Income Taxes |
6 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Jun. 30, 2025 | |
| Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |
| Income Taxes | Income taxes The income tax provision or benefit for interim periods is determined using an estimate of our annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items, if any, that are taken into consideration in the relevant period. Each quarter, we update the estimate of the annual effective tax rate, and if the estimated tax rate changes, we record a cumulative adjustment to the provision or benefit. We did not record a provision for income taxes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 because of forecasted full year net operating losses ("NOLs"), which consider the timing of recognition of deferred revenue for tax purposes and the effects of the mandatory capitalization and amortization of R&D expenses starting in 2022, as required by the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. statutory tax rate primarily due to the valuation allowances on our deferred tax assets and state income taxes. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we have provided a valuation allowance against U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets. We continue to evaluate the realizability of deferred tax assets and the related valuation allowance. If our assessment of the deferred tax assets or the corresponding valuation allowance were to change, we would record the related adjustment to income during the period in which we make the determination. We recognize interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax benefits as part of the income tax provision. To date, we have not recognized any interest and penalties, nor have we accrued for or made payments for interest and penalties. We have not been audited by the Internal Revenue Service, any state or foreign tax authority. We are subject to taxation in the U.S. and in Australia. Due to NOLs and research credit carryforwards, all of our tax years, from 2015 to 2024, remain open to U.S. federal and California state tax examinations. In addition, our fiscal years from 2020 to 2024 are open to examination in Australia.
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