Basis of Presentation

These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

During the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company revised the presentation of certain items within its condensed consolidated statement of operations. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These changes have been applied retrospectively to all periods presented and did not impact previously reported net income or earnings per share.

Specifically:

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and a variable interest entity (“VIE”). All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.

In accordance with the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, Consolidation, the Company consolidates any VIE of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The typical condition for a controlling financial interest ownership is holding a majority of the voting interests of an entity; however, a controlling financial interest may also exist in entities, such as VIEs, through arrangements that do not involve controlling voting interests. ASC 810 requires a variable interest holder to consolidate a VIE if that party has the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company does not consolidate a VIE in which it has a majority ownership interest when it is not considered the primary beneficiary. The Company evaluates its relationships with its VIEs on an ongoing basis to ensure that the Company continues to be the primary beneficiary. The Company is considered the primary beneficiary of Dave OD Funding I, LLC (“Dave OD”), as it has the power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Dave OD and has the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant, in accordance with accounting guidance. As a result, the Company consolidated Dave OD and all intercompany accounts have been eliminated. The carrying value of Dave OD’s assets and liabilities, after elimination of any intercompany transactions and balances are shown in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The assets of Dave OD are restricted and may only be used to settle obligations of Dave OD.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported revenues and expenses incurred during the reporting periods. The Company’s estimates are based on its historical experience and various other factors that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The Company’s critical accounting estimates and assumptions are evaluated on an ongoing basis including those related to the:

(i) Allowance for credit losses; and

(ii) Income taxes.

Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Revenue Recognition

Service Based Revenue, Net

Service based revenue, net primarily consists of optional processing fees, optional tips, service fees and subscriptions charged to Members, net of processor costs associated with ExtraCash originations. ExtraCash receivables are treated as financial receivables under ASC 310 Receivables (“ASC 310”) and processing and service fees, net and tips are also accounted for in accordance with ASC 310.

Processing and Service Fees, Net:

Processing and service fees apply in connection with a Member’s use of ExtraCash. The Company's new fee model, rolled out to all Members in February 2025, is a mandatory overdraft service fee. At the Member’s election, the Company may expedite for a fee the funding of ExtraCash funds to an external debit card. These fees are considered non-refundable loan origination fees and are recognized as revenue over the average expected contractual term of the related ExtraCash transactions.

Costs incurred by the Company to originate ExtraCash are treated as direct loan origination costs. These direct loan origination costs are netted against ExtraCash-related income over the average expected contractual term of an ExtraCash. Direct origination costs recognized as a reduction of ExtraCash-related income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 were $1.4 million and $2.5 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company recognized direct origination costs as a reduction of ExtraCash-related income of $0.8 million and $1.5 million, respectively.

Tips:

Prior to the second quarter of 2025, the Company encouraged, but did not contractually require, its Members who receive ExtraCash to leave a discretionary tip. For accounting purposes, tips are treated as an adjustment of yield to ExtraCash and are recognized over the average expected contractual term of its ExtraCash receivables. The Company discontinued optional tips from its business model in February 2025.

Subscriptions:

The Company accounts for subscriptions in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). Under ASC 606, the Company must identify the contract with a Member, identify the performance obligations in the contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligations. For revenue sources that are within the scope of Topic 606, the Company fully satisfies its performance obligations and recognizes revenue in the period it is earned as services are rendered. Transaction prices are typically fixed, charged on a periodic basis or based on activity. Because performance obligations are satisfied as services are rendered and the transaction prices are fixed, there is little judgment involved in applying ASC 606 that significantly affects the determination of the amount and timing of revenue from contracts with the Company’s Members.

Subscription fees are received on a monthly basis from Members who subscribe to the Company’s application. The Company continually fulfills its obligation to each Member over the subscription term. The series of distinct services represents a single performance obligation that is satisfied over time. The Company recognizes revenue ratably as the Member receives and consumes the benefits of the platform throughout the monthly contract period.

Price concessions granted to Members who have insufficient funds when subscription fees are due and not collected are forms of variable consideration under the Company’s contracts with Members. For price concessions, the Company has elected, as an

accounting policy, to account for price concessions for the month at the end of the reporting month based on the actual amounts collected from Members.

