assessment indicates that the quantitative analysis should be performed, ABTC next evaluates goodwill for impairment by comparing the fair value of its reporting unit to its carrying value, including the associated goodwill. To determine the fair value, ABTC uses the equal weighting of the market approach based on comparable publicly traded companies in similar lines of businesses and the income approach based on estimated discounted future cash flows. Cash flow assumptions consider historical and forecasted revenue, operating costs and other relevant factors.

 

ABTC has not recorded an impairment to goodwill as of June 30, 2025.

 

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Derivatives

 

ABTC accounts for the derivative contracts it enters into as follows:

 

Bitcoin redemption option

 

Parent entered into an agreement to purchase ASIC miners that includes a pledge of Bitcoin and a right to redeem the pledged Bitcoin for a certain period after the redemption period starts. The redemption period starts when the purchased ASIC miners are shipped. The amount of Bitcoin that can be redeemed is pro-rata of the percentage of ASIC miners shipped. This Bitcoin redemption option does not qualify as an accounting hedge under FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). Accordingly, ABTC carries the Bitcoin redemption option at fair value and any gains or losses are recognized in profit or loss, respectively. Because the Bitcoin redemption option remains with Parent and was not part of the assets transferred to ABTC on March 31, 2025, it is not included on the unaudited combined balance sheet of ABTC as of June 30, 2025. See Note 7 for further discussion.

 

Covered call options

 

From time to time, Parent has sold call options on Bitcoin that it owns (the “covered call options”) to generate cash flows on a portion of its Bitcoin held. These options do not qualify as accounting hedges under ASC 815. Accordingly, ABTC carries the covered call options at fair value and any gains or losses are recognized in profit or loss, respectively.

 

As of June 30, 2025, ABTC had not entered into a covered call options transaction.

 

Note 3. Discontinued Operations

 

On March 4, 2024, Parent announced the closure of its Drumheller, Alberta mining site after analysis of ABTC’s operations. It was determined that the profitability of the Drumheller site had been impacted significantly by various factors, including elevated energy costs and underlying voltage issues. ABTC further assessed the profitability of the site which indicated that an impairment triggering event had occurred. Accordingly, with the planned closure of the Drumheller site, the long-lived assets of the site were fully written down. This resulted in a write down of $3.1 million, which is reflected in the Loss from discontinued operations in ABTC’s unaudited condensed and consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the six months ended June 30, 2024.

 

There is considerable management judgment necessary to determine the estimated future cash flows and fair values of ABTC’s long-lived assets, and, accordingly, actual results could vary significantly from such estimates, which fall under Level 3 within the Fair value measurement hierarchy (see Note 2 for further discussion).

 

The closure was completed as of December 31, 2024, and there were no discontinued operations for the six months ended June 30, 2025.

 

   Six Months End 
   June 30 
(in USD thousands)  2025   2024 
Revenue  $-   $981 
           
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown below)   -    3,895 
           
Operating expenses:          
Depreciation and amortization   -    169 
General and administrative expenses   -    217 
Impairment of long-lived assets   -    3,104 
Total operating expenses   -    3,490 
           
Loss from discontinued operations before taxes   -    (6,404)
           
Income tax benefit (provision)   -    1,588 
           
Net loss  $-   $(4,816)

 

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Cash flows from Discontinued Operations  Six Months End
June 30,
 
(in USD thousands)  2025   2024 
Operating cash flows (used in) provided by discontinued operations  $-   $(3,243)

 

Assets and Liabilities of Discontinued Operations   June 30, 
(in USD thousands)   2025    2024  
Assets  $-   $-  
Liabilities   -    -  

 

ABTC recorded impairment related to the mining equipment and mining infrastructure at the Drumheller site after the decision to cease operations at the site in March 2024.

