As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 24, 2025
Securities Act File No. 33-26305
Investment Company Act File No. 811-05742
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
☒
Pre-Effective Amendment No.
☐
Post-Effective Amendment No. [1263]
☒
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
☒
Amendment No. [1265]
☒
(Check appropriate box or boxes)
BLACKROCK FUNDSSM
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
100 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, Delaware 19809
United States of America
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code: (800) 441-7762
John M. Perlowski
BLACKROCK FUNDSSM
50 Hudson Yards
New York, New York 10001
United States of America
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Copies to: 
Counsel for the Fund:
 
Jesse C. Kean, Esq.
Sidley Austin LLP
787 Seventh Avenue
New York, New York 10019
Janey Ahn, Esq.
BlackRock Advisors, LLC
50 Hudson Yards
New York, New York 10001
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box)
☐ Immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
☒ On July 29, 2025 pursuant to paragraph (b)
☐ 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
☐ On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
☐ 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
☐ On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485
If appropriate, check the following box:
☐ This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.
Title of Securities Being Registered: Shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.001 per share.
JULY 29, 2025 
 
 
Prospectus
BlackRock FundsSM | Investor and Institutional Shares
●
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
Investor A: PINXX • Investor C: BMCXX • Institutional: PNIXX
This Prospectus contains information you should know before investing, including information about risks. Please read it before you invest and keep it for future reference.
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Not FDIC Insured ● May Lose Value ● No Bank Guarantee
Key facts and details about the Fund, including investment objective,
principal investment strategies, principal risk factors, fee and expense
information and historical performance information
 
 
3
 
3
 
4
 
5
 
7
 
8
 
8
 
9
 
9
 
Information about how the Fund invests, including investment objective,
investment processes, principal strategies and risk factors
 
 
10
 
13
 
 
 
Financial Performance of the Fund
41
 
 
 
 
Glossary of Investment Terms
46
 
 
 
 
Fund Overview
Investment Objective
The investment objective of BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund (“WeLEAF” or the “Fund”), a series of BlackRock FundsSM (the “Trust”), is to seek as high a level of current income as is consistent with liquidity and preservation of capital while giving consideration to select environmental criteria.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to your financial professional or your selected securities dealer, broker, investment adviser, service provider or industry professional (including BlackRock Advisors, LLC (“BlackRock”) and its affiliates) (each, a “Financial Intermediary”), which are not reflected in the table and example below. More information about these fees and expenses is available from your financial professional or your selected securities dealer, broker, investment adviser, service provider or industry professional (including BlackRock and its affiliates) and in the “Details About the Share Classes” and the “Intermediary-Defined Sales Charge Waiver Policies” sections on pages 24 and A-1, respectively, of the Fund’s prospectus and in the “Purchase of Shares” section on page II-31 of Part II of the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information. 
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment)
 
Investor A
Shares
 
Investor C
Shares
 
Institutional
Shares
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering
price)
 
None
 
None
 
None
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price or
redemption proceeds, whichever is lower)
 
None1
 
1.00%2
 
None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a
percentage of the value of your investment)
 
Investor A
Shares
 
Investor C
Shares
 
Institutional
Shares
Management Fee
 
0.40%
 
0.40%
 
0.40%
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
 
0.25%
 
1.00%
 
None
Other Expenses
 
0.09%
 
0.18%
 
0.08%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
 
0.74%
 
1.58%
 
0.48%
Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements3
 
(0.19)%
 
(0.28)%
 
(0.28)%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waivers and/or Expense
Reimbursements3
 
0.55%
 
1.30%
 
0.20%
 
1
There is no contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) on Investor A Shares purchased directly. However, a CDSC of up to 1.00% may apply to certain redemptions of the Fund’s Investor A Shares purchased in an exchange transaction for Investor A Shares of a fund advised by BlackRock or its affiliates where no initial sales charge was paid at the time of purchase of such fund (each, an “Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund”) as part of an investment of $1,000,000 (lesser amounts may apply depending on the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund) or more. The Investor A Shares CDSC is only charged upon redemptions of Investor A Shares within 18 months after you originally acquired such Investor A Shares of the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund (a shorter holding period may apply depending on the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund), unless you qualify for a waiver. There is no CDSC charged on redemptions if you have owned your Investor A Shares for more than 18 months (or for a shorter holding period as applicable) as measured from your original purchase of Investor A Shares that you exchanged into Investor A Shares of the Fund or if you purchase Investor A Shares of the Fund not through an exchange.
2
Since all Investor C shares must be purchased in an exchange transaction for Investor C Shares of a non-money market fund advised by BlackRock or its affiliates (each, a “Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund”), a CDSC of 1.00% may apply to certain redemptions of the Fund’s Investor C Shares. The Investor C Shares CDSC is only charged upon redemptions of Investor C Shares within one year after you originally acquired the Investor C Shares of the Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund, unless you qualify for a waiver. There is no CDSC charged on redemptions if you have owned your Investor C Shares for more than one year (as measured from your original purchase of Investor C Shares that you exchanged into Investor C Shares of the Fund).
3
As described in the “Management of the Fund” section of the Fund’s prospectus beginning on page 37, BlackRock has contractually agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees or expenses in order to limit Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements (excluding Dividend Expense, Interest Expense, Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses and certain other Fund expenses) to 0.55% (for Investor A Shares), 1.30% (for Investor C Shares) and 0.20% (for Institutional Shares) of average daily net assets through June 30, 2027. The contractual agreement may be terminated upon 90 days’ notice by a majority of the non-interested trustees of the Trust or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.
3
Example:
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 
 
1 Year
3 Years
5 Years
10 Years
Investor A Shares1
$56
$217
$393
$901
Investor C Shares2
$232
$471
$834
$1,628
Institutional Shares
$20
$126
$241
$577
 
1
These expense figures do not reflect the imposition of the CDSC which may be deducted upon the redemption of Investor A Shares of the Fund received in an exchange transaction for Investor A Shares of an Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund as described in the applicable prospectuses. No CDSC is deducted upon the redemption of Investor A Shares of the Fund that are not acquired by exchange.
2
Reflects assessment of applicable CDSC assuming Investor C Shares were acquired by exchange from Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund immediately after purchase of shares from such other fund.
You would pay the following expenses if you did not redeem your shares: 
 
