v3.25.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) as contained within the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

Our financial statements, and the financial statements of our Operating Partnership, including its wholly-owned subsidiaries, are consolidated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The portion of these consolidated entities not wholly-owned by us is presented as noncontrolling interests. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Consolidation Considerations

Consolidation Considerations

Current accounting guidance provides a framework for identifying a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and determining when a company should include the assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests, and results of activities of a VIE in its consolidated financial statements. In general, a VIE is an entity or other legal structure used to conduct activities or hold assets that either (1) has an insufficient amount of equity to carry out its principal activities without additional subordinated financial support, (2) has a group of equity owners that are unable to make significant decisions about its activities, or (3) has a group of equity owners that do not have the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive returns generated by its operations. Generally, a VIE should be consolidated if a party with an ownership, contractual, or other financial interest in the VIE (a variable interest holder) has the power to direct the VIE’s most significant activities and the obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits of the VIE that could be significant to the VIE. A variable interest holder that consolidates the VIE is called the primary beneficiary. Upon consolidation, the primary beneficiary generally must initially record all of the VIE’s assets, liabilities, and noncontrolling interest at fair value and subsequently account for the VIE as if it were consolidated based on majority voting interest. Our Operating Partnership is deemed to be a VIE and is consolidated by the Company as the primary beneficiary. As of June 30, 2025, we had not entered into other contracts/interests that would be deemed to be variable interests in a VIE.

Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Entities

Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Entities

We account for the noncontrolling interest in our Operating Partnership in accordance with the related accounting guidance. Due to our control through our general partnership interest in our Operating Partnership and the limited rights of the limited partners, our Operating Partnership, including its wholly-owned subsidiaries, is consolidated by the Company and the limited partner interest is reflected as a noncontrolling interest in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The noncontrolling interest shall be attributed its share of income and losses, even if that attribution results in a deficit noncontrolling interest balance.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The current economic environment has increased the degree of uncertainty inherent in these estimates and assumptions. Management will adjust such estimates when facts and circumstances dictate. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. The most significant estimates made include the allocation of property purchase price to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at relative fair value, the determination if certain entities should be consolidated, the evaluation of potential impairment of long-lived assets, and the estimated useful lives of real estate assets and intangibles.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider all short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash with a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents.

We may maintain cash and cash equivalents in financial institutions in excess of insured limits, but believe this risk will be mitigated by only investing in or through major financial institutions.

Restricted Cash

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists primarily of impound reserve accounts for property taxes, insurance, and capital improvements in connection with the requirements of certain of our loan agreements.

Real Estate Purchase Price Allocation

Real Estate Purchase Price Allocation

We account for acquisitions in accordance with GAAP which requires that we allocate the purchase price of a property to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their relative fair values. This guidance requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions, including fair value estimates, which requires the use of significant unobservable inputs as of the acquisition date.

The value of the tangible assets, consisting of land and buildings, is determined as if vacant. Substantially all of the leases in place at acquired properties are at market rates, as the majority of the leases are one year or less. We also consider whether in-place, market leases represent an intangible asset. We do not expect to have intangible assets for the value of tenant relationships.

Acquisitions of portfolios of properties are allocated to the individual properties based upon an income approach or a cash flow analysis using appropriate risk adjusted capitalization rates which take into account the relative size, age, and location of the individual property along with current and projected occupancy and rental rate levels or appraised values, if available.

Acquisitions of integrated sets of assets and activities that do not meet the definition of a business, as defined under current GAAP, are accounted for as asset acquisitions. Accordingly, once an acquisition is deemed probable, transaction costs are capitalized rather than expensed.

During the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, we did not acquire any properties or incur any acquisition-related transaction costs.

Real Estate Held for Sale

Real Estate Held for Sale

We consider real estate to be “held for sale” when the following criteria are met: (i) management commits to a plan to sell the property, (ii) the property is available for sale immediately, (iii) the property is actively being marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value, (iv) the sale of the property within one year is considered probable and (v) significant changes to the plan to sell are not expected. Real estate that is held for sale and its related debt are classified as “real estate held for sale” and “debt related to real estate held for sale,” respectively, in the period when all criteria are met in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Real estate classified as held for sale is no longer depreciated and is reported at the lower of its carrying value or its estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell. Operating results and related gains (losses) on sale of properties that were disposed of or classified as held for sale in the ordinary course of business are included in continuing operations on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations, consistent with current accounting guidance. In June 2024, we concluded that the Fayetteville Property qualified as discontinued operations as the property met the criteria of held for sale, and the disposal represented a strategic shift in our business as we no longer own or operate student housing properties. As a result, certain items were reclassified as part of discontinued operations for all periods presented. On July 31, 2024, we sold the Fayetteville Property, which was our sole remaining student housing property.

