GDEV Inc.
Contents
2
GDEV Inc.
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
As at June 30, 2025 (unaudited) and December 31, 2024
(in thousands of US$)
| Note |
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
ASSETS | ||||||
Non-current assets |
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Property and equipment |
| 13 |
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Right-of-use assets | 17 | | | |||
Intangible assets |
| 14 |
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Goodwill |
| 14 |
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Deferred platform commission fees |
| 25 |
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Deferred tax asset |
| 12 |
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Other non-current investments |
| 22 |
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Other non-current assets | | | ||||
Loans receivable - non-current | 16 | — | — | |||
Total non-current assets |
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Current assets |
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Indemnification asset |
| 14,15,20 |
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Trade receivables and other current assets |
| 18 |
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Loans receivable |
| 16 |
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Other investments | 22 | | | |||
Prepaid tax |
| 12 |
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Cash and cash equivalents | 23 | | | |||
Total current assets |
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Total assets |
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LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
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Equity |
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Share capital | 24 | — | — | |||
Additional paid-in capital | 24 | | | |||
Share-based payments reserve | 24 | | | |||
Treasury share reserve | 24 | ( | ( | |||
Translation reserve | 24 | | | |||
Accumulated deficit |
| ( |
| ( | ||
Equity attributable to equity holders of the Company |
| ( |
| ( | ||
Non-controlling interest |
| — |
| — | ||
Total equity |
| ( |
| ( | ||
Non-current liabilities |
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Lease liabilities - non-current |
| 17 |
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Long-term deferred revenue |
| 25 |
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Share warrant obligations |
| 21 |
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Total non-current liabilities |
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Current liabilities |
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Lease liabilities - current |
| 17 |
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Trade and other payables |
| 19 |
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Provisions for non-income tax risks |
| 3,20 |
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Put option liabilities - current | 3,14,15 | | | |||
Tax liability |
| 3,12 |
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Deferred revenue |
| 25 |
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Total current liabilities |
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Total liabilities |
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Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity |
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| |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
3
GDEV Inc.
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income
For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
(in thousands of US$)1
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| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | ||
Note | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | ||||||
Revenue | 7 | | | | | |||||
Costs and expenses | ||||||||||
Cost of revenue: | ||||||||||
Platform commissions |
| 25 | ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | |
Game operation cost |
| 8 |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Other operating income | | | | | ||||||
Selling and marketing expenses |
| 9 |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
General and administrative expenses | 10 | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||
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Impairment loss on trade and loan receivables and change in fair value of loans receivable | 16,18,28 | ( | — | ( | — | |||||
Total costs and expenses |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||
Profit from operations |
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Other financial income |
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Finance income |
| 11 |
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Finance expenses | 11 | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||
Change in fair value of share warrant obligation and other financial instruments |
| 21,28 |
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Share of loss of equity-accounted associates |
| 15 |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Profit before income tax |
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Income tax expense |
| 12 |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Profit for the year net of tax |
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Attributable to equity holders of the Company | | | | | ||||||
Attributable to non - controlling interest | — | — | — | — | ||||||
Other comprehensive income |
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Items that are or may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss | | | | | ||||||
Foreign currency translation difference |
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Other | ( | ( | | ( | ||||||
Total comprehensive income for the year, net of tax | | | | | ||||||
Attributable to equity holders of the Company |
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Attributable to non-controlling interest | — | — | — | — | ||||||
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Earnings per share: |
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Earnings attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent, US$ - basic | 6 | | | | | |||||
Earnings attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent, US$ - diluted |
| 6 |
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1 | During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 losses for POCI loans were erroneously classified as Impairment loss on trade and loan receivables and change in fair value of loans receivable. For such loans originated in respect to the associates, the Company determined that they have |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
4
GDEV Inc.
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
(in thousands of US$ except number of shares)2
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| Equity |
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Number | Additional | Share-based | attributable to | |||||||||||||||||
of shares | Share | paid-in | payments | Treasury share | Translation | Accumulated | equity holders of | |||||||||||||
Note | outstanding | capital | capital | reserve | reserve | reserve | deficit | the Company | Total | |||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2024 | | — | | | — | | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||
Profit for the period |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
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| — |
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Other comprehensive income |
| 24 | — |
| — |
| ( |
| — |
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| — |
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Total comprehensive income for the period |
| — |
| — |
| ( |
| — |
| — |
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Issue of shares to Cubic Games Studio Ltd’s previous shareholders | 24 | | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Share-based payments and exercise of options |
| 29 |
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| — |
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| — |
| — |
| — |
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Repurchase of shares under the put options and expiration of the put options |
| — |
| — |
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| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
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Repurchase of shares to Cubic Games Studio Ltd's previous shareholders |
| 24 | ( |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — | |
Repurchase of shares resulted from Tender offer | 24 | ( | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||
Total transactions with shareholders | ( | — | | | ( | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2024 |
| |
| — |
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| ( |
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| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
2 | During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 losses for POCI loans were erroneously classified as Impairment loss on trade and loan receivables and change in fair value of loans receivable. For such loans originated in respect to the associates, the Company determined that they have |
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| Equity |
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Number | Additional | Share-based | attributable to | |||||||||||||||||
of shares | Share | paid-in | payments | Treasury share | Translation | Accumulated | equity holders of | |||||||||||||
Note | outstanding | capital | capital | reserve | reserve | reserve | deficit | the Company | Total | |||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2025 | | — | | | ( | | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||
Profit for the year |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
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Other comprehensive income |
| 24 | — |
| — |
| ( |
| — |
| — |
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| — |
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Total comprehensive income for the year |
| — |
| — |
| ( |
| — |
| — |
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Share-based payments and exercise of options |
| 29 |
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| — |
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| — |
| — |
| — |
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Dividends |
| 24 | — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | |
Total transactions with shareholders | | — | | | — | — | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2025 |
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| — |
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| ( |
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| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
5
GDEV Inc.
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
(in thousands of US$)
|
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended | ||
Note | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | ||||
Operating activities | ||||||
Profit for the year, net of tax | | | ||||
Adjustments for: |
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Depreciation and amortization |
| 8,9,10 | |
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Share-based payments expense |
| 29 |
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Share of loss of equity-accounted associates3 |
| 15 |
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Impairment loss on trade and loan receivables and change in fair value of loans receivable |
| 16,18,28 |
| |
| — |
Change in fair value of share warrant obligations and other financial instruments |
| 21,28 |
| ( |
| ( |
Change in fair value of other investments | 11 | ( | | |||
Unwinding of discount on the put option liability |
| 11,14 |
| — |
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Trade and loan receivables write-off | 16,18 | — | | |||
Interest income |
| 11 |
| ( |
| ( |
Interest expense |
| 11 |
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Dividend income | 11 | ( | ( | |||
Foreign exchange gain/loss |
| 11 |
| ( |
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Income tax expense |
| 12 |
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Changes in working capital: |
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Decrease in deferred platform commissions |
| 25 |
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Decrease in deferred revenue | 25 | ( | | |||
Decrease/(increase) in trade and other receivables |
| 18 |
| ( |
| ( |
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other payables |
| 19 | |
| ( | |
( | ( | |||||
Income tax paid |
| ( |
| ( | ||
Net cash flows (used in)/generated from operating activities |
| ( |
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Investing activities |
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Acquisition of intangible assets |
| 14 |
| ( |
| — |
Acquisition of property and equipment |
| 13 |
| ( |
| ( |
Acquisition of right-of-use assets |
| 17 |
| — |
| ( |
Investments in equity accounted associates |
| 15 |
| ( |
| — |
Loans granted |
| 16 |
| ( |
| ( |
Proceeds from repayment of loans |
| 16 | |
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Disposal of intangible assets and property and equipment | 13,14 | | — | |||
Acquisition of other investments | 22 | ( | ( | |||
Proceeds from redemption of investments | 22 | | | |||
Interest received | 22 | | | |||
Dividends received | 11 | | | |||
Net cash flows (used in)/generated from investing activities |
| ( |
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Financing activities |
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Payments of lease liabilities |
| 17 |
| ( |
| ( |
Proceeds from loans receivable | 26 | — | — | |||
Dividends paid | 24 | ( | — | |||
Interest on lease |
| 17 |
| ( |
| ( |
Buy-back of the shares resulted from Tender offer |
| 24 |
| — |
| ( |
Payments from exercise of put option liability of Cubic Games Studio Ltd’s previous shareholders |
| 24 | — |
| ( | |
Net cash flows used in financing activities |
| ( |
| ( | ||
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents for the period |
| ( |
| ( | ||
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period |
| 23 | |
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Effect of changes in exchange rates on cash held |
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Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period | | |
3 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
1.Reporting entity
GDEV Inc. (formerly, Nexters Inc.) (the “Company”) is a company incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands on January 27, 2021, which was formed for the sole purpose of effectuating a merger with Kismet Acquisition One Corp, a special purpose acquisition company (“Kismet”).
The mailing and registered address of GDEV Inc.’s principal executive office is 55, Griva Digeni, 3101, Limassol, Cyprus.
GDEV Inc. is the direct parent of Nexters Global Ltd, which was incorporated in Cyprus on November 2, 2009 as a private limited liability company under the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap. 113. Nexters Global Ltd’s registered office is at Faneromenis 107, 6031, Larnaca, Cyprus. Nexters Global Ltd generates the majority of the Company’s revenues.
These interim condensed consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries as at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.
The principal activities of the Company and its subsidiaries (the “Group”) are the development and publishing of online games for mobile, web and social platforms. The Group also derives revenue from advertising services. Information about the Company’s main subsidiaries is disclosed in Note 27.
The Group’s ordinary shares and warrants are listed on Nasdaq under the symbols GDEV and GDEVW, respectively.
The Group has no ultimate controlling party.
2.Basis of presentation
2.1.Statement of compliance
The accompanying interim condensed financial information that refer to the period ended on June 30, 2025, have been prepared in accordance with the International Accounting Standard (IAS) 34 “Interim Financial Reporting”.
These interim condensed consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Group’s Board of Directors on August 28, 2025.
2.2.Basis of presentation
These interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared based on historical cost basis unless disclosed otherwise and are presented in United States Dollars ($) which is also the functional currency of GDEV Inc. and Nexters Global Ltd. All amounts are presented in thousands, rounded to the nearest thousand unless indicated otherwise.
3.Summary of material accounting policies
The accounting policies have been applied consistently throughout the periods presented in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements and were the same as those described in the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024.
4.Accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions
In preparing these interim condensed consolidated financial statements, management has made judgements and estimates that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, incomes and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
7
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
The significant judgements made by management in applying the Group’s accounting policies and the key sources of estimation uncertainty were the same as those described in the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024.
5.Segment reporting
A.Basis for segmentation
The Group operates through
The following summary describes the operations of the reportable segment:
Reportable segments |
| Operations |
Nexters Global Ltd | Game development and publishing | |
Cubic Games Ltd | Game development and publishing | |
Gamegears Ltd | Game development and publishing | |
Castcrown Ltd | Game development and publishing |
B.Information about reportable segments
Information related to the reportable segment is set out below. Segment Management EBITDA is used to measure performance because management believes that this information is the most relevant in evaluating the results of the respective segments relative to the segments that operate in the same Group and is the primary measure reviewed by our Chief Operating Decision Maker.
The Company defines Management EBITDA as the net income/loss before income tax as presented in the Group’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS, adjusted to exclude (i) goodwill and investments in equity accounted associates’ impairment, (ii) finance income and expenses, (iii) share of loss of equity-accounted associates, (iv) depreciation and amortization, (v) share-based payments expenses, (vi) net effect from recognition of deferred net revenues, (vii) impairment loss on trade receivables and loan receivables, (viii) change in fair value of share warrant obligations and other financial instruments and (ix) certain non-cash or other special items that we do not consider indicative of our ongoing operating performance.
The Segment Management EBITDA for Castcrown Ltd is shown as
For the six months ended June 30, 2025 |
| Nexters Global Ltd |
| Cubic Games Ltd |
| Gamegears Ltd |
| Castcrown Ltd |
| Other segments and |
| Total |
Segment revenue |
| | | | — | — | | |||||
Segment Management EBITDA |
| |
| ( |
| ( |
| — | ( |
| N/a |
For the six months ended June 30, 2024 |
| Nexters Global Ltd |
| Cubic Games Ltd |
| Gamegears Ltd |
| Castcrown Ltd |
| Other segments and |
| Total |
Segment revenue |
| |
| |
| — |
| — | — |
| | |
Segment Management EBITDA |
| |
| |
| ( |
| — | ( |
| N/a |
8
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
For the three months ended June 30, 2025 |
| Nexters Global Ltd |
| Cubic Games Ltd |
| Gamegears Ltd |
| Castcrown Ltd |
| Other segments and |
| Total |
Segment revenue | | | | — | — | | ||||||
Segment Management EBITDA |
| |
| ( |
| ( |
| — | ( |
| N/a |
For the three months ended June 30, 2024 |
| Nexters Global Ltd |
| Cubic Games Ltd |
| Gamegears Ltd |
| Castcrown Ltd |
| All other segments |
| Total |
Segment revenue |
| |
| |
| — |
| — | |
| | |
Segment Management EBITDA |
| |
| |
| — |
| — | ( |
| N/a |
C.Reconciliation of information on reportable segment to the amounts reported in the financial statements
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Profit before income tax |
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Management EBITDA for reportable segments |
| | | ( |
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Management EBITDA for other segments |
| ( | ( | |
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Net effect from recognition of deferred net revenues |
| | ( | |
| ( | ||
Depreciation and amortization |
| ( | ( | ( |
| ( | ||
Finance income |
| | | |
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Finance expenses |
| ( | ( | ( |
| ( | ||
Share-based payments expense |
| ( | ( | ( |
| ( | ||
Impairment loss on trade receivables and loans receivable |
| ( | — | ( |
| — | ||
Change in fair value of share warrant obligation and other financial instruments |
| | | |
| | ||
Share of loss of equity-accounted associates |
| ( | ( | ( |
| ( | ||
Other operating income |
| | |
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Consolidated profit before income tax |
| | | |
| |
6.Earnings per share
Basic earnings/(loss) per share amounts are calculated by dividing profit/(loss) for the period net of tax attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share amounts are calculated by dividing the net profit/(loss) for the period net of tax attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period plus the weighted average number of ordinary shares that would be issued on conversion of all the potentially dilutive instruments into ordinary shares.
9
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
The following reflects the earnings and number of shares used in basic and diluted loss per share computations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Profit for the year net of tax attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent for basic earnings | | | | | ||||
Weighted average number of ordinary shares for basic earnings per share | | | | | ||||
Weighted average number of ordinary shares for diluted earnings per share | | | | | ||||
Earnings per share: | ||||||||
Earnings attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent, US$ - basic |
| |
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| |
Earnings attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent, US$ - diluted |
| |
| |
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| |
The Company does not consider the effect of its public warrants, and its private placement warrants in the calculation of diluted loss per share, since they do not have a dilutive effect as at the reporting date as they are out of the money. Deferred exchange shares are also not considered by the Company in the calculation of the basic and diluted earnings per share due to the expiration of the right to their receipt in respect of the entire number of
7.Revenue and other operating income
The following table summarizes revenue from contracts with customers for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
In-game purchases | | | | | ||||
Advertising |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Licensing | | — | | — | ||||
Total | | | | |
The following table sets forth revenue disaggregated based on geographical location of our paying users:
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
US | | | | | ||||
Europe |
| |
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| |
Asia |
| |
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Other |
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Total | | | | |
10
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
The other operating income mainly consists of grant received by Nexters Studio Armenia from the Ministry of Digitalization associated with the personal income tax benefit applicable to our employees in the amounts of
8.Game operation cost
Game operation cost consists of employee benefits expenses, technical support services and the depreciation and amortization of the relevant assets. The following table summarizes game operation cost for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Employee benefits expenses | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
Technical support services | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Technical support services mainly relate to maintenance and upgrades of the Group’s software applications provided by a third party and costs associated with hosting services.
