BAR HARBOR BANKSHARES

(in thousands)

June 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

Balances from contracts with customers only:

Other Assets

Other Liabilities

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended: June 30, 2025


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-13349

BAR HARBOR BANKSHARES

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Maine		01-0393663
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

PO Box 400
82 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME		04609-0400
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (207) 288-3314

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class		Trading Symbol		Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $2.00 per share		BHB		NYSE American

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definition of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company", and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer ◻ Accelerated Filer ⌧ Non-Accelerated Filer ◻ Smaller Reporting Company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) Yes ☐ No ⌧

The registrant had 16,682,898 shares of common stock, par value $2.00 per share, outstanding as of August 4, 2025.

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BAR HARBOR BANKSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

				Page
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024			4

	Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024			5

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024			6

	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024			7

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024			8

	Condensed Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
		Note 1	Basis of Presentation	9
		Note 2	Securities Available for Sale	11
		Note 3	Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses	15
		Note 4	Borrowed Funds	27
		Note 5	Deposits	29
		Note 6	Capital Ratios and Shareholders' Equity	30
		Note 7	Earnings per Share	35
		Note 8	Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities	36
		Note 9	Fair Value Measurements	45
		Note 10	Revenue from Contracts with Customers	53

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			55
		Selected Financial Data		62
		Consolidated Loan and Deposit Analysis		63
		Average Balances and Average Yields/Rates		64
		Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures		66

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk			68

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures			69

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings			70

Item 1A.	Risk Factors			70

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			71

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities			71

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures			71

Item 5.	Other Information			71

Item 6.	Exhibits			72

Signatures				73

Bar Harbor Bankshares conducts business operations principally through Bar Harbor Bank & Trust, which may be referred to as the “Bank” and which is a subsidiary of Bar Harbor Bankshares. Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this report to “the Company,” "our," "us," and similar terms refer to Bar Harbor Bankshares and its subsidiaries, including the Bank, collectively.

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) that are not historical facts may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and are intended to be covered by the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. When used in this Form 10-Q the words “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “assume,” “should,” “predict,” “could,” “would,” “intend,” “targets,” “estimates,” “projects,” “plans,” and “potential,” and other similar words and expressions of the future, are intended to identify such forward-looking statements, but other statements not based on historical information may also be considered forward-looking, including statements about the Company’s future financial and operating results and the Company’s plans, objectives, and intentions. All forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause the actual results, performance, or achievements of the Company to differ materially from any results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause the actual results to differ materially from the statements, including, but not limited to:

●

changes in general business and economic conditions on a national basis and in our markets throughout Northern New England;

●

changes in consumer behavior due to political, business, and economic conditions, including inflation and concerns about liquidity;

●

the possibility that our asset quality could decline or that we experience greater loan losses than anticipated;

●

the impact of liquidity needs on our results of operations and financial condition; changes in the size and nature of our competition;

●

the effect of interest rate increases on the cost of deposits;

●

unanticipated weakness in loan demand, pricing or collectability;

●

the possibility that future credit losses are higher than currently expected due to changes in economic assumptions or adverse economic developments;

●

operational risks including, but not limited to, changes in information technology, cybersecurity incidents, fraud, natural disasters, climate change, war, terrorism, civil unrest, and future pandemics;

●

lack of strategic growth opportunities or our failure to execute on available opportunities;

●

our ability to effectively manage problem credits;

●

our ability to successfully develop new products and implement efficiency initiatives on time and with the results projected;

●

our ability to retain executive officers and key employees and their customer and community relationships;

●

regulatory, litigation, and reputational risks and the applicability of insurance coverage;

●

changes in the reliability of our vendors, internal control systems or information systems;

●

the impacts of actual or threatened tariffs, sanctions and other trade policies of the United States and its global trading counterparts;

●

changes in legislation or regulation and accounting principles, policies, and guidelines;

●

reductions in the market value or outflows of wealth management assets under management; and

●

changes in the assumptions used in making such forward-looking statements.

Other factors not identified above, including those described under the headings “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 (the “Form 10-K”), our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov, may also cause actual results to differ materially from those described in our forward-looking statements. Most of these factors are difficult to anticipate and are generally beyond our control. Given these uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements, and you should consider these factors in connection with considering any forward-looking statements that may be made by us. We undertake no obligation to release publicly any revisions to any forward-looking statements, to report events or to report the occurrence of unanticipated events unless we are required to do so by law.

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

BAR HARBOR BANKSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)


(in thousands, except share data)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and due from banks	$	50,948	$	34,266
Interest-earning deposits with other banks		36,087		37,896
Total cash and cash equivalents		87,035		72,162
Securities:
Available-for-sale debt securities		528,690		521,018
Less: Allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities		—		(568)
Net securities		528,690		520,450
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		12,695		12,237
Loans held for sale		2,829		1,235
Total loans held for investment		3,152,664		3,147,096
Less: Allowance for credit losses		(28,885)		(28,744)
Net loans held for investment		3,123,779		3,118,352
Premises and equipment, net		52,647		51,237
Other real estate owned		—		—
Goodwill		119,477		119,477
Other intangible assets		3,472		3,938
Cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance		83,074		81,858
Deferred tax assets, net		23,290		23,330
Other assets		75,017		79,051
Total assets	$	4,112,005	$	4,083,327

Liabilities
Deposits:
Non-interest bearing demand	$	552,074	$	575,649
Interest-bearing demand		931,854		910,191
Savings		542,579		545,816
Money market		370,709		405,758
Time		894,772		830,274
Total deposits		3,291,988		3,267,688
Borrowings:
Senior		256,441		249,981
Subordinated		40,620		40,620
Total borrowings		297,061		290,601
Other liabilities		54,096		66,610
Total liabilities		3,643,145		3,624,899


Shareholders’ equity
Capital stock, par value $2.00; authorized 30,000,000 shares and 20,000,000 shares; issued 16,384,353 shares and 16,428,388 shares; outstanding 15,321,763 shares and 15,279,783 shares at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		32,769		32,857
Additional paid-in capital		195,798		194,607
Retained earnings		304,500		297,857
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(48,809)		(51,536)
Less: 1,062,590 and 1,148,605 shares of treasury stock, at cost, at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		(15,398)		(15,357)
Total shareholders’ equity		468,860		458,428
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	4,112,005	$	4,083,327

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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BAR HARBOR BANKSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
(in thousands, except earnings per share data)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Interest and dividend income
Loans	$	42,726	$	40,634	$	84,530	$	80,104
Securities and other		5,474		5,620		10,757		11,150
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		212		199		349		487
Interest-earning deposits with other banks		276		385		590		920
Total interest and dividend income		48,688		46,838		96,226		92,661
Interest expense
Deposits		15,511		14,780		31,023		29,312
Borrowings		3,282		4,299		6,301		7,535
Total interest expense		18,793		19,079		37,324		36,847
Net interest income		29,895		27,759		58,902		55,814
Provision for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities		—		—		636		—
Provision for credit losses on loans		528		585		471		874
Net interest income after provision for credit losses		29,367		27,174		57,795		54,940

Non-interest income
Trust and investment management fee income		4,263		4,193		8,179		7,863
Customer service fees		3,589		3,737		7,114		7,447
(Loss) gain on available-for-sale debt securities, net		(4,942)		50		(4,942)		50
Mortgage banking income		605		558		1,061		815
Bank-owned life insurance income		602		583		1,216		1,144
Customer derivative income		104		168		316		168
Other income		425		168		620		356
Total non-interest income		4,646		9,457		13,564		17,843

Non-interest expense
Salaries and employee benefits		14,274		13,860		28,007		27,108
Occupancy and equipment		3,546		3,317		6,871		6,749
Depreciation		1,023		1,065		2,072		2,106
Loss (gain) on sales of premises and equipment, net		3		(248)		93		(263)
Outside services		457		462		939		800
Professional services		514		238		1,106		638
Communication		194		192		360		381
Marketing		682		521		1,200		1,088
Amortization of intangible assets		233		233		466		466
FDIC assessment		464		448		920		900
Acquisition, conversion and other expenses		1,205		—		1,444		20
Provision for unfunded commitments		—		—		(74)		(185)
Other expenses		3,943		3,754		7,785		7,522
Total non-interest expense		26,538		23,842		51,189		47,330

Income before income taxes		7,475		12,789		20,170		25,453
Income tax expense		1,383		2,532		3,867		5,101
Net income	$	6,092	$	10,257	$	16,303	$	20,352

Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.40	$	0.67	$	1.06	$	1.34
Diluted		0.40		0.67	$	1.06	$	1.33

Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic		15,321		15,227		15,312		15,213
Diluted		15,372		15,275		15,382		15,273

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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BAR HARBOR BANKSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Net income	$	6,092	$	10,257	$	16,303	$	20,352
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Changes in unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities		1,128		(3,507)		6,193		(6,104)
Changes in unrealized (loss) gain on hedging derivatives		(1,105)		(312)		(3,059)		(1,249)
Changes in unrealized gain (loss) on pension		—		—		—		22

Income taxes related to other comprehensive income (loss):
Changes in unrealized (gain) loss on available-for-sale debt securities		(271)		827		(1,154)		1,440
Changes in unrealized loss (gain) on hedging derivatives		263		73		747		294
Changes in unrealized loss (gain) on pension		—		—		—		(28)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)		15		(2,919)		2,727		(5,625)
Total comprehensive income	$	6,107	$	7,338	$	19,030	$	14,727

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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BAR HARBOR BANKSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)


							Accumulated
	Common		Additional				other
	stock		paid-in		Retained		comprehensive		Treasury
(in thousands, except per share data)	amount		capital		earnings		income (loss)		stock		Total
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	32,857	$	193,114	$	272,101	$	(49,862)	$	(16,151)	$	432,059

Net income		—		—		10,095		—		—		10,095
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		(2,706)		—		(2,706)
Cash dividends declared ($0.28 per share)		—		—		(4,205)		—		—		(4,205)
Net issuance (39,746 shares) to employee stock plans, including related tax effects		—		(355)		—		—		339		(16)
Recognition of stock based compensation		—		487		—		—		—		487
Balance at March 31, 2024	$	32,857	$	193,246	$	277,991	$	(52,568)	$	(15,812)	$	435,714

Net income		—		—		10,257		—		—		10,257
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		(2,919)		—		(2,919)
Cash dividends declared ($0.30 per share)		—		—		(4,519)		—		—		(4,519)
Net issuance (20,548 shares) to employee stock plans, including related tax effects		—		(444)		—		—		134		(310)
Recognition of stock based compensation		—		684		—		—		—		684
Balance at June 30, 2024	$	32,857	$	193,486	$	283,729	$	(55,487)	$	(15,678)	$	438,907

Balance at December 31, 2024	$	32,857	$	194,607	$	297,857	$	(51,536)	$	(15,357)	$	458,428
Net income		—		—		10,211		—		—		10,211
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		2,712		—		2,712
Cash dividends declared ($0.30 per share)		—		—		(4,620)		—		—		(4,620)
Net issuance (37,439 shares) to employee stock plans, including related tax effects		—		(167)		—		—		240		73
Reclassification of shares		(88)		(171)		—		—		259		—
Recognition of stock based compensation		—		507		—		—		—		507
Balance at March 31, 2025	$	32,769	$	194,776	$	303,448	$	(48,824)	$	(14,858)	$	467,311

Net income		—		—		6,092		—		—		6,092
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		15		—		15
Cash dividends declared ($0.32 per share)		—		—		(5,040)		—		—		(5,040)
Net issuance (4,541 shares) to employee stock plans, including related tax effects		—		323		—		—		(540)		(217)
Recognition of stock based compensation		—		699		—		—		—		699
Balance at June 30, 2025	$	32,769	$	195,798	$	304,500	$	(48,809)	$	(15,398)	$	468,860

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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BAR HARBOR BANKSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	16,303	$	20,352
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net change in loans held for sale		(1,594)		1,708
Provision for credit losses on loans		471		874
Provision for credit losses on securities available for sale		636		—
Net amortization of securities		406		894
Change in unamortized net loan costs and premiums		167		(540)
Premises and equipment depreciation		2,072		2,096
Stock-based compensation expense		1,206		1,171
Amortization of other intangibles		466		466
Income from cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance policies		(1,216)		(1,144)
Loss (gain) on available-for-sale debt securities		4,942		(50)
Amortization of right-of-use lease assets		(819)		442
Decrease in lease liabilities		858		(440)
Loss (gain) on premises and equipment, net		93		(263)
Net change in other assets and liabilities		(9,403)		(9,954)
Net cash provided by operating activities		14,588		15,612

Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities, calls and prepayments of available-for-sale debt securities		41,656		36,656
Purchases of available-for-sale debt securities		(52,559)		(22,845)
Net change in loans		(6,065)		(64,753)
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock		(8,583)		(9,953)
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock		8,125		7,986
Purchase of premises and equipment, net		(3,533)		(5,489)
Proceeds from sale of premises held for sale		—		1,136
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(20,959)		(57,262)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Net change in deposits		24,300		(691)
Net change in short-term borrowings		6,465		58,310
Repayments of long-term borrowings		(5)		(5)
Net change in subordinated debt		—		80
Net issuance to employee stock plans		144		(326)
Cash dividends paid on common stock		(9,660)		(8,724)
Net cash used in financing activities		21,244		48,644

Net change in cash and cash equivalents		14,873		6,994
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		72,162		94,842
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	87,035	$	101,836

Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid	$	37,915	$	34,298
Income taxes paid, net		7,054		7,857
Transfer of non-cash assets		1,000		—

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BAR HARBOR BANKSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The consolidated financial statements (unaudited) (the “financial statements”) of Bar Harbor Bankshares and its subsidiaries (the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or similar terms) have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Company is a Maine financial institution holding company for the purposes of the laws of the State of Maine, and as such is subject to the jurisdiction of the Superintendent of the Maine Bureau of Financial Institutions. These financial statements include our accounts, the accounts of our wholly owned subsidiary Bar Harbor Bank & Trust (the “Bank”) and the Bank’s consolidated subsidiaries. The results of operations of companies or assets acquired are included only from the dates of acquisition. All material wholly owned and majority owned subsidiaries are consolidated unless GAAP requires otherwise.

In addition, these interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X, and accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared according to GAAP have been omitted.

The results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. The consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and note disclosures in the Form 10-K previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). In management's opinion, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement are reflected in the interim periods presented.

Reclassifications: Whenever necessary, amounts in the consolidated financial statements are reclassified to conform to current presentation. The reclassifications had no impact on net income, total shareholders’ equity or total assets and liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Segment Reporting: The Company’s reportable segment is determined by the Chief Executive Officer, who is designated as the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), based upon information provided about the Company’s products and services offered, primarily banking operations. Operations of the Company are solely within community banking industry and include traditional community banking services, including lending activities, acceptance of demand, savings and time deposits, business services, investment management, trust and third-party brokerage services. These products and services have similar distribution methods, types of customers and regulatory responsibilities. An operating segment is defined as a component of a business for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate resources and evaluate performance. Consolidated net income of the company is the primary performance metric utilized by the CODM. The CODM uses revenue streams to evaluate product pricing and significant expenses to assess performance and evaluate return on assets. The CODM uses consolidated net income to benchmark the Company against its competitors. The benchmarking analysis coupled with monitoring of budget to actual results are used in assessment performance and in establishing compensation. The majority of the Company’s revenue is from the business of banking. While the Company has assigned certain management responsibilities by business lines, the Company’s CODM monitors and evaluates financial performance on a Company-wide basis. Accordingly, segment information is not presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Therefore, the Company has determined that its business is conducted in one reportable segment and represents the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The following table provides a brief description of recent accounting standards updates (“ASU”) that could have a material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption:


Standard	Description	Required Date of Adoption	Effect on financial statements
Standards Not Yet Adopted
ASU 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures	The amendments in this update require that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income [or loss] by the applicable statutory income tax rate).	Annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2025	We are currently evaluating the impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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NOTE 2. SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE

The following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities (“AFS”):


			Gross		Gross
			Unrealized		Unrealized
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value		Allowance
June 30, 2025
Debt securities:
Obligations of US Government-sponsored enterprises	$	1,205	$	2	$	(16)	$	1,191	$	—
Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations:
US Government-sponsored enterprises		208,574		169		(26,089)		182,654		—
US Government agency		143,667		170		(10,458)		133,379		—
Private label		19,186		25		(919)		18,292		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions thereof		121,284		1		(22,678)		98,607		—
Corporate bonds		98,861		246		(4,540)		94,567		—
Total available-for-sale debt securities	$	592,777	$	613	$	(64,700)	$	528,690	$	—


			Gross		Gross
			Unrealized		Unrealized
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value		Allowance
December 31, 2024
Debt securities:
Obligations of US Government-sponsored enterprises	$	1,344	$	—	$	(26)	$	1,318	$	—
Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations:
US Government-sponsored enterprises		208,818		22		(31,524)		177,316		—
US Government agency		115,177		53		(11,314)		103,916		—
Private label		40,633		25		(1,094)		39,564		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions thereof		116,421		5,564		(16,533)		105,452		—
Corporate bonds		100,923		290		(7,761)		93,452		(568)
Total available-for-sale debt securities	$	583,316	$	5,954	$	(68,252)	$	521,018	$	(568)

Credit Quality Information

We monitor the credit quality of available-for-sale debt securities through credit ratings from various rating agencies and substantial price changes. In an effort to make informed decisions, we utilize credit ratings that express opinions about the credit quality of a security. Securities are triggered for further review in the quarter if the security has significant fluctuations in ratings, significant pricing changes, or drops below investment-grade. For securities without credit ratings, we utilize other financial information indicating the financial health of the underlying municipality, agency, or organization associated with the underlying security.