1 Year
3 Years
5 Years
10 Years
Investor C Shares
$132
$471
$834
$1,628
 
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a broad range of U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments, including government, U.S. and foreign bank, and commercial obligations and repurchase agreements. Under normal conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer or guarantor, in the opinion of BlackRock, the Fund’s investment manager, at the time of purchase, meets the Fund’s environmental criteria. This policy is a non-fundamental policy of the Fund. However, the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ prior written notice of any changes to the policy.
BlackRock will consider the following as part of the Fund’s environmental criteria:
◼
The Fund will invest in securities whose issuer (or guarantor, if applicable) at the time of the Fund’s investment has better than average performance in environmental practices. In evaluating performance in environmental practices, BlackRock will use data or other environmental, social, or governance risk metrics including ratings provided by independent research vendor(s) in determining whether to invest (or continue to invest) in securities issued or guaranteed by a particular entity. These independent research vendor(s) may consider one or more of the following factors: issuer or industry exposure to environmentally intensive activities, disclosures by an issuer around climate related issues and environmental matters or specific targets or plans by an issuer to manage environmental exposures. BlackRock may change an independent research vendor at any time in its discretion. BlackRock will consider factors such as emissions, energy and water intensity, waste generation, green revenues and environmental disclosure levels in evaluating the environmental performance of an issuer or guarantor.
◼
U.S. Government securities will be considered to have met the Fund’s environmental criteria
◼
The Fund will not invest in securities issued or guaranteed by entities:
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from fossil fuels mining, exploration or refinement; or
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from thermal coal based power generation.
In determining the efficacy of an issuer’s or guarantor’s environmental practices, BlackRock may also employ a proprietary model it has developed to consider the impact of various actions of an issuer or guarantor. The model uses third party data as well as information obtained by BlackRock to assess whether particular environmental factors may be material to an issuer or guarantor and capture any momentum around these factors. The model also seeks to consider more current headline news around an issuer or guarantor. The model may employ different inputs and weigh the significance of those inputs differently than the third party data sources that are used. BlackRock will conduct, as appropriate, its environmental evaluation of issuers and guarantors relative to a specific sector or across multiple sectors.
In addition, the Fund may invest in mortgage- and asset-backed securities, short-term obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia, and their respective
4
authorities, agencies, instrumentalities and political subdivisions and derivative securities such as tender option bonds, beneficial interests in municipal trust certificates and partnership trusts. The Fund may invest in “green” bonds where, in the opinion of BlackRock, the use of proceeds from the sale of these securities will be used to finance projects intended to generate an environmental benefit. The Fund may also invest in variable and floating rate instruments, and transact in securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis.
Under normal market conditions, at least 25% of the Fund’s total assets will be invested in obligations of issuers in the financial services industry or in obligations, such as repurchase agreements, secured by such obligations.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) have below average performance in environmental practices or whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) are not evaluated by any independent research vendor(s) currently used by the Fund, and whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) do not otherwise meet the Fund’s environmental criteria.
The Fund seeks to maintain a net asset value (“NAV”) of $1.00 per share.
The securities purchased by the Fund are subject to the quality, diversification, and other requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), and other rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
Risk is inherent in all investing. You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The Fund may impose a fee upon the sale of your shares. An investment in the Fund is not a bank account and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor is not required to reimburse the Fund for losses, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time, including during periods of market stress.
The following is a summary description of principal risks of investing in the Fund. The relative significance of each risk factor below may change over time and you should review each risk factor carefully.
◼
Credit Risk — Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a debt security (i.e., the borrower) will be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest and principal when due or otherwise honor their obligations. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also adversely affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer.
◼
Environmental Criteria Risk — The risk that because the Fund’s environmental criteria exclude securities of certain issuers for nonfinancial reasons, the Fund may forgo some market opportunities available to funds that do not use these criteria. Consequently, the Fund may underperform funds that do not utilize an environmental strategy. BlackRock’s assessment of an issuer’s environmental criteria may change over time, which could cause the Fund to hold securities that may no longer meet BlackRock’s current environmental criteria.
In evaluating the environmental criteria for an issuer or guarantor, BlackRock is dependent upon information and data that may be incomplete, inaccurate or unavailable. Currently, environmental data often lacks standardization, consistency and in some cases transparency. There may be different methodologies used by different data sources who compile environmental ratings of issuers or guarantors. This could adversely affect the analysis of the environmental criteria relevant to a particular issuer or guarantor. If BlackRock were to solely rely on this data, the Fund may invest in issuers or guarantors who may not meet the environmental criteria for investment. Investing on the basis of environmental criteria is qualitative and subjective by nature and there can be no assurance that the process utilized by any vendors of BlackRock or any judgment exercised by BlackRock will reflect the beliefs or values of any particular investor.
◼
Financial Services Industry Risk — Because of its concentration in the financial services industry, the Fund will be more susceptible to any economic, business, political or other developments which generally affect this industry sector. As a result, the Fund will be exposed to a large extent to the risks associated with that industry, such as government regulation, the availability and cost of capital funds (including the availability and stability of deposits in the case of deposit-taking institutions), consolidation and general economic conditions. Financial services companies are also exposed to losses if borrowers and other counterparties experience financial problems and/or cannot repay their obligations.
5
When interest rates go up, the value of securities issued by many types of financial services companies generally goes down. In many countries, financial services and the companies that provide them are regulated by governmental entities, which can increase costs for new services or products and make it difficult to pass increased costs on to consumers. In certain areas, deregulation of financial services companies has resulted in increased competition and reduced profitability for certain companies.
The profitability of many types of financial services companies may be adversely affected in certain market cycles, including periods of rising interest rates, which may restrict the availability and increase the cost of capital, and declining economic conditions, which may cause credit losses due to financial difficulties of borrowers. Because many types of financial services companies are vulnerable to these economic cycles, a large portion of the Fund’s investments may lose value during such periods.
◼
Discretionary Liquidity Fee Risk — The Board, or its delegate, has discretion to impose a liquidity fee of up to 2% upon sale of your shares if such fee is determined to be in the best interests of the Fund. Accordingly, your redemptions may be subject to a liquidity fee when you sell your shares at certain times.
◼
Extension Risk — When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall.
◼
Foreign Exposure Risk — Securities issued or supported by foreign entities, including foreign banks and corporations, may involve additional risks and considerations. Extensive public information about the foreign issuer may not be available, and unfavorable political, economic or governmental developments in the foreign country involved could affect the payment of principal and interest.
◼
Income Risk — Income risk is the risk that the Fund’s yield will vary as short-term securities in its portfolio mature and the proceeds are reinvested in securities with different interest rates.
◼
Interest Rate Risk — Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of a debt security may fall when interest rates rise. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will go up or down more in response to changes in interest rates than the market price of shorter-term securities. Due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. Very low or negative interest rates may magnify interest rate risk. During periods of very low or negative interest rates, the Fund may be unable to maintain positive returns or pay dividends to Fund shareholders. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates during a period of historically low interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and may detract from the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
◼
Market Risk and Selection Risk — Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which the Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. The value of a security or other asset may decline due to changes in general market conditions, economic trends or events that are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or other asset, or factors that affect a particular issuer or issuers, exchange, country, group of countries, region, market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class. Local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues like pandemics or epidemics, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the Fund and its investments. Selection risk is the risk that the securities selected by Fund management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. This means you may lose money.
◼
Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities Risks — Mortgage- and asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of mortgages or other assets, including consumer loans or receivables held in trust. Mortgage- and asset-backed securities are subject to credit, interest rate, prepayment and extension risks. These securities also are subject to risk of default on the underlying mortgage or asset, particularly during periods of economic downturn. Small movements in interest rates (both increases and decreases) may quickly and significantly reduce the value of certain mortgage-backed securities.
◼
Operational and Technology Risks — The Fund is directly and indirectly susceptible to operational and technology risks, including those related to human errors, processing errors, communication errors, systems failures, cybersecurity incidents, and the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning (“AI”), which may result in losses for the Fund and its shareholders or may impair the Fund’s operations. While the Fund’s service providers are required to have appropriate operational, information security and cybersecurity risk management policies and procedures, their methods of risk management may differ from those of the Fund. Operational and technology risks for the issuers in which the Fund invests could also result in material adverse consequences for such issuers and may cause the Fund’s investments in such issuers to lose value.
◼
Prepayment Risk — When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated, and the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields.
6
◼
Repurchase Agreements and Purchase and Sale Contracts Risk — If the other party to a repurchase agreement or purchase and sale contract defaults on its obligation under the agreement, the Fund may suffer delays and incur costs or lose money in exercising its rights under the agreement. If the seller fails to repurchase the security in either situation and the market value of the security declines, the Fund may lose money.
◼
Risk of Investing in the United States — Certain changes in the U.S. economy, such as when the U.S. economy weakens or when its financial markets decline, may have an adverse effect on the securities to which the Fund has exposure.
◼
Stable Net Asset Value Risk — The Fund may not be able to maintain a stable NAV of $1.00 per share at all times. If the Fund fails to maintain a stable NAV (or if there is a perceived threat of such a failure), the Fund, along with other money market funds, could be subject to increased redemption activity.
◼
Treasury Obligations Risk — Direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury have historically involved little risk of loss of principal if held to maturity. However, due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. In addition, notwithstanding that U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
◼
U.S. Government Obligations Risk — Certain securities in which the Fund may invest, including securities issued by certain U.S. Government agencies and U.S. Government sponsored enterprises, are not guaranteed by the U.S. Government or supported by the full faith and credit of the United States. In addition, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal on U.S. Government obligations, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
◼
Variable and Floating Rate Instrument Risk — Variable and floating rate securities provide for periodic adjustment in the interest rate paid on the securities. Securities with floating or variable interest rates can be less sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with fixed interest rates, but may decline in value if their coupon rates do not reset as high, or as quickly, as comparable market interest rates, and generally carry lower yields than fixed securities of the same maturity. These securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. A decline in interest rates may result in a reduction in income received from variable and floating rate securities held by the Fund and may adversely affect the value of the Fund’s shares. Benchmark interest rates may not accurately track market interest rates. Although floating rate securities are less sensitive to interest rate risk than fixed-rate securities, they are subject to credit risk and default risk, which could impair their value.
◼
When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments Risk — When-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments involve the risk that the security the Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party to the transaction will not meet its obligation. If this occurs, the Fund may lose both the investment opportunity for the assets it set aside to pay for the security and any gain in the security’s price.
Performance Information
The information shows you how the Fund’s performance has varied year by year and provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. To the extent that dividends and distributions have been paid by the Fund, the performance information for the Fund in the chart and table assumes reinvestment of the dividends and distributions. As with all such investments, past performance is not an indication of future results. Sales charges are not reflected in the bar chart. If they were, returns would be less than those shown. However, the table includes all applicable fees and sales charges. If BlackRock and its affiliates had not waived or reimbursed certain Fund expenses during these periods, the Fund’s returns would have been lower. The Fund is a money market fund managed pursuant to the requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act. Effective May 11, 2020, the Fund changed its name, investment objective and investment strategies. Performance for the periods prior to May 11, 2020 shown below is based on the investment strategies utilized by the Fund at that time under the name “BlackRock Money Market Portfolio.” Updated information on the Fund’s performance can be obtained by visiting http://www.blackrock.com/cash or can be obtained by phone at (800) 882-0052.
7
Investor A Shares
ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
As of 12/31
 