9.Selling and marketing expenses
The following table summarizes selling and marketing expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Advertising costs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
Employee benefits expenses | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
10.General and administrative expenses
The following table summarizes general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Employee benefits expenses | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
Professional fees | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
Insurance liability expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
Other operating expenses |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Depreciation and amortization | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
11
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
11.Finance income and finance expenses
The following table summarizes financial income and expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Interest income under the effective interest method on: |
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- Debt securities - at amortised cost | | | | | ||||
- Debt securities - at FVOCI | | | | | ||||
- Loans receivable | | | | | ||||
- Tax refund | — | | — | — | ||||
- Bank deposits | | — | | — | ||||
Total interest income arising from financial assets | | | | | ||||
Dividend income: |
|
| ||||||
- Equity securities at FVTPL | | | | | ||||
Financial assets at FVTPL - net change in fair value: |
|
|
|
| ||||
- Mandatorily measured at FVTPL - held for trading | | — | ( | — | ||||
Net foreign exchange gain | | — | | — | ||||
Finance income ‑ other | | | | | ||||
Financial assets at FVTPL - net change in fair value: | ||||||||
- Mandatorily measured at FVTPL - held for trading | — | ( | — | ( | ||||
Interest expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
Bank charges | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
Unwinding of discount on the put option liability | — | ( | — | — | ||||
Net foreign exchange loss | — | ( | — | ( | ||||
Finance expenses | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
Total | | ( | | |
12.Taxation
For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 the Group recognized income tax expense in the amount of
The applicable tax rate used for reconciliation of the effective tax rate below is
(a)Cyprus IP box regime
In 2012, the government of Cyprus introduced a regime applicable to Intellectual Property (IP) (the ‘Old IP Regime’). The provisions of the Old IP regime allow for an
In 2016, the House of Representatives passed amendments to the Income Tax Law (the ‘New IP Regime’) in order to align the current Cyprus IP tax legislation with the provisions of Action 5 of the OECD’s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project. The amendments apply retroactively, from July 1, 2016, but according to transitional arrangements, companies benefiting from the Old IP Regime could continue to apply its provisions until June 30, 2021, as long as the IP assets either generated income or their development was completed as at June 30, 2016. Therefore, the Group continued to benefit from the Old IP Regime up to June 30, 2021.
12
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
Starting from July 1, 2021, the Group applies the provisions of the New IP Regime, which are based on the nexus approach. According to the nexus approach, for an intangible asset to qualify for the benefits of the regime, there needs to be a direct link between the qualifying income and the qualifying expenses contributing to that income. An amount equal to
Under both the Old and the New IP Regimes, in case a loss arises instead of profit, the amount of loss that can be set off is limited to
(b)Reconciliation of the effective tax rate
The reconciliation of the effective tax rate to a statutory tax rate is presented in a table below:
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Profit before income tax | | | | | ||||
Tax calculated at the applicable tax rate |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Effect of different tax rates in other countries |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Tax effect of expenses not deductible for tax purposes and non-taxable income |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Tax effect of deductions under special tax regimes |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Tax effect of tax losses brought forward |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Tax effect of not recognised deferred tax asset regarding the loss carryforward |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Overseas tax in excess of credit claim used during the period |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Income tax expense |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Income tax liability as at the balance sheet date is
(c)Uncertainty over the income tax treatment and unrecognized deferred tax asset
Under the Cypriot law the tax losses may be carried forward for five years. Group companies may deduct losses against profits arising during the same tax year. As at June 30, 2025 the Group did not recognize a deferred tax asset of
(d)Prepaid tax
As at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, prepaid tax amount relates to overpaid corporate income tax by Cubic Games Studio Ltd. On February 16, 2024, the tax examination of Nexters Global Ltd was finalised and the refund was approved and used to offset the tax liability for the years 2022 and 2023.
13
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
13.Property and equipment
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Group acquired property and equipment with a cost of
14.Intangible assets and goodwill
Intangible assets
During the six months ended June 30, 2025 the Group has acquired intangible assets with a cost of
15.Investments in equity accounted associates
MX Capital Ltd
On January 27, 2022, the Company entered into a share purchase agreement to acquire
Further earn-out payments of up to
The sellers earn-outs (contingent consideration) meet the definition of financial liabilities on the basis that they shall be settled in variable amounts of shares and/or cash depending on the achievement of certain targets by the relevant associates and are recognized within the line Other non-current liabilities in this consolidated statement of financial position. As at December 31, 2024 and June 30, 2025 these liabilities amounted to
On the same date, the Company entered into a shareholders’ agreement with the remaining shareholder of MX Capital Ltd, which provided for a put and call options allowing the Company to obtain control over
Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, in case that MX Capital did not achieve certain KPIs there would be a minimum value of
Also, depending on the achievement of another set of KPIs by MX Capital Ltd, the Company must pay the remaining shareholders an amount not exceeding
The MX Capital group’s profit net of tax for the period ended June 30, 2025 amounted to
14
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
Castcrown Ltd
On January 27, 2022, the Company entered into a share purchase agreement to acquire approximately
The Castcrown group’s loss net of tax for the period ended June 30, 2025 amounted to
During the six months ended June 30, 2025 certain loans granted to Castcrown Ltd. for which settlement was not likely to occur in the foreseeable future were treated as the investments into equity-accounted associates in accordance with IAS 28.38 (refer to Note 16 for details).
LEVELAPP Ltd
On October 23, 2023, the Company entered into the share purchase agreement with Applife Limited to acquire 1 ordinary share for the consideration of
Carrying amounts of investments in equity accounted associates
The carrying amount of investments in our consolidated statement of financial position as at December 31, 2024 being equal to
No additional impairment was charged during the year ended December 31, 2024 and six months ended June 30, 2025.
16.Loans receivable
Loan provided to MX Capital Ltd.
As part of the share purchase agreement with MX Capital Ltd, the Company entered into a loan agreement with the associate for a total amount of up to
The second tranche of the loan for an amount of
15
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
have not been granted as certain conditions were not met. The loan bears interest of
Management has evaluated the remaining undrawn commitments under the loans to MX Capital Ltd and, given that the conditions of the remaining tranches were not expected to be met by the borrower, the respective traches have not been recognized because their fair value is
Loans provided to Castcrown Ltd.
As part of the share purchase agreement with Castcrown Ltd, the Company entered into an unsecured convertible notes agreement on March 30, 2022 for the amount of up to
Based on the new agreement concluded on August 31, 2023 the Company acquired an additional tranche of
Based on the new convertible note agreement signed on February 15, 2024, the Group acquired the convertible notes issued by Castcrown Ltd in the amount of
On May 14, 2024 a new convertible loan agreement was signed in the amount of
The fair value of conversion feature amounted to
The convertible loans are accounted at fair value through profit or loss as the criteria for “the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise to cash flows that are solely payments of principal, and interest on the principal amount outstanding” is not met as the interest rate on convertible bonds is lower than market rate because the holder of the bond gets the benefit of choosing to take redemption in the form of cash or shares. The contractual cash flows are therefore not solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
On March 26, 2024 a new loan agreement was signed for an amount of
On May 23, 2024 a new loan agreement was signed for an amount of
On August 19, 2024 a new loan agreement was signed for an amount of
On November 12, 2024 a new loan agreement was signed for an amount of
On December 17, 2024 a new loan agreement was signed for an amount of
16
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
On May 1, 2025 a new loan agreement was signed for an amount of
On June 10, 2025 a new loan agreement was signed for an amount of
The full amount of these loans was not expected to be settled in the foreseeable future, therefore it was treated as the investment into the equity-accounted associates in accordance with IAS 28.38.
Loans provided to LEVELAPP Ltd.
On June 20, 2023, the Company entered into a loan agreement with LEVELAPP Ltd for
As part of the share purchase agreement with LEVELAPP Ltd, the Company entered into a secured convertible notes agreement on October 23, 2023. The first tranche of the notes amounting to
On February 16, 2024 the Group acquired additional notes of LEVELAPP Ltd amounting to
The full amount of this tranche was not expected to be settled in the foreseeable future, therefore it was treated as the investment into the equity-accounted associates in accordance with IAS 28.38.
