v3.25.2
Report of the directors financial review risk report - The consensus Central scenario (Details)
6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP growth rate, 5 year average 2.50%  
Forecast period 5 years  
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | UK    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP growth rate, 5 year average 1.40% 1.50%
Unemployment rate, 5 year average 4.40% 4.50%
House price growth, 5 year average 2.40% 3.20%
Inflation rate, 5 year average 2.20% 2.10%
Central bank policy rate, 5 year average 3.80% 3.90%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | US    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP growth rate, 5 year average 1.80% 1.80%
Unemployment rate, 5 year average 4.30% 4.20%
House price growth, 5 year average 2.80% 3.00%
Inflation rate, 5 year average 2.50% 2.40%
Central bank policy rate, 5 year average 3.60% 3.70%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | Hong Kong    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP growth rate, 5 year average 2.20% 2.60%
Unemployment rate, 5 year average 3.10% 3.20%
House price growth, 5 year average 1.60% 2.10%
Inflation rate, 5 year average 1.90% 2.00%
Central bank policy rate, 5 year average 4.00% 4.10%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | Mainland China    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP growth rate, 5 year average 3.90% 3.90%
Unemployment rate, 5 year average 5.10% 5.20%
House price growth, 5 year average 0.70% 0.70%
Inflation rate, 5 year average 1.30% 1.20%
Central bank policy rate, 5 year average 2.90% 3.10%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | France    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP growth rate, 5 year average 1.10% 1.20%
Unemployment rate, 5 year average 7.50% 7.20%
House price growth, 5 year average 3.90% 3.60%
Inflation rate, 5 year average 1.90% 1.90%
Central bank policy rate, 5 year average 2.10% 2.00%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | UAE    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP growth rate, 5 year average 3.70% 3.90%
Unemployment rate, 5 year average 2.40% 2.60%
House price growth, 5 year average 3.90% 4.20%
Inflation rate, 5 year average 1.90% 1.90%
Central bank policy rate, 5 year average 3.70% 3.80%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | Mexico    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP growth rate, 5 year average 1.70% 1.50%
Unemployment rate, 5 year average 3.50% 3.50%
House price growth, 5 year average 4.40% 4.90%
Inflation rate, 5 year average 3.50% 3.80%
Central bank policy rate, 5 year average 7.80% 8.90%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | UK    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 0.90% 1.20%
Unemployment rate (%) 4.60% 4.90%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 3.50% 1.40%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 3.00% 2.40%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 4.20% 4.20%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | US    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.50% 2.00%
Unemployment rate (%) 4.40% 4.40%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 3.70% 4.40%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 3.10% 2.40%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 4.20% 4.10%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | Hong Kong    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.80% 1.70%
Unemployment rate (%) 3.20% 3.30%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (5.30%) (0.50%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.70% 1.40%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 4.60% 4.50%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | Mainland China    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 4.30% 4.00%
Unemployment rate (%) 5.20% 5.20%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (5.90%) (5.90%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 0.30% 0.30%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.00% 2.90%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | France    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 0.50% 0.90%
Unemployment rate (%) 7.60% 7.50%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 2.10% 2.10%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.30% 1.20%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 2.10% 2.10%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | UAE    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 4.20% 4.40%
Unemployment rate (%) 2.60% 2.70%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 13.50% 9.30%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.90% 2.10%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 4.30% 4.10%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | Mexico    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 0.20% 0.90%
Unemployment rate (%) 3.10% 3.50%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 7.10% 7.60%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 3.70% 5.00%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 8.50% 9.40%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | UK    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.20% 1.30%
Unemployment rate (%) 4.70% 4.70%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 1.20% 3.80%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.30% 2.10%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.70% 3.90%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | US    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.60% 1.60%
Unemployment rate (%) 4.50% 4.30%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 3.10% 3.20%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.80% 2.80%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.50% 3.70%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | Hong Kong    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 2.10% 1.80%
Unemployment rate (%) 3.10% 3.70%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (1.20%) 2.40%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.80% 1.90%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.90% 4.10%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | Mainland China    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 4.10% 3.70%
Unemployment rate (%) 5.10% 5.40%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (1.50%) (0.70%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 0.90% 1.00%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 2.80% 2.90%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | France    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.00% 0.90%
Unemployment rate (%) 7.70% 7.30%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 4.30% 4.40%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.60% 1.60%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 1.60% 1.80%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | UAE    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 4.20% 4.20%
Unemployment rate (%) 2.50% 2.60%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 5.50% 5.10%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.00% 1.90%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.50% 3.80%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | Mexico    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.40% 1.20%
Unemployment rate (%) 3.80% 3.50%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 4.20% 4.50%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 3.60% 3.90%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 7.40% 8.80%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2027 | UK    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.50% 1.80%
Unemployment rate (%) 4.50% 4.50%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 2.40% 4.60%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.00% 2.10%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.70% 3.80%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2027 | US    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 2.00% 1.60%
Unemployment rate (%) 4.30% 4.30%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 3.00% 2.40%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.40% 2.50%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.40% 3.70%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2027 | Hong Kong    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 2.40% 3.50%
Unemployment rate (%) 3.10% 3.30%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 4.20% 3.00%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.00% 2.20%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.80% 4.00%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2027 | Mainland China    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 4.00% 4.30%
Unemployment rate (%) 5.10% 5.20%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 0.60% 3.20%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.40% 1.50%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 2.90% 3.00%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2027 | France    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.30% 1.40%
Unemployment rate (%) 7.50% 7.20%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 4.90% 4.40%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.90% 2.00%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 1.90% 2.00%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2027 | UAE    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 4.00% 3.90%
Unemployment rate (%) 2.50% 2.60%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 3.60% 3.60%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.90% 1.80%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.40% 3.70%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2027 | Mexico    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 2.00% 1.70%
Unemployment rate (%) 3.40% 3.50%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 4.30% 4.20%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 3.50% 3.40%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 7.60% 8.80%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2028 | UK    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.50% 1.60%
Unemployment rate (%) 4.30% 4.30%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 3.30% 3.50%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.10% 2.00%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.80% 3.70%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2028 | US    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 2.00% 1.80%
Unemployment rate (%) 4.30% 4.20%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 2.60% 2.50%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.30% 2.20%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.50% 3.60%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2028 | Hong Kong    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 2.40% 3.10%
