Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
6 Months Ended |
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Jun. 30, 2025 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), are presented in U.S. dollars and include the accounts of the Fund and its wholly owned subsidiaries. The Fund is an investment company following accounting and reporting guidance in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 946, Financial Services – Investment Companies. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. All references to the Fund include the accounts of its consolidated subsidiaries. The consolidated interim financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and pursuant to the requirements of Article 6 of Regulation S-X of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"). The interim financial data as of June 30, 2025 and for each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024 is unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for the fair presentation of the consolidated interim financial statements for the periods presented have been included. These consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Fund's audited consolidated financial statements, and notes related thereto, for the year ended December 31, 2024. The current period’s results of operations will not necessarily be indicative of results that ultimately may be achieved for the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2025. Basis of Consolidation The Fund generally consolidates any wholly or substantially owned subsidiary when the design and purpose of the subsidiary is to act as an extension of the Fund’s investment operations and to facilitate the execution of the Fund’s investment strategy. Accordingly, the Fund has consolidated the results of its subsidiaries in its consolidated financial statements, including Silver Point SCF CLO I, Ltd., Silver Point SCF CLO I, LLC, Silver Point SCF CLO IV, Ltd., Silver Point SCF CLO IV, LLC, Specialty Credit Facility, LLC, Specialty Credit Holdings, LLC, Specialty Credit Fund Cayman, Ltd., Silver Point Specialty Credit Depositor, LLC, SCF West, LLC, SCF APEG Holdings, LLC, SCF CAL, L.P., SCF CAL GP, LLC, SCF I SPRE Holdings, LLC, SCF Property Holdings, LLC, Golden Holdings I, LLC and SLMD Holdings, Inc. As provided by ASC 946, the Fund will not consolidate portfolio companies in which it invests, unless the portfolio company is itself an investment company or is a controlled operating company whose business consists of providing services to the Fund. The Fund's investments in the portfolio companies (including its investments held by consolidated subsidiaries) are listed on the Fund's consolidated statements of assets and liabilities, as investments at fair value. Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the fair value of investments, the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates and such differences could be material. Reclassifications Certain prior period amounts may be reclassified to conform to the current presentation with no effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Investment Classification The Fund classifies its investments by level of control. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is presumed to "control" a portfolio company if the Fund owns more than 25% of a portfolio company's voting securities and/or holds the power to exercise control over the management or policies of such portfolio company; the Fund is generally presumed a non-control "affiliated person" if the Fund owns, either directly or indirectly, between 5% and 25% of a portfolio company's outstanding voting securities and/or is under common control with the portfolio company. Detailed information with respect to the Fund's investment classification by level of control is disclosed in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, including the consolidated schedules of investments. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash on deposit at a major financial institution is included in cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities. Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid assets, such as money market funds. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, cash was $16.0 million and $10.7 million, respectively, and cash equivalents were $75.0 million and $40.1 million, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, interest income generated by cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents was approximately $0.9 million and $0.9 million, respectively, and is included in interest income on the consolidated statements of operations. For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, interest income generated by cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents was approximately $1.7 million and $2.0 million, respectively. At times, cash and cash equivalents may exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limits. Management believes that the credit risk to these deposits is minimal. Cash equivalents are classified as Level 1 in the U.S. GAAP valuation hierarchy. Foreign Cash Held at Banks Cash denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars is recorded as foreign cash held at banks. At times, foreign cash held at banks may exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limits. Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents Restricted cash and cash equivalents are generally restricted to the purchase of investments, as well as payment of expenses and interest, in connection with the Fund's credit facilities (Note 6). Restricted cash on deposit at a major financial institution is included in restricted cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities. Restricted cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments, such as money market funds. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, restricted cash was $2.4 million and $6.0 million, respectively, and restricted cash equivalents were $30.9 million and $42.4 million, respectively. At times, restricted cash and cash equivalents may exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limits.Certain restricted cash and cash equivalents may be available for monthly withdrawal subject to the terms of the underlying credit facilities. Due from and Due to Broker Due from and due to broker consist of cash and cash collateral related to foreign currency forward contracts and interest rate swaps (Note 7). As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, due from broker consists of approximately $4.2 million and $2.1 million, respectively, of cash collateral. