Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments | NOTE 9 FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Fair values of financial instruments are management's estimate of the values at which the instruments could be exchanged in a transaction between willing parties. These estimates are subjective and may vary significantly from amounts that would be realized in actual transactions. In addition, other significant assets are not considered financial assets including deferred tax assets, bank premises and equipment and intangibles. Further, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on the fair value estimates and have not been considered in any of the estimates. Fair Value Measurements: In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs use quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access. Available-for-sale securities, when quoted prices are available in an active market, are valued using the quoted price and are classified as Level 1. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs use other inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly. These Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and other inputs such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Available-for-sale securities classified as Level 2 are valued using the prices obtained from an independent pricing service. The prices are not adjusted. Securities of obligations of state and political subdivisions are valued using a type of matrix, or grid, pricing in which securities are benchmarked against the treasury rate based on credit rating. Substantially all assumptions used by the independent pricing service are observable in the marketplace, can be derived from observable data, or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. Interest rate swaps classified as Level 2 are valued using the prices obtained from an independent pricing service and not adjusted. The fair value of interest rate swaps with a positive fair value are reported as assets while interest rate swaps with a negative fair value are reported as liabilities. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs, including inputs that are available in situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the related asset or liability. The Bank holds three local municipals that the Bank evaluates based on the credit strength of the underlying project. The fair value is determined by valuing similar credit payment streams at similar rates. In instances where inputs used to measure fair value fall into different levels in the above fair value hierarchy, fair value measurements in their entirety are categorized based on the lowest level input that is significant to the valuation. The Company's assessment of the significance of particular inputs to these fair value measurements requires judgment and considers factors specific to each asset. The following summarizes financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, segregated by level within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:
The following tables represent the changes in the Level 3 fair-value category of which unobservable inputs are relied upon as of the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024.
Most of the Company's available-for-sale securities, including any bonds issued by local municipalities, have CUSIP numbers or have similar characteristics of those in the municipal markets, making them marketable and comparable as Level 2. The Company also has assets that, under certain conditions, are subject to measurement at fair value on a non-recurring basis. At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, such assets consist of collateral dependent loans and loan servicing rights. Collateral dependent loans categorized as Level 3 assets consist of non-homogeneous loans that have expected credit losses. The Company may also estimate the fair value of certain nonperforming loans using a discounted cash flow method of future cash flows using management's best estimate of key assumptions. These assumptions include future payment ability, timing of payment streams, and estimated realizable values of available collateral (typically based on outside appraisals.) At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, fair value of collateral dependent loans categorized as Level 3 was $3.6 million and $3.0 million, respectively. The specific allocation for collateral dependent loans was $91 thousand as of June 30, 2025 and $52 thousand as of December 31, 2024. The specific allocations are accounted for in the allowance for credit losses (see Note 4). During 2025 and 2024, impairment was recognized on loan servicing rights based upon the independent third party's quarterly valuation. A valuation allowance was established by strata to quantify the likely impairment of the value of the loan servicing rights to the Company. If the carrying amount of an individual strata exceeds the fair value, impairment was recorded on that strata so the servicing asset was carried at fair value. Impairment was $87 thousand ($3 thousand on 1-4 family real estate loans and $84 thousand on agricultural real estate loans) at June 30, 2025 compared to $97 thousand ($2 thousand on 1-4 family real estate loans and $95 thousand on agricultural real estate loans) at December 31, 2024. The following table presents assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
The following table presents quantitative information about unobservable inputs used in recurring and nonrecurring Level 3 fair value measurements:
The estimated fair values, and related carrying or notional amounts, for on and off-balance sheet financial instruments as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are reflected below. The aggregate fair values in the table below do not represent the total fair value of the Bank’s assets and liabilities. The table excludes the following: available-for-sale securities, premises and equipment, derivatives (which are included in other assets or other liabilities), goodwill, loan servicing rights, bank owned life insurance, other assets, dividends payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities.
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