Management recorded an allowance for credit losses on two corporate notes where there was a change in future estimated cash flows during the year ended December 31, 2024. A discounted cash flow approach was used to determine the amount of the allowance. The cash flows expected to be collected, after considering expected prepayments, are discounted at the original effective interest rate. The amount of the allowance is limited to the difference between the amortized cost basis of the security and its estimated fair value. During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, management recognized impairment losses of $4.9 million on available-for-sale debt securities and other receivables. The losses were included in net gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities in the consolidated statements of income. The Company had determined that it no longer intended to hold the security until recovery of the amortized cost basis.

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The table below presents a rollforward by major security type for the quarter and year ended June 30, 2025 of the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities held at period end:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025				2025
(in thousands)		Corporate Bonds		Total		Corporate Bonds		Total
Beginning Balance	$	1,204	$	1,204	$	568	$	568
Provision for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities		—		—		636		636
Charge-offs		(1,204)		(1,204)		(1,204)		(1,204)
Ending Balance	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

As of June 30, 2024, we carried no allowance on available-for-sale debt securities in accordance with ASC 326, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.

We have one nonaccrual corporate bond of $8.0 million written down by $5.6 million as of June 30, 2025, of which $4.4 million is included in losses on available-for-sale debt securities. The bond previously carried a $1.2 million allowance, which was charged-off through the allowance for credit losses on securities during the period ended June 30, 2025. At December 31, 2024 we had $9.0 million of corporate bonds that we allocated $568 thousand in related allowance for credit losses. In the first quarter of 2025, a $1.0 million nonaccrual security matured and was transferred to a financing receivable non-cash asset.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale debt securities segregated by contractual maturity at June 30, 2025 are presented below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are shown in total, as their maturities are highly variable.


	Available for sale
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Within 1 year	$	6,011	$	5,947
Over 1 year to 5 years		54,721		53,036
Over 5 years to 10 years		45,353		42,337
Over 10 years		115,265		93,045
Total bonds and obligations		221,350		194,365
Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations		371,427		334,325
Total available-for-sale debt securities	$	592,777	$	528,690

The proceeds from sales, calls and maturities of available-for-sale debt securities, gross realized gains and losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Proceeds from sales	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Proceeds from calls/paydowns		13,321		25,917		41,656		33,656
Proceeds from maturities		—		3,000		—		3,000
Gross realized gains		—		50		—		50
Gross impairment losses		4,393		—		4,393		—

Accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale debt securities totaled $3.2 million at June 30, 2025 and $3.3 million at December 31, 2024, which is reported in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

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The following tables summarize available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, aggregated by major security type and length of time in continuous unrealized loss position:


	Less Than Twelve Months				Over Twelve Months				Total
	Gross				Gross				Gross
	Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair
(in thousands)	Losses		Value		Losses		Value		Losses		Value
June 30, 2025
Debt securities:
Obligations of US Government-sponsored enterprises	$	—	$	—	$	16	$	491	$	16	$	491
Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations:
US Government-sponsored enterprises		14		5,205		26,075		160,315		26,089		165,520
US Government agency		1,323		49,018		9,135		62,479		10,458		111,497
Private label		—		—		919		10,001		919		10,001
Obligations of states and political subdivisions thereof		84		3,402		22,594		92,150		22,678		95,552
Corporate bonds		98		11,893		4,442		63,063		4,540		74,956
Total available-for-sale debt securities	$	1,519	$	69,518	$	63,181	$	388,499	$	64,700	$	458,017


	Less Than Twelve Months				Over Twelve Months				Total
	Gross				Gross				Gross
	Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair
(in thousands)	Losses		Value		Losses		Value		Losses		Value
December 31, 2024
Debt securities:
Obligations of US Government-sponsored enterprises	$	2	$	707	$	24	$	611	$	26	$	1,318
Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations:
US Government-sponsored enterprises		109		8,003		31,415		165,116		31,524		173,119
US Government agency		817		35,174		10,497		60,789		11,314		95,963
Private label		1		948		1,093		19,839		1,094		20,787
Obligations of states and political subdivisions thereof		115		4,962		16,418		99,109		16,533		104,071
Corporate bonds		26		2,438		4,495		75,002		4,521		77,440
Total available-for-sale debt securities	$	1,070	$	52,232	$	63,942	$	420,466	$	65,012	$	472,698

The following summarizes, by investment security type, the impact of performing securities in an unrealized loss position at June 30, 2025:

Obligations of US Government-sponsored enterprises

6 out of the total 7 securities in our portfolio of AFS obligations of US Government-sponsored enterprises were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 3.04% of the amortized cost of securities in unrealized loss positions. The US Small Business Administration guarantees the contractual cash flows of all of our obligations of US Government-sponsored enterprises. The securities are investment grade rated and there were no material underlying credit downgrades during the quarter.

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US Government-sponsored enterprises

411 out of the total 482 securities in our portfolio of AFS US Government-sponsored enterprises were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 13.62% of the amortized cost of securities in unrealized loss positions. The Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation guarantee the contractual cash flows of all of our US Government-sponsored enterprises. The securities are investment grade rated and there were no material underlying credit downgrades during the quarter.

US Government agency

135 out of the total 168 securities in our portfolio of AFS US Government agency securities were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 8.58% of the amortized cost of securities in unrealized loss positions. The Government National Mortgage Association guarantees the contractual cash flows of all of our US Government agency securities. The securities are investment grade rated and there were no material underlying credit downgrades during the quarter.

Private label

14 of the total 20 securities in our portfolio of AFS private label mortgage-backed securities were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 8.42% of the amortized cost of securities in unrealized loss positions. We expect to receive all of the future contractual cash flows related to the amortized cost on these securities.

Obligations of states and political subdivisions thereof

58 of the total 66 securities in our portfolio of AFS municipal bonds and obligations were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 19.18% of the amortized cost of securities in unrealized loss positions. We continually monitor the municipal bond sector of the market carefully and periodically evaluate the appropriate level of exposure to the market. At this time, we believe (i) the bonds in this portfolio carry minimal risk of default and (ii) we are appropriately compensated for the risk. There were no material underlying credit downgrades during the quarter.

Corporate bonds

25 out of the total 35 securities in our portfolio of AFS corporate bonds were in an unrealized loss position. The aggregate unrealized loss represents 5.49% of the amortized cost of bonds in unrealized loss positions. We review the financial strength of all of these bonds, and we have concluded that the amortized cost remains supported by the expected future cash flows of these securities. The most recent review includes all bond issuers and their current credit ratings, financial performance and capitalization.

A summary of securities pledged as collateral for certain deposits and borrowing arrangements for the months ended June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows:


	June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
	Carrying		Estimated		Carrying		Estimated
(in thousands)	Value		Fair Value		Value		Fair Value
Securities pledged for deposits	$	17,200	$	15,234	$	18,483	$	15,821
Securities pledged for repurchase agreements		15,926		13,646		16,764		14,020
Securities pledged for borrowings ⁽¹⁾		35,697		28,223		35,819		30,634
Total securities pledged	$	68,823	$	57,103	$	71,066	$	60,475

(1)

The Bank pledged securities as collateral for certain borrowing arrangements with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston and the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston (the “Reserve Bank”).

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NOTE 3. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

We evaluate risk characteristics of loans based on regulatory call report code with segmentation based on the underlying collateral for certain loan types. The following is a summary of total loans based on regulatory call report code segmentation for certain loan types:


	June 30,		December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Commercial construction	$	153,978	$	131,617
Commercial real estate owner occupied		313,709		302,074
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		1,361,262		1,358,903
Tax exempt and other		35,409		44,275
Commercial and industrial		316,211		319,766
Residential real estate		862,182		888,251
Home equity		101,818		94,141
Consumer other		8,095		8,069
Total loans		3,152,664		3,147,096
Allowance for credit losses		28,885		28,744
Net loans	$	3,123,779	$	3,118,352

Total unamortized net costs and premiums included in loan totals were as follows:


	June 30,		December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Net unamortized loan origination costs	$	2,149	$	1,982
Net unamortized fair value discount on acquired loans		(2,263)		(2,442)
Total	$	(114)	$	(460)

We exclude accrued interest receivable from the amortized cost basis of loans disclosed throughout this footnote. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, accrued interest receivable for loans totaled $12.2 million and $10.5 million, respectively, and is included in the “other assets” line item on the consolidated balance sheets.

Characteristics of each loan portfolio segment are as follows:

Commercial construction - Loans in this segment primarily include raw land, land development and construction of commercial and multifamily residential properties. Collateral values are determined based upon appraisals and evaluations of the completed structure in accordance with established policy guidelines. Maximum loan-to-value ratios at origination are governed by established policy guidelines that are more restrictive than on stabilized commercial real estate transactions. Construction loans are primarily paid by the cash flow generated from the completed structure, such as operating leases, rents, or other operating cash flows from the borrower.

Commercial real estate owner occupied and non-owner occupied - Loans in these segments are primarily owner-occupied or income-producing properties. Loans to real estate investment trusts and unsecured loans to developers that closely correlate to the inherent risk in commercial real estate markets are also included. Commercial real estate loans are typically underwritten with amortizing payment structures. Collateral values are determined based upon appraisals and evaluations in accordance with established policy guidelines. Maximum loan-to-value ratios at origination are governed by established policy and regulatory guidelines. Commercial real estate loans are primarily paid by the cash flow generated from the real property, such as operating leases, rents, or other operating cash flows from the borrower.

Tax Exempt - Loans in this segment primarily include loans to various state and municipal government entities. Loans made to these borrowers may provide us with tax-exempt income. While governed and underwritten similar to commercial loans they do have unique requirements based on established polices. Almost all state and municipal loans are considered a general obligation of the issuing entity. Given the size of many municipal borrowers, borrowings are normally not rated by major rating agencies.

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Commercial and industrial loans - Loans consist of revolving and term loan obligations extended to businesses and corporate enterprises for the purpose of financing working capital and/or capital investment in this segment. Generally, loans are secured by assets of the business such as accounts receivable, inventory, marketable securities, other liquid collateral, equipment and other business assets. Some loans in this category may be unsecured or guaranteed by government agencies such as the US Small Business Administration. Loans are primarily paid by the operating cash flow of the borrower.

Residential real estate - All loans in this segment are collateralized by one-to-four family homes. Residential real estate loans held in the loan portfolio are made to borrowers who demonstrate the ability to make scheduled payments with full consideration to various underwriting factors. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income requirements and combined loan-to-value ratios within established policy guidelines.

Home equity - All loans and lines of credit are made to qualified individuals and are secured by senior or junior mortgage liens on owner-occupied one-to-four-family homes, condominiums, or vacation homes. The home equity loan has a fixed rate and is billed as equal payments comprised of principal and interest. The home equity line of credit has a variable rate and is billed as interest-only payments during the draw period. At the end of the draw period, the home equity line of credit is billed as a percentage of the principal balance plus all accrued interest. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income requirements and combined loan-to-value ratios within established policy guidelines.

Consumer other - Loans in this segment include personal lines of credit and amortizing loans made to qualified individuals for various purposes such as auto loans, recreational equipment, overdraft protection or other consumer loans. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income and collateral requirements within established policy guidelines, as applicable.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The Allowance for Credit Losses (“ACL”) is comprised of the allowance for loan losses, the allowance for securities losses and the allowance for unfunded commitments which is accounted for as a separate liability in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. The level of the ACL represents management’s estimate of expected credit losses over the expected life of the loans at the consolidated balance sheet date.

The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of loans to present the net amount expected to be collected on the loans. Loans, or portions thereof, are charged off against the allowance when they are deemed uncollectible. Expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged off. The ACL is comprised of reserves measured on a collective (pool) basis based on a lifetime loss-rate model when similar risk characteristics exist. Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis, generally larger non-accruing commercial loans.

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The activity in the ACL for the periods ended are as follows:


	At or for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
	Balance at
	Beginning of								Balance at
(in thousands)	Period		Charge Offs		Recoveries		Provision		End of Period
Commercial construction	$	2,065	$	—	$	—	$	(33)	$	2,032
Commercial real estate owner occupied		2,830		—		—		(7)		2,823
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		10,923		—		—		57		10,980
Tax exempt		112		—		—		(2)		110
Commercial and industrial		5,414		(205)		1		454		5,664
Residential real estate		6,447		—		6		(47)		6,406
Home equity		744		—		2		40		786
Consumer other		79		(61)		—		66		84
Total	$	28,614	$	(266)	$	9	$	528	$	28,885


	At or for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
	Balance at
	Beginning of								Balance at
(in thousands)	Period		Charge Offs		Recoveries		Provision		End of Period
Commercial construction	$	2,096	$	—	$	—	$	(64)	$	2,032
Commercial real estate owner occupied		2,794		—		—		29		2,823
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		11,104		—		—		(124)		10,980
Tax exempt and other		128		—		—		(18)		110
Commercial and industrial		5,064		(244)		3		841		5,664
Residential real estate		6,732		—		10		(336)		6,406
Home equity		741		—		7		38		786
Consumer other		85		(106)		—		105		84
Total	$	28,744	$	(350)	$	20	$	471	$	28,885


	At or for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Balance at
	Beginning of								Balance at
(in thousands)	Period		Charge Offs		Recoveries		Provision		End of Period
Commercial construction	$	3,697	$	—	$	—	$	520	$	4,217
Commercial real estate owner occupied		3,081		—		—		(461)		2,620
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		9,155		—		—		419		9,574
Tax exempt		113		—		—		(3)		110
Commercial and industrial		3,834		(18)		16		150		3,982
Residential real estate		7,651		—		3		(138)		7,516
Home equity		752		—		1		10		763
Consumer other		72		(88)		1		88		73
Total	$	28,355	$	(106)	$	21	$	585	$	28,855

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	At or for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Balance at
	Beginning of								Balance at
(in thousands)	Period		Charge Offs		Recoveries		Provision		End of Period
Commercial construction	$	4,261	$	—	$	—	$	(44)	$	4,217
Commercial real estate owner occupied		2,863		(3)		—		(240)		2,620
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		9,443		—		—		131		9,574
Tax exempt and other		119		—		—		(9)		110
Commercial and industrial		3,259		(83)		17		789		3,982
Residential real estate		7,352		—		8		156		7,516
Home equity		767		—		4		(8)		763
Consumer other		78		(133)		29		99		73
Total	$	28,142	$	(219)	$	58	$	874	$	28,855

Unfunded Commitments

The ACL on unfunded commitments is recognized as a liability (other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets), with adjustments to the reserve recognized in other non-interest expense in the consolidated statements of income. The activity in the ACL on unfunded commitments for the periods ended was as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Beginning Balance	$	2,975	$	3,639	$	3,049	$	3,825
Provision for credit losses		—		—		(74)		(186)
Ending Balance	$	2,975	$	3,639	$	2,975	$	3,639

Loan Origination/Risk Management: We have certain lending policies and procedures in place designed to maximize loan income within an acceptable level of risk. Our Board of Directors reviews and approves these policies and procedures on a regular basis. A reporting system supplements the review process by providing management and the Board of Directors with frequent reports related to loan production, loan quality, and concentration of credit, loan delinquencies, non-performing loans and potential problem loans. We seek to diversify the loan portfolio as a means of managing risk associated with fluctuations in economic conditions.

Credit Quality Indicators: In monitoring the credit quality of the portfolio, management applies a credit quality indicator and uses an internal risk rating system to categorize commercial loans. These credit quality indicators range from one through nine, with a higher number correlating to increasing risk of loss. Consistent with regulatory guidelines, the Company provides for the classification of loans which are considered to be of lesser quality as special mention, substandard, doubtful, or loss (i.e. risk-rated 6, 7, 8 and 9, respectively). Residential, home equity and consumer loans are classified as performing or non-performing based on payment performance.

The following are the definitions of our credit quality indicators:

Pass: Loans we consider in the commercial portfolio segments that are not adversely rated, are contractually current as to principal and interest, and are otherwise in compliance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Management believes there is a low risk of loss related to these loans considered pass-rated.

Special Mention: Loans considered having some potential weaknesses, but are deemed to not carry levels of risk inherent in one of the subsequent categories, are designated as special mention. A special mention loan has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the institution’s credit position at some future date. This might include loans which may require a higher level of supervision or internal reporting because of: (i) declining industry trends; (ii) increasing reliance on secondary sources of repayment; (iii) the poor condition of or lack of control over collateral; or (iv) failure to obtain proper documentation or any other deviations from prudent lending practices. Economic or market conditions which may, in the future, affect the obligor may warrant special mention of the asset. Loans for which an

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adverse trend in the borrower's operations or an imbalanced position in the balance sheet which has not reached a point where the liquidation is jeopardized may be included in this classification. Special mention loans are not adversely classified and do not expose us to sufficient risks to warrant classification.

Substandard: Loans we consider as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness that jeopardizes liquidation of the debt. Substandard loans include those loans where there is the distinct possibility of some loss of principal, if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful: Loans we consider as doubtful have all of the weaknesses inherent in those loans that are classified as substandard. These loans have the added characteristic of a well-defined weakness which is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any, and calls into question the collectability of the full balance of the loan. The possibility of loss is high but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors, which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the loan, its classification as loss is deferred until its more exact status is determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral and refinancing plans. The entire amount of the loan might not be classified as doubtful when collection of a specific portion appears highly probable. Loans are generally not classified doubtful for an extended period of time (i.e., over a year).

Loss: Loans we consider as losses are those considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as an asset is not warranted and the uncollectible amounts are charged-off. This classification does not mean the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this worthless asset even though partial recovery may be effected in the future. Losses are taken in the period in which they are determined to be uncollectible.