 

Note 4. Digital assets

 

The following table presents the changes in carrying amount of digital assets as of March 31, 2024, and March 31, 2025:

 

(in USD thousands)  Amount 
Balance as of December 31, 2023  $388,131 
Revenue recognized from Bitcoin mined   30,357 
Revenue recognized from discontinued operations   979 
Mining revenue earned in prior period received in current period   292 
Carrying value of Bitcoin sold   (36,109)
Change in fair value of Bitcoin   274,540 
Foreign currency translation adjustments   (9,295)
Balance as of March 31, 2024  $648,895 
Revenue recognized from Bitcoin mined   13,914 
Carrying value of Bitcoin sold   (15,209)
Change in fair value of Bitcoin   (71,842)
Foreign currency translation adjustments   (6,347)
Balance as of June 30, 2024  $569,411 
      
Number of Bitcoin held as of June 30, 2024   9,102 
Cost basis of Bitcoin held as of June 30, 2024  $348,213 
Realized gains on the sale of Bitcoin for the six months ended June 30, 2024  $7,458 
      
Balance as of December 31, 2024  $949,501 
Revenue recognized from Bitcoin mined   12,338 
Carrying value of Bitcoin sold   (3,429)
Change in fair value of Bitcoin   (112,394)
Legal contribution of mining operations to ABTC   (847,244)
Foreign currency translation adjustments   1,228 
Balance as of March 31, 2025  $- 
Revenue recognized from Bitcoin mined   30,285 
Bitcoin contributed   10,000 
Change in fair value of Bitcoin   3,037 
Balance as of June 30, 2025  $43,322 
      
Number of Bitcoin held as of June 30, 2025   404 
Cost basis of Bitcoin held as of June 30, 2025  $40,285 
Realized gains on the sale of Bitcoin for the six months ended June 30, 2025  $828 

 

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Digital assets are either held in segregated custody accounts for the benefit of Parent, held in segregated custody accounts under Parent’s ownership and pledged as collateral under a borrowing arrangement or in connection with covered call options sold, or held by BITMAIN for the Bitcoin pledged in connection with the BITMAIN Purchase Agreement, as amended, for ASIC miner purchases from them. As discussed in Note 1, Parent contributed only ASIC miners as part of the Transactions. As a result, the entire strategic Bitcoin reserve remained with Parent following the effectiveness of the Transactions. During the three months ended June 30, 2025, ABTC mined its own Bitcoin. The details of the digital assets are as follows:

 

   Amount   Number of digital assets 
(in USD thousands)  June 30,
2025
   December 31,
2024
   June 30,
2025
   December 31,
2024
 
Current                
Bitcoin held in custody  $-   $-    -    - 
Other digital assets held in custody   -    -    -    - 
Total current digital assets held in custody   -         -      
                     
Bitcoin pledged for miner purchase   -    92,389    -    968 
Total current digital assets pledged for miner purchase   -    92,389    -    968 
                     
Non-current                    
Bitcoin held in custody   43,322    525,236    404    5,648 
Total non-current digital assets – held in custody  $43,322   $525,236    404    5,648 
                     
Bitcoin pledged as collateral   -    331,876    -    3,555 
Total non-current digital assets – pledged as collateral   -    331,876    -    3,555 
                     
Total digital assets  $43,322   $949,501    404    10,171 

 

In November 2024, Parent entered into the BITMAIN Purchase Agreement to purchase approximately 30,000 BITMAIN Antminer S21+ ASIC miners. In December 2024, in connection with the BITMAIN Purchase Agreement, Parent completed its Bitcoin pledge by depositing 968 Bitcoin into a segregated wallet with BITMAIN, which was originally subject to a three-month redemption right from the shipment date of the purchased ASIC miners, whereby Parent has the option to repurchase, with cash, the pledged Bitcoin at a mutually agreed upon fixed price. If Parent does not exercise this right within the redemption period, BITMAIN will retain full ownership of the pledged Bitcoin as consideration for the purchased ASIC miners.

 

As of March 31, 2025, Parent had pledged 968 Bitcoin with a fair value of $79.9 million, classified as Digital assets – pledged for miner purchase under current assets on its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. A corresponding liability of $100.9 million was recorded under Miner purchase liability under current liabilities on ABTC’s unaudited condensed balance sheet prior to the effectiveness of the Transactions, reflecting Parent’s obligation to either redeem the pledged Bitcoin for cash or put it towards the purchase of ASIC miners by not redeeming the pledged Bitcoin at the end of the redemption period.

 

In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 610-20, Other Income – Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets, ABTC assessed the transfer of nonfinancial assets, Bitcoin, under FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). Specifically, ABTC noted that the Bitcoin pledged to BITMAIN under the BITMAIN Purchase Agreement constitutes a repurchase agreement under ASC 606. As a result, the Bitcoin was not derecognized upon transfer as Parent retains a repurchase option. ABTC recorded a Bitcoin redemption right derivative asset with an initial fair value of $15.1 million. See Note 7 for further information on this derivative asset.

 

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Due to the redemption right and ABTC’s continued economic exposure to the Bitcoin, the pledged Bitcoin is separately classified as Digital assets – pledged for miner purchase on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet, which represents restricted Bitcoin as of December 31, 2024. Because the pledged Bitcoin remains with Parent and was not part of the assets transferred to ABTC on March 31, 2025, it is not included on the unaudited combined balance sheet of ABTC as of June 30, 2025.

 

Starting April 1, 2025, following the effectiveness of the Transactions, ABTC began to accumulate its own strategic Bitcoin reserve. ABTC mined its own Bitcoin, totaling 404 Bitcoin as of June 30, 2025.

 

During the period from July 1, 2025 to August 6, 2025, ABTC purchased approximately 1,726 Bitcoin for $205.6 million, at a weighted average price of approximately $119,120 per Bitcoin, to further expand its strategic Bitcoin reserve.

 

On August 5, 2025, ABTC entered into the ABTC BITMAIN Purchase Agreement (as defined below) with Bitmain Technologies Georgia Limited (“BITMAIN Georgia”) and concurrently purchased 16,299 of the BITMAIN Miners, representing a total of approximately 14.02 EH/s, for a total purchase price of approximately $314.0 million, paid through the pledge of approximately 2,234 Bitcoin. ABTC must purchase approximately 981 additional BITMAIN Miners on or before October 5, 2025, which may be purchased with cash and/or by pledging additional Bitcoin. The Bitcoin pledged under the ABTC BITMAIN Purchase Agreement has a redemption period of 24 months from each pledge date. See Note 11 below for further detail.

 

Note 5. Property and equipment, net

 

The components of property and equipment were as follows:

 

(in USD thousands)  June 30,
2025
   December 31,
2024
 
Miners and mining equipment  $163,623   $74,230 
Less: Accumulated depreciation   (47,200)   (31,141)
Total property and equipment, net  $116,423   $43,089 

 

Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment was $10.0 million and $6.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively.

 

Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment was $16.3 million and $13.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively.

 

Note 6. Deposits and prepaid expenses

 

The components of deposits and prepaid expenses are as follows:

 

(in USD thousands)  June 30,
2025
   December 31,
2024
 
Deposits for miners  $-   $31,951 
Prepaid insurance   -    135 
Prepaid electricity   -    10,564 
Total deposits and prepaid expenses  $-   $42,650 

 

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Note 7. Derivatives

 

The following table presents the ABTC’s unaudited condensed balance sheets classification of derivatives carried at fair value:

 

(in USD thousands)  Balance  June 30, 2025   December 31, 2024 
Derivative  Sheet Line  Asset   Liability   Asset   Liability 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:                   
Bitcoin redemption option  Derivative asset  $        -   $       -   $18,076   $- 
Covered call options  Derivative liability   -    -    -    18,437 

 

Total derivatives  $-   $-   $18,076   $18,437 

 

The following table presents the effect of derivatives on ABTC’s unaudited condensed and combined statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income:

 

(in USD thousands)  Statement of   Six Months Ended   Three Months Ended 
Derivative 

Operations
Line

  June 30,
2025
   June 30,
2024
   June 30,
2025
   June 30,
2024
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:                   
Bitcoin redemption option  Gain on derivatives  $       -   $-   $       -   $- 
Covered call options  Gain on derivatives   -    17,219    -    17,219 
Total derivatives     $-   $17,219   $-   $17,219 

 

Bitcoin redemption option

 

During December 2024, Parent pledged approximately 968 Bitcoin to BITMAIN in connection with a purchase of approximately 30,000 BITMAIN Antminer S21+ ASIC miners pursuant to the BITMAIN Purchase Agreement. Parent has the option to redeem the pledged Bitcoin at a mutually agreed upon price, during a redemption period that started on the shipment date of the purchased ASIC miners and originally ended three months thereafter. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, Parent amended the redemption period to end during the quarter ending September 30, 2025. In August 2025, Parent amended the redemption period to end during the quarter ending December 31, 2025. ABTC accounted for this Bitcoin redemption option as a Level 3 derivative asset as of December 31, 2024, due to a significant unobservable input included in the fair value estimate of the Bitcoin redemption option, which was the estimated shipment date of the purchased ASIC miners. After the Transactions were effectuated on March 31, 2025, ABTC no longer recorded the Bitcoin pledged by Parent.

