Exhibit 2.1

EXECUTION COPY

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

by and among

WORKHORSE GROUP INC.,

OMAHA INTERMEDIATE 2, INC.,

OMAHA INTERMEDIATE, INC.,

OMAHA MERGER SUBSIDIARY, INC.

and

MOTIV POWER SYSTEMS, INC.

Dated as of August 15, 2025

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Exhibit A – FIRPTA Certificate

Exhibit B – Form of Company Support Agreement

Exhibit C – Form of Parachute Payment Cutback Agreement

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this “Agreement”), dated as of August 15, 2025, by and among Workhorse Group Inc., a Nevada corporation (“Parent”), Omaha Intermediate 2, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Intermediate Parent”), Omaha Intermediate, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Intermediate”), Omaha Merger Subsidiary, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Merger Sub”), and Motiv Power Systems, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”).

RECITALS

WHEREAS, Parent and the Company intend to effect a merger of Merger Sub with and into the Company (the “Merger”) in accordance with this Agreement and the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”). Upon consummation of the Merger, Merger Sub will cease to exist and the Company will become a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Intermediate and an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent;

WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Company Board”) has (i) determined that the transactions contemplated hereby are fair to, advisable and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders, (ii) approved and declared advisable this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and (iii) determined to recommend, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, that the stockholders of the Company vote to adopt this Agreement and thereby approve the transactions contemplated hereby;

WHEREAS, the Company Board has approved this Agreement and the Merger, with the Company continuing as the Surviving Company (as defined below), after the Effective Time (as defined below), pursuant to which each share of Company Capital Stock shall be converted into the right to receive a number of shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of Parent (the “Parent Common Stock”) equal to its applicable portion, if any, of the Capital Stock Merger Consideration, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement;

WHEREAS, Intermediate Parent is a newly incorporated Delaware corporation that is wholly-owned by Parent, Intermediate is a newly incorporated Delaware corporation that is wholly-owned by Intermediate Parent and Merger Sub is a newly incorporated Delaware corporation that is wholly-owned by Intermediate that has been formed for the sole purpose of effecting the Merger;

WHEREAS, effective as of the Closing, the certificate of incorporation of Parent shall be amended in a form to be mutually agreed to by Parent and the Company (the “Parent Charter Amendment”);

WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of Parent (the “Parent Board”) has (i) determined that the transactions contemplated hereby are fair to, advisable and in the best interests of Parent and its stockholders, (ii) approved and declared advisable this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the issuance of shares of Parent Common Stock to the debtholder(s) and stockholders of the Company pursuant to this Agreement, (iii) determined and declared that the Charter Amendment Proposal is advisable and in the best interests of Parent and its stockholders, (iv) determined and declared that the Reverse Stock Split Proposal is advisable and in the best interests of Parent and its stockholders, (v) determined to recommend, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, that the stockholders of Parent vote to authorize the issuance of the Parent Common Stock in accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635 (the “Nasdaq Issuance Proposal”), (vi) determined to recommend, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, that the stockholders of Parent vote to authorize the increase in the total authorized shares for issuance under the Parent 2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan to an amount that is mutually agreed by Parent and the Company (the “Equity Plan Proposal”), (vii) determined to recommend, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, as promptly as practicable after the form thereof is mutually agreed to by Parent and the Company, that the stockholders of Parent vote to approve an amendment to Parent’s articles of incorporation in the form of the Parent Charter Amendment (the “Charter Amendment Proposal”), and (viii) determined to recommend, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, as promptly as practicable after the terms thereof are mutually agreed by Parent and the Company, that the stockholders of Parent vote to approve the Reverse Stock Split (the “Reverse Stock Split Proposal”);

WHEREAS, the board of directors of each of Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub has (i) determined that the transactions contemplated hereby are fair to, advisable and in the best interests of Merger Sub and its sole stockholder (Intermediate), Intermediate and its sole stockholder (Intermediate Parent) and Intermediate Parent and its sole stockholder (Parent), (ii) approved and declared advisable this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and (iii) determined to recommend, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, that each of Parent, as the stockholder of Intermediate Parent, Intermediate Parent, as the stockholder of Intermediate, and Intermediate, as the stockholder of Merger Sub, votes to adopt this Agreement and thereby approve the transactions contemplated hereby;

WHEREAS, Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub and the Company each desire to make certain representations, warranties, covenants and agreements in connection with the Merger and also to prescribe certain conditions to the Merger as specified herein;

WHEREAS, concurrently with and as a condition to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Parent, Workhorse Motor Works Inc (“Parent Property Sub”) and Mango Workhorse LLC have executed a sale and leaseback transaction (the “Sale and Leaseback Transaction”), pursuant to which Parent Property Sub sold its Union City, Indiana manufacturing facility and campus (the “Property”) to Mango Workhorse LLC, and Parent subsequently leased back the Property from Mango Workhorse LLC;

WHEREAS, concurrently with and as a condition to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Parent used certain of the proceeds from the Sale and Leaseback Transaction to repurchase and retire certain then-outstanding indebtedness and warrants of Parent from the holders thereof (collectively, the “Parent Lenders”) pursuant to those refinancing agreements by and between Parent and the Parent Lenders of even date herewith (the “Parent Refinancing Agreements”);

WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Parent and Motive GM Holdings II LLC have executed a convertible note in Parent (the “Convertible Financing”);

WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and as a condition and inducement of Parent’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, the stockholders of the Company listed on Section A of the Company Disclosure Letter have entered into the Company Support Agreement, dated as of the date of this Agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Company Support Agreement”), pursuant to which such stockholders have, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, agreed to vote all of their respective shares of Company Capital Stock in favor of the adoption of this Agreement and thereby approve the transactions contemplated hereby; and

WHEREAS, it is expected that concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the stockholders of the Company will execute an action by written consent by the holders of (i) at least a majority of the voting power of outstanding shares of Company Capital Stock, and (ii) at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Company Preferred Stock, approving and adopting this Agreement (collectively, subclauses (i) and (ii), the “Company Stockholder Approval”).

AGREEMENT

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, and of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained herein, and intending to be legally bound hereby, Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub and the Company hereby agree as follows:

Article I
DEFINITIONS & INTERPRETATIONS

Section 1.1 Certain Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement:

(a) “Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement” means a confidentiality agreement containing terms not materially less restrictive in the aggregate to the counterparty thereto than the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement, except such confidentiality agreement need not contain any standstill, non-solicitation or no hire provisions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Person who has previously entered into a confidentiality agreement with Parent relating to a potential Acquisition Proposal on terms that are not materially less restrictive than the Confidentiality Agreement with respect to the scope of coverage and restrictions on disclosure and use shall not be required to enter into a new or revised confidentiality agreement, and such existing confidentiality agreement shall be deemed to be an Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement.

(b) “Acquisition Inquiry” means, with respect to a party, an inquiry, indication of interest or request for information (other than an inquiry, indication of interest or request for information made or submitted by the Company, on the one hand, or Parent, on the other hand, to the other party) that could reasonably be expected to lead to an Acquisition Proposal.

(c) “Acquisition Proposal” means, with respect to either Parent or the Company, any proposal or offer from any Person (other than Parent or the Company, as applicable, or their respective Representatives) providing for an Acquisition Transaction.

(d) “Acquisition Transaction” means any transaction or series of related transactions (other than the Convertible Financing) involving:

(i) any merger, consolidation, amalgamation, share exchange, business combination, issuance of securities, acquisition of securities, reorganization, recapitalization, tender offer, exchange offer or other similar transaction: (A) in which a party is a constituent entity, (B) in which a Person or “group” (as defined in the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder) of Persons directly or indirectly acquires beneficial or record ownership of securities representing more than 20% of the outstanding securities of any class of voting securities of a party or any of its Subsidiaries or (C) in which a party or any of its Subsidiaries issues securities representing more than 20% of the outstanding securities of any class of voting securities of such party or any of its Subsidiaries; or

(ii) any sale, lease, exchange, transfer, license, acquisition or disposition of any business or businesses or assets that constitute or account for 20% or more of the consolidated book value of the fair market value of the assets of a party and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.

(e) “Affiliate” of any Person means any other Person that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such first Person.

(f)   “Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by applicable Law to be closed.

(g) “Company 2010 Equity Incentive Plan” means the Company’s 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended.

(h) “Company 2020 Equity Incentive Plan” means the Company’s 2020 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended.

(i) “Company Adjustment Amount” means the quotient of (a) the Company Equity Value, divided by (b) the sum of (i) the Company Equity Value, plus (ii) the Parent Equity Value.

(j) “Company Capitalization Representations” means each of the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Section 4.2(a).

(k) “Company Capital Stock” means the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock and Company Preferred Stock.

(l) “Company Charter” means the Company’s Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, dated as of June 14, 2024, as amended by that First Certificate of Amendment of Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, dated as of October 3, 2024.

(m)   “Company Common Stock” means the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company with a par value per share of $0.001.

(n) “Company Equity Incentive Plans” means the Company 2010 Equity Incentive Plan and the Company 2020 Equity Incentive Plan.

(o) “Company Equity Value” means the sum of, as determined pursuant to Section 7.16, (a) $50,000,000, minus (b) any undisclosed liability outside of the ordinary course of business of the Company greater than $500,000 individually or in the aggregate that arises or is disclosed after the date hereof and prior to Closing (which for the sake of clarity shall not include Transaction Expenses).

(p) “Company Fundamental Representations” means each of the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Section 4.1, Section 4.2, Section 4.3, Section 4.4, Section 4.5(a), and Section 4.23.

(q) “Company Indebtedness” means, with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries, as of any time, without duplication, (i) all indebtedness for borrowed money of the Company or indebtedness issued by such Person in substitution or exchange for borrowed money, (ii) indebtedness evidenced by any note, bond, debenture or other debt security, in each case, as of such time of the Company, and (iii) all interest rate and currency swaps, caps, collars and similar agreements or hedging devices under which payments are obligated to be made by the Company, (iv) any premiums, prepayment fees or other penalties, fees, costs or expenses associated with payment of any indebtedness of the Company, and (v) all obligations of the Company for the reimbursement of any obligor on any line or letter of credit, banker’s acceptance, guarantee or similar credit transaction, in each case, to the extent drawn or claimed against. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the parties expressly acknowledge and agree that the Debt Financing Agreement will not constitute Company Indebtedness for purposes hereunder.

(r)   “Company Indebtedness Merger Shares” means, the number of shares of Parent Common Stock (rounded up to the nearest whole share) to be issued to satisfy and cancel the Company Indebtedness as of the Closing Date pursuant to Section 7.16(a), which shall be a number of shares of Parent Common Stock equal to the Company Merger Shares; provided, however, that if the fair market value of the Company Merger Shares is greater than the Company Indebtedness as of the Closing Date, the Company Indebtedness Merger Shares issuable in satisfaction of the Company Indebtedness shall be reduced to that number of shares of Company Merger Shares sufficient to satisfy and cancel the full value of the Company Indebtedness, with the balance of the Company Merger Shares then to be issued to holders of Company Capital Stock pursuant to Section 3.1(a)(i) (such balance, the “Company Merger Shares Post-Payment of Company Indebtedness”).

(s)   “Company Merger Shares” means product determined by multiplying (a) the quotient obtained by dividing (i) the Parent Outstanding Shares by (ii) the Parent Adjustment Amount, by (b) the Company Adjustment Amount.

(t) “Company Options” means options or other rights to purchase shares of Company Common Stock issued by the Company.

(u) “Company Owned IP” means all Intellectual Property owned by the Company and its Subsidiaries in whole or in part.

(v) “Company Preferred Stock” means the outstanding shares of preferred stock of the Company with a par value per share of $0.001, including, for the avoidance of doubt, the Company Series A Preferred Stock.

(w)   “Company Series A Preferred Stock” means the outstanding shares of Company Preferred Stock designated as Series A Preferred Stock.

(x) “Company Triggering Event” shall be deemed to have occurred if: (i) the Company Board shall have approved, endorsed or recommended any Acquisition Proposal, (ii) the Company Board shall have made a Company Board Adverse Recommendation Change, or (iii) the Company shall have entered into any letter of intent or similar document or any Contract relating to any Acquisition Proposal (other than an Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement permitted pursuant to Section 6.4).

(y) “Company Warrant” means each warrant to purchase Company Capital Stock.

(z) “Confidentiality Agreement” means that certain mutual non-disclosure agreement, dated as of March 20, 2025, between the Company and Parent.

(aa) “control” (including the terms “controlled,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.

(bb) “Intellectual Property” means all intellectual property rights of any kind or nature in any jurisdiction throughout the world, including all of the following to the extent protected by applicable law: (i) trademarks or service marks (whether registered or unregistered), trade names, domain names, social media user names, social media addresses, logos, slogans, and trade dress, including applications to register any of the foregoing, together with the goodwill symbolized by any of the foregoing; (ii) patents, utility models and any similar or equivalent statutory rights with respect to the protection of inventions, and all applications for any of the foregoing, together with all re-issuances, continuations, continuations-in-part, divisionals, revisions, extensions and reexaminations thereof; (iii) copyrights (registered and unregistered) and applications for registration; (iv) trade secrets and customer lists, in each case to the extent any of the foregoing derives economic value (actual or potential) from not being generally known to other Persons who can obtain economic value from its disclosure or use, and other confidential information (“Trade Secrets”); and (v) any other proprietary or intellectual property rights of any kind or nature.

(cc) “knowledge” means, with respect to (i) the Company, the actual knowledge of those individuals set forth in Section 1.1(cc) of the Company Disclosure Letter after reasonable inquiry of such individual’s direct reports regarding the matter at issue and (ii) Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub, the actual knowledge of those individuals set forth in Section 1.1(cc) of the Parent Disclosure Letter after reasonable inquiry of such individual’s direct reports regarding the matter at issue. With respect to Intellectual Property, “knowledge” or “known” does not require the Company or Parent, as applicable, to conduct, have conducted, obtain, have obtained, review or have reviewed any freedom-to-operate opinions or similar opinions of counsel or any patent, trademark or other Intellectual Property clearance searches or search for or review any prior art.

(dd) “Nasdaq” means the Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC.

(ee) “Nasdaq Reverse Stock Split” means a reverse stock split of all issued and outstanding shares, or all of the authorized and issued and outstanding shares, as applicable, of Parent Common Stock at a reverse stock split ratio as mutually agreed to by Parent and the Company that is effected by Parent for the purpose of maintaining compliance with Nasdaq continued listing standards or for the purpose of complying with Nasdaq initial listing standards.

(ff) “Parent 2017 Incentive Stock Plan” means Parent’s 2017 Incentive Stock Plan, as amended.

(gg) “Parent 2019 Stock Plan” means Parent’s 2019 Stock Plan, as amended.

(hh) “Parent 2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan” means Parent’s 2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended.

(ii) “Parent Adjustment Amount” means the quotient of (a) the Parent Equity Value, divided by (b) the sum of (i) the Company Equity Value, plus (ii) the Parent Equity Value.

(jj) “Parent Capitalization Representations” means the representations and warranties of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub set forth in Section 5.2(a).

(kk) “Parent Equity Plans” means the Parent 2017 Incentive Stock Plan, the Parent 2019 Stock Plan and the Parent 2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

(ll) “Parent Equity Value” means the sum of, as determined pursuant to Section 7.16, (a) $30,000,000, minus (b) any undisclosed liability outside of the ordinary course of business of Parent greater than $500,000 individually or in the aggregate that arises or is disclosed after the date hereof and prior to Closing (which for the sake of clarity shall not include Transaction Expenses).

(mm)   “Parent Fundamental Representations” means each of the representations and warranties of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub set forth in Section 5.1(a), Section 5.1(b), Section 5.2, Section 5.3, Section 5.4, Section 5.5(a), Section 5.6(i), Section 5.21 and Section 5.23.

(nn) “Parent Indebtedness” means, with respect to Parent as of any time, without duplication, (i) all indebtedness for borrowed money of Parent or indebtedness issued by such Person in substitution or exchange for borrowed money, (ii) indebtedness evidenced by any note, bond, debenture or other debt security, in each case, as of such time of Parent, and (iii) all interest rate and currency swaps, caps, collars and similar agreements or hedging devices under which payments are obligated to be made by Parent, (iv) any premiums, prepayment fees or other penalties, fees, costs or expenses associated with payment of any indebtedness of Parent, and (v) all obligations of Parent for the reimbursement of any obligor on any line or letter of credit, banker’s acceptance, guarantee or similar credit transaction, in each case, to the extent drawn or claimed against. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, “Parent Indebtedness” shall not include the Convertible Financing or the Debt Financing Agreement, or any item that would otherwise constitute “Parent Indebtedness” that is an obligation between Parent and any wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent or between any two or more wholly owned Subsidiaries of Parent.

(oo) “Parent Outstanding Shares” means the total number of shares of Parent Common Stock outstanding on a fully diluted basis immediately prior to the Effective Time (including, without limitation, taking into account the effects of the Nasdaq Reverse Stock Split). For clarity, (i) all shares issued to, or that may be issuable to, the Parent Lenders pursuant to existing agreements with the Parent Lenders or the Parent Refinancing Agreements and (ii) all outstanding Parent Options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, warrants, conversion rights, exchange rights or any other rights to receive shares of Parent Common Stock, assuming their exercise, conversion, or exchange, as applicable, which exist or are reserved for issuance by Parent shall be included in the total number of shares of Parent Common Stock for purposes of determining the Parent Outstanding Shares, to the extent not terminated prior to the Closing, and no shares issuable in connection with the Convertible Financing shall be included in the Parent Outstanding Shares.

(pp) “Parent Owned IP” means all Intellectual Property owned by Parent and its Subsidiaries, in whole or in part.

(qq) “Parent Restricted Stock Awards” means each award with respect to a share of Parent Common Stock outstanding under any Parent Plan subject to risk of forfeiture or repurchase by Parent.

(rr) “Parent Triggering Event” shall be deemed to have occurred if: (i) Parent shall have failed to include in the Proxy Statement the Parent Board Recommendation, (ii) the Parent Board or any committee thereof shall have made a Parent Board Adverse Recommendation Change or approved, endorsed or recommended any Acquisition Proposal or (iii) Parent shall have entered into any letter of intent or similar document or any Contract relating to any Acquisition Proposal (other than an Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement permitted pursuant to Section 6.4).

(ss)   “Permitted Parent Liens” means (i) Liens for Taxes and assessments not yet delinquent or the amount or validity of which is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, (ii) mechanics’, workmen’s, repairmen’s, warehousemen’s and carriers’ Liens arising in the ordinary course of business of the Company consistent with past practice and (iii) Liens disclosed in the Parent SEC Documents.

(tt) “Person” means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, trust or other entity or organization, including any Governmental Entity.

(uu) “Proxy Statement” means the proxy statement to be sent to Parent’s stockholders in connection with the Parent Stockholder Meeting, as may be amended or supplemented.

(vv) “Representative” means a party’s directors, officers, employees, investment bankers, financial advisors, attorneys, accountants or other advisors, agents or representatives.

(ww) “SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

(xx) “Subsequent Transaction” means any Acquisition Transaction (with all references to 20% in the definition of Acquisition Transaction being treated as references to 50% for these purposes).

(yy) “Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person of which stock or other equity interests having ordinary voting power to elect more than 50% of the board of directors or other governing body are owned, directly or indirectly, by such first Person.

(zz) “Superior Offer” means an unsolicited bona fide written Acquisition Proposal (with all references to 20% in the definition of Acquisition Transaction being treated as references to 50% for these purposes) that: (i) was not obtained or made as a direct or indirect result of a breach of (or in violation of) this Agreement and (ii) is on terms and conditions that the Parent Board or the Company Board, as applicable, determines in good faith, based on such matters that it deems relevant (including the likelihood of consummation thereof and the financing terms thereof), as well as any written offer by the other party to this Agreement to amend the terms of the Agreement, and following consultation with its outside legal counsel and financial advisors, if any, are more favorable, from a financial point of view, to Parent’s stockholders or the Company’s stockholders, as applicable, than the terms of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(aaa)   “Tax Return” means any return, declaration, report, certificate, bill, election, claim for refund, information return, statement or other written information and any other document filed or supplied or required to be filed or supplied to (or as directed by) any Governmental Entity or any other Person with respect to Taxes, including any schedule, attachment or supplement thereto, and including any amendment thereof.

(bbb) “Taxes” means all U.S. federal, state and local and non-U.S. net income, gross income, gross receipts, sales, use, stock, ad valorem, transfer, transaction, franchise, profits, gains, registration, license, wages, lease, service, service use, employee and other withholding, imputed underpayment, social security, unemployment, welfare, disability, payroll, employment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, workers’ compensation, premium, real property, personal property, escheat or unclaimed property, windfall profits, net worth, capital, value-added, alternative or add-on minimum, customs duties, estimated and other taxes, fees, assessments, charges or levies in the nature of a Tax (whether imposed, assessed, determined, administered, enforced or collected directly or through withholding and including taxes of any third party in respect of which a Person may have a duty to collect or withhold and remit and any amounts resulting from the failure to file any Tax Return), whether disputed or not, together with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax or additional amounts with respect thereto (or attributable to the nonpayment thereof).

(ccc)   “Transaction Expenses” means the aggregate amount (without duplication) of all costs, fees and expenses incurred by third party service providers of the Company or Parent, as applicable, for services rendered to the Company or Parent, as applicable, in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

Section 1.2 Interpretation. When a reference is made in this Agreement to a Section, Article, Exhibit or Schedule such reference shall be to a Section, Article, Exhibit or Schedule of this Agreement unless otherwise indicated. The table of contents and headings contained in this Agreement or in any Exhibit or Schedule are for convenience of reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. All words used in this Agreement will be construed to be of such gender or number as the circumstances require. Any capitalized terms used in any Exhibit or Schedule but not otherwise defined therein shall have the meaning as defined in this Agreement. All Exhibits and Schedules annexed hereto or referred to herein are hereby incorporated in and made a part of this Agreement as if set forth herein. The word “including” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement will mean “including, without limitation,” unless otherwise specified. The words “hereof,” “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to the Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision in this Agreement. The term “or” is not exclusive. The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall.” References to days mean calendar days unless otherwise specified.

Section 1.3 Currency. All references to “dollars” or “$” or “US$” in this Agreement refer to United States dollars, which is the currency used for all purposes in this Agreement.

Article II
THE MERGER

Section 2.1 Formation of Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub. Parent has caused each of Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub to be organized under the laws of the State of Delaware.

Section 2.2 The Merger. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement and in accordance with the DGCL, at the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company. Following the Merger, the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease, and the Company shall continue as the surviving company of the Merger (the “Surviving Company”) and a wholly-owned, direct subsidiary of Intermediate.

Section 2.3 Closing. Unless this Agreement is earlier terminated pursuant to the provisions of Article IX, and subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Article VIII, the consummation of the Merger (the “Closing”) shall take place remotely by the electronic exchange of documents, as promptly as practicable (but in no event later than the second Business Day following the satisfaction or waiver of the last to be satisfied or waived of the conditions set forth in Article VIII, other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver of each of such conditions), unless another time, date and place is mutually agreed upon by Parent and the Company in writing. The date on which the Closing actually takes place is referred to as the “Closing Date.”

Section 2.4 Effective Time. Upon the terms and subject to the provisions of this Agreement, at the Closing, the parties shall cause the Merger to be consummated by executing and filing a certificate of merger with respect to the Merger (the “Certificate of Merger”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “Delaware Secretary of State”), in such form as is required by, and executed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the DGCL. The Merger shall become effective at such time as the Certificate of Merger is duly filed with the Delaware Secretary of State or at such other time as Parent and the Company shall agree in writing and shall specify in the Certificate of Merger (the time the Merger becomes effective being the “Effective Time”).

Section 2.5 Effects of the Merger. At and after the Effective Time, the Merger shall have the effects set forth in this Agreement and in the relevant provisions of the DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time, all the property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Company, and all debts, liabilities and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of the Surviving Company.

Section 2.6 Parent Governance.

(a) Parent Certificate of Incorporation. At the Effective Time, the certificate of incorporation of Parent shall be amended in the form of the Parent Charter Amendment by filing the Parent Charter Amendment with the Secretary of State of Nevada, until thereafter amended in accordance with its terms and as provided by applicable Law.

(b) Parent Bylaws. The Bylaws of Parent shall remain in effect as of and following the Effective Time, until thereafter amended in accordance with their terms and as provided by applicable Law.

(c) Board of Directors. The parties shall take all action necessary (including, to the extent necessary, removing and/or procuring the resignation of any directors on the Parent Board immediately prior to the Effective Time) so that, as of the Effective Time, the number of directors that comprise the full Board of Directors of Parent shall be seven (7) (or such other number of directors as Parent and the Company may mutually agree), and such Board of Directors shall upon the Effective Time initially consist of the Persons determined in accordance with Section 2.6(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter.

(d) Parent Officers. The parties shall take all action necessary (including, to the extent necessary, procuring the resignation or removal of any officers of Parent immediately prior to the Effective Time) so that, as of the Effective Time, Parent’s officers shall initially consist of the persons designated by the Company prior to the Effective Time.

Section 2.7 Surviving Company Governance.

(a) Surviving Company Certificate of Incorporation. At the Effective Time, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Company shall, by virtue of the Merger and without any further action, be amended and restated to read in its entirety as set forth in an exhibit to the Certificate of Merger, and, as so amended and restated, shall be the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Company until thereafter amended in accordance with applicable Law.

(b) Surviving Company Bylaws. At the Effective Time, the Bylaws of the Surviving Company shall be amended and restated to read in their entirety as the Bylaws of Merger Sub as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time (except that references to the name of Merger Sub shall be replaced with references to the name of the Surviving Company), and, as so amended and restated, shall be the Bylaws of the Surviving Company until thereafter amended in accordance with applicable Law.

(c) Surviving Company Directors. The directors of Parent immediately following the Effective Time shall be the directors of the Surviving Company until the earlier of their resignation or removal or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified.

(d) Surviving Company Officers. The officers of Parent immediately following the Effective Time shall be the officers of the Surviving Company until the earlier of their resignation or removal or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified.

Article III
EFFECT ON THE CAPITAL STOCK OF THE CONSTITUENT COMPANIES; EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES

Section 3.1 Treatment of Capital Stock.

(a) At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub, the Company or the holders of any shares of capital stock of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub or the Company:

(i) Subject to Section 3.3(f), if there is Merger Consideration remaining to be paid after Parent has satisfied the payment of the Company Indebtedness Merger Consideration, each share of Company Capital Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than any Excluded Shares or Dissenting Shares) shall be converted into and become exchangeable for the right to receive its allocation of the Company Merger Shares Post-Payment of Company Indebtedness as determined in accordance with the Company Charter (the “Capital Stock Merger Consideration”). As of the Effective Time, all such shares of Company Capital Stock shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and shall thereafter only represent the right to receive the Capital Stock Merger Consideration. For the sake of clarity and avoidance of doubt, the Capital Stock Merger Consideration may equal $0.00 and the applicable Company Capital Stock may be cancelled for no consideration as of the Effective Time.