During the ten-year period shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a quarter was 1.28% (quarter ended December 31, 2023) and the lowest return for a quarter was 0.00% (quarter ended September 30, 2021). The year-to-date return as of June 30, 2025 was 2.02%. 
For the periods ended 12/31/24
Average Annual Total Returns
1 Year
5 Years
10 Years
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund — Investor A Shares
Return Before Taxes
4.96
%
2.29
%
1.58
%
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund — Investor C Shares
Return Before Taxes
3.11
%
1.83
%
1.29
%
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund — Institutional Shares
Return Before Taxes
5.26
%
2.49
%
1.82
%
 
To obtain the Fund’s current 7-day yield, call (800) 441-7762 or visit the Fund’s website at www.blackrock.com/cash.
Investment Manager
The Fund’s investment manager is BlackRock Advisors, LLC (previously defined as “BlackRock”). The Fund’s sub-adviser is BlackRock International Limited (the “Sub-Adviser”). Where applicable, “BlackRock” refers also to the Sub-Adviser.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The Fund is a retail money market fund and is intended only for sale to beneficial owners who are natural persons.
You may generally purchase or redeem shares of the Fund each day on which both the New York Stock Exchange and the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia are open.
To purchase or sell shares of the Fund you should contact your Financial Intermediary, or, if you hold your shares through the Fund, you should contact the Fund by phone at (800) 441-7762, by mail (c/o BlackRock Funds, P.O. Box 534429, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15253-4429), or by the Internet at www.blackrock.com. You have until the close of the federal funds wire (normally 6:45 p.m. Eastern time) to get your purchase money in to the Fund on the day of your purchase or your purchase order will be cancelled.
The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases. 
 
Investor A Shares
Institutional Shares
Minimum Initial
Investment
$1,000 for all accounts except:
•$50, if establishing an Automatic Investment
Plan.
There is no minimum initial investment for:
•Employer-sponsored retirement plans (not
including SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs)
8
 
Investor A Shares
Institutional Shares
Minimum Initial
Investment
(continued)
•There is no investment minimum for employer-
sponsored retirement plans (not including SEP
IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs).
•There is no investment minimum for certain fee-
based programs.
and state sponsored 529 college savings plans,
each of which may purchase shares of the Fund
through a Financial Intermediary that has entered
into an agreement with the Fund’s distributor to
purchase such shares.
•Clients of Financial Intermediaries that: (i) charge
such clients a fee for advisory, investment
consulting, or similar services or (ii) have entered
into an agreement with the Fund’s distributor to
offer Institutional Shares through a no-load
program or investment platform.
•Clients investing through a self-directed IRA
brokerage account program sponsored by a
retirement plan record-keeper, provided that such
program offers only mutual fund options and that
the program maintains an account with the Fund
on an omnibus basis.
$2 million for individuals.
$1,000 for:
•Clients investing through Financial Intermediaries
that offer such shares on a platform that charges
a transaction based sales commission outside of
the Fund.
•Tax-qualified accounts for insurance agents that
are registered representatives of an insurance
company’s broker-dealer that has entered into an
agreement with the Fund’s distributor to offer
Institutional Shares, and the family members of
such persons.
Minimum Additional
Investment
$50 for all accounts (with the exception of certain
employer-sponsored retirement plans which may
have a lower minimum).
No subsequent minimum.
 