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, due to broker consists of approximately $0.0 million and $(1.9) million, respectively, of cash collateral. Investment Transactions and Related Income and Expense Investments are carried at fair value, with resulting unrealized appreciation and depreciation reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. Purchases and sales of investments are recorded on a trade date basis. Net gains or losses on investments are included on the consolidated statements of operations. Realized gains and losses on investments are determined on the specific cost identification basis. Loans including revolving credit agreements are generally recorded on the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities as a component of investments owned at fair value, net of the unfunded portion of the related revolving credit agreement. Real estate properties represent direct ownership of underlying real property assets. The properties are recorded at fair value and generally do not produce rental income. Interest income and expense are recognized on an accrual basis. Discounts and premiums to par value on investments are accreted and amortized into interest income over the life of the respective investment using the effective interest method. Loan origination and commitment fees received in full at the inception of a loan or bond and fees earned in full upfront and to be paid at the termination of the loan are deferred and accreted into interest income, using the effective yield method as an enhancement to the related loan’s yield over the contractual life of the loan. The amortized cost of investments is adjusted for accretion of fees, if any. For the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, non-cash interest income related to such accretion amounted to $2.2 million and $1.7 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, non-cash interest income related to such accretion amounted to $4.1 million and $3.5 million, respectively. Upon the prepayment of a loan, prepayment premiums and any unamortized fees are recorded as interest income. The Fund has loans in its portfolio that contain payment-in-kind (“PIK”) provisions. PIK interest, computed at the contractual rate specified in each loan agreement, is generally recorded as interest income on an accrual basis. On the specified capitalization date, PIK interest is added to the principal balance and cost of the loan. Generally, loans are placed on non-accrual status when there is reasonable doubt that the principal or interest will be collected in full and the accrued interest is reversed against interest income. Interest payments received on debt investments on non-accrual status may be recognized as interest income or treated as a reduction of cost basis of the debt investment based on management’s judgment of ultimate recovery and other considerations. Distributions from Equity Investments Distributions received from equity investments in limited liability companies (“LLCs”) and limited partnerships (“LPs”) are evaluated to determine if the distribution should be recorded as dividend income, return of capital or realized gain (loss). Generally, the Fund will not record distributions from equity investments in LLCs and LPs as dividend income unless there are sufficient accumulated tax basis earnings and profits in the LLCs or LPs prior to the distribution. Prior to the ex-dividend date, the value of a dividend may be reflected in the fair value of the equity investment. Distributions from equity investments that are classified as a return of capital are recorded as a reduction in the cost basis of such equity investments. Other Income From time to time, the Fund may receive fees for services provided to portfolio companies by the Adviser. The services that the Adviser provides vary by investment, but may include syndication, structuring, diligence fees, or other service-based fees and fees for providing managerial assistance to our portfolio companies. These fees are recognized when services are rendered and recorded as other income. Foreign Currency Transactions Net realized gain (loss) from foreign currency transactions as reported in the consolidated statements of operations arises from sales of foreign currencies; currency gains or losses realized between the trade and settlement dates on investment transactions; and the difference between the amounts of dividends, interest, and foreign withholding taxes recorded in the Fund’s books and records, and U.S. dollars equivalent of the amounts actually received or paid. Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) from foreign currency translations as reported in the consolidated statements of operations arises from changes in the fair values of assets and liabilities, other than investments at fiscal period-end, resulting from changes in exchange rates. Investments and other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollar amounts at the date of valuation. Purchases and sales of investments and income and expense items denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollar amounts on the respective dates of such transactions. The Fund does not isolate realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments and derivative contracts resulting from changes in foreign currency exchange rates on the consolidated statements of operations. Such fluctuations are reflected on the consolidated statements of operations together with net realized gain (loss) and net change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments and derivative contracts. The Fund generally attempts to hedge its foreign currency exposure through foreign currency forward contracts. Derivatives and Hedging In the normal course of business, the Fund has commitments and risks resulting from its investment transactions, which may include those involving derivative instruments. The Fund recognizes all derivative instruments as assets or liabilities at fair value in its consolidated financial