SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) |
6 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Jun. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash | Cash
For purposes of the Statement of Cash Flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity date of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
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| Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include the fair value of the Company’s stock, stock-based compensation and the valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
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| Net Loss per Common Share, basic and diluted |
The Company computes earnings (loss) per share under Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 260-10, Earnings Per Share (“ASC 260-10”). Net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share, if presented, would include the dilution that would occur upon the exercise or conversion of all potentially dilutive securities into Common Stock using the “treasury stock” and/or “if converted” methods as applicable.
At June 30, 2025, we would be obligated to issue 1,292,030 shares upon exercise of warrants, currently outstanding. Further, based on the market price of $0.103/share, we would have to issue approximately shares of Common Stock upon conversion of the convertible note (the “2021 Note”) based on $1,009,911 due in principal and accrued interest. The 2021 Note carries an interest rate of 10%, while the default rate is 18%. The note is convertible at the lower of (i) a fixed price of $0.08, or (ii) if the market price at the date of conversion is below $0.08, the conversion price will be reduced with 120% of the price difference. Finally, the Convertible Preferred Stock class is convertible into 217,148,195 shares of Common Stock. These issuable shares are not included in the earnings per share (“EPS”) as they would be considered anti-dilutive while the company produce losses.
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| Stock Based Compensation |
The Company measures the cost of services received from employees and non-employees in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award on the grant date, defined as the bid price at the market closing on the prior day, pursuant ASC 718. Stock-based compensation expense is recorded by the Company in the same expense classifications in the statements of operations, as if such amounts were paid in cash.
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| Income Taxes | Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or be settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion of the gross deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company records interest and penalties related to income taxes as a component of provision for income taxes. The Company did not recognize any interest and penalty expense for the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024.
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| Research and Development | Research and Development
The Company accounts for research and development costs in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 730-10, Research and Development (“ASC 730-10”). Under ASC 730-10, all research and development costs must be charged to expense as incurred. Accordingly, internal research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Third-party research and development costs are expensed when the contracted work has been performed or as milestone results have been achieved as defined under the applicable agreement. Company-sponsored research and development costs related to both present and future products are expensed in the period incurred. During the six months ended June 30, 2025 the Company incurred $452,000 in research and development expenses, while during the six months ended June 30, 2024 the Company incurred $27,000.
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| Intangibles – Goodwill and Other | Intangibles – Goodwill and Other
Valuation of intangibles are in accordance with ASC 350. Costs associated with the application and award of patents in the U.S. and various other countries are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the patents as determined at award date, which varies depending on the pendency period of the application, generally approximating seventeen years. Capitalized patent costs, also referred to as patent prosecution costs, include internal legal labor, professional legal fees, government filing fees and translation fees related to expanding the Company’s patent portfolio. Costs associated with the maintenance and annuity fees of patents are accounted for as prepaid assets at the time of payment and amortized over the shorter of the maintenance period or remaining life of the related patent.
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| Accrued Expenses | Accrued Expenses
As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate accrued expenses. This process involves identifying services that third parties have performed on our behalf and estimating the level of service performed and the associated cost incurred on these services as at each balance sheet date in our consolidated financial statements. Examples of estimated accrued expenses include professional service fees, such as those arising from the services of attorneys and accountants and accrued payroll expenses. In connection with these service fees, our estimates are most affected by our understanding of the status and timing of services provided relative to the actual services incurred by the service providers. In the event that we do not identify certain costs that have been incurred or we under- or over-estimate the level of services or costs of such services, our reported expenses for a reporting period could be understated or overstated. The date on which certain services commence, the level of services performed on or before a given date, and the cost of services are often subject to our judgment. We make these judgments based upon the facts and circumstances known to us in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S.
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| Reclassification | Reclassification
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on previously reported income or equity.
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| Convertible Debt | Convertible Debt
The Company accounts for convertible debt that does not meet the criteria for equity treatment in accordance with the guidance contained in ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. Accordingly, the Company elected to classify the convertible debt as a liability at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The Company classifies convertible debt based on the re-payment terms and conditions. Any discounts on the convertible debt and costs incurred upon issuance of the convertible debt are amortized to interest expense over the terms of the related convertible debt. Convertible debt is also analyzed for the existence of embedded derivatives, which may require bifurcation from the convertible debt and separate accounting treatment. Refer to Note 9 for information regarding convertible debt.
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| Embedded Derivatives | Embedded Derivatives
The Company accounts for embedded derivatives in accordance with ASC 815-15, which requires separation of certain derivative-like features embedded in host contracts (such as convertible debt) when:
The Company uses this method for calculations of Convertible debt with price-adjusted conversion features (e.g., reset provisions based on stock price declines) are bifurcated and measured at fair value through earnings, by applying a 100-step binomial lattice model incorporating stock price volatility, risk-free rates, and contractual adjustment terms.
Changes in fair value of bifurcated derivatives are recognized in earnings each reporting period.
