2. BASIS OF PREPARATION OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Basis of Presentation — The financial information presented in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, has been prepared in accordance with rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Article 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations, comprehensive loss and cash flows for the periods presented. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, including the Company’s accounting policies for the year ended December 31, 2024 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 27, 2025 with the SEC. The results of the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025, for other interim periods, or for future years.

Basis of Consolidation — The Company’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These financial statements include the operating results and financial condition of GlobalTech Corporation, its wholly-owned subsidiaries; WSL (acquired on November 2021), Ferret Consulting FZC (acquired on November 2021), its majority-owned subsidiary WTL, and Route 1 Digital (Pvt) Limited. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Significant Accounting Policies:

Revenue Recognition — We account for revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those services. We enter contracts that can include various combinations of services, which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations.

We derive revenue from seven primary sources: (1) International Termination Services, (2) Indefeasible Right of Use (IRU) Services, (3) Cable TV and Internet Services, (4) Metro Fiber Solutions, (5) Capacity Sale Services, (6) Advertisement Services, and (7) Technology Services. All of our revenue arrangements are based on contracts with customers. Most of our contracts with customers contain single performance obligations, although certain contracts do contain multiple performance obligations where we perform more than one service for the same customer. We account for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct within the context of the contract. For contracts where we provide multiple services such as where we perform multiple ancillary services, each service represents its own performance obligation. Selling or transaction prices are based on the contractual prices for each service at its stand-alone selling price.

A five-step approach is applied in the recognition of revenue under ASC 606: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when we satisfy a performance obligation.

Payment of invoices is due as specified in the underlying customer agreement, typically advance payments to 30 days from the invoice date, which occurs on the date of transfer of control of the services to the customer. Since payment terms are less than a year, we have elected the practical expedient and do not assess whether a customer contract has a significant financing component. The Company’s revenue arrangements generally do not include a general right of refund for services provided.

Direct Operating Costs — Direct operating costs consist primarily of salaries and benefits related to personnel who provide services to clients, annual PTA fees, cable license fees and other direct costs related to the Company’s services. Costs associated with the implementation of new clients are expensed as incurred.

Other Operating Costs — Other operating costs consist primarily of compensation and benefits, travel and advertising expenses and are expensed as incurred.

Business Combinations – The Company accounts for business combinations under the provisions of ASC 805, Business Combinations. Such transactions between entities under common control are accounted for under provisions of ASC 805-50. Transfer of business among entities under common control is accounted for transactions by combining carrying amounts of the assets, liabilities, and equity of the combining entities as of the date of the combination. The financial statements reflect the assumption that the combining entities have been operating as a single economic entity throughout the period of common control. No fair value adjustments are made to the carrying amounts of the combining entities’ assets, liabilities, and equity, as the transaction is considered a transfer of ownership interests between entities under common control. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business combinations and are expensed as incurred.

Income Taxes — Income tax expense includes U.S., Pakistan and other international income taxes, and interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions. Certain income and expenses are not reported in tax returns and financial statements in the same year. The tax effect of such temporary differences is reported as deferred income taxes. Deferred tax assets are reported net of a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. All deferred income taxes are classified as long-term.

Short Term Investments —Investments – Debt and Equity Securities. Investments in marketable debt securities with maturities greater than three months but less than one year at the time of purchase and are classified based on management’s intent regarding these assets as available-for-sale securities. Debt securities that the Company may sell in response to liquidity needs or changes in interest rates are classified as available-for-sale. They are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from net income and recorded in other comprehensive income (OCI) within equity, net of applicable taxes. Realized gains and losses, along with other-than temporary impairments, are included in earnings and are determined using the specific identification method.

Our investments in marketable equity securities are measured at fair value with the related gains and losses, including unrealized, recognized in other income (loss).

Fair Value Measurements — ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, requires the disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate that value. The Company follows a fair value measurement hierarchy to measure financial instruments. The fair value of the Company’s financial instruments is measured using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy as follows:

Level 1 – inputs are based upon unadjusted quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2 – inputs are based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques (e.g. the Black-Scholes model) for which all significant inputs are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 – inputs are generally unobservable and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The fair values are therefore determined using model-based techniques, including option pricing models and discounted cash flow models.