Other service based revenue consists of lead generation fees from the Company’s Side Hustle advertising partners and revenue share from the Company's Surveys partners.

Transaction Based Revenue, Net

Transaction based revenue, net primarily consists of interchange and ATM revenues from the Company’s Checking Product, net of certain interchange and ATM-related fees, fees earned from funding and withdrawal-related transactions, volume support from a certain co-branded agreement, fees earned related to the Rewards Product for Members who make debit card spending transactions at participating merchants and deposit referrals and are recognized at the point in time the transactions occur, as the performance obligations are satisfied and the variable consideration is not constrained. The Company earns interchange fees from Members spend on Dave-branded debit cards, which are reduced by interchange-related costs payable to fulfillment partners. Interchange revenue is remitted by merchants and represents a percentage of the underlying transaction value processed through a payment network. ATM fees earned from Members' usage of out-of-network ATMs reduced by related ATM transaction costs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 were $0.7 million and $1.5 million, respectively. ATM-related fees recognized as a reduction of transaction based revenue during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 were $0.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively. ATM fees earned from Members' usage of out-of-network ATMs reduced by related ATM transaction costs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 were $0.8 million and $1.6 million, respectively. ATM-related fees recognized as a reduction of transaction based revenue during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 were $0.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively.

Processing and Servicing Costs

Processing and servicing costs consist of amounts paid to third party processors for the recovery of ExtraCash, tips, processing fees, service fees and subscriptions. These expenses also include fees paid for services to connect Member’s bank accounts to the Company’s application. Except for processing and servicing costs associated with ExtraCash originations, which are recorded net against processing and service fee revenue, all other processing and servicing costs are expensed as incurred.

Financial Network and Transaction costs

Financial Network and Transaction costs consist of program management fees, card network association fees, payment processing costs, losses related to Member-disputed transactions, bank card fees and fraud-related losses. All other financial network and transaction costs are expensed as incurred.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company classifies all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less as cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash primarily represents cash held at financial institutions that is pledged as collateral for specific accounts that may become overdrawn.

Marketable Securities

Marketable securities consist of a publicly traded money market mutual fund. The underlying money market instruments are primarily comprised of certificates of deposit and financial company asset backed commercial paper.

Investments

Investments consist of corporate bonds and notes, asset backed securities, and government securities and are classified as “available-for-sale” as the sale of such securities may be required prior to maturity to implement the Company’s strategies. The fair value of investments is determined by quoted prices in active markets with unrealized gains and losses (other than credit related impairment) reported as a separate component of other comprehensive income. For securities with unrealized losses, any credit related portion of the loss is recognized in earnings. If it is more likely than not that the Company will be unable or does not intend to hold the security to recovery of the non-credit related unrealized loss, the loss is recognized in earnings. Realized gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method and recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Any related amounts recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income are reclassified to earnings (on a pre-tax basis).

ExtraCash Receivables

ExtraCash Receivables include ExtraCash, processing and service fees and tips, net of certain direct origination costs and allowance for credit losses. Management’s intent is to hold ExtraCash Receivables until the earlier of repayment or payoff date. Members’ ExtraCash Receivables are treated as financial receivables under ASC 310.

ExtraCash Receivables to Members are not interest-bearing. The Company recognizes these ExtraCash Receivables at the origination amount and does not use discounting techniques to determine present value of originations due to their short-term nature.

The Company does not provide modifications to ExtraCash and does not charge late fees.