Information is not provided for Investor C Shares of the Fund because Investor C Shares are no longer being offered to new investors. Investor C Shares are available upon exchange from Investor C Shares of certain Non-Money Market BlackRock Funds.
Tax Information
The Fund’s dividends and distributions may be subject to U.S. federal income taxes and may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are a tax-exempt investor or are investing through a qualified tax-exempt plan described in section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, in which case you may be subject to U.S. federal income tax when distributions are received from such tax-deferred arrangements.
Payments to Broker/Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the Fund through a Financial Intermediary, the Fund and BlackRock Investments, LLC, the Fund’s distributor, or its affiliates may pay the Financial Intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services.
These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Financial Intermediary and your individual financial professional to recommend the Fund over another investment.
Ask your individual financial professional or visit your Financial Intermediary’s website for more information.
9
Details About the Fund
Included in this prospectus are sections that tell you about buying and selling shares, management information, shareholder features of BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund (“WeLEAF” or the “Fund”), a series of BlackRock FundsSM (the “Trust”), and your rights as a shareholder.
How the Fund Invests
The Fund is a retail money market fund managed pursuant to Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).
◼
The Fund seeks to maintain a net asset value (“NAV”) of $1.00 per share.
◼
The Fund will maintain a dollar-weighted average maturity of 60 days or less and a dollar-weighted average life of 120 days or less. For a discussion of dollar-weighted average maturity and dollar-weighted average life, please see the Glossary on page 46.
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Pursuant to Rule 2a-7, the Fund is subject to a “general liquidity requirement” that requires that the Fund hold securities that are sufficiently liquid to meet reasonably foreseeable shareholder redemptions in light of its obligations under Section 22(e) of the Investment Company Act regarding share redemptions and any commitments the Fund has made to shareholders. To comply with this general liquidity requirement, BlackRock Advisors, LLC (“BlackRock”) must consider factors that could affect the Fund’s liquidity needs, including characteristics of the Fund’s investors and their likely redemptions. Depending upon the volatility of its cash flows (particularly shareholder redemptions), this may require the Fund to maintain greater liquidity than would be required by the daily and weekly minimum liquidity requirements discussed below.
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The Fund will not acquire any illiquid security (i.e., securities that cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the value ascribed to them by the Fund) if, immediately following such purchase, more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets are invested in illiquid securities.
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The Fund will not acquire any security other than a daily liquid asset unless, immediately following such purchase, at least 25% of its total assets would be invested in daily liquid assets, and the Fund will not acquire any security other than a weekly liquid asset unless, immediately following such purchase, at least 50% of its total assets would be invested in weekly liquid assets. For a discussion of daily liquid assets and weekly liquid assets, please see the Glossary on page 46.
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The Fund invests in securities maturing within 13 months or less from the date of purchase, with certain exceptions. For example, certain government securities held by the Fund may have remaining maturities exceeding 13 months if such securities provide for adjustments in their interest rates not less frequently than every 13 months.
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The securities purchased by the Fund are subject to the quality, diversification, and other requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act, and other rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Fund will only purchase securities that are Eligible Securities. When required under Rule 2a-7, BlackRock will determine whether an instrument presents minimal credit risk pursuant to guidelines approved by the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”). For a discussion of Eligible Securities, please see the Glossary.
The Board, or its delegate, may impose a discretionary liquidity fee on redemptions from the Fund (up to 2%) under certain circumstances. Please see the section below titled “Account Information — Discretionary Liquidity Fees” for additional information about discretionary liquidity fees.
Investment Objective
The investment objective of the Fund is to seek as high a level of current income as is consistent with liquidity and preservation of capital while giving consideration to select environmental criteria.
Should the Board determine that the investment objective of the Fund should be changed, shareholders will be given at least 30 days’ notice before any such change is made. However, such change can be effected without shareholder approval.
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Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a broad range of U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments, including government, U.S. and foreign bank, and commercial obligations and repurchase agreements. To the extent the Fund invests in repurchase agreements, the Fund currently intends to invest only in repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. Government securities and cash. Under normal conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer or guarantor, in the opinion of BlackRock, the Fund’s investment manager, at the time of purchase, meets the Fund’s environmental criteria. This policy is a non-fundamental policy of the Fund. However, the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ prior written notice of any changes to the policy.
BlackRock will consider the following as part of the Fund’s environmental criteria:
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The Fund will invest in securities whose issuer (or guarantor, if applicable) at the time of the Fund’s investment has better than average performance in environmental practices. In evaluating performance in environmental practices, BlackRock will use data or other environmental, social, or governance risk metrics including ratings provided by independent research vendor(s) in determining whether to invest (or continue to invest) in securities issued or guaranteed by a particular entity. These independent research vendor(s) may consider one or more of the following factors: issuer or industry exposure to environmentally intensive activities, disclosures by an issuer around climate related issues and environmental matters or specific targets or plans by an issuer to manage environmental exposures. BlackRock may change an independent research vendor at any time in its discretion. BlackRock will consider factors such as emissions, energy and water intensity, waste generation, green revenues and environmental disclosure levels in evaluating the environmental performance of an issuer or guarantor.
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U.S. Government securities will be considered to have met the Fund’s environmental criteria,
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The Fund will not invest in securities issued or guaranteed by entities:
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from fossil fuels mining, exploration or refinement; or
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from thermal coal based power generation.
In determining the efficacy of an issuer’s or guarantor’s environmental practices, BlackRock may also employ a proprietary model it has developed to consider the impact of various actions of an issuer or guarantor. The model uses third party data as well as information obtained by BlackRock to assess whether particular environmental factors may be material to an issuer or guarantor and capture any momentum around these factors. The model also seeks to consider more current headline news around an issuer or guarantor. The model may employ different inputs and weigh the significance of those inputs differently than the third party data sources that are used. BlackRock will conduct, as appropriate, its environmental evaluation of issuers and guarantors relative to a specific sector or across multiple sectors.
When known at the time of purchase, Fund management may also consider an issuer’s or guarantor’s commitment to support sustainable palm oil.
In addition, the Fund may invest in mortgage- and asset-backed securities, short-term obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia, and their respective authorities, agencies, instrumentalities and political subdivisions and derivative securities such as tender option bonds, beneficial interests in municipal trust certificates and partnership trusts. The Fund may invest in “green” bonds where, in the opinion of BlackRock, the use of proceeds from the sale of these securities will be used to finance projects intended to generate an environmental benefit. For purposes of compliance with the Fund’s 80% investment policy, (1) the Fund’s investment in “green” bonds will not be deemed to qualify unless the issuer or guarantor of such bonds, in the opinion of BlackRock, at the time of purchase, meets the Fund’s environmental criteria and (2) the Fund’s investment in repurchase agreements will not be deemed to qualify except to the extent that both the repurchase agreement counterparty and the issuer (or guarantor, if applicable) of the security subject to the repurchase agreement, in the opinion of BlackRock, at the time of purchase, meet the Fund’s environmental criteria. The Fund may also invest in variable and floating rate instruments, and transact in securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis.
Under normal market conditions, at least 25% of the Fund’s total assets will be invested in obligations of issuers in the financial services industry or in obligations, such as repurchase agreements, secured by such obligations.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) have below average performance in environmental practices or whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) are not evaluated by any independent research vendor(s) currently used by the Fund, and whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) do not otherwise meet the Fund’s environmental criteria.
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Pursuant to Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act, the Fund will generally limit its purchases of any one issuer’s securities (other than U.S. Government obligations and repurchase agreements collateralized by such securities) to 5% of the Fund’s total assets, except that up to 25% of its total assets may be invested in securities of one issuer for a period of up to three business days; provided that the Fund may not invest in the securities of more than one issuer in accordance with the foregoing exception at any one time.
Additionally, a security purchased by the Fund (or the issuers of such security) will be:
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a security that has short-term ratings at the time of purchase (or which are guaranteed or in some cases otherwise supported by credit supports with such ratings) in the highest rating category by at least two unaffiliated nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”), or one NRSRO, if the security or guarantee was only rated by one NRSRO;
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a security that is issued or guaranteed by a person with such ratings;
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a security without such short-term ratings that has been determined to be of comparable quality by BlackRock;
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a security issued by other open-end investment companies that invest in the type of obligations in which the Fund may invest; or
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a security issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.
Appendix A to the Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) contains a description of the relevant rating symbols used by several NRSROs for various types of debt obligations.
During periods of unusual market conditions or during temporary defensive periods, the Fund may depart from its principal investment strategies. The Fund may hold uninvested cash reserves pending investment, during temporary defensive periods, or the Fund may invest without limit in U.S. Treasury securities. Uninvested cash reserves may not earn income. Temporary defensive investments may limit the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Other Strategies Applicable to the Fund
In addition to the principal investment strategies discussed above, the Fund may also invest or engage in the following investments/strategies:
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Borrowing — During periods of unusual market conditions, the Fund is authorized to borrow money from banks for temporary purposes in amounts up to one-third of the value of its total assets at the time of such borrowing. Such borrowings may be secured or unsecured.
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Illiquid Investments — The Fund will not invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in illiquid securities that it cannot sell in the ordinary course within seven days at approximately current value.
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Investment Company Securities — The Fund may invest in securities issued by other open-end or closed-end investment companies as permitted by the Investment Company Act. A pro rata portion of the other investment companies’ expenses may be borne by the Fund’s shareholders. These investments may include, as consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies, certain variable rate demand securities issued by closed-end funds, which invest primarily in portfolios of taxable or tax-exempt securities. It is anticipated that the payments made on the variable rate demand securities issued by closed-end municipal bond funds will be exempt from federal income tax.
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Municipal Obligations — The Fund may, when deemed appropriate by BlackRock in light of its investment objective, invest in high quality, short-term obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia, and their respective authorities, agencies, instrumentalities and political subdivisions and derivative securities, such as tender option bonds, beneficial interests in municipal trust certificates and partnership trusts (“Municipal Obligations”) issued by state and local governmental issuers which carry yields that are competitive with those of other types of money market instruments of comparable quality.
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Restricted Securities — Restricted securities are securities that cannot be offered for public resale unless registered under the applicable securities laws or that have a contractual restriction that prohibits or limits their resale. They may include Rule 144A securities, which are privately placed securities that can be resold to qualified institutional buyers but not to the general public, and securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers that are offered pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
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Reverse Repurchase Agreements — The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements. The Fund is permitted to invest up to one-third of its total assets in reverse repurchase agreements. Investments in reverse repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions (described below) will be aggregated for purposes of this investment limitation.
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Uninvested Cash Reserves — The Fund may hold up to 20% of its assets in uninvested cash reserves. Uninvested cash reserves will not earn income.
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U.S. Treasury Floating Rate Notes — The Fund may invest in U.S. Treasury Floating Rate Notes (FRNs). These are two-year notes issued by the U.S. Treasury that reset their interest rates on a weekly basis. At maturity, the face value of an FRN is paid to the note holder.
Investment Risks
Risk is inherent in all investing. You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The Fund may impose a fee upon the sale of your shares. An investment in the Fund is not a bank account and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor is not required to reimburse the Fund for losses, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time, including during periods of market stress.
The following is a description of certain risks of investing in the Fund. The order of the below risk factors does not indicate the significance of any particular risk factor.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
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Credit Risk — Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a debt security (i.e., the borrower) will be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest and principal when due or otherwise honor their obligations. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation.
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Discretionary Liquidity Fee Risk — The Board, or its delegate, has discretion to impose a liquidity fee of up to 2% upon sale of your shares if such fee is determined to be in the best interests of the Fund. Accordingly, your redemptions may be subject to a liquidity fee when you sell your shares at certain times.
