v3.25.2
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Going concern, liquidity, and capital resources
The Company has limited operating history, and although the Company has realized net income of approximately $4.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025, it has a working capital deficit of approximately $9.3 million and has an accumulated deficit of approximately $100.3 million as of June 30, 2025.
These above matters raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. During the next twelve months, the Company intends to fund its operations through the issuance of financial instruments including debts or equity and the revenues from operations including from the sale of aircraft at a premium to cost.
Accordingly, management believes that its current cash position, along with its anticipated margin from aircraft sales and proceeds from future debt and/or equity financings, when combined with prudent expense management, will allow the Company to continue as a going concern and to fund its operations for at least one year from the date of issuance of these financial statements. There are no assurances, however, that management will be able to raise capital or debt on terms acceptable to the Company. If the Company is unable to obtain sufficient additional capital or debt on terms acceptable to the Company, the Company may be required to reduce the near-term scope of its planned development and operations, which could delay implementation of the Company’s business plan and harm its business, financial condition, and operating results. The balance sheets do not include any adjustments that might result from these uncertainties.
Basis of presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP” or “GAAP”) on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business and following the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), for interim reporting. As permitted under those rules, certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted and, accordingly, the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. These financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the Company’s annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial information. The results of operations for the three and six months June 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025 or for any other interim period or for any other future year.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related financial information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2025 (the “2024 Form 10-K”).
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in 2024 have been reclassified to conform with the current period’s presentation to reflect discontinued operations.
Principles of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the Company’s accounts and the accounts of its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. Such estimates include:
Useful lives of property, plant, and equipment.
Assumptions used in valuing debt or equity instruments.
Deferred income taxes and related valuation allowance.
Assessment of long-lived assets impairment.
Assumptions used in the valuation notes receivable.
Cash and restricted cash

Cash consists primarily of cash on hand and bank deposits. The Company maintains cash deposits with financial institutions that may exceed federally insured limits at times. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had no cash equivalents besides what was in the cash balance as of this date. The Company had zero and $1.8 million of restricted cash at June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively, which served as collateral for the credit facility with SAC Leasing G280 LLC described in Note 11 below.
Accounts receivable

Accounts receivables are reported on the consolidated balance sheets at the outstanding principal amount adjusted for any allowance for credit losses and any charge offs. The Company provides an allowance for credit losses to reduce trade receivables to their estimated net realizable value equal to the amount that is expected to be collected. This allowance is estimated based on historical collection experience, the aging of receivables, specific current and expected future macro-economic and market conditions, and assessments of the current creditworthiness and economic status of customers. The Company considers a receivable delinquent if it is unpaid after the term of the related invoice has expired. Balances that are still outstanding after management has used reasonable collection efforts are written off. The Company reviews its allowance for credit losses on a quarterly basis.

The Company recognized approximately $123 thousand and zero of bad debt expense during the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized $147 thousand and zero bad debt expense, respectively.
Fixed assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, which range from three to seven years:
ClassificationLife
Machinery and equipment
3-7 years
Automobiles5 years
Computer and office equipment5 years
Website development costs3 years
Computer software development
Software development costs are accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350-40, Internal Use Software. Internal software development costs are capitalized from the time the internal use software is considered probable of completion until the software is ready for use. Business analysis, system evaluation and software maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. The capitalized computer software development costs are reported under the section Property, plant and equipment net in the consolidated balance sheets and are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the software, generally three years from when the asset is placed in service. The Company capitalized no internal software development costs during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. The Company recognized $48 thousand and $26 thousand of amortization expense related to computer software development during the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company recognized $96 thousand and $52 thousand of amortization expense related to computer software development during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company also expenses internal costs related to minor upgrades and enhancements, as it is impractical to separate these costs from normal maintenance activities. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company reduced the value of software development cost by $54 thousand related to a non-monetary exchange with a third party and their use of our mission control software. This software development cost was originally developed for internal use and has subsequently been licensed to a third party in a non-monetary transaction.
Website development cost
The costs incurred for activities during the website application and infrastructure development stage are capitalized in accordance with the guidance on internal-use software in FASB ASC 350-40. The Company capitalized zero and $110 thousand of website development costs during six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company recognized approximately $24 thousand and $26 thousand of amortization expense related to website development costs during the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The company recognized $48 thousand and $51 thousand of amortization expense during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Valuation of long-lived assets
In accordance with FASB ASC 360, property, plant, and equipment, and long-lived assets are analyzed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The Company evaluates at each balance sheet date whether events and circumstances have occurred that indicate possible impairment. If there are indications of impairment, the Company uses future undiscounted cash flows of the related asset or asset grouping over the remaining life in measuring whether the assets are recoverable. In the event such cash flows are not expected to be sufficient to recover the recorded asset values, the assets are written down to their estimated fair value. No impairment was recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Fair value of financial instruments
The Company adopted the provisions of FASB ASC 820 (the “Fair Value Topic”) which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under U.S. GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