Allowance for Credit Losses

ExtraCash receivables from contracts with Members as of the balance sheet dates are recorded at their original origination amounts, inclusive of outstanding processing fees, service fees and tips, and reduced by an allowance for expected credit losses. The Company pools its ExtraCash receivables, all of which are short-term (average term of approximately 11 days) in nature and arise from contracts with Members, based on shared risk characteristics to assess their risk of loss, even when that risk is remote. The Company uses an aging method and historical loss rates as a basis for estimating the percentage of current and delinquent ExtraCash receivables balances that will result in credit losses to derive the allowance for credit losses. The Company considers whether the conditions at the measurement date and reasonable and supportable forecasts about future conditions warrant an adjustment to its historical loss experience. In assessing such adjustments, the Company primarily evaluates current economic conditions, expectations of near-term economic trends and changes in customer payment terms, collection trends and cash collections subsequent to the balance sheet date. For the measurement dates presented herein, given its methods of collecting funds, and that the Company has not observed meaningful changes in its customers’ payment behavior, it determined that its historical loss rates remain most indicative of its lifetime expected losses. The Company immediately recognizes an allowance for expected credit losses at the time of the ExtraCash origination. Adjustments to the allowance each period for changes in the estimate of lifetime expected credit losses are recognized in operating expenses—provision for credit losses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

When the Company determines that an ExtraCash receivable is not collectible, or after 120 days from origination has passed, the uncollectible amount is written-off as a reduction to both the allowance and the gross asset balance. Based on the average ExtraCash receivables term of approximately 11 days, ExtraCash receivables outstanding 12 or more days from origination may be considered past due. Subsequent recoveries are recorded when received and are recorded as a recovery of the allowance for expected credit losses. Any change in circumstances related to a specific Member ExtraCash receivables may result in an additional allowance for expected credit losses being recognized in the period in which the change occurs.

Internally Developed Software

Internally developed software is capitalized when preliminary development efforts are successfully completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, it is probable that the project will be completed, and the software will be used as intended. Capitalized costs consist of salaries and other compensation costs for employees incurred for time spent on upgrades and enhancements to add functionality to the software and fees paid to third-party consultants who are directly involved in development efforts. These capitalized costs are included on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as intangible assets, net. Other costs are expensed as incurred and included within other operating expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Capitalized costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 were $1.7 and $3.1 million, respectively. Capitalized costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 were $2.2 million and $3.8 million, respectively.

Amortization of internally developed software commences when the software is ready for its intended use (i.e., after all substantial testing is complete). Internally developed software is amortized over its estimated useful life of 3 years.

The Company’s accounting policy is to perform annual reviews of capitalized internally developed software projects to determine whether any impairment indicators are present as of December 31, or whenever a change in circumstances suggests an impairment indicator is present. If any impairment indicators are present, the Company will perform a recoverability test by comparing the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows attributed to the asset group to their carrying value. If the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the remaining use of the asset (i.e., cash flows when testing recoverability) are less than the asset group’s carrying value, the Company will determine the fair value of the asset group and recognize an impairment loss as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset group exceeds its fair value. If based on the results of the recoverability test, no impairment is indicated as the remaining undiscounted cash flows exceed the carrying value of the software asset group, the carrying value of the asset group as of the assessment date is deemed fully recoverable. In addition, the Company evaluates the remaining useful life of an intangible asset that is being amortized each reporting period to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining period of amortization. If the estimate of an intangible asset’s remaining useful life is changed, the remaining carrying value of the intangible asset shall be amortized prospectively over that revised remaining useful life.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated over the estimated useful lives ranging from 3 to 7 years using the straight-line method. Maintenance and repair costs are charged to operations as incurred and included within other operating expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company assesses the impairment of long-lived assets, primarily property and equipment and amortizable intangible assets, whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that carrying amounts of the assets may not be fully recoverable. If the sum of the expected undiscounted future cash flows from an asset is less than the carrying amount of the asset, the Company estimates the fair value of the assets. The Company measures the loss as the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds its fair value calculated using the present value of estimated net future cash flows.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), provides a single definition of fair value and a common framework for measuring fair value as well as disclosure requirements for fair value measurements used in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Under ASC 820, fair value is determined based upon the exit price that would be received by a company to sell an asset or paid by a company to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, exclusive of any transaction costs. Fair value measurements are determined by either the principal market or the most advantageous market. The principal market is the market with the greatest level of activity and volume for the asset or liability. Absent a principal market to measure fair value, the Company uses the most advantageous market, which is the market from which the Company would receive the highest selling price for the asset or pay the lowest price to settle the liability, after considering transaction costs. However, when using the most advantageous market, transaction costs are only considered to determine which market is the most advantageous and these costs are then excluded when applying a fair value measurement. ASC 820 creates a three-level hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values. The basis for fair value measurements for each level within the hierarchy is described below, with Level 1 having the highest priority and Level 3 having the lowest.

Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Observable inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets and liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3—Valuations are based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement of the assets or liabilities. Inputs reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.

Concentration of Risk

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, principally consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, ExtraCash receivables, and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash in excess of the FDIC insured limits were $60.8 million at June 30, 2025 and $61.1 million at December 31, 2024. The Company’s payment processors also collect cash on the Company’s behalf and will hold these cash balances temporarily until they are settled the next business day. Also, the Company does not believe its marketable securities are exposed to any significant credit risk due to the quality and nature of the securities in which the money is held.

The Company relies on agreements with Evolve, currently its only active bank partner, to provide ExtraCash and other deposit accounts, debit card services and other transaction services to it and its Members. Given the size and consistent growth of the Company's Member base as well as how its product capabilities have been expanding, the Company recently announced an additional financial institution with which it will partner. Refer to Note 20, Subsequent Events for further details regarding the Program Agreement entered into with Coastal Community Bank to become a sponsor for the Company's banking and ExtraCash products.

No Member individually exceeded 10% or more of the Company’s ExtraCash receivables balance as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Leases

ASC 842, Leases (“ASC 842”) requires lessees to recognize most leases on the condensed consolidated balance sheet with a corresponding right-of-use asset. Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and

lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of fixed lease payments over the lease term. Leases are classified as financing or operating which will drive the expense recognition pattern. Lease payments on short-term leases are recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. At the time of a lease abandonment, the operating lease right-of-use asset is derecognized, while the corresponding lease liability is evaluated by the Company based any remaining contractual obligations as of the lease abandonment date.

The Company leases office space under two separate leases, both of which are considered operating leases. Options to extend or terminate a lease are considered as part of calculating the lease term to the extent that the option is reasonably certain of exercise. The leases do not include the options to purchase the leased property. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term. Covenants imposed by the leases include letters of credit required to be obtained by the lessee.

The incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”) represents the rate of interest the Company would expect to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. When determinable, the Company uses the rate implicit in the lease to determine the present value of lease payments. As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Option Awards:

ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), requires the estimate of the fair value of all stock-based payments to employees, including grants of stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations over the requisite service period. Under ASC 718, employee option grants are generally valued at the grant date and those valuations do not change once they have been established. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model. As allowed by ASC 718, the Company’s estimate of expected volatility is based on its peer company average volatilities, including industry, stage of life cycle, size, and financial leverage. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant valuation. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur. Subsequent modifications to outstanding awards result in incremental cost if the fair value is increased as a result of the modification.

Restricted Stock Unit Awards:

Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) are valued on the grant date. The fair value of the RSUs that vest based solely on a service condition is equal to the estimated fair value of the Company’s Class A common stock on the grant date. This compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. For RSUs that contain both a market condition and a service condition, market volatility and other factors are taken into consideration in determining the grant date fair value and the related compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of each separately vesting tranche, regardless of whether the market condition is satisfied, provided that the requisite service has been provided. These costs are a component of stock-based compensation expense, presented within compensation and benefits in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur.

Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Awards:

Performance-based RSUs are valued on the grant date and the compensation cost is recognized over the requisite service period if and when the Company concludes it is probable that the performance metrics will be satisfied. The grant-date fair value of the awards are not subsequently remeasured; however, the Company reassesses the probability of vesting at each reporting period and records a cumulative adjustment to compensation expense based on the likelihood the performance metric will be achieved. These costs are a component of stock-based compensation expense, presented within compensation and benefits in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur.

Advertising and Activation Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs consist primarily of expenses related to digital marketing, paid social media, influencer partnerships, content marketing and referral programs. Advertising costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, were $13.4 million and $23.7 million, respectively, and are presented within advertising and activation costs in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Advertising costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 were $10.7 million and $19.8 million, respectively. Activation costs, which consist primarily of expenses incurred to onboard and activate new users, are also expensed as incurred.

