​

​

3 months ended June 30,

6 months ended June 30,

​

2025

2024

2025

2024

​

​

£ 000

​

£ 000

​

£ 000

​

£ 000

Research and development staff costs (excluding share-based payment expenses)

​

8,336

​

6,844

​

15,324

​

12,680

Research and development consultancy

​

1,202

​

4,256

​

3,134

​

7,395

Research and development components, parts and tooling

​

2,036

6,867

4,333

11,876

Total research and development expenses

​

11,574

​

17,967

​

22,791

​

31,951

Administrative staff costs (excluding share-based payment expenses)

​

3,195

​

2,331

​

6,050

​

4,687

Share based payment expenses (note 5)

​

2,063

​

2,856

​

3,207

​

4,785

Consultancy costs

​

1,025

544

1,641

1,173

Legal and financial advisory costs

​

1,063

717

1,781

1,771

HR advisory and recruitment costs

​

627

​

229

​

822

​

349

IT hardware and software costs

​

1,906

1,819

3,767

3,407

Insurance expenses

​

592

33

1,178

152

Marketing costs

​

433

696

585

774

Premises expenses

​

414

566

902

1,144

Depreciation expense

​

252

289

466

558

Amortization expense

​

51

263

107

536

Depreciation on right of use property assets

​

202

​

157

​

360

​

326

Other administrative expenses

​

789

743

1,235

1,048

Total administrative costs

​

12,612

​

11,243

​

22,101

​

20,710

Related party administrative expenses

​

57

​

21

​

151

​

42

Total administrative and research and development expenses

​

24,243

29,231

45,043

52,703