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The following table presents our loans by year of origination, loan segmentation and risk indicator as of June 30, 2025:



(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Total
Commercial construction
Risk rating:
Pass	$	12,382	$	59,374	$	29,996	$	39,203	$	621	$	12,402	$	153,978
Special mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	12,382	$	59,374	$	29,996	$	39,203	$	621	$	12,402	$	153,978
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Commercial real estate owner occupied
Risk rating:
Pass	$	19,621	$	33,425	$	44,684	$	69,860	$	31,193	$	110,463	$	309,246
Special mention		—		—		111		—		700		2,136		2,947
Substandard		—		—		—		—		—		1,458		1,458
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		58		58
Total	$	19,621	$	33,425	$	44,795	$	69,860	$	31,893	$	114,115	$	313,709
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Commercial real estate non-owner occupied
Risk rating:
Pass	$	73,662	$	127,358	$	64,980	$	328,281	$	188,679	$	431,481	$	1,214,441
Special mention		—		25,351		698		32,284		33,722		19,033		111,088
Substandard		—		—		7,653		—		—		28,080		35,733
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	73,662	$	152,709	$	73,331	$	360,565	$	222,401	$	478,594	$	1,361,262
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Tax exempt and other
Risk rating:
Pass	$	1,055	$	2,896	$	2,656	$	6,243	$	507	$	22,052	$	35,409
Special mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,055	$	2,896	$	2,656	$	6,243	$	507	$	22,052	$	35,409
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Commercial and industrial
Risk rating:
Pass	$	40,087	$	66,365	$	48,157	$	49,570	$	10,758	$	94,359	$	309,296
Special mention		124		114		1,714		1,102		672		621		4,347
Substandard		80		707		67		369		236		720		2,179
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		389		389
Total	$	40,291	$	67,186	$	49,938	$	51,041	$	11,666	$	96,089	$	316,211
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		19		225		244


Residential real estate
Performing	$	15,284	$	41,680	$	59,981	$	162,985	$	149,283	$	426,279	$	855,492
Nonperforming		—		—		1,145		1,208		1,039		3,298		6,690
Total	$	15,284	$	41,680	$	61,126	$	164,193	$	150,322	$	429,577	$	862,182
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Home equity
Performing	$	8,654	$	19,714	$	15,539	$	13,419	$	6,303	$	37,252	$	100,881
Nonperforming		—		—		69		144		51		673		937
Total	$	8,654	$	19,714	$	15,608	$	13,563	$	6,354	$	37,925	$	101,818
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Consumer other
Performing	$	2,804	$	2,579	$	1,222	$	559	$	155	$	765	$	8,084
Nonperforming		—		—		7		—		2		2		11
Total	$	2,804	$	2,579	$	1,229	$	559	$	157	$	767	$	8,095
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		16		11		3		76		106

Total Loans	$	173,753	$	379,563	$	278,679	$	705,227	$	423,921	$	1,191,521	$	3,152,664

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The following table presents our loans by year of origination, loan segmentation and risk indicator as of December 31, 2024:



(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Total
Commercial construction
Risk rating:
Pass	$	34,320	$	27,251	$	55,825	$	771	$	4,404	$	9,046	$	131,617
Special mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	34,320	$	27,251	$	55,825	$	771	$	4,404	$	9,046	$	131,617
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Commercial real estate owner occupied
Risk rating:
Pass	$	42,705	$	46,869	$	60,102	$	29,808	$	20,761	$	96,123	$	296,368
Special mention		—		128		—		—		—		2,070		2,198
Substandard		—		—		—		—		—		3,442		3,442
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		66		66
Total	$	42,705	$	46,997	$	60,102	$	29,808	$	20,761	$	101,701	$	302,074
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		3		3

Commercial real estate non-owner occupied
Risk rating:
Pass	$	142,348	$	47,986	$	405,235	$	234,520	$	156,873	$	295,646	$	1,282,608
Special mention		—		—		—		20,446		3,913		26,969		51,328
Substandard		—		7,702		—		—		—		17,265		24,967
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	142,348	$	55,688	$	405,235	$	254,966	$	160,786	$	339,880	$	1,358,903
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Tax exempt and other
Risk rating:
Pass	$	11,026	$	2,669	$	6,283	$	602	$	178	$	23,517	$	44,275
Special mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	11,026	$	2,669	$	6,283	$	602	$	178	$	23,517	$	44,275
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Commercial and industrial
Risk rating:
Pass	$	79,211	$	62,047	$	47,739	$	12,154	$	32,239	$	65,002	$	298,392
Special mention		9		14,878		1,266		834		60		632		17,679
Substandard		128		72		408		221		—		2,866		3,695
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	79,348	$	76,997	$	49,413	$	13,209	$	32,299	$	68,500	$	319,766
Current period gross write-offs		—		48		28		62		18		31		187


Residential real estate
Performing	$	35,872	$	67,708	$	174,677	$	154,229	$	89,752	$	362,421	$	884,659
Nonperforming		—		194		458		—		—		2,940		3,592
Total	$	35,872	$	67,902	$	175,135	$	154,229	$	89,752	$	365,361	$	888,251
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Home equity
Performing	$	19,175	$	15,762	$	12,515	$	6,648	$	5,536	$	33,238	$	92,874
Nonperforming		—		—		198		53		—		1,016		1,267
Total	$	19,175	$	15,762	$	12,713	$	6,701	$	5,536	$	34,254	$	94,141
Current period gross write-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Consumer other
Performing	$	4,432	$	1,644	$	870	$	276	$	108	$	715	$	8,045
Nonperforming		—		8		—		1		—		15		24
Total	$	4,432	$	1,652	$	870	$	277	$	108	$	730	$	8,069
Current period gross write-offs		—		59		12		—		2		204		277

Total Loans	$	369,226	$	294,918	$	765,576	$	460,563	$	313,824	$	942,989	$	3,147,096

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Past Dues

The following is a summary of past due loans for the periods ended:


	June 30, 2025
(in thousands)	30-59		60-89		90+		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans
Commercial construction	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	153,978	$	153,978
Commercial real estate owner occupied		731		152		6		889		312,820		313,709
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		—		51		82		133		1,361,129		1,361,262
Tax exempt and other		—		—		—		—		35,409		35,409
Commercial and industrial		45		128		675		848		315,363		316,211
Residential real estate		773		1,627		3,191		5,591		856,591		862,182
Home equity		239		170		392		801		101,017		101,818
Consumer other		40		14		4		58		8,037		8,095
Total	$	1,828	$	2,142	$	4,350	$	8,320	$	3,144,344	$	3,152,664


	December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	30-59		60-89		90+		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans
Commercial construction	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	131,617	$	131,617
Commercial real estate owner occupied		—		—		6		6		302,068		302,074
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		184		—		93		277		1,358,626		1,358,903
Tax exempt and other		—		—		—		—		44,275		44,275
Commercial and industrial		428		227		578		1,233		318,533		319,766
Residential real estate		14,076		2,426		663		17,165		871,086		888,251
Home equity		963		441		193		1,597		92,544		94,141
Consumer other		35		20		1		56		8,013		8,069
Total	$	15,686	$	3,114	$	1,534	$	20,334	$	3,126,762	$	3,147,096

Non-Accrual Loans

The following is a summary of non-accrual loans for the periods ended:


	June 30, 2025
			Nonaccrual With No		90+ Days Past
(in thousands)	Nonaccrual		Related Allowance		Due and Accruing
Commercial construction	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate owner occupied		669		610		—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		82		—		—
Tax exempt and other		—		—		—
Commercial and industrial		1,345		530		—
Residential real estate		6,690		1,067		429
Home equity		937		1		—
Consumer other		11		1		—
Total	$	9,734	$	2,209	$	429

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	December 31, 2024
			Nonaccrual With No		90+ Days Past
(in thousands)	Nonaccrual		Related Allowance		Due and Accruing
Commercial construction	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate owner occupied		736		671		—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		277		184		—
Tax exempt and other		—		—		—
Commercial and industrial		1,099		295		—
Residential real estate		3,591		898		—
Home equity		1,267		1		2
Consumer other		24		1		—
Total	$	6,994	$	2,050	$	2

Our policy is to reverse previously recorded interest income when a loan is placed on non-accrual, as such, the Company did not record any interest income on its non-accrual loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Collateral Dependent Loans

Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. For loans that are individually evaluated and collateral dependent, financial loans where we have determined that foreclosure of the collateral is probable, or where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and we expect repayment of the financial asset to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, the ACL is measured based on the difference between the fair value of the collateral and the amortized cost basis of the asset as of the measurement date.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by loan portfolio segment for the periods ended:


	June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Real Estate		Other		Real Estate		Other
Commercial construction	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate owner occupied		630		—		736		—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		—		—		277		—
Tax exempt and other		—		—		—		—
Commercial and industrial		—		569		1,099		—
Residential real estate		1,355		—		3,591		—
Home equity		—		—		1,267		—
Consumer other		—		—		24		—
Total	$	1,985	$	569	$	6,994	$	—

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Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

In January 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” which eliminated the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. This guidance was applied on a prospective basis. Upon adoption of this guidance, we are no longer required to establish a specific reserve for modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Instead, these modifications are included in their respective category and a historical loss rate is applied to the current loan balance to arrive at the quantitative baseline portion of the ACL.

These modifications typically result from loss mitigation activities and could include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance, or other actions.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, by class and by type of modification.


(in thousands)	Principal Forgiveness		Payment Delay		Term Extension		Interest Rate Reduction		Combination Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension		% of Total Class of Loans
Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
Commercial construction	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate owner occupied		—		—		—		—		—	—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		—		—		—		—		—	—
Tax exempt and other		—		—		—		—		—	—
Commercial and industrial		—		—		38		—		—	0.01
Residential real estate		—		—		—		—		—	—
Home equity		—		—		—		—		—	—
Consumer other		—		—		—		—		—	—
Total	$	—	$	—	$	38	$	—	$	—	0.00	%

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
Commercial construction	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate owner occupied		—		—		—		—		—	—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		—		—		—		—		—	—
Tax exempt and other		—		—		—		—		—	—
Commercial and industrial		—		—		321		—		—	0.10
Residential real estate		—		—		—		—		—	—
Home equity		—		—		—		—		—	—
Consumer other		—		—		—		—		—	—
Total	$	—	$	—	$	321	$	—	$	—	0.01	%

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(in thousands)	Principal Forgiveness		Payment Delay		Term Extension		Interest Rate Reduction		Combination Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension		% of Total Class of Loans
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Commercial construction	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate owner occupied		—		—		—		—		—	—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		—		—		—		—		—	—
Tax exempt and other		—		—		—		—		—	—
Commercial and industrial		—		—		—		—		—	—
Residential real estate		—		—		—		—		—	—
Home equity		—		—		—		—		—	—
Consumer other		—		—		—		—		—	—
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	—	%

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Commercial construction	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate owner occupied		—		—		—		—		—	—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		—		—		—		—		—	—
Tax exempt and other		—		—		—		—		—	—
Commercial and industrial		—		—		—		—		—	—
Residential real estate		—		—		32		—		—	0.00
Home equity		—		—		—		—		—	—
Consumer other		—		—		—		—		—	—
Total	$	—	$	—	$	32	$	—	$	—	0	%

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The following table presents the financial effect of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.


	Weighted-Average Months of Payment Delay		Weighted-Average Months of Term Extension		Weighted-Average Interest Rate Reduction
Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
Commercial construction		—		—	—	%
Commercial real estate owner occupied		—		—	—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		—		—	—
Tax exempt and other		—		—	—
Commercial and industrial		—		2	—
Residential real estate		—		—	—
Home equity		—		—	—
Consumer other		—		—	—

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
Commercial construction		—		—	—	%
Commercial real estate owner occupied		—		—	—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		—		—	—
Tax exempt and other		—		—	—
Commercial and industrial		—		47	—
Residential real estate		—		—	—
Home equity		—		—	—
Consumer other		—		—	—


	Weighted-Average Months of Payment Delay		Weighted-Average Months of Term Extension		Weighted-Average Interest Rate Reduction
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Commercial construction		—		—	—	%
Commercial real estate owner occupied		—		—	—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		—		—	—
Tax exempt and other		—		—	—
Commercial and industrial		—		—	—
Residential real estate		—		—	—
Home equity		—		—	—
Consumer other		—		—	—

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Commercial construction		—		—	—	%
Commercial real estate owner occupied		—		—	—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		—		—	—
Tax exempt and other		—		—	—
Commercial and industrial		—		—	—
Residential real estate		—		64	—
Home equity		—		—	—
Consumer other		—		—	—

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Foreclosure

There were $198 thousand of residential mortgage loans collateralized by real estate that are in the process of foreclosure as of June 30, 2025. Residential mortgage loans collateralized by real estate that were in the process of foreclosure as of December 31, 2024 totaled $83 thousand.

Mortgage Banking

Loans held for sale at June 30, 2025 had an unpaid principal balance of $2.7 million and $1.2 million as of December 31, 2024. The interest rate exposure on loans held for sale is mitigated through forward sale commitments with certain approved secondary market investors. Forward sale commitments had a notional amount of $7.5 million at June 30, 2025, and $4.8 million at December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 8 for further discussion of forward sale commitments.

For the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, we sold $11.6 million and $8.8 million, respectively, of residential mortgage loans on the secondary market, which resulted in a net gain on sale of loans (net of costs, including direct and indirect origination costs) of $275 thousand and $216 thousand, respectively.

For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, we sold $21.4 million and $17.2 million, respectively, of residential mortgage loans on the secondary market, which resulted in a net gain on sale of loans (net of costs, including direct and indirect origination costs) of $449 thousand and $184 thousand, respectively.

We sell residential loans on the secondary market while primarily retaining the servicing of these loans. Servicing retained loans helps to maintain customer relationships and earn fees over the servicing period. Loans serviced for others are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The risks inherent in servicing assets relate primarily to level of prepayments that result from shifts in interest rates. We obtain third-party valuations of our servicing assets portfolio quarterly, and the assumptions are reflected in Fair Value disclosures.

NOTE 4. BORROWED FUNDS

Borrowed funds at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are summarized, as follows:


	June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
			Weighted				Weighted
(dollars in thousands)	Carrying Value		Average Rate		Carrying Value		Average Rate
Short-term borrowings
Advances from the FHLB	$	251,200	4.35	%	$	242,650	4.49	%
Other borrowings		4,977	0.18			7,062	0.19
Total short-term borrowings		256,177	4.27			249,712	4.35
Long-term borrowings
Advances from the FHLB		264	2.74			269	4.50
Subordinated borrowings		40,620	7.50			40,620	6.60
Total long-term borrowings		40,884	7.47			40,889	6.59
Total	$	297,061	4.71	%	$	290,601	4.75	%

Short-term debt includes FHLB advances with a remaining maturity of less than one year. We also maintain a $1.0 million secured line of credit with the FHLB that bears a daily adjustable rate calculated by the FHLB. There was no outstanding balance on the FHLB line of credit for the periods ended June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. There are no variable rate short-term FHLB borrowings.

We have the capacity to borrow funds on a secured basis utilizing the Borrower in Custody program, and the Discount Window at the Reserve Bank. At June 30, 2025, our available secured line of credit at the Reserve Bank was $102.9 million versus $105.6 million at December 31, 2024. We have pledged certain loans and securities to the Reserve Bank to support this arrangement.

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We maintain an unused unsecured federal funds line of credit with a correspondent bank that has an aggregate overnight borrowing capacity of $40.0 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. There was no outstanding balance on the line of credit as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Long-term FHLB advances consist of advances with a remaining maturity of more than one year. The advances outstanding at June 30, 2025 include no callable advances and amortizing advances of $264 thousand. There were no callable advances outstanding and $269 thousand of amortizing advances at December 31, 2024. All FHLB borrowings, including the line of credit, are secured by a blanket security agreement on certain qualified collateral, principally residential first mortgage loans and certain securities. There are no variable rate long-term FHLB borrowings.

A summary of maturities of FHLB advances as of June 30, 2025 is, as follows:


			Weighted Average
(in thousands, except rates)	Amount		Rate
2025	$	201,200	4.44	%
2026		50,000	4.03
Thereafter		264	2.74
Total FHLB advances	$	251,464	4.36	%

We executed a Subordinated Note Purchase Agreement with an aggregate of $40.0 million of subordinated notes (the “Notes”) to accredited investors on November 26, 2019. The Notes have a maturity date of December 1, 2029 and bear a fixed interest rate of 4.63% through December 1, 2024 payable semi-annually in arrears. From December 1, 2024 and thereafter the interest rate shall be reset quarterly to an interest rate per annum equal to the then current three-month Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus 3.27%. We have the option beginning with the interest payment date of December 1, 2024, and on any scheduled payment date thereafter, to redeem the Notes, in whole or in part upon prior approval of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“Federal Reserve”). During the fourth quarter of 2024 we paid down $20.0 million of the outstanding subordinated notes. As of June 30, 2025 we had an outstanding subordinated note balance of $20.0 million.

We also have $20.6 million in floating Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures (“Debentures”) issued by NHTB Capital Trust II (“Trust II”) and NHTB Capital Trust III (“Trust III”), which are both Connecticut statutory trusts. The Debentures issued on March 30, 2004 carry a variable interest rate of three-month SOFR plus 2.79%, and mature in 2034. The debt is callable by the Company at the time when any interest payment is made. Trust II and Trust III are considered variable interest entities for which we are not the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, Trust II and Trust III are not consolidated into our financial statements.

Repurchase Agreements

We can raise additional liquidity by entering into repurchase agreements at our discretion. In a security repurchase agreement transaction, we will generally sell a security, agreeing to repurchase either the same or substantially identical security on a specified later date, at a greater price than the original sales price. The difference between the sale price and purchase price is the cost of the proceeds, which is recorded as interest expense on the consolidated statements of income. The securities underlying the agreements are delivered to counterparties as security for the repurchase obligations. Since the securities are treated as collateral and the agreement does not qualify for a full transfer of effective control, the transactions do not meet the criteria to be classified as sales, and are therefore considered secured borrowing transactions for accounting purposes. Payments on such borrowings are interest only until the scheduled repurchase date. In a repurchase agreement, we are subject to the risk that the purchaser may default at maturity and not return the securities underlying the agreements. In order to minimize this potential risk, we either deal with established firms when entering into these transactions or with customers whose agreements stipulate that the securities underlying the agreement are not delivered to the customer and instead are held in segregated safekeeping accounts by our safekeeping agents.


