v3.25.2
Related Party Transactions
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions

Note 3. Related Party Transactions

Advisory Agreement

Subject to the overall supervision of the Board and in accordance with the 1940 Act, the Advisor manages the Company’s day-to-day operations and provides investment advisory services to the Company. Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor:

determines the composition of the Company’s portfolio, the nature and timing of the changes to its portfolio and the manner of implementing such changes;
identifies, evaluates and negotiates the structure of the investments the Company makes;
executes, closes, services and monitors the investments the Company makes;
determines the securities and other assets that the Company purchases, retains or sells;
performs due diligence on prospective portfolio companies; and
provides the Company with such other investment advisory, research and related services as the Company may, from time to time, reasonably require for the investment of its funds.

Under the Advisory Agreement, the Company pays the Advisor fees for investment management services consisting of a base management fee (the “Base Management Fee”) and an incentive fee (the “Incentive Fee”).

Base Management Fee

The Company pays the Advisor a management fee equal to an annual rate of 1.25% of the average of the Company’s net assets, at the end of the two most recently completed quarters. Subsequent to any initial public offering (“IPO”) or other listing of the Common Shares on a national securities exchange (“Exchange Listing”), the Company will pay the Advisor a base management fee calculated at an annual rate of 1.25% of the Company’s average gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed quarters. The management fee is payable quarterly in arrears. For the three months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024 the management fee was $1,691,116 and $899,154, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024 the management fee was $3,195,349 and $1,615,906, respectively.

Incentive Fee

The Incentive Fee consists of two components that are independent of each other, with the result that one component may be payable even if the other is not. A portion of the Incentive Fee is based on a percentage of income and a portion is based on a percentage of capital gains, each as described below.

Income-Based Incentive Fee. The portion based on the Company’s income is based on Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns. “Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns” means, as the context requires, either the dollar value of, or percentage rate of return on the value of net assets at the end of the immediate preceding quarter from interest income, dividend income and any other income (including any other fees (other than fees for providing managerial assistance), such as commitment, origination, structuring, diligence and consulting fees or other fees that are received from portfolio companies) accrued during the calendar quarter,

minus operating expenses accrued for the quarter (including the management fee, expenses payable under the Administration Agreement entered into between the Company and the Administrator, and any interest expense or fees on any credit facilities or outstanding debt and dividends paid on any issued and outstanding preferred shares, but excluding the Incentive Fee and any shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees). Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns include, in the case of investments with a deferred interest feature (such as original issue discount, debt instruments with interest and zero coupon securities), accrued income that has not yet been received in cash. Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns do not include any realized capital gains, realized capital losses or unrealized capital appreciation or depreciation. The impact of expense support payments and recoupments are also excluded from Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns. Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, expressed as a rate of return on the value of the Company’s net assets at the end of the immediate preceding quarter, is compared to a “hurdle rate” of return of 1.25% per quarter (5.0% annualized).

The Company pays the Advisor an Income Based Incentive Fee quarterly in arrears with respect to the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns in each calendar quarter as follows:

No incentive fee based on Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns in any calendar quarter in which Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns do not exceed the hurdle rate of 1.25% per quarter (5.0% annualized);
100% of the dollar amount of Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns with respect to that portion of such Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate until the Advisor has received 12.5% of the total Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns for that calendar quarter. The Company refers to this portion of the Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns (which exceeds the hurdle rate) as the “catch-up.” This “catch-up” is meant to provide the Advisor an Incentive Fee of 12.5% on all Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns when that amount equals 1.43% in a calendar quarter (5.72% annualized), which is the rate at which the catch-up is achieved.
12.5% of the dollar amount of all Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income Returns, if any, that exceed a rate of return of 1.43%.

These calculations are prorated for any period of less than three months, including the first quarter the Company commenced operations, and are adjusted for any share issuances or repurchases during the relevant quarter.

For the three months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024, income-based incentive fees were $2,095,341 and $1,017,122, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024, income-based incentive fees were $3,772,701 and $1,709,772, respectively.

