Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Such estimates may be materially different from actual financial results. Significant estimates include the recoverability of long-lived assets, the collection of accounts receivable and valuation of inventory and reserves.

Accounts Receivable

Our ability to collect receivables is affected by economic fluctuations in the geographic areas and industries served by us. Reserves for un-collectable amounts are provided, based on past experience and a specific analysis of the accounts. Although we expect to collect amounts due, actual collections may differ from the estimated amounts. As of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, we had a reserve for potentially un-collectable accounts receivable of $95,322 and $95,322. Our policy for reserves for our long-term financing receivables is determined on a contract-by-contract basis and considers the length of the financing arrangement. As of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, we had a reserve for potentially un-collectable long-term financing receivables of $247,500 and $247,500.

7 customers accounted for approximately 100% of accounts receivable on June 30, 2025. Our trade accounts primarily represent unsecured receivables. Historically, our bad debt write-offs related to these trade accounts have been insignificant.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Assets held under capital leases are recorded at lease inception at the lower of the present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair market value of the related assets. The cost of ordinary maintenance and repairs is charged to operations. Depreciation and amortization are computed on the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives of the related assets:

SCHEDULE OF ESTIMATED USEFUL LIVES

Furniture and fixtures 3 to 5 years

Equipment 5 to 10 years

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue under ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” (“ASC 606”).

Performance Obligations Satisfied Over Time

FASB ASC 606-10-25-27 through 25-29, 25-36 through 25-37, 55-5 through 55-10

An entity transfers control of a good or service over time and satisfies a performance obligation and recognizes revenue over time if one of the following criteria is met:

a. The customer receives and consumes the benefits provided by the entity’s performance as the entity performs (as described in FASB ASC 606-10-55-5 through 55-6).

b. The entity’s performance creates or enhances an asset (for example, work in process) that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced (as described in FASB ASC 606-10-55-7).

c. The entity’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the entity (see FASB ASC 606-10-25-28), and the entity has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date (as described in FASB ASC 606-10-25-29).

Performance Obligations Satisfied at a Point in Time

FASB ASC 606-10-25-30

If a performance obligation is not satisfied over time, the performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time. To determine the point in time at which a customer obtains control of a promised asset and the entity satisfies a performance obligation, the entity should consider the guidance on control in FASB ASC 606-10-25-23 through 25-26. In addition, it should consider indicators of the transfer of control, which include, but are not limited to, the following:

a. The entity has a present right to payment for the asset

b. The customer has legal title to the asset

c. The entity has transferred physical possession of the asset

d. The customer has the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset

e. The customer has accepted the asset

The core principle of the revenue standard is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods and services transferred to the customer. In addition, a) the company also does not have an alternative use for the asset if the customer were to cancel the contract, and b) has a fully enforceable right to receive payment for work performed (i.e., customers are required to pay as various milestones and/or timeframes are met)

The following five steps are applied to achieve that core principle for our HRS and CETY Europe Divisions:

The following steps are applied to our legacy engineering and manufacturing division:

The following step is applied to our CETY HK business unit:

A principal obtains control over any one of the following (ASC 606-10-55-37A):

If the entity obtains control over one of the above before the good or service is transferred to a customer, the entity could be considered a principal.

Additionally, the above five steps are applied to achieve core principle for our CETY Renewables Division:

Because the CETY Renewables division is presently engaged in the Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) of biomass power facilities, CETY Renewables has developed a process of executing EPC Agreements with customers for this work. In contracting these engagements, CETY Renewables recognizes revenue according to accounting standards in accordance with ASC 606.

In recognizing this revenue, CETY Renewables first identifies the relevant contract with its customer according to 606-10-25-1.

Secondly, CETY identifies the performance obligations of the Parties in performance of the EPC Agreement in accordance with 606-10-25-14. At contract inception, CETY assesses the goods and services necessary to deliver the facility in accordance with its agreement with clients. The agreement specifically laid out all deliverables necessary to achieve the permitting, design, procurement, construction, and commissioning.

CETY also looks at 606-10-25-14(A). A bundle of goods or services is also present, in that CETY is delivering all work products associated with permitting, design, procurement, construction and commissioning of a commercially operable biomass power plant. A biomass power plant is a distinct bundle of goods or services, so the individual goods or services on their own do not lend themselves to a fully integrated or functional system.