Carrying amount of Loans receivable
| 2025 |
| 2024 | |
Balance at January 1 | | |||
New loans granted |
| |
| |
Repayments of principal |
| ( |
| ( |
Interest charged |
| |
| |
Foreign exchange (gain) / loss |
| |
| ( |
Write-off of loans receivable |
| — |
| ( |
Balance at June 30 / December 31 |
| |
| |
For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, no additional expected credit losses were recognized in relation to the loan receivable from MX Capital Ltd, but an amount of
The change in fair value on the loan receivable to Castcrown Ltd was estimated based on provisions of IFRS 9 on an individual basis as
The amount of ECL on the loan receivable to Castcrown Ltd was accrued based on the provisions of IFRS 9 on an individual basis as
The amount of ECL on the loan receivable to MX Capital Ltd was accrued based on the provisions of IFRS 9 on an individual basis as
17
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
used by management to determine fair value of relevant financial instruments. The management also considers that the fair value of the shares pledged equals to
The amount of ECL on the loan receivable to LEVELAPP Ltd was accrued based on the provisions of IFRS 9 on an individual basis as
17.Leases
| Right-of-use assets |
| Lease liabilities | |
Balance at January 1, 2024 |
| |
| |
Additions |
| |
| |
Loss on modification | | | ||
Depreciation | ( | — | ||
Interest expense | — | | ||
Payments |
| — |
| ( |
Effect of foreign exchange rates |
| — |
| ( |
Balance at June 30, 2024 |
| |
| |
Lease liabilities - current |
|
| | |
Lease liabilities - non-current |
|
| |
| Right-of-use assets |
| Lease liabilities | |
Balance at January 1, 2025 |
| |
| |
Additions |
| |
| |
Depreciation |
| ( |
| — |
Interest expense |
| — |
| |
Payments |
| — |
| ( |
Derecognition of right-of-use assets/lease liabilities due to sale | ( | ( | ||
Effect of foreign exchange rates |
| |
| |
Balance at June 30, 2025 |
| |
| |
Lease liabilities - current |
|
| | |
Lease liabilities - non-current |
|
| |
The amounts reflected in the item General and administrative expenses of the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income other than depreciation in relation to leases are presented in the table below:
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Expense relating to short-term and low-value leases |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Interest expense on lease liabilities |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
On June 1, 2019 Nexters Global Ltd entered into a new lease agreement for the office spaces with a new owner in Larnaca, Cyprus. On June 1, 2021, the lease was renewed for another
On March 24, 2020 Nexters Global Ltd entered into a new lease agreement over the office spaces in Limassol, Cyprus with a new owner. The lease runs for
18
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
payments and received the discount for the first year, and plans to do so in the future management decided to account for this option while determining the amount of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. On March 5, 2025, upon termination of this lease agreement, a new lease agreement was signed over the same office spaces between GDEV Inc. and the same third party, beginning March 25, 2025 and running for 5 years.
On October 4, 2021 GDEV Inc. entered into a new lease agreement over the office spaces in Limassol, Cyprus. The lease original term was
On December 1, 2021 and October 4, 2022 Nexters Global Ltd entered into new lease agreements for vehicles. As the terms of the contracts were the same and were entered into at the same time with the same counterparty, the contracts were accounted for as a single contract. The lease original period was
On August 9, 2022 Nexters Studio Armenia LLC entered into a new lease agreement over the co-working spaces in Yerevan, Armenia, the lease runs for
On March 1, 2023 Nexters Studio Armenia LLC entered into a new sub-lease agreement over the office spaces in Yerevan, Armenia, the lease runs for
On June 22, 2023 Nexters Studio Armenia LLC entered into a new lease agreement over the warehouse spaces in Yerevan, Armenia, the lease runs for
On July 7, 2023 Nexters Global Ltd entered into a new lease agreement over the office spaces in Limassol, Cyprus with a new owner. The lease runs for
On March 14 and May 7, 2025, Cubic Games Studio Ltd entered into
The Group measures the lease liability at the present value of the remaining lease payments as if the acquired lease were a new lease at the acquisition date. The Group initially measures the right-of-use asset at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.
Other than the office and car leases discussed above the Company has no other material leases.
19
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
Total cash outflow for leases recognized in the consolidated statement of cash flow is presented below:
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Cash outflow for leases |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Cash outflow for short-term and low-value leases |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Total cash outflow for leases |
| |
| |
| |
| |
All lease obligations of Cypriot companies are denominated in €. The rate of
18.Trade receivables and other current assets
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Trade receivables |
| |
| |
Deposits and prepayments |
| |
| |
VAT refundable | | | ||
Other receivables |
| |
| |
Total |
| |
| |
The Group does not hold any collateral over the trade receivables balances, nor is there any related financing component.
The fair values of trade and other receivables approximate to their carrying amounts as presented above as they are mostly of a short-term nature.
The exposure of the Group to credit risk and impairment losses in relation to trade and other receivables is reported in Note 28 to these consolidated financial statements.
The amount of ECL balance in respect of trade and other receivables is
19.Trade and other payables
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Trade payables |
| |
| |
Accrued salaries, bonuses, vacation pay and related taxes |
| |
| |
Provision for indirect taxes | | | ||
Accrued professional services |
| |
| |
VAT payable |
| |
| |
Indirect taxes payables |
| |
| |
Other payables and advances received |
| |
| |
Total |
| |
| |
The Group recognized a liability in respect of Cubic Games Studio Ltd and Nexters Global Ltd of
The exposure of the Group to liquidity risk in relation to financial instruments is reported in Note 28 to these consolidated financial statements.
20
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
20.Provisions for non-income tax risks
The provisions consist of probable tax risks of Cubic Games Studio Ltd of
It is mainly related to the acquired company’s indirect taxes risks together with the interest and penalties accrued which could be claimed by the relevant tax authorities.
21.Share warrant obligation
The fair value of Private and Public Warrants as at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is determined using Level 1 inputs and is measured using the quoted market price.
As at December 31, 2024 and 2023 Public Warrants’ price was taken from the market.
The Bloomberg Trinomial Model was used to value Private warrants as at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. This is an option pricing model that calculates values using three possible price movements (up, middle, down) at each time step. It uses standard market inputs (price, strike, rates, volatility, time) and is integrated into Bloomberg terminals. The input parameters are based on the implied market price of Public warrants, which are then used to assess the price of Private warrants.
| Public Warrants |
| Private Warrants |
| Total | |
Balance at January 1, 2024 |
| |
| |
| |
Fair value adjustment |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Balance at June 30, 2024 |
| |
| |
| |
| Public Warrants |
| Private Warrants |
| Total | |
Balance at January 1, 2025 |
| |
| |
| |
Fair value adjustment |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
Balance at June 30, 2025 |
| |
| |
| |
The change in fair value of share warrant obligation is included in the line Change in fair value of share warrant obligation and other financial instruments in the interim condensed consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.
22.Other investments
Other investments consist of the following:
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Other investments - current |
|
|
|
|
| | |||
| |
| | |
| |
| — | |
iShares USD Treasury Bond | | — | ||
| |
| | |
Other investments - non-current |
|
|
|
|
| |
| | |
iShares 20+ Year Treasury Bond ETF (TLT) - at fair value through profit or loss |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Debt securities classified as fair value through other comprehensive income, denominated in EUR mature in 2032.
21
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
23.Cash and cash equivalents
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Current accounts |
| |
| |
Bank deposits |
| |
| |
Fiduciary deposits | | — | ||
— | | |||
Cash and cash equivalents |
| |
| |
Impairment on cash and cash equivalents has been measured on a 12-month expected loss basis and reflects the short maturities of the exposures. The Group considers that its cash and cash equivalents has low credit risk based on the external credit ratings of the counterparties. Therefore, no impairment allowance was recognized as at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Currency | June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
United States Dollars | | | ||
Euro | | | ||
Russian Ruble | | | ||
Armenian Dram | | | ||
Kazakhstani Tenge | | | ||
United Arab Emirates Dirham | — | | ||
Total | | |
24.Share capital and reserves
Nature and purpose of reserves
Additional paid-in capital
The additional paid-in capital is used to recognize equity contributions from shareholders, Cubic Games Studio Ltd put option, exercise of share-based payments options and changes in fair value of other investments measured at FVOCI.
Cubic Games Studio Ltd’s sellers put option exercise notice
In February 2024 pursuant to the purchase agreement the Group issued
No similar notice was issued for an amount of
Share-based payments reserve
The share-based payments reserve is used to recognize the cost of equity-settled share-based payments provided to employees, including key management personnel and one service provider performing similar functions, as part of their remuneration, see Note 29 for further details.
22
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
Treasury share reserve
When shares are repurchased, the amount of the consideration paid, which includes directly attributable costs, is recognized as a deduction from equity. Repurchased shares are classified as treasury shares and are presented in the treasury share reserve. When treasury shares are sold or reissued subsequently, the amount received is recognized as an increase in equity and the resulting surplus or deficit on the transaction is presented within share premium.
Tender offer and at - the - market offering
On December 19, 2023 GDEV Inc announced the commencement of a tender offer by the Company to purchase for cash a minimum of
In accordance with the terms and conditions of the tender offer referenced above, and based on the final results reported by the Depositary, the Company has accepted for purchase
The shares acquired pursuant to the tender offer were classified as treasury shares, remaining available for the Company to issue in the future. In particular, subsequent to the completion of the tender offer, on September 12, 2024, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. and Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. (together, the “Agents”), under which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time,
In the fourth quarter of 2024 the Company sold
Translation reserve
The translation reserve comprises all foreign currency differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign operations into the presentation currency of these consolidated financial statements; refer to the consolidated statement of changes in equity.
