Revenue recognition - The Company recognizes revenues under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842 Leases (“ASC 842”) and ASC 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). 

Rental revenue from medical equipment leasing (“leasing”) – The Company recognizes revenues under ASC 842 when services have been rendered and collectability is reasonably assured, on either a fee per use or revenue sharing basis. The terms of the contracts do not contain any guaranteed minimum payments. The Company’s lease contracts typically have a ten-year term and are classified as either fee per use or revenue sharing. Fee per use revenues are recognized at the time the procedures are performed, based on each hospital’s contracted rate and the number of procedures performed. Under revenue sharing arrangements, the Company receives a contracted percentage of the reimbursement received by the hospital. The amount the Company expects to receive is recorded as revenue and estimated based on historical experience. Revenue estimates are reviewed periodically and adjusted as necessary.  Some of the Company’s revenue sharing arrangements also have a cost sharing component. The Company records an estimate of operating costs which are reviewed on a regular basis and adjusted as necessary to more accurately reflect the actual operating costs. The operating costs are recorded as other direct operating costs in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025, the Company recognized leasing revenue of approximately $3,571,000 and $ 6,562,000 compared to $3,899,000 and $ 8,152,000 for the same periods in the prior year, respectively. For the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025, $1,921,000 and $3,563,000 of the ASC 842 revenues were for PBRT services compared to $2,420,000 and $5,069,000, respectively.

Direct patient services income – The Company has stand-alone facilities in Lima, Peru, Guayaquil, Ecuador, and Puebla, Mexico where contracts exist between the Company’s facilities and the individual patients treated at the facility. Under ASC 606, the Company acts as the principal in these transactions and provides, at a point in time, a single performance obligation, in the form of a Gamma Knife or radiation therapy treatment. Revenue related to these treatments is recognized on a gross basis at the time when the patient receives treatment. There is no variable consideration present in the Company’s performance obligation and the transaction price is agreed upon per the stated contractual rate. GKPeru’s payment terms are typically prepaid for self-pay patients and insurance provider payments are paid net 30 days. GKCE’s patient population is primarily covered by a government payor and payments are paid between three and six months following issuance of an invoice. The facility in Puebla currently has a contract with one local hospital to cover its eligible patient base and is also treating self-pay patients. Puebla’s payment terms are typically prepaid for self-pay patients and net 30 days for the hospital patients. The Company did not capitalize any incremental costs related to the fulfillment of its customer contracts.

On May 7, 2024, the Company acquired 60% of the interests of the RI Companies. The RI Companies operate three, existing, stand-alone radiation therapy cancer centers in Woonsocket, Warwick and Providence, Rhode Island, where contracts exist between the Company’s facilities and the individual patients treated at the facility.  Under ASC 606, the Company acts as the principal in these transactions and provides, at a point in time, a single performance obligation, in the form of radiation therapy treatment.  Revenue related to radiation therapy is recognized at the expected amount to be received, based on insurance contracts and payor mix, when the patient receives treatment.  There is no variable consideration present in the Company’s performance obligation and the transaction price is agreed upon per the stated contractual rate.  Payment terms at these facilities are typically prepaid for self-pay patients and insurance providers are paid net 30 to 60 days. The Company did not capitalize any incremental costs related to the fulfillment of its customer contracts. The Company also concluded the three facilities are part of its direct patient services segment, see further discussion below.

Accounts receivable balances under ASC 606 at  June 30, 2025 and January 1, 2025 were $6,657,000 and $6,073,000, respectively. Accounts receivable balances under ASC 606 at  June 30, 2024 and January 1, 2024 were $4,558,000 and $1,626,000, respectively. For the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025, the Company recognized direct patient services revenues of approximately $3,500,000 and $6,621,000 compared to $3,157,000 and $4,120,000 for the same periods in the prior year, respectively.

Business segment information - Based on the guidance provided in accordance with ASC 280 Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”), the Company analyzed its subsidiaries which are all in the business of providing radiosurgery and radiation therapy services, either through leasing to healthcare providers or directly to patients, and concluded there are two reportable segments, leasing and direct patient services. As of June 30, 2025, the Company provided Gamma Knife and PBRT equipment to eight hospitals in the United States, which constitutes the leasing segment. As of June 30, 2025, the Company owns and operates two single-unit Gamma Knife facilities in Lima, Peru and Guayaquil, Ecuador, one single-unit radiation therapy facility in Puebla, Mexico, and following the RI Acquisition on May 7, 2024, the Company also owns a majority interest in and operates, three single-unit radiation therapy facilities in Rhode Island, which collectively constitute the direct patient services segment. 

An operating segment is defined by ASC 280 as a component of an entity that engages in business activities in which it  may recognize revenues and incur expenses, that has operating results that are regularly reviewed by the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), and for which its discrete financial information is available. The Company determined two reportable segments existed due to similarities in economics of business operations and how the Company recognizes revenue for the patient treatment. The operating results of the two reportable segments are reviewed by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is also the CODM.

For the periods ended  June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s PBRT operations represented a majority of the net (loss) income attributable to American Shared Hospital Services from the leasing segment, disclosed below. The revenues, depreciation, interest expense, interest income, tax expense, net (loss) income attributable to American Shared Hospital Services, and total assets for the Company’s two reportable segments as of  June 30, 2025 and 2024 consist of the following: