v3.25.2
Fair values of financial instruments carried at fair value - Movement in Level 3 financial instruments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Jun. 30, 2024
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
– financial investments: fair value gains/(losses) $ 640 $ (378)
Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Financial assets, beginning balance 31,302  
Financial assets, ending balance 34,567  
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Financial liabilities, beginning balance 12,743  
Financial liabilities, ending balance 12,738  
Trading liabilities | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Financial liabilities, beginning balance 65,982  
Financial liabilities, ending balance 70,653  
Trading liabilities | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
– financial investments: fair value gains/(losses) 0 0
– exchange differences 22 (4)
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Financial liabilities, beginning balance 784  
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss (20) (4)
Total gains/(losses) recognised in other comprehensive income (‘OCI’) 22 (4)
– exchange differences 22 (4)
Purchases 58 135
New issuances 0 0
Sales (12) (293)
Settlements (318) (164)
Transfers out (482) (29)
Transfers in 15 11
Financial liabilities, ending balance 47 130
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to liabilities held at end of period 28 5
Designated at fair value | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Financial liabilities, beginning balance 138,727  
Financial liabilities, ending balance 163,589  
Designated at fair value | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
– financial investments: fair value gains/(losses) 1 31
– exchange differences 418 (108)
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Financial liabilities, beginning balance 9,117  
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 112 345
Total gains/(losses) recognised in other comprehensive income (‘OCI’) 419 (77)
– exchange differences 418 (108)
Purchases 0 0
New issuances 2,966 3,378
Sales 0 0
Settlements (2,355) (1,898)
Transfers out (2,826) (1,039)
Transfers in 1,587 522
Financial liabilities, ending balance 9,020 12,159
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to liabilities held at end of period (179) (167)
Derivatives | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Financial liabilities, beginning balance 264,448  
Financial liabilities, ending balance 257,601  
Derivatives | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
– financial investments: fair value gains/(losses) 0 0
– exchange differences 237 (30)
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Financial liabilities, beginning balance 2,842  
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 893 865
Total gains/(losses) recognised in other comprehensive income (‘OCI’) 237 (30)
– exchange differences 237 (30)
Purchases 0 0
New issuances 0 0
Sales 0 0
Settlements (341) (136)
Transfers out (464) (353)
Transfers in 504 566
Financial liabilities, ending balance 3,671 3,481
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to liabilities held at end of period (1,307) (541)
Financial investments    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Financial assets, beginning balance 339,193  
Financial assets, ending balance 381,746  
Financial investments | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Financial assets, beginning balance 339,193  
Financial assets, ending balance 381,746  
Financial investments | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Financial assets, beginning balance 2,734  
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 1 (11)
Total gains/(losses) recognised in other comprehensive income (‘OCI’) 238 (73)
– financial investments: fair value gains/(losses) 35 (18)
– exchange differences 203 (55)
Purchases 880 351
New issuances 0 0
Sales (127) (30)
Settlements (313) (406)
Transfers out (1,478) (80)
Transfers in 185 45
Financial assets, ending balance 2,120 2,414
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 0 0
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
– exchange differences 203 (55)
Trading assets | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Financial assets, beginning balance 314,842  
Financial assets, ending balance 333,745  
Trading assets | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Financial assets, beginning balance 6,675  
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss (37) (7)
Total gains/(losses) recognised in other comprehensive income (‘OCI’) 266 (48)
– financial investments: fair value gains/(losses) 0 0
– exchange differences 266 (48)
Purchases 2,312 1,030
New issuances 1 0
Sales (1,541) (633)
Settlements (1,419) (615)
Transfers out (1,690) (281)
Transfers in 656 328
Financial assets, ending balance 5,223 4,080
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 55 (12)
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
– exchange differences 266 (48)
Designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Financial assets, beginning balance 115,769  
Financial assets, ending balance 128,942  
Designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Financial assets, beginning balance 19,744  
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 912 270
Total gains/(losses) recognised in other comprehensive income (‘OCI’) (76) (102)
– financial investments: fair value gains/(losses) 0 0
– exchange differences (76) (102)
Purchases 2,003 3,694
New issuances 0 0
Sales (75) (183)
Settlements (182) (1,738)
Transfers out (184) (213)
Transfers in 2,448 105
Financial assets, ending balance 24,590 21,621
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 116 (302)
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
– exchange differences (76) (102)
Designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement, enhanced levelling methodology    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Transfers in 2,300  
Derivatives | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Financial assets, beginning balance 268,637  
Financial assets, ending balance 249,672  
Derivatives | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Financial assets, beginning balance 2,149  
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 605 323
Total gains/(losses) recognised in other comprehensive income (‘OCI’) 195 (22)
– financial investments: fair value gains/(losses) 0 0
– exchange differences 195 (22)
Purchases 0 0
New issuances 0 0
Sales 0 0
Settlements (404) (147)
Transfers out (300) (265)
Transfers in 389 553
Financial assets, ending balance 2,634 2,511
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 699 (2,157)
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
– exchange differences 195 (22)
– net income or losses from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis | Trading liabilities | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss (20) (4)
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to liabilities held at end of period 28 5
– net income or losses from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis | Designated at fair value | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 112 345
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to liabilities held at end of period 0 0
– net income or losses from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis | Derivatives | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 893 865
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to liabilities held at end of period (1,307) (541)
– net income or losses from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis | Financial investments | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 0 0
– net income or losses from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis | Trading assets | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss (37) (7)
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 55 (12)
– net income or losses from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis | Designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 0 0
– net income or losses from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis | Derivatives | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 605 323
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 699 (2,157)
– net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss | Trading liabilities | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
– net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss | Designated at fair value | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
– net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss | Derivatives | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
– net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss | Financial investments | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
– net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss | Trading assets | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
– net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss | Designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 867 223
– net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss | Derivatives | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
– changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Trading liabilities | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to liabilities held at end of period 0 0
– changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Designated at fair value | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to liabilities held at end of period (179) (167)
– changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Derivatives | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to liabilities held at end of period 0 0
– changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Financial investments | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 0 0
– changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Trading assets | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 0 0
– changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 45 47
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 116 (302)
– changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Derivatives | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
Unrealised gains or losses recognised in profit or loss relating to assets held at end of period 0 0
– gains less losses from financial investments held at fair value through other comprehensive income | Trading liabilities | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
– gains less losses from financial investments held at fair value through other comprehensive income | Designated at fair value | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
– gains less losses from financial investments held at fair value through other comprehensive income | Derivatives | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, liabilities [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
– gains less losses from financial investments held at fair value through other comprehensive income | Financial investments | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 1 (11)
– gains less losses from financial investments held at fair value through other comprehensive income | Trading assets | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
– gains less losses from financial investments held at fair value through other comprehensive income | Designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss 0 0
– gains less losses from financial investments held at fair value through other comprehensive income | Derivatives | Level 3 | Recurring fair value measurement    
Reconciliation of changes in fair value measurement, assets [abstract]    
Total gains or losses recognised in profit or loss $ 0 $ 0