(ii) At the Effective Time, each share of Parent Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall remain outstanding. Immediately following the Effective Time, shares of Parent Common Stock, if any, owned by the Surviving Company shall be surrendered to Parent without payment therefor.

(iii) Each share of Company Capital Stock held in the treasury of the Company or owned, directly or indirectly, by Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub or any Subsidiary of the Company or Parent immediately prior to the Effective Time (collectively, “Excluded Shares”) shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor.

(iv)   Each share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into and become one validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Surviving Company.

Section 3.2 Treatment of Company Options and Warrants. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub, the Company or any other Person, each Company Option and Company Warrant that is outstanding and unexercised immediately prior to the Effective Time shall automatically be terminated and cancelled without the payment of any consideration therefor, including any present or future right to receive any portion of the Merger Consideration. The Company shall, prior to the Effective Time, take all actions necessary or desirable in connection with the treatment of Company Options and Company Warrants contemplated by this Section 3.2.

Section 3.3 Exchange and Payment.

(a) Parent shall issue and deposit (or cause to be deposited) with a bank or trust company designated by Parent (the “Exchange Agent”), in trust for the benefit of holders of shares of Company Capital Stock immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than holders to the extent they hold Excluded Shares or Dissenting Shares), book-entry shares representing the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable pursuant to Section 3.1(a)(i). In addition, Parent shall make available by depositing with the Exchange Agent, as necessary from time to time after the Effective Time any dividends or other distributions payable pursuant to Section 3.3(d). All book-entry shares representing shares of Parent Common Stock, and any dividends or other distributions deposited with the Exchange Agent are hereinafter referred to as the “Exchange Fund.”

(b) If there is any Capital Stock Merger Consideration payable, then, within ten (10) Business Days after the Effective Time, the parties shall cause the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of record of Company Capital Stock as of immediately prior to the Effective Time (i) a form of letter of transmittal (which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to shares of Company Capital Stock shall pass, only upon delivery of the completed letter of transmittal to the Exchange Agent, and which letter shall be in customary form and contain such other provisions as Parent or the Exchange Agent may reasonably specify) and (ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of any such share of Company Capital Stock in exchange for the Capital Stock Merger Consideration (together with any dividends or other distributions payable pursuant to Section 3.3(d)). Upon submission of a completed letter of transmittal to the Exchange Agent, duly completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions thereto, and such other documents as the Exchange Agent may reasonably require, the applicable holder of Company Capital Stock shall be entitled to receive in exchange for its shares of Company Capital Stock so surrendered pursuant to the completed letter of transmittal (other than Excluded Shares or Dissenting Shares) (A) that number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock (after taking into account all shares of Company Capital Stock then held by such holder) to which such holder of Company Capital Stock shall have become entitled pursuant to Section 3.1(a)(i) (which shall be in uncertificated book-entry form), and (B) any dividends or other distributions payable pursuant to Section 3.3(d). No interest will be paid or accrued on any unpaid dividends and distributions, if any, payable to holders of shares of Company Capital Stock. Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 3.3, each share of Company Capital Stock shall be deemed after the Effective Time to represent only the right to receive the Capital Stock Merger Consideration payable in respect thereof (together with any dividends or other distributions payable pursuant to Section 3.3(d)).

(c) If payment of the Capital Stock Merger Consideration is to be made to a Person other than the Person in whose name the share of Capital Stock is registered, it shall be a condition of payment that such share of Capital Stock so surrendered shall be properly endorsed or shall be otherwise in proper form for transfer and that the Person requesting such payment shall have paid any transfer and other Taxes required by reason of the payment of the Capital Stock Merger Consideration to a Person other than the registered holder of such share of Capital Stock or shall have established to the satisfaction of Parent that such Tax is not applicable.

(d) No dividends or other distributions with respect to Parent Common Stock with a record date after the Effective Time shall be paid to the holder of any Company Capital Stock with respect to the shares of Parent Common Stock that the holder thereof has the right to receive upon the surrender thereof until the holder thereof shall surrender such Company Capital Stock in accordance with this Article III. Following the submission of an executed letter of transmittal in accordance with this Article III, there shall be paid to the record holder thereof, without interest, (A) promptly after such surrender, the amount of any dividends or other distributions with a record date after the Effective Time theretofore paid with respect to such whole shares of Parent Common Stock, and (B) at the appropriate payment date, the amount of dividends or other distributions with a record date after the Effective Time but prior to such surrender and a payment date subsequent to such surrender payable with respect to such whole shares of Parent Common Stock.

(e) The Capital Stock Merger Consideration (together with any dividends or other distributions payable pursuant to Section 3.3(d)) shall be deemed to have been issued and paid in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to the shares of Company Capital Stock. At the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed and there shall be no further registration of transfers of the shares of Company Capital Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time.

(f)   No fractional shares of Parent Common Stock shall be issued in connection with the Merger, and no certificates or scrip for any such fractional shares shall be issued, with no cash being paid for any fractional share eliminated by such rounding.

(g) Any portion of the Exchange Fund that remains undistributed to the holders of Company Capital Stock six months after the Effective Time shall be delivered to the Surviving Company, upon demand, and any remaining holders of Company Capital Stock (except to the extent representing Excluded Shares or Dissenting Shares) shall thereafter look only to the Surviving Company, as general creditors thereof, for payment of the Capital Stock Merger Consideration (together with any dividends or other distributions payable pursuant to Section 3.3(d)) (subject to abandoned property, escheat or other similar laws), without interest.

(h) None of Parent, the Surviving Company, the Exchange Agent or any other Person shall be liable to any Person in respect of shares of Parent Common Stock, dividends or other distributions with respect thereto properly delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Law. If any Company Capital Stock shall not have been exchanged prior to two years after the Effective Time (or immediately prior to such earlier date on which the related Capital Stock Merger Consideration (and all dividends or other distributions with respect to shares of Parent Common Stock) would otherwise escheat to or become the property of any Governmental Entity), any such Capital Stock Merger Consideration (and such dividends, distributions and cash) in respect thereof shall, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, become the property of the Surviving Company, free and clear of all claims or interest of any Person previously entitled thereto.

(i) The Exchange Agent shall invest any cash included in the Exchange Fund as directed by Parent on a daily basis. Any interest and other income resulting from such investments shall be paid to Parent.

(j) If any certificate representing Company Capital Stock shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Parent, of that fact by the Person claiming such certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed, then not earlier than the day after the Closing Date, the Exchange Agent will deliver in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate the Capital Stock Merger Consideration payable in respect thereof (together with any dividends or other distributions payable pursuant to Section 3.3(d)).

Section 3.4 Withholding Rights. Parent, the Surviving Company and the Exchange Agent (each, a “Withholding Agent”) shall each be entitled to deduct and withhold, or cause to be deducted and withheld, from the consideration otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement such amounts as any Withholding Agent is required to deduct and withhold under applicable Law; provided that no Withholding Agent shall deduct or withhold from any amount otherwise payable to such Persons set forth on Schedule A to the Company Disclosure Letter hereunder except in the event of a failure by such Persons (as applicable) to provide an IRS Form W-9 with its letter of transmittal or as a result of a change in applicable Law after the date hereof (in which case, the Withholding Agent shall comply with clauses (i) and (ii) below). To the extent that amounts are so deducted and withheld by a Withholding Agent and remitted to the appropriate Governmental Entity, such amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the Person in respect of whom such deduction and withholding was made. The Withholding Agent shall use commercially reasonable efforts to (i) notify each holder of Company Capital Stock at least five (5) Business Days prior to deducting or withholding any amounts of its intent to deduct and withhold and (ii) cooperate with such holder to minimize any such deductions and withholding. The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to deliver an affidavit, together with the appropriate notice to the IRS, in accordance with Treasury Regulations Sections 1.897-2(h) and 1.1445-2(c)(3) and in form and substance substantially identical to Exhibit B, each dated as of the Closing Date, stating that no interest in the Company is a United States real property interest.

Section 3.5 Dissenters Rights. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, each share of the Company Capital Stock (other than Excluded Shares) outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and held by a holder who is entitled to demand and has properly demanded appraisal for such shares of the Company Capital Stock in accordance with Section 262 of the DGCL and, as of the Effective Time, have neither effectively withdrawn nor lost their rights to such appraisal and payment under the DGCL (“Dissenting Shares”), shall not be converted into or be exchangeable for the right to receive a portion of the Capital Stock Merger Consideration but shall be entitled only to such rights as are granted by Section 262 of the DGCL, unless and until such holder fails to perfect or withdraws or otherwise loses such holder’s right to appraisal and payment under the DGCL. If, after the Effective Time, any such holder fails to perfect or withdraws or loses such holder’s right to appraisal, such Dissenting Shares shall thereupon be treated as if they had been converted as of the Effective Time into the right to receive the portion of the Capital Stock Merger Consideration, if any, to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 3.1(a)(i), without interest. The Company shall give Parent (a) prompt notice of any demands received by the Company for appraisal of any shares of the Company Capital Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, attempted written withdrawals of such demands, and any other instruments served pursuant to the DGCL and received by the Company relating to stockholders’ rights to appraisal with respect to the Merger and (b) the opportunity to participate in all negotiations and proceedings with respect to any exercise of such appraisal rights under the DGCL. The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, voluntarily make any payment with respect to any demands for payment of fair value for capital stock of the Company, offer to settle or settle any such demands or approve any withdrawal of any such demands.

Article IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY

Except as set forth in the corresponding section or subsection of the disclosure letter delivered by the Company to Parent (the “Company Disclosure Letter”) (it being agreed that the disclosure of any information in a particular section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Letter shall be deemed disclosure of such information with respect to any other section or subsection of this Agreement to which the relevance of such information is readily apparent on its face), the Company represents and warrants to Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub as follows (the term “Company” shall include any Subsidiaries of the Company, mutatis mutandis, except where context dictates otherwise):

Section 4.1 Organization, Standing and Power.

(a) The Company (i) is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, (ii) has all requisite corporate or similar power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted and (iii) is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the ownership, leasing or operation of its properties makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except in the case of clause (iii), where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. For purposes of this Agreement, “Material Adverse Effect” means any event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts that is or would reasonably be expected to be materially adverse to the business, assets, liabilities, financial condition, results of operations of the Company, taken as a whole; provided, however, that Material Adverse Effect shall not include any event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts to the extent resulting from (1) changes or conditions generally affecting the industries in which the Company operates, or the economy or the financial, debt, banking, capital, credit or securities markets, in the United States, including effects on such industries, economy or markets resulting from any regulatory and political conditions or developments in general, (2) the outbreak or escalation of war or acts of terrorism or any natural disasters, acts of God or comparable events, epidemic, pandemic or disease outbreak (including the COVID-19 virus) or any worsening of the foregoing, or any declaration of martial law, quarantine or similar directive, policy or guidance or Law or other action by any Governmental Entity in response thereto, (3) changes in Law or GAAP, or the interpretation or enforcement thereof, (4) the public announcement of this Agreement, (5) any failure to meet internal or other estimates, predictions, projections or forecasts (provided that any facts or circumstances causing such failure may be considered to the extent not otherwise excluded by the other provisions hereof), or (6) any specific action taken (or omitted to be taken) by the Company at or with the express written consent of Parent or required by or expressly permitted by the terms of this Agreement; provided, that, with respect to clauses (1), (2) and (3), the impact of such event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts shall be excluded only to the extent it is not disproportionately adverse to the Company as compared to other participants in the industries in which the Company operates.

(b) The Company has previously made available to Parent true and complete copies of the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation (the “Company Charter”) and Bylaws (the “Company Bylaws”) and the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Company, in each case as amended to the date of this Agreement, and each as so delivered is in full force and effect. The Company is not in violation of any provision of its Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws.

(c) Except with respect to the extent relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other strategic alternatives, or in draft form, and except as may be redacted to preserve a privilege (including attorney-client privilege), the Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of the minutes of all meetings of the Company’s stockholders, the Company Board, and each committee of the Company Board held since January 1, 2024.

Section 4.2 Capital Stock.

(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 82,520,000 shares of Company Common Stock, and 44,866,071 shares of Company Preferred Stock. As of the close of business on August 12, 2025 (the “Company Measurement Date”), (i) 9,619,903 shares of Company Common Stock (excluding treasury shares) were issued and outstanding, (ii) 44,866,071 shares of Company Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding, (iii) 15,492,802 Company Options were issued and outstanding, (iv) 334,516 Company Warrants were issued and outstanding, and (v) no shares of Company Capital Stock were held by the Company in its treasury. Except as set forth above in this Section 4.2(a) or 4.2(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter, all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to any preemptive rights. Except as set forth above in this Section 4.2(a) and 4.2(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter, the Company does not have any outstanding bonds, debentures, notes or other obligations having the right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, securities having the right to vote) with the stockholders of the Company on any matter. Except as set forth above in this Section 4.2(a) and Section 4.2(a) and 4.2(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter and except for changes since the close of business on the Company Measurement Date resulting from the exercise of any options or warrants as described above, as of the Company Measurement Date, the Company does not have any outstanding (A) shares of capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of the Company, (B) securities of the Company convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of capital stock of the Company or other voting securities or equity interests of the Company, (C) stock appreciation rights, “phantom” stock rights, performance units, interests in or rights to the ownership or earnings of the Company or other equity equivalent or equity-based awards or rights, (D) subscriptions, options, warrants, calls, commitments, Contracts or other rights to acquire from the Company, or obligations of the Company to issue, any shares of capital stock of the Company, voting securities, equity interests or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of the Company or rights or interests described in the preceding clause (C), or (E) obligations of the Company to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any such securities or to issue, grant, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, granted, delivered or sold, any such securities. Except as set forth in Section 4.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter, there are no stockholder agreements, voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Company is a party or of which the Company has knowledge with respect to the holding, voting, registration, redemption, repurchase or disposition of, or that restricts the transfer of, any capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of the Company.

(b) Section 4.2(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a true and complete list of all holders, as of the Company Measurement Date, of outstanding Company Options and other similar rights to purchase or receive shares of Company Capital Stock under the Company Equity Incentive Plans, or otherwise, and Company Warrants (collectively, “Company Stock Awards”), indicating as applicable, with respect to each Company Stock Award then outstanding, the type of award granted, the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Stock Award, the name of the agreement under which such Company Stock Award was granted, the date of grant, exercise or purchase price, vesting schedule, payment schedule (if different from the vesting schedule) and expiration thereof, the vesting status, whether the Company Stock Award is a non-statutory stock option or qualifies as an “incentive stock option” as defined in Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), whether an 83(b) election was timely filed, and whether (and to what extent) the vesting of such Company Stock Award will be accelerated or otherwise adjusted in any way or any other terms will be triggered or otherwise adjusted in any way by the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement or by the termination of employment or engagement or change in position of any holder thereof following or in connection with the Merger. The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of all the forms of all award agreements evidencing outstanding Company Stock Awards. The Company does not sponsor, maintain or administer any employee or director stock option, stock purchase or equity compensation plan or arrangement other than the ones issued under the Company Equity Incentive Plans. The Company is not under any obligation to issue shares of Company Capital Stock pursuant to any employee or director stock option, stock purchase or equity compensation plan or arrangement other than the ones issued under the Company Equity Incentive Plans.

Section 4.3 Subsidiaries. Except as set forth on Section 4.3 of the Company Disclosure Letter, (a) the Company does not have, nor has it ever had, any Subsidiaries and (b) the Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any equity, membership interest, partnership interest, joint venture interest, or other equity or voting interest in, or any interest convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for any of the foregoing, nor is it under any current or prospective obligation to form or participate in, provide funds to, make any loan, capital contribution, guarantee, credit enhancement or other investment in, or assume any liability or obligation of, any Person.

Section 4.4 Authority.

(a) The Company has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to approve this Agreement or to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, subject, in the case of the consummation of the Merger, to receipt of the Company Stockholder Approval. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub, constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms (except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by general principles of equity).

(b) The Company Board, at a meeting duly called and held at which all directors of the Company were present, duly and adopted resolutions (i) determining that the terms of this Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby are fair to and in the best interests of the Company’s stockholders, (ii) approving and declaring advisable this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, (iii) directing that this Agreement be submitted to the stockholders of the Company for adoption, and (iv) resolving to recommend that the Company’s stockholders vote in favor of the adoption of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, which resolutions have not been subsequently rescinded, modified or withdrawn in any way.

(c) The Company Stockholder Approval is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of the Company Capital Stock or other securities required in connection with the consummation of the Merger. Other than the Company Stockholder Approval, no vote of the holders of any class or series of the Company’s capital stock or other securities is required in connection with the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated hereby to be consummated by the Company.

Section 4.5 No Conflict; Consents and Approvals.

(a) Except as set forth in Section 4.5(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter, the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company does not, and the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and compliance by the Company with the provisions hereof will not, conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to a right of, or result in, termination, cancellation, modification or acceleration of any obligation or to the loss of a benefit under, or result in the creation of any pledge, claim, lien, charge, option, right of first refusal, encumbrance or security interest of any kind or nature whatsoever (including any limitation on voting, sale, transfer or other disposition or exercise of any other attribute of ownership) (collectively, “Liens”) in or upon any of the properties, assets or rights of the Company under, or give rise to any increased, additional, accelerated or guaranteed rights or entitlements under, or require any consent, waiver or approval of any Person pursuant to, any provision of (i) the Company Charter or Company Bylaws, (ii) any material bond, debenture, note, mortgage, indenture, guarantee, license, lease, purchase or sale order or other contract, commitment, agreement, instrument, obligation, arrangement, understanding, undertaking, permit, concession or franchise, whether oral or written (each, including all amendments thereto, a “Contract”) to which the Company is a party or by which the Company or any of its properties or assets may be bound or (iii) subject to the governmental filings and other matters referred to in Section 4.5(b), any federal, state, local or foreign law (including common law), statute, ordinance, rule, code, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other legally enforceable requirement (“Law”) applicable to the Company or by which the Company or any of its properties or assets may be bound, except as, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), as individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(b) No consent, approval, order or authorization of, or registration, declaration, filing with or notice to, any federal, state, local or foreign government or subdivision thereof or any other governmental, administrative, judicial, arbitral, legislative, executive, regulatory or self- regulatory authority, instrumentality, agency, commission or body (each, a “Governmental Entity”) is required by or with respect to the Company in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company or the consummation by the Company of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby or compliance with the provisions hereof, except for (i) the filing with the SEC of such reports under Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as may be required in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) such other filings and reports as may be required pursuant to the applicable requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the Exchange Act and any other applicable state or federal securities, takeover and “blue sky” laws, (iii) the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Delaware Secretary of State as required by the DGCL, and (iv) such other consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations, filings or notices the failure of which to be obtained or made, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

Section 4.6 Financial Statements.

(a) True and complete copies of the (i) unaudited balance sheet of the Company as at December 31, 2024 and the related unaudited statements of operations, stockholders’ deficit and cash flows of the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, together with all related notes thereto as of August 9, 2025, (ii) audited balance sheet of the Company as at December 31, 2023, and the related audited statements of operations, stockholders’ deficit and cash flows of the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, together with all related notes thereto, accompanied by the reports thereon of the Company’s independent auditors (collectively referred to as the “Company Financial Statements”) and (iii) unaudited balance sheet of the Company as at June 30, 2025 (the “Company Balance Sheet”), and the related statements of operations and cash flows of the Company for the six (6) months ended June 30, 2025 (collectively referred to as the “Company Interim Financial Statements”), are attached hereto as Section 4.6(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter. Except as set forth on Section 4.6(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter, each of the Company Financial Statements and the Company Interim Financial Statements (x) are correct and complete in all material respects and have been prepared in accordance with the books and records of the Company; (y) have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods indicated (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto); and (z) fairly present, in all material respects, the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as at the respective dates thereof and for the respective periods indicated therein, except as otherwise noted therein and subject, in the case of the Company Interim Financial Statements, to normal and recurring year-end adjustments that will not, individually or in the aggregate, be material.

(b) The Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls designed to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of the financial statements of the Company in conformity with GAAP and to maintain accountability of the Company’s assets, (iii) access to the Company’s assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accounting for the Company’s assets is compared with the existing assets at regular intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company maintains internal control over financial reporting that provides reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP.

(c) Since January 1, 2025, neither the Company nor its independent auditors have identified (i) any significant deficiency or material weakness in the design or operation of the system of internal accounting controls utilized by the Company, (ii) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves the Company, the Company’s management or other employees who have a role in the preparation of financial statements or the internal accounting controls utilized by the Company or (iii) any claim or allegation regarding any of the foregoing.

Section 4.7 No Undisclosed Liabilities. The Company does not have any liabilities or obligations of any nature, whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise, known or unknown, whether due or to become due and whether or not required to be recorded or reflected on a balance sheet under GAAP, except (a) to the extent specifically and adequately accrued or reserved against in the Company Balance Sheet, (b) for liabilities and obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice (none of which is a liability for a breach or default under any contract, breach of warranty, tort, infringement, misappropriation or violation of Law) since the date of the Company Balance Sheet that are not individually or in the aggregate in excess of $500,000, or (c) executory obligations under any Contracts to which the Company is a party and which do not result from a breach of such Contract by the Company.

Section 4.8 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Except as set forth in Section 4.8 of the Company Disclosure Letter, since December 31, 2024 until the date hereof: (i) except in connection with the execution of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, the Company has conducted its business only in the ordinary course consistent with past practice; (ii) there has not been any change, event or development or prospective change, event or development that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and (iii) the Company has not:

(a) (i) declared, set aside or paid any dividends on, or made any other distributions (whether in cash, stock or property) in respect of, any of its capital stock or other equity interests, (ii) purchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired shares of capital stock or other equity interests of the Company or any options, warrants, or rights to acquire any such shares or other equity interests, other than pursuant to award agreements underlying Company Stock Awards granted under the Company Equity Incentive Plans in connection with a Company service provider’s termination of service, or (iii) split, combined, reclassified or otherwise amended the terms of any of its capital stock or other equity interests or issued or authorized the issuance of any other securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock or other equity interests, other than issuances of Company Stock Awards granted to Company service providers under the Company Equity Incentive Plans;

(b) amended or otherwise changed, or authorized or proposed to amend or otherwise change, its certificate of incorporation or by-laws (or similar organizational documents);

(c) adopted or entered into a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, restructuring, recapitalization or reorganization; or

(d) changed its financial or Tax accounting methods, principles or practices, except insofar as may have been required by a change in GAAP or applicable Law.

Section 4.9 Litigation. There is no action, suit, claim, arbitration, investigation, inquiry, grievance or other proceeding (each, an “Action”) (or, to the Company’s knowledge, any basis therefore) pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any of its properties or assets, or any present or former officer, director or employee of the Company in such individual’s capacity as such, other than any Action that (a) does not involve an amount in controversy in excess of $250,000 and (b) does not seek injunctive or other non- monetary relief. Neither the Company nor any of its properties or assets is subject to any outstanding judgment, order, injunction, rule or decree of any Governmental Entity. There is no Action pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened seeking to prevent, hinder, modify, delay or challenge the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

Section 4.10   Compliance with Laws. The Company is and has been in compliance in all material respects with all Laws applicable to its businesses, operations, properties or assets. The Company has not received, as of the three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof, a notice or other written communication alleging or relating to a possible material violation of any Law applicable to their businesses, operations, properties or assets. The Company has in effect all permits, licenses, variances, exemptions, applications, approvals, clearances, authorizations, registrations, formulary listings, consents, operating certificates, franchises, orders and approvals of all Governmental Entities necessary and required for it to own, lease or operate its properties and assets and to carry on its businesses and operations as now conducted (collectively, “Permits”), except where such failure would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company.

Section 4.11   Benefit Plans.

(a) “Company Plans” means each “employee benefit plan” (within the meaning of section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), whether or not subject to ERISA), “multiemployer plans” (within the meaning of ERISA section 3(37)), and all stock purchase, stock option, phantom stock or other equity-based plan, severance, employment, collective bargaining, change-in-control, fringe benefit, bonus, incentive, deferred compensation, supplemental retirement, health, life, or disability insurance, dependent care, employee loans, vacation and all other employee benefit and compensation plans, agreements, programs, policies or other arrangements, whether or not subject to ERISA (including any funding mechanism therefor now in effect or required in the future as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or otherwise), whether formal or informal, written or oral, sponsored, maintained, or contributed to (or required to be contributed to), by the Company for the benefit of any current or former employee or other individual service provider of the Company (or such employee or other individual service provider’s dependents) or with respect to which the Company has any present or future liability or obligation (contingent or otherwise) or with respect to which it is otherwise bound. Section 4.11(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter contains a true and complete list of each Company Plan, other than (i) any employment offer letter or other employment agreement that is terminable “at-will” or following a statutory notice period and does not provide for severance, retention, change of control, transaction or similar bonuses, (ii) any individual consulting agreement that is terminable by the Company without advance notice and without any payment (other than payment for services performed prior to termination of the agreement), and (iii) any individual option or other equity award grant notices and agreements that do not materially deviate from the representative forms of such grant notices and agreements made available to Parent. The Company has provided or made available to Parent a current, accurate and complete copy of each Company Plan required to be listed on Section 4.11(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter, or if such Company Plan is not in written form, a written summary of all of the material terms of such Company Plan. With respect to each Company Plan required to be listed on Section 4.11(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter, the Company has furnished or made available to Parent a current, accurate and complete copy of, to the extent applicable: (i) all documents embodying or governing such Company Plan and any related trust agreement or other funding instrument, (ii) the most recent determination letter of the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), (iii) any summary plan description, summary of material modifications, and other similar material written communications (or a written description of any material oral communications) to the employees of the Company concerning the extent of the benefits provided under a Company Plan, (iv) all non-routine correspondence to and from any governmental agency, and (v) for the three most recent years and as applicable (A) the Form 5500 and attached schedules, (B) audited financial statements, (C) nondiscrimination testing results and (D) actuarial valuation reports.

(b) Neither the Company nor any member of its “Controlled Group” (defined as any organization which is a member of a controlled, affiliated or otherwise related group of entities within the meaning of Sections 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code) has ever sponsored, maintained, contributed to or been required to contribute to or incurred any liability (contingent or otherwise) with respect to: (i) a “multiemployer plan” (within the meaning of ERISA section 3(37)), (ii) an “employee pension benefit plan,” within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA (“Pension Plan”) that is subject to Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code, (iii) a Pension Plan which is a “multiple employer plan” as defined in Section 413 of the Code, or (iv) a “funded welfare plan” within the meaning of Section 419 of the Code.