The Company measures fair value under a framework that utilizes a hierarchy prioritizing the inputs to relevant valuation techniques. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of inputs used in measuring fair value are:

Level 1: Inputs to the valuation methodology are unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company as the ability to access.
Level 2: Inputs to the valuation methodology include:
Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets.
Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets.
Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.
Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market date by correlation or other means; and
If the asset or liability has a specified (contractual) term, the Level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3: Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The fair value of the Company’s recorded forward purchase agreement (“FPA”) is determined based on unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data, which require a Level 3 classification. A Monte Carlo simulation model was used to determine the fair value as of December 31, 2023. The Company recorded the FPA at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets with changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. On July 23, 2024, the Company received notice of termination of the FPA and recognized an impairment in the value of the FPA in the second quarter of 2024 due to receipt of the termination notice. A loss of $3.0 million was recorded due to the cancellation of the FPA in the third quarter of 2024.

In December 2024, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (“Securities Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company may issue a series of convertible notes for an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $36.0 million. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued a single convertible note in the principal amount of $4.5 million, (the “2024 Convertible Note”) of which $4.1 million was funded as of December 31, 2024, representing an original issue discount of ten percent. The Company elected the fair value guidance under ASC 825-10 and the 2024 Convertible Note was recognized at initial fair value as of the issuance date. Any issuances of additional convertible promissory notes are subject to the terms and conditions of the Security Purchase Agreement. The value of the 2024 Convertible Note at issuance approximated fair value as of December 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recorded a loss of $849 thousand on the change in the fair value of the 2024 Convertible note, recorded in other income (expense) on the consolidated statements of operations. In June 2025, the outstanding principal and accrued interest of the 2024 Convertible Note was converted into 2,538,939 shares of the Company’s common stock, settling in full the Company’s repayment obligations under that note. Immediately prior to the conversions, the Company remeasured the liability to its fair value as of the conversion date. The Company recognized a gain of $223 thousand related to the change in the fair value of the 2024 Convertible Note recorded in other income expense on the consolidated statements of operations.
In June 2025, pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company issued a second convertible note (the “Second Tranche Note”) in the principal amount of $1.5 million, for a purchase price of $1.4 million, representing an original issue discount of ten percent, which matures on June 13, 2026. The Second Tranche Note was recorded at a fair value of $1.4 million. The Company recorded a loss of $124 thousand on the change in fair value of the Second Tranche Note in the three and six months ended June 30, 2025.

The following table presents balances of the fair value instruments as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, in thousands:

Fair Value Measurements as of June 30, 2025
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)Significant Other
Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Significant Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
Total
Second Tranche Note$— $— $1,474 $1,474 
Total$— $— $1,474 $1,474 


Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2024
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)Significant Other
Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Significant Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
Total
2024 Convertible Note$— $— $4,050 $4,050 
Total$— $— $4,050 $4,050 


The following table presents changes of all convertible notes issued under the Securities Purchase Agreement with significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, in thousands:

2024 Convertible Note
Balance at December 31, 2024$4,050 
Change in fair value 849 
Balance at March 31, 2025$4,899 
Change in fair value(99)
Conversions(4,676)
Additions1,350 
Balance at June 30, 2025 $1,474 
The Company measured the Second Tranche Note using a Monte Carlo simulation valuation model using the following assumptions:

Three and Six months ended June 30, 2025
Volume Weighted average stock price ("VWAP")$1.28 
Simulation Period
0.95 years
Expected Volatility122.0 %
Credit risk-adjusted rate21.6 %
Risk-free Rate4.0 %

There were no gains and losses attributable to changes in instrument specific credit risk as the Company determined the likelihood of an event of default to be de minimus. The carrying amount of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, such as cash, accounts receivable, prepaid and other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses, deposits, and members’ deposit approximate their fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments. The Company’s credit facility, convertible notes and other loans approximate the fair value of such liabilities based upon management’s best estimate of interest rates that would be available to the Company for similar financial arrangements and due to the short-term maturity of these instruments at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Commitments and contingencies
The Company follows subtopic 450-20 of the FASB ASC to report accounting for contingencies. Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated.

Warrants

The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in FASB ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own Common Stock, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent reporting period end date while the warrants are outstanding. All of the Company’s warrants have met the criteria for equity treatment.
Revenue recognition

Revenues are recognized on a gross basis and presented on the consolidated statements of operations net of rebates, discounts, and taxes collected concurrent with revenue-producing activities. The transaction price in the Company’s contracts with its customers is fixed at the time control of goods and services are transferred to the customer. Therefore, the Company does not estimate variable consideration or perform a constraint analysis for our contracts.