 

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The following table provides a summary of activity and change in fair value of the Bitcoin redemption option (previously a Level 3 derivative asset):

 

   Six Months
Ended
 
(in USD thousands)  June 30,
2025
 
Balance, beginning of period  $18,076 
Transfer out of Level 3 (1)   (18,076)
Balance, end of period  $- 

 

 
(1)The Bitcoin redemption option was transferred out of Level 3 due to changes in the observability of inputs used in the valuation and retained by the Parent after the effectiveness of Transactions.

 

Covered call options

 

During October 2024, Parent sold covered call options on 2,000 Bitcoin notional for proceeds of $2.9 million to generate cash flow on a portion of its digital assets. During November 2024, Parent rolled these call options into new call options with the same Bitcoin notional. Parent achieved this roll by exchanging its previous call options sold for new call options. Parent has pledged Bitcoin as collateral with one of its Bitcoin custodians in a quantity equal to the notional amount for these covered call options sold. The collateral continues to be pledged in the same manner after the roll. The covered call options exchanged in the roll are only exercisable upon the date of expiry, are automatically exercised if the underlying reference price was greater than the strike price of the call option, and are settled with delivery of the underlying Bitcoin. The reference price of the original covered call options was the BRR at 4:00pm London time for a given date and the reference price for the new call options is the Coinbase Prime Bitcoin price quoted in U.S. Dollars at 4:00pm London time for a given date. The covered call options were carried at fair value and were Level 2 liabilities as noted in Note 2. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, covered call options on 1,500 Bitcoin notional expired with the underlying reference price below their strike price and ABTC recorded a realized gain of $12.1 million. As of June 30, 2025, ABTC had no outstanding covered call options.

 

Note 8. Leases

 

As further discussed in Note 11, on March 31, 2025, in connection with the Transactions, ABTC entered into a Master Colocation Services Agreement and Master Managed Services Agreement with Parent. Under the two agreements, Parent provides ABTC with colocation, hosting, management, oversight, strategy, compliance, operational and other services for its Bitcoin mining operations located at Parent’s facilities. All of ABTC’s Bitcoin miners are located at Parent’s facilities. ABTC has determined that it has embedded operating leases at two of the facilities governed by this arrangement and has elected to combine lease and non-lease components as permitted under ASC 842. A third facility governed by this arrangement includes payments that are variable and therefore expensed as incurred.

 

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The following table shows the ROU assets and lease liabilities as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

 

(in USD thousands)  June 30,
2025
   December 31, 2024 
ROU assets          
Operating leases  $46,475   $       - 
Total ROU assets  $46,475   $- 
           
Lease liabilities          
Operating leases  $49,329   $- 
Total lease liabilities  $49,329   $- 

 

ABTC’s lease costs are comprised of the following:

 

   Three Months Ended   Six Months Ended 
(in USD thousands)  June 30,
2025
   June 30,
2024
   June 30,
2025
   June 30,
2024
 
Operating lease cost  $2,714   $-   $2,714   $- 
Variable lease cost   11,694    -    11,694    - 
Total lease expense  $14,408   $-   $14,408   $- 

 

The following table presents supplemental lease information:

 

   Six Months Ended 
(in USD thousands)  June 30,
2025
   June 30,
2024
 
Operating cash outflows - operating leases  $-   $- 

 

    Six Months Ended   
   June 30,
2025
 
   June 30,
2024
 
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (in years)   4.75    - 
Weighted-average discount rate(1) – operating leases   6.42%   -%

 

 

(1)ABTC’s operating leases do not provide an implicit rate, therefore ABTC uses the incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate represents an estimate of the interest rate ABTC would incur at lease commencement to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis for similar assets over the term of the lease.