Evaluation of Possible Impairment of Long-lived Assets

Evaluation of Possible Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Management monitors events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of our long-lived assets, may not be recoverable. When indicators of potential impairment are present that indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be recoverable, we will assess the recoverability of the assets by determining whether the carrying value of the long-lived assets will be recovered through the undiscounted future operating cash flows expected from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. In the event that such expected undiscounted future cash flows do not exceed

the carrying value, we will adjust the value of the long-lived assets to the fair value and recognize an impairment loss. During the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, no impairment losses were recognized.

Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable

Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable

Prior to its sale, our student housing property was typically leased by the bed with fixed terms on an individual lease basis, often with parental guarantees. Substantially all of our leases coincided with the university’s academic year but generally commenced in August and terminated in July. We billed residents on a monthly basis, which was generally due at the beginning of the month. Residents had access to their units along with the property’s amenities (i.e. study rooms, exercise facilities, common areas, etc.). The units were generally fully equipped (i.e., kitchen facilities, washer/dryer, etc.). We did not provide any food or other similar services.

Our senior housing properties are generally leased by the unit, pursuant to a resident lease agreement with fixed terms. Such agreements generally have an initial term of no more than 12 months, but are cancellable with 30 days’ notice. Included in the base monthly lease fee are standard items (i.e., living accommodations, food services, activity programs, concierge services, care services, etc.). We bill on a monthly basis, which is generally due at the beginning of the month.

Additionally, at our senior housing properties our managers provide certain ancillary services to residents that are not contemplated in the lease agreement with each resident (primarily community fees and to a lesser extent guest meals, etc.). These services are provided and paid for in addition to the standard items included in each resident lease. Such items are billed on a monthly basis and are generally due at the beginning of the month.

The majority of our revenues are derived from lease and lease related revenues, and the majority of such revenue is not subject to the revenue recognition guidance (“ASC Topic 606”) under GAAP. The revenues derived from our leases are accounted for pursuant to ASC Topic 842.

Additionally, we have elected to adopt a practical expedient not to separate lease and nonlease components, which can only be applied to leasing arrangements for which (i) the timing and pattern of transfer are the same for the lease and nonlease components and (ii) the lease component, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease. Under this practical expedient, contracts that are predominantly lease-based would be accounted for under ASC Topic 842, and contracts that are predominantly service-based would be accounted for under ASC Topic 606. Lease and nonlease revenue components that are accounted for within the scope of ASC Topic 842 are:

Student leasing revenues recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract. Other lease related revenues recognized in the period earned.
Senior leasing revenues are recorded monthly pursuant to the agreements with our residents. The majority of such revenue is attributable to the portion of the base monthly lease fee related to the non-service component of the lease. The service component of the base monthly lease fee is also recognized pursuant to ASC Topic 842 as they are not the predominate component, the service timing and pattern of the service components are the same as the lease component, and the lease component, if separately accounted for, would be classified as an operating lease.

Our revenues that are within the scope of ASC Topic 606 are:

The revenue from the ancillary services provided at our senior housing properties are recognized monthly as the performance obligation related to those services is completed. For each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, revenues totaling approximately $0.1 million, are included in “Leasing and related revenues” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, revenues totaling approximately $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, are included in “Leasing and related revenues” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

If we determine that a receivable is not probable of being substantially collected, we adjust the amount of leasing and related revenues recorded related to such tenant and recognize future revenues for such tenant on a cash basis.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Tenant accounts receivable is reported net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets in other assets. Management records this general reserve estimate based upon a review of the current status of accounts receivable. It is reasonably possible that management’s estimate of the allowance will change in the future. As of both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, approximately $60,000 was recorded to allowance for doubtful accounts.

