We offer warranties to our customers depending on the specific product and terms of the customer purchase agreement. A typical warranty program requires that we repair or replace defective products within a specified time period (generally one year) measured from the date of delivery or first use. We record an estimate for future warranty-related costs based on actual historical return rates. Based on analysis of return rates and other factors, the adequacy of our warranty provisions is adjusted as necessary. The liability for warranty costs is included in Accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.


	July 31, 2025		July 31, 2024
Beginning balance at October 31	$	13,538	$	14,401
Accruals for warranties	9,796		10,841
Warranty payments	(8,482)		(11,279)
Currency effect	290		(209)
Ending balance	$	15,142	$	13,754