(c) With respect to the Company Plans:

(i) each Company Plan complies in all material respects with its terms and materially complies in form and in operation with the applicable provisions of ERISA and the Code and all other applicable legal requirements;

(ii) each Company Plan intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination, advisory and/or opinion letter, as applicable, from the IRS that it is so qualified and nothing has occurred to the knowledge of the Company since the date of such letter that would reasonably be expected to cause the loss of the sponsor’s ability to rely upon such letter, and nothing has occurred to the knowledge of the Company that would reasonably be expected to result in the loss of the qualified status of such Company Plan;

(iii) there is no Action (including any investigation, audit or other administrative proceeding) by the Department of Labor, the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (the “PBGC”), the IRS or any other Governmental Entity or by any plan participant or beneficiary pending, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, relating to the Company Plans, any fiduciaries thereof with respect to their duties to the Company Plans or the assets of any of the trusts under any of the Company Plans (other than routine claims for benefits);

(iv)   none of the Company Plans currently provides, or reflects or represents any liability to provide post-termination or retiree welfare benefits to any person for any reason, except as may be required by Section 601, et seq. of ERISA and Section 4980B(b) of the Code or other applicable similar law regarding health care coverage continuation (collectively “COBRA”), and none of the Company or any members of its Controlled Group has any liability to provide post-termination or retiree welfare benefits to any person or ever represented, promised or contracted to any employee or former employee of the Company (either individually or to Company employees as a group) or any other person that such employee(s) or other person would be provided with post-termination or retiree welfare benefits, except to the extent required by statute or except with respect to a contractual obligation to reimburse any premiums such person may pay in order to obtain health coverage under COBRA;

(v) except as set forth on Section 4.11(c)(v) of the Company Disclosure Letter, each Company Plan is subject exclusively to United States Law; and

(vi)   except as set forth on Section 4.11(c)(vi) of the Company Disclosure Letter, the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company Stockholder Approval, and the consummation of the Merger will not, either alone or in combination with any other event, (A) entitle any current or former employee, officer, director or consultant of the Company to severance pay, unemployment compensation or any other similar termination payment, or (B) accelerate the time of payment or vesting, or increase the amount of or otherwise enhance any benefit due any such employee, officer, director or consultant.

(d) The Company is not a party to any agreement, contract, arrangement or plan (including any Company Plan) that may reasonably be expected to result, separately or in the aggregate, in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (either alone or in combination with any other events), in the payment of any “parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code. There is no agreement, plan or other arrangement to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is otherwise bound to compensate any person in respect of Taxes or other liabilities incurred with respect to Section 409A or 4999 of the Code.

(e) Section 4.11(e) of the Company Disclosure Letter contains a true and complete list of each Company Plan that is a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (or any comparable or similar provision of state, local, or foreign Law). Each Company Plan that is a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (or any comparable or similar provision of state, local, or foreign Law) complies in both form and operation in all material respects with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code (or any comparable or similar provision of state, local, or foreign Law) and all applicable IRS guidance issued with respect thereto (and has so complied for the entire period during which Section 409A of the Code has applied to such Company Plan) so that no amount paid or payable pursuant to any such Company Plan is subject to any additional Tax or interest under Section 409A of the Code (or any comparable or similar provision of state, local, or foreign Law). All Company Stock Awards are exempt from application of Section 409A of the Code.

(f)   No Company Plan provides major or supplemental medical health or long-term disability benefits that are not fully insured through an insurance contract.

Section 4.12   Labor and Employment Matters.

(a) The Company is, and for the three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof has been, in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Laws relating to labor and employment, including those relating to employment practices, terms and conditions of employment, collective bargaining, disability, immigration, health and safety, wages, hours and benefits, non-discrimination in employment, workers’ compensation, the collection and payment of withholding and/or payroll Taxes and similar Taxes, unemployment compensation, equal employment opportunity, discrimination, harassment, employee and contractor classification, information privacy and security, and continuation coverage with respect to group health plans. For the last three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof, there has not been, and as of the date of this Agreement there is not pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, any labor dispute, work stoppage, labor strike or lockout against the Company by employees.

(b) No employee of the Company is covered by an effective or pending collective bargaining agreement or similar labor agreement. To the knowledge of the Company, there has not been any activity on behalf of any labor union, labor organization or similar employee group to organize any employees of the Company. Except as would not be material, there are no (i) unfair labor practice charges or complaints against the Company pending before the National Labor Relations Board or any other labor relations tribunal or authority and to the knowledge of the Company no such representations, claims or petitions are threatened, (ii) representations, claims or petitions pending before the National Labor Relations Board or any other labor relations tribunal or authority or (iii) grievances or pending arbitration proceedings against the Company that arose out of or under any collective bargaining agreement.

(c) To the knowledge of the Company, no current officer of the Company intends, or is expected, to terminate such individual’s employment relationship with such entity in connection with or as a result of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(d) For the three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof, (i) the Company has not effectuated a “plant closing” (as defined in the Worker Adjustment Retraining and Notification Act of 1988, as amended (the “WARN Act”)) affecting any site of employment or one or more facilities or operating units within any site of employment or facility, (ii) there has not occurred a “mass layoff” (as defined in the WARN Act) in connection with the Company affecting any site of employment or one or more facilities or operating units within any site of employment or facility and (iii) the Company has not engaged in layoffs or employment terminations sufficient in number to trigger application of any similar state, local or foreign Law. Except as would not be material, the Company currently properly classifies and, for the last three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof has properly classified (i) its employees as exempt or non-exempt in accordance with applicable overtime laws, and (ii) its independent contractors in accordance with applicable Law.

(e) Except as set forth on Section 4.12(e) of the Company Disclosure Letter, with respect to any current employee, or officer of the Company, there have been no Actions against the Company pending, or to the Company’s knowledge, threatened to be brought or filed, in connection with the employment or engagement of any current employee or officer of the Company, including, without limitation, any claim relating to employment discrimination, harassment, retaliation, equal pay, employment classification or any other employment related matter arising under applicable Laws.

(f)   Except as set forth on Section 4.12(f) of the Company Disclosure Letter or with respect to any Company Plan (which subject is addressed in Section 4.11 above), the execution of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions set forth in or contemplated by this Agreement will not result in any breach or violation of, or cause any payment to be made under, any applicable Laws respecting labor and employment or any collective bargaining agreement to which the Company is a party.

(g) For the three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof, (i) no allegations of workplace sexual harassment, discrimination or other misconduct have been made, initiated, filed or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any of their respective current directors, officers or senior level management employees, (ii) to the knowledge of the Company, no incidents of any such workplace sexual harassment, discrimination or other misconduct have occurred, and (iii) the Company has not entered into any settlement agreement for which outstanding obligations remain related to allegations of sexual harassment, discrimination or other misconduct by any of their directors or officers described in clause (i) hereof.

Section 4.13   Environmental Matters.

(a) Except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company, (i) the Company has conducted their respective businesses in compliance with all, and have not violated any, applicable Environmental Laws; (ii) the Company has obtained all Permits of all Governmental Entities and any other Person that are required under any Environmental Law; (iii) there has been no release of any Hazardous Substance by the Company or any other Person in any manner that has given or would reasonably be expected to give rise to any remedial or investigative obligation, corrective action requirement or liability of the Company under applicable Environmental Laws; (iv) the Company has not received any claims, notices, demand letters or requests for information (except for such claims, notices, demand letters or requests for information the subject matter of which has been resolved prior to the date of this Agreement) from any federal, state, local, foreign or provincial Governmental Entity or any other Person asserting that the Company is in violation of, or liable under, any Environmental Law; (v) no Hazardous Substance has been disposed of, arranged to be disposed of, released or transported in violation of any applicable Environmental Law, or in a manner that has given rise to, or that would reasonably be expected to give rise to, any liability under any Environmental Law, in each case, on, at, under or from any current or former properties or facilities owned or operated by the Company or as a result of any operations or activities of the Company at any location and, to the knowledge of the Company, Hazardous Substances are not otherwise present at or about any such properties or facilities in amount or condition that has resulted in or would reasonably be expected to result in liability to the Company under any Environmental Law; and (vi) the Company nor any of its properties or facilities are subject to, or are threatened to become subject to, any liabilities relating to any suit, settlement, court order, administrative order, regulatory requirement, judgment or claim asserted or arising under any Environmental Law or any agreement relating to environmental liabilities.

(b) As used herein, “Environmental Law” means any Law relating to (i) the protection, preservation or restoration of the environment (including air, surface water, groundwater, drinking water supply, surface and subsurface soils and strata, wetlands, plant and animal life or any other natural resource) or (ii) the exposure to, or the use, storage, recycling, treatment, generation, transportation, processing, handling, labeling, production, release or disposal of Hazardous Substances.

(c) As used herein, “Hazardous Substance” means any substance listed, defined, designated, classified or regulated as a waste, pollutant or contaminant or as hazardous, toxic, radioactive or dangerous or any other term of similar import under any Environmental Law, including but not limited to petroleum.

Section 4.14   Taxes.

(a) The Company has (i) filed all income and other Tax Returns required to be filed by it (taking into account any applicable extensions thereof) (and all such Tax Returns are true, accurate and complete in all material respects); and (ii) paid in full (or caused to be paid in full) all Taxes that are required to be paid by it, whether or not such Taxes were shown as due on such Tax Returns.

(b) All Taxes not yet due and payable by the Company as of the date of the Company Balance Sheet have been, in all respects, properly accrued in accordance with GAAP on the Company Financial Statements, and such Company Financial Statements reflect an adequate reserve (in accordance with GAAP) for all Taxes accrued but unpaid by the Company through the date of such financial statements. Since the date of the Company Financial Statements, the Company has not incurred, individually or in the aggregate, any liability for Taxes outside the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice.

(c) The Company has not executed any waiver of any statute of limitations on, or extended the period for the assessment or collection of, any amount of Tax, in each case that has not since expired.

(d) No audits or other investigations, proceedings, claims, assessments or examinations by any Governmental Entity (each, a “Tax Action”) with respect to Taxes or any Tax Return of the Company are presently in progress or have been asserted, threatened or proposed in writing and to the knowledge of the Company, no such Tax Action is being contemplated. No deficiencies or claims for Taxes have been claimed, proposed, assessed or asserted in writing against the Company by a Governmental Entity, other than any such claim, proposal, assessment or assertion that has been satisfied by payment in full, settled or withdrawn.

(e) Subject to exceptions as would not be material, the Company has timely withheld all Taxes required to have been withheld from payments made (or deemed made) to its employees, independent contractors, creditors, shareholders and other third parties and, to the extent required, such Taxes have been timely paid to the relevant Governmental Entity.

(f)   The Company has not engaged in a “listed transaction” as set forth in Treasury Regulations § 1.6011-4(b)(2).

(g) The Company (i) is not a party to or bound by, or has any liability pursuant to, any Tax sharing, allocation, indemnification or similar agreement or obligation, other than any such agreement or obligation which is a customary commercial agreement obligation entered into in the ordinary course of business with vendors, lessors, lenders or the like the primary purpose of which is unrelated to Taxes (each, an “Ordinary Course Agreement”); (ii) has never been a member of a group (other than a group the common parent of which is the Company) filing a consolidated, combined, affiliated, unitary or similar income Tax Return; and (iii) has no liability for the Taxes of any Person (other than the Company) pursuant to Treasury Regulations § 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or non-United States Law) as a transferee or successor, by Contract (other than any Ordinary Course Agreement) or otherwise by operation of Law.

(h) No private letter rulings, technical advice memoranda, or similar material agreements or rulings have been requested, entered into or issued by any Governmental Entity with respect to the Company which rulings remain in effect.

(i) The Company will not be required to include any material amount of income in, or exclude any material amount of deduction from, taxable income for any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending after the Closing Date as a result of (i) a change in, or use of improper, method of accounting requested or initiated on or prior to the Closing Date, (ii) a “closing agreement” as described in Section 7121 of the Code (or any similar provision of Law) executed on or prior to the Closing Date, (iii) an installment sale or open transaction disposition made on or prior to the Closing Date, (iv) any prepaid amount received or deferred revenue accrued on or prior to the Closing Date, other than in respect of such amounts reflected in the Company Balance Sheet or received in the ordinary course of business since the date of the Company Balance Sheet, (v) to the Company’s knowledge, an intercompany transaction or excess loss amount described in Treasury Regulations under Section 1502 of the Code (or any corresponding or similar provision of state, local or foreign income Tax Law), (vi) an election under Section 965 of the Code, or (vii) the application of Sections 951 or 951A of the Code with respect to income earned or recognized or payments received prior to the Closing.

(j) There are no liens for Taxes upon any of the assets of the Company other than Liens described in clause (i) of the definition of Permitted Company Liens, none of which is material in amount.

(k) The Company has not distributed stock of another Person or has had its stock distributed by another Person, in a transaction (or series of transactions) that was purported or intended to be governed in whole or in part by Sections 355 or 361 of the Code.

(l) The Company has not been a United States real property holding corporation, as defined in Section 897(c)(2) of the Code during the applicable period specified in Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code.

(m)   No material claim has been made in writing by any Governmental Entity in a jurisdiction where the Company does not currently file a Tax Return of a certain type or pay Taxes of a certain type that the Company is or may be subject to taxation by such jurisdiction of such type.

(n) There are no outstanding shares of company stock issued in connection with the performance of services (within the meaning of Section 83 of the Code) for which a valid election under Section 83(b) of the Code has not been made.

For purposes of this Section 4.14, where the context permits, each reference to the Company shall include a reference to any person for whose Taxes the Company is liable under applicable Law.

Section 4.15   Contracts.

(a) Section 4.15(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth each contract that, as of the date of this Agreement, that would constitute a “material contract” (as such term is defined in Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act), with respect to the Company (assuming the Company were subject to the requirements of the Exchange Act) (all such contracts, in addition to those set forth in Section 4.15(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter, but excluding any Company Plans, “Material Contracts”).

(b) Section 4.15(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter lists the following contracts, in effect as of the date of this Agreement, which involve payment or receipt by the Company in excess of $1,000,000 in the aggregate, which for the purposes of this Agreement shall be considered Material Contracts:

(i) each Contract relating to any agreement of indemnification (not entered into in the ordinary course of business) or guaranty;

(ii) each Contract containing (A) any covenant limiting the freedom of the Company or the Surviving Company to engage in any line of business or compete with any Person, or limiting the development, manufacture or distribution of the Surviving Company’s products or services, (B) any most-favored pricing arrangement, (C) any exclusivity provision in favor of a third party, or (D) any non-solicitation provision applicable to the Company, in the case of the foregoing clause (D), which are material to the Company, taken as a whole;

(iii) each Contract relating to capital expenditures and requiring payments after the date of this Agreement in excess of $1,000,000 pursuant to its express terms and not cancelable without penalty;

(iv) each Contract relating to the disposition or acquisition of material assets or any ownership interest in any Person;

(v) each Contract relating to any mortgages, indentures, loans, notes or credit agreements, security agreements or other agreements or instruments relating to the borrowing of money or extension of credit or creating any Liens (other than Company Permitted Liens) with respect to any assets of the Company or any loans or debt obligations with officers or directors of the Company or any other Contract involving Company Indebtedness;

(vi) (A) any Contract involving supply or distribution (identifying any that contain exclusivity provisions), (B) any Contract involving a dealer, distributor, joint marketing, alliance, joint venture, cooperation, development or other Contract currently in force under which the Company has continuing obligations to develop or market any product, technology or service, or any Contract pursuant to which the Company has continuing obligations to develop any Intellectual Property that will not be owned, in whole or in part, by the Company or (C) any Contract to license any patent, trademark registration, service mark registration, trade name or copyright registration to or from any third party to manufacture or produce any product, service or technology of the Company or any Contract to sell, distribute or commercialize any products or service of the Company, in each case, except for Contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business;

(vii)   each Contract with any Person, including any financial advisor, broker, finder, investment banker or other Person, providing advisory services to the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby or which contains any tail or right of first refusal currently in effect; and

(viii)   each Contract relating to leases of real properties with respect to which the Company directly or indirectly holds a valid leasehold interest as well as any other real estate that is in the possession of or leased by the Company.

(c) (i) Each Material Contract is valid and binding on the Company, and to the knowledge of the Company, each other party thereto, and is in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance with its terms; (ii) the Company, and, to the knowledge of the Company, each other party thereto, has performed all material obligations required to be performed by it under each Material Contract; and (iii) there is no material default, breach or termination or acceleration event (other than expiration of a Material Contract in accordance with its terms) under any Material Contract by the Company or, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party thereto, and no event or condition has occurred that constitutes, or, after notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute, a material default, breach or termination or acceleration event on the part of the Company or, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party thereto under any such Material Contract, nor has the Company received any notice of any such material default, event or condition. The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of all Material Contracts, including all amendments thereto. Except as set forth in Section 4.15 of the Company Disclosure Letter, there are no Material Contracts that are not in written form. No Person is renegotiating, or has a right pursuant to the terms of any Material Contract to change, any material amount paid or payable to Parent under any Parent Material Contract or any other material term or provision of any Parent Material Contract.

Section 4.16   Insurance. The Company is covered by valid and currently effective insurance policies issued in favor of the Company that are customary and adequate for companies of similar size in the industries and locations in which the Company operates. The Company has made available true and complete copies of all material insurance policies issued in favor of the Company, or pursuant to which the Company is a named insured or otherwise a beneficiary, as well as any historic incurrence-based policies still in force. With respect to each such insurance policy, (a) such policy is in full force and effect and all premiums due thereon have been paid, (b) as of the date of this Agreement, the Company has not received written notice that it is in breach or default, or that it has not taken any action or failed to take any action which (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) would constitute such a breach or default, or would permit termination or modification of, any such policy and (c) to the knowledge of the Company, no insurer issuing any such policy has been declared insolvent or placed in receivership, conservatorship or liquidation. To the knowledge of the Company, no cancellation or termination of any such policy will result from the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.

Section 4.17   Properties.

(a) The Company has good and valid title to, or in the case of leased property and leased tangible assets, a valid leasehold interest in, all of its real properties and tangible assets that are necessary for the Company to conduct their respective businesses as currently conducted, free and clear of all Liens other than, except as set forth on Section 4.17(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter, (i) Liens for Taxes and assessments not yet delinquent or the amount or validity of which is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and (ii) mechanics’, workmen’s, repairmen’s, warehousemen’s and carriers’ Liens arising in the ordinary course of business of the Company consistent with past practice (“Permitted Company Liens”). The tangible personal property currently used in the operation of the business of the Company is in good working order (reasonable wear and tear excepted), in all material respects.

(b) The Company is in compliance with the terms of all leases to which it is a party, and all such leases are in full force and effect, in all material respects. The Company enjoys peaceful and undisturbed possession under all such leases, in all material respects.

(c) Section 4.17(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a true and complete list of (i) all real property owned by the Company and (ii) all real property leased for the benefit of the Company.

(d) This Section 4.17 does not relate to Intellectual Property, which is the subject of Section 4.18.

Section 4.18   Intellectual Property.

(a) Section 4.18(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a true and complete list of all of the following that are owned by or licensed to the Company: (i) patents and patent applications; (ii) trademark registrations and applications; (iii) copyright registrations and applications, in each case owned by the Company ((i)-(iii), collectively, “Company Registered IP”) and (iv) domain names. Except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect (A) all of the Company Registered IP owned by the Company, and with respect to Company Registered IP not owned by the Company, to the actual knowledge of the Company, is subsisting, (B) any Company Registered IP that is registered or issued is, to the knowledge of the Company, valid and enforceable, (C) as of the date of this Agreement, Company has not received written notice that (x) any such Company Registered IP is involved in any interference, reissue, derivation, reexamination, opposition, cancellation or similar proceeding contesting the validity, enforceability, claim construction, ownership or right to use, sell, offer for sale, license or dispose of any Company Registered IP, or (y) any such action is threatened with respect to any of the Company Registered IP and (D) all Company Registered IP owned by the Company is owned exclusively by the Company, free and clear of any and all Liens (other than Permitted Company Liens), and any Company Registered IP not owned by the Company is, to the knowledge of the Company, free and clear of any and all Liens (other than Permitted Company Liens).

(b) Section 4.18(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter accurately identifies (i) all contracts pursuant to which any Intellectual Property is licensed to the Company (other than (A) any generally commercially available software and Intellectual Property associated with such software, in each case that is licensed on a non-exclusive basis to the Company, (B) any Intellectual Property licensed on a nonexclusive basis ancillary to the purchase or use of equipment, reagents or other materials, (C) any confidential information provided under confidentiality agreements and (D) agreements between Company and its employees in Company’s standard form thereof).

(c) Section 4.18(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter accurately identifies each Company contract pursuant to which any Person has been granted any license (or option to license) or covenant not to sue under, or otherwise has received or acquired any right or interest in, any Company Registered IP (other than (i) any confidential information provided under confidentiality agreements and (ii) any Company Registered IP licensed to academic collaborators, suppliers or service providers for the sole purpose of enabling such academic collaborator, supplier or service providers to provide services for Company’s benefit).

(d) To the knowledge of Company, the Company Registered IP constitutes all Intellectual Property necessary for Company to conduct its business as currently conducted; provided, however, that the foregoing representation is not a representation with respect to non- infringement of Intellectual Property.

(e) The Company has taken commercially reasonable measures to maintain the confidentiality of all information that constitutes or constituted a material Trade Secret of the Company, including requiring all Persons having access thereto to execute written non-disclosure agreements or other binding obligations to maintain confidentiality of such information.

(f)   (i) To the knowledge of the Company, the conduct of the businesses of the Company, including the manufacture, marketing, offering for sale, sale, importation, use or intended use or other disposal of any product as currently sold or under development by Company, has not, in the six (6) years immediately preceding the date hereof, infringed, misappropriated or diluted, and does not infringe, misappropriate or dilute, any Intellectual Property of any Person, (ii) the Company has not received any written notice or claim asserting or suggesting that such infringement, misappropriation, or dilution is or may be occurring or has or may have occurred, and (iii) to the knowledge of the Company, no Person is infringing, misappropriating, or diluting in any material respect any Company Registered IP.

(g) In the three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof: (i) the Company has taken commercially reasonable steps designed to protect the confidentiality and security of the computer and information technology systems used by the Company (the “IT Systems”) and the information stored or contained therein or transmitted thereby, in all material respects, and (ii) to the knowledge of the Company, there has been no unauthorized or improper use, loss, access, or transmittal, of such information in the possession or control of the Company.

(h) In the three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof: (i) to the knowledge of the Company, the Company has complied in all material respects with all Laws relating to privacy and data protection applicable to the collection, retention, protection, and use of information that alone or in combination with other information can be used to identify an individual (“Personal Information”) by the Company (collectively, “Company Privacy Laws”), (ii) no claims by or before any Governmental Entity have been asserted or, to the knowledge of the Company, have been threatened in writing against the Company alleging a violation of any applicable Company Privacy Laws, and (iii) neither this Agreement nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will breach or otherwise violate any applicable Company Privacy Laws in any material respect; and (iv) the Company has taken commercially reasonable steps designed to protect any Personal Information collected, retained or used by the Company against unauthorized or improper use, loss, access, or transmittal.

(i) Except as set forth on Section 4.18(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter, to the knowledge of the Company, no government funding, facilities or resources of a university, college, other educational institution or research center or funding from third parties was used in the development of the Company Registered IP, and no Governmental Entity, university, college, other educational institution or research center has, to the knowledge of the Company, any claim or right in or to the Company Registered IP.

(j) Except as set forth on Section 4.18(j) of the Company Disclosure Letter, the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, will not result in the loss of, or give rise to any right of any third party to terminate or modify any of the rights or obligations of the Company under any agreement under which the Company grants to any Person, or any Person grants to the Company, a license or right under or with respect to any Intellectual Property that is material to any of the businesses of the Company, including any of the agreements listed in Section 4.18(b) or Section 4.18(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter.

Section 4.19   State Takeover Statutes. As of the date hereof and at all times on or prior to the Effective Time, the Company Board has taken all actions so that the restrictions applicable to business combinations contained in Section 203 of the DGCL are, and will be, inapplicable to the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the timely consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and will not restrict, impair or delay the ability of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub, after the Effective Time, to vote or otherwise exercise all rights as a stockholder of the Surviving Company. No other “moratorium,” “fair price,” “business combination,” “control share acquisition” or similar provision of any state anti-takeover Law (collectively, “Takeover Laws”) or any similar anti-takeover provision in the Company Charter or Company Bylaws is, or at the Effective Time will be, applicable to this Agreement, the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby.

Section 4.20   No Rights Plan. There is no stockholder rights plan, “poison pill” anti- takeover plan or other similar device in effect to which the Company is a party or is otherwise bound.

Section 4.21   Related Party Transactions. Except as set forth on Section 4.21 of the Company Disclosure Letter, since January 1, 2023 through the date of this Agreement, there have been no transactions, agreements, arrangements or understandings between the Company, on the one hand, and the Affiliates of the Company, on the other hand that would be required to be disclosed under Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act (assuming the Company were subject to the requirements of the Exchange Act).

Section 4.22   Certain Payments. Neither the Company nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its directors, executives, representatives, agents or employees (a) has used or is using any corporate funds for any illegal contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity, (b) has used or is using any corporate funds for any direct or indirect unlawful payments to any foreign or domestic governmental officials or employees, (c) has violated or is violating any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or similar applicable Law, (d) has established or maintained, or is maintaining, any unlawful fund of corporate monies or other properties, or (e) has made any bribe, unlawful rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment of any nature.

Section 4.23   Brokers. No broker, investment banker, financial advisor or other Person, other than as set forth on Section 4.23 of the Company Disclosure Letter, the fees and expenses of which will be paid by the Company, is entitled to any broker’s, finder’s, financial advisor’s or other similar fee or commission in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Affiliates. The Company has furnished to Parent a true and complete copy of any Contract between the Company and any Person identified on Section 4.23 of the Company Disclosure Letter pursuant to which such Person could be entitled to any payment from the Company relating to the transactions contemplated hereby.

Section 4.24   Disclosure Documents. The information relating to the Company and its Subsidiaries and stockholders that is provided by or on behalf of the Company for inclusion in the Proxy Statement or any other filing with the SEC in connection herewith will not, (i) in the case of the Proxy Statement, at the time the Proxy Statement or any amendment or supplement thereto is first mailed to the stockholders of Parent and at the time of the Parent Stockholder Meeting and (ii) in the case of any other filing with the SEC in connection herewith, at the time such filing is made, contain any untrue statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading.

Section 4.25   No Other Representations and Warranties. Except for the representations and warranties contained in Article V, the Company acknowledges and agrees that none of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub or any other Person on behalf of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub makes any other express or implied representation or warranty whatsoever, and specifically (but without limiting the generality of the foregoing) that none of Parent, its Subsidiaries or any other Person on behalf of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub makes any representation or warranty with respect to any projections or forecasts delivered or made available to the Company or any of its Representatives of future revenues, results of operations (or any component thereof), cash flows or financial condition (or any component thereof) of Parent (including any such projections or forecasts made available to the Company and Representatives in certain “data rooms” or management presentations in expectation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement), and the Company has not relied on any such information or any representation or warranty not set forth in Article V.