(in thousands)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Customer Repurchase Agreements
US Government-sponsored enterprises	$	4,977	$	7,062
Total	$	4,977	$	7,062

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NOTE 5. DEPOSITS

A summary of time deposits is, as follows:


(in thousands)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Time less than $100,000	$	467,007	$	439,648
Time $100,000 through $250,000		220,004		203,962
Time $250,000 or more		207,761		186,664
Total	$	894,772	$	830,274

At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the scheduled maturities by year for time deposits are, as follows:


(in thousands)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Within 1 year	$	874,250	$	806,974
Over 1 year to 2 years		14,500		16,422
Over 2 years to 3 years		3,293		4,028
Over 3 years to 4 years		1,451		1,805
Over 4 years to 5 years		1,265		931
Over 5 years		13		114
Total	$	894,772	$	830,274

Included in time deposits are brokered deposits of $270.8 million and $256.0 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Also included in time deposits are reciprocal deposits of $64.1 million and $62.5 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

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NOTE 6. CAPITAL RATIOS AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

The Company and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the Federal Reserve and the FDIC. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

Under the capital rules, risk-based capital ratios are calculated by dividing Tier 1, common equity Tier 1, and total risk-based capital, respectively, by risk-weighted assets. Assets and off-balance sheet credit equivalents are assigned to one of several risk-weight categories, based primarily on relative risk. The rules require banks and bank holding companies to maintain a minimum common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.5%, a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 6.0% and a total capital ratio of 8.0%. In addition, a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0% is required. Additionally, the capital rules require a bank holding company to maintain a capital conservation buffer of common equity Tier 1 capital in an amount above the minimum risk-based capital requirements equal to 2.5% of total risk weighted assets, or face restrictions on the ability to pay dividends, pay discretionary bonuses, and to engage in share repurchases.

Under the FDIC’s prompt corrective action rules, an insured state nonmember bank is considered “well capitalized” if its capital ratios meet or exceed the ratios as set forth in the following table and is not subject to any written agreement, order, capital directive, or prompt corrective action directive to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure. The Bank must meet well capitalized requirements under prompt corrective action provisions. Prompt corrective action provisions are not applicable to bank holding companies.

A bank holding company is considered “well capitalized” if the bank holding company (i) has a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10.0%, (ii) has a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 6.0%, and (iii) is not subject to any written agreement order, capital directive or prompt corrective action directive to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure.

At June 30, 2025, the capital levels of both the Company and the Bank exceeded all regulatory capital requirements, and their regulatory capital ratios were above the minimum levels required to be considered well capitalized for regulatory purposes. The actual and required capital ratios are, as follows:


	June 30, 2025
					Minimum Required for					Minimum Required to
	Actual				Capital Adequacy purposes					be Well Capitalized
(in thousands, except ratios)	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
Company (consolidated)
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	$	463,198	13.76	%	$	269,309	8.00	%	$	N/A	N/A	%
Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets		394,719	11.73			151,486	4.50			N/A	N/A
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets		415,339	12.34			201,980	6.00			N/A	N/A
Tier 1 capital to average assets (leverage ratio)		415,339	10.37			160,279	4.00			N/A	N/A

Bank
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	$	460,827	13.72	%	$	268,633	8.00	%	$	335,792	10.00	%
Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets		428,968	12.77			151,107	4.50			218,265	6.50
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets		428,968	12.77			201,475	6.00			268,634	8.00
Tier 1 capital to average assets (leverage ratio)		428,968	10.72			160,105	4.00			200,131	5.00

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	December 31, 2024
					Minimum Required for					Minimum Required to
	Actual				Capital Adequacy purposes					be Well Capitalized
(in thousands, except ratios)	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
Company (consolidated)
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	$	454,960	13.47	%	$	270,206	8.00	%	$	N/A	N/A	%
Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets		386,548	11.45			151,918	4.50			N/A	N/A
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets		407,168	12.06			202,571	6.00			N/A	N/A
Tier 1 capital to average assets (leverage ratio)		407,168	10.30			158,123	4.00			N/A	N/A

Bank
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	$	452,823	13.44	%	$	269,538	8.00	%	$	336,922	10.00	%
Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets		421,031	12.50			151,571	4.50			218,936	6.50
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets		421,031	12.50			202,095	6.00			269,460	8.00
Tier 1 capital to average assets (leverage ratio)		421,031	10.66			157,985	4.00			197,482	5.00

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Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

Components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is, as follows:


(in thousands)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, before tax:
Net unrealized loss on AFS securities, net of reclassifications	$	(56,105)	$	(62,298)
Net unrealized loss on hedging derivatives		(6,427)		(3,368)
Net unrealized loss on post-retirement plans		(1,565)		(1,565)

Income taxes related to items of accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Net unrealized loss on AFS securities, net of reclassifications		13,403		14,557
Net unrealized loss on hedging derivatives		1,533		786
Net unrealized loss on post-retirement plans		352		352
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(48,809)	$	(51,536)

The following table presents the components of other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:


(in thousands)	Before Tax		Tax Effect		Net of Tax
Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
Net unrealized gain (loss) on AFS securities, net of reclassifications:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period	$	(868)	$	213	$	(655)
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		(1,996)		484		(1,512)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on AFS securities		1,128		(271)		857

Net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging derivatives:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period		(1,105)		263		(842)
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		—		—		—
Net unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedging derivatives		(1,105)		263		(842)

Net unrealized gain (loss) on post-retirement plans:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period		—		—		—
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		—		—		—
Net unrealized gain (loss) on post-retirement plans		—		—		—
Other comprehensive gain (loss)	$	23	$	(8)	$	15

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Net unrealized gain (loss) on AFS securities, net of reclassifications:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period	$	(3,457)	$	815	$	(2,642)
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		50		(12)		38
Net unrealized gain (loss) on AFS securities		(3,507)		827		(2,680)

Net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging derivatives:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period		(312)		73		(239)
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		—		—		—
Net unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedging derivatives		(312)		73		(239)

Net unrealized gain (loss) on post-retirement plans:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period		—		—		—
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		—		—		—
Net unrealized gain (loss) on post-retirement plans		—		—		—
Other comprehensive gain (loss)	$	(3,819)	$	900	$	(2,919)

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(in thousands)	Before Tax		Tax Effect		Net of Tax
Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
Net unrealized gain (loss) on AFS securities:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period	$	2,993	$	(378)	$	2,615
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		(3,200)		776		(2,424)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on AFS securities		6,193		(1,154)		5,039

Net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging derivatives:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period		(3,059)		747		(2,312)
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		—		—		—
Net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging derivatives		(3,059)		747		(2,312)

Net unrealized gain (loss) on post-retirement plans:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period		—		—		—
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		—		—		—
Net unrealized gain (loss) on post-retirement plans		—		—		—
Other comprehensive gain (loss)	$	3,134	$	(407)	$	2,727

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Net unrealized gain (loss) on AFS securities:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period	$	(6,054)	$	1,428	$	(4,626)
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		50		(12)		38
Net unrealized gain (loss) on AFS securities		(6,104)		1,440		(4,664)

Net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging derivatives:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period		(1,249)		294		(955)
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		—		—		—
Net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging derivatives		(1,249)		294		(955)

Net unrealized gain (loss) on post-retirement plans:
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period		22		(28)		(6)
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) realized in net income		—		—		—
Net unrealized gain (loss) on post-retirement plans		22		(28)		(6)
Other comprehensive gain (loss)	$	(7,331)	$	1,706	$	(5,625)

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The following table presents the changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax impacts, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:



	Net unrealized		Net unrealized		Net unrealized
	gain (loss)		gain (loss)		loss
	on AFS		on hedging		on pension
(in thousands)	Securities		derivatives		plans		Total
Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
Balance at beginning of period	$	(43,559)	$	(4,052)	$	(1,213)	$	(48,824)
Other comprehensive gain (loss) before reclassifications		(655)		(842)		—		(1,497)
Less: amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		(1,512)		—		—		(1,512)
Total other comprehensive gain (loss)		857		(842)		—		15
Balance at end of period	$	(42,702)	$	(4,894)	$	(1,213)	$	(48,809)

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Balance at beginning of period	$	(49,633)	$	(1,726)	$	(1,209)	$	(52,568)
Other comprehensive gain (loss) before reclassifications		(2,642)		(239)		—		(2,881)
Less: amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		38		—		—		38
Total other comprehensive gain (loss)		(2,680)		(239)		—		(2,919)
Balance at end of period	$	(52,313)	$	(1,965)	$	(1,209)	$	(55,487)

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
Balance at beginning of period	$	(47,741)	$	(2,582)	$	(1,213)	$	(51,536)
Other comprehensive gain (loss) before reclassifications		2,615		(2,312)		—		303
Less: amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		(2,424)		—		—		(2,424)
Total other comprehensive gain (loss)		5,039		(2,312)		—		2,727
Balance at end of period	$	(42,702)	$	(4,894)	$	(1,213)	$	(48,809)

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Balance at beginning of period	$	(47,649)	$	(1,010)	$	(1,203)	$	(49,862)
Other comprehensive gain (loss) before reclassifications		(4,626)		(955)		(6)		(5,587)
Less: amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		38		—		—		38
Total other comprehensive gain (loss)		(4,664)		(955)		(6)		(5,625)
Balance at end of period	$	(52,313)	$	(1,965)	$	(1,209)	$	(55,487)

The following tables presents the amounts reclassified out of each component of accumulated other comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,				Affected Line Item where
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024		Net Income is Presented
Net realized (losses) gains on AFS securities:
Before tax	$	(1,996)	$	50	$	(3,200)	$	50	Non-interest income
Tax effect		484		(12)		776		(12)	Tax expense
Total reclassifications for the period	$	(1,512)	$	38	$	(2,424)	$	38

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NOTE 7. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table presents the calculation of earnings per share:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
(in thousands, except per share and share data)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Net income	$	6,092	$	10,257	$	16,303	$	20,352

Average number of basic common shares outstanding		15,320,665		15,227,457		15,312,202		15,212,897
Plus: dilutive effect of stock options and awards outstanding		51,536		47,964		69,864		59,782
Average number of diluted common shares outstanding⁽¹⁾		15,372,201		15,275,421		15,382,066		15,272,679

Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.40	$	0.67	$	1.06	$	1.34
Diluted		0.40		0.67		1.06		1.33

(1)	Average diluted shares outstanding are computed using the treasury stock method.

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NOTE 8. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

We use derivative instruments to minimize fluctuations in earnings and cash flows caused by interest rate volatility. Our interest rate risk management strategy involves modifying the re-pricing characteristics of certain assets or liabilities so the changes in interest rates do not have a significant effect on net interest income. Thus, all of our derivative contracts are considered to be interest rate contracts.

We recognize our derivative instruments on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. On the date the derivative instrument is entered into, we designate whether the derivative is part of a hedging relationship (i.e., cash flow or fair value hedge). We formally document relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as our risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge transactions. We also assess, both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting the changes in cash flows or fair values of hedged items. Changes in fair value of derivative instruments that are highly effective and qualify as cash flow hedges are recorded in other comprehensive income or loss.

We offer derivative products in the form of interest rate swaps, to commercial loan customers to facilitate their risk management strategies. These instruments are executed through Master Netting Arrangements (“MNAs”) with financial institution counterparties or Risk Participation Agreements (“RPAs”) with commercial bank counterparties, for which we assume a pro rata share of the credit exposure associated with a borrower's performance related to the derivative contract with the counterparty.

Information about derivative assets and liabilities at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, follows:


	June 30, 2025
			Weighted
	Notional		Average		Fair Value		Location Fair
	Amount		Maturity		Asset (Liability)		Value Asset
	(in thousands)		(in years)		(in thousands)		(Liability)
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swap on wholesale funding	$	—		—	$	—	Other assets
Interest rate swap on variable rate loans		50,000		0.7		(1,188)	Other liabilities
Total cash flow hedges		50,000				(1,188)

Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap on securities		37,190		4.1		2,744	Other assets
Total fair value hedges		37,190				2,744

Economic hedges:
Forward sale commitments		7,450		—		(54)	Other liabilities
Customer Loan Swaps-MNA Counterparty		255,282		3.8		(7,678)	Other liabilities
Customer Loan Swaps-RPA Counterparty		170,194		5.3		(1,965)	Other liabilities
Customer Loan Swaps-Customer		425,476		4.4		9,643	Other assets
Total economic hedges		858,402				(54)

Non-hedging derivatives:
Interest rate lock commitments		5,193		0.1		238	Other assets
Total non-hedging derivatives		5,193				238

Total	$	950,785			$	1,740

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	December 31, 2024
			Weighted
	Notional		Average		Fair Value		Location Fair
	Amount		Maturity		Asset (Liability)		Value Asset
	(in thousands)		(in years)		(in thousands)		(Liability)
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swap on wholesale funding	$	25,000		0.3	$	261	Other assets
Interest rate swap on variable rate loans		50,000		1.2		(2,036)	Other liabilities
Total cash flow hedges		75,000				(1,775)

Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap on securities		37,190		4.6		3,969	Other assets
Total fair value hedges		37,190				3,969

Economic hedges:
Forward sale commitments		4,786		—		13	Other assets
Customer Loan Swaps-MNA Counterparty		240,031		4.3		(14,243)	Other liabilities
Customer Loan Swaps-RPA Counterparty		162,302		5.2		(286)	Other liabilities
Customer Loan Swaps-Customer		402,333		4.7		14,529	Other assets
Total economic hedges		809,452				13

Non-hedging derivatives:
Interest rate lock commitments		3,760		0.1		85	Other assets
Total non-hedging derivatives		3,760				85

Total	$	925,402			$	2,292

As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the following amounts were recorded on the consolidated balance sheets related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges:


				Cumulative Amount of Fair
	Location of Hedged Item on	Carrying Amount of Hedged		Value Hedging Adjustment in
	Balance Sheet	Assets		Carrying Amount
June 30, 2025
Interest rate swap on securities	Securities available for sale	$	29,208	$	(7,982)

December 31, 2024
Interest rate swap on securities	Securities available for sale	$	31,627	$	(5,563)

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Information about derivative assets and liabilities for three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
	Amount of			Amount of
	Gain (Loss)			Gain (Loss)
	Recognized in			Reclassified		Location of	Amount of
	Other		Location of Gain (Loss)	from Other		Gain (Loss)	Gain (Loss)
	Comprehensive		Reclassified from Other	Comprehensive		Recognized in	Recognized
(in thousands)	Income		Comprehensive Income	Income		Income	in Income
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swap on wholesale funding	$	(12)	Interest expense	$	—	Interest expense	$	17
Interest rate swap on variable rate loans		285	Interest income		—	Interest income		(459)
Total cash flow hedges		273			—			(442)

Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap on securities		(1,115)	Interest income		—	Interest income		278
Total fair value hedges		(1,115)			—			278

Economic hedges:
Forward commitments		—	Other income		—	Mortgage banking income		(46)
Total economic hedges		—			—			(46)

Non-hedging derivatives:
Interest rate lock commitments		—	Other income		—	Mortgage banking income		124
Total non-hedging derivatives		—			—			124

Total	$	(842)		$	—		$	(86)

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	Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Amount of			Amount of
	Gain (Loss)			Gain (Loss)
	Recognized in			Reclassified		Location of	Amount of
	Other		Location of Gain (Loss)	from Other		Gain (Loss)	Gain (Loss)
	Comprehensive		Reclassified from Other	Comprehensive		Recognized in	Recognized
(in thousands)	Income		Comprehensive Income	Income		Income	in Income
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swap on wholesale funding	$	(528)	Interest expense	$	—	Interest expense	$	828
Interest rate swap on variable rate loans		262	Interest income		—	Interest income		(585)
Total cash flow hedges		(266)			—			243

Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap on securities		28	Interest income		—	Interest income		371
Total economic hedges		28			—			371

Economic hedges:
Forward commitments		—	Other income		—	Mortgage banking income		31
Total economic hedges		—			—			31

Non-hedging derivatives:
Interest rate lock commitments		—	Other income		—	Mortgage banking income		90
Total non-hedging derivatives		—			—			90

Total	$	(238)		$	—		$	735

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	Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
	Amount of			Amount of
	Gain (Loss)			Gain (Loss)
	Recognized in			Reclassified		Location of	Amount of
	Other		Location of Gain (Loss)	from Other		Gain (Loss)	Gain (Loss)
	Comprehensive		Reclassified from Other	Comprehensive		Recognized in	Recognized
(in thousands)	Income		Comprehensive Income	Income		Income	in Income
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swap on wholesale funding	$	(200)	Interest expense	$	—	Interest expense	$	269
Interest rate swap on variable rate loans		656	Interest income		—	Interest income		(914)
Total cash flow hedges		456			—			(645)

Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap on securities		(2,768)	Interest income		—	Interest income		552
Total fair value hedges		(2,768)			—			552

Economic hedges:
Forward commitments		—	Other income		—	Mortgage banking income		(67)
Total economic hedges		—			—			(67)

Non-hedging derivatives:
Interest rate lock commitments		—	Other income		—	Mortgage banking income		153
Total non-hedging derivatives		—			—			153

Total	$	(2,312)		$	—		$	(7)

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	Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Amount of			Amount of
	Gain (Loss)			Gain (Loss)
	Recognized in			Reclassified		Location of	Amount of
	Other		Location of Gain (Loss)	from Other		Gain (Loss)	Gain (Loss)
	Comprehensive		Reclassified from Other	Comprehensive		Recognized in	Recognized
(in thousands)	Income		Comprehensive Income	Income		Income	in Income
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swap on wholesale funding	$	(866)	Interest expense	$	—	Interest expense	$	1,655
Interest rate swap on variable rate loans		151	Interest income		—	Interest income		(1,170)
Total cash flow hedges		(715)			—			485

Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap on securities		(240)	Interest income		—	Interest income		741
Total economic hedges		(240)			—			741

Economic hedges:
Forward commitments		—	Other income		—	Mortgage banking income		35
Total economic hedges		—			—			35

Non-hedging derivatives:
Interest rate lock commitments		—	Other income		—	Mortgage banking income		83
Total non-hedging derivatives		—			—			83

Total	$	(955)		$	—		$	1,344

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The effect of cash flow hedging and fair value accounting on the consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
	Interest and Dividend Income				Interest Expense
(in thousands)	Loans		Securities and other		Deposits		Borrowings		Non-interest Income
Income and expense line items presented in the consolidated statements of income	$	42,726	$	5,474	$	15,511	$	3,282	$	4,646

The effects of cash flow and fair value hedging:

Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swap on wholesale funding		—		—		—		17		—
Interest rate swap on variable rate loans		(459)		—		—		—		—

Gain (loss) on fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap on securities		—		278		—		—		—

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Interest and Dividend Income				Interest Expense
(in thousands)	Loans		Securities and other		Deposits		Borrowings		Non-interest Income
Income and expense line items presented in the consolidated statements of income	$	40,634	$	6,204	$	14,780	$	4,299	$	9,633

The effects of cash flow and fair value hedging:

Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swap on wholesale funding		—		—		—		828		—
Interest rate swap on variable rate loans		(585)		—		—		—		—

Gain (loss) on fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap on securities		—		371		—		—		—


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
	Interest and Dividend Income				Interest Expense
(in thousands)	Loans		Securities and other		Deposits		Borrowings		Non-interest Income
Income and expense line items presented in the consolidated statements of income	$	84,530	$	10,757	$	31,023	$	6,301	$	13,564

The effects of cash flow and fair value hedging:

Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swap on wholesale funding		—		—		—		269		—
Interest rate swap on variable rate loans		(914)		—		—		—		—

Gain (loss) on fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap on securities		—		552		—		—		—

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	Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Interest and Dividend Income				Interest Expense
(in thousands)	Loans		Securities and other		Deposits		Borrowings		Non-interest Income
Income and expense line items presented in the consolidated statements of income	$	80,104	$	12,557	$	29,312	$	7,535	$	18,219

The effects of cash flow and fair value hedging:

Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swap on wholesale funding		—		—		—		1,655		—
Interest rate swap on variable rate loans		(1,169)		—		—		—		—

Gain (loss) on fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap on securities		—		741		—		—		—

The effect of economic hedges and derivatives not designated as hedging instruments on the consolidated statements of income for three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:


	Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	in Non-interest Income	2025			2024	2025			2024
Economic hedges:
Forward commitments	Mortgage banking income	$	(46)	$	31	$	(67)	$	35

Non-hedging derivatives:
Interest rate lock commitments	Mortgage banking income		124		90		153		83

Cash flow hedges

Interest rate swaps on wholesale funding

As of June 30, 2025, we have no remaining interest rate swaps on wholesale borrowings. The agreement we entered into in April 2020 matured effective April 2025.

