v3.25.2
Fair value of financial instruments (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Disclosure of fair value measurement of assets [abstract]  
Assets and liabilities held at fair value disaggregated by valuation technique (fair value hierarchy) and Level 3 assets and liabilities held at fair value disaggregated by product type
The following table shows the Group’s assets and liabilities that are held at fair value disaggregated by valuation technique (fair value hierarchy) and balance sheet classification:
Valuation technique using
Quoted market pricesObservable inputsSignificant unobservable inputs
(Level 1)(Level 2)(Level 3)Total
As at 30.06.25
£m£m£m£m
Trading portfolio assets87,55589,7899,879187,223
Financial assets at fair value through the income statement7,702202,0198,831218,552
Derivative financial instruments108278,0971,989280,194
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income24,75549,3783,17877,311
Investment property4242
Total assets120,120619,28323,919763,322
Trading portfolio liabilities(39,606)(29,275)(424)(69,305)
Financial liabilities designated at fair value(1,576)(313,061)(2,848)(317,485)
Derivative financial instruments(93)(262,422)(2,861)(265,376)
Total liabilities(41,275)(604,758)(6,133)(652,166)
As at 31.12.24
Trading portfolio assets77,76178,57710,115166,453
Financial assets at fair value through the income statement3,526181,7848,424193,734
Derivative financial instruments101291,3522,077293,530
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income25,91348,4073,73978,059
Investment property99
Total assets107,301600,12024,364731,785
Trading portfolio liabilities(27,694)(28,819)(395)(56,908)
Financial liabilities designated at fair value(181)(278,785)(3,258)(282,224)
Derivative financial instruments(86)(276,148)(3,181)(279,415)
Total liabilities(27,961)(583,752)(6,834)(618,547)
The following table shows the Group’s Level 3 assets and liabilities that are held at fair value disaggregated by product type:
As at 30.06.25LoansCorporate debtAsset backed securitiesGovernment debtPrivate equity investmentsIssued debtReverse repurchase and repurchase agreementsInterest rate derivativesEquity derivatives
Other products1
Total
£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m
Trading portfolio assets5,468 1,843 883 1,199 — — — — — 486 9,879 
Financial assets at fair value through the income statement6,096 835 178 32 1,187 — 402 — — 101 8,831 
Derivative financial instruments— — — — — — — 915 617 457 1,989 
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income2,350 67 757 — — — — — — 3,178 
Investment property— — — — — — — — — 42 42 
Total assets13,914 2,745 1,818 1,231 1,191  402 915 617 1,086 23,919 
Trading portfolio liabilities— (36)— (325)— — — — — (63)(424)
Financial liabilities designated at fair value— — — — (17)(1,575)(1,240)— — (16)(2,848)
Derivative financial instruments— — — — — — — (774)(1,349)(738)(2,861)
Total liabilities (36) (325)(17)(1,575)(1,240)(774)(1,349)(817)(6,133)
As at 31.12.24
LoansCorporate debtAsset backed securitiesGovernment debtPrivate equity investmentsIssued debtReverse repurchase and repurchase agreementsInterest rate derivativesEquity derivatives
Other products1
Total
£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m
Trading portfolio assets6,146 1,590 991 1,018 — — — — — 370 10,115 
Financial assets at fair value through the income statement5,455 913 139 35 1,166 — 539 — — 177 8,424 
Derivative financial instruments— — — — — — — 1,193 481 403 2,077 
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income2,858 108 757 12 — — — — — 3,739 
Investment property— — — — — — — — — 
Total assets14,459 2,611 1,887 1,065 1,170  539 1,193 481 959 24,364 
Trading portfolio liabilities— (374)(6)— — — — — — (15)(395)
Financial liabilities designated at fair value— — — — (17)(1,842)(1,379)— — (20)(3,258)
Derivative financial instruments— — — — — — — (1,013)(1,219)(949)(3,181)
Total liabilities (374)(6) (17)(1,842)(1,379)(1,013)(1,219)(984)(6,834)
1 Other products include funds and fund-linked products, equity cash products, investment property, credit derivatives and foreign exchange derivatives.
Analysis of movements in Level 3 assets and liabilities
The following table summarises the movements in the balances of Level 3 assets and liabilities during the six-month period. Transfers have been reflected as if they had taken place at the beginning of the period.
Asset and liability transfers between Level 2 and Level 3 are primarily due to i) an increase or decrease in observable market activity related to an input or ii) a change in the significance of the unobservable input, with assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 if an unobservable input is deemed significant.
