v3.25.2
Note 8 - Fair Value
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Notes to Financial Statements  
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

8.

Fair Value

 

In accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure”, the Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. The fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (“an exit price”) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument.

 

The fair value guidance provides a consistent definition of fair value, which focuses on exit price in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, a change in valuation technique or the use of multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate. In such instances, determining the price at which willing market participants would transact at the measurement date under current market conditions depends on the facts and circumstances and requires the use of significant judgment. The fair value is a reasonable point within the range that is the most representative of fair value under current market conditions.

 

In accordance with the guidance, a hierarchy of valuation techniques is based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under ASC Topic 820 based on these two types of inputs, are as follows:

 

 

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

 

 

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

 

 

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

 

The Company uses the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate the fair values of the following assets:

 

 

Securities available for sale: The fair values of securities available for sale are determined by obtaining quoted prices from a nationally recognized securities pricing agent. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is determined using quoted market prices for similar securities.

 

 

Equity security at fair value: The Company’s investment in an equity mutual fund is valued based on the net asset value of the fund, which is classified as Level 1.

 

 

Other real estate owned (“OREO”): Nonrecurring fair value adjustments to OREO reflect full or partial write-downs that are based on the OREO’s observable market price or current appraised value of the real estate. Since the market for OREO is not active, OREO subjected to nonrecurring fair value adjustments based on the current appraised value of the real estate are classified as Level 3. The appraised value is obtained annually from an independent third party appraiser and is reduced by expected sales costs, which has historically been 10% of the appraised value.

 

 

Collateral-dependent loans: Nonrecurring fair value adjustments to collateral-dependent loans reflect full or partial write-downs and reserves that are based on the collateral-dependent loan’s observable market price or current appraised value of the collateral. Because the market for collateral-dependent loans is not active, such loans subjected to nonrecurring fair value adjustments based on the current appraised value of the collateral are classified as Level 3. The appraised value is obtained annually from an independent third party appraiser and is reduced by expected sales costs, which has historically been 10% of the appraised value.

 

 

Fair value hedges: The market value based on independent third party valuation sources that uses observable and traded prices of interest rate swaps from leading banks and brokers.  

 

 

Loans held for sale: These loans are carried at the lower of cost or market. The market value is considered to approximate the price at which the loan is locked in with the investor.

 

The following tables summarize financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:

 

   

Carrying Value:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

                               

June 30, 2025

 

Level 1

   

Level 2

   

Level 3

   

Total

 
                                 

Recurring:

                               

Available for sale securities

                               

State and municipal

  $ -     $ 449     $ -     $ 449  

SBA pools

    -       561       -       561  

Corporate bonds

    -       6,232       -       6,232  

Mortgage-backed securities

    -       114,192       -       114,192  
    $ -     $ 121,434     $ -     $ 121,434  

Fair value hedge:

                               

Hedging asset

  $ -     $ 114     $ -     $ 114  

Hedging liability

    -       233       -       233  

Net fair value hedge

  $ -     $ (119 )   $ -     $ (119 )
                                 

Equity security at fair value

                               

Mutual fund

  $ 535     $ -     $ -     $ 535  
                                 

Nonrecurring:

                               

Other real estate owned, net

  $ -     $ -     $ 2,758     $ 2,758  

Collateral-dependent loans, net

  $ -     $ -     $ 7     $ 7  

 

 

   

Carrying Value:

 

(dollars in thousands)

                               

December 31, 2024

 

Level 1

   

Level 2

   

Level 3

   

Total

 
                                 

Recurring:

                               

Available for sale securities

                               

State and municipal

  $ -     $ 487     $ -     $ 487  

SBA pools

    -       629       -       629  

Corporate bonds

    -       7,185       -       7,185  

Mortgage-backed securities

    -       117,412       -       117,412  
    $ -     $ 125,713     $ -     $ 125,713  
                                 

Fair value hedge:

                               

Hedging asset

  $ -     $ 626     $ -     $ 626  

Hedging liability

    -       28       -       28  

Net fair value hedge

  $ -     $ 598     $ -     $ 598  
                                 

Equity securities at fair value

                               

Mutual fund

  $ -     $ 518     $ -     $ 518  
                                 

Nonrecurring:

                               

Other real estate owned, net

  $ -     $ -     $ 1,176     $ 1,176  

Collateral-dependent loans, net

  $ -     $ -     $ 2,080     $ 2,080  

 

The following table provides information describing the unobservable inputs used in level 3 fair value measurements at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

 

June 30, 2025:

                         

(dollars in thousands)

                         

Assets

 

Fair Value

 

Valuation Technique

 

Unobservable Inputs

 

Range (Average)

                           

Collateral-dependent loans

  $ 7  

Third party appraisals and in-house real estate valuations of fair value

 

Marketability/selling costs and current market conditions

    0% to 20% (10%)
                           

Other real estate owned

  $ 2,758  

Third party appraisals and in-house real estate valuations of fair value

 

Marketability/selling costs and current market conditions

    0% to 10% (5%)

 

December 31, 2024:

                         

(dollars in thousands)

                         

Assets

 

Fair Value

 

Valuation Techniques

 

Unobservable Input

 

Average

 
                           

Collateral-dependent loans

  $ 2,080  

Third party appraisals and in-house real estate valuations of fair value

 

Marketability/selling costs and current market conditions

    0% to 20% (10%)
                           

Other real estate owned

  $ 1,176  

Third party appraisals and in-house real estate valuations of fair value

 

Marketability/selling costs and current marketconditions

    0% to 10% (5%)

 

The estimated fair value of financial instruments that are reported at amortized cost less allowance for credit losses in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs were as follows:

 

   

June 30, 2025

   

December 31, 2024

 
   

Carrying

   

Estimated

   

Carrying

   

Estimated

 
   

Amount

   

Fair Value

   

Amount

   

Fair Value

 

Financial assets

                               

Level 1 inputs

                               

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 31,283     $ 31,283     $ 64,659     $ 64,659  
Equity security     535       535       518       518  

Level 2 inputs

                               

Certificates of deposit in other banks

    100       100       100       100  

Accrued interest receivable

    2,388       2,388       2,439       2,439  

Securities available for sale

    121,434       121,434       125,713       125,713  

Securities held to maturity

    17,292       15,846       17,156       15,589  

Mortgage loans held for sale

    641       641       157       157  

Restricted stock, at cost

    1,190       1,190       921       921  

Bank owned life insurance

    15,535       15,535       15,324       15,324  

Fair value hedge

    114       114       626       626  

Level 3 inputs

                               

Securities held to maturity

    4,036       4,036       3,343       3,343  

Loans, net

    615,469       610,730       582,993       572,346  
                                 

Financial liabilities

                               

Level 1 inputs

                               

Noninterest-bearing deposits

  $ 121,398     $ 121,398     $ 107,197     $ 107,197  

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

    4,772       4,772       5,564       5,564  

Level 2 inputs

                               

Interest-bearing deposits

    627,500       630,136       651,609       654,346  

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

    10,000       9,811       5,000       4,957  

Long-term debt

    10,388       10,297       11,329       11,066  

Accrued interest payable

    919       919       1,003       1,003  

Fair value hedge

    233       233       28       28