Advertising Costs

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs from continuing operations are included in property operating expenses and advertising costs from discontinued operations are included in discontinued operations, in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. These costs are expensed in the period in which the cost is incurred. The Company incurred advertising costs of approximately $0.5 million and $0.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively.

Real Estate Properties

Real Estate Properties

Real estate properties are recorded based upon relative fair values as of the date of acquisition. We capitalize costs incurred to renovate and improve properties, including interest and property taxes incurred during the construction period. The construction period begins when expenditures incurred to renovate and improve properties, have been made and activities that are necessary to prepare the asset for its intended use are in progress. The construction period ends when the asset is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. The costs of ordinary repairs and maintenance are charged to operations when incurred.

Depreciation of Real Property Assets

Depreciation of Real Property Assets

Our management is required to make subjective assessments as to the useful lives of our depreciable assets. We consider the period of future benefit of the asset to determine the appropriate useful lives.

Depreciation of our real property assets is charged to expense on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives as follows:

 

Description

 

Standard Depreciable
Life

Land

 

Not Depreciated

Buildings

 

40 years

Site Improvements

 

7 to 10 years

 

Depreciation of Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment

Depreciation of Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment

Furniture, fixtures and equipment are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives generally ranging from 3 to 7 years.

Debt Issuance Costs

Debt Issuance Costs

The net carrying value of costs incurred in connection with obtaining non-revolving financing are presented on the consolidated balance sheets as a deduction from the related debt and such amounts included in debt totaled approximately $410,000 as of June 30, 2025 and $480,000 as of December 31, 2024. Debt issuance costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the related loan, which is not materially different than the effective interest method. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the amounts expensed are included in “Interest expense - debt issuance costs” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Organization and Offering Costs

Organization and Offering Costs

Our Advisor funded certain organization and offering costs on our behalf. We are required to reimburse our Advisor for such organization and offering costs pursuant to our Advisory Agreement.

Please see Note 9 – Related Party Transactions for additional details about such organization and offering costs.

Redeemable Common Stock

Redeemable Common Stock

In connection with the Private Offering, we adopted a share redemption program (the “Private Offering Share Redemption Program”) that enabled stockholders to sell their shares to us in limited circumstances, and in connection with the Public Offering, we amended the Private Offering Share Redemption Program (the “Share Redemption Program”). On March 30, 2020, our board of directors approved the suspension of our Share Redemption Program. Please see Note 10 – Commitments and Contingencies – Share Redemption Program for additional details.

In general, we record amounts that are redeemable under the Share Redemption Program as redeemable common stock in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets since the shares are redeemable at the option of the holder and therefore their redemption is outside our control. The maximum amount redeemable under the Share Redemption Program will be limited to the number of shares we could repurchase with the amount of the net proceeds from the sale of shares under the Distribution Reinvestment Plan. However, accounting guidance states that determinable amounts that can become redeemable should be presented as redeemable when such amount is known. Therefore, the net proceeds from the Distribution Reinvestment Plan are considered to be temporary equity and are presented as redeemable common stock in our consolidated balance sheets. In addition, current accounting guidance requires, among other things, that financial instruments that represent a mandatory obligation of us to repurchase shares be classified as liabilities and reported at settlement value. Our redeemable common stock is contingently redeemable at the option of the holder. When we determine we have a mandatory obligation to repurchase shares under the Share Redemption Program, we reclassify such obligations from temporary equity to a liability based upon their respective settlement values.

Accounting for Equity Awards

Accounting for Equity Awards

The cost of restricted stock is required to be measured based on the grant date fair value, the cost is recognized over the relevant service period, and we have elected to record forfeitures as they occur.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

The accounting standard for fair value measurements and disclosures defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and provides for expanded disclosure about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined by the accounting standard for fair value measurements and disclosures as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. It also establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value into three levels. The following summarizes the three levels of inputs and hierarchy of fair value we use when measuring fair value:

Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access;
Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, as well as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals; and
Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the assets or liabilities that are typically based on an entity’s own assumptions as there is little, if any, related market activity.