Analysis of movements in Level 3 assets and liabilities
As at 01.01.25
Total gains and (losses) in the period recognised in the income statementTotal gains and (losses) in the period recognised in OCITransfers
As at 30.06.25
PurchasesSalesIssuesSettlements
Trading income2
Other incomeInOut
£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m
Trading portfolio assets10,115 4,125 (3,524)— (1,147)136 — — 439 (265)9,879 
Financial assets at fair value through the income statement8,424 2,469 (1,200)— (573)(75)— 63 (285)8,831 
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income3,739 566 (1,447)— (6)29 — 307 (12)3,178 
Investment property33 — — — — — — — — 42 
Trading portfolio liabilities(395)(46)28 — — 37 — — (57)(424)
Financial liabilities designated at fair value(3,258)— 91 (617)31 88 — — (179)996 (2,848)
Net derivative financial instruments1
(1,104)(17)249 — — 166 — (34)(135)(872)
Total17,530 7,130 (5,803)(617)(1,695)354 40  539 308 17,786 

Analysis of movements in Level 3 assets and liabilities
As at 01.01.24
Total gains and (losses) in the period recognised in the income statementTotal gains and (losses) in the period recognised in OCITransfers
As at 30.06.24
PurchasesSalesIssuesSettlements
Trading income2
Other incomeInOut
£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m
Trading portfolio assets6,509 3,113 (1,007)— (714)(7)— — 1,046 (214)8,726 
Financial assets at fair value through the income statement8,249 2,804 (1,484)— (380)(19)174 — 291 (118)9,517 
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income1,078 1,854 (42)— — 11 — — (448)2,454 
Investment property— (1)— — — — — — — 
Trading portfolio liabilities(368)(24)17 — — 18 — — (34)(385)
Financial liabilities designated at fair value(1,222)(6)28 (627)16 (27)(21)— (881)248 (2,492)
Net derivative financial instruments1
(1,113)(182)32 (19)(169)(181)— — 21 109 (1,502)
Total13,135 7,559 (2,457)(646)(1,247)(215)164  443 (417)16,319 














1Derivative financial instruments are presented on a net basis. On a gross basis, derivative financial assets were £1,989m (June 2024: £2,833m) and derivative financial liabilities were £(2,861)m (June 2024: £(4,335)m).
2Trading income represents gains and losses on Level 3 financial instruments which in the majority are offset by losses and gains on financial instruments disclosed in Level 2.
Unrealised gains and losses recognised during the period on Level 3 assets and liabilities held at period end
The following table discloses the unrealised gains and losses recognised in the six-month period arising on Level 3 assets and liabilities held at the period end:
Half year ended 30.06.25Half year ended 30.06.24
Income statementOther comprehensive incomeTotalIncome statementOther comprehensive incomeTotal
Trading income1
Other income
Trading income1
Other income
£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m
Trading portfolio assets2121(2)(2)
Financial assets at fair value through the income statement(74)7(67)14748
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income1282911112
Investment property
Trading portfolio liabilities34341717
Financial liabilities designated at fair value8787(29)(10)(39)
Net derivative financial instruments1643167(180)(180)
Total23338271(192)48(144)
1Trading income represents gains and losses on Level 3 financial instruments which in the majority are offset by losses and gains on financial instruments disclosed in Level 2.
Sensitivity analysis of valuations using unobservable inputs
Sensitivity analysis of valuations using unobservable inputs (Relates to Level 3 Portfolios)
As at 30.06.25As at 31.12.24
Favourable changesUnfavourable changesFavourable changesUnfavourable changes
Income statementEquityIncome statementEquityIncome statementEquityIncome statementEquity
£m£m£m£m£m£m£m£m
  Loans30638(285)(38)65343(766)(43)
  Corporate debt771(49)(1)87(56)
  Asset backed securities838(57)(8)574(40)(4)
  Government debt54(62)47(56)
  Private equity investments2301(230)(1)232(232)
  Interest rate derivatives85(158)98(212)
  Equity derivatives221(261)199(269)
  Other Products1
84(99)92(104)
Total1,14048(1,201)(48)1,46547(1,735)(47)
1Other products includes funds and fund linked products, equity cash products, credit derivatives and foreign exchange derivatives.
Fair value adjustments
Key balance sheet valuation adjustments are quantified below:
As at 30.06.25As at 31.12.24
£m£m
Exit price adjustments derived from market bid-offer spreads(536)(542)
Uncollateralised derivative funding2819
Derivative credit valuation adjustments(189)(184)
Derivative debit valuation adjustments117108
Comparison of carrying amounts and fair values for assets and liabilities not held at fair value
The following table summarises the fair value of financial assets and liabilities measured at amortised cost on the Group’s balance sheet:
As at 30.06.25As at 31.12.24
Carrying amountFair valueCarrying amountFair value
Financial assets£m£m£m£m
Debt securities at amortised cost69,93669,52868,21067,354
Loans and advances at amortised cost347,828345,952346,273343,016
Reverse repurchase agreements and other similar secured lending7,9177,9174,7344,734
Financial liabilities
Deposits at amortised cost(564,535)(564,669)(560,663)(560,393)
Repurchase agreements and other similar secured borrowing(35,469)(35,469)(39,415)(39,415)
Debt securities in issue(104,910)(106,837)(92,402)(94,463)
Subordinated liabilities(12,529)(12,978)(11,921)(12,434)