The Company determines revenue recognition pursuant to ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, through the following steps:
1.Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer.
2.Identification of the performance obligation(s) in the contract.
3.Determination of the transaction price.
4.Allocation of the transaction to the performance obligation(s) in the contract.
The Company generates revenue primarily through: (i) the sale of aircraft, and (ii) our Vaunt software-as-a-subscription product. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised service is transferred to a customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services. At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods and services promised in its contracts with customers and identifies, as a performance obligation, each promise to transfer a good or service to a customer that is distinct. To identify its performance obligations, the Company considers all of the goods and services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices.

For each revenue stream, we evaluate whether our obligation is to provide the good or service itself, as the principal or to arrange for the good or service to be provided by the other party, as the agent, using the control model. In such circumstances, the Company is primarily responsible for satisfying the overall performance obligation with the customer and is considered the principal in the relationship.

Revenue from aircraft sales is recognized upon the delivery of the aircraft.

The Company generated revenue during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, broken down as follows, in thousands:
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
Aircraft sales$24,500 $— $49,600 $— 
Subscription355 181 738 229 
Total$24,855 $181 $50,338 $229 
Revenue from the sales of our Vaunt Software-as-a-subscription is deferred and recognized over the subscription term of the software and is included in customer deposits and deferred revenue on the consolidated balances sheets.

The following table provides a rollforward of deferred revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2025:

Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2024$696 
Revenue recognized (738)
Revenue deferred 1,129 
Balance as of June 30, 2025 $1,087 

Assets Recognized from the Costs to Obtain Revenue Contracts

We recognize an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a client if we expect the amortization period to be longer than one year, such costs are specifically identifiable, generate or enhance resources used to satisfy future performance obligations, and are expected to be recovered. We have determined the costs incurred are incremental and recoverable and are subject to capitalization and amortization under ASC 340-40. The capitalized costs relate to revenue share with Vaunt operators and vaunt sales commissions. The assets are capitalized and amortized ratably over the expected period of the benefit, which is currently estimated at 14 months.

The following tables present the asset balances and related amortization expense for the contract assets:

As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2025
Beginning BalanceAmount Capitalized Amortization Ending Balance
Contract assets $— $242 $(31)$211 
Income taxes
The Company follows Section 740-10-30 of the FASB ASC, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the fiscal year in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the assets will not be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
The Company follows the guidance of 740-10-25 of the FASB ASC (“Section 740-10-25”) with regards to uncertainty in income taxes. Section 740-10-25 addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. Under Section 740-10-25, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent (50%) likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Section 740-10-25 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures. The Company had no material adjustments to its assets and/or liabilities for unrecognized income tax benefits according to the provisions of Section 740-10-25.
The Company is subject to tax in the United States (“U.S.”) and files tax returns in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction, and state jurisdictions. The Company is subject to U.S. Federal, state, and local income tax examinations by tax authorities. The Company currently is not under examination by any tax authority.
Stock-based compensation

The Company accounts for equity-based compensation using the fair value method as set forth in the ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation, which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all stock-based payment awards based on estimated fair values. This method requires companies to estimate the fair value of stock-based compensation on the date of grant using an option pricing model. The Company estimates the fair value of each equity-based payment award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes pricing model.

The Black-Scholes model determines the fair value of equity-based payment awards based on the fair value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant and requires the use of estimates and assumptions, including the fair value of the Company’s common stock, exercise price of the stock option, expected volatility, expected life, risk-free interest rate and dividend rate. The Company estimates the expected volatility of its stock options by taking the average historical volatility of a group of comparable publicly traded companies over a period equal to the expected life of the options; it is not practical for the Company to estimate its own volatility due to the lack of historical prices. The expected term of the options is determined in accordance with existing equity agreements as the underlying options are assumed to be exercised upon the passage of time. The risk-free interest rate is the estimated average interest rate based on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon notes with terms consistent with the expected life of the awards. The expected dividend yield is zero as the Company does not anticipate paying any recurring cash dividends in the foreseeable future. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.
Net income (loss) per share
The Company computes basic and diluted earnings per share amounts pursuant to section 260-10-45 of the FASB ASC. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders, by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, excluding the effects of any potentially dilutive securities. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the diluted weighted average number of shares of common stock during the period. The diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding is the basic weighted number of shares adjusted as of the first day of the year for any potentially dilutive debt or equity. In periods in which a net loss has been incurred, all potentially dilutive common shares are considered anti-dilutive and thus are excluded from the calculation. Securities that are excluded from the calculation of weighted average dilutive common shares because their inclusion would have been antidilutive for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, include stock options, restricted stock units and warrants.
The Company had 17,857 and 80,928 outstanding stock options to purchase an equivalent number of shares of common stock at June 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively.