Capital Gains Incentive Fee. The second part of the Incentive Fee is determined and payable in arrears as of the end of each calendar year in an amount equal to 12.5% of cumulative realized capital gains from inception through the end of such calendar, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid Incentive Fee on capital gains as calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP (the “Capital Gains Incentive Fee”). Subsequent to any IPO or Exchange Listing, the Company will pay the Advisor the Income Incentive Fee and Capital Gains Incentive Fee described above except that all of the 12.5% figures referenced therein will be increased to 15.0%.

In accordance with GAAP, the Company accrues a hypothetical capital gains incentive fee based upon the cumulative realized capital gains and realized capital losses and the cumulative unrealized capital appreciation and unrealized capital depreciation on investments held at the end of each period. Actual amounts paid to the Advisor are consistent with the Advisory Agreement and are based only on actual realized capital gains computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis from inception through the end of each calendar year as if the entire portfolio was sold at fair value. For the three months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024, the Company accrued capital gains incentive fees of $477,946 and $(68,141), respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024, the Company accrued capital gains incentive fees of $90,495 and $72,984, respectively, of which none was currently payable on such dates under the Advisory Agreement.

Administration Agreement

Under the Administration Agreement, the Administrator furnishes the Company with office facilities and equipment and provides the Company with clerical, bookkeeping, recordkeeping and other administrative services at such facilities. The Administrator also performs, or oversees the performance of, the Company’s required administrative services, which include responsibility for the financial and other records that the Company is required to maintain and preparing reports to its shareholders and reports and other materials filed with the SEC. In addition, the Administrator assists the Company in determining and publishing its net asset value, oversees the preparation and filing of its tax returns and the printing and dissemination of reports and other materials to its shareholders, and generally oversees the payment of its expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to the Company by others. Under the Administration Agreement, the Administrator also provides managerial assistance on the Company’s behalf to those

portfolio companies that have accepted the Company’s offer to provide such assistance. The Administrator has retained State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”), a Massachusetts trust company, as a sub-administrator to perform any or all of its obligations under the Administration Agreement.

Payments under the Administration Agreement are equal to an amount based upon the Company’s allocable portion (subject to the review of the Board) of the Administrator’s overhead in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including rent, the fees and expenses associated with performing compliance functions and the Company’s allocable portion of the cost of the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and their staff as well as State Street’s fees.

For the three months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024, the Company incurred $266,046 and $266,874, respectively, in expenses under the Administration Agreement. For the six months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024, the Company incurred $501,124 and $533,748, respectively, in expenses under the Administration Agreement, which are recorded in “Administrative service expenses” in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was $266,046 and $270,203, respectively, of administrative service expenses payable by the Company which are included in “Due to Advisor and affiliates” in the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

SEC Exemptive Relief

As a BDC, the Company is subject to certain regulatory restrictions in making its investments. For example, BDCs generally are not permitted to co-invest with certain affiliated entities in transactions originated by the BDC or its affiliates in the absence of an exemptive order from the SEC. However, BDCs are permitted to, and may, simultaneously co-invest in transactions where price and quantity are the only negotiated terms. On March 6, 2023, the SEC issued an order (the “Co-Investment Order”) granting the Company’s application for exemptive relief to co-invest, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, in certain private placement transactions, with other funds managed by the Advisor or its affiliates. Under the terms of the Co-Investment Order, in order for the Company to participate in a co-investment transaction, a “required majority” (as defined in Section 57(o) of the 1940 Act) of the Company’s Independent Trustees must conclude that (i) the terms of the proposed transaction, including the consideration to be paid, are reasonable and fair to the Company and its shareholders and do not involve overreaching with respect of the Company or its shareholders on the part of any person concerned, and (ii) the proposed transaction is consistent with the interests of the Company’s shareholders and is consistent with the Company’s investment objectives and strategies and certain criteria established by the Board.

On June 18, 2024, the SEC issued the Multi-Class Order granting the Company’s application for exemptive relief from sections 18(a)(2), 18(c), 18(i) and 61(a) under the 1940 Act. Under the terms of the Multi-Class Order, the Company is permitted to offer multiple classes of its Common Shares with varying sales loads and asset-based distribution and/or service fees.

Managing Dealer Agreement

 

On November 25, 2024, the Company entered into a managing dealer agreement with Sanctuary Securities, Inc. (the “Managing Dealer Agreement” and the "Managing Dealer").