Interest rate swap on variable rate loans

We have an interest rate swap that effectively fixes our interest rate on $50 million at the daily SOFR rate plus 11 basis points of based loan assets at 0.806% plus the credit spread on the loans that reprices on a weighted average basis. The instrument is specifically designed to hedge the risk of changes in its cash flows from interest receipts attributable to changes in a contractually specified interest rate, on an amount of our variable rate loan assets equal to $50 million. We designated the swap as a cash flow hedge.

Fair value hedges

Interest rate swap on securities

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings. We utilize interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges to mitigate the effect of changing interest rates on the fair values of fixed rate callable securities available-for-sale. The hedging strategy on securities converts the fixed interest rates to SOFR based variable interest rates. These derivatives are designated as partial term hedges of selected cash flows covering specified periods of time prior to the call dates of the hedged securities. During 2019, we entered into eight swap transactions with a notional amount of $37.2 million designated as fair value hedges. These derivatives are intended to protect against the effects of changing interest rates on the fair values of fixed rate securities. The fixed rates on the transactions have a weighted average rate of 1.696%.

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Economic hedges

Forward sale commitments

We utilize forward sale commitments on residential mortgage loans to hedge interest rate risk and the associated effects on the fair value of interest rate lock commitments and loans originated for sale. The forward sale commitments are accounted for as derivatives. We typically use a combination of best efforts and mandatory delivery contracts. The contracts are loan sale agreements where we commit to deliver a certain principal amount of mortgage loans to an investor at a specified price on or before a specified date. Generally, we enter into contracts just prior to the loan closing with a customer.

Customer loan derivatives

We enter into customer loan derivatives to facilitate the risk management strategies for commercial banking customers. We mitigate this risk by entering into equal and offsetting loan swap agreements with highly rated third-party financial institutions. The loan swap agreements are free standing derivatives and are recorded at fair value in our consolidated balance sheets. We are party to MNAs with our financial institutional counterparties; however, we do not offset assets and liabilities under these arrangements for financial statement presentation purposes.

The MNAs provide for a single net settlement of all loan swap agreements, as well as collateral or cash funds, in the event of default on, or termination of, any one contract. Collateral is provided by cash or securities received or posted by the counterparty with net liability positions, respectively, in accordance with contract thresholds.

The below tables describe the potential effect of master netting arrangements on the consolidated balance sheets and the financial collateral pledged for these arrangements:


	Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheet
	Derivative				Cash Collateral
(in thousands)	Liabilities		Derivative Assets		Pledged		Net Amount
As of June 30, 2025
Customer Loan Derivatives:
MNA counterparty	$	(7,678)	$	7,678	$	—	$	—
RPA counterparty		(1,965)		1,965		—		—
Total	$	(9,643)	$	9,643	$	—	$	—


	Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheet
	Derivative				Cash Collateral
(in thousands)	Liabilities		Derivative Assets		Pledged		Net Amount
As of December 31, 2024
Customer Loan Derivatives:
MNA counterparty	$	(14,243)	$	14,243	$	—	$	—
RPA counterparty		(286)		286		—		—
Total	$	(14,529)	$	14,529	$	—	$	—

Non-hedging derivatives

Interest rate lock commitments

We enter into interest rate lock commitments (“IRLCs”) for residential mortgage loans, which commit us to lend funds to a potential borrower at a specific interest rate and within a specified period of time. IRLCs relate to the origination of residential mortgage loans that are held for sale and are considered derivative financial instruments under applicable accounting guidance. Outstanding IRLCs expose us to the risk that the price of the mortgage loans underlying the commitments may decline due to increases in mortgage interest rates from inception of the rate lock to the funding of the loan. The IRLCs are free standing derivatives, which are carried at fair value with changes recorded in non-interest income in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Changes in the fair value of IRLCs subsequent to inception are based on (i) changes in the fair value of the underlying loan resulting from the fulfillment of the commitment and (ii) changes in the probability when the loan will fund within the terms of the commitment, which is affected primarily by changes in interest rates and the passage of time.

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NOTE 9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table summarizes financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:


	June 30, 2025
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
(in thousands)	Inputs		Inputs		Inputs		Fair Value
Available for sale securities:
Obligations of US Government-sponsored enterprises	$	—	$	1,191	$	—	$	1,191
Mortgage-backed securities:
US Government-sponsored enterprises		—		182,654		—		182,654
US Government agency		—		133,379		—		133,379
Private label		—		18,292		—		18,292
Obligations of states and political subdivisions thereof		—		98,607		—		98,607
Corporate bonds		—		92,164		2,403		94,567
Loans held for sale		—		2,829		—		2,829
Derivative assets		—		12,387		238		12,625
Derivative liabilities		—		(10,831)		(54)		(10,885)


	December 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
(in thousands)	Inputs		Inputs		Inputs		Fair Value
Available for sale securities:
Obligations of US Government-sponsored enterprises	$	—	$	1,318	$	—	$	1,318
Mortgage-backed securities:
US Government-sponsored enterprises		—		177,316		—		177,316
US Government agency		—		103,916		—		103,916
Private label		—		39,564		—		39,564
Obligations of states and political subdivisions thereof		—		105,452		—		105,452
Corporate bonds		—		93,452		—		93,452
Loans held for sale		—		1,235		—		1,235
Derivative assets		—		18,759		98		18,857
Derivative liabilities		—		(16,565)		—		(16,565)

Securities Available for Sale: All securities and major categories of securities classified as available for sale are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs, unless otherwise disclosed. For these securities, we obtain fair value measurements from independent pricing providers. The fair value measurements used by the pricing providers consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market maker quotes and live trading systems. If quoted prices are not readily available, fair values are determined using matrix pricing models, or other model-based valuation techniques requiring observable inputs other than quoted prices such as market pricing spreads, credit information, callable features, cash flows, the US Treasury yield curve, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, default rates, and the securities’ terms and conditions, among other things. For securities where fair value is calculated using a discounted cash flow model or other market indicators are reported at fair value utilizing Level 3 inputs.

Corporate Bonds

At June 30, 2025, the Company held one corporate bond investment classified as available-for-sale for which the fair value was determined using unobservable inputs, resulting in a Level 3 classification under the fair value hierarchy. During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, management identified a change in the estimated future cash flows associated with this security. As a result, the Company recognized an impairment loss of $4.4 million and charged off an allowance for credit

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losses of $1.2 million. These losses were recorded in net gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities in the consolidated statements of income.

The fair value of the corporate bond was determined using a present value discounted cash flow approach. This method incorporated management’s current expectations about the timing and amount of future cash flows, which were adjusted for expected prepayments and credit-related losses. The revised cash flows were then discounted using the bond’s original effective interest rate. Unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement included the discount rate, expected cash flows, and loss severity. The discount rate reflects the original effective yield at the time of purchase, adjusted for changes in market conditions and issuer-specific risk. Expected cash flows were developed based on management’s assessment of the issuer’s current financial condition, forward-looking performance expectations, and relevant macroeconomic indicators. Loss severity was estimated based on the Company’s expectations regarding the potential shortfall in principal and interest in the event of default, taking into account the nature of the issuer’s collateral, if any.

Loans Held for Sale: The valuation of the Company’s loans held for sale are determined on an individual basis using quoted secondary market prices and are classified as Level 2 measurements.

Derivative Assets and Liabilities

Cash Flow Hedges: The valuations of our cash flow hedges are obtained from a third party. The pricing analysis is based on observable inputs for the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity and interest rate curves. The inputs used to value the cash flow hedges are all classified as Level 2 measurements.

Interest Rate Lock Commitments: We enter into IRLCs for residential mortgage loans, which commit us to lend funds to potential borrowers at a specific interest rate and within a specified period of time. The estimated fair value of commitments to originate residential mortgage loans for sale is based on quoted prices for similar loans in active markets. However, this value is adjusted by a factor which considers the likelihood of a loan in a lock position will ultimately close. The closing ratio is derived from internal data and is adjusted using significant management judgment. As such, IRLCs are classified as Level 3 measurements.

Forward Sale Commitments: We utilize forward sale commitments as economic hedges against potential changes in the values of the IRLCs and loans originated for sale. The fair values of mandatory delivery loan sale commitments are determined similarly to the IRLCs using quoted prices in the market place that are observable. However, closing ratios included in the calculation are internally generated and are based on management’s judgment and prior experience, which are not considered observable factors. As such, mandatory delivery forward commitments are classified as Level 3 measurements.

Customer Loan Derivatives: The valuation of our customer loan derivatives is obtained from a third-party pricing service and is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. The pricing analysis is based on observable inputs for the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity and interest rate curves. We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect our nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of the derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, we have considered the impact of MNAs and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings.

Although we have determined that the majority of the inputs used to value customer loan derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and counterparties. However, as of June 30, 2025, we assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of our derivative positions and determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of our derivatives. As a result, we determined that the derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

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The table below presents the changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:


	Assets (Liabilities)
	Interest Rate Lock		Forward		Corporate
(in thousands)	Commitments		Commitments		Bond
Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
Balance at beginning of period	$	114	$	(8)	$	—
Transfer into level 3 at the end of the period		—		—		2,403
Realized gain (loss) recognized in non-interest income		124		(46)		—
Balance at end of period	$	238	$	(54)	$	2,403

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Balance at beginning of period	$	56	$	(16)	$	—
Transfer into level 3 at the end of the period		—		—		—
Realized gain (loss) recognized in non-interest income		90		31		—
Balance at end of period	$	146	$	15	$	—

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
Balance at beginning of period	$	85	$	13	$	—
Transfer into level 3 at the end of the period		—		—		2,403
Realized gain (loss) recognized in non-interest income		153		(67)		—
Balance at end of period	$	238	$	(54)	$	2,403

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Balance at beginning of period	$	63	$	(20)	$	—
Transfer into level 3 at the end of the period		—		—		—
Realized gain (loss) recognized in non-interest income		83		35		—
Balance at end of period	$	146	$	15	$	—

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Quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs within Level 3 recurring assets and liabilities is, as follows:


	Fair Value				Significant
	June 30,		Valuation	Unobservable	Unobservable
(in thousands, except ratios)	2025		Techniques	Inputs	Input Value
Assets (Liabilities)
Interest Rate Lock Commitment	$	238	Pull-through Rate Analysis	Closing Ratio		94	%
			Pricing Model	Origination Costs, per loan	$	1.7
			Discount Cash Flows	Mortgage Servicing Asset		1.0	%

Forward Commitments		(54)	Quoted prices for similar loans in active markets	Freddie Mac pricing system		$101.2 to $103.6

Corporate bond		2,403	Discounted Cash Flows	Discount Rate		7.39	%
				Cash Flows		$0 to $2,403
				Loss Severity		57.5	%
Total	$	2,587

	Fair Value				Significant
	December 31,		Valuation	Unobservable	Unobservable
(in thousands, except ratios)	2024		Techniques	Inputs	Input Value
Assets (Liabilities)
Interest Rate Lock Commitment	$	85	Pull-through Rate Analysis	Closing Ratio		93	%
			Pricing Model	Origination Costs, per loan	$	1.7
			Discount Cash Flows	Mortgage Servicing Asset		1.0	%

Forward Commitments		13	Quoted prices for similar loans in active markets	Freddie Mac pricing system		$99 to $102.9
Total	$	98

At the end of the second quarter 2025 the Company transferred a corporate bond with a fair value of $2.4 million into level 3 due to a change in the fair value technique to using a present value discounted cash flow approach. This method incorporated management’s current expectations about the timing and amount of future cash flows, which were adjusted for expected prepayments and credit-related losses. The revised cash flows were then discounted using the bond’s original effective interest rate. Unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement included the discount rate, expected cash flows, and loss severity.

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Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

We are required, on a non-recurring basis, to adjust the carrying value or provide valuation allowances for certain assets using fair value measurements in accordance with GAAP. The following is a summary of applicable non-recurring fair value measurements:


									Fair Value
					Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended		Measurement Date as of
	Jun 30, 2025		Dec 31, 2024		June 30, 2025		June 30, 2025		June 30, 2025
	Level 3		Level 3		Total		Total		Level 3
(in thousands)	Inputs		Inputs		Gains (Losses)		Gains (Losses)		Inputs
Assets
Individually evaluated loans	$	3,583	$	3,224	$	147	$	359	June 2025
Capitalized servicing rights		6,729		7,285		(158)		(556)	June 2025
Premises held for sale		405		419		12		(14)	June 2025
Total	$	10,717	$	10,928	$	1	$	(211)

There are no liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

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Quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs within Level 3 non-recurring assets follows:


(in thousands, except ratios)	Fair Value June 30, 2025		Valuation Techniques	Unobservable Inputs	Range (Weighted Average)^(a)
Assets
Individually evaluated loans	$	2,554	Fair value of collateral-appraised value	Loss severity		10% to 65%
				Appraised value		$75 to $1,260

Individually evaluated loans		1,029	Discount cash flow	Discount rate		4.00% to 9.25%
				Cash flows		$295 to $493

Capitalized servicing rights		6,729	Discounted cash flow	Constant prepayment rate		7.19%
				Discount rate		10.06%

Premises held for sale		405	Fair value of asset less selling costs	Appraised value		$425
				Selling Costs		5%
Total	$	10,717

(a)	Where dollar amounts are disclosed, the amounts represent the lowest and highest fair value of the respective assets in the population except for adjustments for market/property conditions, which represents the range of adjustments to individual properties.



(in thousands, except ratios)	Fair Value December 31, 2024		Valuation Techniques	Unobservable Inputs	Range (Weighted Average)^(a)
Assets
Individually evaluated loans	$	2,733	Fair value of collateral-appraised value	Loss severity		10% to 65%
				Appraised value		$257 to $1,260

Individually evaluated loans		491	Discount cash flow	Discount rate		4.00% to 4.99%
				Cash flows		$497 to $501

Capitalized servicing rights		7,285	Discounted cash flow	Constant prepayment rate		6.52%
				Discount rate		10.06%

Premises held for sale		419	Fair value of asset less selling costs	Appraised value		$440
				Selling Costs		5%
Total	$	10,928

(a)	Where dollar amounts are disclosed, the amounts represent the lowest and highest fair value of the respective assets in the population except for adjustments for market/property conditions, which represents the range of adjustments to individual properties.

There were no Level 1 or Level 2 non-recurring fair value measurements for the periods ended June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

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Individually evaluated loans

Loans are generally not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Periodically, we record non-recurring adjustments to the carrying value of loans based on fair value measurements for partial charge-offs of the uncollectible portions of those loans. Non-recurring adjustments can also include certain impairment amounts for collateral-dependent loans calculated when establishing the ACL. Such amounts are generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral supporting the loan and, as a result, the carrying value of the loan less the calculated valuation amount does not necessarily represent the fair value of the loan. Real estate collateral is typically valued using appraisals or other indications of value based on recent comparable sales of similar properties or assumptions generally observable in the marketplace. However, the choice of

observable data is subject to significant judgment, and there are often adjustments based on judgment in order to make observable data comparable and to consider the impact of time, the condition of properties, interest rates, and other market factors on current values. Additionally, commercial real estate appraisals frequently involve discounting of projected cash flows, which relies inherently on unobservable data. Therefore, non-recurring fair value measurement adjustments relating to real estate collateral have generally been classified as Level 3. Estimates of fair value for other collateral supporting commercial loans are generally based on assumptions not observable in the marketplace and therefore such valuations have been classified as Level 3.