CETY in accordance with 606-10-32-1, CETY reviews measurement of the performance obligations. There is no exclusion of any amount of the Contract Price due to constraints associated with 606-10-31-11 through 606-10-32-13.

In review of 606-10-32-2A, CETY did not exclude measurement from the measurement of the transaction price any taxes assessed by a government authority as no such taxes will be due.

In reviewing 606-10-32-3, CETY evaluated the nature, timing, and amount of consideration promised, and whether it impacts the estimate of the transaction price.

Finally, in identifying a single method of measuring progress for each performance obligation satisfied over time, in accordance with 606-10-25-32, CETY applies the methodology of 606-10-25-36. CETY adopted and implemented the input method for revenue recognition in accordance with ASC 606-10-25-33. The company adopts the input method for implementation. CETY recognizes revenue for performance obligations on the basis of the entity’s efforts or inputs to the satisfaction of a performance obligation per 606-10-55-20.

For CETY, the contracts with clients for the construction of biomass power plants are the basis for revenue recognition. In each separate EPC Agreement, the performance obligations include permitting, design, procurement, construction, and commissioning of the plant. All of these work products satisfy Section 606-10-25-27(b) as these work products create or enhance an asset under customer’s control. Upon delivery of the work product, the customer takes control of the work products and has full right and ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits of the assets. We recognize revenue over time, using timeline and milestone methods to measure progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation.

During the complexity and duration of the biomass power plant construction projects, CETY will recognize revenue over time, consistent with the criteria for over-time recognition under ASC 606. This approach reflects the continuous transfer of documents, permits, and the equipment over to the customer, which is characteristic of long-term construction contracts.

We have a list of appropriate measures of progress: This is based on milestones achieved, among other measures.

Given the long-term nature of the projects, CETY regularly reviews and, if necessary, updates its estimates of progress towards completion, transaction price, and the allocation of the transaction price to performance obligations.

Also, from time to time our contracts state that the customer is not obligated to pay a final payment until the units are commissioned, i.e. a final payment of 10%. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 we had $33,000 and 33,000 of deferred revenue, which is expected to be recognized in the fourth quarter of year 2025.

Also from time to time we require upfront deposits from our customers based on the contract. As of June 30,2025, and December 31, 2024 and, we had outstanding customer deposits of $82,510 and $30,061 respectively.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASC (Accounting Standards Codification) 820-10 (SFAS No. 157), “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” for financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820-10 provides a framework for measuring fair value and requires expanded disclosures regarding fair value measurements. FASB ASC 820-10 defines fair value as the price that would be received for an asset or the exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. FASB ASC 820-10 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, where available. The following summarizes the three levels of inputs required by the standard that the Company uses to measure fair value:

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash, prepaid expenses, inventory, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and convertible notes payable. The estimated fair value of cash, prepaid expenses, investments, accounts payable, accrued expenses and convertible notes payable approximate their carrying amounts due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

Change from fair value or equity method to consolidation

In July 2022, JHJ and other three shareholders agreed to form and make total capital contribution of RMB 20 million ($2.81 million) with latest contribution due date in February 2066 into Sichuan Hongzuo Shuya Energy Limited (“Shuya”), JHK owns 20% of Shuya. In August 2022, JHJ purchased 100% ownership of Sichuan Shunengwei Energy Technology Limited (“SSET”) for $0, who owns 29% of Shuya; Shunengwei is a holding company and did not have any operations nor made any capital contribution into Shuya as of the ownership purchase date by JHJ; right after the ownership purchase of SSET, JHJ ultimately owns 49% of Shuya.

Shuya was set up as the operating entity for pipeline natural gas (PNG) and compressed natural gas (CNG) trading business, while the other two shareholders of Shuya have large supply relationships.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company has determined that Shuya was not a VIE and has evaluated its consolidation analysis under the voting interest model. Because the Company does not own greater than 50% of the outstanding voting shares, either directly or indirectly, it has accounted for its investment in Shuya under the equity method of accounting. Under this method, the investor (“JHJ”) recognizes its share of the profits and losses of the investee (“Shuya”) in the periods when these profits and losses are also reflected in the accounts of the investee. Any profit or loss recognized by the investing entity appears in its income statement. Also, any recognized profit increases the investment recorded by the investing entity, while a recognized loss decreases the investment.