23
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
Share capital
Share capital as at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted from the following:
| 2024 |
| 2024 | |
Number of shares | US$ | |||
Ordinary shares of $ |
| |
| — |
| |
| — | |
| ||||
Issued and fully paid |
| |||
Balance at January 1, 2024 | | — | ||
Issue of ordinary shares related to business combination | | — | ||
Issue of shares resulting from options exercise | | — | ||
Repurchase of shares under the put options and expiration of the put options | ( | — | ||
Repaid fractional shares due to reverse stock split | ( | — | ||
Shares issued in the ATM |
| |
| — |
Repurchase of the shares resulted from Tender offer |
| ( |
| — |
Balance at December 31, 2024 |
| |
| — |
| 2025 |
| 2025 | |
| Number of shares |
| US$ | |
Ordinary shares of $ |
| |
| — |
| |
| — | |
| ||||
Issued and fully paid |
|
|
|
|
Balance at January 1, 2025 | | — | ||
Issue of ordinary shares related to business combination | — | — | ||
Issue of shares resulting from options exercise | | — | ||
Repurchase of shares under the put options and expiration of the put options | — | — | ||
Repaid fractional shares due to reverse stock split | — | — | ||
Shares issued in the ATM | — | — | ||
Repurchase of the shares resulted from Tender offer |
| — |
| — |
Balance at June 30, 2025 |
| |
| — |
Reverse share split
On August 21, 2024 the Group announced a ten-for one (
Special Dividend
On February 20, 2025 the Company’s Board of Directors has authorized and approved a one-time, nonrecurring special cash dividend of $
24
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
25.Deferred revenue and deferred platform commission fees
Deferred revenue is associated with the portion of in-game purchases revenue that is recognized over time and is expected to be recognized over an estimated average playing period of the paying users. The performance obligations for both the virtual currency and the underlying virtual goods (comprising the right to use the virtual items and the maintenance of the digital game environment) have been assessed as highly interrelated and are therefore treated as a single performance obligation under IFRS 15. As a result, for the portion of unconverted currency expected to be used for durable items, revenue is recognized over the average playing period of paying users in our games beginning from the date of the virtual currency purchase. For the portion expected to be converted into consumable items, the unconverted virtual currency balance is included in the deferred revenue balance at the reporting date and recognized at a point in time upon the consumption of the virtual goods. At each period-end, we allocate the balance of unconverted virtual currency between consumable and durable items using the actual conversion mix observed during the reporting period.
The tables below summarize the change in deferred revenue and platform commission fees for the periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
| 2024 | |
Liabilities (Deferred Revenue) |
|
|
January 1,2024 |
| |
Deferred during the year |
| |
Released to profit or loss |
| ( |
June 30, 2024 |
| |
Current portion |
| |
Non-current portion |
| |
Assets (Deferred platform commission fees) |
|
|
January 1,2024 |
| |
Deferred during the year |
| |
Released to profit or loss |
| ( |
June 30, 2024 |
| |
25
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
| 2025 | |
Liabilities (Deferred Revenue) |
|
|
January 1,2025 |
| |
Deferred during the year |
| |
Released to profit or loss |
| ( |
June 30, 2025 |
| |
Current portion |
| |
Non-current portion |
| |
Assets (Deferred platform commission fees) |
|
|
January 1,2025 |
| |
Deferred during the year |
| |
Released to profit or loss |
| ( |
June 30, 2025 |
| |
The Company uses a statistical estimation model to arrive at the average playing period of the paying users for each platform. As at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 player lifespan for Hero Wars averaged 28 and 29 months. The estimated player lifespan in other Company games as at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 averaged 13 and 12 months.
The amount of revenue recognized at a point in time is
As at June 30, 2025, unconverted virtual currency included in deferred revenue is
26.Related party transactions
As at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company’s key shareholders are Andrey Fadeev owning
An aggregate of
The transactions and balances with related parties are as follows:
26
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
(i) | Directors and key management’s remuneration |
The remuneration of Directors and other members of key management was as follows:
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Directors’ remuneration |
| |
| |
| |
| |
-short-term employee benefits |
| |
| |
| |
| |
-share-based payments | | — | | — | ||||
Other members of key management’s remuneration |
| |
| |
| |
| |
-short-term employee benefits |
| |
| |
| |
| |
-share-based payments |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Total |
| |
| |
| |
| |
(ii) | Licensing revenue |
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Vistrex Limited |
| |
| — |
| |
| — |
| |
| — |
|
| — |
(iii) | Other operating income |
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Income from recharging of services from GDEV Inc. to Castcrown Ltd |
| |
| — |
| |
| — |
| |
| — |
| |
| — |
(iv) | Interest income |
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Castcrown Ltd |
| | | |
| | ||
| | | |
| |
(v) | Selling and marketing expense |
| Six months ended |
| Six months ended |
| Three months ended |
| Three months ended | |
June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | |||||
Advertising services from Castcrown to GameGears Ltd |
| |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| |
| — |
| — |
| — |
(vi) | Trade and other receivables |
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Receivable from Vistrex Ltd in GameGears Ltd |
| |
| |
Receivable from Vistrex Ltd in Winchange Ltd |
| |
| |
Receivable from Castcrown Ltd in GDEV Inc. |
| |
| — |
| |
| |
27
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
(vii) | Loans receivable |
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Loan to Castcrown Ltd - net (Note 17) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
The amount of ECL in respect of loans receivable from related parties is
(viii) | Trade and other payables |
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Payable to Castcrown Ltd from GameGears Ltd |
| — |
| ( |
| — |
| ( |
27.List of subsidiaries
Set out below is a list of subsidiaries of the Group. Ownership interest corresponds to voting rights.
| Ownership Interest |
| Ownership Interest | |
June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | ||
Name | % | % | ||
NHW Ltd | | | ||
Nexters Global Ltd |
| |
| |
Gamegears Ltd | | | ||
Cubic Games Studio Ltd |
| |
| |
Nexters Studio Armenia LLC |
| |
| |
Nexters Studio Kazakhstan Ltd | | | ||
Nexters Studio Portugal, Unipessoal LDA | | | ||
Nexters Midasian FZ LLC | | | ||
Nexters Finance Ltd |
| |
| |
Nexters Lithuania UAB |
| |
| |
GDEV Investments Ltd | |
| |
NHW Ltd
On April 5, 2021, Nexters Global Ltd acquired
Nexters Global Ltd
Nexters Global Ltd was incorporated in Larnaca, Republic of Cyprus on November 2, 2009. The registered office of the Company is at Faneromenis 107, 6031, Larnaca, Cyprus. The company’s principal activities are game development and publishing.
28
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
Gamegears Ltd (previously Dragon Machines Ltd and SGBOOST Limited)
Synergame Investment Ltd was incorporated in Limassol, Republic of Cyprus on September 1, 2021. The registered office of the company is Griva Digeni, 55, P.C. 3101, Limassol, Cyprus. The company’s principal activity are game development as well as the provision of independent developers with expertise and funds needed to launch their games and build successful international businesses. The company was renamed to SGBOOST Limited on May 12, 2022, to Dragon Machines Ltd on July 18, 2023 and, most recently, to Gamegears Ltd on August 27, 2024. On December 10, 2024 the Company acquired Winchange Ltd, which was previously accounted for as a part of Castcrown Ltd’s Group as associate.
Cubic Games Studio Ltd (previously Lightmap Ltd)
The group encompasses
Nexters Studio Armenia LLC
Nexters Studio Armenia LLC was incorporated in Yerevan, Armenia on April 8, 2022. The registered office of the company is Arabkir 23, Yerevan. The company’s principal activities are game development and support.
Nexters Studio Kazakhstan Ltd
Nexters Studio Kazakhstan Ltd was incorporated in Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan on May 5, 2022. The registered office of the company is Dinmuhamed Konaev Street, 14, Astana. The company’s principal activities are game development and support.
Nexters Studio Portugal, Unipessoal LDA
Nexters Studio Portugal, Unipessoal LDA was incorporated in Lisboa, Portugal on February 2, 2023. The registered office of the company is Avenidas Novas 1050 046 Lisboa. The company’s principal activities are game support and consulting services. As at the date of these consolidated financial statements the company has ceased its operations and is dormant.