 

The following table presents ABTC’s future minimum operating lease payments as of June 30, 2025:

 

   Operating 
(in USD thousands)  Leases 
Remainder of 2025  $8,142 
2026   11,059 
2027   11,338 
2028   11,624 
2029   11,919 
Thereafter   2,998 
Total undiscounted lease payments   57,080 
Less present value discount   (7,751)
Present value of operating lease liabilities  $49,329 

 

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Note 9. Income taxes

 

In general, ABTC determines its quarterly provision for income taxes by applying an estimated annual effective tax rate, which is based on expected annual income or loss and statutory tax rates in the various jurisdictions in which ABTC operates. Certain discrete items are separately recognized in the quarter in which they occur and can be a source of variability on the effective tax rates from quarter to quarter. ABTC’s effective tax rate may change based on recurring and non-recurring factors, including the geographical mix of earnings or losses, enacted tax legislation, and state and local income taxes. Each quarter, a cumulative adjustment is recorded for any fluctuations in the estimated annual effective tax rate as compared to the prior quarter.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2025, ABTC’s income tax expense and effective tax rate were $1.0 million and 21.9%, respectively. This rate differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21.0% primarily due to a non-taxable portion of gains on digital assets, subpart F income, and a change in valuation allowance. For the three months ended June 30, 2024, ABTC’s income tax benefit and effective tax rate were $8.5 million and 12.4%, respectively. This rate differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21.0% primarily due to a non-taxable portion of gains on digital assets, subpart F income, state income taxes, and a change in valuation allowance.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2025, ABTC’s income tax benefit and effective tax rate were $12.5 million and 11.4%, respectively. This rate differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21.0% primarily due to a non-taxable portion of gains on digital assets, subpart F income, and a change in valuation allowance. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, ABTC’s income tax expense and effective tax rate were $25.4 million and 12.8%, respectively. This rate differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21.0% primarily due to subpart F income, non-taxable portion of gains on digital assets, and a change in valuation allowance.

 

ABTC is subject to U.S. federal income taxes as well as income taxes in various state jurisdictions and in Canada.

 

Note 10. Concentrations

 

The only digital asset mined during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, has been Bitcoin. Therefore, 100% of ABTC’s revenue is related to one digital asset. Parent used two mining pool operators during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024.

 

Note 11. Related party transactions

 

Parties are considered related to ABTC if the parties, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with ABTC. This includes equity method investment entities. Related parties also include principal owners of ABTC, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of ABTC and its management and other parties with which ABTC may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. ABTC discloses all known related party transactions.

 

Cost Allocations from Parent

 

Prior to the effectiveness of the Transactions on March 31, 2025, Parent provided significant support functions to ABTC, which did not operate as a standalone business. The unaudited combined and condensed financial statements reflect an allocation of these costs. Allocated costs included in cost of revenue relate to support primarily consisting of electricity, facilities, repairs and maintenance, and labor and are predominantly allocated based on revenue. Allocated costs included in general and administrative expenses primarily relate to finance, human resources, benefits administration, information technology, legal, corporate strategy, corporate governance, other professional services and general commercial support functions and are predominantly allocated based on a percentage of revenue. See Note 1 for a discussion of these costs and the methodology used to allocate them.

 

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Master Colocation Services Agreement

 

On March 31, 2025, in connection with the Transactions, ABTC entered into a Master Colocation Services Agreement with Parent (the “MCSA”). The MCSA and the service orders under the MCSA provide for Parent to provide ABTC with colocation and hosting services for ABTC-owned Bitcoin miners at Parent-owned or leased facilities, on specific terms set forth in service orders to the MCSA.

 

Under the terms of the MCSA, ABTC pays to Parent fees generally consisting of a monthly recurring charge, as set forth in each service order, plus 100% of the costs, fees, disbursements and expenses paid or incurred by Parent in connection with the use, operation, maintenance and of the relevant facility (including costs related to the delivery of contracted power) and any installation charges, non-recurring costs or amounts for additional services incurred during the term of the applicable service order. For the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, fees and expenses billed by Parent related to the MCSA were $14.4 million and nil, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, fees expenses billed by Parent related to the MCSA were $14.4 million and nil, respectively.

 

Master Management Services Agreement

 

On March 31, 2025, in connection with the Transactions, ABTC entered into a Master Management Services Agreement with Parent (the “MMSA”). The MMSA and the service orders under the MMSA provide for Parent to provide ABTC with management, oversight, strategy, compliance, operational and other services for its Bitcoin mining operations hosted at Parent’s facilities under the MCSA.

 

Under the terms of the MMSA, ABTC pays to Parent service fees generally consisting of a fixed fee, payable monthly, for general management, operational, compliance and other services, plus a monthly fee equal to 100% of specified “pass-through costs” incurred during the term of the applicable service order, including costs and expenses incurred by or on behalf of Parent for labor, maintenance, repairs and infrastructure expenses and the provision of services by third parties. For the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, fees and expenses billed by Parent related to the MMSA were $1.5 million and nil, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, fees and expenses billed by Parent related to the MMSA were $1.5 million and nil, respectively.