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Environmental Criteria Risk — The risk that because the Fund’s environmental criteria exclude securities of certain issuers for nonfinancial reasons, the Fund may forgo some market opportunities available to funds that do not use these criteria. Consequently, the Fund may underperform funds that do not utilize an environmental strategy. BlackRock’s assessment of an issuer’s environmental criteria may change over time, which could cause the Fund to hold securities that may no longer meet BlackRock’s current environmental criteria.
In evaluating the environmental criteria for an issuer or guarantor, BlackRock is dependent upon information and data that may be incomplete, inaccurate or unavailable. Currently, environmental data often lacks standardization, consistency and in some cases transparency. There may be different methodologies used by different data sources who compile environmental ratings of issuers or guarantors. This could adversely affect the analysis of the environmental criteria relevant to a particular issuer or guarantor. If BlackRock were to solely rely on this data, the Fund may invest in issuers or guarantors who may not meet the environmental criteria for investment. Investing on the basis of environmental criteria is qualitative and subjective by nature and there can be no assurance that the process utilized by any vendors of BlackRock or any judgment exercised by BlackRock will reflect the beliefs or values of any particular investor.
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Extension Risk — When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. The value of longer-term securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, securities may exhibit additional volatility and may lose value.
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Financial Services Industry Risk — Because of its concentration in the financial services industry, the Fund will be more susceptible to any economic, business, political or other developments which generally affect this industry sector. As a result, the Fund will be exposed to a large extent to the risks associated with that industry, such as government regulation, the availability and cost of capital funds (including the availability and stability of deposits in the case of deposit-taking institutions), consolidation and general economic conditions. Financial services companies are also exposed to losses if borrowers and other counterparties experience financial problems and/or cannot repay their obligations.
When interest rates go up, the value of securities issued by many types of financial services companies generally goes down. In many countries, financial services and the companies that provide them are regulated by governmental entities, which can increase costs for new services or products and make it difficult to pass
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increased costs on to consumers. In certain areas, deregulation of financial services companies has resulted in increased competition and reduced profitability for certain companies.
The profitability of many types of financial services companies may be adversely affected in certain market cycles, including periods of rising interest rates, which may restrict the availability and increase the cost of capital, and declining economic conditions, which may cause credit losses due to financial difficulties of borrowers. Because many types of financial services companies are vulnerable to these economic cycles,a large portion of the Fund’s investments may lose value during such periods.
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Foreign Exposure Risk — Securities issued or supported by foreign entities, including foreign banks and corporations, may involve additional risks and considerations. Extensive public information about the foreign issuer may not be available, and unfavorable political, economic or governmental developments in the foreign country involved could affect the payment of principal and interest.
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Income Risk — The Fund’s yield will vary as the short-term securities in its portfolio mature and the proceeds are reinvested in securities with different interest rates.
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Interest Rate Risk — Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of a debt security may fall when interest rates rise. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will go up or down more in response to changes in interest rates than the market price of shorter-term securities. Due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. Very low or negative interest rates may magnify interest rate risk. During periods of very low or negative interest rates, the Fund may be unable to maintain positive returns or pay dividends to Fund shareholders. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates during a period of historically low interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and may detract from the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
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Market Risk and Selection Risk — Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which the Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. The value of a security or other asset may decline due to changes in general market conditions, economic trends or events that are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or other asset, or factors that affect a particular issuer or issuers, exchange, country, group of countries, region, market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class. Local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues like pandemics or epidemics, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the Fund and its investments. Selection risk is the risk that the securities selected by Fund management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. This means you may lose money.
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Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities Risks — Mortgage-backed securities (residential and commercial) and asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of mortgages or other assets, including consumer loans or receivables held in trust. Although asset-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) generally experience less prepayment than residential mortgage-backed securities, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, like traditional fixed-income securities, are subject to credit, interest rate, prepayment and extension risks.
Small movements in interest rates (both increases and decreases) may quickly and significantly reduce the value of certain mortgage-backed securities. The Fund’s investments in asset-backed securities are subject to risks similar to those associated with mortgage-related securities, as well as additional risks associated with the nature of the assets and the servicing of those assets. These securities also are subject to the risk of default on the underlying mortgages or assets, particularly during periods of economic downturn. Certain CMBS are issued in several classes with different levels of yield and credit protection. The Fund’s investments in CMBS with several classes may be in the lower classes that have greater risks than the higher classes, including greater interest rate, credit and prepayment risks.
Mortgage-backed securities may be either pass-through securities or collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”). Pass-through securities represent a right to receive principal and interest payments collected on a pool of mortgages, which are passed through to security holders. CMOs are created by dividing the principal and interest payments collected on a pool of mortgages into several revenue streams (“tranches”) with different priority rights to portions of the underlying mortgage payments. Certain CMO tranches may represent a right to receive interest only (“IOs”), principal only (“POs”) or an amount that remains after floating-rate tranches are paid (an “inverse floater”). These securities are frequently referred to as “mortgage derivatives” and may be extremely sensitive to changes in interest rates. Interest rates on inverse floaters, for example, vary inversely with a short-term floating rate (which may be reset periodically). Interest rates on inverse floaters will decrease when short-term rates increase, and will increase when short-term rates decrease. These securities have the effect of providing a degree of investment leverage. In response to changes in market interest rates or other market conditions, the value of an inverse floater
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may increase or decrease at a multiple of the increase or decrease in the value of the underlying securities. If the Fund invests in CMO tranches (including CMO tranches issued by government agencies) and interest rates move in a manner not anticipated by Fund management, it is possible that the Fund could lose all or substantially all of its investment. Certain mortgage-backed securities in which the Fund may invest may also provide a degree of investment leverage, which could cause the Fund to lose all or substantially all of its investment.
The mortgage market in the United States has experienced difficulties that may adversely affect the performance and market value of certain of the Fund’s mortgage-related investments. Delinquencies and losses on mortgage loans (including subprime and second-lien mortgage loans) and a decline in or flattening of real estate values (in each case as has been experienced and may continue to be experienced in many housing markets) may exacerbate such delinquencies and losses. Also, a number of mortgage loan originators have experienced serious financial difficulties or bankruptcy. Reduced investor demand for mortgage loans and mortgage-related securities and increased investor yield requirements have caused limited liquidity in the secondary market for mortgage-related securities, which can adversely affect the market value of mortgage-related securities. It is possible that such limited liquidity in such secondary markets could continue or worsen.
Asset-backed securities entail certain risks not presented by mortgage-backed securities, including the risk that in certain states it may be difficult to perfect the liens securing the collateral backing certain asset-backed securities. In addition, certain asset-backed securities are based on loans that are unsecured, which means that there is no collateral to seize if the underlying borrower defaults.
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Operational and Technology Risks — The Fund and the entities with which it interacts directly or indirectly are susceptible to operational and technology risks, including those related to human errors, processing errors, communication errors, systems failures, cybersecurity incidents, and the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning (“AI”), which may result in losses for the Fund and its shareholders or impair the Fund’s operations. These entities include, but are not limited to, the Fund’s adviser, administrator, distributor, other service providers (e.g., index and benchmark providers, accountants, custodians, and transfer agents), financial intermediaries, counterparties, market makers, authorized participants, listing exchanges, other financial market operators, and governmental authorities. Operational and technology risks for the issuers in which the Fund invests could also result in material adverse consequences for such issuers and may cause the Fund’s investments in such issuers to lose value. The Fund may incur substantial costs in order to mitigate operational and technology risks.
Cybersecurity incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events against an issuer in which the Fund invests, the Fund or any of its service providers. They include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to systems, misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting or destroying data, and causing operational disruption. Geopolitical tension may increase the scale and sophistication of deliberate attacks, particularly those from nation states or from entities with nation state backing. Cybersecurity incidents may result in any of the following: financial losses; interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV; disclosure of confidential information; impediments to trading; submission of erroneous trades by the Fund or erroneous subscription or redemption orders; the inability of the Fund or its service providers to transact business; violations of applicable privacy and other laws; regulatory fines; penalties; reputational damage; reimbursement or other compensation costs; and other legal and compliance expenses. Furthermore, cybersecurity incidents may render records of the Fund, including records relating to its assets and transactions, shareholder ownership of Fund shares, and other data integral to the Fund’s functioning, inaccessible, inaccurate or incomplete. Power outages, natural disasters, equipment malfunctions and processing errors that threaten information and technology systems relied upon by the Fund or its service providers, as well as market events that occur at a pace that overloads these systems, may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data. In addition, the risks of increased use of AI technologies, such as machine learning, include data risk, transparency risk, and operational risk. The AI technologies, which are generally highly reliant on the collection and analysis of large amounts of data, may incorporate biased or inaccurate data, and it is not possible or practicable to incorporate all relevant data into such technologies. The output or results of any such AI technologies may therefore be incomplete, erroneous, distorted or misleading. Further, AI tools may lack transparency as to how data is utilized and how outputs are generated. AI technologies may also allow the unintended introduction of vulnerabilities into infrastructures and applications. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result of these risks associated with AI technologies. AI technologies and their current and potential future applications, and the regulatory frameworks within which they operate, continue to quickly evolve, and it is impossible to anticipate the full scope of future AI capabilities or rules and the associated risks to the Fund.
While the Fund’s service providers are required to have appropriate operational, information security and cybersecurity risk management policies and procedures, their methods of risk management may differ from those of the Fund in the setting of priorities, the personnel and resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. The Fund and its adviser seek to reduce these risks through controls, procedures and oversight, including establishing business continuity plans and risk management systems. However, there are inherent limitations in
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such plans and systems, including the possibility that certain risks that may affect the Fund have not been identified or may emerge in the future; that such plans and systems may not completely eliminate the occurrence or mitigate the effects of operational or information security disruptions or failures or of cybersecurity incidents; or that prevention and remediation efforts will not be successful or that incidents will go undetected. The Fund cannot control the systems, information security or other cybersecurity of the issuers in which it invests or its service providers, counterparties, and other third parties whose activities affect the Fund.
Lastly, the regulatory climate governing cybersecurity and data protection is developing quickly and may vary considerably across jurisdictions. Regulators continue to develop new rules and standards related to cybersecurity and data protection. Compliance with evolving regulations can be demanding and costly, requiring substantial resources to monitor and implement required changes.
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Prepayment Risk — When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated, and the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. In periods of falling interest rates, the rate of prepayments tends to increase (as does price fluctuation) as borrowers are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower rates. During such periods, reinvestment of the prepayment proceeds by the management team will generally be at lower rates of return than the return on the assets that were prepaid. Prepayment reduces the yield to maturity and the average life of the security.
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Repurchase Agreements and Purchase and Sale Contracts Risk — If the other party to a repurchase agreement or purchase and sale contract defaults on its obligation under the agreement, the Fund may suffer delays and incur costs or lose money in exercising its rights under the agreement. If the seller fails to repurchase the security in either situation and the market value of the security declines, the Fund may lose money.
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Risk of Investing in the United States — A decrease in imports or exports, changes in trade regulations, inflation and/or an economic recession in the United States may have a material adverse effect on the U.S. economy and the securities listed on U.S. exchanges. Proposed and adopted policy and legislative changes in the United States are changing many aspects of financial, commercial, public health, environmental, and other regulation and may have a significant effect on U.S. markets generally, as well as on the value of certain securities. Governmental agencies project that the United States will continue to maintain elevated public debt levels for the foreseeable future. Although elevated debt levels do not necessarily indicate or cause economic problems, elevated public debt service costs may constrain future economic growth.
