v3.25.2
EMPLOYEE STOCK BENEFIT PLANS
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
EMPLOYEE STOCK BENEFIT PLANS EMPLOYEE STOCK BENEFIT PLANS
Stock-based compensation expense was as follows:
 Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
Dollars in millions2025202420252024
Cost of products sold$16 $14 $31 $28 
Selling, general and administrative
56 48 112 101 
Research and development66 63 138 129 
Total stock-based compensation expense
$138 $125 $281 $258 
Income tax benefit(a)
$29 $27 $59 $55 
(a)    Income tax benefit excludes excess tax (deficiencies)/benefits from share-based compensation awards that were vested or exercised of $(2) million and $2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and ($3) million and ($20) million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively.

The number of units granted and the weighted-average fair value on the grant date for the six months ended June 30, 2025 were as follows:
Units in millionsUnitsWeighted-Average Fair Value
Restricted stock units12.0 $56.74 
Market share units1.1 $71.38 
Performance share units0.5 $62.72 
Dollars in millionsRestricted Stock UnitsMarket Share UnitsPerformance Share Units
Unrecognized compensation cost$1,123 $107 $73 
Expected weighted-average period in years of compensation cost to be recognized2.82.31.8