Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
6 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Jun. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Basis of presentation, Liquidity and Management’s Plans | Basis of presentation, Liquidity and Management’s Plans
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). U.S GAAP contemplates the continuation of the Company as a going concern. The Company has had no revenues from product sales since inception and incurred a net loss of $3,781,832 and had negative cash flows of operations totaling $1,891,263 for the six months ended June 30, 2025, and a cumulative net loss since inception totaling $29,803,961.
In management’s opinion, these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from the date of this report. The Company plans to finance future operations with proceeds from equity securities, grant awards and strategic collaborations. However, there is no assurance that the Company will be able to affect transactions on commercially reasonable terms, if at all.
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| Business Segment | Business Segment
Business segments are identified as components of an enterprise for which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and relied upon when making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. When evaluating the Company’s financial performance, the CODM reviews total revenues, total expenses, and expenses by functional classification, using this information to make decisions on a company-wide basis. The Company views its operations and manages its business in two operating segments: (i) the production and sale of premium nutritional supplements, and (ii) pharmaceutical operations focused on the development of drug candidates.
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| Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates
Preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and those estimates may be material.
The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and other assumptions, which include both quantitative and qualitative assessments that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known.
Significant estimates during the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 include valuation of share based arrangements and those related to the recognition and disclosure of income taxes.
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| Cash | Cash
The Company considers all highly liquid investments that have maturities of three months or less when acquired to be cash equivalents. From time to time, the Company has cash and cash equivalent balances in excess of the FDIC insured limit of $250,000. As of June 30, 2025 cash and cash equivalent balances in excess of the FDIC limit totaled $1,559,314.
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| Prepaid Contracts | Prepaid Contracts
Prepaid contracts are related to certain agreements for which the services are being rendered by the counterparty over the three year term of the agreement and the value of which is expensed ratably over that term. See further discussion in Note 6 - Stockholders’ Equity.
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| Research and Development | Research and Development
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Costs for certain development activities, such as clinical trials, are recognized based on an evaluation of the progress to completion of specific tasks using data such as subject enrollment, monitoring visits, clinical site activations, or information provided to us by our vendors with respect to their actual costs incurred. Payments for these activities are based on the terms of the individual arrangements, which may differ from the pattern of costs incurred, and are reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements as prepaid or accrued research and development expense, as the case may be.
JUPITER NEUROSCIENCES, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS JUNE 30, 2025
Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies, continued
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| Income Taxes | Income Taxes
The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities and the expected benefits of net operating loss carryforwards. The impact of changes in tax rates and laws on deferred taxes, if any, applied during the years in which temporary differences are expected to be settled, is reflected in the financial statements in the period of enactment. The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced, if necessary, if, based on weight of the evidence, it is more likely than not that some, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that such tax rate changes are enacted. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company concluded that a full valuation allowance is necessary for the net deferred tax assets.
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| Earnings Per Share of Common Stock |
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net loss applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share includes the effect, if any, from the potential exercise or conversion of securities, which would result in the issuance of incremental shares of common stock, using the treasury stock method, unless the effect would be anti-dilutive.
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| Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation
The grant date fair value of stock-based awards issued to employees, non-employees and members of the board of directors, determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and ratably expensed over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting term of the award. The use of the Black-Scholes option pricing model requires management to make assumptions with respect to the expected term of the option, the expected volatility of the common stock, risk-free interest rates and future dividend yields.
JUPITER NEUROSCIENCES, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS JUNE 30, 2025
Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies, continued
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| Clinical Trial Expenses | Clinical Trial Expenses
When applicable in preparing financial statements, the Company estimates clinical trial-related expenses based on contracts with vendors, clinical sites, and consultants. Because payment timing often differs from service delivery, the Company records expenses according to actual service performance and trial progression, using discussions with internal staff and external providers. Estimates are periodically adjusted as actual results become known. Accurate accruals depend on timely reporting from third-party vendors, and differences between estimated and actual expenses, though not expected to be significant, may occur.
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| Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements
The Company measures and presents financial instruments at estimated Fair Value. Fair Value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Disclosures about the fair value of financial instruments are based on pertinent information available to the Company at each reporting date.
Disclosures related to fair value are categorized in a three level hierarchy (“Fair Value Hierarchy), generally based on whether the inputs to the valuation techniques utilized to calculated fair value are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect market assumptions. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement).
The three levels of the Fair Value Hierarchy are briefly described as follows:
In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the Fair Value Hierarchy, the level in which the fair value of a financial instrument is classified is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
The carrying amounts reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value based on the short-term maturity of these instruments. The amount reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheet for note payable, related party approximates fair value as the interest rate substantially equivalent the Company’s incremental borrowing rate for an instrument with similar terms and time to maturity.
See Note 5 - Convertible Debt and Derivative Liability.
JUPITER NEUROSCIENCES, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS JUNE 30, 2025
Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies, continued
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| Derivative Instruments | Derivative Instruments
Derivative instruments measured at fair value. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the fair value of derivatives instruments recorded as assets or liabilities are recognized in earnings at each reporting period.
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| Leases | Leases
Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and related operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of future minimum lease payments over the expected term of the lease after taking into account the likelihood of renewals and extensions.at inception. In the event an implicit interest rate is not present in the lease agreement, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate at lease inception in order to determine the present value. Short term leases with an initial term of less than twelve months are expensed as incurred. |