(1) Background and Liquidity

(a) Background

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. (“OPT,” “we,” “our,” or “the Company”) is a Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) company specializing in innovative intelligent maritime solutions. These solutions include a variety of “as a service” systems, including Data as a Service (DaaS), Robotics as a Service (RaaS), and Power as a Service (PaaS). These systems consist of a variety of platforms including the PowerBuoy®, our persistent sensor and power solution, the WAM-V® (Wave Adaptive Modular Vessel), our autonomous unmanned surface vehicle, and Merrows™, our user interface and command and control (C2) system that integrates multiple sensor feeds using software and hardware and enables artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) integration. We design, manufacture, deploy, and operate these systems for defense, security, subsea infrastructure, offshore oil and gas, offshore energy, marine research, and communication markets. We operate primarily through a combination of direct sales and leases, strategic partnerships, and long-term service agreements. Our business model emphasizes capital-light deployments, recurring revenue from service and maintenance contracts, and high-margin technology sales and leases.

We serve a global customer base, including the U.S. and allied defense agencies, offshore energy operators, and commercial interests. The common thread across these markets is the growing need for a persistent, autonomous, and sustainable offshore presence, a need we are uniquely positioned to fulfill.

The Company holds numerous patents and leverages decades of research including control systems, energy storage, and marine integration. Our headquarters and assembly operations are located in New Jersey, and we maintain an additional manufacturing and our robotics development facility in Richmond, CA.

OPT is committed to enabling a smarter, safer ocean economy through innovation in ocean intelligence and power. As we look forward, our strategic priorities include expanding our customer base, accelerating technology adoption, enhancing recurring revenue, and driving margin growth through platform scalability and supply chain efficiencies.

We were incorporated under the laws of the State of New Jersey in April 1984 and began commercial operations in 1994. On April 23, 2007, we reincorporated in Delaware.

(b) Liquidity

For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2025, the Company incurred net losses of approximately $21.5 million and used cash in operations of approximately $18.6 million. In addition, the Company has continued to make investments to support order backlog and future growth. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2025 and through the date of filing of this Form 10-K, the Company has obtained additional capital financing through our capital raises with certain investors. Management believes the Company’s current cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash balances at April 30, 2025 of $6.9 million and future financing including the May 2025 convertible debt proceeds will be sufficient to fund its planned expenditures through July 2026.