Article V
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT, INTERMEDIATE PARENT, Intermediate AND MERGER SUB

Except (a) as disclosed in the Parent SEC Documents at least three Business Days prior to the date of this Agreement and that is reasonably apparent on the face of such disclosure to be applicable to the representation and warranty set forth herein (other than any disclosures contained or referenced therein solely under the captions “Risk Factors,” “Forward-Looking Statements,” “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” and any other disclosures contained or referenced therein of information, factors, or risks that are predictive, cautionary, or forward-looking in nature); or (b) as set forth in the corresponding section or subsection of the disclosure letter delivered by Parent to the Company immediately prior to the execution of this Agreement (the “Parent Disclosure Letter”) (it being agreed that the disclosure of any information in a particular section or subsection of the Parent Disclosure Letter shall be deemed disclosure of such information with respect to any other section or subsection of this Agreement to which the relevance of such information is readily apparent on its face), each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub represent and warrant to the Company as follows (the term “Parent” shall include any Subsidiaries of Parent, mutatis mutandis, except where context dictates otherwise):

Section 5.1 Organization, Standing and Power.

(a) Each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation. Each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub (x) has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted and (y) is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the ownership, leasing or operation of its properties makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except in the case of clause (y), where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect. For purposes of this Agreement, “Parent Material Adverse Effect” means any event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts that is or would reasonably be expected to be materially adverse to the business, assets, liabilities, financial condition, or results of operations of Parent; provided, however, that Parent Material Adverse Effect shall not include any event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts to the extent resulting from (1) changes or conditions generally affecting the industries in which Parent operates, or the economy or the financial, debt, banking, capital, credit or securities markets, in the United States, including effects on such industries, economy or markets resulting from any regulatory and political conditions or developments in general, (2) the outbreak or escalation of war or acts of terrorism or any natural disasters, acts of God or comparable events, epidemic, pandemic or disease outbreak (including the COVID-19 virus) or any worsening of the foregoing, or any declaration of martial law, quarantine or similar directive, policy or guidance or Law or other action by any Governmental Entity in response thereto, (3) changes in Law or GAAP, or the interpretation or enforcement thereof, (4) the public announcement of this Agreement, (5) any specific action taken (or omitted to be taken) by Parent at or with the express written consent of the Company or required by or expressly permitted by the terms of this Agreement, (6) a change in the stock price or trading volume of Parent Common Stock or the suspension of trading in or delisting of Parent’s securities on Nasdaq (provided that any facts or circumstances causing such failure may be considered to the extent not otherwise excluded by the other provisions hereof) or (7) any failure to meet internal or other estimates, predictions, projections or forecasts (provided that any facts or circumstances causing such failure may be considered to the extent not otherwise excluded by the other provisions hereof); provided, that, with respect to clauses (1), (2) and (3), the impact of such event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts is not disproportionately adverse to Parent, as compared to other participants in the industries in which Parent operates.

(b) Parent has previously made available to the Company true and complete copies of the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub, in each case, as amended to the date of this Agreement, and each as so delivered is in full force and effect. None of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub is in violation of any provision of their respective Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws.

(c) Except with respect to the extent relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other strategic alternatives, or in draft form, and except as may be redacted to preserve a privilege (including attorney-client privilege), Parent has made available to the Company true and complete copies of the minutes of all meetings of Parent’s stockholders, the Parent Board, and each committee of the Parent Board held since January 1, 2024.

Section 5.2 Capital Stock.

(a) The authorized capital stock of Parent consists of 36,000,000 shares of Parent Common Stock and 75,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, of Parent (the “Parent Preferred Stock”). As of the close of business on August 12, 2025 (the “Measurement Date”), (i) 15,373,266 shares of Parent Common Stock (excluding treasury shares) were issued and outstanding, all of which were validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable (which term means that no further sums are required to be paid by the holders thereof in connection with the issue of such shares) and were free of preemptive rights, (ii) no shares of Parent Common Stock were held in treasury, (iii) an aggregate of 1,186 shares of Parent Common Stock were subject to the exercise of outstanding options to purchase shares of Parent Common Stock issued pursuant to the Parent Equity Plans (the “Parent Options”), (iv) an aggregate of 5,657,445 shares of Parent Common Stock were subject to the exercise of outstanding warrants to purchase shares of Parent Common Stock; (v) no shares of Parent Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding or held in treasury, and (vi) an aggregate of 83,279 shares of restricted stock or restricted stock units of Parent outstanding that were issued pursuant to the Parent Equity Plans. As of the close of business on the Measurement Date, except as set forth on Section 5.2(a) to the Parent Disclosure Letter, Parent does not have any outstanding bonds, debentures, notes or other obligations having the right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, securities having the right to vote) with the stockholders of Parent on any matter. Except as set forth above in this Section 5.2(a) and except for changes since the close of business on the Measurement Date resulting from the exercise of any options as described above, as of the Measurement Date, there are no outstanding (A) shares of capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of Parent, (B) securities of Parent convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of capital stock of Parent or other voting securities or equity interests of Parent, (C) stock appreciation rights, “phantom” stock rights, performance units, interests in or rights to the ownership or earnings of Parent or other equity equivalent or equity-based awards or rights, (D) subscriptions, options, warrants, calls, commitments, Contracts or other rights to acquire from Parent, or obligations of Parent to issue, any shares of capital stock of Parent, voting securities, equity interests or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of Parent or rights or interests described in the preceding clause (C), or (E) obligations of Parent to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any such securities or to issue, grant, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, granted, delivered or sold, any such securities. There are no stockholder agreements, voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which Parent is a party or of which Parent has knowledge with respect to the holding, voting, registration, redemption, repurchase or disposition of, or that restricts the transfer of, any capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of Parent.

(b) Section 5.2(b) of the Parent Disclosure Letter sets forth a correct and complete list of all outstanding Parent Options as of the Measurement Date, including, with respect to each Parent Option: (i) the name of the holder, (ii) number of shares of Parent Common Stock subject to each Parent Option, (iii) the number of such shares that are vested or unvested, (iv) the grant date, (v) the vesting commencement date, (vi) the vesting schedule (and the terms of any acceleration thereof), (vii) the exercise price per share, (viii) whether such Parent Option was designated an “incentive stock option” under Section 422 of the Code, (ix) the post-termination exercise period, and (x) whether such Parent Option was granted with an “early exercise” right in favor of the holder.

(c) The authorized capital stock of Intermediate Parent consists of 1,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of which 1,000 shares are issued and outstanding, all of which shares are beneficially owned by Parent.

(d) The authorized capital stock of Intermediate consists of 1,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of which 1,000 shares are issued and outstanding, all of which shares are beneficially owned by Intermediate Parent.

(e) The authorized capital stock of Merger Sub consists of 1,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of which 1,000 shares are issued and outstanding, all of which shares are beneficially owned by Intermediate.

(f)   The shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued pursuant to the Merger will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to any preemptive rights.

Section 5.3 Subsidiaries. Other than as set forth on Section 5.3 of the Parent Disclosure Letter, Parent does not own, directly or indirectly, any equity, membership interest, partnership interest, joint venture interest, or other equity or voting interest in, or any interest convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for any of the foregoing, nor is it under any current or prospective obligation to form or participate in, provide funds to, make any loan, capital contribution, guarantee, credit enhancement or other investment in, or assume any liability or obligation of, any Person. Merger Sub was formed solely for the purpose of engaging in the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and has engaged in no business other than in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

Section 5.4 Authority.

(a) Each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, including the issuance of the shares of Parent Common Stock as Merger Consideration (the “Parent Common Stock Issuance”). The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub and the consummation by Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub and no other corporate proceedings on the part of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub are necessary to approve and consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, subject to (i) obtaining the approval of the Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, the Nasdaq Issuance Proposal, the Equity Plan Proposal, the Charter Amendment Proposal, and the Reverse Stock Split Proposal, by the requisite voting power required to approve such proposals (collectively, the “Parent Stockholder Approval”) and (ii) the approval of this Agreement by Parent as the sole stockholder of Intermediate Parent, Intermediate Parent as the sole stockholder of Intermediate and Intermediate as the sole stockholder of Merger Sub. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by the Company, constitutes a valid and binding obligation of each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub, enforceable against each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub in accordance with its terms (except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by general principles of equity).

(b) The Parent Board, at a meeting duly called and held at which all directors of Parent were present, duly adopted resolutions (i) determining that the terms of this Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby are fair to, advisable and in the best interests of Parent and its stockholders, (ii) approving and declaring advisable this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, the issuance of shares of Parent Common Stock to the debtholder(s) and the stockholders of the Company pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, (iii) determining to submit the Parent Board Recommendation to the stockholders of Parent, and (iv) determining to approve and recommend the Parent Stockholder Proposals to the stockholders of Parent as promptly as practicable after the form of the Charter Amendment Proposal and the terms of the Nasdaq Reverse Stock Split are mutually agreed to by Parent and the Company. The board of directors of each of Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub (by unanimous written consent) has: (x) determined that the transactions contemplated hereby are fair to, advisable, and in the best interests of Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub and their respective sole stockholders, (y) deemed advisable and approved this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and (z) determined to recommend, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, that the stockholder of Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub vote to adopt this Agreement and thereby the transactions contemplated hereby.

(c) The Parent Stockholder Approval is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of the Parent Common Stock or other securities required in connection with the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, including the Parent Common Stock Issuance. Other than the Parent Stockholder Approval, no vote of the holders of any class or series of the Parent Common Stock or other securities is required in connection with the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated hereby to be consummated by Parent.

Section 5.5 No Conflict; Consents and Approvals.

(a) The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub does not, and the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and compliance by each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub with the provisions hereof will not, conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to a right of, or result in, termination, cancellation, modification or acceleration of any obligation or to the loss of a benefit under, or result in the creation of any Lien in or upon any of the properties, assets or rights of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub under, or give rise to any increased, additional, accelerated or guaranteed rights or entitlements under, or require any consent, waiver or approval of any Person pursuant to, any provision of (i) the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub, (ii) any Contract to which Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub is a party by which Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub or any of their respective properties or assets may be bound, or (iii) subject to the governmental filings and other matters referred to in Section 5.5(b), any material Law or any rule or regulation of Nasdaq applicable to Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub or by which Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub or any of their respective properties or assets may be bound, except as, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), as individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.

(b) No consent, approval, order or authorization of, or registration, declaration, filing with or notice to, any Governmental Entity is required by or with respect to Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub or the consummation by Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby or compliance with the provisions hereof, except for (i) the filing with the SEC of such reports under Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as may be required in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) such other filings and reports as may be required pursuant to the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and any other applicable state or federal securities, takeover and “blue sky” laws, (iii) the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Delaware Secretary of State as required by the DGCL, (iv) any filings required under the rules and regulations of Nasdaq and (v) such consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations, filings or notices the failure of which to be obtained or made, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to be material to Parent.

Section 5.6 SEC Reports; Financial Statements.

(a) Parent has filed with or furnished to the SEC on a timely basis true and complete copies of all forms, reports, schedules, statements and other documents required to be filed with or furnished to the SEC by Parent since January 1, 2025 (all such documents, together with all exhibits and schedules to the foregoing materials and all information incorporated therein by reference, the “Parent SEC Documents”). As of their respective filing dates (or, if amended or superseded by a filing prior to the date of this Agreement, then on the date of such filing), the Parent SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), as the case may be, including, in each case, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and none of the Parent SEC Documents contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

(b) The financial statements (including the related notes and schedules thereto) included (or incorporated by reference) in the Parent SEC Documents (i) have been prepared in a manner consistent with the books and records of Parent, (ii) have been prepared in accordance with GAAP (except, in the case of unaudited statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto), (iii) comply as to form in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto and (iv) fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of Parent as of the dates thereof and their respective consolidated statements of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal and recurring year-end audit adjustments that were not, or are not expected to be, material in amount), all in accordance with GAAP and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC. Since January 1, 2025, Parent has not made any change in the accounting practices or policies applied in the preparation of its financial statements, except as required by GAAP, SEC rule, comment, or policy or applicable Law. The books and records of Parent have been, and are being, maintained in all material respects in accordance with GAAP (to the extent applicable) and any other applicable legal and accounting requirements and reflect only actual transactions.

(c) Parent has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Such disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information relating to Parent required to be disclosed in Parent’s periodic and current reports under the Exchange Act, is made known to Parent’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer by others within those entities to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures as required under the Exchange Act. The principal executive officer and principal financial officer of Parent have evaluated the effectiveness of Parent’s disclosure controls and procedures and, to the extent required by applicable Law, presented in any applicable Parent SEC Document that is a report on Form 10-K or Form 10-Q, or any amendment thereto, its conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by such report or amendment based on such evaluation.

(d) Parent has established and maintains a system of internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) which is effective in providing reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of Parent’s financial reporting and the preparation of Parent’s financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Parent has disclosed, based on its most recent evaluation of Parent’s internal control over financial reporting prior to the date hereof, to Parent’s auditors and audit committee (i) any significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of Parent’s internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect Parent’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information and (ii) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in Parent’s internal control over financial reporting.

(e) Since January 1, 2025, (i) neither Parent nor, to the knowledge of Parent, any of its directors, officers, employees, auditors, accountants or representatives has received or otherwise had or obtained knowledge of any material complaint, allegation, assertion or claim, whether written or oral, regarding the accounting or auditing practices, procedures, methodologies or methods of Parent or its internal accounting controls, including any material complaint, allegation, assertion or claim that Parent has engaged in questionable accounting or auditing practices and (ii) no attorney representing Parent, whether or not employed by Parent, has reported evidence of a material violation of securities Laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by Parent or any of its officers, directors, employees or agents to the Parent Board or any committee thereof or to any director or officer of Parent.

(f)   As of the date of this Agreement, there are no outstanding or unresolved comments in the comment letters received from the SEC staff with respect to the Parent SEC Documents. To the knowledge of Parent as of the date of this Agreement, none of the Parent SEC Documents is subject to ongoing review or outstanding SEC comment or investigation.

(g) Parent is not a party to, or has any commitment to become a party to, any joint venture, off balance sheet partnership or any similar Contract (including any Contract or arrangement relating to any transaction or relationship between or among Parent, on the one hand, and any unconsolidated Affiliate, including any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity or Person, on the other hand, or any “off balance sheet arrangements” (as defined in Item 303(a) of Regulation S K under the Exchange Act)), where the result, purpose or intended effect of such Contract is to avoid disclosure of any material transaction involving, or material liabilities of, Parent in Parent’s published financial statements or other Parent SEC Documents.

(h) Parent is in compliance in all material respects with (i) the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and (ii) the rules and regulations of Nasdaq, in each case, that are applicable to Parent.

(i) Parent is not currently a “shell company” as defined in Section 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Section 5.7 No Undisclosed Liabilities. Parent does not have any liabilities or obligations of any nature, whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise, known or unknown, whether due or to become due and whether or not required to be recorded or reflected on a balance sheet under GAAP, except (a) to the extent specifically and adequately accrued or reserved against in the audited balance sheet of Parent as at December 31, 2024 included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed by Parent with the SEC on March 31, 2025, as amended by Amendment No. 1 on Form 10-K/A, filed with the SEC on April 30, 2025 (without giving effect to any amendment thereto filed on or after the date hereof) and (b) for liabilities and obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice (none of which is a liability for a breach or default under any contract, breach of warranty, tort, infringement, misappropriation or violation of law) since December 31, 2024 that are not individually or in the aggregate material to Parent.

Section 5.8 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Except as set forth in Section 5.8 of the Parent Disclosure Letter, since December 31, 2024, (i) except in connection with the execution of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, Parent has conducted their business only in the ordinary course; (ii) there has not been any change, event or development or prospective change, event or development that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and (iii) Parent has not:

(a) (i) declared, set aside or paid any dividends on, or made any other distributions (whether in cash, stock or property) in respect of, any of its capital stock or other equity interests, (ii) purchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired shares of capital stock or other equity interests of Parent or any options, warrants, or rights to acquire any such shares or other equity interests, or (iii) split, combined, reclassified or otherwise amended the terms of any of its capital stock or other equity interests or issued or authorized the issuance of any other securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock or other equity interests;

(b) amended or otherwise changed, or authorized or proposed to amend or otherwise changed, its certificate of incorporation or by-laws (or similar organizational documents);

(c) adopted or entered into a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, restructuring, recapitalization or reorganization; or

(d) changed its financial or Tax accounting methods, principles or practices, except insofar as may have been required by a change in GAAP or applicable Law, or revalued any of its material assets.

Section 5.9 Litigation. Except as set forth on Section 5.9 of the Parent Disclosure Letter there is no Action (or basis therefor) pending or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened against or affecting Parent, any of its properties or assets, or any present or former officer, director or employee of Parent in such individual’s capacity as such, other than any Action that (a) does not involve an amount in controversy in excess of $250,000 and (b) does not seek injunctive or other non-monetary relief. Neither Parent nor any of its properties or assets is subject to any outstanding judgment, order, injunction, rule or decree of any Governmental Entity. There is no Action pending or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened seeking to prevent, hinder, modify, delay or challenge the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

Section 5.10   Compliance with Law. Parent is and has been in compliance in all material respects with all Laws applicable to its businesses, operations, properties or assets. Parent has not received, since January 1, 2023, a notice or other written communication alleging or relating to a possible material violation of any Law applicable to its business, operations, properties, assets or products. Parent has in effect all material Permits of all Governmental Entities necessary and required for it to own, lease or operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business and operations as now conducted, and there has occurred no violation of, default (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) under or event giving to others any right of revocation, non-renewal, adverse modification or cancellation of, with or without notice or lapse of time or both, any such Permit, nor would any such revocation, non-renewal, adverse modification or cancellation result from the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.

Section 5.11   Benefit Plans.

(a) “Parent Plans” means each “employee benefit plan” (within the meaning of section 3(3) of ERISA, whether or not subject to ERISA), “multiemployer plans” (within the meaning of ERISA section 3(37)), and all stock purchase, stock option, phantom stock or other equity-based plan, severance, employment, collective bargaining, change-in-control, fringe benefit, bonus, incentive, deferred compensation, supplemental retirement, health, life, or disability insurance, dependent care, employee loans, vacation and all other employee benefit and compensation plans, agreements, programs, policies or other arrangements, whether or not subject to ERISA (including any funding mechanism therefor now in effect or required in the future as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or otherwise), whether formal or informal, written or oral, sponsored, maintained, or contributed to (or required to be contributed to), by Parent for the benefit of any current or former employee, or other individual service provider of Parent (or such employee or other individual service provider’s dependents) or with respect to which Parent has any present or future liability or obligation (contingent or otherwise) or with respect to which it is otherwise bound. Section 5.11(a) of the Parent Disclosure Letter contains a true and complete list of each Parent Plan, other than (i) any employment offer letter or other employment agreement that is terminable “at-will” or following a statutory notice period and does not provide for severance, retention, change of control, transaction or similar bonuses, (ii) any individual consulting agreement that is terminable by Parent without advance notice and without any payment (other than payment for services performed prior to termination of the agreement), and (iii) any individual option or other equity award grant notices and agreements that do not materially deviate from the representative forms of such grant notices and agreements made available to the Company. Parent has provided or made available to the Company a current, accurate and complete copy of each Parent Plan required to be listed on Section 5.11(a) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, or if such Parent Plan is not in written form, a written summary of all of the material terms of such Parent Plan. With respect to each Parent Plan required to be listed on Section 5.11(a) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, Parent has furnished or made available to the Company a current, accurate and complete copy of, to the extent applicable: (i) all documents embodying or governing such Parent Plan and any related trust agreement or other funding instrument, (ii) the most recent determination letter of the IRS, (iii) any summary plan description, summary of material modifications, and other similar material written communications (or a written description of any material oral communications) to the employees of Parent concerning the extent of the benefits provided under a Parent Plan, (iv) all non-routine correspondence to and from any governmental agency, and (v) for the three most recent years and as applicable (A) the Form 5500 and attached schedules, (B) audited financial statements (C) nondiscrimination testing results and (D) actuarial valuation reports.

(b) Neither Parent nor any member of its Controlled Group has ever sponsored, maintained, contributed to or been required to contribute to or incurred any liability (contingent or otherwise) with respect to: (i) a “multiemployer plan” (within the meaning of ERISA section 3(37)), (ii) a Pension Plan that is subject to Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code, (iii) a Pension Plan which is a “multiple employer plan” as defined in Section 413 of the Code, or (iv) a “funded welfare plan” within the meaning of Section 419 of the Code.

(c) With respect to the Parent Plans:

(i) each Parent Plan complies in all material respects with its terms and materially complies in form and in operation with the applicable provisions of ERISA and the Code and all other applicable legal requirements;

(ii) each Parent Plan intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination, advisory and/or opinion letter, as applicable, from the IRS that it is so qualified and nothing has occurred to the knowledge of Parent since the date of such letter that would reasonably be expected to cause the loss of the sponsor’s ability to rely upon such letter, and nothing has occurred to the knowledge of Parent that would reasonably be expected to result in the loss of the qualified status of such Parent Plan;

(iii) there is no Action (including any investigation, audit or other administrative proceeding) by the Department of Labor, the PBGC, the IRS or any other Governmental Entity or by any plan participant or beneficiary pending, or to the knowledge of Parent, threatened, relating to the Parent Plans, any fiduciaries thereof with respect to their duties to Parent Plans or the assets of any of the trusts under any of Parent Plans (other than routine claims for benefits);

(iv)   none of the Parent Plans currently provides, or reflects or represents any liability to provide post-termination or retiree welfare benefits to any person for any reason, except as may be required by COBRA, and none of Parent nor any members of its Controlled Group has any liability to provide post-termination or retiree welfare benefits to any person or ever represented, promised or contracted to any employee or former employee of Parent (either individually or to Parent employees as a group) or any other person that such employee(s) or other person would be provided with post-termination or retiree welfare benefits, except to the extent required by statute or except with respect to a contractual obligation to reimburse any premiums such person may pay in order to obtain health coverage under COBRA;

(v) each Parent Plan is subject exclusively to United States Law; and

(vi)   the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Parent Stockholder Approval, and the consummation of the Merger will not, either alone or in combination with any other event, (A) entitle any current or former employee, officer, director or consultant of Parent to severance pay, unemployment compensation or any other similar termination payment, or (B) accelerate the time of payment or vesting, or increase the amount of or otherwise enhance any benefit due any such employee, officer, director or consultant.

(d) Parent is not a party to any agreement, contract, arrangement or plan (including any Parent Plan) that may reasonably be expected to result, separately or in the aggregate, in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (either alone or in combination with any other events), in the payment of any “parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code. There is no agreement, plan or other arrangement to which Parent is a party or by which Parent is otherwise bound to compensate any person in respect of Taxes or other liabilities incurred with respect to Section 409A or 4999 of the Code. Parent has obtained and delivered to the Company a fully executed parachute payment cutback agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (the “Parachute Payment Cutback Agreement”) from each Person who may be, with respect to Parent or any member of its Controlled Group, a “disqualified individual” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder (a “Parent Disqualified Individual”). 

(e) Section 5.11(e) of the Parent Disclosure Letter contains a true and complete list of each Parent Plan that is a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (or any comparable or similar provision of state, local, or foreign Law). Each Parent Plan that is a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (or any comparable or similar provision of state, local, or foreign Law) complies in both form and operation in all material respects with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code (or any comparable or similar provision of state, local, or foreign Law) and all applicable IRS guidance issued with respect thereto (and has so complied for the entire period during which Section 409A of the Code has applied to such Parent Plan) so that no amount paid or payable pursuant to any such Parent Plan is subject to any additional Tax or interest under Section 409A of the Code (or any comparable or similar provision of state, local, or foreign Law). All Parent Restricted Stock Awards are exempt from application of Section 409A of the Code.

(f)   No Parent Plan provides major or supplemental medical health or long-term disability benefits that are not fully insured through an insurance contract.

Section 5.12   Labor and Employment Matters.

(a) Parent is and for the past three (3) years has been in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Laws relating to labor and employment, including those relating to employment practices, terms and conditions of employment, collective bargaining, disability, immigration, health and safety, wages, hours and benefits, non-discrimination in employment, workers’ compensation, the collection and payment of withholding and/or payroll Taxes and similar Taxes, unemployment compensation, equal employment opportunity, discrimination, harassment, employee and contractor classification, information privacy and security, and continuation coverage with respect to group health plans. During the preceding three years, there has not been, and as of the date of this Agreement there is not pending or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened, any labor dispute, work stoppage, labor strike or lockout against Parent by employees.

(b) No employee of Parent is covered by an effective or pending collective bargaining agreement or similar labor agreement. To the knowledge of Parent, there has not been any activity on behalf of any labor union, labor organization or similar employee group to organize any employees of Parent. There are no (i) unfair labor practice charges or complaints against Parent pending before the National Labor Relations Board or any other labor relations tribunal or authority and to the knowledge of Parent no such representations, claims or petitions are threatened, (ii) representations, claims or petitions pending before the National Labor Relations Board or any other labor relations tribunal or authority or (iii) grievances or pending arbitration proceedings against Parent that arose out of or under any collective bargaining agreement.

(c) To the knowledge of Parent, except as set forth on Section 5.12(c), no current key employee or officer of Parent intends, or is expected, to terminate such individual’s employment relationship with Parent in connection with or as a result of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(d) For the three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof, (i) Parent has not effectuated a “plant closing” (as defined in the WARN Act) affecting any site of employment or one or more facilities or operating units within any site of employment or facility, (ii) there has not occurred a “mass layoff” (as defined in the WARN Act) in connection with Parent affecting any site of employment or one or more facilities or operating units within any site of employment or facility and (iii) Parent has not engaged in layoffs or employment terminations sufficient in number to trigger application of any similar state, local or foreign Law. Except as would not be material, Parent currently properly classifies and for the past three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof has properly classified (A) its employees as exempt or non-exempt in accordance with applicable overtime Laws, and (B) its independent contractors in accordance with applicable Law.

(e) Except as set forth on Section 5.12(e) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, with respect to any current or former employee, officer, consultant or other service provider of Parent, there have been no Actions against Parent pending, or to Parent’s knowledge, threatened to be brought or filed, in connection with the employment or engagement of any current or former employee, officer, consultant or other service provider of Parent, including, without limitation, any claim relating to employment discrimination, harassment, retaliation, equal pay, employment classification or any other employment related matter arising under applicable Laws.

(f)   Except as set forth on Section 5.12(f) of the Parent Disclosure Letter or with respect to any Parent Plan (which subject is addressed in Section 5.11 above), the execution of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions set forth in or contemplated by this Agreement will not result in any breach or violation of, or cause any payment to be made under, any applicable Laws respecting labor and employment or any collective bargaining agreement to which Parent is a party.

(g) For the three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof, (i) no allegations of workplace sexual harassment, discrimination or other misconduct have been made, initiated, filed or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened against Parent or any of its current or former directors, officers or senior level management employees (in each case, in their capacity as such), (ii) to the knowledge of Parent, no incidents of any such workplace sexual harassment, discrimination or other misconduct have occurred, and (iii) Parent has not entered into any settlement agreement related to allegations of sexual harassment, discrimination or other misconduct by any of their directors, officers or employees described in clause (i) hereof or any independent contractor.

(h) Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub are, and since January 1, 2023 have been, in compliance with all contractual obligations to any other Person not to solicit or not to encourage any employee, independent contractor, advisor, consultant, contractor, vendor, director, customer, or business partner of such Person to terminate or alter in any way their relationship, or not commence a relationship, with that Person. Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub have not, since January 1, 2023, encouraged, aided and abetted, nor facilitated any other Person’s breach of a covenant not to solicit or a covenant not to compete.