Nexters Finance Ltd
Nexters Finance Ltd was incorporated in Limassol, Republic of Cyprus on April 7, 2023. The registered office of the Company is at 28 Oktovriou 313, 3105, Limassol, Cyprus. The company’s principal activities are financial activities such as provision of loans.
Nexters Midasian FZ LLC
Nexters Midasian FZ LLC was incorporated in Ras Al Khaimah Economic Zone in UAE on January 24, 2023. As at the date of these financial statements the company has not yet started its active operations.
Nexters Lithuania UAB
Nexters Lithuania UAB was incorporated in Vilnus, Lithuania on June 27, 2023. The registered office of the company is Didžioji, 18, Vilnius. As at the date of these financial statements the company has not yet started its active operations.
29
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
GDEV Investments Ltd (previously Tourish Limited)
Tourish Limited was acquired in Nicosia, Cyprus on May 29, 2023. The registered office of the company is Georgiou Griva Digeni, 113, Astromeritis, 2722, Nicosia, Cyprus. As at the date of these financial statements the company has not yet started its active operations. The company was renamed GDEV Investments Ltd on October 26, 2023.
28.Financial instruments - fair values and risk management
A.Accounting classifications
The following table shows the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities as at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
The Company’s trade and other receivables, prepaid tax, indemnification asset and related tax liabilities, cash and cash equivalents, treasury notes recorded at amortized cost and trade and other payables approximate their fair value due their short-term nature. Company’s investments, current and non-current (other than the treasury notes) are accounted at fair value (either through profit and loss or through OCI). Loans receivable current and non-current are a reasonable approximation of their fair value as they have been impaired to their expected return.
Financial assets are as follows:
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Financial assets at amortized cost |
|
|
|
|
Trade receivables |
| |
| |
Cash |
| |
| |
Loans receivable | | | ||
Other investments - current |
| |
| |
Total |
| |
| |
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Financial assets measured at fair value |
|
|
|
|
Other investments - current - fair value through profit or loss - Level 1 | — | — | ||
Other investments - non-current - fair value through other comprehensive income - Level 1 | | | ||
Other investments - non-current - fair value through profit or loss - Level 1 | | | ||
Total |
| |
| |
Financial liabilities are as follows:
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Financial liabilities not measured at fair value |
|
|
|
|
Trade and other payables |
| |
| |
Total |
| |
| |
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Financial liabilities measured at fair value |
|
|
|
|
Put option liability - Level 3 |
| |
| |
Share warrant obligations - Level 1 |
| |
| |
Other non-current liabilities - Level 3 | — | — | ||
Total |
| |
| |
30
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
B.Financial risk management
The Company’s Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Group’s risk management framework.
The Group’s risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Group, to set appropriate risk limits and controls, and monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies and systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and in the Group’s activities.
The Group has exposure to the following risk arising from financial instruments:
(i) | Credit risk |
Credit risk arises when a failure by counterparties to discharge their obligations could reduce the amount of future cash inflows from financial assets on hand at the reporting date. The Group’s credit risk arises from Trade and other receivables, Loans receivable and Other investments. As at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 the largest debtor of the Group constituted
Credit risk related to trade receivables is considered insignificant, since almost all sales are generated through major companies, with consistently high credit ratings. These distributors pay the Group monthly, based on sales to the end users. Payments are made within 3 months after the sale to the end customer. The distributors take full responsibility for tracking and accounting of end customer sales and send to the Group monthly reports that show amounts to be paid. The Group does not have any material overdue or impaired accounts receivable.
Credit risk related to Other investments is also insignificant due to the fact that they are represented by government bonds and US treasury notes which are rated AAA based on Fitch’s ratings.
The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date was:
| June 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | |
Loans receivables |
| |
| |
Trade receivables |
| |
| |
Cash | | | ||
Other investments - current | | | ||
Other investments - non-current |
| |
| |
Expected credit loss assessment for corporate customers as at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
The Group allocates each exposure a credit risk grade based on data that is determined to be predictive of the risk of loss (including but not limited to external ratings, audited financial statements, management accounts, and cash flows projections) and applying experienced credit judgment.
Loan receivables
Loan receivables are provided to associates and the Company’s employees. The Group considers that its loans provided to associates have increased credit risk based on the weak recent performance of associates due to general market conditions. As a result, the specific provisions for ECL were booked in respect of the loans to associates. The ECL and change in fair value balance in respect of Loan
31
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
receivables is
Trade and other receivables
The ECL allowance in respect of Trade and other receivables is determined on the basis of the lifetime expected credit losses (“LTECL”). The Group uses the credit rating for each of the large debtors where available or makes its own judgment as to the credit quality of its debtors based on their most recent financial reporting or the rating assigned to their country of incorporation. After assigning the credit rating to each of the debtors the Group determines the probability of default (“PD”) and loss given default (“LGD”) based on the data published by the internationally recognized rating agencies. The determined amounts of allowances for ECL for each of the debtors are then adjusted for the forecasted macroeconomic factors, which include the forecasted unemployment rate in each of the countries where the debtors are incorporated and forecasted growth rate of the global gaming market from publicly available sources. The amount of ECL in respect of trade and other receivables is
The following table provides information about the exposure to credit risk and ECL for trade receivables:
|
| Weighted |
| Gross |
|
| ||||
Equivalent to external | average | carrying |
| Impairment loss |
| Credit | ||||
December 31, 2024 | credit rating | loss rate | amount | allowance | Impaired | |||||
Low risk | Baa3 – A3 | | % | | ( | No | ||||
Loss | Ca-C – Aa2 | | % | | ( | Yes | ||||
|
| | ( |
|
| Weighted |
| Gross |
|
| ||||
Equivalent to external | average | carrying |
| Impairment loss |
| Credit | ||||
June 30, 2025 | credit rating | loss rate | amount | allowance | Impaired | |||||
Low risk | Baa3 – A3 | | % | | ( | No | ||||
Loss | Ca-C – Aa2 | | % | | ( | Yes | ||||
| ( |
Specific ECL provision for the entire amount of certain accounts receivable was booked as at December 31, 2024 and June 30, 2025 even though their relevant external credit rating is associated with low credit risk. We did so on the basis of specific evaluation where the Company came to a view that notwithstanding the sufficient credit rating the receipt of these accounts receivable is not likely within the foreseeable future due to specific regulatory and commercial circumstances.
Cash and cash equivalents
The cash are held with financial institutions, which are rated BB- to A+ based on Fitch’s ratings.
(ii) | Liquidity risk |
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. The Group’s objective when managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when they are due, under both normal and stressed conditions without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Group’s reputation.
The Group monitors the level of expected cash inflows on trade and other receivables together with expected cash outflows on trade and other payables over the next 90 days.
Excess cash is invested only in highly liquid triple A rated securities (mainly US treasury notes, bonds and ETFs).
32
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
The following are the contractual maturities of financial liabilities at the reporting date. The amounts are gross and undiscounted and include contractual interest payments.
December 31, 2024 |
| Carrying amounts |
| Contractual cash flows |
| 3 months or less |
| Between 3‑12 months |
| Between 1‑5 years |
Non‑derivative financial liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lease liabilities |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Trade and other payables |
| |
| |
| |
| — |
| — |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
December 31, 2024 |
| Carrying amounts |
| Contractual cash flows |
| 3 months or less |
| Between 3‑12 months |
| Between 1‑5 years |
Derivative financial liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share warrant obligation |
| |
| |
| — |
| — | ||
Put option liability |
| |
| |
| |
| — |
| — |
| |
| |
| |
| — |
| |
June 30, 2025 |
| Carrying amounts |
| Contractual cash flows |
| 3 months or less |
| Between 3‑12 months |
| Between 1‑5 years |
Non‑derivative financial liabilities |
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Lease liabilities |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Trade and other payables |
| |
| |
| |
| — |
| — |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
June 30, 2025 |
| Carrying amounts |
| Contractual cash flows |
| 3 months or less |
| Between 3‑12 months |
| Between 1‑5 years |
Derivative financial liabilities |
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Share warrant obligation |
| |
| |
| — |
| — |
| |
Put option liability |
| |
| |
| |
| — |
| — |
| |
| |
| |
| — |
| |
Market risk
Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates and/or equity prices will affect the Group’s income or the value of its financial instruments. The Company is not exposed to any equity risk.