The United States has developed increasingly strained relations with a number of foreign countries. If relations with certain countries deteriorate, it could adversely affect U.S. issuers as well as non-U.S. issuers that rely on the United States for trade. The United States has also experienced increased internal political discord, as well as significant challenges in managing and containing the outbreak of COVID-19. If these trends were to continue, it may have an adverse impact on the U.S. economy and the issuers in which the Fund invests.
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Stable Net Asset Value Risk — The Fund may not be able to maintain a stable NAV of $1.00 per share at all times. If the Fund fails to maintain a stable NAV (or if there is a perceived threat of such a failure), the Fund, along with other money market funds, could be subject to increased redemption activity.
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Treasury Obligations Risk — Direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury have historically involved little risk of loss of principal if held to maturity. However, due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. In addition, notwithstanding that U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
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U.S. Government Obligations Risk — Not all U.S. Government securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Obligations of certain agencies, authorities, instrumentalities and sponsored enterprises of the U.S. Government are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States (e.g., the Government National Mortgage Association); other obligations are backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury (e.g., the Federal Home Loan Banks) and others are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase an agency’s obligations. Still others are backed only by the credit of the agency, authority, instrumentality or sponsored enterprise issuing the obligation. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government would provide financial support to any of these entities if it is not obligated to do so by law. In addition, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal on U.S. Government obligations, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
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Variable and Floating Rate Instrument Risk — Variable and floating rate securities provide for periodic adjustment in the interest rate paid on the securities. Securities with floating or variable interest rates can be less sensitive to
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interest rate changes than securities with fixed interest rates, but may decline in value if their coupon rates do not reset as high, or as quickly, as comparable market interest rates, and generally carry lower yields than fixed securities of the same maturity. These securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. A decline in interest rates may result in a reduction in income received from variable and floating rate securities held by the Fund and may adversely affect the value of the Fund’s shares. Benchmark interest rates may not accurately track market interest rates. Although floating rate securities are less sensitive to interest rate risk than fixed-rate securities, they are subject to credit risk and default risk, which could impair their value.
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When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments Risk — When-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments involve the risk that the security the Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party to the transaction will not meet its obligation. If this occurs, the Fund may lose both the investment opportunity for the assets it set aside to pay for the security and any gain in the security’s price.
Other Risks of Investing in the Fund
The Fund may also be subject to certain other non-principal risks associated with its investments and investment strategies, including:
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Borrowing Risk — Borrowing may exaggerate changes in the NAV of Fund shares and in the return on the Fund’s portfolio. Borrowing will cost the Fund interest expense and other fees. The costs of borrowing may reduce the Fund’s return. Borrowing may cause the Fund to liquidate positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations.
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Expense Risk — Fund expenses are subject to a variety of factors, including fluctuations in the Fund’s net assets. Accordingly, actual expenses may be greater or less than those indicated. For example, to the extent that the Fund’s net assets decrease due to market declines or redemptions, the Fund’s expenses will increase as a percentage of Fund net assets. During periods of high market volatility, these increases in the Fund’s expense ratio could be significant.
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Illiquid Investments Risk — The Fund’s illiquid investments may reduce the returns of the Fund because it may be difficult to sell the illiquid investments at an advantageous time or price. The Fund may be unable to pay redemption proceeds within the time period stated in this prospectus because of unusual market conditions, an unusually high volume of redemption requests, or other reasons.
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Investment in Other Investment Companies Risk — As with other investments, investments in other investment companies, including exchange-traded funds, are subject to market and selection risk. In addition, if the Fund acquires shares of investment companies, including ones affiliated with the Fund, shareholders bear both their proportionate share of expenses in the Fund (including management and advisory fees) and, indirectly, the expenses of the investment companies (to the extent not offset by BlackRock through waivers). To the extent the Fund is held by an affiliated fund, the ability of the Fund itself to hold other investment companies may be limited.
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Large Shareholder and Large-Scale Redemption Risk — Certain shareholders, including a third-party investor, the Fund’s adviser or an affiliate of the Fund’s adviser, or another entity, may from time to time own or manage a substantial amount of Fund shares or may invest in the Fund and hold its investment for a limited period of time. There can be no assurance that any large shareholder or large group of shareholders would not redeem their investment or that the size of the Fund would be maintained. Redemptions of a large number of Fund shares by these shareholders may adversely affect the Fund’s liquidity and net assets. These redemptions may force the Fund to sell portfolio securities to meet redemption requests when it might not otherwise do so, which may negatively impact the Fund. In addition, large redemptions can result in the Fund’s current expenses being allocated over a smaller asset base, which generally could result in an increase in the Fund’s expense ratio.
◼
Municipal Securities Risks — Municipal securities risks include the ability of the issuer to repay the obligation, the relative lack of information about certain issuers of municipal securities, and the possibility of future legislative changes which could affect the market for and value of municipal securities. Budgetary constraints of local, state, and federal governments upon which the issuers may be relying for funding may also impact municipal securities. These risks include:
General Obligation Bonds Risks — The full faith, credit and taxing power of the municipality that issues a general obligation bond secures payment of interest and repayment of principal. Timely payments depend on the issuer’s credit quality, ability to raise tax revenues and ability to maintain an adequate tax base.
Revenue Bonds Risks — Payments of interest and principal on revenue bonds are made only from the revenues generated by a particular facility, class of facilities or the proceeds of a special tax or other revenue source. These payments depend on the money earned by the particular facility or class of facilities, or the amount of revenues derived from another source.
17
Private Activity Bonds Risks — Municipalities and other public authorities issue private activity bonds to finance development of industrial facilities for use by a private enterprise. The private enterprise pays the principal and interest on the bond, and the issuer does not pledge its full faith, credit and taxing power for repayment. If the private enterprise defaults on its payments, the Fund may not receive any income or get its money back from the investment.
Moral Obligation Bonds Risks — Moral obligation bonds are generally issued by special purpose public authorities of a state or municipality. If the issuer is unable to meet its obligations, repayment of these bonds becomes a moral commitment, but not a legal obligation, of the state or municipality.
Municipal Notes Risks — Municipal notes are shorter term municipal debt obligations. They may provide interim financing in anticipation of, and are secured by, tax collection, bond sales or revenue receipts. If there is a shortfall in the anticipated proceeds, the notes may not be fully repaid and the Fund may lose money.
Municipal Lease Obligations Risks — In a municipal lease obligation, the issuer agrees to make payments when due on the lease obligation. The issuer will generally appropriate municipal funds for that purpose, but is not obligated to do so. Although the issuer does not pledge its unlimited taxing power for payment of the lease obligation, the lease obligation is secured by the leased property. However, if the issuer does not fulfill its payment obligation it may be difficult to sell the property and the proceeds of a sale may not cover the Fund’s loss.
Tax-Exempt Status Risk — In making investments, the Fund and its investment manager will rely on the opinion of issuers’ bond counsel and, in the case of derivative securities, sponsors’ counsel, on the tax-exempt status of interest on municipal obligations and payments under tax-exempt derivative securities. Neither the Fund nor its investment manager will independently review the bases for those tax opinions. If any of those tax opinions are ultimately determined to be incorrect or if events occur after the security is acquired that impact the security’s tax-exempt status, the Fund and its shareholders could be subject to substantial tax liabilities. The Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) has generally not ruled on the taxability of the securities. An assertion by the IRS that a portfolio security is not exempt from U.S. federal income tax (contrary to indications from the issuer) could affect the Fund’s and its shareholders’ income tax liability for the current or past years and could create liability for information reporting penalties. In addition, an IRS assertion of taxability may impair the liquidity and the fair market value of the securities.
◼
Ownership Limitations Risk — If certain aggregate and/or fund-level ownership thresholds are reached through transactions undertaken by BlackRock, its affiliates or the Fund, or as a result of third-party transactions or actions by an issuer or regulator, the ability of BlackRock and its affiliates on behalf of clients (including the Fund) to purchase or dispose of investments, exercise rights or undertake business transactions may be restricted by law, regulation or rule or otherwise impaired. The capacity of the Fund to invest in certain securities or other assets may be affected by the relevant threshold limits, and such limitations may have adverse effects on the liquidity and performance of the Fund’s portfolio holdings.
For example, ownership limits may apply to securities whose issuers operate in certain regulated industries or in certain international markets. Such limits also may apply where the investing entity (such as the Fund) is subject to corporate or regulatory ownership restrictions or invests in certain futures or other derivative transactions. In certain circumstances, aggregate and/or fund-level amounts invested or voted by BlackRock and its affiliates for client funds and accounts managed by BlackRock (including the Fund) may not exceed the relevant limits without the grant of a license or other regulatory or corporate approval, order, consent, relief or non-disapproval. However, there is no guarantee that permission will be granted, or that, once granted, it will not be modified or revoked at a later date with minimal or no notice. In other cases, exceeding such thresholds may cause BlackRock and its affiliates, the Fund or other client accounts to suffer disadvantages or business restrictions.
Ownership limitations are highly complex. It is possible that, despite BlackRock’s intent to either comply with or be granted permission to exceed ownership limitations, it may inadvertently breach a limit or violate the corporate or regulatory approval, order, consent, relief or non-disapproval that was obtained.
◼
Reliance on Advisor Risk — The Fund is dependent upon services and resources provided by BlackRock, and therefore BlackRock’s parent, BlackRock, Inc. BlackRock is not required to devote its full time to the business of the Fund and there is no guarantee or requirement that any investment professional or other employee of BlackRock will allocate a substantial portion of his or her time to the Fund. The loss of, or changes in, BlackRock’s personnel could have a negative effect on the performance or the continued operation of the Fund.
◼
Restricted Securities Risk — Limitations on the resale of restricted securities may have an adverse effect on their marketability, and may prevent the Fund from disposing of them promptly at advantageous prices. Restricted securities may not be listed on an exchange and may have no active trading market. In order to sell such securities, the Fund may have to bear the expense of registering the securities for resale and the risk of substantial delays in effecting the registration. Other transaction costs may be higher for restricted securities than unrestricted
18
securities. Restricted securities may be difficult to value because market quotations may not be readily available, and the securities may have significant volatility. Also, the Fund may get only limited information about the issuer of a given restricted security, and therefore may be less able to predict a loss. Certain restricted securities may involve a high degree of business and financial risk and may result in substantial losses to the Fund.
◼
Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk — Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held by the Fund with an agreement to repurchase the securities at an agreed-upon price, date and interest payment. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the other party may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The Fund could lose money if it is unable to recover the securities and the value of the collateral held by the Fund, including the value of the investments made with cash collateral, is less than the value of the securities. These events could also trigger adverse tax consequences for the Fund. In addition, reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the interest income earned in the investment of the proceeds will be less than the interest expense.
19
Account Information
How to Choose the Share Class that Best Suits Your Needs
The Fund currently offers multiple share classes (Investor A and Institutional Shares in this prospectus), each with its own sales charge and expense structure, allowing you to invest in the way that best suits your needs. The Fund no longer offers Investor C Shares to new investors. Each share class represents an ownership interest in the same investment portfolio of the Fund. When you choose your class of shares, you should consider the size of your investment and how long you plan to hold your shares. Either your financial professional or your selected securities dealer, broker, investment adviser, service provider or industry professional (including BlackRock and its affiliates) (each a “Financial Intermediary”) can help you determine which share class is best suited to your personal financial goals. Investor A and Investor C Shares are sometimes referred to herein collectively as “Investor Shares.”
If you exchange into Investor C Shares, you will invest the full amount of your purchase price, but you will be subject to a distribution fee of 0.75% per year and a service fee of 0.25% per year under a plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act. Because these fees are paid out of the Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. Since all Investor C Shares must be purchased in an exchange transaction for Investor C Shares of a non-money market fund advised by BlackRock or its affiliates (each a “Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund”), a contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) of 1.00% may apply to certain redemptions of the Fund’s Investor C Shares. The Investor C Shares CDSC is only charged upon redemptions of Investor C Shares within one year after you originally acquired the Investor C Shares of the Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund, unless you qualify for a waiver. There is no CDSC charged on redemptions if you have owned your Investor C Shares for more than one year (as measured from your original purchase of Investor C Shares of the Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund that you exchanged into Investor C Shares of the Fund). Classes with lower expenses will have higher net asset values and dividends relative to other share classes.
If you select Institutional Shares of the Fund, you will not pay any sales charge or service fees. However, only certain investors may buy Institutional Shares.
The Fund’s shares are distributed by BlackRock Investments, LLC (the “Distributor”), an affiliate of BlackRock.
The table on the following pages summarizes key features of each of the share classes offered by this prospectus.
Share Classes at a Glance1 
 