These financial instruments are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances and include cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, borrowings under term loans and line of credit, and other payables. Due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments and that the borrowings bear interest at prevailing market rates, the carrying value approximates the fair value.

Stores and spares

Stores and spares are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is principally determined using the weighted-average method. The Company records adjustments to stores and spares for excess quantities, obsolescence or impairment when appropriate to reflect at net realizable value.

Periodic physical counts and stores and spares reviews are conducted to assess the condition and usability of stores and spares. Provisions are recorded for obsolete, slow-moving, or damaged items when necessary, and such provisions are charged to the statement of operations.

Accounts Receivable - net — Accounts receivable are stated at their net realizable value. Accounts receivable are presented on the consolidated balance sheet net of credit losses, which is established based on reviews of the accounts receivable aging, an assessment of the customer’s history and current creditworthiness, and the probability of collection. Accounts are written off when it is determined that collection of the outstanding balance is no longer probable.

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The guidance in ASU 2016-13 replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology under current U.S. GAAP. The new impairment model requires immediate recognition of estimated credit losses expected to occur for most financial assets and certain other instruments. It will apply to all entities. For trade receivables, loans, and held-to-maturity debt securities, entities will be required to estimate lifetime expected credit losses. This may result in the earlier recognition of credit losses. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-10, which delayed this standard’s effective date for SEC smaller reporting companies to the fiscal years interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2022. The Company adopted the new guidance on January 1, 2023 and the adoption of this new guidance had no material impact on the consolidated financial statements. As per the new guidance, accounts receivable are presented on the consolidated balance sheet net of an allowance for credit losses, which is established based on reviews of the accounts receivable aging, an assessment of the customer’s history and current creditworthiness, and the probability of collection. The Company routinely reviews its receivables and makes provisions for the credit losses utilizing the Current Expected Credit Losses model (“CECL”). The CECL model utilizes a lifetime expected credit loss measurement objective for the recognition of credit losses for loans and other receivables at the time the financial asset is originated or acquired. However, those provisions are estimates and actual results may materially differ from those estimates. Trade receivables are deemed uncollectible and are removed from accounts receivable and the allowance for credit losses when collection efforts have been exhausted.

Property, Plant, and Equipment — Tangible assets classified as property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any identified impairment loss. Additions are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any identified impairment loss. Cost in relation to self-constructed assets includes the direct cost of material, labor, and other allocable expenses.

Depreciation on owned assets is charged to the statement of profit or loss account on the straight-line method to write off the cost or revalued amount of an asset over its estimated useful life.

Depreciation on additions is charged from the month in which the assets are available for use while no depreciation is charged in the month in which the assets are disposed of.

The depreciation method, residual value, and useful lives of assets are reviewed at least at each financial year end and adjusted if the impact on depreciation is significant.

An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.

The gain or loss on disposal of an asset represented by the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset is recognized as income or expense.

Set-top boxes for digital signal and cable modems are acquired with Company funds and provided to customers for their use. These devices remain the property of the Company. Customers use these devices during the service period, and are required to return these devices to the Company upon termination of the services or disconnection of their subscription. The Company capitalizes these devices and charges depreciation over the life of these devices on a straight line basis.

Loans and advances — Loan and advances to employees are provided as per the Company’s policies and are secured against their gratuity.

The Company may provide cash advances to employees for business-related travel, or other reimbursable business-related expenses. Employee advances are measured at the amount disbursed to the employee, net of any repayments or adjustments. The Company does not charge interest on employee advances. If an advance is deemed to be uncollectible due to employee termination or other factors, an allowance for credit losses is established in accordance with ASC 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses. Any adjustments to the allowance or write-offs are recorded in “General and Administrative Expenses.”

Loans are carried at fair value through profit or loss and are initially recognized at fair value and transaction costs are expensed in the statement of profit or loss account. The fair value is determined using inputs observable in the market, which are classified as level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. They are considered a non-recurring fair value measurement and are measured at fair value. The fair value measurement considers market interest rates and the creditworthiness of the borrowers or other parties.

Advances to vendors are provided for the purchase of goods and services against the future supply of goods or services. These are part of routine business transactions and are adjusted once the corresponding goods are delivered or services rendered. Advances to vendors are initially recognized at the amount paid and are subsequently relieved when the related goods or services are received. These are secured either by a security deposit or a legally enforceable right to recover.