JHJ made a investment of RMB 3.91 million ($0.55 million) into Shuya during the 12 months ended December 31, 2022 recorded in accordance with ASC 323. Shuya had a net loss of approximately $10,750 during the year ending December 31, 2022, of which approximately $5,000 was allocated to the company, reducing the investment by that amount.

However, effective January 1, 2023, JHJ, SSEN and Chengdu Xiangyueheng Enterprise Management Co., Ltd (“Xiangyueheng), who is the 10% shareholder of Shuya, entered a Three-Parties Consistent Action Agreement, wherein these three shareholders (or three parties) will guarantee that the voting rights will be expressed in the same way at the shareholders’ meeting of Shuya to consolidate the controlling position of the three parties in Shuya. The three parties agree that within the validity period of this agreement, before the party intends to propose the motions to the shareholders or the board of directors on the major matters related to the voting rights of the shareholders or the board of directors, the three parties internally will discuss, negotiate and coordinate the motion topics for consistency; in the event of disagreement, the opinions of JHJ shall prevail.

As a result of Consistent Action Agreement, the Company re-analyzed and determined that Shuya is the variable interest entity (“VIE”) of JHJ because 1) the equity investors at risk, as a group, lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest, and 2) Shuya is structured with disproportionate voting rights, and substantially all of the activities are conducted on behalf of an investor with disproportionately few voting rights. Under ASC 810, a reporting entity has a controlling financial interest in a VIE, and must consolidate that VIE, if the reporting entity has both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly affect the VIE’s economic performance; and (b) the obligation to absorb losses, or the right to receive benefits, that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company concluded JHJ is deemed the primary beneficiary of the VIE. Accordingly, the Company consolidates Shuya effective on January 1, 2023.

The change of control interest was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, referred to as ASC, 805, Business Combinations. The management determined that the Company was the acquiror for financial accounting purposes. In identifying the Company as the accounting acquiror, the companies considered the structure of the transaction and other actions contemplated by the Three-Parties Consistent Action Agreement, relative outstanding share ownership and market values, the composition of the combined company’s board of directors, the relative size of Shuya, and the designation of certain senior management positions of the combined company.

In accordance with ASC 805, the Company recorded the acquisition based on the fair value of the consideration transferred and then allocated the purchase price to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values as of the Acquisition Date. The excess of the value of consideration transferred over the aggregate fair value of those net assets was recorded as goodwill. Any identified definite lived intangible assets will be amortized over their estimated useful lives and any identified intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and goodwill will not be amortized but will be tested for impairment at least annually. All intangible assets and goodwill will be tested for impairment when certain indicators are present. Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed requires management to use significant judgment and estimates including the selection of valuation methodologies, estimates of future revenues and cash flows, discount rates, and selection of comparable companies.

The valuation of purchase considerations was based on preliminary estimates that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances.

As the Consistent Action Agreement did not quantify any considerations to gain the control, the deemed consideration paid is the fair value of 51% non-controlling interest as of January 1, 2023. The following table summarizes the fair value of the consideration paid and the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on January 1, 2023, the acquisition date.

SCHEDULE OF FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES ACQUIRED

Under ASC-805-10-50-2, initial consolidation of an investee previously reported using fair value or the equity method should be accounted for prospectively as of the date the entity obtained a controlling financial interest. Therefore, the Company should provide pro forma information as if the consolidation had occurred as of the beginning of each of the current and prior comparative reporting period per

On January 1, 2024, and effective on the same date, JHJ, SSET and Xiangyueheng entered into the Agreement on the Termination of the Concerted Action Agreement (the “Termination Agreement”), pursuant to which the parties released each other from any and all obligations under the CAA. Due to the Termination Agreement, the Company now holds less than 50% of the voting rights in Shuya. The Company analyzed whether Shuya should be consolidated under ASC 810 and determined Shuya is no longer required to be consolidated on January 1, 2024 after the execution of the Termination Agreement. Accordingly, the Company will not consolidate Shuya into its consolidated financial statements on or after January 1, 2024.

Research and Development

We had no amounts of research and development (R&D) expense during the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024.