Investor A
Investor C2
Institutional
Availability
Generally available through
Financial Intermediaries.
Limited to exchanges from
Investor C Shares of the Non-
Money Market BlackRock Funds.
Must be held through a Financial
Intermediary.
Limited to certain investors,
including:
•Individuals who may purchase
shares of the Fund through a
Financial Intermediary that has
entered into an agreement with
the Distributor to purchase
such shares.
•Certain employee benefits
plans, such as health savings
accounts, and certain
employer-sponsored retirement
plans (not including SEP IRAs,
SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs) and
state sponsored 529 college
savings plans, each of which
may purchase shares of the
Fund through a Financial
Intermediary that has entered
into an agreement with the
20
 
Investor A
Investor C2
Institutional
Availability
(continued)
 
 
Distributor to purchase such
shares.
•Employees, officers and
directors/trustees of BlackRock
or its affiliates and immediate
family members of such
persons, if they open an
account directly with
BlackRock.
•Participants in certain
programs sponsored by
BlackRock or its affiliates or
other Financial Intermediaries.
•Tax-qualified accounts for
insurance agents that are
registered representatives of
an insurance company’s broker-
dealer that has entered into an
agreement with the Distributor
to offer Institutional Shares,
and the family members of
such persons.
•Clients investing through
Financial Intermediaries that
have entered into an
agreement with the Distributor
to offer such shares on a
platform that charges a
transaction based sales
commission outside of the
Fund.
•Clients investing through a self-
directed IRA brokerage account
program sponsored by a
retirement plan record-keeper,
provided that such program
offers only mutual fund options
and that the program maintains
an account with the Fund on an
omnibus basis.
Minimum Investment
$1,000 for all accounts except:
•$ 50, if establishing an
Automatic Investment Plan
(“AIP”).
•There is no investment
minimum for employer-
sponsored retirement plans
(not including SEP IRAs,
SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs).
•There is no investment
minimum for certain fee-based
programs.
$1,000 for all accounts except:
•$ 50, if establishing an AIP.
•There is no investment
minimum for employer-
sponsored retirement plans
(not including SEP IRAs,
SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs).
•There is no investment
minimum for certain fee-based
programs.
There is no investment minimum
for:
•Employer-sponsored retirement
plans (not including SEP IRAs,
SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs) and
state sponsored 529 college
savings plans.
•Employees, officers and
directors/trustees of BlackRock
or its affiliates and immediate
family members of such
persons, if they open an
account directly with
BlackRock.
•Clients of Financial
Intermediaries that: (i) charge
such clients a fee for advisory,
investment consulting, or
similar services or (ii) have
entered into an agreement with
the Distributor to offer
Institutional Shares through a
21
 