 

Pursuant to the Managing Dealer Agreement, the Managing Dealer, among other things, manages the Company’s relationships with third-party brokers engaged by the Managing Dealer to participate in the distribution of the Company’s common shares of beneficial interest (“participating brokers”) and financial advisors. The Managing Dealer also coordinates the Company’s marketing and distribution efforts with participating brokers and their registered representatives with respect to communications related to the terms of the offering, the Company’s investment strategies, material aspects of the Company’s operations and subscription procedures. As set forth in and pursuant to the Managing Dealer Agreement, the Company will pay the Managing Dealer a retainer, commission and shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees for its services. Furthermore, the Company will pay the Managing Dealer shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to Class S and Class D shares. The Managing Dealer Agreement may be terminated by the Company or the Managing Dealer (i) on 30 days’ written notice or (ii) immediately upon notice to the other party in the event that such other party shall have failed to comply with any material provision thereof. The Managing Dealer Agreement also may be terminated at any time without the payment of any penalty, (x) by vote of a majority of the Company’s trustees who are not “interested persons”, as defined in the 1940 Act, of the Company and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Company’s distribution plan or the Managing Dealer Agreement or (y) by a majority vote of the outstanding voting securities of the Company, on not more than 60 days’ written notice to the Managing Dealer or the Company’s investment adviser.

Either party may terminate the Managing Dealer Agreement at any time with or without cause effective upon receipt of written notice to that effect. The Company’s obligations under the Managing Dealer Agreement to pay the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to the Class S and Class D shares distributed in the Public Offering as described therein shall survive termination of the agreement until such shares are no longer outstanding (including such shares that have been converted into Class I shares).

 

Distribution and Servicing Plan

On October 10, 2024, the Company adopted an amended and restated distribution and servicing plan (the “Distribution and Servicing Plan”) to reflect the appointment of the Managing Dealer as the Company’s managing dealer. The following table shows the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees the Company pays the Managing Dealer with respect to the Class S, Class D and Class I Common Shares on an annualized basis as a percentage of the Company’s net asset value for such class.

 

 

 

Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee as a % of Net Asset Value

Class S shares

 

 

0.85%

Class D shares

 

 

0.25%

Class I shares

 

 

 

The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are paid monthly in arrears, calculated using the net asset value of the applicable class as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month and subject to Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) and other limitations on underwriting compensation.

The Managing Dealer will reallow (pay) all or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to participating brokers and servicing brokers for ongoing shareholder services performed by such brokers, and will waive shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to the extent a broker is not eligible to receive it for failure to provide such services. Because the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to Class S shares and Class D shares are calculated based on the aggregate net asset value for all of the outstanding shares of each such class, it reduces the net asset value with respect to all shares of each such class, including shares issued under the Company’s DRP.

Eligibility to receive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee is conditioned on a broker providing the following ongoing services with respect to the Class S or Class D shares: assistance with recordkeeping, answering investor inquiries regarding us, including regarding distribution payments and reinvestments, helping investors understand their investments upon their request, and assistance with share repurchase requests. If the applicable broker is not eligible to receive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee due to failure to provide these services, the Managing Dealer will waive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee that broker would have otherwise been eligible to receive. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are ongoing fees that are not paid at the time of purchase and are similar to commissions.

For the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company accrued $82 of distribution and shareholder servicing fees attributable to Class S shares. For the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company accrued $82 of distribution and shareholder servicing fees attributable to Class S shares. There were no Class D shares outstanding for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025.

 

Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement

The Company has entered into an expense support and conditional reimbursement agreement (as amended, the “Expense Support Agreement”) with the Advisor, pursuant to which the Advisor has contractually agreed to pay Other Operating Expenses (as defined below) of the Company on the Company’s behalf (each such payment, a “Required Expense Payment”) such that Other Operating Expenses of the Company do not exceed 1.00% (on an annualized basis) of the Company’s applicable quarter-end net asset value. “Other Operating Expenses” include the Company’s organizational and offering expenses (including the Company’s allocable portion of compensation and overhead (including rent, office equipment and utilities)) and other expenses incurred by the Administrator in performing its administrative obligations under the Administration Agreement, excluding Base Management Fees and Incentive Fees owed to the Advisor and any interest expenses owed by the Company.