Share-Based Compensation

The Company has adopted the use of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment” (SFAS No. 123R) (now contained in FASB Codification Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation), which supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and its related implementation guidance and eliminates the alternative to use Opinion 25’s intrinsic value method of accounting that was provided in Statement 123 as originally issued. This Statement requires an entity to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of an equity instruments, which includes grants of stock options and stock warrants, based on the fair value of the award, measured at the grant date (with limited exceptions). Under this standard, the fair value of each award is estimated on the grant date, using an option-pricing model that meets certain requirements. We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of our equity awards, including stock options and warrants. The Black-Scholes model meets the requirements of SFAS No. 123R; however, the fair values generated may not reflect their actual fair values, as it does not consider certain factors, such as vesting requirements, employee attrition and transferability limitations. The Black-Scholes model valuation is affected by our stock price and a number of assumptions, including expected volatility, expected life, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. We estimate the expected volatility and estimated life of our stock options at grant date based on historical volatility. For the “risk-free interest rate,” we use the Constant Maturity Treasury rate on 90-day government securities. The term is equal to the time until the option expires. The dividend yield is not applicable, as the Company has not paid any dividends, nor do we anticipate paying them in the foreseeable future. The fair value of our restricted stock is based on the market value of our free trading common stock, on the grant date calculated using a 20-trading-day average. At the time of grant, the share-based compensation expense is recognized in our financial statements based on awards that are ultimately expected to vest using historical employee attrition rates and the expense is reduced accordingly. It is also adjusted to account for the restricted and thinly traded nature of the shares. The expense is reviewed and adjusted in subsequent periods if actual attrition differs from those estimates.

We re-evaluate the assumptions used to value our share-based awards on a quarterly basis and, if changes warrant different assumptions, the share-based compensation expense could vary significantly from the amount expensed in the past. We may be required to adjust any remaining share-based compensation expense, based on any additions, cancellations or adjustments to the share-based awards. The expense is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award—the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). No compensation cost is recognized for equity instruments for which employees do not render the requisite service.

Income Taxes

Federal Income taxes are not currently due since we have had losses since inception of Clean Energy Technologies.

On December 22, 2018 H.R. 1, originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, (the “Tax Act”) was enacted. Among the significant changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Tax Act lowers the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate (“Federal Tax Rate”) from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The Company will compute its income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 using a Federal Tax Rate of 21% and an estimated state of California rate of 9%.

Income taxes are provided based upon the liability method of accounting pursuant to ASC 740-10-25 Income Taxes – Recognition. Under this approach, deferred income taxes are recorded to reflect the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year-end. A valuation allowance is recorded against deferred tax assets if management does not believe the Company has met the “more likely than not” standard required by ASC 740-10-25-5.

Deferred income tax amounts reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax reporting purposes.

As of December 31, 2024, we had a net operating loss carry-forward of approximately $35,053,173 and a deferred tax asset of $8,189,863 using the statutory rate of 30%. The deferred tax asset may be recognized in future periods, not to exceed 20 years. However, due to the uncertainty of future events we have booked valuation allowance of $(8,281,784). FASB ASC 740 prescribes recognition threshold and measurement attributes for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FASB ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. At December 31, 2024 the Company did not take any tax positions that would require disclosure under FASB ASC 740.

On February 13, 2018, Clean Energy Technologies, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Registrant” or “Corporation”) entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (“Stock Purchase Agreement”) by and between MGW Investment I Limited (“MGWI”) and the Corporation. The Corporation received $907,388 in exchange for the issuance of 302,462,667 restricted shares of the Corporation’s common stock, par value $.001 per share (the “Common Stock”).

On February 13, 2018, the Corporation and Confections Ventures Limited. (“CVL”) entered into a Convertible Note Purchase Agreement (the “Convertible Note Purchase Agreement,” together with the Stock Purchase Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereunder, the “Financing”) pursuant to which the Corporation issued to CVL a convertible promissory Note (the “CVL Note”) in the principal amount of $939,500 with an interest rate of 10% per annum and a maturity date of February 13, 2020. The CVL Note is convertible into shares of Common Stock at $0.12 per share, as adjusted as provided therein. This note was assigned to MGW Investments.

This resulted in a change in control, which limited the net operating to that date forward. We are subject to taxation in the U.S. and the states of California. Further, the Company currently has no open tax years’ subject to audit prior to December 31, 2015. The Company is current on its federal and state tax returns.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Deferred Stock Issuance Costs

Deferred stock issuance costs represent amounts paid for legal, consulting, and other offering expenses in conjunction with the future raising of additional capital to be performed within one year. These costs are netted against additional paid-in capital as a cost of the stock issuance upon closing of the respective stock placement. During the quarter ended June 30, 2025 no stock issuance costs were capitalized.