In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the fair value measurement will fall within the lowest level that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

The accounting guidance for fair value measurements and disclosures provides a framework for measuring fair value and establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. In determining fair value, we will utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as consider counterparty credit risk in our assessment of fair value. Considerable judgment will be necessary to interpret Level 2 and 3 inputs in determining fair value of our financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the fair values we will present will be indicative of amounts that may ultimately be realized upon sale or other disposition of these assets.

Financial and non-financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis in our consolidated financial statements consist of real estate and related liabilities assumed related to our acquisitions. The fair values of these assets and liabilities were determined as of the acquisition dates using widely accepted valuation techniques, including (i) discounted cash flow analysis, which considers, among other things, leasing assumptions, growth rates, discount rates and terminal capitalization rates, (ii) income capitalization approach, which considers prevailing market capitalization rates, and (iii) comparable sales activity. In general, we consider multiple valuation techniques when measuring fair values. However, in certain circumstances, a single valuation technique may be appropriate. All of the fair values of the assets and liabilities as of the acquisition dates were derived using Level 3 inputs.

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, other assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, distributions payable and amounts due to affiliates approximate fair value because of the relatively short-term nature of these instruments (categorized as level 1 within the Fair Value hierarchy).

The table below summarizes the carrying amounts and fair values of fixed rate debt instruments that are not carried at fair value as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The estimated fair value of financial instruments is subjective in nature and is dependent on a number of important assumptions, including discount rates and relevant comparable market information associated with each financial instrument. The fair value of our fixed and variable rate debt was estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities (categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy). The use of different market assumptions and estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the reported estimated fair value amounts. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we did not have any variable rate debt.

 

 

 

June 30, 2025

 

 

December 31, 2024

 

 

 

Fair
Value

 

 

Carrying
Value

 

 

Fair
Value

 

 

Carrying
Value

 

Fixed Rate Secured Debt

 

$

101,700,000

 

 

$

103,676,181

 

 

$

100,500,000

 

 

$

104,596,224

 

 

As of June 30, 2024, we held an interest rate cash flow hedge to hedge our interest rate exposure (See Note 6 – Derivative Instruments). The valuation of this instrument was determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of the derivative. The analyses reflect the contractual terms of the derivative, including the period to maturity, and used observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves, foreign exchange rates and implied volatilities, as applicable. The fair value of the interest rate cap agreement was determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash payments.

To comply with GAAP, we incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of derivative contract for the effect of non-performance risk, we consider the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees.

Although we had determined that the majority of the inputs used to value our derivative was within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our derivatives utilized Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads, to evaluate the likelihood of default by us and our counterparties. However, through June 30, 2024, we had assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustment on the overall valuation of our derivative position and determined that the credit valuation adjustment was not significant to the overall valuation of our derivative. As a result, we determined that our derivatives valuation in its entirety was classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

The table below presents the Company's assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2024, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the measurement falls:

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using

 

Description

 

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)

 

 

Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)

 

 

Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

 

Other assets related to real estate held for sale, net

 

$

-

 

 

$

218,716

 

 

$

-

 

 

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

We record all derivatives on our balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether we have elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. We may enter into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain of our risks, even though hedge accounting does not apply or we elect not to apply hedge accounting.

Interest rate derivatives not designated as hedges for GAAP are not speculative and are used to manage our exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks but we have elected not to apply hedge accounting. Changes in the fair value of interest rate derivatives not designated in hedging relationships are recorded in derivative fair value adjustment within our consolidated statements of operations - discontinued operations.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

We made an election to be taxed as a Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”), under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2017. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to currently distribute at least 90% of the REIT’s ordinary taxable income to stockholders. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax on taxable income that we distribute to our stockholders, other than taxable income earned by our TRS. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will then be subject to federal income taxes on our taxable income at regular corporate rates and will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for four years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the IRS grants us relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect our net income and net cash available for distribution to stockholders. However, we believe that we are organized and operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT and intend to operate in the foreseeable future in such a manner that we will remain qualified as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.

Even if we continue to qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain state and local taxes on our income and property, and federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income.

We filed an election to treat our TRS as a taxable REIT subsidiary. In general, the TRS performs additional services for our residents and generally engages in any real estate or non-real estate related business. We also utilize our TRS in connection with any structuring of our senior housing properties under the REIT Investment Diversification and Empowerment Act of 2007 (“RIDEA”). Under the RIDEA structure, the senior housing properties that we own are leased by a property owning entity to a subsidiary of our TRS. That TRS subsidiary then directly engages an “eligible independent contractor” to manage and operate the property. Currently, all of our senior housing properties utilize the RIDEA structure.