Capitalized loan servicing rights

A loan servicing right asset represents the amount by which the present value of the estimated future net cash flows to be received from servicing loans exceed adequate compensation for performing the servicing. The fair value of loan servicing rights is estimated using a present value cash flow model. The most important assumptions used in the valuation model are the anticipated rate of the loan prepayments and discount rates. Adjustments are only recorded when the discounted cash flows derived from the valuation model are less than the carrying value of the asset. Although some assumptions in determining fair value are based on standards used by market participants, some are based on unobservable inputs and therefore are classified in Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.

Other real estate owned (“OREO”)

OREO results from the foreclosure process on residential or commercial loans issued by the Company. Upon assuming the real estate, we record the property at the fair value of the asset less the estimated sales costs. Thereafter, OREO properties are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value less the estimated sales costs. OREO fair values are primarily determined based on Level 3 data including sales comparables and appraisals. There was no OREO as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Premises held for sale

Assets held for sale, identified as part of our strategic review and branch optimization exercise, were transferred from premises and equipment at the lower of amortized cost or fair value less the estimated sales costs. Assets held for sale fair values are primarily determined based on Level 3 data including sales comparables and appraisals.

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Summary of Estimated Fair Values of Financial Instruments

The estimated fair values, and related carrying amounts, of our financial instruments are included in the table below. Certain financial instruments and all non-financial instruments are excluded from disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented herein may not necessarily represent the underlying fair value of the Company.


	June 30, 2025
	Carrying		Fair
(in thousands)	Amount		Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	87,035	$	87,035	$	87,035	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		528,690		528,690		—		526,287		2,403
FHLB stock		12,695		n/a		n/a		n/a		n/a
Loans held for sale		2,829		2,829		—		2,829		—
Net loans		3,123,779		3,023,904		—		—		3,023,904
Accrued interest receivable		15,737		15,737		23		3,540		12,174
Derivative assets		12,625		12,625		—		12,387		238

Financial Liabilities
Non-maturity deposits	$	2,397,216	$	2,259,932	$	—	$	2,259,932	$	—
Time deposits		894,772		891,659		—		891,659		—
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		4,977		4,977		—		4,977		—
FHLB advances		251,464		251,267		—		251,267		—
Subordinated borrowings		40,620		45,542		—		45,542		—
Accrued interest payable		6,421		6,421		—		6,421		—
Derivative liabilities		10,855		10,885		—		10,831		54


	December 31, 2024
	Carrying		Fair
(in thousands)	Amount		Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	72,162	$	72,162	$	72,162	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		521,018		521,018		—		521,018		—
FHLB stock		12,237		12,237		—		12,237		—
Loans held for sale		1,235		1,235		—		1,235		—
Net loans		3,147,096		2,999,290		—		—		2,999,290
Accrued interest receivable		3,974		3,974		—		3,974		—
Cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance policies		81,858		81,858		—		81,858		—
Derivative assets		18,857		18,857		—		18,759		98

Financial Liabilities
Non-maturity deposits	$	2,437,414	$	2,282,389	$	—	$	2,282,389	$	—
Time deposits		830,274		828,068		—		828,068		—
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		7,062		7,062		—		7,062		—
FHLB advances		242,919		242,779		—		242,779		—
Subordinated borrowings		40,620		46,070		—		46,070		—
Derivative liabilities		16,565		16,565		—		16,565		—

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NOTE 10. REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

We account for our various non-interest revenue streams and related contracts in accordance with “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”). ASC 606 is based on the consideration specified in the contract with a customer and excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. Revenue is recognized when we satisfy our performance obligation, which is generally when services are rendered and can be either satisfied at a point in time or over time. We recognize revenue at a point in time that is transactional in nature. We recognize revenue over time that is earned as services are performed and performance obligations are satisfied over time.

A substantial portion of our revenue is specifically excluded from the scope of ASC 606. This exclusion is associated with financial instruments, including interest income on loans and investment securities, in addition to loan derivative income and gains on loan and investment sales.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following presents non-interest income, segregated by revenue streams in-scope and out-of-scope of Topic 606:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Non-interest income within the scope of ASC 606:
Trust management fees	$	3,865	$	3,745	$	7,324	$	6,987
Financial services fees		398		448		855		876
Interchange fees		1,850		1,895		3,771		3,865
Customer deposit fees		1,470		1,587		2,847		3,089
Other customer service fees		269		255		496		493
Total non-interest income within the scope of ASC 606		7,852		7,930		15,293		15,310
Total non-interest income not within the scope of ASC 606		(3,206)		1,527		(1,729)		2,533
Total non-interest income	$	4,646	$	9,457	$	13,564	$	17,843


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Timing of Revenue Recognition
Products and services transferred at a point in time	$	3,813	$	3,969	$	7,622	$	7,895
Products and services transferred over time		4,039		3,961		7,671		7,415
Total	$	7,852	$	7,930	$	15,293	$	15,310

Trust Management Fees

The trust management business generates revenue through a range of fiduciary services including trust and estate administration and investment management to individuals, businesses, not-for-profit organizations, and municipalities. These fees are primarily earned over time as we charge our customers on a monthly or quarterly basis in accordance with investment advisory agreements. Fees are generally assessed based on a tiered scale of the average monthly market value of assets under management. Certain fees, such as bill paying fees, distribution fees, real estate sale fees, and supplemental tax service fees, are recorded as revenue at a point in time upon the completion of the service.

Financial Services Fees

Bar Harbor Financial Services is a branch office of Osaic Institutions, Inc. (“Osaic”), a full-service third-party broker-dealer, conducting business under the assumed business name “Bar Harbor Financial Services.” Osaic is an independent registered broker-dealer and is not affiliated with the Company or its subsidiaries. We have a revenue sharing agreement with Osaic for any financial service fee income generated. Financial services fees are recognized at a point in time upon the completion of service requirements.

Interchange Fees

We earn interchange fees from transaction fees that merchants pay whenever a customer uses a debit card to make a purchase from their store. The fees are paid to the card-issuing bank to cover handling costs, fraud, bad debt costs and the

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risk involved in approving the payment. Interchange fees are generally recognized as revenue at a point in time upon the completion of a debit card transaction.

Customer Deposit Fees

The Customer Deposit business offers a variety of deposit accounts with a range of interest rates, fee schedules and other terms, which are designed to meet the customer's financial needs. Additional depositor-related services provided to customers include ATM, bank-by-phone, internet banking, internet bill pay, mobile banking, and other cash management services, which include remote deposit capture, ACH origination, and wire transfers. These customer deposit fees are generally recognized at a point in time upon the completion of the service.

Other Customer Service Fees

We have certain incentive and referral fee arrangements with independent third parties in which fees are earned for new account activity, product sales, or transaction volume generated for the respective third parties. We also earn a percentage of the fees generated from third-party credit card plans promoted through the Bank. Revenue from these incentive and referral fee arrangements are recognized over time using the right to invoice measure of progress.

Contract Balances from Contracts with Customers

The following table provides information about contract assets or receivables and contract liabilities or deferred revenues from contracts with customers:

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in contract assets or receivables and contract liabilities or deferred revenue on the consolidated balance sheets. For most customer contracts, fees are deducted directly from customer accounts and, therefore, there is no associated impact on the accounts receivable balance. For certain types of service contracts, we have an unconditional right to consideration under the service contract and an accounts receivable balance is recorded for services completed. When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue after control of the products or services is transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

Costs to Obtain and Fulfill a Contract

We currently expense contract costs for processing and administrative fees for debit card transactions. We also expense custody fees and transactional costs associated with securities transactions as well as third-party tax preparation fees. We have elected the practical expedient in ASC 340-40-25-4, whereby we recognize the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets we otherwise would have recognized is one year or less.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following is management’s discussion and analysis of the major factors that influenced our results of operations and financial condition as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and condensed notes thereto included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q as well as our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Form 10-K. The following discussion contains "forward-looking statements" that reflect our future plans, estimates, beliefs and expected performance. We caution that assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions or beliefs about future events may, and often do, vary from actual results and the differences can be material. Factors that could cause such differences are discussed in the sections titled "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements", “Part I, Item 1.A. Risk Factors” for the year ended December 31, 2024, and "Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors" in this Form 10-Q. All amounts, dollars and percentages presented in this Form 10-Q are rounded and therefore approximate.

GENERAL

The Company is a bank holding company headquartered in Maine, providing a broad array of banking and nonbanking products and services to businesses and consumers primarily within our three-state footprint. The Company's primary sources of revenue, through the Bank, are net interest income (predominantly from loans and investment securities) and noninterest income (principally fees and other revenue from financial services provided to customers or ancillary services tied to loans and deposits).

●

Liquidity remains strong, with cash and available for sale securities representing approximately 15% of our total assets at June 30, 2025. We maintain the ability to access sources of contingent liquidity at the FHLB and the Reserve Bank. We consider the Company's current liquidity position to be adequate to meet both short-term and long-term liquidity needs. Refer to “Liquidity and Cash Flows” for additional information.

●

Capital remains strong, with both the Company and the Bank well capitalized under regulatory guidelines at period end as further described in Note 6 – “Capital Ratios and Shareholders’ Equity” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.

●

Asset quality remains strong, with non-performing assets to total assets of 0.30% as of June 30, 2025 and net charge-offs of $257 thousand, reflecting our continued strong credit performance in the midst of a challenging environment.

On July 31, 2025, we completed our acquisition of Guaranty Bancorp, Inc. (“Guaranty”) and its bank subsidiary, Woodsville Guaranty Savings Bank (“Woodsville”).

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

Our accounting and reporting policies conform to GAAP and the prevailing practices in the financial services industry. However, we also evaluate our performance by reference to certain additional financial measures discussed in this Form 10-Q that we identify as being “non-GAAP financial measures.” In accordance with SEC rules, we classify a financial measure as being a non-GAAP financial measure if that financial measure excludes or includes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that have the effect of excluding or including amounts, as the case may be, in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP as in effect from time to time in the United States in our statements of income, balance sheets or statements of cash flows. Non-GAAP financial measures do not include operating and other statistical measures or ratios or statistical measures calculated using exclusively either financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, operating measures or other measures that are not non-GAAP financial measures or both.

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The non-GAAP financial measures that we discuss in this Form 10-Q should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the most directly comparable or other financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. Moreover, the manner in which we calculate the non-GAAP financial measures that we discuss in this Form 10-Q may differ from that of other companies reporting measures with similar names. You should understand how such other banking organizations calculate their financial measures similar or with names similar to the non-GAAP financial measures we have discussed in this Form 10-Q when comparing such non-GAAP financial measures.

QUARTERLY PERFORMANCE SUMMARY

Earnings (quarter ended June 30, 2025, compared to the same period of 2024 unless otherwise stated)

●

Second quarter 2025 GAAP net income of $6.1 million or $0.40 per diluted share and core earnings (Non-GAAP) of $10.8 million or $0.70 per diluted share compared to GAAP net income of $10.3 million and $0.67 per diluted share and core earnings (Non-GAAP) of $10.0 million or $0.66 per diluted share for the second quarter 2024.

●

Core return on assets (Non-GAAP) was 1.06% versus 1.02% and return on equity was 5.21% compared to 9.46%. Core return on assets (Non-GAAP) increased due to disciplined loan pricing and managed deposit costs. The decrease in the return on equity ratio is driven by the write-down of an available-for-sale debt security. See “Financial Position” for further discussion.

●

Net interest income was $29.9 million compared to $27.8 million and net interest margin (“NIM”) was 3.23%, versus 3.09%. The increase was primarily driven by yield expansion on loans.

●

Allowance to total loans decreased from 0.94% to 0.92% as net charge-offs on loans continue to be minimal and stable while credit quality continues to remain strong. Total non-accruing loans to total loans was 0.31% compared to the prior second quarter 2024 at 0.20%.

●

Non-interest income decreased $4.8 million to $4.6 million in the second quarter 2025 compared to $9.5 million in the same quarter 2024 primarily driven by the write-down of an available-for-sale security. Excluding the write-down, non-interest income increased $181 thousand or 1.9% in the second quarter of 2025 compared to the same quarter 2024.

●

Non-interest expenses increased $2.7 million to $26.5 million in the second quarter 2025 compared to $23.8 million in the second quarter 2024 driven by Acquisition, conversion expenses of $1.2 million driven by costs associated with the merger agreement entered into in the first quarter of 2025 with Guaranty. Salaries and benefits increased 3% or $414 thousand increase driven by cost of living increases. Occupancy and Equipment costs increased $229 thousand driven by increased computer processing, lease and tax expenses. Gains on sales of premises and equipment decreased $251 thousand in the current quarter driven by the sale of the Avery Lane property in the second quarter of 2024. Professional services increased $276 thousand driven by an increase in technology infrastructure, enhancements fees in the second quarter 2025 compared to the second quarter 2024. Marketing expenses increased $161 thousand driven by increased media and public relations.

●

The efficiency ratio was 62.10% compared to 62.78% reflecting net interest income growth from yield expansion on loans and continued discipline on loan and deposit pricing year over year.

Financial Position (June 30, 2025, compared to March 31, 2025 unless otherwise stated)

●

Total assets remained stable at $4.1 billion at the end of the first and second quarter 2025 primarily due to strategically optimizing wholesale borrowings to fund loan originations in anticipation of the expected onboarding of deposits from Woodsville.

●

Total cash and cash equivalents were $87.0 million at the end of the second quarter 2025, compared to $88.1 million at the end of the first quarter 2025. The change in cash balances was driven by new loan originations and investment purchases offset by loan pay downs and advances.

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Total loans increased to $3.2 billion with an increase of 4% annualized growth driven by a $30.2 million increase in loans within the commercial and industrial segment, and $5.1 million in commercial real estate. Residential real estate loans decreased $11.3 million offset by a $5.3 million increase in adjustable rate home equity lines of credit within the consumer segment. Loans held for sale grew $1.3 million as we experienced our usual seasonal increase in demand for mortgage products.

●

Available-for-sale debt securities increased to $528.7 million compared to $514.0 million at first quarter 2025 driven by purchases in government sponsored entity securities and higher coupon fixed-rate securities.

●

Total deposits remained stable at $3.3 billion at the second quarter of 2025 and the first quarter 2025 respectively. We witnessed a shift in deposit mix driven by the interest rate environment and wealth management brokerage transfers in the second quarter 2025 as money market deposits decreased $34.6 million offset by an increase of $32 million in time deposits driven by interest rates and an increase of $4.7 million in non-interest bearing demand deposits driven by seasonality.

●

Borrowings increased $56.5 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 to fund loan originations and purchase investments.

COMPARISON OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AT JUNE 30, 2025 AND DECEMBER 31, 2024

Cash and cash equivalents

Total cash and cash equivalents were $87.0 million at the end of the second quarter 2025, compared to $72.2 million at the end of the fourth quarter 2024. Interest-earning deposits held with other banks remained steady at the end of the second quarter 2025 at $36.1, compared to $37.9 million at the end of the fourth quarter and yielded 4.68% and 4.92%, respectively. The change in cash balances was driven by pay downs in loans and investments.

Securities

Securities available for sale was $528.7 million compared to $521.0 million in the fourth quarter 2024 driven primarily by purchases of $52.6 million, partially offset by $42.7 million in pay downs. The average yield of the total securities portfolio for the second quarter 2025 was 3.86% compared to 3.69% for the fourth quarter 2024 primarily due to the change in the profile of the yield curve and a shift from commercial lending obligation investments to agencies and higher coupon fixed-rate securities. Fair value adjustments were $64.1 million at the end of the second quarter 2025 compared to $62.3 million at the end of the fourth quarter 2024. As of the end of the second quarter 2025 and fourth quarter 2024, respectively, our securities portfolio maintained an average life of 8.4 and 9.0 years with an effective duration of 5.5 and 5.0 years. All securities remain classified as available for sale to provide flexibility in asset funding and other opportunities as they arise.

Management recorded an allowance for credit losses on two corporate notes where there was a change in future estimated cash flows during the year ended December 31, 2024. A discounted cash flow approach was used to determine the amount of the allowance. The cash flows expected to be collected, after considering expected prepayments, are discounted at the original effective interest rate. During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, management recognized impairment losses of $4.9 million on available-for-sale debt securities and other receivables. The losses were included in net gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities in the consolidated statements of income. The losses were driven by credit deterioration caused by fraudulent activity by the borrower on a security initially investment-grade. The remaining $1.2 million in provision was charged-off in the current quarter as the Company had determined that it no longer intended to hold the security until recovery of the amortized cost basis.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

Federal Home Loan Bank stock increased to $12.7 million at the end of the second quarter 2025 compared to $12.2 million at the fourth quarter 2024 driven by $6.5 million increase in advances to fund loan originations and investment purchases.

Loans

Total loans were $3.2 billion driven by timing of originations and payoffs in addition to the interest rate environment. Commercial loans increased 4% annualized driven by growth of $25.9 million in the commercial real estate portfolio and $12.3 million in the commercial and industrial segment at the second quarter of 2025 and the fourth quarter 2024 respectively.

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Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses on loans increased nominally by $141 thousand to $28.9 million at the end of the second quarter 2025 compared to $28.7 million at the end of the fourth quarter 2024. The allowance for credit losses to total loans coverage ratio was 0.92% at the end of second quarter 2025 compared to 0.91% at the end of the fourth quarter 2024. Strong asset quality metrics and general macroeconomic trends impact the loan portfolio and drive ACL levels. The decrease in residential loans continues to be the main driver as residential loans decreased $30.3 million at the second quarter of 2025 and the fourth quarter 2024 respectively. The decrease in residential loans is a strategic decision towards a higher-performing commercially focused community bank in addition to the increase in demand within the secondary marketplace for originated loans. Charge-offs and individually analyzed reserves on non-accruing loans are minimal supported by relatively strong collateral values.