Income Taxes

The Company follows ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the condensed consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the condensed consolidated financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more-likely-than-not that the asset will not be realized.

ASC 740 provides that a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more-likely-than-not that the position will be sustained in a court of last resort, based on the technical merits. If more-likely-than-not, the amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination, including compromise settlements. For tax positions not meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, no tax benefit is recorded. The Company has estimated $2.3 and $2.0 million of uncertain tax positions as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, related to state income taxes and federal and state research and development tax credits.

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest expense and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense within the statement of operations. The Company recognized $0.026 million and $0.004 million of interest expense and penalties as a component of income tax expense during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were $0.078 million and $0.020 million of accrued interest expense and penalties as of June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively.

On June 27, 2025, California enacted legislation requiring financial institutions to utilize a single sales factor apportionment method, effective for tax years beginning in 2025. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this legislation on its income tax provision, but anticipates that the new law will decrease its California apportioned income and state income tax expense beginning in 2025.

Segment Information

The Company determines its operating segment based on how its chief operating decision makers manage operations, make operating decisions, and evaluate operating performance. The Company has determined that the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) is a joint role shared by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Based upon the way the CODM reviews financial information and makes operating decisions and considering that the CODM reviews financial information on a consolidated basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance, the operations of the Company constitute a single operating segment and reportable segment. Refer to Note 18 Segment Information for further details.

Net Income Per Share Attributable to Stockholders

The Company has two classes of participating securities (Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share ("Class A Common Stock") and Class V common stock, par value $0.0001 per share ("Class V Common Stock")) issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2025 (the Class V Common Stock and together with the Class A Common Stock, the “Common Stock”). The rights, including the liquidation and dividend rights, of the holders of the Class A Common Stock and Class V Common Stock are identical, except with respect to voting.

Basic net income attributable to holders of Common Stock per share is calculated by dividing net income attributable to holders of Common Stock by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding.

Diluted net income per share attributable to holders of common stock is computed by dividing net income per share attributable to stockholders and the weighted-average number of shares outstanding and the effect of potentially dilutive stock options, warrants, and restricted stock using the treasury stock method.

The Company also excluded 11,444,235 public and private warrants and 49,653 earnout shares that were potentially dilutive from the computation of diluted net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, as including them would have been antidilutive. In connection with the 32-for-1 reverse stock split effected on January 4, 2023, 32 warrants are exercisable for one share of Class A Common Stock. Refer to Note 9 Warrant Liabilities and Note 13 Fair Value of Financial Instruments for further details.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted:

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09, Income Taxes - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments require enhanced disclosures in connection with an entity's effective tax rate reconciliation, income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction, and clarification on uncertain tax positions and related financial statement impacts. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this amendment on its financial statement disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses and in January 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-01, Clarifying the Effective Date. The amendments require entities to disclose the following amounts in each relevant income statement expense captions: purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation and intangible asset amortization. Entities are also required to disclose the total amount of selling expense and the entities definition of selling expenses. The amendments, as clarified by ASU No. 2025-01, are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, with early adoption permitted, and may be applied retrospectively or prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its financial statement disclosures.

In March 2025, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2025-02, Liabilities (Topic 405): Improvements to Liability Derecognition and Disclosure Requirements. This ASU clarifies the criteria for derecognizing liabilities and enhances disclosures

related to certain liabilities, particularly those resulting from settlement obligations and contingent liabilities. The updated guidance is intended to improve transparency and comparability by requiring detailed qualitative and quantitative disclosures in the notes to financial statements regarding the timing and circumstances of liability derecognition and significant judgments applied. The standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its financial statement disclosures.

In May 2025, the FASB released ASU 2025-04, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Simplifying Accounting for Certain Modifications to Equity Awards. This new standard provides guidance to streamline the accounting for certain modifications of equity awards, including modifications related to equity-classified share-based payment awards. The ASU clarifies when a modification is considered substantive, how to measure the effects, and which disclosures are required upon modification. ASU 2025-04 becomes effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its financial statement disclosures.