The TRS is subject to corporate federal and state income tax.

We account for deferred income taxes using the asset and liability method and recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have included in our financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse.

Any increase or decrease in the deferred tax liability that results from a change in circumstances, and that causes a change in our judgment about expected future tax consequences of events, is included in the tax provision when such changes occur. Deferred income taxes also reflect the impact of operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance is provided if we believe it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Any increase or decrease in the valuation allowance asset, is included in the tax provision when such changes occur.

The major sources of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax effects are shown below:

 

 

 

June 30,
2025

 

 

December 31,
2024

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation timing differences

 

$

(90,332

)

 

$

(74,197

)

Other

 

 

(47,036

)

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liability

 

 

(137,368

)

 

 

(74,197

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred tax assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net operating loss carryovers

 

 

7,363,318

 

 

 

6,826,688

 

Other

 

 

172,801

 

 

 

278,136

 

Total deferred tax assets

 

 

7,536,119

 

 

 

7,104,824

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Valuation allowance (1)

 

 

(7,398,751

)

 

 

(7,030,627

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net deferred tax assets

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

(1)
Full valuation allowance was applied as the recoverability of such net deferred tax assets was less than more likely than not.

The Company had consolidated pretax net loss from continuing operations of approximately $0.7 million, and $1.7 million for the quarters ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, with an effective tax rate of 0% for both periods. The primary difference in the Company’s effective tax rate and statutory rate is generally attributable to the non-taxable REIT income and the full valuation allowance.

As of June 30, 2025, the gross federal net operating losses are approximately $28.6 million. The gross state net operating losses are approximately $39.2 million. The federal net operating losses may be carried forward indefinitely. The state net operating losses expire between 2033 and 2038. The tax years 2021 through 2024 remain open for the federal and state returns.

Uncertain tax positions may arise where tax laws may allow for alternative interpretations or where the timing of recognition of income is subject to judgment. Under ASC Topic 740, tax positions are evaluated for recognition using a more-likely-than-not threshold and those tax positions requiring recognition are measured at the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. Interest and penalties relating to uncertain tax positions will be recognized in income tax expense when incurred. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no uncertain tax positions, and the Company had no interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions.

Concentration

Concentration

No single senior resident represents a significant concentration of our revenues. For the month of June 2025, approximately 54% and 46% of our rental income was concentrated in Oregon and Utah, respectively
Preferred Equity in our Operating Partnership

We classify our Preferred Units (as defined in Note 7 – Preferred Equity in our Operating Partnership) on our consolidated balance sheets using the guidance in ASC 480 10 S99. The Preferred Units are redeemable by our Operating Partnership, in whole or in part, at the option of our Operating Partnership at any time. Additionally, the holder can elect to redeem if any of the following events outside our control occur: (i) change of control; (ii) a breach of protective provisions; (iii) upon the occurrence of monetary and other material defaults under secured property debt; and (iv) if we do not maintain our REIT status. As the shares are contingently redeemable, and under certain circumstances not solely within our control, we have classified our Preferred Stock as temporary equity.

Per Share Data

Per Share Data

Basic earnings per share attributable to our common stockholders for all periods presented are computed by dividing net loss attributable to our common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period, excluding unvested restricted stock. Diluted earnings per share is computed by including the dilutive effect of unvested restricted stock, utilizing the treasury stock method. The dilutive effect of unvested restricted stock was not included in the diluted weighted average shares for each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024, as such shares were antidilutive. Such unvested shares totaled approximately 6,250 for each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024.

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (Topic 220).” The guidance in ASU 2024-03 was issued to provide investors with more disaggregated information about an entity’s expenses. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01 for the sole purpose of clarifying the effective date of ASU 2024-03. The amendment becomes effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. We are currently evaluating the impact upon adoption of the new standard on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Segment Reporting

Segment Reporting

After the sale of the Fayetteville Property, our real estate portfolio is comprised of one reportable segment: senior housing. Please see Note 8 – Segment Disclosures for additional detail.