Section 5.13   Environmental Matters.

(a) Except as, individually or in the aggregate, is not and would not reasonably be expected to be material to Parent, (i) Parent has conducted its businesses in compliance with all, and have not violated any, applicable Environmental Laws; (ii) Parent has obtained all Permits of all Governmental Entities and any other Person that are required under any Environmental Law; (iii) there has been no release of any Hazardous Substance by Parent or any other Person in any manner that has given or would reasonably be expected to give rise to any remedial or investigative obligation, corrective action requirement or liability of Parent under applicable Environmental Laws; (iv) Parent has not received any claims, notices, demand letters or requests for information (except for such claims, notices, demand letters or requests for information the subject matter of which has been resolved prior to the date of this Agreement) from any federal, state, local, foreign or provincial Governmental Entity or any other Person asserting that Parent is in violation of, or liable under, any Environmental Law; (v) no Hazardous Substance has been disposed of, arranged to be disposed of, released or transported in violation of any applicable Environmental Law, or in a manner that has given rise to, or that would reasonably be expected to give rise to, any liability under any Environmental Law, in each case, on, at, under or from any current or former properties or facilities owned or operated by Parent or as a result of any operations or activities of Parent at any location and, to the knowledge of Parent, Hazardous Substances are not otherwise present at or about any such properties or facilities in amount or condition that has resulted in or would reasonably be expected to result in liability to Parent under any Environmental Law; and (vi) neither Parent nor any of its properties or facilities are subject to, or are threatened to become subject to, any liabilities relating to any suit, settlement, court order, administrative order, regulatory requirement, judgment or claim asserted or arising under any Environmental Law or any agreement relating to environmental liabilities.

(b) Parent has made available all environmental site assessments, environmental audits and other material environmental documents in Parent’s possession or control relating to Parent or any of Parent’s current or former properties or facilities.

Section 5.14   Taxes.

(a) Parent has (i) filed all material income and other material Tax Returns required to be filed by it (taking into account any applicable extensions thereof) and all such Tax Returns are true, accurate and complete in all material respects; and (ii) paid in full (or caused to be timely paid in full) all material Taxes that are required to be paid by it, whether or not such Taxes were shown as due on such Tax Returns.

(b) All material Taxes not yet due and payable by Parent as of the date of the balance sheet included in the financial statements (including the related notes and schedules thereto) included (or incorporated by reference) in the Parent SEC Documents have been, in all respects, properly accrued in accordance with GAAP on the financial statements (including the related notes and schedules thereto) included (or incorporated by reference) in the Parent SEC Documents, and such financial statements (including the related notes and schedules thereto) included (or incorporated by reference) in the Parent SEC Documents reflect an adequate reserve (in accordance with GAAP) for all material Taxes accrued but unpaid by Parent through the date of such financial statements. Since the date of financial statements (including the related notes and schedules thereto) included (or incorporated by reference) in the Parent SEC Documents, Parent has not incurred, individually or in the aggregate, any liability for Taxes outside the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice.

(c) Parent has not executed any waiver of any statute of limitations on, or extended the period for the assessment or collection of, any amount of Tax, in each case that has not since expired.

(d) No material Tax Action with respect to Taxes or any Tax Return of Parent are presently in progress or have been asserted, threatened or proposed in writing and to the knowledge of Parent, no such Tax Action is being contemplated. No deficiencies or claims for a material amount of Taxes have been claimed, proposed, assessed or asserted in writing against Parent by a Governmental Entity, other than any such claim, proposal, assessment or assertion that has been satisfied by payment in full, settled or withdrawn.

(e) Subject to exceptions as would not be material, Parent has timely withheld all Taxes required to have been withheld from payments made (or deemed made) to its employees, independent contractors, creditors, shareholders and other third parties and, to the extent required, such Taxes have been timely paid to the relevant Governmental Entity.

(f)   Parent has not engaged in a “listed transaction” as set forth in Treasury Regulations § 1.6011-4(b)(2).

(g) Parent (i) is not a party to or bound by, or has any liability pursuant to, any Tax sharing, allocation, indemnification or similar agreement or obligation other than any Ordinary Course Agreement; (ii) is not or has not been a member of a group (other than a group the common parent of which is Parent) filing a consolidated, combined, affiliated, unitary or similar income Tax Return; and (iii) has no liability for the Taxes of any Person (other than Parent) pursuant to Treasury Regulations § 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or non-United States Law) as a transferee or successor, by Contract (other than any Ordinary Course Agreement), or otherwise by operation of Law.

(h) No private letter rulings, technical advice memoranda, or similar material agreements or rulings have been requested, entered into or issued by any Governmental Entity with respect to Parent which rulings remain in effect.

(i) Parent will not be required to include any material amount of income in, or exclude any material amount of deduction from, taxable income for any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending after the Closing Date as a result of (i) a change in, or use of improper, method of accounting requested or initiated on or prior to the Closing Date, (ii) a “closing agreement” as described in Section 7121 of the Code (or any similar provision of Law) executed on or prior to the Closing Date, (iii) an installment sale or open transaction disposition made on or prior to the Closing Date, (iv) any prepaid amount received or deferred revenue accrued on or prior to the Closing Date, other than in respect of such amounts reflected in the balance sheet included in the financial statements (including the related notes and schedules thereto) included (or incorporated by reference) in the Parent SEC Documents, or received in the ordinary course of business since the date of such balance sheet, (v) to Parent’s knowledge, an intercompany transaction or excess loss amount described in Treasury Regulations under Section 1502 of the Code (or any corresponding or similar provision of state, local or foreign income Tax Law), (vi) an election under Section 965 of the Code, or (vii) the application of Sections 951 or 951A of the Code with respect to income earned or recognized or payments received prior to the Closing.

(j) There are no liens for Taxes upon any of the assets of Parent other than Liens described in clause (i) of the definition of Permitted Parent Liens.

(k) Parent has not distributed stock of another Person or has had its stock distributed by another Person, in a transaction (or series of transactions) that was purported or intended to be governed in whole or in part by Sections 355 or 361 of the Code.

(l) Parent has not been a United States real property holding corporation, as defined in Section 897(c)(2) of the Code during the applicable period specified in Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code.

(m)   No material claim has been made in writing by any Governmental Entity in a jurisdiction where Parent does not currently file a Tax Return of a certain type or pay Taxes of a certain type that Parent is or may be subject to taxation by such jurisdiction of such type.

For purposes of this Section 5.14, where the context permits, each reference to Parent shall include a reference to any person for whose Taxes Parent is liable under applicable law.

Section 5.15   Contracts.

(a) Except for any Parent Plans (which are the subject of Section 5.11) and except as set forth in the Parent SEC Documents publicly available prior to the date of this Agreement, Parent is not a party to or bound by any “material contract” (as such term is defined in Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act) (all such contracts including those set forth in Section 5.15(b) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, “Parent Material Contracts”).

(b) Section 5.15(b) of the Parent Disclosure Letter lists the following contracts, which for the purposes of this Agreement shall be considered Parent Material Contracts:

(i) each Contract relating to any agreement of indemnification (not entered into in the ordinary course of business) or guaranty;

(ii) each Contract containing (A) any covenant limiting the freedom of Parent or the Surviving Company to engage in any line of business or compete with any Person, or limiting the development, manufacture or distribution of the Surviving Company’s products or services (B) any most-favored pricing arrangement, (C) any exclusivity provision in favor of a third party or (D) any non-solicitation provision applicable to Parent;

(iii) each Contract relating to capital expenditures and requiring payments after the date of this Agreement in excess of $1,000,000 pursuant to its express terms and not cancelable without penalty;

(iv) each Contract relating to the disposition or acquisition of material assets or any ownership interest in any Person;

(v) each Contract relating to any mortgages, indentures, loans, notes or credit agreements, security agreements or other agreements or instruments relating to the borrowing of money or extension of credit or creating any material Liens with respect to any assets of Parent or any loans or debt obligations with officers or directors of Parent or otherwise involving Parent Indebtedness;

(vi) each Contract requiring payment by or to Parent after the date of this Agreement in excess of $1,000,000 pursuant to its express terms relating to: (A) any Contract involving a dealer, distributor, joint marketing, alliance, joint venture, cooperation, research and/or development, material transfer, services (including technical writing and consulting), manufacturing, supply, distribution or other agreement relating to the research, development, testing, labeling, manufacturing, marketing, commercialization, or distribution of any product, technology or service, or any Contract pursuant to which any Intellectual Property is developed by or for Parent or (B) any Contract to license any patent, trademark registration, service mark registration, trade name or copyright registration to or from any third party to research, develop, test, label, manufacture, market, or produce any product, service or technology of Parent or any Contract to sell, distribute or commercialize any products or services of Parent;

(vii) each Contract with any Person, including any financial advisor, broker, finder, investment banker or other Person, providing advisory services to Parent in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby or which contains any tail or right of first refusal currently in effect or that will remain in effect following Closing;

(viii) each Contract relating to leases of real properties with respect to which Parent directly or indirectly holds a valid leasehold interest as well as any other real estate that is in the possession of or leased by Parent; and

(ix) each Contract to which Parent is a party or by which any of its assets and properties is currently bound, which involves annual obligations of payment by, or annual payments to, Parent in excess of $1,000,000.

(c) Each Parent Material Contract is valid and binding on Parent, and to the knowledge of Parent, each other party thereto, and is in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance with its terms; (ii) Parent, and, to the knowledge of Parent, each other party thereto, has performed all material obligations required to be performed by it under each Parent Material Contract; and (iii) there is no material default under any Parent Material Contract by Parent or, to the knowledge of Parent, any other party thereto, and no event or condition has occurred that constitutes, or, after notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute, a material default on the part of Parent or, to the knowledge of Parent, any other party thereto under any such Parent Material Contract, nor has Parent received any notice of any such material default, event or condition. Parent has made available to the Company true and complete copies of all Parent Material Contracts, including all amendments thereto. Except as set forth in Section 5.15(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, there are no Parent Material Contracts that are not in written form. No Person is renegotiating, or has a right pursuant to the terms of any Parent Material Contract to change, any material amount paid or payable to Parent under any Parent Material Contract or any other material term or provision of any Parent Material Contract.

Section 5.16   Insurance. Parent is covered by valid and currently effective insurance policies issued in favor of Parent that are customary and adequate for companies of similar size in the industries and locations in which Parent operates. Parent has made available true and complete copies of all material insurance policies issued in favor of Parent, or pursuant to which Parent is a named insured or otherwise a beneficiary, as well as any historic incurrence-based policies still in force. With respect to each such insurance policy, (a) such policy is in full force and effect and all premiums due thereon have been paid, (b) as of the date of this Agreement, Parent has not received written notice that it is in breach or default, or that it has not taken any action or failed to take any action which (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) would constitute such a breach or default, or would permit termination or modification of, any such policy and (c) to the knowledge of Parent, no insurer issuing any such policy has been declared insolvent or placed in receivership, conservatorship or liquidation. To the knowledge of Parent, no cancellation or termination of any such policy will result from the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.

Section 5.17   Properties.

(a) Parent has good and valid title to, or in the case of leased property and leased tangible assets, a valid leasehold interest in, all of its real properties and tangible assets that are necessary for Parent to conduct its businesses as currently conducted free and clear of all Liens other than the Permitted Parent Liens. There are no outstanding options, rights of first refusal, rights of first offer, or similar rights in favor of any third party to purchase, lease, or otherwise acquire any interest in any such real property. Except as would not be material to Parent, the tangible personal property currently used in the operation of the business of Parent and all buildings, structures, and improvements located on the real property are in good working order (reasonable wear and tear excepted).

(b) Parent has complied with the terms of all leases to which it is a party, and all such leases are in full force and effect, except for any such noncompliance or failure to be in full force and effect that, individually or in the aggregate, is not or would not be material to Parent. Parent enjoys peaceful and undisturbed possession under all such leases, except for any such failure to do so that, individually or in the aggregate, is not or would not be material to Parent. There is no existing default or event of default (or event which with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute a default) by Parent or its Subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of Parent, by any other party under such lease, and Parent has not received or delivered any written notice alleging such default.

(c) Except as set forth on Section 5.17(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, Parent does not own any real property and has never owned any real property, nor is Parent party to any agreement to purchase or sell any real property. Section 5.17(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter sets forth a list of all real property currently leased, subleased or licensed by or from Parent or otherwise used or occupied by Parent (the “Parent Facilities”), the name of the lessor, licensor, sublessor, master lessor and/or lessee, the date and term of the lease, license, sublease or other occupancy right and each amendment thereto, the size of the premises, the amount and type of any security deposit, letter of credit or similar instrument required and delivered thereunder, all current and future rent (including, without limitation, base rent, additional rent, operating expenses, common area charges, taxes and utility costs) payable thereunder and an estimate of any costs that may be required by Parent to comply with the surrender and restoration provisions of the lease, license, sublease or other occupancy right, and all renewal or extension options, expansion rights, rights of first refusal, and rights of first offer applicable to such lease, license, sublease or other occupancy right. Parent has provided the Company with true, correct and complete copies of all leases, lease guaranties, licenses, subleases, agreements for the leasing, use or occupancy of, or otherwise granting a right in or relating to the Parent Facilities, including all notices exercising any extension or expansion rights thereunder and amendments, terminations, consents, subordination, non-disturbance and attornment agreements, estoppel certificates and other modifications thereof (the “Parent Lease Agreements”). All such Parent Lease Agreements are in full force and effect and are valid and enforceable in accordance with their respective terms. There is not, under any Parent Lease Agreements, any existing default or event of default (or event which with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default) of Parent, or to Parent’s knowledge, any other party thereto. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent does not, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not, result in any breach of or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or materially impair the rights of Parent or alter the rights or obligations of the sublessor, lessor or licensor under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of any Parent Lease Agreements, or otherwise adversely affect the continued use and possession of the Parent Facilities for the conduct of business as presently conducted.

(d) Section 5.17(d) of the Parent Disclosure Letter sets forth a list of all subleases, licenses or other agreements for the use or occupancy by any other parties of the Parent Facilities (the “Parent Subleased Premises”), the name of the sublessee, licensee or other occupant, the date and term of the sublease, license or other occupancy right and each amendment thereto, the size of the subleased or licensed premises, the amount and type of any security deposit, letter of credit or similar instrument required and delivered thereunder and all current and future rent (including, without limitation, base rent, additional rent, operating expenses, common area charges, taxes and utility costs) payable by the sublessee, licensee or other occupant thereunder. Parent has provided the Company with true, correct and complete copies of all subleases, licenses, agreements for the subleasing, use or occupancy of, or otherwise granting a right in or relating to the Parent Subleased Premises, including all notices exercising any extension or expansion rights thereunder and amendments, terminations, consents, subordination, non-disturbance and attornment agreements, estoppel certificates and other modifications thereof (the “Parent Sublease Agreements”). All such Parent Sublease Agreements are in full force and effect and are valid and enforceable in accordance with their respective terms. There is not, under any Parent Sublease Agreements, any existing default or event of default (or event which with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default) of Parent, or to the knowledge of Parent, any other party thereto.

(e) The Parent Facilities are in good operating condition and repair. Parent is not required to pay for or perform (or reasonably expects to be required to pay for or perform) any material maintenance, repair or replacements obligations under any Parent Lease Agreement, including, without limitation, the payment for or performance of any alterations or improvements to cause the Parent Facilities to comply with applicable Law. To Parent’s knowledge, the Parent Facilities do not violate any Law relating to such property or operations thereon. Except as set forth on Section 5.17(e) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, (i) Parent is not party to any agreement or subject to any claim that may require the payment of any real estate brokerage commissions, (ii) Parent does not owe any commissions or other similar fees with respect to any of the Parent Facilities, Parent Lease Agreements or Parent Sublease Agreements, (iii) there are no pending or, to Parent’s knowledge, threatened condemnation, eminent domain, zoning change, or similar proceedings affecting any Parent Facility, and (iv) there are no unrecorded easements, covenants, licenses, or other restrictions that materially impair the current use of any Parent Facility.

(f)   This Section 5.17 does not relate to Intellectual Property, which is the subject of Section 5.18.

Section 5.18   Intellectual Property.

(a) Section 5.18(a) of the Parent Disclosure Letter sets forth a true and complete list of all of the following that are owned by or licensed to Parent: (i) patents and patent applications; (ii) trademark registrations and applications; and (iii) material copyright registrations and applications ((i)-(iii), collectively, “Parent Registered IP”) and domain names. Except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect (A) all of the Parent Registered IP owned by Parent, and with respect to Parent Registered IP not owned by Parent, to the knowledge of Parent, is subsisting, (B) any Parent Registered IP that is registered or issued is, to the knowledge of Parent, valid and enforceable, (C) as of the date of this Agreement, Parent has not received written notice that (x) any such Parent Registered IP is involved in any interference, reissue, derivation, reexamination, opposition, cancellation or similar proceeding contesting the validity, enforceability, claim construction, ownership or right to use, sell, offer for sale, license or dispose of any Parent Registered IP, or (y) any such action is threatened with respect to any of the Parent Registered IP, (D) all Parent Registered IP owned by Parent is owned exclusively by Parent, free and clear of any and all Liens (other than Permitted Parent Liens), and any Parent Registered IP not owned by Parent is, to the knowledge of Parent, free and clear of any and all Liens (other than Permitted Parent Liens), and (E) all patents or patent applications in the Parent Owned IP that are not Parent Registered IP are free and clear of any and all Liens (other than Permitted Parent Liens).

(b) Section 5.18(b) of the Parent Disclosure Letter accurately identifies (i) all Contracts pursuant to which any Intellectual Property is licensed to Parent (other than (A) any generally commercially available software and Intellectual Property associated with such software, in each case that is licensed on a non-exclusive basis to Parent, (B) any Intellectual Property licensed on a nonexclusive basis ancillary to the purchase or use of equipment, reagents or other materials, (C) any confidential information provided under confidentiality agreements and (D) agreements between Parent and its employees in Parent’s standard form thereof).

(c) Section 5.18(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter accurately identifies each Contract pursuant to which any Person has been granted any license (or option to license) under, or otherwise has received or acquired, any Parent Registered IP (other than (i) any confidential information provided under confidentiality agreements and (ii) any Parent Registered IP licensed to academic collaborators, suppliers or service providers for the sole purpose of enabling such academic collaborator, supplier or service providers to provide services for Company’s benefit), in each case that is exercisable by such Person after the Closing Date.

(d) Parent has taken commercially reasonable measures to maintain the confidentiality of all information that constitutes or constituted a material Trade Secret of Parent, including requiring all Persons having access thereto to execute written non-disclosure agreements or other binding obligations to maintain confidentiality of such information.

(e) (i) To the knowledge of Parent, the conduct of the businesses of Parent, including the manufacture, marketing, offering for sale, sale, importation, use or intended use or other disposal of any product as currently sold or under development by Parent, has not, in the six (6) years immediately preceding the date hereof, misappropriated or diluted, and does not infringe, misappropriate or dilute, any Intellectual Property of any Person, (ii) Parent has not received any written notice or claim asserting or suggesting that any such infringement, misappropriation, or dilution is or may be occurring or has or may have occurred, and (iii) to the knowledge of Parent, no Person is infringing, misappropriating, or diluting any Parent Registered IP.

(f)   Except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect, in the three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof: (i) Parent has taken commercially reasonable steps designed to protect the confidentiality and security of the computer and information technology systems used by Parent (the “Parent IT Systems”) and the information stored or contained therein or transmitted thereby, (ii) to the knowledge of Parent, there has been no unauthorized or improper use, loss, access, transmittal, modification or corruption of any such information in the possession or control of Parent.

(g) (i) In the three (3) years immediately preceding the date hereof, to the knowledge of Parent, Parent has complied in all material respects with all Laws relating to privacy and data protection applicable to the collection, retention, and use by Parent of Personal Information (“Parent Privacy Laws”), (ii) no claims by or before any Governmental Entity have been asserted or, to the knowledge of Parent, have been threatened in writing against Parent alleging a violation of any applicable Parent Privacy Laws, (iii) neither this Agreement nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will breach or otherwise violate any Parent Privacy Laws in any material respect, and (iv) Parent has taken commercially reasonable steps designed to protect any Personal Information collected, retained or used by Parent against unauthorized or improper use, loss, access or transmittal.

(h) To the knowledge of Parent, no government funding, facilities or resources of a university, college, other educational institution or research center or funding from third parties was used in the development of the Parent Registered IP, and no Governmental Entity, university, college, other educational institution or research center has, to the knowledge of Parent, any claim or right in or to such Parent Registered IP.

(i) Except as set forth on Section 5.18(i) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, the execution, delivery and performance by Parent of this Agreement, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, will not result in the loss of, or give rise to any right of any third party to terminate or modify any of Parent’s rights or obligations under any agreement under which Parent grants to any Person, or any Person grants to Parent, a license or right under or with respect to any Intellectual Property that is material to any of the businesses of Parent, including any of the agreements listed in Section 5.18(b) or Section 5.18(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter.

Section 5.19   Related Party Transactions. Since January 1, 2023 through the date of this Agreement, there have been no transactions, agreements, arrangements or understandings between Parent, on the one hand, and the Affiliates of Parent, on the other hand that would be required to be disclosed under Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act and that have not been so disclosed in the Parent SEC Documents.

Section 5.20   Certain Payments. Neither Parent nor, to the knowledge of Parent, any of its directors, executives, representatives, agents or employees (a) has used or is using any corporate funds for any illegal contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity, (b) has used or is using any corporate funds for any direct or indirect unlawful payments to any foreign or domestic governmental officials or employees, (c) has violated or is violating any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or similar applicable Laws, (d) has established or maintained, or is maintaining, any unlawful fund of corporate monies or other properties, or (e) has made any bribe, unlawful rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment of any nature.

Section 5.21   Brokers. No broker, investment banker, financial advisor or other Person, other than as set forth on Section 5.21 of the Parent Disclosure Letter (the “Parent Financial Advisor”), the fees and expenses of which will be paid by Parent, is entitled to any broker’s, finder’s, financial advisor’s or other similar fee or commission in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of Parent. Parent has furnished to Company a true and complete copy of any Contract between Parent and the Parent Financial Advisor pursuant to which Parent Financial Advisor could be entitled to any payment from Parent relating to the transactions contemplated hereby.

Section 5.22   Opinion of Financial Advisor. Parent Board has received the opinion of the Parent Financial Advisor to the effect that, as of the date of such opinion and based upon and subject to the various limitations, qualifications, assumptions, conditions and other matters set forth in such opinion, the issuance of the Merger Consideration by Parent pursuant to this Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to Parent. It is agreed and understood that such opinion is for the benefit of the Parent Board and may not be relied upon by the Company. Parent will make available to the Company a signed copy of such opinion for informational purposes only as soon as reasonably practicable following the date of this Agreement.

Section 5.23   State Takeover Statutes. No Takeover Laws or any similar anti-takeover provision in the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of Parent applicable to Parent is, or at the Effective Time will be, applicable to this Agreement, the Merger, the Parent Common Stock Issuance, or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby. The Parent Board, the Intermediate Parent board, the Intermediate board and the Merger Sub board have taken and will take all actions necessary to ensure that the restrictions on business combinations set forth in Sections 78.411 through 78.444 of the Nevada Revised Statutes are, and will be, inapplicable to the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

Section 5.24   Disclosure Documents. The information relating to Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub and their Subsidiaries and stockholders that is provided by or on behalf of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub for inclusion in the Proxy Statement or any other filing with the SEC in connection herewith will not, (i) in the case of the Proxy Statement, at the time the Proxy Statement or any amendment or supplement thereto is first mailed to the stockholders of Parent and at the time of the Parent Stockholder Meeting and (ii) in the case of any other filing with the SEC in connection herewith, at the time such filing is made, contain any untrue statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading.

Section 5.25   No Other Representations or Warranties. Except for the representations and warranties contained in Article IV, each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub acknowledges and agrees that none of the Company or any other Person on behalf of the Company makes any other express or implied representation or warranty whatsoever, and specifically (but without limiting the generality of the foregoing) that none of the Company, its Subsidiaries or any other Person on behalf of the Company makes any representation or warranty with respect to any projections or forecasts delivered or made available to Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub or any of their respective Representatives of future revenues, results of operations (or any component thereof), cash flows or financial condition (or any component thereof) of the Company (including any such projections or forecasts made available to Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub or any of their respective Representatives in certain “data rooms” or management presentations in expectation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement), and none of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub has relied on any such information or any representation or warranty not set forth in Article IV.

Article VI
COVENANTS

Section 6.1 Operation of Parent’s Business.

(a) Except as expressly contemplated or permitted by this Agreement, as required by applicable Law or unless the Company shall otherwise consent in writing (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), during the period commencing on the date of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier to occur of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Article IX and the Effective Time (the “Pre-Closing Period”), Parent shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, use commercially reasonable efforts to conduct its business and operations in the ordinary course of business and in material compliance with the applicable Law and the requirements of all Contracts that constitute Parent Material Contracts.

(b) Except as expressly contemplated or permitted by this Agreement, as required by applicable Law or unless the Company shall otherwise consent in writing (which may be withheld in the sole discretion of the Company), during the Pre-Closing Period, Parent shall take the actions set forth in Section 6.1(b) of the Parent Disclosure Letter.