statements, pursuant to ASC Topic 815 Derivatives and Hedging. The Fund enters into interest swap transactions from time to time to manage interest rate exposure in certain fixed rate debt investments and such swaps are not designated as hedging instruments in accordance with hedge accounting. The Fund presents changes in the fair value as part of change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on the consolidated statements of operations and amounts received or paid related to derivative contracts are recognized on a net basis as realized gain (loss) and determined on the specific cost identification basis. The Fund also uses certain interest rate swaps to hedge the Fund’s fixed rate debt and designates such interest rate swaps as hedging instruments in a fair value hedge, in accordance with hedge accounting; therefore, both the periodic payment and the change in fair value for the effective hedge, if applicable, are recognized as components of interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations (see Note 6 and Note 7 for more details). The fair value of interest rate swap agreements are derived using daily swap curves and models that incorporate a number of market data factors, such as discounted cash flows, trades and values of the underlying reference instruments. The fair value of the interest rate swaps does not take into account collateral posted which is recorded separately as due to or due from broker on the Fund's consolidated statements of assets and liabilities, depending on the nature of the balance at period end. Upfront payments made or received upon entering a derivative contract are treated as a part of the cost basis of the derivative contract. The Fund may also enter into foreign currency forward contracts, under which the Fund agrees to recover or deliver a fixed quantity of one currency for another at a pre-determined price at a future date. The foreign currency forward contracts are recorded at fair value. Purchases and settlements of foreign currency forward contracts having the same settlement date and counterparty are generally settled net and any realized gains or losses are recognized on the settlement date. The Fund does not utilize hedge accounting for these contracts and as such, realized and unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts are presented on the consolidated statements of operations. Derivative instruments are expressed in terms of the notional contract amount and derive their value based upon one or more underlying instruments. While the notional amount gives some indication of the Fund's derivative activity, it generally is not exchanged, but is only used as the basis on which interest and other payments are exchanged. Derivative instruments are subject to various risks similar to non-derivative instruments, including market, credit, liquidity, and operational risks. The Fund manages these risks on an aggregate basis as part of its risk management process. Deferred Financing Costs and Debt Issuance Costs Deferred financing costs represent fees and other direct costs incurred in connection with the Fund’s borrowings. For revolving credit facilities, these amounts are capitalized as an asset within the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities and are amortized using the straight-line methodology over the expected term of the borrowing which is generally expected to be at the end of the revolving period. The Fund records costs related to the issuance of term debt obligations as debt issuance costs. These costs are deferred and amortized using the effective interest method. These costs are presented as a reduction to the outstanding principal amount of the term debt obligations on the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities. Valuation of Investments and Derivative Contracts Investments at fair value consist primarily of senior secured debt, real estate properties and equities. Derivative contracts consist primarily of foreign currency forward contracts and interest rate swaps. The Board has designated the Adviser as the Fund’s valuation designee pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act, which establishes requirements for determining fair value in good faith for purposes of the 1940 Act. Accordingly, the Adviser has appointed its BDC Valuation Committee with the responsibility for fair value determinations pursuant to valuation procedures adopted for the Fund. The Board oversees the Adviser in its role as valuation designee in accordance with the requirements of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. Investments and derivative contracts are valued in good faith by the Adviser, as the Fund’s valuation designee, at fair value pursuant to the valuation policy, which considers quotations provided by independent pricing sources, when such quotations are available and deemed reliable. The Fund conducts this valuation process on a quarterly basis. Investments that are not listed on an exchange but are actively traded over-the-counter are generally valued at the representative “bid” quotation if held long and the representative “ask” quotation if held short or, in the case of equities that trade in over-the-counter marketplaces, at the last deemed reliable sale price provided by independent pricing sources. Derivative contracts not listed on an exchange are generally valued through industry-standard valuation models using inputs obtained from pricing vendors and from the relevant derivative contract. Investments for which independent pricing sources or recent transaction activity are either not readily available or are not deemed reliable (“Non-Quoted Investments”) are fair valued as determined in good faith by the Adviser, as the Fund’s valuation designee. Non-Quoted Investments are valued in a multi-step process: 1. The BDC valuation team within the Fund Accounting team of the Adviser (“Fund Accounting”) provides recent portfolio company financial statements and other reporting materials to independent valuation firm(s) approved by the BDC Valuation Committee. 2. The independent valuation firm(s) evaluates this information along with relevant observable market data to conduct independent valuations each quarter, and their valuation recommendations are documented and discussed with the BDC Valuation Committee, Fund Accounting and the relevant investment professionals, as appropriate. 