Advances to employees and officers were $503,604 and $512,164, and advances to suppliers were $3,921,827 and $4,147,958, as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Long term loans and other assets — Loans and other assets including deposits are provided to different parties and vendors which are recoverable either through a security deposit or a legally enforceable right.

These assets are carried at fair value through profit or loss and are initially recognized at fair value and transaction costs are expensed in the statement of profit or loss account. The fair value is determined using inputs observable in the market, which are classified as level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. They are considered a non-recurring fair value measurement and are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value measurement considers market interest rates and the creditworthiness of the borrowers or other parties.

Intangible Assets — Intangible assets, licenses, software and right of use assets, are subject to amortization and are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated period of benefit. The recoverability of intangible assets is evaluated periodically by taking into account events or circumstances that may warrant revised estimates of useful lives or that indicate the asset may be impaired.

Evaluation of Long-Lived Assets — The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. If the sum of undiscounted expected future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset group, the Company will recognize an impairment loss based on the fair value of the asset.

There was no impairment of internal-use software costs, intangible assets or property and equipment during the three or six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Leases - We account for lease arrangements in accordance with ASC 842, Leases. An arrangement is determined as a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, other current liabilities, and operating lease liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, other current liabilities, and other long-term liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term.

Earnings Per Share — The Company calculates earnings per share (EPS) in accordance with ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share.” Basic EPS is calculated by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts that are potentially dilutive were exercised or converted into common stock.

The Company presents both basic and diluted EPS on the face of the income statement. The Company also provides a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the EPS calculations in the footnotes to the financial statements, in case of any change occurred during the year.

Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding, adjusted for the effects of all dilutive, potential ordinary shares.

Foreign Currency Translation — The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated from their functional currency into U.S. dollars, the Company’s functional currency. All foreign currency assets and liabilities are translated at the period-end exchange rate, and all revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates. The effects of translating the financial statements of the foreign subsidiaries into U.S. dollars are reported as a cumulative translation adjustment, a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) in the consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains/losses are reported as a component of other income–net in the consolidated statements of operations. The US$/PKR exchange rates used for the translation of PKR-denominated assets and liabilities are Rs. 284.10 and Rs.278.85 as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Use of Estimates — The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions made by management include, but are not limited to, (1) impairment of long-lived assets, (2) depreciable lives of assets, (3) allowance for credit losses, (4) fair value of identifiable tangible and intangible assets, including determination of expected useful life, and (5) estimating lease terms and incremental borrowing rates. Actual results could significantly differ from those estimates.

Non-controlling Interest — The Company accounts for non-controlling interests in accordance with ASC 810 – Consolidation, presenting them as a separate component of equity in the consolidated balance sheets, with the non-controlling share of net income or loss shown separately in the statements of operations.

Segment Reporting — The Company operates as a single reportable segment in accordance with the FASB’s ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the Chief Executive Officer of the Company who reviews the business as a whole when evaluating financial performance and allocating resources and manages our segments, evaluates financial results, and makes key operating decisions.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements — From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB and are adopted by us as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, we believe that the impact of recently adopted and recently issued accounting pronouncements will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), to require disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation, as well as information on income taxes paid. The new requirements should be applied on a prospective basis with an option to apply them retrospectively. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative (“ASU 2023-06”). ASU 2023-06 was issued in response to the SEC’s final amendments in Release No. 33-10532, Disclosure Update and Simplification that updated and simplified disclosure requirements that the SEC believed were duplicative, overlapping, or outdated, and to align the requirements in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Codification”) with the SEC’s disclosure requirements. The effective date for each amendment in ASU 2023-06 will be the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited. If the SEC has not removed the applicable requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K by June 30, 2027, the pending content of the related amendment will be removed from the Codification and will not become effective for any entity. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-06 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 “Income Statement: Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)” to improve the disclosures about an entity’s expenses. Upon adoption, we will be required to disclose in the notes to the financial statements a disaggregation of certain expense categories included within the expense captions on the face of the income statement. The standard is effective for our 2027 annual period, and our interim periods beginning in 2028, with early adoption permitted. The standard can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We are currently assessing its effect on our financial statement disclosures at the time of adoption.