(c) Except (w) as expressly contemplated or permitted by this Agreement or the Convertible Financing, (x) as set forth in Section 6.1(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, (y) as required by applicable Law or (z) with the prior written consent of the Company (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), at all times during the Pre-Closing Period, Parent shall not, nor shall it cause or permit any of its Subsidiaries to, do any of the following:

(i) declare, accrue, set aside or pay any dividend or make any other distribution in respect of any shares of its capital stock or repurchase, redeem or otherwise reacquire any shares of its capital stock or other securities (except for shares of Parent Common Stock from terminated employees, directors or consultants of Parent in accordance with agreements in effect on the date of this Agreement providing for the repurchase of shares at no more than the purchase price thereof in connection with any termination of services to Parent or any of its Subsidiaries);

(ii) sell, issue, grant, pledge or otherwise dispose of or encumber or authorize the issuance of: (A) any capital stock or other security (except for Parent Common Stock issued upon the valid exercise or settlement of outstanding Parent Options or Parent Restricted Stock Awards as applicable), (B) any option, restricted stock, restricted stock unit, warrant or right to acquire any capital stock or any other security or (C) any instrument convertible into or exchangeable for any capital stock or other security;

(iii) except as required to give effect to anything in contemplation of the Closing, including the Nasdaq Reverse Stock Split, amend any of its organizational documents, or effect or be a party to any merger, consolidation, share exchange, business combination, recapitalization, reclassification of shares, stock split, reverse stock split or similar transaction except, for the avoidance of doubt, the transactions contemplated hereby;

(iv) form any Subsidiary or acquire any equity interest or other interest in any other entity or enter into a joint venture with any other entity;

(v) (A) lend money to any Person (other than routine advances to employees of Parent or its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice), (B) incur or guarantee any indebtedness for borrowed money, (C) guarantee any debt securities of others or (D) make any capital expenditure or commitment, in each case, in excess of $500,000, in aggregate amount;

(vi) other than as required by applicable Law or the terms of any Parent Plan in effect as of the date of this Agreement: (A) adopt, establish or enter into any Parent Plan, including, for the avoidance of doubt, any equity award plans, (B) cause or permit any Parent Plan to be amended other than as required by law or in order to make amendments for the purposes of Section 409A of the Code, (C) pay any bonus or make any profit-sharing or similar payment to (except with respect to obligations in place on the date of this Agreement pursuant to any Parent Plan), or increase the amount of the wages, salary, commissions, fringe benefits or other compensation or remuneration payable to, any of its employees, directors or consultants (other than general pay increases, including in connection with promotions, made in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice), (D) increase the severance or change of control benefits offered to any current or new employees, directors or consultants, (E) hire any employee that would be entitled to receive annual base cash compensation in excess of $125,000 or more or terminate any employee that would be material to Parent, (F) promote any officers or employees, except in connection with Parent’s or its Subsidiaries’ annual or quarterly compensation review cycle or as the result of the termination or resignation of any officer or employee, or (G) enter into any collective bargaining agreement or recognize or certify any labor union, labor organization, works council or group of employees as the bargaining representative for any employees of Parent or its Subsidiaries;

(vii) other than in the ordinary course of business and other than in connection with the liquidation of obsolete inventory and obsolete fixed assets no longer being used by Parent or its Subsidiaries for its core operations, acquire any material asset other than in the ordinary course or sell, lease, license or otherwise irrevocably dispose of any of its assets or properties, or grant any Lien (other than a Permitted Parent Lien) with respect to such assets or properties;

(viii) make (other than consistent with past practice), change or revoke any material Tax election; file any material amendment to any Tax Return; settle or compromise any material Tax claim; waive or extend any statute of limitations in respect of a period within which an assessment or reassessment of material Taxes may be issued (other than any extension pursuant to an extension to file any Tax Return); enter into any “closing agreement” as described in Section 7121 of the Code (or any similar Law) with any Governmental Entity; or adopt or change any material accounting method in respect of Taxes;

(ix) waive, settle or compromise any pending or threatened Action against Parent or any of its Subsidiaries;

(x) delay or fail to repay when due any material obligation, including accounts payable and accrued expenses, other than in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice;

(xi) forgive any loans to any Person, including its employees, officers, directors or Affiliates;

(xii) sell, assign, transfer, license, sublicense or otherwise dispose of any Parent Registered IP;

(xiii) terminate or modify in any material respect, or fail to exercise renewal rights with respect to, any material insurance policy;

(xiv) enter into, amend, terminate, or waive any material option or right under, any Parent Material Contract;

(xv) enter into any agreement to purchase or sell any interest in real property, grant any security interest in any real property, enter into any lease, sublease, license or other occupancy agreement with respect to any real property or alter, amend, modify, exercise any extension or expansion right under or violate or terminate any of the terms of any Parent Lease Agreements or Parent Sublease Agreements;

(xvi) other than as required by Law, GAAP, or in response to any comment issued by the SEC, take any action to change accounting policies or procedures in any material respect;

(xvii) agree, resolve or commit to do any of the foregoing.

Nothing contained in this Agreement shall give the Company, directly or indirectly, the right to control or direct the operations of Parent prior to the Effective Time. Prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall exercise, consistent with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, complete unilateral control and supervision over its business operations.

Section 6.2 Operation of Company’s Business.

(a) Except as expressly contemplated or permitted by this Agreement, as required by applicable Law or unless Parent shall otherwise consent in writing (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), during the Pre-Closing Period, the Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, use commercially reasonable efforts to conduct its business and operations in the ordinary course of business and in material compliance with the applicable Law and the requirements of all Contracts that constitute Company Material Contracts.

(b) Except (i) as expressly contemplated or permitted by this Agreement or the Convertible Financing, (ii) as set forth in Section 6.2(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter, (iii) as required by applicable Law or (iv) with the prior written consent of Parent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), at all times during the Pre-Closing Period, the Company shall not, nor shall it cause or permit any of its Subsidiaries to, do any of the following:

(i) declare, accrue, set aside or pay any dividend or make any other distribution in respect of any shares of its capital stock or repurchase, redeem or otherwise reacquire any shares of its capital stock or other securities (except for shares of Company Capital Stock from terminated employees, directors or consultants of the Company in accordance with agreements in effect on the date of this Agreement providing for the repurchase of shares at no more than the purchase price thereof in connection with any termination of services to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries);

(ii) sell, issue, grant, pledge or otherwise dispose of or encumber or authorize the issuance of: (A) any capital stock or other security (except for Company Capital Stock issued upon the valid exercise or settlement of outstanding Company Options), (B) any option, restricted stock, restricted stock unit, warrant or right to acquire any capital stock or any other security or (C) any instrument convertible into or exchangeable for any capital stock or other security (other than the grant of Company Options under the Company Equity Incentive Plans in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice);

(iii) except as required to give effect to anything in contemplation of the Closing, amend any of its organizational documents, or effect or be a party to any merger, consolidation, share exchange, business combination, recapitalization, reclassification of shares, stock split, reverse stock split or similar transaction except, for the avoidance of doubt, the transactions contemplated hereby;

(iv) form any Subsidiary or acquire any equity interest or other interest in any other entity or enter into a joint venture with any other entity;

(v) (A) lend money to any Person (other than routine advances to employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice, pursuant to Company Plans), (B) incur or guarantee any material indebtedness for borrowed money, (C) guarantee any debt securities of others, in each case of (A), (B) and (C), in excess of $500,000, or (D) make any capital expenditures or commitments that are more than $150,000 greater than the Company’s forecasted capital expenditures;

(vi) other than in the ordinary course of business and other than in connection with the liquidation of obsolete inventory and obsolete fixed assets no longer being used by the Company or its Subsidiaries for its core operations, acquire any material asset or sell, lease, license or otherwise irrevocably dispose of any of its material assets or properties, or grant any Lien with respect to such assets or properties;

(vii) make (other than consistent with past practice), change or revoke any material Tax election; file any material amendment to any Tax Return; settle or compromise any material Tax claim; waive or extend any statute of limitations in respect of a period within which an assessment or reassessment of material Taxes may be issued (other than any extension pursuant to an extension to file any Tax Return); enter into any “closing agreement” as described in Section 7121 of the Code (or any similar Law) with any Governmental Entity; or adopt or change any material accounting method in respect of Taxes;

(viii) waive, settle or compromise any pending or threatened Action against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, other than waivers, settlements or agreements (A) for an amount not in excess of $250,000 in the aggregate (excluding amounts to be paid under existing insurance policies or renewals thereof) and (B) that do not impose any material restrictions on the operations or businesses of the Company, taken as a whole, or any equitable relief on, or the admission of wrongdoing by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;

(ix) delay or fail to repay when due any material obligation, including accounts payable and accrued expenses, other than in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice;

(x) forgive any material loans to any Person, including its employees, officers, directors or Affiliates;

(xi) sell, assign, transfer, license, sublicense or otherwise dispose of any material Intellectual Property of the Company (other than in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice);

(xii) terminate or modify in any material respect, or fail to exercise renewal rights with respect to, any material insurance policy, in each case, without obtaining commercially reasonable alternatives; or

(xiii) agree, resolve or commit to do any of the foregoing.

Nothing contained in this Agreement shall give Parent, directly or indirectly, the right to control or direct the operations of the Company prior to the Effective Time. Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall exercise, consistent with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, complete unilateral control and supervision over its business operations.

Section 6.3 Access and Investigation.

(a) Subject to the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement, which the parties agree will continue in full force following the date of this Agreement, during the Pre-Closing Period, upon reasonable notice, Parent, on the one hand, and the Company, on the other hand, shall and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such party’s Representatives to: (i) provide the other party and such other party’s Representatives with reasonable access during normal business hours to such party’s Representatives, personnel, property and assets and to all existing books, records, Tax Returns, work papers and other documents and information relating to such party and its Subsidiaries, (ii) provide the other party and such other party’s Representatives with such copies of the existing books, records, Tax Returns, work papers, product data and other documents and information relating to such party and its Subsidiaries, and with such additional financial, operating and other data and information regarding such party and its Subsidiaries as the other party may reasonably request, (iii) permit the other party’s officers and other employees to meet, upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours, with the chief financial officer and other officers and managers of such party responsible for such party’s financial statements and the internal controls of such party to discuss such matters as the other party may deem necessary, and (iv) make available to the other party copies of any material notice, report or other document filed with or sent to or received from any Governmental Entity in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby. Any investigation conducted by either Parent or the Company pursuant to this Section 6.3 shall be conducted in such manner as not to interfere unreasonably with the conduct of the business of the other party.

(b) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary in this Section 6.3, no access or examination contemplated by this Section 6.3 shall be permitted to the extent that it would require any party or its Subsidiaries (i) to waive the attorney-client privilege or attorney work product privilege, (ii) violate any applicable Law or (iii) breach such party’s confidentiality obligations to a third party; provided, that such party or its Subsidiary (A) shall be entitled to withhold only such information that may not be provided without causing such violation or waiver, (B) shall provide to the other party all related information that may be provided without causing such violation or waiver (including, to the extent permitted, redacted versions of any such information), (C) shall enter into such effective and appropriate joint-defense agreements or other protective arrangements as may be reasonably requested by the other party in order that all such information may be provide to the other party without causing such violation or waiver, and (D) in the case of subsection (iii) above, upon the other party’s reasonable request, such party shall use its reasonable efforts to obtain such third party’s consent to permit such other party access to such information, subject to appropriate confidentiality protections.

Section 6.4 No Solicitation.

(a) Each of Parent and the Company agrees that, during the Pre-Closing Period, neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall, nor shall it or any of its Subsidiaries authorize any of its Representatives to, directly or indirectly: (i) solicit, initiate or knowingly encourage, induce or facilitate the communication, making, submission or announcement of any Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry or take any action that could reasonably be expected to lead to an Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry, (ii) furnish any nonpublic information regarding such party to any Person in connection with or in response to an Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry, (iii) engage in discussions or negotiations with any Person with respect to any Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry, (iv) approve, endorse or recommend any Acquisition Proposal (subject to Section 7.2 and Section 7.3), (v) execute or enter into any letter of intent or any Contract contemplating or otherwise relating to any Acquisition Transaction, (vi) take any action that could reasonably be expected to lead to an Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry or (vii) publicly propose to do any of the following; provided, however, that, notwithstanding anything contained in this Section 6.4 and subject to compliance with this Section 6.4, prior to obtaining the Parent Stockholder Approval, Parent may furnish nonpublic information regarding Parent and its Subsidiaries to, and enter into discussions or negotiations with, any Person in response to a bona fide written Acquisition Proposal by such Person which the Parent Board determines in good faith, after consultation with its financial advisors and outside legal counsel, constitutes, or is reasonably likely to result in, a Superior Offer (and is not withdrawn) if: (A) neither Parent nor any Representative of Parent shall have breached this Section 6.4 in any material respect, (B) the Parent Board concludes in good faith, after consulting with outside counsel, that the failure to take such action would reasonably be expected to constitute a violation of the Parent Board’s fiduciary duties under applicable Law, (C) prior to initially furnishing any such nonpublic information to, or entering into discussions with, such Person, Parent receives from such Person an executed Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement and (D) prior to furnishing any such nonpublic information to such Person, Parent furnishes such nonpublic information to the Company (to the extent such information has not been previously furnished by Parent to the Company). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each party acknowledges and agrees that, in the event any Representative of such party takes any action that, if taken by such party, would constitute a breach of this Section 6.4 by such party, the taking of such action by such Representative shall be deemed to constitute a breach of this Section 6.4 by such party for purposes of this Agreement.

(b) If any party or any Representative of such party receives in writing an Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry at any time during the Pre-Closing Period, then such party shall promptly (and in no event later than one (1) Business Day after such party becomes aware of such Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry) advise the other party in writing of such Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry (including the terms thereof). Such party shall keep the other party reasonably informed with respect to the status and terms of any such Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry and any material modification or material proposed modification thereto.

(c) Each party shall immediately cease and cause to be terminated any existing discussions, negotiations and communications with any Person that relate to any Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry as of the date of this Agreement and request the destruction or return of any nonpublic information provided to such person as soon as reasonably practicable after the date of this Agreement.

Section 6.5 Notification of Certain Matters. During the Pre-Closing Period, each of the Company, on the one hand, and Parent, on the other hand, shall promptly notify the other (and, if in writing, furnish copies of) if any of the following occurs: (a) any notice or other communication is received from any Person alleging that the consent of such Person is or may be required in connection with any of the transactions contemplated hereby, (b) any Action against or involving or otherwise affecting such party or its Subsidiaries is commenced, or, to the knowledge of such party, threatened against such party or, to the knowledge of such party, any director, officer or employee of such party, (c) such party becomes aware of any inaccuracy in any representation or warranty made by such party in this Agreement or (d) the failure of such party to comply with any covenant or obligation of such party; in each case that could reasonably be expected to make the timely satisfaction of any of the conditions set forth in Article VIII, as applicable, impossible or materially less likely. No such notice shall be deemed to supplement or amend the Company Disclosure Letter or the Parent Disclosure Letter for the purpose of (x) determining the accuracy of any of the representations and warranties made by the Company in this Agreement or (y) determining whether any condition set forth in Article VIII has been satisfied. Any failure by either party to provide notice pursuant to this Section 6.5 shall not be deemed to be a breach for purposes of Section 8.2(b) and Section 8.3(b), as applicable, unless such failure to provide such notice was knowing and intentional.

Article VII
ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS

Section 7.1 Proxy Statement.

(a) As promptly as practicable after the date of this Agreement, Parent shall prepare and file with the SEC a preliminary Proxy Statement relating to the Parent Stockholder Meeting to be held in connection with the Merger. Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to (i) cause the Proxy Statement to comply with the applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC, (ii) respond promptly to any comments or requests of the SEC or its staff relating to the Proxy Statement, and (iii) following (A) confirmation by the SEC that it has no further comments or (B) expiration of the 10-day waiting period contemplated by Rule 14a-6(a) promulgated under the Exchange Act, Parent shall cause the Proxy Statement in definitive form to be mailed to the stockholders of Parent as promptly as practicable thereafter. Each of the parties shall reasonably cooperate with the other party and furnish all information concerning itself and their Affiliates, as applicable, to the other parties that is required by law to be include in the Proxy Statement as the other parties may reasonably request in connection with such actions and the preparation of the Proxy Statement.

(b) Parent covenants and agrees that the Proxy Statement (and the letter to stockholders, notice of meeting and form of proxy included therewith) will (i) comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of applicable U.S. federal securities laws and the Nevada Revised Statutes, and (ii) will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company covenants and agrees that the information supplied by or on behalf of the Company, concerning itself, to Parent for inclusion in the Proxy Statement (including the Company Interim Financial Statements) will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make such information, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither party makes any covenant, representation or warranty with respect to statements made in the Proxy Statement (and the letter to stockholders, notice of meeting and form of proxy included therewith), if any, based on information provided by the other party or any of their Representatives regarding such other party or its Affiliates for inclusion therein.

(c) If at any time before the Effective Time (i) any party (A) becomes aware of any event or information that, pursuant to the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, should be disclosed in an amendment or supplement to the Proxy Statement, (B) receives notice of any SEC request for an amendment or supplement to the Proxy Statement or for additional information related thereto, or (C) receives SEC comments on the Proxy Statement, or (ii) the information provided in the Proxy Statement has become “stale” and new information should be disclosed in an amendment or supplement to the Proxy Statement; then, in each case such party, as the case may be, shall promptly inform the other parties thereof and shall cooperate with such other parties in filing such amendment or supplement with the SEC (and, if appropriate, in mailing such amendment or supplement to Parent’s stockholders) or otherwise addressing such SEC request or comments and each party shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to cause any such amendment to become effective, if required. Parent shall promptly notify the Company if it becomes aware of any order of the SEC related to the Proxy Statement, and shall promptly provide to the Company copies of all written correspondence between it or any of its Representatives, on the one hand, and the SEC or staff of the SEC, on the other hand, with respect to the Proxy Statement and all orders of the SEC relating to the Proxy Statement.

(d) The Company shall reasonably cooperate with Parent and provide, and cause its Representatives to provide, Parent and its Representatives, with all true, correct and complete information regarding the Company that is required by law to be included in the Proxy Statement or reasonably requested by Parent to be included in the Proxy Statement. Without limiting the Company’s obligations in Section 7.1(a), the Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to cause to be delivered to Parent a letter of the Company’s independent accounting firm, dated no more than two (2) Business Days before the date on which the Proxy Statement becomes effective (and reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to Parent), that is customary in scope and substance for letters delivered by independent public accountants in connection with proxy statements similar to the Proxy Statement.

(e) The Company and its legal counsel shall be given reasonable opportunity to review and comment on the Proxy Statement, including all amendments and supplements thereto, prior to the filing thereof with the SEC, and on the response to any comments of the SEC on the Proxy Statement, prior to the filing thereof with the SEC. No filing of, or amendment or supplement to, the Proxy Statement will be made by Parent, and no filing of, or amendment or supplement to, the Proxy Statement will be made by Parent, in each case, without the prior consent of the Company, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.

(f)   As promptly as reasonably practicable following the date of this Agreement, the Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to furnish to Parent audited financial statements for each of its fiscal years required to be included in the Proxy Statement (the “Company Audited Financial Statements”) and the Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to furnish to Parent unaudited interim financial statements for each interim period completed prior to Closing that would be required to be included in the Proxy Statement or any periodic report due prior to the Closing if the Company were subject to the periodic reporting requirements under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (the “Company Unaudited Interim Financial Statements”). Each of the Company Audited Financial Statements and the Company Interim Financial Statements will be suitable for inclusion in the Proxy Statement and prepared in accordance with GAAP as applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except in each case as described in the notes thereto).

Section 7.2 Company Stockholder Approval.

(a) Following the execution of this Agreement, and in any event no later than two (2) Business Days thereafter, the Company shall solicit for approval the Company Stockholder Approval. Under no circumstances shall the Company assert that any other approval or consent is necessary by its stockholders to approve this Agreement and the transaction contemplated herein.

(b) Reasonably promptly following receipt of the Company Stockholder Approval, the Company shall prepare and mail a notice (the “Stockholder Notice”) to every stockholder of the Company that did not execute a written consent with respect to the Company Stockholder Approval. The Stockholder Notice shall (i) be a statement to the effect that the Company Board determined that the Merger is advisable in accordance with Section 251(b) of the DGCL and in the best interests of the stockholders of the Company and approved and adopted this Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and (ii) provide the stockholders of the Company to whom it is sent with notice of the availability of appraisal rights and notice of the actions taken in the Company Stockholder Approval, including the adoption and approval of this Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby in accordance with Sections 228(e) and 262 of the DGCL and the organizational documents of the Company. Parent and its counsel shall be given reasonable opportunity to review and comment on all materials (including any amendments thereto) submitted to the stockholders of the Company in accordance with this Section 7.2(b).

(c) The Company agrees that, subject to Section 7.2(d): (i) the Company Board shall recommend that the Company’s stockholders vote to adopt and approve this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to solicit such approval within the time set forth in Section 7.2(a) (the recommendation of the Company board that the Company’s stockholders vote to adopt and approve this Agreement being referred to as the “Company Board Recommendation”) and (ii) the Company Board Recommendation shall not be withdrawn or modified (and the Company Board shall not publicly propose to withdraw or modify the Company Board Recommendation) in a manner adverse to Parent, and no resolution by the Company Board or any committee thereof to withdraw or modify the Company Board Recommendation in manner adverse to Parent or to adopt, approve or recommend (or publicly adopt, approve or recommend) any Acquisition Proposal shall be adopted or proposed (the actions set forth in the foregoing clause (ii), collectively, a “Company Board Adverse Recommendation Change”).

(d) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 7.2(c), and subject to compliance with Section 6.4 and 7.2, at any time prior to the receipt of the Company Stockholder Approval, (i) the Company receives a bona fide written Superior Offer or (ii) as a result of a material development or change in circumstances (other than any such event, development or change to the extent related to (A) any Acquisition Proposal, Acquisition Inquiry, Acquisition Transaction or the consequences thereof or (B) the fact, in and of itself, that the Company meets or exceeds internal budgets, plans or forecasts of its revenues, earnings or other financial performance or results of operations) that affects the business, assets or operations of the Company that occurs or arises after the date of this Agreement (a “Company Intervening Event”), the Company Board may make a Company Board Adverse Recommendation Change if, but only if (i) in the case of a Superior Offer, following the receipt of and on account of such Superior Offer, (1) the Company Board determines in good faith, after consulting with outside legal counsel, that the failure to withhold, amend, withdraw or modify such recommendation would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under applicable Law, (2) the Company has negotiated, and has caused its financial advisors and outside legal counsel to negotiate, during the Company Notice Period, with Parent in good faith to make such adjustments to the terms and conditions of this Agreement so that such Acquisition Proposal ceases to constitute a Superior Offer (to the extent Parent desires to negotiate) and (3) after Parent shall have delivered to the Company an irrevocable written offer to alter the terms or conditions of this Agreement during the Company Notice Period, the Company Board shall have determined in good faith, based on the advice of its outside legal counsel, that the failure to withhold, amend, withdraw or modify the Company Board Recommendation would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under applicable Law (after taking into account such alterations of the terms and conditions of this Agreement); provided that (x) Parent receives written notice from the Company confirming that the Company Board has determined to change its recommendation at least four (4) Business Days in advance of the Company Board Adverse Recommendation Change (the “Company Notice Period”), which notice shall include a description in reasonable detail of the reasons for such Company Board Adverse Recommendation Change, and written copies of any relevant proposed transaction agreements with any party making a potential Superior Offer, (y) during any Company Notice Period, Parent shall be entitled to deliver to the Company one or more counterproposals to such Acquisition Proposal and the Company will, and cause its Representatives to, negotiate with Parent in good faith (to the extent Parent desires to negotiate) to make such adjustments in the terms and conditions of this Agreement so that the applicable Acquisition Proposal ceases to constitute a Superior Offer and (z) in the event of any material amendment to any Superior Offer (including any revision in the amount, form or mix of consideration or percentage of the combined company that the Company’s stockholders would receive as a result of such potential Superior Offer), the Company shall be required to provide Parent with notice of such material amendment and the Company Notice Period shall be extended, if applicable, to ensure that at least two (2) Business Days remain in the Company Notice Period following such notification during which the parties shall comply again with the requirements of this Section 7.2(d) and the Company Board shall not make a Company Board Adverse Recommendation Change prior to the end of such Company Notice Period as so extended (it being understood that there may be multiple extensions) or (ii) in the case of a Company Intervening Event, the Company promptly notifies Parent, in writing, within the Company Notice Period before making a Company Board Adverse Recommendation Change, which notice shall state expressly the material facts and circumstances related to the applicable Company Intervening Event and that the Company Board intends to make a Company Board Adverse Recommendation Change.

Section 7.3 Parent Stockholders’ Meeting.

(a) Parent shall take all action necessary under applicable Law to call, give notice of and hold a meeting of the holders of Parent Common Stock (the “Parent Stockholder Meeting”) to present one or more proposals to the stockholders in order to obtain the Parent Stockholder Approval, including the Nasdaq Issuance Proposal, Equity Plan Proposal, the Charter Amendment Proposal, the Reverse Stock Split Proposal, and such other proposals that Parent and the Company may mutually agree upon (the “Parent Stockholder Proposals”). The Parent Stockholder Meeting shall be held as promptly as practicable following the earlier to occur of (i) confirmation by the SEC that it has no further comments on the preliminary Proxy Statement or (ii) expiration of the 10-day waiting period contemplated by Rule 14a-6(a) promulgated under the Exchange Act, and in any event no later than forty-five (45) days after such date. Parent shall take reasonable measures to ensure that all proxies solicited in connection with the Parent Stockholder Meeting are solicited in compliance with all applicable Law. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if on the date of the Parent Stockholder Meeting, or a date preceding the date on which the Parent Stockholder Meeting is scheduled, Parent reasonably believes that (A) it will not receive proxies sufficient to obtain the Parent Stockholder Approvals, whether or not a quorum would be present or (B) it will not have sufficient shares of Parent Common Stock represented (whether in person or by proxy) to constitute a quorum necessary to conduct the business of the Parent Stockholder Meeting, Parent may postpone or adjourn, or make one or more successive postponements or adjournments of, the Parent Stockholder Meeting as long as the date of the Parent Stockholder Meeting is not postponed or adjourned more than an aggregate of thirty (30) days in connection with any postponements or adjournments.

(b) Parent agrees that, subject to Section 7.3(c), (i) the Parent Board shall recommend that the holders of Parent Common Stock vote to approve the Parent Stockholder Proposals and shall solicit such approval within the timeframe set forth in Section 7.3(a) above and (ii) the Proxy Statement shall include a statement to the effect that the Parent Board recommends that Parent’s stockholders vote to approve the Parent Stockholder Proposals (the recommendation of the Parent Board being referred to as the “Parent Board Recommendation”) and (iii) the Parent Board Recommendation shall not be withheld, amended, withdrawn or modified (and the Parent Board shall not publicly propose to withhold, amend, withdraw or modify the Parent Board Recommendation) in a manner adverse to the Company, and no resolution by the Parent Board or any committee thereof to withdraw or modify the Parent Board Recommendation in a manner adverse to the Company or to adopt, approve or recommend (or publicly propose to adopt, approve or recommend) any Acquisition Proposal shall be adopted or proposed (the actions set forth in the foregoing clause (iii), collectively, a “Parent Board Adverse Recommendation Change”).