3. The valuation recommendations for certain investments may be determined by the BDC Valuation Committee in good faith in accordance with the valuation policy for the Fund without the employment of an independent valuation firm, based on immateriality or other considerations as appropriate. 4. The BDC Valuation Committee discusses the valuations and approves the fair value of the investments in good faith based on the input and advice provided by the independent valuation firm(s), the BDC valuation team and relevant investment professionals of the Adviser, as necessary. The estimated fair value of financial instruments is based upon available information and may not be the amount that the Fund would realize in a current transaction or might be ultimately realized, since such amounts depend on future circumstances, and the differences could be material. In accordance with the authoritative guidance on fair value measurements and disclosures under U.S. GAAP, the Fund discloses the fair value of its investments according to a hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure the fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to valuations based upon unadjusted quoted prices on a securities exchange in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to valuations based upon unobservable inputs that are significant to the valuation (level 3 measurements). In accordance with U.S. GAAP, these inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below: Level 1: Inputs that reflect unadjusted quoted prices on a securities exchange in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices on a securities exchange that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly in active markets, or unadjusted prices on a securities exchange in markets that are not considered to be active; Level 3: Significant inputs that may be unobservable or inputs, including market quotations other than quoted prices on a securities exchange, in markets that are not considered to be active. Inputs are used in applying the various valuation techniques and broadly refer to the assumptions that market participants use to make valuation decisions including assumptions about risk. Inputs may include price information, volatility statistics, specific and broad credit data, liquidity statistics and other factors. An investment’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. However, the determination of what constitutes “observable” requires judgment by the Adviser. The Adviser considers observable data to be that market data which is readily available, regularly distributed or updated, reliable and verifiable, not proprietary, and provided by multiple independent sources that are actively involved in the relevant market. The categorization of an investment within the hierarchy is based upon the pricing transparency of the investment and does not necessarily correspond to the Adviser’s perceived risk of that instrument. In determining an instrument’s placement within the hierarchy, the Adviser separates the Fund’s investment portfolio into two categories: investments and derivative contracts. Each of these categories can further be divided between assets and liabilities and further by investment type. Investments whose values are based on the unadjusted quoted prices on a securities exchange in active markets for identical assets or liabilities are classified within Level 1. These include actively traded listed equities and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Cash equivalents primarily consist of money market funds valued at their net asset value per share. Investments that are valued based on dealer quotations or alternative pricing sources supported by observable inputs are generally classified within level 2. These may include certain bonds or bank loans. Derivative contracts can be exchange-traded or privately negotiated over-the-counter (“OTC”). OTC derivatives, including foreign currency forward contracts and interest rate swaps are generally valued using observable inputs. In instances where models are used, the value of an OTC derivative depends upon the contractual terms of, and specific risks inherent in the instrument as well as the availability and reliability of observable inputs. OTC derivatives are typically classified within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy depending on their liquidity or the observability of their inputs. Investments classified within level 3 have significant unobservable inputs. Level 3 instruments may include certain bank loans, trust interests, private equity and real estate properties. When observable prices are not available for these investments, one or more valuation techniques (e.g., market approach or income approach) for which sufficient and reliable data is available may be used. Within level 3, the use of the market approach technique generally consists of using comparable market data, while the use of the income approach technique generally consists of the net present value of estimated future cash flows, adjusted as appropriate for liquidity, credit, market and/or other factors. Quotations provided by independent pricing sources may also be considered, if available and deemed reliable, in determining the value of level 3 investments. The inputs used in estimating the value of level 3 investments that are not valued using quotations provided by independent pricing sources may include but are not limited to the original transaction price, recent transactions in the same or similar instruments, completed or pending third party transactions in the underlying investment or comparable issuers, subsequent rounds of financing, recapitalizations and other transactions across the capital structure, offerings in the equity or debt capital markets, discount rates, durations and changes in financial ratios or cash flows. Comparable public companies may also be identified based on industry, size, strategy, etc. and a trading multiple or yield is determined for each comparable company. Additionally, level 3 investments may also be adjusted to reflect illiquidity and/or non-transferability, with the amount of such discount estimated in the absence of market information. Assumptions used due to the lack of observable inputs may