Deposits

Total deposits remained flat at $3.3 billion at the second quarter of 2025 and the fourth quarter 2024 respectively. We witnessed a shift in deposit mix driven by the interest rate environment, expected seasonal outflows in non-interest bearing deposits and wealth management brokerage transfers in the second quarter 2025 as money market deposits decreased $35.1 million offset by an increase of $21.7 million in interest-bearing deposits and an increase of $64.5 million in time deposits driven by interest rates.

Borrowings

Senior borrowings increased $6.5 million at the second quarter 2025 compared to the fourth quarter 2024 to fund loan originations and purchase investments.

Equity

The Company's book value per share was $30.60 as of the end of the second quarter 2025 compared to $30.00 at the end of the fourth quarter 2024. Tangible book value per share (non-GAAP) was $22.58 at the end of the second quarter 2025, compared to $21.93 at the end of the fourth quarter 2024.

COMPARISON OF OPERATING RESULTS FOR THE THREE MONTHS AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025 AND JUNE 30, 2024

Net Income

Second quarter 2025 GAAP net income of $6.1 million or $0.40 per diluted share and core earnings (Non-GAAP) of $10.8 million or $0.70 per diluted share compared to GAAP net income of $10.3 million or $0.67 per diluted share and core earnings (Non-GAAP) of $10.0 or 0.66 per diluted share in the second quarter of 2024.

At June 30, 2025 GAAP net income of $16.3 million or $1.06 per diluted share and core earnings (Non-GAAP) of $21.2 million or $1.38 per diluted share compared to GAAP net income of $20.4 million or $1.33 per diluted share and core earnings (Non-GAAP) of $20.0 or 1.31 per diluted share in the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Net interest Margin for the second quarter 2025 was 3.23% compared to 3.09% for the second quarter ended 2024. The Net interest Margin for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was 3.20% compared to 3.12% for the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Interest and Dividend Income

Total interest and dividend income increased by 3.9% to $48.7 million in the second quarter 2025 compared to $46.8 million in the prior year primarily driven by the repricing of commercial adjustable-rate loans and a $112.2 million higher loan balances within the commercial portfolio. Yields on earning assets grew to 5.23% compared to 5.18% in the second quarter 2024. The yield on commercial real estate loans grew to 5.76% in the second quarter 2025 from 5.61% in the second quarter 2024. Total loan yield growth also experienced an increase in the residential real estate yield from 4.13% to 4.14% for the second quarter 2025, and the commercial and industrial yield decline from 6.76% in the second quarter of 2024 to 6.41% in the second quarter 2025.

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Total interest and dividend income increased by 3.8% to $96.2 million for the six months ended 2025 compared to $92.7 million in the prior year primarily driven by the same reasons noted for the quarter. Loans and a $112.2 million higher loan balances within the commercial portfolio. Yields on earning assets grew to 5.19% for the six months ended 2025 compared to 5.16% for the six months ended 2024. The yield on commercial real estate loans grew to 5.67% for the six months ended 2025 from 5.53% for the six months ended 2024. Total loan yield growth also experienced an increase in the residential real estate yield from 4.11% to 4.18% for the six months ended 2025, and the commercial and industrial yield decline from 6.71% for the six months ended 2024 to 6.49% for the six months ended 2025.

Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin

The net interest margin was 3.23% in the second quarter 2025 compared to 3.09% in same respective quarter 2024. As average loan balances grew $118.9 million year over year, the yield on loans grew 7 basis points to 5.48% in the second quarter 2025, up from 5.41% in the same quarter 2024. Costs of interest-bearing deposits decrease 7 basis points to 2.28% from 2.35% in the second quarter 2024 driven by the continued competitive pricing within the interest rate environment.

The net interest margin was 3.20% for the six months ended 2025 compared to 3.12% in same respective quarter 2024. As average loan balances grew $132.8 million year over year, the yield on loans grew to 5.45% for the six months ended 2025, up from 5.36% in the same period for 2024. Costs of interest-bearing deposits remained flat year over year for the six months ended at 2.30%.

Total interest expense decreased to $18.8 million in the second quarter 2025 compared to $19.1 million in the second quarter 2024 driven by a $1.0 million decrease in borrowing expenses driven by a decrease of $92.8 million in total borrowings partially offset with an increase in cost of funds. Average interest-bearing demand accounts and savings accounts increased $50.3 million in 2025 compared to the same quarter 2024. Average money market accounts increased $36.3 million for the period ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024. While the yield on interest-bearing demand increased to 1.44% in the second quarter 2025 compared at 1.39% in the second quarter 2024, money market yields decreased to 2.75% from 2.93% compounded with a decrease in yields on time deposits to 3.91% from 4.33% in the second quarter 2024.

Total interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was $37.3 million compared to $36.8 million for the same period ended 2024 driven by $1.7 million higher cost of funds on deposits driven a $166.5 million increase in average interest bearing deposits year over year offset by the same yield at 2.30% for both periods and lower borrowing costs. The increase in costs were partially offset by lower borrowing costs driven by a $73 million decrease in senior borrowing levels offset by higher rates year over year.

Provision for Credit Losses

The provision for credit losses on loans was $528 thousand in the second quarter 2025 compared to a provision of $585 thousand in the second quarter 2024 as credit quality continues to remain strong.

There was no provision for available-for-sale investments in the second quarter of 2025 and 2024. We have one nonaccrual corporate bond of $8.0 million that we have written-off $5.6 million as of June 30, 2025, of which $4.9 million is recognized in losses on available-for-sale debt securities. At December 31, 2024 we had $9.0 million of corporate bonds that we allocated $568 thousand in related allowance for credit losses. In the first quarter of 2025, a $1.0 million nonaccrual security matured and was transferred to a financing receivable non-cash asset. As of June 30, 2025, the Company had determined that it no longer intended to hold the security until the recovery of the amortized cost bases.

Non-Interest Income

Non-interest income was $4.6 million in the second quarter 2025 compared to $9.5 million in the same quarter 2024. The primary driver of the decrease is driven by the write down of an available-for-sale debt security previously discussed above. Other income increased $257 thousand increased primarily driven by MasterCard rebates received in the second quarter 2025.

Non-interest income for the six months ended 2025 was $13.6 million compared to $17.8 million for the same period ended 2024 driven by the write down of one available-for-sale debt security previous discussed above.

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Non-Interest Expense

Non-interest expenses increased $2.7 million to $26.5 million in the second quarter 2025 compared to $23.8 million in the second quarter 2024 driven by a 3% increase or $414 thousand increase in salaries and benefits driven by cost of living increases and timing on gains on sales of premises and equipment of $251 thousand in the current quarter driven by timing of the Avery Lane property sale in the second quarter of 2024. Acquisition, conversion expenses increased $1.2 million driven the announcement of the acquisition of Guaranty. Professional services increased $276 thousand driven by legal and consulting fees for technology infrastructure enhancements and other projects.

Non-interest expenses increased $3.8 million to $51.2 million for the six months ended 2025 compared to $47.3 million in the same period 2024 driven by $899 thousand in salaries and benefits attributed to cost of living increases and decreases in postretirement plan discount year over year driven by the interest rate environment. $356 thousand in timing of gains on premises and equipment, net as noted above. Professional services are $468 thousand higher for the six months ended 2025 at $1.1 million compared to $638 thousand for the same period 2024 driven by increased audit, legal and employee search fees.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense was $1.4 million in the second quarter 2025 compared to $2.5 million in the second quarter 2024, driven by lower pretax net income for quarter primarily due to the write-down of an available for sale debt security mentioned previously. The effective tax rate in the second quarter 2025 was 18.5%, compared to 19.8% in the same quarter of 2024. Income tax expense for the six month ended 2025 was $3.9 million compared to $5.1 million in the same period 2024. The effective tax rate for the six months ended 2025 was 19.2% compared to 20.0% for the same period 2024.

Liquidity and Cash Flows

Liquidity is measured by our ability to meet short-term cash needs at a reasonable cost or minimal loss. We seek to obtain favorable sources of liabilities and to maintain prudent levels of liquid assets in order to satisfy varied liquidity demands. Besides serving as a funding source for maturing obligations, liquidity provides flexibility in responding to customer-initiated needs. Many factors affect our ability to meet liquidity needs, including variations in the markets served by our network of offices, mix of assets and liabilities, reputation and credit standing in the marketplace, and general economic conditions.

The Bank actively manages its liquidity position through target ratios established under its Asset-Liability Management Policy. Continual monitoring of these ratios, by using historical data and through forecasts under multiple rate and stress scenarios, allows the Bank to employ strategies necessary to maintain adequate liquidity. The Bank's policy is to maintain a liquidity position of at least 8% of total assets. A portion of the Bank’s deposit base has been historically seasonal in nature, with balances typically declining in the winter months through late spring, during which period the Bank’s liquidity position tightens.

As of June 30, 2025, available same-day liquidity totaled approximately $1.0 billion, including cash, borrowing capacity at FHLB and the Federal Reserve Discount Window and various lines of credit. Additional sources of liquidity include cash flows from operations, wholesale deposits, cash flow from our amortizing securities and loan portfolios. As of June 30, 2025, we had unused borrowing capacity at the FHLB of $278.6 million, unused borrowing capacity at the Reserve Bank of $102.9 million and unused lines of credit totaling $41.0 million, in addition to $87.0 million in cash.

The Bank maintains a liquidity contingency plan approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors. This plan addresses the steps that would be taken in the event of a liquidity crisis, and identifies other sources of liquidity available to us. Our management believes the level of liquidity is sufficient to meet current and future funding requirements. However, changes in economic conditions, including consumer savings habits and availability or access to the brokered deposit market could potentially have a significant impact on our liquidity position.

Capital Resources

Please refer to “Comparison of Financial Condition at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 - Equity” for a discussion of shareholders’ equity together with Note 6 - “Capital Ratios and Shareholders’ Equity” in the unaudited consolidated

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financial statements. Additional information about regulatory capital is contained in the notes to the consolidated financial statements and in our most recent Form 10-K.

We expect to continue our current practice of paying quarterly cash dividends with respect to our common stock subject to our Board of Directors’ discretion to modify or terminate this practice at any time and for any reason without prior notice. We believe our quarterly dividend rate per share as approved by our Board of Directors, enables us to balance our multiple objectives of managing our business and returning a portion of our earnings to our shareholders. Historically, and a practice we intend to continue, our principal cash expenditure is the payment of dividends on our common stock, if as and when declared by our Board of Directors. Dividends were paid to our shareholders in the aggregate amount of $9.6 million and $8.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. All dividends declared and distributed by us will be in compliance with applicable state corporate law and regulatory requirements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We are, from time to time, a party to certain off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources, that may be material to investors.

Our off-balance sheet arrangements are limited to standby letters of credit whereby the Bank guarantees the obligations or performance of certain customers. These letters of credit are sometimes issued in support of third-party debt. The risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as the credit risk involved in extending loan facilities to customers, and such letters of credit are subject to the same origination, portfolio maintenance and management procedures in effect to monitor other credit products. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank upon issuance of a standby letter of credit, is based upon management's credit evaluation of the customer.

Our off-balance sheet arrangements have not changed materially since previously reported in our Form 10-K.

IMPACT OF NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Please refer to Note 1 – “Basis of Presentation - Recent Accounting Pronouncements” of the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q and Note 1 - “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements to our Form 10-K.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Our Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP and follow general practices within the industries in which we operate. The most significant accounting policies we follow are presented in Note 1—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements to our Form 10-K. Application of these principles requires us to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Most accounting policies are not considered by management to be critical accounting policies. Several factors are considered in determining whether or not a policy is critical in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements. These factors include among other things, whether the policy requires management to make difficult, subjective, and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and because it is likely that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions. The accounting policies which we believe to be most critical in preparing our Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in the section titled “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” included in our Form 10-K. There have been no significant changes in our application of critical accounting policies and estimates since December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 1 – “Basis of Presentation - Recent Accounting Pronouncements” of the consolidated financial statements for discussion of accounting pronouncements issued but yet to be adopted and implemented.

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SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following summary data is based in part on the unaudited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes and other information appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q or prior SEC filings.


	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30,						June 30,
	2025			2024			2025			2024
PER SHARE DATA
Net earnings, diluted	$	0.40		$	0.67		$	1.06		$	1.33
Adjusted earnings, diluted⁽¹⁾		0.70			0.66			1.38			1.31
Total book value		30.60			28.81			30.60			28.81
Tangible book value per share⁽¹⁾		22.58			20.68			22.58			20.68
Market price at period end		29.96			26.88			29.96			26.88
Dividends		0.32			0.30			0.62			0.58

PERFORMANCE RATIOS⁽²⁾
Return on assets		0.60	%		1.04	%		0.81	%		1.04	%
Adjusted return on assets⁽¹⁾		1.06			1.02			1.05			1.02
Pre-tax, pre-provision return on assets		0.79			1.36			1.05			1.34
Adjusted pre-tax, pre-provision return on assets ⁽¹⁾		1.39			1.33			1.37			1.32
Return on equity		5.21			9.46			7.03			9.39
Adjusted return on equity⁽¹⁾		9.19			9.25			9.14			9.22
Return on tangible equity		7.26			13.44			9.74			13.35
Adjusted return on tangible equity⁽¹⁾		12.66			13.15			12.61			13.12
Net interest margin, fully taxable equivalent^{(1) (3)}		3.23			3.09			3.20			3.12
Efficiency ratio⁽¹⁾		62.10			62.78			62.05			62.75

FINANCIAL DATA (In millions)
Total assets	$	4,112		$	4,034		$	4,112		$	4,034
Total earning assets⁽⁴⁾		3,789			3,726			3,789			3,726
Total investments		529			513			529			513
Total loans		3,153			3,064			3,153			3,064
Total allowance for credit losses		29			29			29			29
Total goodwill and intangible assets		123			124			123			124
Total deposits		3,292			3,140			3,292			3,140
Total shareholders' equity		469			439			469			439
Net income		6			10			16			20
Adjusted income⁽¹⁾		11			10			21			20

ASSET QUALITY AND CONDITION RATIOS
Net charge-offs (recoveries)⁽⁵⁾/average loans		0.03	%		0.01	%		0.03	%		0.01	%
Allowance for credit losses/total loans		0.92			0.94			0.92			0.94
Loans/deposits		96			98			96			98
Shareholders' equity to total assets		11.40			10.88			11.40			10.88
Tangible shareholders' equity to total tangible assets⁽¹⁾		8.67			8.06			8.67			8.06

(1)	Non-GAAP financial measure. Refer to the Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in this Form 10-Q for additional information.

(2)	All performance ratios are annualized and are based on average balance sheet amounts, where applicable.

(3)	Fully taxable equivalent considers the impact of tax-advantaged investment securities and loans.

(4)	Earning assets includes non-accruing loans and interest-bearing deposit with other banks. Securities are valued at amortized cost.

(5)	Current quarter annualized.

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CONSOLIDATED LOAN AND DEPOSIT ANALYSIS (UNAUDITED)

The following tables present the quarterly trend in loans by collateral type and deposits and accompanying growth rates as of June 30, 2025 on an annualized basis:

LOAN ANALYSIS


											Annualized
											Growth %
											Quarter		Year
(in thousands, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2025		Mar 31, 2025		Dec 31, 2024		Sep 30, 2024		Jun 30, 2024		to Date		to Date
Commercial real estate	$	1,767,206	$	1,762,132	$	1,741,223	$	1,677,310	$	1,634,658	1	%	3	%
Commercial and industrial		400,908		370,683		388,599		382,554		421,297	33		6
Total commercial loans		2,168,114		2,132,815		2,129,822		2,059,864		2,055,955	7		4

Residential real estate		796,184		807,514		826,492		836,566		854,718	(6)		(7)
Consumer		111,036		105,404		103,803		103,415		99,776	21		14
Tax exempt and other		77,330		78,507		86,979		81,890		53,732	(6)		(22)
Total loans	$	3,152,664	$	3,124,240	$	3,147,096	$	3,081,735	$	3,064,181	4	%	—	%

DEPOSIT ANALYSIS


											Annualized
											Growth %
											Quarter		Year
(in thousands, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2025		Mar 31, 2025		Dec 31, 2024		Sep 30, 2024		Jun 30, 2024		to Date		to Date
Non-interest bearing demand	$	552,074	$	547,401	$	575,649	$	604,963	$	553,067	3	%	(8)	%
Interest-bearing demand		931,854		930,031		910,191		913,910		882,068	1		5
Savings		542,579		551,280		545,816		544,235		544,980	(6)		(1)
Money market		370,709		405,326		405,758		380,624		359,208	(34)		(17)
Total non-maturity deposits		2,397,216		2,434,038		2,437,414		2,443,732		2,339,323	(6)		(3)
Time		894,772		862,773		830,274		817,354		801,143	15		16
Total deposits	$	3,291,988	$	3,296,811	$	3,267,688	$	3,261,086	$	3,140,466	(1)	%	1	%

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AVERAGE BALANCES AND AVERAGE YIELDS/RATES (UNAUDITED)

The following tables present average balances and average yields and rates on an annualized fully taxable equivalent basis for the periods included:


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2025						2024
	Average				Yield/		Average				Yield/
(in thousands, except ratios)	Balance		Interest⁽³⁾		Rate⁽³⁾		Balance		Interest⁽³⁾		Rate⁽³⁾
Assets
Interest-earning deposits with other banks	$	23,643	$	276	4.68	%	$	27,407	$	385	5.65	%
Available-for-sale debt securities		591,462		5,699	3.86			594,455		5,839	3.95
FHLB stock		11,804		212	7.20			12,324		199	6.49
Loans:
Commercial real estate		1,766,720		25,358	5.76			1,600,253		22,302	5.61
Commercial and industrial		469,816		7,504	6.41			468,052		7,867	6.76
Residential		804,469		8,303	4.14			865,412		8,879	4.13
Consumer		109,023		1,896	6.98			97,371		1,757	7.26
Total loans ⁽¹⁾		3,150,028		43,061	5.48			3,031,088		40,805	5.41
Total earning assets		3,776,937		49,248	5.23	%		3,665,274		47,228	5.18	%
Cash and due from banks		29,861						30,809
Allowance for credit losses		(28,786)						(28,567)
Goodwill and other intangible assets		123,062						123,994
Other assets		169,540						168,239
Total assets	$	4,070,614					$	3,959,749

Liabilities
Interest-bearing demand	$	906,557	$	3,246	1.44	%	$	858,657	$	2,962	1.39	%
Savings		545,304		962	0.71			542,950		875	0.65
Money market		392,034		2,686	2.75			355,731		2,589	2.93
Time		883,491		8,617	3.91			775,932		8,354	4.33
Total interest bearing deposits		2,727,386		15,511	2.28			2,533,270		14,780	2.35
Borrowings		271,410		3,282	4.85			378,121		4,299	4.57
Total interest bearing liabilities		2,998,796		18,793	2.51	%		2,911,391		19,079	2.64	%
Non-interest bearing demand deposits		545,308						546,448
Other liabilities		57,268						65,712
Total liabilities		3,601,372						3,523,551

Total shareholders' equity		469,242						436,198

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	4,070,614					$	3,959,749

Net interest spread					2.72	%					2.55	%
Net interest margin					3.23						3.09

(1)	The average balances of loans include non-accrual loans and unamortized deferred fees and costs.