The Company had 15,706 and 60,253 outstanding restricted stock units to purchase an equivalent number of shares of common stock at June 30,2025 and 2024, respectively.

The Company also had 1,161,195 outstanding warrants to purchase an equivalent number of shares of common stock as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively at a weighted average strike price of $287.50.
Concentration of credit risk
The Company maintains its cash with a major financial institution located in the United States of America which it believes to be creditworthy. Balances are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000. At times, the Company may maintain balances in excess of the federally insured limits.
Intangible assets

Intangible assets other than goodwill consists of acquired finite-lived customer relationships and acquired indefinite-lived Part 135 air carrier certificate. At initial recognition, intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recognized at their fair value as of the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, finite-lived intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any, and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset, which was determined based on management’s estimate of the period over which the asset will contribute to our future cash flows.

The Company reviews the intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis or if events or changes in circumstances indicate it is more likely than not that they are impaired. These events could include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, a decline in operating performance, competition, sale, or disposition of a significant portion of the business, or other factors. If the review indicates the impairment, an impairment loss would be recorded for the difference of the value recorded and the fair value. There was no impairment loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 or 2024, respectively.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate purchase price paid over the fair value of the net assets acquired in our business combinations. Goodwill is not amortized and is tested for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Events or changes in circumstances that could trigger an impairment review include a significant adverse change in business climate, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, a loss of key personnel, significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business, significant negative industry or economic trends, or significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future results of operations. The Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, including goodwill.
If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, additional impairment testing is not required. The Company tests for goodwill impairment annually during its fourth quarter. In March 2025, the Company sold GC Aviation, Inc and the Part 135 air carrier certificate. In connection with that sale, the Company recorded an impairment on goodwill of $35 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2025. The loss is recorded in other income, net in the consolidated statements of operations. There was no impairment loss recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2024.
Segment reporting

The Company identifies operating segments as components of the Company for which discrete financial information is available and is regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), or decision-making group, in making decisions regarding resource allocation and performance assessment. The CODM is the chief executive officer. We determined that the Company operates in a single operating and reportable segment, private aviation services, the CODM reviews financial information including total assets from continuing operations and net income from continuing operations presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and assessing performance. Substantially all of our long-lived assets are located in the U.S.

Cost of revenue

Cost of revenue includes costs that are directly related to the related revenue streams – aircraft sales and subscription based revenue. Aircraft sales cost of revenue is our purchase price of the aircraft. Subscription costs includes costs of our proprietary software, the Vaunt platform.

Advertising costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included in selling, general and administrative expenses on the statements of operations. Such advertising amounted to $207 thousand and $1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively and $344 thousand and $3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Leases
ASC Topic 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”) requires lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet with a corresponding right-of-use asset (“ROU asset”). ROU asset represents the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liability represents the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The right-of-use asset and lease liability are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of fixed lease payments over the lease term. ROU asset is evaluated for impairment using the long-lived asset impairment guidance. Leases will be classified as financing or operating, which will drive the expense recognition pattern. The Company elects to exclude short-term leases when recording a ROU asset and lease liability if and when the Company has them.
Recent accounting pronouncements

In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU” 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which modifies the disclosure and presentation requirements of reportable segments. The amendments in the update require the disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker “CODM” and included within each reported measure of segment profit and loss. The amendments also require disclosure of all other segment items by reportable segment and a description of its composition. Additionally, the amendments require disclosure of the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption was permitted. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which expands disclosures in an entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and disclosures regarding cash taxes paid both in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. The update will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on the presentation of its consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.
In November 2024, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 is intended to enhance the disclosures for expenses for all public entities in accordance with ASC Topic 220, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income. ASU 2024-03 addresses investor requests for more detailed information about expenses, specifically cost of sales and selling, general, and administrative expenses. ASU 2024-03 requires a public entity to disclose the amounts of (a) purchases of inventory, (b) employee compensation, (c) depreciation, (d) intangible asset amortization, and (e) depreciation, depletion, and amortization recognized as part of oil- and gas-producing activities (or other amounts of depletion expense) included in each relevant expense caption presented on the face of the income statement as well as a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in the relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively. ASU 2024-03 also requires a public entity to disclose the total amount of selling expenses and the entity’s definition of selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. A public entity should apply ASU 2024-03 either prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date of this ASU or retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2024-03 on its future consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.