significantly impact the resulting fair value and therefore the Fund’s consolidated results of operations. Income Taxes The Fund intends to elect, effective as of May 1, 2025, to be treated, and qualify annually thereafter, as a regulated investment company ("RIC") as defined under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. As a RIC, the Fund will generally not pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes at least annually to its shareholders. Any tax liability related to income earned and distributed by the Fund represents obligations of the shareholders. To qualify for and maintain qualification as a RIC, the Fund must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements. In addition, to qualify for RIC tax treatment, the Fund must distribute to its shareholders, for each taxable year, at least 90% of its investment company taxable income, which is generally its ordinary income plus the excess, if any, of its realized net short-term capital gains over its realized net long-term capital losses. As a RIC, the Fund will also be subject to a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax on undistributed income unless the Fund distributes in a timely manner, for each taxable year, an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary net income for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gains (both long-term and short-term) for the one-year period ending October 31 in that calendar year and (3) any income realized, but not distributed, in prior years. To maintain its tax treatment as a RIC, the Fund intends, among other things, to make the requisite distributions to its shareholders, which generally relieves the Fund from corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes. Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a tax year, the Fund may carry forward taxable income (including net capital gains, if any) in excess of current year dividend distributions from the current tax year into the next tax year. To the extent that the Fund determines that its estimated current year annual taxable income will be in excess of estimated current year dividend distributions from such income, the Fund will be subject to a nondeductible 4% U.S. federal excise tax on estimated excess taxable income. For three and six months ended June 30, 2025, there was no accrued U.S. federal excise tax. Prior to May 1, 2025, the Fund was treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a partnership, the Fund was generally not subject to U.S. federal income taxes at the entity level. Instead each investor was individually responsible for income taxes, if any, on its share of the Fund’s net taxable income. During this period, the Fund may have incurred entity-level state taxes or withholding taxes based on specific investors or income sources. Such taxes, were either recorded as entity-level expenses or charged directly to respective investors. Non-U.S. sourced income, such as interest, dividends, or capital gains, could have been subject to withholding and other taxes levied by the jurisdiction where the income was sourced. Such withholding taxes are accrued when incurred as withholding taxes against the relevant income stream. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the Fund did not incur any non-U.S. tax expenses. During the period when the Fund was treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, IRS audits and adjustments were conducted at the Fund level, with the Fund potentially responsible for taxes (and associated interest and penalties) resulting from such adjustments. In certain cases, the Fund could elect to have the tax assessed or collected at the investor level. In the event of an audit, partnership audit rules and elections could significantly affect the amount and timing of tax (and associated interest and penalties) that is required to be borne by the Fund and its investors (including former investors). The Fund follows the authoritative guidance on accounting for and disclosure of uncertainty in tax positions, and is required to determine whether a tax position of the Fund is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. For tax positions meeting the more likely than not threshold, the tax amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements is reduced by the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant taxing authority. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, there were no liabilities related to accounting for uncertain tax positions. The Fund files tax returns as required in the jurisdictions where it operates or invests and may be subject to examination for all open tax years, the earliest of which is 2021. The Fund recognizes interest and penalties, when known on the consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, there were no material interest and penalties. Segment Reporting In accordance with ASC Topic 280 - Segment Reporting, the Fund has determined that it has a single operating and reporting segment. Operating and reporting segments are components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and are evaluated regularly by the Fund's chief operating decision maker ( the "CODM") in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Fund's CODM is its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. The key metrics, along with other various factors, the CODM utilizes to determine performance and make operating decisions are net investment income and net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations, as reported on the consolidated statements of operations. The Fund's CODM views the Fund's operations and manages its business in one operating segment, which is to primarily invest in U.S. middle market lending opportunities to achieve the Fund's investment objective. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 2200-40),” which requires disaggregated disclosure of certain costs and expenses, including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, amortization and depletion, in each relevant expense caption. ASU 2024-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption and retrospective application is permitted. The Fund is currently assessing the impact of this guidance, however, the Fund does not expect a material impact to its consolidated financial statements. |