 

Shared Services Agreement

 

On March 31, 2025, in connection with the Transactions, ABTC entered into a Services Agreement with Parent (the “Shared Services Agreement”), pursuant to which Parent agreed to provide back-office support services to ABTC, including accounting and financial reporting, HR support, payroll, benefits, IT support and management, legal and compliance and vendor management services. Under the terms of the Shared Services Agreement, ABTC pays Parent a monthly fee equal to the fully allocated cost, determined on a “pass through” basis, to Parent for providing services under the Shared Services Agreement. For the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, fees and expenses billed by Parent related to the Shared Services Agreement were $1.8 million and nil, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, fees and expenses billed by Parent related to the Shared Services Agreement were $1.8 million and nil, respectively.

 

Put Option Agreement

 

On March 31, 2025, in connection with the Transactions, ABTC entered into the Put Option Agreement with Parent (the “Put Option Agreement”), pursuant to which Parent has the right to sell to ABTC any ASIC Bitcoin miners purchased by Parent under an agreement between BITMAIN Georgia and Parent. Parent’s agreement with BITMAIN Georgia, in turn, provides for Parent’s right to purchase from BITMAIN Georgia up to approximately 17,280 Bitmain U3S21EXPH Bitcoin miners for a maximum aggregate purchase price of approximately $320.0 million, not including any applicable tariffs, duties or similar charges.

 

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Under the terms of the Put Option Agreement, Parent has the right to cause ABTC, at any time and from time to time ending on the 30th day following the termination of the purchase option period under Parent’s agreement with BITMAIN Georgia and the delivery of all Bitcoin miners purchased by Parent thereunder, to purchase all or any amount of the Bitcoin miners, at the same per-unit price as is paid to BITMAIN Georgia and without any additional markup, premium or administrative charge thereon, subject to specified exceptions in the event that ABTC does not (at any time Parent’s put right is exercised) have sufficient legally available funds to pay the applicable purchase price.

 

On August 5, 2025, pursuant to the Put Option Agreement, Parent assigned its option to purchase the Bitmain Miners to ABTC. ABTC exercised the option on August 5, 2025 and entered into an On-Rack Sales and Purchase Agreement (the “ABTC BITMAIN Purchase Agreement”) with BITMAIN Georgia to purchase up to approximately 17,280 BITMAIN Antminer U3S21EXPH ASIC miners (collectively, the “BITMAIN Miners”) in one or more tranches, representing a total of approximately 14.86 exahash per second (“EH/s”), for a total purchase price of up to approximately $319.5 million (subject to adjustments, offsets and costs as set forth in the ABTC BITMAIN Purchase Agreement). Concurrently with the signing of the ABTC BITMAIN Purchase Agreement, ABTC purchased 16,299 BITMAIN Miners, representing a total of approximately 14.02 EH/s, for a total purchase price of approximately $314.0 million, paid through the pledge of approximately 2,234 Bitcoin at a mutually agreed upon fixed price. Such purchase price was reduced by the application of a deposit and certain expenses of approximately $46.0 million previously paid to BITMAIN Georgia by Parent and which ABTC must repay to Parent on or prior to December 31, 2025. The remaining BITMAIN Miners must be purchased by ABTC within two months of entering into the ABTC BITMAIN Purchase Agreement by paying cash and/or pledging additional Bitcoin. The Bitcoin pledged under the ABTC BITMAIN Purchase Agreement has a redemption period of 24 months from each pledge date.

 

Note 12. Stockholders’ equity

 

Net Parent Investment

 

The net transfers to and from the Parent, as discussed above in Note 1, were as follows:

 

  

Six Months Ended

June 30,

 
(in USD thousands)  2025   2024 
Cash pooling and general financing activities  $20,599   $(30,822)
Corporate allocations   14,368    20,229 
Legal contribution of mining operations to ABTC   (951,556)   - 
Distribution to Parent   115,757    - 
Net transfers from Parent per Condensed and Combined Statements of Cash Flows   (800,832)   (10,593)
Stock based compensation funded by Parent   2,145    5,092 
Net transfers from Parent per Condensed and Combined Statements of Stockholders’ Equity  $(798,687)  $(5,501)

 

Authorized shares

 

As of June 30, 2025, ABTC has 1,100,000,000 shares of common stock authorized, par value $0.0001 per share.