(2)	The average balance for securities available for sale is based on amortized cost.

(3)	Fully taxable equivalent considers the impact of tax-advantaged securities and loans.

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	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025						2024
	Average		Interest		Yield/		Average		Interest		Yield/
(in thousands, except ratios)	Balance		⁽³⁾		Rate⁽³⁾		Balance		⁽³⁾		Rate⁽³⁾
Assets
Interest-earning deposits with other banks	$	26,759	$	590	4.45	%	$	34,010		920	5.44	%
Available-for-sale debt securities		589,329		11,206	3.83			579,639		11,591	4.02
FHLB stock		11,691		349	6.02			11,012		487	8.89
Loans:
Commercial real estate		1,763,833		49,561	5.67			1,581,490		43,489	5.53
Commercial and industrial⁽³⁾		469,599		15,102	6.49			466,890		15,585	6.71
Residential		811,660		16,842	4.18			874,013		17,883	4.11
Consumer		106,989		3,705	6.98			96,928		3,483	7.23
Total loans ⁽¹⁾		3,152,081		85,210	5.45			3,019,321		80,440	5.36
Total earning assets		3,779,860		97,355	5.19	%		3,643,982		93,438	5.16	%
Cash and due from banks		30,242						31,106
Allowance for credit losses		(29,834)						(28,363)
Goodwill and other intangible assets		123,161						124,101
Other assets		171,553						181,407
Total assets	$	4,074,982					$	3,952,233

Liabilities
Interest-bearing demand	$	913,495	$	6,424	1.42	%	$	879,122		5,962	1.36	%
Savings		546,470		1,917	0.71			547,604		1,738	0.64
Money market		394,886		5,423	2.77			372,961		5,575	3.01
Time		870,296		17,259	4.00			758,935		16,037	4.25
Total interest bearing deposits		2,725,147		31,023	2.30			2,558,622		29,312	2.30
Borrowings		267,536		6,301	4.75			340,333		7,535	4.45
Total interest bearing liabilities		2,992,683		37,324	2.52	%		2,898,955		36,847	2.56	%
Non-interest bearing demand deposits		553,246						550,734
Other liabilities		61,182						66,582
Total liabilities		3,607,111						3,516,271

Total shareholders' equity		467,871						435,962

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	4,074,982					$	3,952,233

Net interest spread					2.67	%					2.60	%
Net interest margin					3.20						3.12

(1)	The average balances of loans include non-accrual loans and unamortized deferred fees and costs.

(2)	The average balance for securities available for sale is based on amortized cost.

(3)	Fully taxable equivalent considers the impact of tax-advantaged securities and loans.

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RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES (UNAUDITED)

The following reconciliation table provides a more detailed analysis of these, and reconciliation for, each of non-GAAP financial measures:


		Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	Calculations	2025		2024			2025		2024
Net income		$	6,092	$	10,257	$	16,303	$	20,352
Non-recurring items:
Loss (gain) on available-for-sale debt securities⁽⁶⁾			4,942		(50)		4,942		(50)
Gain on sale of premises and equipment, net			3		(248)		93		(263)
Acquisition, conversion and other expenses			1,205		—		1,444		20
Income tax expense ⁽¹⁾			(1,492)		71		(1,572)		(61)
Total non-recurring items			4,658		(227)		4,907		(354)
Total adjusted income⁽²⁾	(A)	$	10,750	$	10,030	$	21,210	$	19,998

Net interest income	(B)	$	29,895	$	27,759	$	58,902	$	55,814
Plus: Non-interest income			4,646		9,457		13,564		17,843
Total Revenue			34,541		37,216		72,466		73,657
Loss (gain) on available-for-sale debt securities ⁽⁶⁾			4,942		(50)		4,942		(50)
Total adjusted revenue⁽²⁾	(C)	$	39,483	$	37,166	$	77,408	$	73,607

Total non-interest expense		$	26,538	$	23,842	$	51,189	$	47,330
Non-recurring expenses:
Gain on sale of premises and equipment, net			(3)		248		(93)		263
Acquisition, conversion and other expenses			(1,205)		—		(1,444)		(20)
Total non-recurring expenses			(1,208)		248		(1,537)		243
Adjusted non-interest expense⁽²⁾	(D)	$	25,330	$	24,090	$	49,652	$	47,573

Total revenue			34,541		37,216		72,466		73,657
Total non-interest expense			26,538		23,842		51,189		47,330
Pre-tax, pre-provision net revenue⁽²⁾	(S)	$	8,003	$	13,374	$	21,277	$	26,327

Adjusted revenue⁽²⁾			39,483		37,166		77,408		73,607
Adjusted non-interest expense⁽²⁾			25,330		24,090		49,652		47,573
Adjusted pre-tax, pre-provision net revenue⁽²⁾	(U)	$	14,153	$	13,076	$	27,756	$	26,034

(in millions)
Average earning assets	(E)	$	3,777	$	3,665	$	3,780	$	3,644
Average assets	(F)		4,071		3,960		4,075		3,952
Average shareholders' equity	(G)		469		436		468		436
Average tangible shareholders' equity⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	(H)		346		312		345		312
Tangible shareholders' equity, period-end⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	(I)		346		315		346		315
Tangible assets, period-end⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	(J)		3,989		3,910		3,989		3,910

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		Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	Calculations	2025			2024			2025			2024
(in thousands)
Common shares outstanding, period-end	(K)		15,322			15,232		15,322			15,232
Average diluted shares outstanding	(L)		15,372			15,275		15,382			15,273

Adjusted earnings per share, diluted⁽²⁾	(A/L)	$	0.70		$	0.66	$	1.38		$	1.31
Tangible book value per share, period-end⁽²⁾	(I/K)		22.58			20.68		22.58			20.68
Total tangible shareholders' equity/total tangible assets⁽²⁾	(I/J)		8.67			8.06		8.67			8.06

Performance ratios⁽⁴⁾
Return on assets			0.60	%		1.04		0.81	%		1.04	%
Core return on assets⁽²⁾	(A/F)		1.06			1.02		1.05			1.02
Pre-tax, pre-provision return on assets⁽²⁾	(S/F)		0.79			1.36		1.05			1.34
Adjusted pre-tax, pre-provision return on assets⁽²⁾	(U/F)		1.39			1.33		1.37			1.32
Return on equity			5.21			9.46		7.03			9.39
Core return on equity⁽²⁾	(A/G)		9.19			9.25		9.14			9.28
Return on tangible equity			7.26			13.44		9.74			13.35
Adjusted return on tangible equity⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	(A+Q)/H		12.66			13.15		12.61			13.12
Efficiency ratio^(1)(2)(5)	(D-O-Q)/(C+N)		62.10			62.78		62.05			62.75
Net interest margin, fully taxable equivalent⁽²⁾	(B+P)/E		3.23			3.09		3.20			3.12

Supplementary data (in thousands)
Taxable equivalent adjustment for efficiency ratio	(N)	$	706		$	528	$	1,423		$	1,051
Franchise taxes included in non-interest expense	(O)		141			191		272			261
Tax equivalent adjustment for net interest margin	(P)		560			389		1,128			777
Intangible amortization	(Q)		233			233		466			466

(1)	Assumes a marginal tax rate of 24.26% in the first and second quarters of 2025, 23.82% in the second quarter 2024 and 24.01% for the first quarter 2024.

(2)	Non-GAAP financial measure.

(3)	Tangible shareholders' equity is computed by taking total shareholders' equity less the intangible assets at period-end. Tangible assets is computed by taking total assets less the intangible assets at period-end.

(4)	All performance ratios are based on average balance sheet amounts, where applicable.

(5)	Efficiency ratio is computed by dividing core non-interest expense net of franchise taxes and intangible amortization divided by core revenue on a fully taxable equivalent basis.

(6)	The $4.9 million loss represents a $4.4 million loss on corporate debt securities and $549 thousand on a matured debt security.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market Risk

Market risk is the risk of loss in a financial instrument arising from adverse changes in market rates/prices, such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices. The most significant market risk that affects us is interest rate risk. Other types of market risk do not arise in the normal course of our business activities.

The responsibility for interest rate risk management oversight is the function of the Bank’s Asset and Liability Committee, or ALCO, chaired by the Bank’s Chief Financial Officer and composed of various members of the Bank’s senior management. ALCO meets regularly to review balance sheet structure, formulate strategies in light of current and expected economic conditions, adjust product prices as necessary, implement policy, monitor liquidity, and review performance against guidelines established to control exposure to the various types of inherent risk.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk can be defined as an exposure to movement in interest rates that could have an adverse impact on the Bank's net interest income. Interest rate risk arises from the imbalance in the re-pricing, maturity and/or cash flow characteristics of assets and liabilities. Management’s objectives are to measure, monitor and develop strategies in response to the interest rate risk profile inherent in the Bank’s balance sheet. The objectives in managing the Bank's balance sheet are to preserve the sensitivity of net interest income to actual or potential changes in interest rates, and to enhance profitability through strategies that promote sufficient reward for understood and controlled risk.

The Bank’s interest rate risk measurement and management techniques incorporate the re-pricing and cash flow attributes of balance sheet and off-balance sheet instruments as each relate to current and potential changes in interest rates. The level of interest rate risk, measured in terms of the potential future effect on net interest income, is determined through the use of modeling and other techniques under multiple interest rate scenarios. Interest rate risk is evaluated in depth on a quarterly basis and reviewed by ALCO and the Bank’s Board of Directors.

The Bank's Asset Liability Management Policy, approved annually by the Bank’s Board of Directors, establishes interest rate risk limits in terms of variability of net interest income under rising, flat, and decreasing rate scenarios. It is the role of the ALCO to evaluate the overall risk profile and to determine actions to maintain and achieve a posture consistent with policy guidelines.

Interest Rate Sensitivity Modeling:

The Bank utilizes an interest rate risk model widely recognized in the financial industry to monitor and measure interest rate risk. The model simulates the behavior of interest income and expense for all balance sheet and off-balance sheet instruments, under different interest rate scenarios together with a dynamic future balance sheet. Interest rate risk is measured in terms of potential changes in net interest income based upon shifts in the yield curve.

The interest rate risk sensitivity model requires that assets and liabilities be broken down into components as to fixed, variable, and adjustable interest rates, as well as other homogeneous groupings, which are segregated as to maturity and type of instrument. The model includes assumptions about how the balance sheet is likely to evolve through time and in different interest rate environments. The model uses contractual re-pricing dates for variable products, contractual maturities for fixed rate products, and product-specific assumptions for deposit accounts, such as money market accounts, that are subject to re-pricing based on current market conditions. Re-pricing margins are also determined for adjustable rate assets and incorporated in the model. Investment securities and borrowings with option provisions are examined on an individual basis in each rate environment to estimate the likelihood of exercise. Prepayment assumptions for mortgage loans are calibrated using specific Bank experience while mortgage-backed securities are developed from industry standard models of prepayment speeds, based upon similar coupon ranges and degree of seasoning. Cash flows and maturities are then determined, and for certain assets, prepayment assumptions are estimated under different interest rate scenarios. Interest income and interest expense are then simulated under several hypothetical interest rate conditions.

The simulation models a parallel and pro rata shift in rates over a 12-month period. Using this approach, we are able to produce simulation results that illustrate the effect that both a gradual “rate ramp” and a “rate shock” have on earnings expectations. Our net interest income sensitivity analysis reflects changes to net interest income assuming no balance sheet growth and a parallel shift in interest rates. All rate changes were “ramped” over the first 12-month period and then

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maintained at those levels over the remainder of the simulation horizon. Changes in net interest income based upon these simulations are measured against the flat interest rate scenario.

As of June 30, 2025, interest rate sensitivity modeling results indicate that the Bank’s balance sheet was asset sensitive over the one- and two-year horizons.

The following table presents the changes in sensitivities on net interest income for the periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:


Change in Interest Rates-Basis Points (Rate Ramp)	1 - 12 Months				13 - 24 Months
(in thousands, except ratios)	$ Change		% Change		$ Change		% Change
At June 30, 2025
-200	$	(7,185)	(5.6)	%	$	(16,885)	(12.2)	%
-100		(3,003)	(2.3)			(7,570)	(5.5)
+100		2,903	2.3			6,575	4.7
+200		5,711	4.4			12,735	9.2
At June 30, 2024
-200	$	(5,543)	(4.6)	%	$	(12,859)	(9.9)	%
-100		(3,000)	(2.5)			(6,352)	(4.9)
+100		2,192	1.8			4,625	3.5
+200		4,367	3.6			8,865	6.8

Assuming short-term and long-term interest rates decline 200 basis points from current levels (i.e., a parallel yield curve shift) over the next twelve months and the Bank’s balance sheet structure and size remain at current levels, management believes net interest income will deteriorate over the one year horizon while deteriorating further from that level over the two-year horizon.

Assuming short-term and long-term interest rates increase 200 basis points from current levels (i.e., a parallel yield curve shift) over the next twelve months and the Bank’s balance sheet structure and size remain at current levels, management believes net interest income will improve over the one year horizon while improving further from that level over the two-year horizon.

As compared to June 30, 2024, asset sensitivity has increased in both year one and year two.

The preceding sensitivity analysis does not represent a forecast and should not be relied upon as being indicative of expected operating results. These hypothetical estimates are based upon numerous assumptions including: the nature and timing of interest rate levels and yield curve shape, prepayment speeds on loans and securities, deposit rates, pricing decisions on loans and deposits, reinvestment or replacement of asset and liability cash flows, and renegotiated loan terms with borrowers. While assumptions are developed based upon current economic and local market conditions, we cannot make any assurances as to the predictive nature of these assumptions including how customer preferences or competitor influences might change.

As market conditions vary from those assumed in the sensitivity analysis, actual results may also differ due to: prepayment and refinancing levels deviating from those assumed; the impact of interest rate changes, caps or floors on adjustable rate assets; the potential effect of changing debt service levels on customers with adjustable rate loans; depositor early withdrawals and product preference changes; and other such variables. The sensitivity analysis also does not reflect additional actions that the Bank’s Senior Executive Team and Board of Directors might take in responding to or anticipating changes in interest rates, and the anticipated impact on the Bank’s net interest income.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a)	Disclosure controls and procedures.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our senior management, consisting of our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of

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the period covered by this Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, concluded that as of June 30, 2025, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the reports that we file under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. Our disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by using our Exchange Act reports is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

(b)	Changes in internal control over financial reporting.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We and our subsidiaries are parties to certain ordinary routine litigation incidental to the normal conduct of their respective businesses. Although the Company is not able to predict the outcome of such actions, at this time, in the opinion of management, the likelihood is remote that the impact of such proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position as a whole. However, one or more unfavorable outcomes in any claim or litigation against us could have a material adverse effect for the period in which they are resolved. In addition, regardless of their merits or their ultimate outcomes, such matters are costly, divert management’s attention and may materially adversely affect our reputation, even if resolved in our favor.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Except as set forth below, there were no material changes to the risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our Form 10-K.

The Company may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of its previously announced merger with Guaranty Bancorp, Inc.

The Company and Guaranty entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of March 11, 2025 (the “Merger Agreement”), pursuant to which Guaranty will merge with and into the Company (the “Merger”). The Company and Guaranty have operated independently and will continue to do so until the completion of the Merger. The success of the Merger, including anticipated benefits and cost savings, will depend on, among other things, the Company’s ability to successfully combine the businesses of the Company and Guaranty, including by minimizing any disruptions to the existing customer relationships and business functions of the Company or Guaranty, and avoiding any inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies. If the Company is not able successfully to achieve these objectives, the anticipated benefits of the Merger may not be realized fully, or at all, or may take longer to realize than expected. Failure to achieve these anticipated benefits could result in increased costs, decreases in the amount of expected revenues and diversion of management’s time and energy and could have an adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results and prospects.

The Company will incur integration costs in connection with the Merger.

The Company will incur integration costs following the completion of the Merger, including facilities and systems consolidation costs and employment-related costs. There can be no assurances that the expected benefits and efficiencies related to the integration of the businesses will be realized to offset these transaction and integration costs over time. The Company may also incur additional costs to maintain employee morale and to retain key employees.

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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

No unregistered equity securities were sold by the Company during the quarter ended June 30, 2025.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, no director or officer (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) of the Company adopted or terminated any "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" as such terms are defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS




31.1*	Certification of Chief Executive Officer under Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)

31.2*	Certification of Chief Financial Officer under Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)

32.1**	Certification of Chief Executive Officer under 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1350

32.2**	Certification of Chief Financial Officer under 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1350

101*	The following financial information from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 is formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (iXBRL): (i) Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*Filed herewith

**Furnished herewith

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	BAR HARBOR BANKSHARES


Dated: August 6, 2025	By:	/s/ Curtis C. Simard
		Curtis C. Simard
		President & Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)


Dated: August 6, 2025		/s/ Josephine Iannelli
		Josephine Iannelli
		Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)