The objective of the market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters, while optimizing the return.
a. | Currency risk |
Currency risk is the risk that the values of and cash flows associated with financial instruments will fluctuate due to changes in foreign exchange rates. Currency risk arises when future commercial transactions and recognized assets and liabilities are denominated in a currency that is not the Company’s functional currency. The Group is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various currency exposures primarily with respect to the Euro, the Russian Ruble, Armenian Dram, Kazakhstani Tenge, United Arab Emirates Dirham, British pound sterling and Japanese Yen. The Group’s management monitors the exchange rate fluctuations on a continuous basis and acts respectively.
33
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
The Group’s exposure to foreign currency risk was as follows:
|
|
| Armenian |
| Kazakhstani |
| United Arab |
| British |
|
| ||||
December 31, 2024 | Euro | Russian Ruble | Dram | Tenge | Emirates dirham | pound sterling | Japanese yen | ||||||||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Loans receivable |
| |
| — |
| | — |
| — | — | — | ||||
Trade and other receivables |
| |
| — |
| — | |
| — | — | — | ||||
Cash |
| |
| |
| | |
| | — | — | ||||
| |
| |
| | |
| | — | — | |||||
Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Lease liabilities |
| ( |
| — |
| ( | — |
| — | — | — | ||||
Trade and other payables |
| ( |
| — |
| ( | ( |
| ( | ( | ( | ||||
| ( |
| — |
| ( | ( |
| ( | ( | ( | |||||
Net exposure |
| |
| |
| ( | |
| ( | ( | ( |
|
|
| Armenian |
| Kazakhstani |
| United Arab |
| British |
| ||||
June 30, 2025 | Euro | Russian Ruble | Dram | Tenge | Emirates dirham | pound sterling | Japanese yen | |||||||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Loans receivable |
| |
| — |
| | — | — | — | — | ||||
Trade and other receivables |
| |
| — |
| | | | — | — | ||||
Cash |
| |
| |
| | | — | — | — | ||||
|
| |
| |
| | | | — | — | ||||
Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Lease liabilities |
| ( |
| — |
| ( | — | — | — | — | ||||
Trade and other payables |
| ( |
| — |
| ( | ( | ( | — | ( | ||||
|
| ( |
| — |
| ( | ( | ( | — | ( | ||||
Net exposure |
| |
| |
| ( | | ( | — | ( |
Sensitivity analysis
A reasonably possible
| Strengthening of |
| Weakening of US$ | |
December 31, 2024 | US$ by 10% | by 10% | ||
Euro |
| ( |
| |
Russian Ruble |
| ( |
| |
Armenian Dram | | ( | ||
Kazakhstani Tenge | ( | | ||
United Arab Emirates dirham | | ( | ||
British pound sterling |
| |
| ( |
Japanese yen | | ( | ||
| ( |
| |
34
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
| Strengthening of |
| Weakening of US$ | |
June 30, 2025 | US$ by 10% | by 10% | ||
Euro |
| ( |
| |
Russian Ruble |
| ( |
| |
Armenian Dram | | ( | ||
Kazakhstani Tenge | ( | | ||
United Arab Emirates dirham | | ( | ||
Japanese yen | | ( | ||
| ( |
| |
b. | Interest risk |
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Group’s exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates is minimal as it does not have long-term debt obligations with floating interest rates or material fixed-rate debt instruments carried at fair value.
C.Measurement of fair values
The following table shows a reconciliation from the opening balances to the closing balances for financial liabilities based on Level 3 fair values, except for share warrant liability, which fair valuation was calculated based on Level 3 inputs as at opening balance of year 2024 and 2025.
| Share warrant |
| Put option | |
obligation (Note 4) | liability (Note 4) | |||
Balance at January 1, 2024 | | | ||
Net change in fair value | ( | ( | ||
Balance at June 30, 2024 |
| |
| |
| Share warrant |
| Put option | |
obligation (Note 4) | liability (Note 4) | |||
Balance at January 1, 2025 | | | ||
Net change in fair value |
| ( |
| — |
Balance at June 30, 2025 |
| |
| |
As at both June 30, 2025 and 2024 there were
29.Share-based payments
In 2016 the Company adopted a Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”). Under the LTIP key employees and deemed employees (individuals providing similar personal services) rendered services to the Group in exchange for share options (further referred to as “options”). Within the LTIP several tranches of share options for Nexters Global’s Class A shares and Class B shares were issued as stated below.
In addition to the LTIP, in November 2021 the Company approved its 2021 Employee Stock Option Plan (the “ESOP”). Under the ESOP, key staff employed by the Group and our independent non-executive directors have rendered services in exchange for equity instruments.
The Company granted a number of share options under the ESOP, including:
● | Newly granted share options; |
35
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
● | Share options, which represent modification of the outstanding options (see Modified complex options further below). |
The common condition for both of these share option types is that they have service condition. The Group’s management believes that all employees, which received share-based compensation will continue to contribute to the Group’s projects and/or be employed by the Group during the respective vesting periods.
Below is the descriptions of the options granted:
Type of options |
| Grant Date |
| No. of options outstanding |
| Vesting period |
| Vesting conditions |
ESOP options |
| November 2021, depending on the employee |
| | * | 2021-2026 |
| Service condition |
LTIP - Modified Class B complex vesting options |
| January 1, 2019 |
| | * | 2022-2026 |
| Service condition |
Total share options outstanding as at June 30, 2025 | | — |
| — |
* | Options granted refer to GDEV Inc. shares (adjusted for reverse share split) |
We classified these share-based payment transactions as equity-settled whereby the Group receives services in exchange for its own equity instruments. We recorded share-based payments expense in general and administrative expenses, game operation cost and selling and marketing expenses of our consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.
The table below summarizes the share-based payments expense for the periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
| Six months ended | Six months ended | Three months ended | Three months ended | ||||
|
| June 30, 2025 |
| June 30, 2024 |
| June 30, 2025 |
| June 30, 2024 |
Class B complex vesting |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Employee stock option plan |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Total recorded expenses |
| |
| |
| |
| |
therein recognized: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
within Selling and marketing expenses |
| — |
| |
| — |
| |
within General and administrative expenses |
| |
| |
| |
| |
In relation to the share-based payment expense for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 we recognized the increase in Other reserves of
The table below summarizes the number of outstanding share options at the beginning and the end of six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
Employee |
| Class B complex | ||
| stock option | vesting - related to | ||
plan | GDEV Inc shares | |||
Outstanding at the beginning of the period 2024 (units) |
| |
| |
Exercised during the period (units) |
| ( |
| ( |
Forfeited |
| ( |
| — |
Outstanding at June 30,2024 (units) |
| |
| |
36
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
| Employee |
| Class B complex | |
stock option | vesting - related to | |||
plan | GDEV Inc shares | |||
Outstanding at the beginning of the period 2025 (units) | | | ||
Granted during the period (units) | |
| — | |
Modification of options (units) | — | — | ||
Exercised during the period (units) | ( | ( | ||
Forfeited |
| — |
| — |
Cancelled | — | — | ||
Outstanding at the end of the period June 30, 2025 (units) | |
| |
Share options granted in 2021 (ESOP options)
The ESOP share options have only service conditions.
We have estimated the fair value of granted awards using Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model taking into account the terms and conditions on which the options were granted.
The following table presents fair value per one option and related assumptions used to estimate the fair value at the grant date:
Evaluation date (grant date) |
| November 16-30, 2021 |
Vesting period |
| |
Share market price, US$ |
| From |
Strike (exercise) price, US$ |
| |
Expected volatility |
| |
Dividend yield |
| |
Risk-free interest rate |
| |
Average grant-date FV of one option, US$ |
|
As at June 30, 2024
During the six months ended June 30, 2024
As at June 30, 2025
As at June 30, 2025 the directors were granted additional
Modified complex options
Under the LTIP adopted in 2016, the Company granted Class B share options on January 1, 2019 with a service condition and a performance-based non-market vesting condition (net income thresholds per management accounts). The contractual term of the options was
For the purposes of the valuation each performance condition threshold was treated as a separate option with a separate valuation of the vesting period.