(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 7.3(b), and subject to compliance with Section 6.4 and Section 7.3, at any time prior to the approval of the Parent Stockholder Proposals by the Parent Stockholder Approval, (i) Parent receives a bona fide written Superior Offer or (ii) as a result of a material development or change in circumstances (other than any such event, development or change to the extent related to (A) any Acquisition Proposal, Acquisition Inquiry, Acquisition Transaction or the consequences thereof or (B) the fact, in and of itself, that Parent meets or exceeds internal budgets, plans or forecasts of its revenues, earnings or other financial performance or results of operations) that affects the business, assets or operations of Parent that occurs or arises after the date of this Agreement (a “Parent Intervening Event”), the Parent Board may make a Parent Board Adverse Recommendation Change if, but only if (i) in the case of a Superior Offer, following the receipt of and on account of such Superior Offer, (1) the Parent Board determines in good faith, after consulting with outside legal counsel, that the failure to withhold, amend, withdraw or modify such recommendation would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under applicable Law, (2) Parent has negotiated, and has caused its financial advisors and outside legal counsel to negotiate, during the Parent Notice Period, with the Company in good faith to make such adjustments to the terms and conditions of this Agreement so that such Acquisition Proposal ceases to constitute a Superior Offer (to the extent the Company desires to negotiate) and (3) after the Company shall have delivered to Parent an irrevocable written offer to alter the terms or conditions of this Agreement during the Parent Notice Period, the Parent Board shall have determined in good faith, based on the advice of its outside legal counsel, that the failure to withhold, amend, withdraw or modify the Parent Board Recommendation would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under applicable Law (after taking into account such alterations of the terms and conditions of this Agreement); provided that (x) the Company receives written notice from Parent confirming that the Parent Board has determined to change its recommendation at least four (4) Business Days in advance of the Parent Board Adverse Recommendation Change (the “Parent Notice Period”), which notice shall include a description in reasonable detail of the reasons for such Parent Board Adverse Recommendation Change, and written copies of any relevant proposed transaction agreements with any party making a potential Superior Offer, (y) during any Parent Notice Period, the Company shall be entitled to deliver to Parent one or more counterproposals to such Acquisition Proposal and Parent will, and cause its Representatives to, negotiate with the Company in good faith (to the extent the Company desires to negotiate) to make such adjustments in the terms and conditions of this Agreement so that the applicable Acquisition Proposal ceases to constitute a Superior Offer and (z) in the event of any material amendment to any Superior Offer (including any revision in the amount, form or mix of consideration or percentage of the combined company that Parent’s stockholders would receive as a result of such potential Superior Offer), Parent shall be required to provide the Company with notice of such material amendment and the Parent Notice Period shall be extended, if applicable, to ensure that at least two (2) Business Days remain in the Parent Notice Period following such notification during which the parties shall comply again with the requirements of this Section 7.3(c) and the Parent Board shall not make a Parent Board Adverse Recommendation Change prior to the end of such Parent Notice Period as so extended (it being understood that there may be multiple extensions) or (ii) in the case of a Parent Intervening Event, Parent promptly notifies the Company, in writing, within the Parent Notice Period before making a Parent Board Adverse Recommendation Change, which notice shall state expressly the material facts and circumstances related to the applicable Parent Intervening Event and that the Parent Board intends to make a Parent Board Adverse Recommendation Change.

(d) Parent’s obligation to call, give notice of and hold the Parent Stockholder meeting in accordance with Section 7.3(a) shall not be limited to or otherwise affected by the commencement, disclosure, announcement or submission of any Superior Offer or Acquisition Proposal, or by any withdrawal or modification of the Parent Board Recommendation or any Parent Board Adverse Recommendation Change.

(e) Nothing contained in this Agreement shall prohibit Parent or the Parent Board from complying with Rules 14d-9 and 14e-2(a) promulgated under the Exchange Act; provided however, that any disclosure made by Parent or the Parent Board pursuant to Rules 14d- 9 and 14e-2(a) shall be limited to a statement that Parent is unable to take a position with respect to the bidder’s tender offer unless the Parent Board determines in good faith, after consultation with its outside legal counsel, that such statement would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under applicable Law.

Section 7.4 Efforts; Regulatory Approvals; Transaction Litigation.

(a) The parties shall use commercially reasonable efforts to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each party: (i) shall make all filings and other submissions (if any) and give all notices (if any) required to be made and given by such party in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain each consent (if any) reasonably required to be obtained (pursuant to any applicable law or Contract, or otherwise) by such party in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby or for such Contract to remain in full force and effect, (iii) shall use commercially reasonable efforts to lift any injunction prohibiting, or any other legal bar to, the transactions contemplated hereby and (iv) shall use commercially reasonable efforts to satisfy the conditions precedent to the consummations of this Agreement.

(b) Notwithstanding the generality of the foregoing, each party shall use commercially reasonable efforts to file or otherwise submit, as soon as practicable after the date of this Agreement, all applications, notices, reports and other documents reasonably required to be filed by such party with or otherwise submitted by such party to any Governmental Entity with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, and to submit promptly any additional information requested by any such Governmental Entity.

(c) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Parent shall give the Company prompt (but no later than within two (2) Business Days) written notice of any litigation threatened or in writing against Parent and/or its directors relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby (the “Transaction Litigation”) (including by providing copies of all pleadings with respect thereto) and keep the Company reasonably informed with respect to the status thereof. Parent will (i) give the Company the opportunity to participate in the defense, settlement or prosecution of any Transaction Litigation (at the Company’s sole expense), (ii) consult with the Company with respect to the defense, settlement and prosecution of any Transaction Litigation, (iii) consider in good faith the Company’s advice with respect to such Transaction Litigation, and (iv) will not settle or consent or agree to settle or compromise any Transaction Litigation without the Company’s prior written consent (which such consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned, or delayed).

Section 7.5 Indemnification, Exculpation and Insurance.

(a) From the Effective Time through the sixth (6th) anniversary of the date on which the Effective Time occurs, each of Parent and the Surviving Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each Person who is now, or has been at any time prior to the date hereof, or who becomes prior to the Effective Time, a director or officer of Parent or the Company or any of their Subsidiaries, respectively (the “D&O Indemnified Parties”), against all claims, losses, liabilities, damages, judgments, fines and reasonable fees, costs and expenses, including attorneys’ fees and disbursements, incurred in connection with any claim, Action, suit, proceeding or investigation, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, arising out of or pertaining to the fact that the D&O Indemnified Party is or was a director or officer of Parent or of the Company, whether asserted or claimed prior to, at or after the Effective Time, in each case, to the fullest extent permitted under the DGCL and the Nevada Revised Statutes. Each D&O Indemnified Party will be entitled to advancement of expenses incurred in the defense of any such claim, action, suit, proceeding or investigation from each of Parent and the Surviving Company, jointly and severally, upon receipt by Parent or the Surviving Company from the D&O Indemnified Party of a request therefor; provided, that any such D&O Indemnified Party to whom expenses are advanced provides an undertaking to Parent, to the extent then required by the DGCL and the Nevada Revised Statutes, to repay such advances if it is ultimately determined that such D&O Indemnified Party is not entitled to indemnification.

(b) The provisions of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of Parent with respect to indemnification, advancement of expenses and exculpation of present and former directors and officers of Parent that are presently set forth in the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of Parent shall not be amended, modified or repealed for a period of six (6) years from the Effective Time in a manner that would adversely affect the rights thereunder of individuals who, at or prior to the Effective Time, were officers or directors of Parent, unless such modification is required by applicable Law. The certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Company shall contain, and Parent shall cause the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Company to so contain, provisions no less favorable with respect to indemnification, advancement of expenses and exculpation of present and former directors and officers as those presently set forth in the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of Parent.

(c) From and after the Effective Time, (i) the Surviving Company shall fulfill and honor in all respects the obligations of the Company to its D&O Indemnified Parties as of immediately prior to the Closing pursuant to any indemnification provisions under the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ organizational documents and pursuant to any indemnification agreements between the Company or its Subsidiaries and such D&O Indemnified Parties, with respect to claims arising out of matters occurring at or prior to the Effective Time and (ii) Parent shall fulfill and honor in all respects the obligations of Parent to its D&O Indemnified Parties as of immediately prior to the Closing pursuant to any indemnification provisions under Parent’s and its Subsidiaries’ organizational documents and pursuant to any indemnification agreements between Parent or its Subsidiaries and such D&O Indemnified Parties, with respect to claims arising out of matters occurring at or prior to the Effective Time.

(d) From and after the Effective Time, Parent shall maintain directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies, with an effective date as of the Closing Date, on commercially available terms and conditions and with coverage limits customary for U.S. public companies similarly situated to Parent. In addition, Parent shall purchase, prior to the Effective Time, a six-year prepaid “D&O tail policy” for the non-cancellable extension of the directors’ and officers’ liability coverage of Parent’s existing directors’ and officers’ insurance policies for a claims reporting or discovery period of at least six years from and after the Effective Time with terms, conditions, retentions and limits of liability that are no less favorable than the coverage provided under Parent’s existing policies as of the date of this Agreement with respect to any actual or alleged error, misstatement, misleading statement, act, omission, neglect, breach of duty or any matter claimed against a director or officer of Parent by reason of him or her serving in such capacity that existed or occurred at or prior to the Effective Time (including in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby).

(e) From and after the Effective Time, Parent shall pay all expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, that are incurred by the persons referred to in this Section 7.5 in connection with their enforcement of the rights provided to such persons in this Section 7.5.

(f) The provisions of this Section 7.5 are intended to be in addition to the rights otherwise available to the current and former officers and directors of Parent and the Company by Law, charter, statute, bylaw or agreement, and shall operate for the benefit of, and shall be enforceable by, each of the D&O Indemnified Parties, their heirs and their Representatives.

(g) In the event Parent or the Surviving Company or any of their respective successors or assigns (i) consolidates with or merges into any other Person and shall not be the continuing or surviving company or entity of such consolidation or merger or (ii) transfers all or substantially all of its properties and assets to any Person, then, and in each such case, proper provision shall be made so that the successors and assigns of Parent or the Surviving Company, as the case may be, shall succeed to the obligations set forth in this Section 7.5. Parent shall cause the Surviving Company to perform all of the obligations of the Surviving Company under this Section 7.5.

Section 7.6 Section 16 Matters. Prior to the Effective Time, each of Parent and the Company shall take all such steps as may be necessary or appropriate to cause the acquisitions of Parent Common Stock (including derivative securities with respect to such Parent Common Stock) resulting from the transactions contemplated by this Agreement by each individual who will become subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with respect to Parent to be exempt under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act.

Section 7.7 Disclosure. The parties shall mutually agree to the text of any initial press release and Parent’s Form 8-K announcing the execution and delivery of this Agreement. Without limiting any party’s obligations under the Confidentiality Agreement, no party shall, and no party shall permit any of its Subsidiaries or any of its Representatives to, issue any press release or make any disclosure (to any customers or employees of such party, to the public or otherwise) regarding the transactions contemplated hereby unless (a) the other party shall have approved such press release or disclosure in writing, such approval not to be unreasonably conditioned, withheld or delayed; or (b) such party shall have determined in good faith, upon the advice of outside legal counsel, that such disclosure is required by applicable Law and, to the extent practicable, before such press release or disclosure is issued or made, such party advises the other party of, and consults with the other party regarding, the text of such press release or disclosure; provided, however, that each of the Company and Parent may make any public statement in response to specific questions by the press, analysts, investors or those attending industry conferences or financial analyst conference calls, so long as any such statements made by the Company or Parent in compliance with this Section 7.7. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a party need not consult with any other parties pursuant to the specific terms of this Section 7.7 in connection with such portion of any press release, public statement or filing to be issued or made pursuant to Section 7.2(d), Section 7.3(c) or with respect to any Acquisition Proposal, Company Board Adverse Recommendation Change, Parent Board Adverse Recommendation Change, or pursuant to Section 7.3(e).

Section 7.8 Listing. At or prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to (a) maintain its existing listing on Nasdaq until the Effective Time and to obtain approval of the listing of the combined corporation on Nasdaq, (b) to the extent required by the rules and regulations of Nasdaq, prepare and submit to Nasdaq a notification form for the listing of shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, and to cause such shares to be approved for listing (subject to official notice of issuance), and (c) to the extent required by Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 5110, prepare and file an initial listing application for the Parent Common Stock on Nasdaq (the “Nasdaq Listing Application”) and to cause such Nasdaq Listing Application to be conditionally approved prior to the Effective Time. Each party will reasonably promptly inform the other party of all verbal or written communications between Nasdaq and such party or its representatives. The parties will use commercially reasonable efforts to coordinate with respect to compliance with Nasdaq rules and regulations. The party not filing the Nasdaq Listing Application will cooperate with the other party as reasonably requested by such filing party with respect to the Nasdaq Listing Application and promptly furnish to such filing party all information concerning itself and its members that may be required or reasonably requested in connection with any action contemplated by this Section 7.8. The Company and Parent agree to equally bear and pay all Nasdaq fees associated with any action contemplated by this Section 7.8.

Section 7.9 Tax Matters.

(a) The parties intend that (i) the exchange of Company Indebtedness for the Company Indebtedness Merger Consideration and (ii) the exchange of Company Capital Stock for the Company Capital Stock Merger Consideration, in each case, be treated as taxable exchanges governed by Section 1001 of the Code and shall treat the Merger as such for all U.S. federal (and applicable state and local) income Tax purposes.

(b) All transfer, documentary, sales, use, stamp, registration, excise, recording, registration value added and other such similar Taxes and fees (including any penalties and interest) that become payable in connection with or by reason of the execution of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be borne and paid equally by Parent and the Company. Unless otherwise required by applicable law, Parent shall timely file any Tax Return or other document with respect to such Taxes or fees (and the Company shall reasonably cooperate with respect thereto as necessary).

Section 7.10 Directors and Officers. Until successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified in accordance with applicable Law, the parties shall use commercially reasonable efforts to take all necessary actions so that the Persons determined in accordance with Section 2.6(c) and 2.6(d) are elected or appointed, as applicable, to the positions of officers and directors of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and the Surviving Company, as set forth therein, to serve in such positions effective as of the Effective Time.

Section 7.11 Termination of Certain Agreements and Rights. Except as set forth on Section 7.11 of the Parent Disclosure Letter, each of Parent and the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause any stockholder agreements, voting agreements, registration rights agreements, co-sale agreements and any other similar Contracts between either Parent or the Company and any holders of Parent Common Stock or Company Capital Stock, respectively, including any such Contract granting any Person investor rights, rights of first refusal, registration rights or director registration rights (collectively, the “Investor Agreements”), to be terminated immediately prior to the Effective Time.

Section 7.12 Obligations of Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub. Parent will take all action necessary to cause each of Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub to perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the Merger on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.

Section 7.13 Allocation Certificate. The Company will prepare and deliver to Parent at least two (2) Business Days prior to the Closing Date a certificate signed by an officer of the Company in a form reasonably acceptable to Parent setting forth (as of immediately prior to the Effective Time) (a) each holder of the Company Capital Stock and Company Indebtedness, (b) such holder’s name and address, (c) the number or percentage and type of the Company Capital Stock and Company Indebtedness held as of the Closing Date for each such holder, and (d) the number of shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued to such holder pursuant to this Agreement in respect of the Company Capital Stock and Company Indebtedness held by such holder as of immediately prior to the Effective Time (the “Allocation Certificate”).

Section 7.14 Treatment of Parent Equity Plans.

(a) At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub, or any other Person, each Parent Option that is outstanding and unexercised immediately prior to the Effective Time shall automatically be terminated and cancelled without the payment of any consideration therefor, including any present or future right to receive any portion of the Merger Consideration.

(b) Each share of restricted Parent Common Stock, each restricted stock unit relating to shares of Parent Common Stock, each performance share of Parent Common Stock, and each performance unit relating to shares of Parent Common Stock, whether vested or unvested, that was granted pursuant to a Parent Equity Plan, and is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall vest (to the extent not yet vested) with (to the extent applicable) performance deemed achieved at the greater of target or actual level effective as of immediately prior to the Effective Time.

(c) Parent shall, prior to the Effective Time, take all actions necessary or desirable in connection with the treatment of outstanding awards under the Parent Equity Plans contemplated by this Section 7.14.

Section 7.15   Legends.

(a) The shares of Parent Common Stock issued pursuant to the terms of this Agreement will be issued in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act by reason of Section 4(a)(2) thereof and/or Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act and may not be re-offered or resold other than in conformity with the registration requirements of the Securities Act and such other applicable rules and regulations or pursuant to an exemption therefrom. Until the resale of the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable to the Company’s debtholders and/or stockholders, as applicable, has become registered under the Securities Act, or otherwise transferable pursuant to an exemption from such registration otherwise required thereunder, the shares of Parent Common Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement shall be characterized as “restricted securities” under the Securities Act and, if certificated, shall bear the following legend (or if held in book entry form, will be noted with a similar restriction):

“THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE “ACT”) AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED OR HYPOTHECATED UNLESS REGISTERED UNDER THE ACT OR UNLESS AN EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE ACT IS AVAILABLE.”

(b) Parent agrees to cooperate in a timely manner with the holders of Registrable Securities to remove any restrictive legends or similar transfer instructions from the Registrable Securities upon the registration of the Registrable Securities or in the event that the Registrable Securities are otherwise transferable pursuant to an exemption from registration otherwise required thereunder.

(c) Parent shall be entitled to place appropriate legends on the book entries and/or certificates evidencing any shares of Parent Common Stock to be received in the Merger by debtholder(s) and stockholders of the Company who may be considered “affiliates” of Parent for purposes of Rules 144 and 145 under the Securities Act reflecting the restrictions set forth in Rules 144 and 145 and to issue appropriate stop transfer instructions to the transfer agent for Parent Common Stock.

Section 7.16   Treatment of Indebtedness; Equity Value Determinations.

(a) At least ten (10) Business Days prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver to Parent payoff letters in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Parent with respect to Company Indebtedness, which is set forth on Section 7.16(a), of the Company Disclosure Letter and existing immediately prior to the Effective Time. As of the Effective Time, all such Company Indebtedness shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and shall thereafter only represent the right to receive the Company Indebtedness Merger Shares, which Parent will cause to be issued to the holders of Company Indebtedness on the Closing Date (the “Company Indebtedness Merger Consideration” and together with the Capital Stock Merger Consideration, the “Merger Consideration”).

(b) Not less than ten (10) Business Days prior to the anticipated date for Closing as mutually agreed in good faith by Parent and the Company (the “Anticipated Closing Date”):

(i) Parent will deliver to the Company a schedule (the “Parent Indebtedness, Parent Outstanding Shares and Parent Equity Value Schedule”, and the date of delivery of the Parent Indebtedness, Parent Outstanding Shares and Parent Equity Value Schedule, the “Parent Calculations Delivery Date”) setting forth, in reasonable detail, Parent’s good faith, estimated calculation of Parent Indebtedness, Parent Outstanding Shares and Parent Equity Value (the “Parent Financial Calculations”) as of the close of business on the Anticipated Closing Date and as of immediately prior to the Effective Time with respect to the Parent Outstanding Shares (the “Parent Financials Determination Time”) prepared and certified by Parent’s chief financial officer (or if there is no chief financial officer at such time, the principal financial and accounting officer for Parent); and

(ii) the Company will deliver to Parent a schedule (the “Company Equity Value Schedule”, and together with the Parent Indebtedness, Parent Outstanding Shares and Parent Equity Value Schedule, the “Financial Schedules,” and the date of delivery of the Company Equity Value Schedule, the “Company Equity Value Delivery Date” and together with the Parent Calculations Delivery Date, the “Delivery Date”) setting forth, in reasonable detail, the Company’s good faith, estimated calculation of the Company Equity Value (the “Company Equity Value Calculations” and together with the Parent Financial Calculations, the “Financial Calculations”) as of the close of business on the Anticipated Closing Date (the “Company Equity Value Determination Time”) prepared and certified by Parent’s chief financial officer (or if there is no chief financial officer at such time, the principal financial and accounting officer for Parent). For purposes of this Section 7.16, the “Delivering Party” refers to the party delivering its Financial Schedules in accordance with Section 7.16(b)(i) or Section 7.16(b)(ii), as applicable, and the “Receiving Party” refers to the party receiving such Financial Schedules.

(c) Each party shall make available to the other party (electronically to the greatest extent possible), as reasonably requested by the other party, the work papers and back-up materials used or useful in preparing the applicable Financial Schedules and, if reasonably requested by the other party, each party’s accountants and counsel at reasonable times and upon reasonable notice.

(d) Within five Business Days after the applicable Delivery Date (the last day of such period, the “Applicable Response Date”), the Receiving Party shall have the right to dispute any part of the applicable Financial Calculations by delivering a written notice to that effect to the Delivering Party (a “Dispute Notice”). Any Dispute Notice shall identify in reasonable detail and to the extent known the nature and amounts of any proposed revisions to the applicable Financial Calculations.

(e) If, on or prior to the Applicable Response Date, the Receiving Party notifies the Delivering Party in writing that is has no objections to the applicable Financial Calculations or, if prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Applicable Response Date, the Receiving Party has failed to deliver a Dispute Notice as provided in Section 7.16(d), then the applicable Financial Calculations as set forth in the applicable Financial Schedules shall be deemed to have been finally determined for purposes of this Agreement and to represent either the Parent Indebtedness, Parent Outstanding Shares and the Parent Equity Value at the Parent Financials Determination Time, or the Company Equity Value at the Company Equity Value Determination Time, as applicable (the “Final Parent Indebtedness,” the “Final Parent Outstanding Shares,” the “Final Parent Equity Value,” or the “Final Company Equity Value,” as applicable) for purposes of this Agreement.

(f)   If the Receiving Party delivers a Dispute Notice on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Applicable Response Date, then Representatives of Parent and the Company shall promptly, and in no event later than one calendar day after the Applicable Response Date, meet and attempt in good faith to resolve the dispute item(s) and negotiate an agreed-upon determination of the disputed Parent Indebtedness, Parent Outstanding Shares, Parent Equity Value or Company Equity Value, as applicable, which agreed upon Parent Indebtedness, Parent Outstanding Shares, Parent Equity Value or Company Equity Value amount, as applicable, shall be deemed to have been finally determined for purposes of this Agreement and to represent the Final Parent Indebtedness, Final Parent Outstanding Shares, Final Parent Equity Value or Final Company Equity Value for purposes of this Agreement.

(g) If Representatives of Parent and the Company are unable to negotiate an agreed-upon determination of the Final Parent Indebtedness, Final Parent Outstanding Shares, Final Parent Equity Value or Final Company Equity Value, as applicable, pursuant to Section 7.16(f) within two calendar days after delivery of the Dispute Notice (or such other period as Parent and the Company may mutually agree upon), then any remaining disagreements as to the applicable Financial Calculations shall be referred to an independent auditor of recognized national standing jointly selected by Parent and the Company (the “Accounting Firm”). The Delivering Party shall promptly deliver to the Accounting Firm all work papers and back-up materials used in preparing the applicable Financial Schedules subject to the ongoing dispute, and Parent and the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Accounting Firm to make its determination within five calendar days of accepting its selection. Parent and the Company shall be afforded the opportunity to present to the Accounting Firm any material related to the unresolved disputes and to discuss the issues with the Accounting Firm; provided, however, that no such presentation or discussion shall occur without the presence of a Representative of each of Parent and the Company. The determination of the Accounting Firm shall be limited to the disagreements submitted to the Accounting Firm. The determination of the amount of Final Parent Indebtedness, Final Parent Outstanding Shares, Final Parent Equity Value or Final Company Equity Value, as applicable, made by the Accounting Firm shall be made in writing delivered to each of Parent and the Company, shall be final and binding on Parent and the Company and shall be deemed to have been finally determined for purposes of this Agreement and to represent the Final Parent Indebtedness, Final Parent Outstanding Shares, Final Parent Equity Value or Final Company Equity Value, as applicable, for purposes of this Agreement. The parties shall delay the Closing until the resolution of the matters described in this Section 7.16(b). The fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm shall be allocated between Parent and the Company in the same proportion that the disputed amount of the Parent Indebtedness, Parent Outstanding Shares, Parent Equity Value or Company Equity Value, as applicable, that was unsuccessfully disputed amount by such party (as finally determined by the Accounting Firm) bears to the total disputed amount of the Parent Indebtedness, Parent Outstanding Shares, Parent Equity Value or Company Equity Value, as applicable. If this Section 7.16(g) applies as to the determination of the Final Parent Indebtedness, Final Parent Outstanding Shares, Final Parent Equity Value or Final Company Equity Value described in Section 7.16(b), upon resolution of the matter in accordance with this Section 7.16(g), the parties shall not be required to determine the Parent Indebtedness, Parent Outstanding Shares, Parent Equity Value or Company Equity Value again even though the Closing Date may occur later than the Anticipated Closing Date, except that either Parent and the Company may require a redetermination of the Final Parent Indebtedness, Final Parent Outstanding Shares, Final Parent Equity Value or Final Company Equity Value if the Closing Date is more than ten (10) calendar days after the Anticipated Closing Date.

Section 7.17 Private Placement. Parent intends to issue the shares of Parent Common Stock as provided in this Agreement pursuant to a “private placement” exemption or exemptions from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and an exemption from qualification under applicable state securities laws.

Section 7.18 Registration Rights Agreement. At or prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall authorize and duly adopt, execute and deliver, a Registration Rights Agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), in form and substance mutually acceptable to Parent and the persons set forth on Section 7.18 of the Parent Disclosure Letter (the “Rights Holders”), pursuant to which, among other things, Parent will register for resale under the Securities Act the Company Merger Shares held by the Rights Holders after the Closing Date.

Section 7.19 Parachute Payment Analysis. Reasonably promptly following the date of this Agreement, Parent shall engage a nationally recognized independent public tax accounting firm (the “Parachute Payment Accounting Firm”), reasonably approved by the Company, to conduct an analysis as to whether any Parent Disqualified Individual may be paid or receive any payments, amounts or benefits as a result of or in connection with the Merger (whether alone or upon the occurrence of any additional or subsequent events), that may reasonably be expected to (i) constitute “parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code and (ii) be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code (“Excise Tax”). Parent shall bear all expenses with respect to the analysis and determinations by such Parachute Payment Accounting Firm required to be made by this Section 7.19. Parent shall furnish such Parachute Payment Accounting Firm such information and documents as the Parachute Payment Accounting Firm may reasonably request in order to make its required determination. The Parachute Payment Accounting Firm shall provide its calculations, together with detailed supporting documentation, to Parent as soon as practicable following its engagement. Parent shall provide to the Company for its reasonable review and approval, at least fifteen (15) Business Days prior to the Closing, copies of such calculations prepared by the Parachute Payment Accounting Firm and such detailed supporting documentation. Any good faith determinations of the Parachute Payment Accounting Firm made hereunder shall be final, binding and conclusive upon Parent, any other member of its Controlled Group and the Parent Disqualified Individuals absent manifest error. No later than five (5) Business Days prior to the Closing, Parent shall obtain and deliver to the Company a Parachute Payment Cutback Agreement from each Parent Disqualified Individual, as determined immediately prior to the Closing, who has not executed and delivered a Parachute Payment Cutback Agreement to Parent prior to the date of this Agreement.

Section 7.20   Equity Financing. Promptly following the date of this Agreement, Parent and the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to effectuate an equity financing in Parent on terms and conditions mutually acceptable to Parent and the Company (the “Equity Financing”). To effectuate the Equity Financing, within five (5) Business Days following the date of this Agreement, Parent will engage a financial advisor reasonably selected by the Company.

Section 7.21   Debt Financing Agreement. Provided that it is offered on terms materially consist with the terms set forth on Section 8.2(d)(iv) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, (a) Parent shall take all actions reasonably necessary to enter into the Debt Financing Agreement as of the Closing and (b) the Company shall take all actions reasonably necessary to cause the Debt Providers to enter into the Debt Financing Agreement as of the Closing.

Section 7.22   Parent Refinancing Agreements. Parent shall use commercially reasonable efforts to procure payoff letters and such other documentation from the Parent Lenders as may be necessary to provide for the repayment and/or cancellation of the Final Parent Indebtedness as of the Closing.

