Goodwill. Assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination are recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price of the acquisition over the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill.


	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,007,656	$	1,007,656	$	1,007,656	$	1,005,868
Goodwill resulting from business combinations	0		0		0		1,788
Balance at end of period	$	1,007,656	$	1,007,656	$	1,007,656	$	1,007,656

In the first quarter of 2024, First Financial recorded $1.8 million of goodwill related to the acquisition of Agile Premium Finance. Agile specializes in lending to commercial customers to finance insurance premiums. These loans are generally secured by the unearned premiums on the underlying insurance policies and are typically short in duration. This acquisition is consistent with First Financial's approach of adding niche financial services to its line-up of core banking services and will complement First Financial's existing specialty lending business. The measurement period for recording adjustments to the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired in the Agile acquisition ended in February 2025.

Goodwill is evaluated for impairment on an annual basis as of October 1 of each year, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit may be below its carrying value. First Financial performed its most recent annual impairment test as of October 1, 2024 and no impairment was indicated. As of June 30, 2025, no events or changes in circumstances indicated that the fair value of the reporting unit was below its carrying value.

Other intangible assets. Other intangible assets consist primarily of core deposit intangibles, customer lists, mortgage servicing rights and other miscellaneous intangibles, such as purchase commissions, non-compete agreements and trade name intangibles.

Core deposit intangibles represent the estimated fair value of acquired customer deposit relationships on the date of acquisition and are amortized on an accelerated basis over their estimated useful lives. First Financial's core deposit intangibles have an estimated remaining life of 2.8 years.

First Financial recorded a customer list intangible asset in conjunction with the Agile, Summit and Bannockburn acquisitions to account for the obligation or advantage on the part of either the Company or customers to continue pre-existing relationships subsequent to the merger. These customer list intangibles are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated used lives. The Agile customer list was $2.4 million at June 30, 2025 and $2.5 million at December 31, 2024, and is being amortized over an estimated remaining life of 11.7 years. The Summit customer list was $21.4 million and $22.6 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and is being amortized over an estimated remaining life of 8.5 years. The Bannockburn customer list was $18.5 million and $20.3 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and is being amortized over an estimated remaining life of 5.2 years.

Mortgage servicing rights represent the value of servicing fees First Financial expects to receive from the servicing responsibilities it retains when selling fixed and adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans. In those sales, First Financial retains servicing responsibilities and provides certain standard representations and warranties; however, the investors have no recourse to the Company’s other assets for failure of debtors to pay when due. First Financial receives servicing fees based on a percentage of the outstanding balance. When First Financial sells mortgage loans with servicing rights retained, these servicing rights are initially recorded at estimated fair value. First Financial has selected the “amortization method” as permissible within GAAP, whereby the servicing rights capitalized are amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated future servicing income with respect to the underlying loan. At the end of each reporting period, the carrying value of MSRs is assessed for impairment with a comparison to fair value. MSRs are carried at the lower of their amortized cost or fair value. The amortization of MSRs is included within other noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Amortization expense recognized on other intangible assets for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024 was $3.4 million and $3.3 million, which includes MSR amortization of $1.1 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Amortization expense recognized on other intangible assets for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024 was $6.6 million and $6.4 million, which includes MSR amortization of $1.9 million and $1.7 million, respectively.


(Dollars in thousands)	June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
	Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization
Core deposit intangibles	$	41,750	$	(33,755)	$	41,750	$	(32,302)
Customer lists	72,278		(29,975)		72,278		(26,822)
Other	9,269		(3,485)		9,381		(3,416)
Mortgage servicing rights	29,241		(9,865)		27,217		(8,795)
Total	$	152,538	$	(77,080)	$	150,626	$	(71,335)