37
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
The following table presents fair value of options and related parameters used to estimate the fair value of our options at the grant date and probability of vesting:
Evaluation date (grant date) |
| January 1, 2019 |
Equity value, US$ mln |
| |
Expected volatility |
| |
Dividend yield |
| |
Proxy net income indicator |
| |
Discount for Lack of Marketability* |
| |
Total FV for |
|
*- | applied to the result of fair value estimation. |
**- | total FV of |
Strike price for the above-mentioned option at the beginning of 2021 was US$
As part of the new ESOP, the Company modified the complex options in November 2021. Under the modified program for a portion of the options the non-market performance condition was eliminated, and they include only the service condition. For the remaining options the performance conditions were modified such that only the non-market performance targets were modified. The Company considered the modification to be beneficial to the recipients.
As at June 30, 2024
As at June 30, 2025
30.Commitments and contingencies
Dispute with a contractual counterparty
The Company is currently involved in a dispute with one of its contractual counterparties, with each side having raised certain claims in relation to breaches of the relevant agreements, for which the counterparty has claimed a substantial amount of damages from the Company. As at the date of these financial statements, the effects and outcomes of this dispute cannot be reliably estimated, though the Company intends to rigorously defend its interest. Based on the assessment of the Company’s management, which relies, among other factors, on the discussions with its litigation counsel, no provision is required to be recorded in the financial statements at this stage.
Taxation
Although the Company generally is not responsible for indirect taxes (VAT and withholding sales taxes) generated on games accessed and operated through third-party platforms, we are responsible for collecting and remitting applicable sales, value added, use or similar taxes for revenue generated on games accessed and operated on our own platforms and/or in countries where the law requires the game publishers to pay such taxes even if games are made available for users through third-party platforms. Furthermore, an increasing number of U.S. states have considered or adopted laws that attempt to impose tax collection obligations on out-of-state companies. This is also the case in respect of the European Union, where value added taxes or digital services taxes were or may be imposed on companies making digital sales to consumers within the European Union. In addition, as taxation of IT industries is rapidly developing there is a risk that various tax authorities may interpret certain agreements or tax payment arrangements differently than the Company (including identification of the taxpayer and determination of the tax residency).
The Company believes that these consolidated financial statements reflect our best estimate of tax liabilities and uncertain tax positions, which are appropriately accounted for and/or disclosed in these consolidated financial statements. In respect of the above risks, we
38
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
consider them to be reasonably possible of being materialized, however, the potential financial effects thereof cannot be presently reliably estimated.
31.Russian Geopolitical and Economic Risks
As a result of the military actions in Ukraine, a number of governments, including those of the United States, United Kingdom and European Union, imposed unprecedented sanctions on specified persons and entities in Russia. While the situation remains highly fluid and additional sanctions are possible, neither we, nor any of our subsidiaries are currently subject to any sanctions that have been imposed. Nevertheless, as result of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, many U.S. and other multi-national businesses across a variety of industries, including consumer goods and retail, food, energy, finance, media and entertainment, tech, travel and logistics, manufacturing and others, have indefinitely suspended their operations and paused all commercial activities in Russia and Belarus. For example, Apple and Google, two of the primary platforms that distribute the Company’s games, have suspended their respective digital wallet and mobile payment services, Apple Pay and Google Pay, in relation to credit cards issued by Russian financial institutions that are the subject of sanctions. Players who access our games via these platforms in Russia may therefore be disconnected from the primary means to make in-game purchases. Based on our current geographical distribution of Revenues, management believes that the latest geopolitical developments will have certain residual negative effects on GDEV Inc.’s future financial performance, limited to the share of Revenues deriving from the markets of the former Soviet Union (FSU), which stood at
The Group does not expect any material impact of the mentioned risks in 2025 and beyond.
32.Events after the reporting period
New acquisitions
GDEV Inc announced the acquisition of Light Hour Games, a privately held mobile studio based in Cyprus. Light Hour Games is a full-stack studio that builds and markets mobile casual games using AI-first workflows — enabling rapid iteration without compromising high-quality execution. The acquisition represents a strategic partnership that will grant the Light Hour Games studio the opportunity for continued creative freedom and long-term upside through a share in the future success of its games, while securing the necessary funding for its operations through GDEV.
New acquisitions
On August 29, 2025 the Company increased its total ownership in its portfolio studio, Castcrown Ltd, to
33.Quarterly financial information (Unaudited)
In March 2025, the Group identified an error related to the classification of the expired part of put option liability in its consolidated statements of financial position as at June 30, 2024 (no consolidated statements of financial position as at March 30, 2024 or September 30, 2024 were published by the Group).
During the periods noted, the derecognition of this financial liability was erroneously recorded in other financial income in the consolidated profit or loss as was considered as a linked instrument according to IFRIC19. However, based on IAS 32.23 if the contract expires without delivery, the carrying amount of financial liability is to be reclassified to equity, as the puttable shares are ordinary
39
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
shares which are not linked to the put option liability. The terms of ordinary shares do not include a put right, the put right is in fact the result of a bilateral agreement alone and documented as such in the SPA.
The impact of the restatement on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the period ended June 30, 2024 is presented in the table below.
There is no impact on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Financial Position as at June 30, 2024 (no audited condensed consolidated interim statements of financial position as at March 31, 2024 or September 30, 2024 were published by the Group).
The impact of restatement on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Changes in Equity is presented in the table below.
Repurchase of shares to Cubic Games Studio Ltd’s previous shareholders in Additional paid-in capital column would be
As Reported | As Restated | |||||
| Additional paid- |
|
| Additional paid- | ||
in capital | Adjustment | in capital | ||||
Balance at January 1, 2024 |
| |
| — |
| |
Other comprehensive income |
| ( |
| — |
| ( |
Total comprehensive income for the period |
| ( |
| — |
| ( |
Share-based payments and exercise of options |
| |
| — |
| |
Repurchase of shares under the put options and expiration of the put options |
| — |
| |
| |
Total transactions with shareholders |
| |
| |
| |
Balance at June 30, 2024 |
| |
| |
|
As the Group has not published full sets of financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2024 or for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the restatement set forth above in respect of each of those periods only affected the profit/loss for the period, net of tax, as presented in the earnings press releases published on May 28, 2024 and November 14, 2024, respectively. After giving effect to the aforementioned restatement:
● | the loss for the period, net of tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 would have been $ |
● | the profit for the period, net of tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 would have been $ |
During the periods noted losses for POCI loans were erroneously classified as Impairment loss on trade and loan receivables and change in fair value of loans receivable. For such loans originated in respect to the associates, the Company determined that they have
40
GDEV Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands of US$ unless stated otherwise)
value upon recognition. Therefore, the difference between the fair value at recognition and the cash paid was considered as an additional investment in the equity of the associate (see Note 16).
As Reported | Adjustment | As Restated | ||||||
Six months ended | Six months ended | Six months ended | ||||||
| Note |
| June 30, 2024 |
| June 30, 2024 |
| June 30, 2024 | |
Revenue |
| 7 |
| |
| — |
| |
Costs and expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenue: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Platform commissions |
| 7,25 |
| ( |
| — |
| ( |
Game operation cost |
| 8 |
| ( |
| — |
| ( |
Other operating income |
|
|
| |
| — |
| |
Selling and marketing expenses |
| 9 |
| ( |
| — |
| ( |
General and administrative expenses |
| 10 |
| ( |
| — |
| |
Impairment loss on trade and loan receivables and change in fair value of loans receivable |
| 16,18,28 |
| ( |
| |
| — |
Total costs and expenses |
|
|
| ( |
| |
| |
Profit from operations |
|
|
| |
| |
| |
Other financial income |
| 14,24 |
| |
| ( |
| — |
Finance income |
| 11 |
| |
| — |
| |
Finance expenses |
| 11 |
| ( |
| — |
| ( |
Change in fair value of share warrant obligation and other financial instruments |
| 21,28 |
| |
| — |
| |
Share of loss of equity-accounted associates |
|
|
| — |
| ( |
| ( |
Profit before income tax |
|
|
| |
| ( |
| |
Income tax expense |
| 12 |
| ( |
| — |
| ( |
Profit for the period net of tax |
|
|
| |
| ( |
| |
Attributable to equity holders of the Company |
|
|
| |
| ( |
| |
Other comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Items that are or may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss |
|
|
| |
| — |
| |
Foreign currency translation difference |
|
|
| |
| — |
| |
Other |
|
|
| ( |
| — |
| ( |
Total comprehensive income for the period, net of tax |
|
|
| |
| ( |
| |
Attributable to equity holders of the Company |
|
|
| |
| ( |
| |
Earnings per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| — |
Earnings attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent, US$- basic |
| 6 |
| |
| ( |
| |
Earnings attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent, US$- diluted |
| 6 |
| |
| ( |
| |
41