At such times as the Advisor determines, the Advisor may elect to pay certain additional expenses of the Company on the Company’s behalf (each such payment, a “Voluntary Expense Payment” and together with a Required Expense Payment, the “Expense Payments”). In making a Voluntary Expense Payment, the Advisor will designate, as it deems necessary or advisable, what type of expense it is paying (including, whether it is paying organizational or offering expenses).

Following any calendar quarter in which Available Operating Funds (as defined below) exceed the cumulative distributions accrued to the Company’s shareholders based on distributions declared with respect to record dates occurring in such calendar quarter (the amount of such excess referred to in the Expense Support Agreement as “Excess Operating Funds”), the Company will pay such Excess Operating Funds, or a portion thereof, to the Advisor until such time as all Expense Payments made by the Advisor to the Company within three years prior to the last business day of such calendar quarter have been reimbursed. Any payments required to be made by the Company under the Expense Support Agreement are referred to as a “Reimbursement Payment.” “Available Operating Funds” means the sum of (i) the Company’s net investment company taxable income (including net short-term capital gains reduced by net long-term capital losses), (ii) the Company’s net capital gains (including the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) and (iii) dividends and other distributions paid to the Company on account of investments in portfolio companies (to the extent such amounts listed in clause (iii) are not included under clauses (i) and (ii) above).

The amount of the Reimbursement Payment for any calendar quarter will equal the lesser of (i) the Excess Operating Funds in such quarter and (ii) the aggregate amount of all Expense Payments made by the Advisor to the Company within three years prior to the last business day of such calendar quarter that have not been previously reimbursed by the Company to the Advisor; provided that the Advisor may waive its right to receive all or a portion of any Reimbursement Payment in any particular calendar quarter, in which case such waived amount will remain unreimbursed Expense Payments reimbursable in future quarters pursuant to the terms of the Expense Support Agreement.

No Reimbursement Payment for any quarter shall be made if: (1) the Effective Rate of Distributions Per Share (as defined below) declared by the Company at the time of such Reimbursement Payment is less than the Effective Rate of Distributions Per Share at the time the Expense Payment was made to which such Reimbursement Payment relates, (2) the Company’s Operating Expense Ratio at the time of such Reimbursement Payment is greater than the Operating Expense Ratio at the time the Expense Payment was made to which such Reimbursement Payment relate, or (3) the Company’s Other Operating Expenses at the time of such Reimbursement Payment exceeds 1.00% of the Company’s applicable quarter-end net asset value. The Effective Rate of Distributions Per Share means the annualized rate, based on a 365-day year, of regular cash distributions per share exclusive of returns of capital and declared special dividends or special distributions, if any. The Company’s Operating Expense Ratio is calculated by dividing Operating Expenses (i.e. the Company’s operating costs and expenses incurred, as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles), less organizational and offering expenses, Base Management Fees and Incentive Fees owed to the Advisor, shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees, and interest expense, by the Company’s net assets.

The Company’s obligation to make a Reimbursement Payment will automatically become a liability of the Company on the last business day of the applicable calendar quarter, except to the extent the Advisor has waived its right to receive such payment for the applicable quarter. The Reimbursement Payment for any calendar quarter will be paid by the Company to the Advisor in any combination of cash or other immediately available funds as promptly as possible following such calendar quarter and in no event later than 45 days after the end of such calendar quarter. All Reimbursement Payments shall be deemed to relate to the earliest unreimbursed Expense Payments made by the Advisor to the Company within three years prior to the last business day of the calendar quarter in which such Reimbursement Payments obligation is accrued.

For the three months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024, the Advisor provided $0 and $235,171 of expense support, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024, the Advisor provided $162,124 and $886,946 of expense support, respectively.

The Company did not have any obligation to make a Reimbursement Payment as of June 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024 under the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement. The cumulative amount incurred from formation that is subject to future potential reimbursement is $4,222,394.

Either the Company or the Advisor may terminate the Expense Support Agreement at any time, with or without notice, without the payment of any penalty, provided that any Expense Payments that have not been reimbursed by the Company to the Advisor will remain the obligation of the Company following any such termination, subject to the terms of the Expense Support Agreement.