Unemployment rate (%) 3.00% 3.00%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 3.00% 2.70%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.00% 2.20%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.90% 4.00%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2028 | Mainland China    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 3.90% 3.90%
Unemployment rate (%) 5.00% 5.00%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 2.70% 4.10%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.60% 1.70%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 2.90% 3.20%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2028 | France    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.30% 1.50%
Unemployment rate (%) 7.40% 7.00%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 4.10% 3.80%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.30% 2.30%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 2.20% 2.00%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2028 | UAE    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 3.50% 3.60%
Unemployment rate (%) 2.40% 2.50%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 2.30% 1.80%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.90% 1.90%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.60% 3.60%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2028 | Mexico    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 2.00% 1.90%
Unemployment rate (%) 3.50% 3.50%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 4.40% 4.00%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 3.50% 3.40%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 7.90% 8.90%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2029 | UK    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.50% 1.60%
Unemployment rate (%) 4.10% 4.30%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 2.70% 2.70%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.00% 2.00%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.90% 3.70%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2029 | US    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.90% 2.00%
Unemployment rate (%) 4.10% 4.10%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 2.40% 2.60%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.20% 2.10%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.70% 3.60%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2029 | Hong Kong    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 2.40% 2.70%
Unemployment rate (%) 3.00% 2.90%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 2.60% 2.70%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.10% 2.30%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 4.10% 4.00%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2029 | Mainland China    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 3.80% 3.70%
Unemployment rate (%) 5.00% 5.00%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 2.90% 2.90%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.50% 1.60%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.00% 3.30%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2029 | France    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 1.20% 1.40%
Unemployment rate (%) 7.20% 7.00%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 3.30% 3.10%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 2.20% 2.20%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 2.40% 2.10%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2029 | UAE    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 3.40% 3.60%
Unemployment rate (%) 2.40% 2.50%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 1.80% 1.30%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.90% 1.80%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 3.70% 3.60%
Consensus Central scenario allowance for ECL | 2029 | Mexico    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) 2.00% 2.00%
Unemployment rate (%) 3.40% 3.50%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 4.10% 4.00%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 3.40% 3.40%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 8.20% 8.90%
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | UK    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (0.90%) (1.00%)
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | US    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (1.50%) (0.60%)
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | Hong Kong    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (4.20%) (4.50%)
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | Mainland China    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (2.90%) (2.50%)
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | France    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (0.60%) (0.60%)
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | UAE    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (0.20%) 0.30%
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | Mexico    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (1.40%) (2.10%)
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | UK    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 6.20% 6.10%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (6.40%) (4.50%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 1.30% 3.40%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 2.40% 5.00%
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | US    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 5.60% 5.30%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (0.70%) (0.20%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 4.00% 4.50%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 5.20% 4.80%
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | Hong Kong    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 4.50% 5.10%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (6.90%) (1.90%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 0.90% 3.10%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 5.60% 5.20%
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | Mainland China    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 6.70% 6.90%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (10.00%) (12.80%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) (2.80%) 2.00%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 1.70% 3.00%
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | France    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 8.80% 8.30%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 0.20% (0.30%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 0.60% 2.60%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 0.40% 3.20%
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | UAE    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 3.40% 3.40%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (1.00%) (0.40%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 0.80% 2.80%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 5.20% 4.80%
Consensus Downside scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | Mexico    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 4.20% 4.10%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 0.70% 2.10%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 4.30% 7.40%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 10.20% 11.50%
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | UK    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (5.50%) (9.10%)
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | US    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (4.20%) (4.10%)
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | Hong Kong    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (10.80%) (10.10%)
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | Mainland China    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (6.30%) (8.70%)
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | France    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (6.30%) (7.90%)
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | UAE    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (5.20%) (6.80%)
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2025 | Mexico    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
GDP (annual average growth rate, %) (9.30%) (10.50%)
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | UK    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 8.70% 8.40%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (26.80%) (27.20%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) (1.90%) 10.10%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 1.60% 5.50%
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | US    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 8.70% 9.30%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (14.30%) (15.80%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 4.30% 4.90%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 5.30% 5.50%
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | Hong Kong    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 6.70% 7.10%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (22.10%) (34.40%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) (1.40%) 3.60%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 5.60% 5.90%
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | Mainland China    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 6.90% 7.10%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (27.70%) (30.50%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) (6.00%) 3.80%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 1.40% 3.50%
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | France    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 10.80% 10.40%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (6.80%) (14.00%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) (0.40%) 7.60%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) (0.10%) 4.20%
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | UAE    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 4.00% 5.00%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) (24.40%) (13.20%)
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 0.70% 3.70%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 5.30% 5.60%
Downside 2 scenario allowance for ECL | 2026 | Mexico    
Disclosure of financial assets [line items]    
Unemployment rate (%) 5.80% 5.60%
House prices (annual average growth rate, %) 0.70% 2.00%
Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) 4.40% 7.90%
Central bank policy rate (annual average, %) 10.60% 12.10%