Article VIII
CLOSING CONDITIONS

Section 8.1 Conditions Precedent of each Party. The obligations of each party to effect the Merger and otherwise consummate the transactions contemplated hereby to be consummated at the Closing are subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, the written waiver by each of the parties, at or prior to the Closing, of each of the following conditions:

(a) No temporary restraining order, preliminary or permanent injunction or other Order preventing the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby shall have been issued by any court of competent jurisdiction or other Governmental Entity of competent jurisdiction and remain in effect and there shall not be any Law which has the effect of making the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby illegal.

(b) (i) Parent shall have obtained the Parent Stockholder Approval and (ii) the Company shall have obtained the Company Stockholder Approval.

(c) (i) The approval of the listing of the additional shares pursuant to the Nasdaq Listing Application shall have been approved for listing (subject to official notice of issuance) on Nasdaq and (ii) Parent has maintained its existing listing on Nasdaq and obtained approval of the listing of the combined corporation on Nasdaq.

Section 8.2 Conditions Precedent to Obligation of the Company. The obligations of the Company to effect the Merger and otherwise consummate the transactions to be consummated at the Closing are subject to the satisfaction or the written waiver by the Company, at or prior to the Closing, of each of the following conditions:

(a) Accuracy of Representations.

(i) The Parent Capitalization Representations shall have been true and correct (other than de minimis inaccuracies) as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date (after adjusting for the Charter Amendment and the Nasdaq Reverse Stock Split) with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date, except, in each case, for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct except for any de minimis inaccuracies as of such particular date) (it being understood that, for purposes of determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, any update of or modification to the Parent Disclosure Letter made or purported to have been made after the date of this Agreement shall be disregarded).

(ii) The Parent Fundamental Representations (other than the Parent Capitalization Representations) that (A) are not subject to qualifications based on a “Parent Material Adverse Effect” or any other materiality qualifications or other qualifications based on the word “material” or similar phrases (but not dollar thresholds) shall be true and correct in all material respects and (B) are subject to qualifications based on a “Parent Material Adverse Effect” or any other materiality qualifications or other qualifications based on the word “material” or similar phrases (but not dollar thresholds) shall be true and correct in all respects, in each case as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date except, in each case, for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct in all material respects or in all respects, as applicable, as of such particular date) (it being understood that, for purposes of determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, any update of or modification to the Parent Disclosure Letter made or purported to have been made after the date of this Agreement shall be disregarded).

(iii) The representations and warranties of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub made in this Agreement (other than the Parent Fundamental Representations) shall be true and correct as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date, except (A) for any failure to be so true and correct which would not reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect, and (B) for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct as of such particular date, except for any failure to be so true and correct as of such date which would not reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect) (it being understood that, for purposes of determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, any update of or modification to the Parent Disclosure Letter made or purported to have been made after the date of this Agreement shall be disregarded); provided, however, that for purposes of determining the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub set forth in this Agreement for purposes of this Section 8.2(a)(iii), all qualifications in the representations and warranties based on a “Parent Material Adverse Effect” and all materiality qualifications and other qualifications based on the word “material” or similar phrases (but not dollar thresholds) contained in such representations and warranties shall be disregarded.

(b) Performance of Covenants. Parent shall have performed or complied with in all material respects all agreements and covenants required to be performed or complied with by it under this Agreement at or prior to the Effective Time.

(c) No Parent Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any Parent Material Adverse Effect.

(d) Documents. The Company shall have received the following documents, each of which shall be in full force and effect:

(i) a certificate executed by an officer of Parent certifying that the conditions set forth in Section 8.2(a), (b) and (c) have been duly satisfied;

(ii) written resignations in forms reasonably satisfactory to the Company, dated as of the Closing Date and effective as of the Closing executed by the officers and directors of Parent and its Subsidiaries who are not to continue as officers or directors of Parent and its Subsidiaries pursuant to Section 7.10;

(iii) the Registration Rights Agreement pursuant to Section 7.18; and

(iv)   an agreement (the “Debt Financing Agreement”) pursuant to which Motive GM Holdings II LLC or its Affiliate (in such capacity, collectively with its respective former, current or future directors, officers, affiliates, employees, partners and advisors, the “Debt Providers”) will provide, subject to the terms and conditions thereof, debt financing to Parent (the “Debt Financing”), in accordance with the terms set forth on Section 8.2(d)(iv) of the Parent Disclosure Letter.

(e) Repayment and/or Cancellation of Parent Indebtedness. The Company shall have received from Parent evidence in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company of the repayment and cancellation of the Final Parent Indebtedness and the release of the Liens securing such Final Parent Indebtedness.

(f) Performance of Sale and Leaseback Transaction. Parent shall have performed or complied with in all material respects all agreements and covenants required to be performed or complied with by it pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Sale and Leaseback Transaction prior to the Effective Time.

(g) Board of Directors. The Board of Directors of Parent will be as specified in Section 2.6(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter as of immediately following the Closing.

(h) Parent Refinancing Agreements. Parent and the Parent Lenders shall have performed or complied with in all material respects all agreements and covenants required to be performed or complied with by them pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Parent Refinancing Agreements prior to the Effective Time. Parent shall have obtained all authorizations and approvals required to be obtained by it pursuant to the Parent Refinancing Agreements.

Section 8.3 Conditions Precedent of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub. The obligations of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub to effect the Merger and otherwise consummate the transactions to be consummated at the Closing are subject to the satisfaction or the written waiver by Parent, at or prior to the Closing, of each of the following conditions:

(a) Accuracy of Representations.

(i) The Company Capitalization Representations shall have been true and correct (other than de minimis inaccuracies) as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date, except, in each case, for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct except for any de minimis inaccuracies as of such particular date) (it being understood that, for purposes of determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, any update of or modification to the Company Disclosure Letter made or purported to have been made after the date of this Agreement shall be disregarded).

(ii) The Company Fundamental Representations (other than the Company Capitalization Representations) that (A) are not subject to qualifications based on a “Material Adverse Effect” or any other materiality qualifications or other qualifications based on the word “material” or similar phrases (but not dollar thresholds) shall be true and correct in all material respects and (B) are subject to qualifications based on a “Material Adverse Effect” or any other materiality qualifications or other qualifications based on the word “material” or similar phrases (but not dollar thresholds) shall be true and correct in all respects, in each case as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date except, in each case, for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct in all material respects or in all respects, as applicable, as of such particular date) (it being understood that, for purposes of determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, any update of or modification to the Company Disclosure Letter made or purported to have been made after the date of this Agreement shall be disregarded).

(iii) The representations and warranties of the Company made in this Agreement (other than the Company Fundamental Representations) shall be true and correct as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date, except (A) for any failure to be so true and correct which would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and (B) for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct as of such particular date, except for any failure to be so true and correct as of such date which would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect) (it being understood that, for purposes of determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, any update of or modification to the Company Disclosure Letter made or purported to have been made after the date of this Agreement shall be disregarded); provided, however, that for purposes of determining the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement for purposes of this Section 8.3(a)(iii), all qualifications in the representations and warranties based on a “Material Adverse Effect” and all materiality qualifications and other qualifications based on the word “material” or similar phrases (but not dollar thresholds) contained in such representations and warranties shall be disregarded.

(b) Performance of Covenants. The Company shall have performed or complied with in all material respects all agreements and covenants required to be performed or complied with by it under this Agreement at or prior to the Effective Time.

(c) No Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any Material Adverse Effect.

(d) Closing Certificate. Parent shall have received a certificate executed by an officer of the Company certifying (a) that the conditions set forth in Section 8.3(a), (b), and (c) have been duly satisfied and (b) that the information set forth in the Allocation Certificate delivered by the Company in accordance with Section 7.13 is true and accurate in all respects as of the Closing Date.

(e) Documents. The Debt Providers shall have executed the Debt Financing Agreement, which Parent may not refuse to enter into if it is materially consistent with the terms set forth on Section 8.2(d)(iv) of the Parent Disclosure Letter.

(f) Performance of Sale and Leaseback Transaction. Mango Workhorse LLC shall have performed or complied with in all material respects all agreements and covenants required to be performed or complied with by it pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Sale and Leaseback Transaction prior to the Effective Time.

Article IX
TERMINATION

Section 9.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated prior to the Effective Time (whether before or after the adoption of this Agreement by the Company’s stockholders and whether before or after approval of the Parent Stockholder Proposals by Parent’s stockholders, unless otherwise specified below):

(a) by mutual consent of Parent and the Company;

(b) by either Parent or the Company if the Merger shall not have been consummated by February 14, 2026 (subject to possible extension as provided in this Section 9.1(b), the “End Date”); provided, however, that the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 9.1(b) shall not be available to the Company or Parent if such party’s (or in the case of Parent, Intermediate Parent’s, Intermediate’s or Merger Sub’s) action or failure to act has been a principal cause of the failure of the Merger to occur on or before the End Date and such action or failure to act constitutes a breach of this Agreement, provided, further, however, that, in the event that the SEC has not concluded its review of the preliminary Proxy Statement (whether by confirmation that the SEC has no further comments or expiration of the 10-day waiting period contemplated by Rule 14a-6(a) promulgated under the Exchange Act) by the date which is 60 days prior to the End Date, then either the Company or Parent shall be entitled to extend the End Date for an additional 60 days;

(c) by either Parent or the Company if a court of competent jurisdiction or other Governmental Entity shall have issued a final and nonappealable order, or shall have taken any other action, having the effect of permanently restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the transactions contemplated hereby;

(d) by Parent if the Company Stockholder Approval shall not have been obtained by written consent of the Company’s stockholders in lieu of a meeting within two (2) Business Days of this Agreement; provided, however, that once the Company Stockholder Approval has been obtained, Parent may not terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 9.1(d);

(e) by either Parent or the Company if (i) the Parent Stockholder Meeting (including any adjournments and postponements thereof) shall have been held and completed and Parent’s stockholders shall have taken a final vote on the Parent Stockholder Proposals and (ii) the Parent Stockholder Approval shall not have been obtained at the Parent Stockholder Meeting (or any adjournment or postponement thereof); provided, however, that the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 9.1(e) shall not be available to Parent where the failure to obtain the Parent Stockholder Approval shall have been caused by the action or failure to act of Parent and such action or failure to act constitutes a material breach by Parent of this Agreement;

(f) by the Company (at any time prior to obtaining the Parent Stockholder Approval) if any Parent Triggering Event shall have occurred;

(g) by Parent (at any time prior to obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval) if any Company Triggering Event shall have occurred;

(h) by the Company, upon a breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement set forth in this Agreement by Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub or if any representation or warranty of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub shall have become inaccurate, in either case, such that the conditions set forth in Section 8.2(a) or Section 8.2(b) would not be satisfied as of the time of such breach or as of the time such representation or warranty shall have become inaccurate; provided that the Company is not then in material breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement under this Agreement; provided, further that if such inaccuracy in Parent’s, Intermediate Parent’s, Intermediate’s or Merger Sub’s representations and warranties or breach by Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub is curable by Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub, then this Agreement shall not terminate pursuant to this Section 9.1(h) as a result of such particular breach or inaccuracy until the earlier of (i) the expiration of a 30-day period commencing upon delivery of written notice from the Company to Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub of such breach or inaccuracy and its intention to terminate pursuant to this Section 9.1(h) and (ii) Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub (as applicable) ceasing to exercise commercially reasonable efforts to cure such breach following delivery of written notice from the Company to Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub of such breach or inaccuracy and its intention to terminate pursuant to this Section 9.1(h) (it being understood that this Agreement shall not terminate pursuant to this Section 9.1(h) as a result of such particular breach or inaccuracy if such breach by Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub is cured prior to such termination becoming effective); or

(i) by Parent, upon a breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement set forth in this Agreement by the Company or if any representation or warranty of the Company shall have become inaccurate, in either case, such that the conditions set forth in Section 8.3(a) or Section 8.3(b) would not be satisfied as of the time of such breach or as of the time such representation or warranty shall have become inaccurate; provided that Parent is not then in material breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement under this Agreement; provided, further that if such inaccuracy in the Company’s representations and warranties or breach by the Company is curable by the Company, then this Agreement shall not terminate pursuant to this Section 9.1(i) as a result of such particular breach or inaccuracy until the earlier of (i) the expiration of a 30-day period commencing upon delivery of written notice from Parent to the Company of such breach or inaccuracy and its intention to terminate pursuant to this Section 9.1(i) and (ii) the Company ceasing to exercise commercially reasonable efforts to cure such breach following delivery of written notice from Parent to the Company of such breach or inaccuracy and its intention to terminate pursuant to this Section 9.1(i) (it being understood that this Agreement shall not terminate pursuant to this Section 9.1(i) as a result of such particular breach or inaccuracy if such breach by the Company is cured prior to such termination becoming effective).

The party desiring to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 9.1 (other than pursuant to Section 9.1(a)) shall give a notice of such termination to the other party specifying the provisions hereof pursuant to which such termination is made and the basis therefor described in reasonable detail.

Section 9.2 Effect of Termination. In the event of the termination of this Agreement as provided in Section 9.1, this Agreement shall be of no further force or effect; provided, however, that (a) this Section 9.2, Section 9.3 and Article X (and the related definitions of the defined terms in such section) shall survive the termination of this Agreement and shall remain in full force and effect and (b) the termination of this Agreement and the provisions of Section 9.3 shall not relieve any party of any liability for fraud or for any willful and material breach of any representation, warranty, covenant, obligation or other provision contained in this Agreement.

Section 9.3 Expenses; Termination Fees.

(a) Except as set forth in this Section 9.3 all fees and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be paid by the party incurring such expenses, whether or not the Merger is consummated, provided however, that the Company and Parent shall bear and pay the fees associated with the Nasdaq Listing Application equally and Parent shall pay, among other things, all other costs, fees, and expenses incurred in relation to the printing and filing with the SEC of the Proxy Statement (including any financial statements and exhibits) and any amendments or supplements thereto and paid to a financial printer or the SEC.

(b) If (i) this Agreement is terminated by Parent or the Company pursuant to Section 9.1(e) or by the Company pursuant to Section 9.1(h), (ii) at any time after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Parent Stockholder Meeting an Acquisition Proposal with respect to Parent shall have been publicly announced, disclosed or otherwise communicated to the Parent Board (and shall not have been withdrawn) and (iii) within twelve (12) months after the date of such termination, Parent enters into a definitive agreement with respect to a Subsequent Transaction that is subsequently consummated or consummates a Subsequent Transaction, then Parent shall pay the Company, upon such consummation of a Subsequent Transaction, a nonrefundable fee in an amount equal to $1,050,000 (the “Parent Termination Fee”).

(c) If this Agreement is terminated by the Company pursuant to Section 9.1(f) (or, at the time this Agreement is terminated, the Company had the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 9.1(f)), then Parent shall pay to the Company, within five (5) Business Days of such termination the Parent Termination Fee.

(d) If (i) this Agreement is terminated by Parent pursuant to Section 9.1(d) or Section 9.1(i), (ii) at any time after the date of this Agreement and before obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval, an Acquisition Proposal with respect to the Company shall have been publicly announced, disclosed or otherwise communicated to the Company Board (and shall not have been withdrawn) and (iii) within twelve (12) months after the date of such termination, the Company enters into a definitive agreement with respect to a Subsequent Transaction that is subsequently consummated or consummates a Subsequent Transaction, then the Company shall pay to Parent, upon such consummation of a Subsequent Transaction, an amount equal to $1,750,000 (the “Company Termination Fee”).

(e) If this Agreement is terminated by Parent pursuant to Section 9.1(g) (or, at the time this Agreement is terminated, Parent had the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 9.1(g)), then Company shall pay to Parent, within five (5) Business Days of such termination the Company Termination Fee.

(f) If either party fails to pay when due any amount payable by it under this Section 9.3, then (i) such party shall reimburse the other party for reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel) incurred in connection with the collection of such overdue amount and the enforcement by the other party of its rights under this Section 9.3 and (ii) such party shall pay to the other party interest on such overdue amount (for the period commencing as of the date such overdue amount was originally required to be paid and ending on the date such overdue amount is actually paid to the other party in full) at a rate per annum equal to the “prime rate” (as set forth in the Wall Street Journal) in effect on the date such overdue amount was originally required to be paid plus three percent.

(g) The parties agree that, subject to Section 9.2, the payment of fees and expenses set forth in this Section 9.3 shall be the sole and exclusive remedy of each party following a termination of this Agreement under the circumstances described in this Section 9.3, it being understood that in no event shall either Parent or the Company be required to pay the individual fees or damages payable pursuant to this Section 9.3 on more than one occasion. Subject to Section 9.2, following the payment of the fees and expenses set forth in this Section 9.3 by a party, (i) such party shall have no further liability to the other party in connection with or arising out of this Agreement or the termination thereof, any breach of this Agreement by the other party giving rise to such termination, or the failure of the transactions contemplated hereby to be consummated, (ii) no other party or their respective Affiliates shall be entitled to bring or maintain any other claim, action or proceeding against such party or seek to obtain any recovery, judgment or damages of any kind against such party (or any partner, member, stockholder, director, officer, employee, Subsidiary, Affiliate, agent or other Representative of such party) in connection with or arising out of this Agreement or the termination thereof, any breach by such party giving rise to such termination or the failure of the transactions contemplated hereby to be consummated and (iii) all other parties and their respective Affiliates shall be precluded from any other remedy against such party and its Affiliates, at law or in equity or otherwise, in connection with or arising out of this Agreement or the termination thereof, any breach by such party giving rise to such termination or the failure of the transactions contemplated hereby to be consummated. Each of the parties acknowledges that (x) the agreements contained in this Section 9.3 are an integral part of the transactions contemplated hereby, (y) without these agreements, the parties would not enter into this Agreement and (z) any amount payable pursuant to this Section 9.3 is not a penalty, but rather is liquidated damages in a reasonable amount that will compensate the parties in the circumstances in which such amount is payable; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 9.3(g) shall limit the rights of the parties under Section 10.3.

Article X
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Section 10.1 Non-survival of Representations and Warranties. None of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements in this Agreement or in any instrument delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall survive the Effective Time, other than those covenants or agreements of the parties which by their terms apply, or are to be performed in whole or in part, after the Effective Time.

Section 10.2 Amendment or Supplement. This Agreement may be amended, modified or supplemented by the parties by action taken or authorized by their respective Boards of Directors at any time, whether before or after Company Stockholder Approval or the Parent Stockholder Approval has been obtained; provided, however, that after the Company Stockholder Approval or the Parent Stockholder Approval, as applicable, has been obtained, no amendment shall be made that pursuant to applicable Law requires further approval or adoption by the stockholders of the Company or Parent, as applicable, without such further approval or adoption. This Agreement may not be amended, modified or supplemented in any manner, whether by course of conduct or otherwise, except by an instrument in writing specifically designated as an amendment hereto, signed on behalf of each of the parties in interest at the time of the amendment.

Section 10.3 Waiver. The parties may, by action taken or authorized by their respective Boards of Directors, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, waive compliance with any of the agreements or conditions of the other parties contained herein; provided, however, that after the Company Stockholder Approval or the Parent Stockholder Approval, as applicable, has been obtained, no waiver may be made that pursuant to applicable Law requires further approval or adoption by the stockholders of the Company or Parent, as applicable, without such further approval or adoption. Any agreement on the part of a party to any such waiver shall be valid only if set forth in a written instrument executed and delivered by a duly authorized officer on behalf of such party. No failure or delay of any party in exercising any right or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such right or power, or any course of conduct, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the parties hereunder are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies which they would otherwise have hereunder.

Section 10.4 Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given (a) on the date of delivery if delivered personally, or if by e-mail, on the date sent by e-mail if sent during normal business hours of the recipient, and on the next Business Day if sent after normal business hours of the recipient, (b) on the first (1st) Business Day following the date of dispatch if delivered utilizing a next-day service by a recognized next- day courier or (c) on the earlier of confirmed receipt or the fifth (5th) Business Day following the date of mailing if delivered by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid. All notices hereunder shall be delivered to the addresses set forth below, or pursuant to such other instructions as may be designated in writing by the party to receive such notice:

Workhorse Group Inc.

3600 Park 42 Drive, Suite 160E

Sharonville, Ohio 45241
Attention: Richard Dauch, Chief Executive Officer
E-mail: rick.dauch@workhorse.com

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Taft Stettinius & Hollister LLP
425 Walnut Street, Suite 1800
Cincinnati, Ohio 45202

Motiv Power Systems, Inc.

330 Hatch Drive

Foster City, California 94404

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

DLA Piper LLP (US)
303 Colorado Street, Suite 3000
Austin, Texas 78701

Section 10.5 Entire Agreement. This Agreement (including the Exhibits hereto), the Company Disclosure Letter, the Parent Disclosure Letter, the Company Support Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Confidentiality Agreement, and the transaction documents effecting the Sale and Leaseback Transaction and the Convertible Financing, constitute the entire agreement, and supersede all prior written agreements, arrangements, communications and understandings and all prior and contemporaneous oral agreements, arrangements, communications and understandings among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof.

Section 10.6   No Third Party Beneficiaries.

(a) Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any Person other than the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature under or by reason of this Agreement, except as provided in Section 7.5.

(b) The representations and warranties in this Agreement are the product of negotiations among the parties hereto and are for the sole benefit of the parties hereto. Any inaccuracies in such representations and warranties are subject to waiver by the parties hereto in accordance with Section 10.3 without notice or liability to any other Person. In some instances, the representations and warranties in this Agreement may represent an allocation among the parties hereto of risks associated with particular matters regardless of the knowledge of any of the parties hereto. Consequently, Persons other than the parties hereto may not rely upon the representations and warranties in this Agreement as characterizations of actual facts or circumstances as of the date of this Agreement or as of any other date.

Section 10.7 Governing Law. This Agreement and all disputes or controversies arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the laws of any other jurisdiction that might be applied because of the conflicts of laws principles of the State of Delaware.

Section 10.8 Submission to Jurisdiction. Each of the parties irrevocably agrees that any legal action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement brought by any party or its Affiliates against any other party or its Affiliates shall be brought and determined in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware; provided, that if jurisdiction is not then available in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, then any such legal action or proceeding may be brought in any federal court located in the State of Delaware or any other Delaware state court. Each of the parties hereby irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of the aforesaid courts for itself and with respect to its property, generally and unconditionally, with regard to any such action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. Each of the parties agrees not to commence any action, suit or proceeding relating thereto except in the courts described above in Delaware, other than actions in any court of competent jurisdiction to enforce any judgment, decree or award rendered by any such court in Delaware as described herein. Each of the parties further agrees that notice as provided herein shall constitute sufficient service of process and the parties further waive any argument that such service is insufficient. Each of the parties hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, and agrees not to assert, by way of motion or as a defense, counterclaim or otherwise, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby, (a) any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of the courts in Delaware as described herein for any reason, (b) that it or its property is exempt or immune from jurisdiction of any such court or from any legal process commenced in such courts (whether through service of notice, attachment prior to judgment, attachment in aid of execution of judgment, execution of judgment or otherwise) and (c) that (i) the suit, action or proceeding in any such court is brought in an inconvenient forum, (ii) the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper or (iii) this Agreement, or the subject matter hereof, may not be enforced in or by such courts.

Section 10.9 Assignment; Successors. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations under this Agreement may be assigned or delegated, in whole or in part, by operation of law or otherwise, by any party without the prior written consent of the other parties, and any such assignment without such prior written consent shall be null and void. Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the parties and their respective successors and assigns.

Section 10.10 Specific Performance. The parties agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that the parties hereto do not perform the provisions of this Agreement in accordance with its terms or otherwise breach such provisions. Accordingly, the parties acknowledge and agree that each party shall be entitled to an injunction, specific performance and other equitable relief to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, provided, that if jurisdiction is not then available in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, then in any federal court located in the State of Delaware or any other Delaware state court, this being in addition to any other remedy to which such party is entitled at law or in equity. Each of the parties hereby further waives (a) any defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate and (b) any requirement under any law to post security as a prerequisite to obtaining equitable relief.

Section 10.11   Severability. Whenever possible, each provision or portion of any provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable Law, but if any provision or portion of any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect under any applicable Law or rule in any jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision or portion of any provision in such jurisdiction, and this Agreement shall be reformed, construed and enforced in such jurisdiction as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision or portion of any provision had never been contained herein.

Section 10.12 Waiver of Jury Trial. EACH OF THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

Section 10.13 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same instrument and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other party.

Section 10.14 Facsimile or .pdf Signature. This Agreement may be executed by facsimile or .pdf signature and a facsimile or .pdf signature shall constitute an original for all purposes.

Section 10.15 No Presumption Against Drafting Party. Each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate, Merger Sub and the Company acknowledges that each party to this Agreement has been represented by counsel in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Accordingly, any rule of law or any legal decision that would require interpretation of any claimed ambiguities in this Agreement against the drafting party has no application and is expressly waived.

Section 10.16 Lender Limitations. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, each of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub agrees that it will not bring or support any person in any action, suit, proceeding, cause of action, claim, cross-claim or third-party claim of any kind or description, whether in law or in equity, whether in contract or in tort or otherwise, against any of the Debt Providers (which defined term for the purposes of this provision shall include the Debt Providers and their respective Affiliates, equityholders, members, partners, officers, directors, employees, agents, advisors and representatives involved in the Debt Financing but exclude, for the avoidance of doubt, the Company or any of its Affiliates) in any way relating to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, but not limited to, any dispute arising out of or relating in any way to the Debt Financing Agreement or the performance thereof or the Debt Financing contemplated thereby. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, (a) none of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate or Merger Sub, and none of their respective Affiliates, directors, officers, employees, agents, partners, managers, members or stockholders, shall have any rights or claims against any Debt Provider, in any way relating to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or in respect of any, or in respect of any oral representations made or alleged to have been made in connection herewith or therewith, including any dispute arising out of or relating in any way to the Debt Financing Agreement or the performance thereof or the Debt Financing contemplated thereby, whether at law or equity, in contract, in tort or otherwise and (b) no Debt Provider shall have any liability (whether in contract, in tort or otherwise) to any of Parent, Intermediate Parent, Intermediate and Merger Sub, their respective Subsidiaries or any of their respective Affiliates, directors, officers, employees, agents, partners, managers, members or stockholders (other than the Company or any of its Affiliates) for any obligations or liabilities of any party hereto under this Agreement or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby or in respect of any oral representations made or alleged to have been made in connection herewith or therewith, including any dispute arising out of or relating in any way to the Debt Financing Agreement or the performance thereof or the Debt Financing contemplated thereby, whether at law or equity, in contract, in tort or otherwise. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, nothing in this Section 10.16 shall in any way affect any party’s or any of its Affiliates’ rights and remedies under any binding agreement to which a Debt Provider is a party. This Section 10.16 shall not be terminated or modified without the prior written consent of the Debt Providers, it being expressly agreed that the Debt Providers are third-party beneficiaries of this Section 10.16.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized.

[Signature Page to Agreement and Plan of Merger]

Exhibit A

FIRPTA CERTIFICATE

Omitted.

Exhibit B

COMPANY SUPPORT AGREEMENT

Omitted.

Exhibit C

FORM OF PARACHUTE PAYMENT CUTBACK AGREEMENT

Omitted.