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| Warrants | Warrants
The Company determines the accounting classification of warrants it issues as either liability or equity classified by first assessing whether the warrants meet liability classification in accordance with ASC 480-10, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity (“ASC 480”), then in accordance with ASC 815-40 (“ASC 815”), Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock. Under ASC 480, warrants are considered liability classified if the warrants are mandatorily redeemable, obligate the Company to settle the warrants or the underlying shares by paying cash or other assets, or warrants that must or may require settlement by issuing variable number of shares. If warrants do not meet liability classification under ASC 480, the Company assesses the requirements under ASC 815, which states that contracts that require or may require the issuer to settle the contract for cash are liabilities recorded at fair value, irrespective of the likelihood of the transaction occurring that triggers the net cash settlement feature. If the warrants do not require liability classification under ASC 815, and in order to conclude equity classification, the Company also assesses whether the warrants are indexed to its common stock and whether the warrants are classified as equity under ASC 815 or other applicable GAAP. After all relevant assessments, the Company concludes whether the warrants are classified as liability or equity. Liability classified warrants require fair value accounting at issuance and subsequent to initial issuance with all changes in fair value after the issuance date recorded in the statements of operations. Equity classified warrants only require fair value accounting at issuance with no changes recognized subsequent to the issuance date.
The fair value of warrants is determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using assumptions regarding volatility of our common share price, remaining life of the warrant, and risk-free interest rates at each period end.
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| Fair Value | Fair Value
Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825-10”) requires disclosure of the fair value of certain financial instruments. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and short-term borrowings, as reflected in the balance sheets, approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. All other significant financial assets, financial liabilities and equity instruments of the Company are either recognized or disclosed in the financial statements together with other information relevant for making a reasonable assessment of future cash flows, interest rate risk and credit risk. Where practicable the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities have been determined and disclosed; otherwise only available information pertinent to fair value has been disclosed.
The Company follows Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820-10”) and Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825-10”), which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value.
The valuation of shares issued under an exemption from registration, such as under Rule 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, typically relates to ASC 820 (Fair Value Measurement) under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). This accounting standard provides guidance on how to measure fair value when required for financial reporting purposes. Among other notable considerations the Company highlights;
When valuing shares in an exchange under Rule 3(a)(9), the conversion terms and the value of the securities being exchanged (debt, other equity, etc.) must be considered. If the company is offering a premium or discount as part of the exchange, this would impact the fair value measurement;
Based on Empirical Evidence and Studies, for restricted stock in public companies, the liquidity discount averages around 20%–30%, based on, but not limited to, the following data;
In accordance with the guidance of ASC 820 concerning for Lack of Registration Premium, shares that are restricted for six months under SEC Rule 144 generally see a 20%–30% discount on market price. The Company has opted for a 25% discount to the market price at the date of issuance based on the Company’s elevated volatility, and to the illiquidity of the large number of shares generally issued in these transactions.
In contrary, shares issued under the registration requirements of the Securities Act for the Compensatory Benefit Plan pursuant to Rule 701 of the Securities Act where ASC 718 (Compensation—Stock Compensation), are valued at market price at the grant date, based on the limited number of shares awarded, and its predictable repetitiveness. Under ASC 718, the grant date is typically the measurement date for share-based compensation, the Company has interpreted this as the closing bid price on the market on the day preceding the grant, or award. This is the date when both parties (employer and employee) have a mutual understanding of the terms of the award, and it is used to determine the fair value of the stock-based award for accounting purposes. The fair value measured at the grant date is not adjusted for subsequent changes in stock price.
Further, for derivatives under ASC 815, fair value is critical because these financial instruments (e.g., convertible note with a variable conversion rate) must be recorded at fair value on the balance sheet, with changes typically flowing through earnings. For the calculation of the derivative debt, the Company is using the Binomial Option Pricing model by Cox, Ross and Rubinstein.
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| Business Combinations | Business Combinations
The Company applies ASC 805, “Business Combinations”. ASC 805 requires recognition of assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and non-controlling interest in the acquired entity at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values as of that date. This ASC also requires the fair value of acquired in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) to be recorded as intangibles with indefinite lives, contingent consideration to be recorded on the acquisition date, and restructuring and acquisition-related deal costs to be expensed as incurred. Any excess of the fair value of net assets acquired over purchase price and any subsequent changes in estimated contingencies are to be recorded in earnings. In addition, changes in valuation allowance related to acquired deferred tax assets and in acquired income tax position are to be recognized in earnings. Further, ASC 805-50 addresses specific issues related to transactions involving entities under common control and acquisitions of assets rather than businesses. Common Control Transactions – Deals between entities under the same parent or controlling party are accounted for differently (e.g., book-value transfers) rather than fair value, as they are not considered arm’s-length.
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| Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements
There were various updates recently issued, most of which represented technical corrections to the accounting literature or application to specific industries and are not expected to a have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. |
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