v3.25.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to Article 10 of Regulation S‑X of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. These unaudited condensed financial statements include only normal and recurring adjustments that the Company believes are necessary to fairly state the Company’s financial position and the results of its operations and cash flows. Interim-period results are not necessarily indicative of results of operations or cash flows for a full year or any subsequent interim period. The condensed balance sheet as of December 31, 2024 has been derived from the audited financial statements as of that date but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. Because all of the disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements are not included herein, these unaudited condensed financial statements and the notes accompanying them should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 filed on March 6, 2025 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Reverse Stock Split

On June 16, 2025, the Company effected a 1-for-8 reverse stock split of the Company’s shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, pursuant to an amendment of the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation approved by the Company’s stockholders at the annual meeting on May 29, 2025 (“2025 Annual Meeting”). All share and per-share data in the accompanying condensed financial statements and related notes have been retroactively adjusted to account for the reverse stock split for all periods presented. Proportionate adjustments have been made to the number of shares of common stock underlying our outstanding equity awards and pre-funded warrants, the number of shares issuable under our equity incentive plans, and other existing agreements, as well as the corresponding exercise price of outstanding equity awards and pre-funded warrants to purchase common stock. The reverse stock split did not affect the par value of the common stock.

Segments

Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s CODM is its chief executive officer, Brian Wong, M.D., Ph.D. Based on the information used by the CODM to allocate resources, the Company has determined it operates in one segment.

The CODM assesses performance for the Company’s operating segment and decides how to allocate resources based on the Company’s cash runway and net loss that also is reported on the statements of operations and comprehensive loss as net loss. Net loss is used to monitor budget versus actual results. The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheets as total assets. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, all of the Company’s property and equipment was maintained in the United States.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company determines employee, nonemployee and director stock-based compensation expense for all stock-based awards based on their grant date fair value using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. For stock-based awards with service conditions only, stock-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period using the straight-line method. Forfeitures are recognized as they occur.

The fair value of restricted stock awards granted is determined based on the stock price on the date of grant. The estimated fair value is amortized as compensation expense over the service period of the award.

Net Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and the weighted average number of pre-funded warrants outstanding, without consideration of potential dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares and weighted average number of outstanding pre-funded warrants to purchase common stock plus the number of potential dilutive securities outstanding during the period calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method. Diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share since the effect of potentially dilutive securities is anti-dilutive. The pre-funded warrants are included in the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share as the exercise price of $0.008 per share is non-substantive and the shares are issuable for little or no consideration.

Marketable Securities

Marketable securities primarily consist of commercial paper, corporate debt securities and U.S. government agency securities. The Company has classified its marketable securities as available-for-sale and may sell these securities prior to their stated maturities. The Company views these marketable securities as available to support current operations and classifies marketable securities with maturities beyond 12 months as current assets. The Company’s marketable securities are carried at estimated fair value, which is derived from independent pricing sources based on quoted prices in active markets for similar securities. Unrealized gains and losses are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The cost of marketable securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity, which is included in other income, net on the condensed statements of operations.

All of the Company's available-for-sale investments are subject to periodic impairment review. For each available-for-sale investment whose fair value is below its amortized cost, the Company determines if the impairment is a result of a credit-related loss or other factors using both quantitative and qualitative factors, including the length of time and extent to which the market value has been less than amortized cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer and the Company’s intent and ability to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value. If the impairment is a result of a credit-related loss, the Company recognizes an allowance for credit losses. If the impairment is not a result of a credit loss, the Company recognizes the loss in other comprehensive loss.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of these assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of each asset to the future undiscounted cash flows the asset is expected to generate over its remaining life. If the asset is considered to be impaired, the amount of any impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the impaired asset. To date, there have been no such impairment losses.

Leases

At inception of a contract, the Company determines whether an arrangement is or contains a lease. For all leases, the Company determines the classification as either operating leases or financing leases. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities in the Company’s condensed balance sheets.

Lease recognition occurs at the commencement date and lease liability amounts are based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The lease term may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. The Company uses an implicit rate when readily available, or its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at lease commencement date, in determining the present value of lease payments. ROU assets represent our right to use underlying assets for the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments under the lease. ROU assets also include any lease payments made prior to the commencement date and exclude lease incentives received. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease agreements with both lease and nonlease components are generally accounted for together as a single lease component.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date.

In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU No. 2023-07”), which provides updates to qualitative and quantitative reportable segment disclosure requirements, including enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and increased interim disclosure requirements, among others. ASU No. 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The amendments in this ASU should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company retrospectively adopted ASU 2023-07 on January 1, 2024 and adopted it for its interim reporting starting with the quarter ended March 31, 2025. The adoption of ASU 2023-07 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (“ASU No. 2024-03”). In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, "Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40), clarifying the effective date of ASU 2024-03. The two standards require disaggregated disclosures of certain categories of expenses in the notes to the financial statements that are included in expense line items on the face of the income statement in annual and interim periods. The standards are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU No. 2023-09”), which requires disclosure of disaggregated income taxes paid, prescribes standard categories for the components of the effective tax rate reconciliation and modifies other income tax-related disclosures. ASU No. 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and allows for adoption on a prospective basis, with a retrospective option. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on the income tax disclosures within the financial statements.