 

Common Stock Purchase Agreement

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, ABTC entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) for a private placement (the “Private Placement”) with certain accredited investors (collectively, the “Purchasers”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, ABTC agreed to sell and issue to the Purchasers shares of its Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class A Shares”), for gross proceeds of $200.0 million (up to maximum gross proceeds of $250.0 million to satisfy oversubscriptions). The closing of the Private Placement occurred on June 27, 2025. At the closing, ABTC sold and issued 11,002,954 Class A Shares for aggregate gross proceeds in cash and Bitcoin (as described below) of $220.1 million, and aggregate net proceeds of approximately $215.3 million after deducting certain fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Private Placement, including aggregate commissions of $4.8 million.

 

$10.0 million worth of Class A Shares were sold for consideration of Bitcoin in lieu of cash at an exchange rate of one Bitcoin to $104,000. ABTC recorded the net proceeds of $215.3 million to additional paid-in capital.

 

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Contribution from Parent

 

During the period ended June 30, 2025, in connection with the Transactions, ABTC received $5.3 million of Bitcoin miners from Parent subsequent to March 31, 2025. The transaction was accounted for as a contribution from Parent and reflected within additional paid-in capital at the carrying value as a transfer under common control within the unaudited condensed balance sheets.

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

The changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, for the six months ended June 30, 2025, were as follows:

 

(in USD thousands)  Amount 
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment loss as of December 31, 2024  $(48,347)
Foreign currency translation adjustment   4,467 
Disposition of cumulative translation adjustment   43,880 
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment loss as of June 30, 2025  $- 

 

Note 13. Commitments and contingencies

 

ABTC BITMAIN Purchase Agreement

 

In August 2025, ABTC entered into the ABTC BITMAIN Purchase Agreement which includes the following financial commitments: a Bitcoin redemption option, recognized as a derivative asset under ASC 815, measured at fair value at each reporting period, a Miner purchase liability representing a commitment to settle the obligation in cash if the redemption right is exercised before expiration, and a derecognition of Digital assets – pledged for miner purchase if the redemption right is not exercised. See Note 4. Digital assets for further information on the ABTC BITMAIN Purchase Agreement.

 

Legal and regulatory matters

 

ABTC is subject at times to various claims, lawsuits, and governmental proceedings relating to ABTC’s business and transactions arising in the ordinary course of business. ABTC cannot predict the final outcome of such proceedings. Where appropriate, ABTC vigorously defends such claims, lawsuits, and proceedings. Some of these claims, lawsuits, and proceedings seek damages, including consequential, exemplary, or punitive damages, in amounts that could, if awarded, be significant. Certain of the claims, lawsuits, and proceedings arising in ordinary course of business are covered by ABTC’s insurance program. ABTC maintains property and various types of liability insurance in an effort to protect ABTC from such claims. In terms of any matters where there is no insurance coverage available to ABTC, or where coverage is available and ABTC maintains a retention or deductible associated with such insurance or elects not to purchase such insurance, ABTC may establish an accrual for such loss, retention, or deductible based on current available information. In accordance with accounting guidance, if it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred as of the date of the financial statements and the amount of loss is reasonably estimable, then an accrual for the cost to resolve or settle these claims is recorded by ABTC in the accompanying unaudited condensed balance sheet. If it is reasonably possible that an asset may be impaired as of the date of the financial statement, then ABTC discloses the range of possible loss. Expenses related to the defense of such claims are recorded by ABTC as incurred and included in the accompanying Condensed Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income. Management, with the assistance of outside counsel, may from time to time adjust such accruals according to new developments in the matter, court rulings, or changes in the strategy affecting ABTC’s defense of such matters. On the basis of current information, ABTC does not believe there is a reasonable possibility that any material loss will result from any claims, lawsuits, and proceedings to which ABTC is subject to either individually or in the aggregate.

 

Note 14. Subsequent events

 

ABTC has completed an evaluation of all subsequent events after the balance sheet date up to the date that the unaudited condensed and combined financial statements were available to be issued. Except for the events that occurred after June 30, 2025, disclosed above, ABTC has concluded no other subsequent events have occurred that require disclosure.

 

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