Investor A
Investor C2
Institutional
Minimum Investment
(continued)
 
 
no-load program or investment
platform.
•Clients investing through a self-
directed IRA brokerage account
program sponsored by a
retirement plan record-keeper,
provided that such program
offers only mutual fund options
and that the program maintains
an account with the Fund on an
omnibus basis.
$2 million for individuals.
$1,000 investment minimum for:
•Clients investing through
Financial Intermediaries that
offer such shares on a platform
that charges a transaction
based sales commission
outside of the Fund.
•Tax-qualified accounts for
insurance agents that are
registered representatives of
an insurance company’s broker-
dealer that has entered into an
agreement with the Distributor
to offer Institutional Shares,
and the family members of
such persons.
Initial Sales Charge?
No. Entire purchase price is
invested in shares of the Fund.
No. Entire purchase price is
invested in shares of the Fund.
No. Entire purchase price is
invested in shares of the Fund.
Deferred Sales
Charge?
No. (A CDSC may apply to certain
redemptions of Investor A Shares
purchased in an exchange
transaction for Investor A Shares
of a fund advised by BlackRock
or its affiliates where no initial
sales charge was paid at the
time of purchase of such fund
(each, an “Investor A Load-
Waived BlackRock Fund”) that
assesses a CDSC (which may be
charged for purchases of
$1 million or more (lesser
amounts may apply depending
on the Investor A Load-Waived
BlackRock Fund) that are
redeemed within 18 months or
within a shorter holding period
as applicable)).
Since all Investor C Shares must
be purchased in an exchange
transaction for Investor C Shares
of a Non-Money Market
BlackRock Fund, a CDSC of
1.00% will apply to redemptions
of the Fund’s Investor C Shares
if the redemption is within one
year of your purchase of the Non-
Money Market BlackRock Fund
Investor C Shares, unless you
qualify for a waiver.
No.
Distribution and
Service (12b-1) Fees?
No Distribution Fee.
0.25% Annual Service Fee.
0.75% Annual Distribution Fee.
0.25% Annual Service Fee.
No.
Redemption Fees?
The Fund may impose a
discretionary liquidity fee up to
2% when it is in the best
interests of the Fund. See
“Discretionary Liquidity Fees”
below.
The Fund may impose a
discretionary liquidity fee up to
2% when it is in the best
interests of the Fund. See
“Discretionary Liquidity Fees”
below.
The Fund may impose a
discretionary liquidity fee up to
2% when it is in the best
interests of the Fund. See
“Discretionary Liquidity Fees”
below.
Conversion to
Investor A Shares?
N/A
Yes, automatically approximately
eight years after the date of
purchase. It is the Financial
Intermediary’s responsibility to
No.
22
 
Investor A
Investor C2
Institutional
Conversion to
Investor A Shares?
(continued)
 
ensure that the shareholder is
credited with the proper holding
period. As of the Effective Date
(as defined below), certain
Financial Intermediaries,
including group retirement
recordkeeping platforms, may
not have been tracking such
holding periods and therefore
may not be able to process such
conversions. In such instances,
the automatic conversion of
Investor C Shares to Investor A
Shares will occur approximately
eight years after the Effective
Date.
In addition, accounts that do not
have a Financial Intermediary
associated with them are not
eligible to hold Investor C
Shares, and any Investor C
Shares held in such accounts will
be automatically converted to
Investor A Shares.
 
Advantage
Generally available to most
investors.
N/A
No ongoing shareholder servicing
fees.
Disadvantage
You pay ongoing shareholder
servicing fees.
Limited availability.
Limited availability.
 
1
Please see “Details About the Share Classes” for more information about each share class.
2
Investor C Shares are no longer offered for purchase by the Fund.
The following pages will cover the additional details of each share class, including the eligibility requirements for purchasing Institutional Shares, reduced sales charge information, Investor C Shares CDSC information and sales charge waivers.
The availability of certain sales charge waivers and reductions will depend on whether you purchase shares of an Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund or a Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund directly from the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund or Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund or through a Financial Intermediary before exchanging into shares of the Fund. Financial Intermediaries may have different policies and procedures regarding the availability of deferred sales charge waivers, which are discussed below. In all instances, it is your responsibility to notify the applicable Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund or Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund or your Financial Intermediary at the time of purchase of any relationship or other facts qualifying you for sales charge waivers or reductions. For waivers and discounts not available through a particular Financial Intermediary, shareholders will have to purchase Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund or Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund shares directly from the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund or Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund or through another Financial Intermediary to receive these waivers or reductions. Please see the “Intermediary-Defined Sales Charge Waiver Policies” section beginning on page A-1 of the Fund’s prospectus, as applicable, to determine any sales charge waivers and reductions that may be available to you through your Financial Intermediary.
More information about existing sales charge reductions and waivers is available free of charge in a clear and prominent format via hyperlink at www.blackrock.com and in the SAI, which is available on the website or on request.
23
Details About the Share Classes
Investor A Shares at Net Asset Value
There is no initial sales charge or CDSC on Investor A Shares of the Fund purchased directly. However, a CDSC of up to 1.00% may apply to certain redemptions of the Fund’s Investor A Shares purchased in an exchange transaction for Investor A Shares of an Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund where no initial sales charge was paid at time of purchase of such Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund as part of an investment of $1,000,000 (lesser amounts may apply depending on the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund) or more. If the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund from which you exchanged your shares charges a CDSC less than 1.00%, the lesser CDSC will apply to redemptions of Investor A Shares of the Fund. The CDSC of up to 1.00% is charged on the lesser of the original cost of the shares being redeemed or your redemption proceeds. The Investor A Shares CDSC is only charged upon redemptions of Investor A Shares within 18 months after you originally acquired such Investor A Shares of the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund (a shorter holding period may apply depending on the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund), unless you qualify for a waiver. There is no CDSC charged on redemptions if you have owned your Investor A Shares for more than 18 months (or for a shorter holding period, as applicable) as measured from your original purchase of Investor A Shares that you exchanged into Investor A Shares of the Fund. Such CDSC may be waived in connection with certain fee-based programs. For a discussion on waivers, see “Contingent Deferred Sales Charge Waivers.” Any CDSC paid upon certain redemptions of Investor A Shares expressed as a percentage of the applicable redemption amount may be higher or lower than the charge described due to rounding.
See the “Intermediary-Defined Sales Charge Waiver Policies” section beginning on page A-1 of the Fund’s prospectus, to the extent applicable, for CDSC reductions and waivers that may be available to customers of certain Financial Intermediaries. If you are eligible to buy both Investor A and Institutional Shares, you should buy Institutional Shares since Investor A Shares are subject to an annual 0.25% service fee, while Institutional Shares are not. The Distributor normally pays the annual Investor A Shares service fee to dealers as a shareholder servicing fee on a monthly basis.
Investor C Shares — Deferred Sales Charge Option
If you exchange into Investor C Shares, you do not pay an initial sales charge at the time of exchange. However, if you redeem your Investor C Shares within one year after purchase of shares of a Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund, you may be required to pay a deferred sales charge of 1.00%. The charge will apply to the lesser of the original cost of the shares being redeemed or the proceeds of your redemption. When you redeem Investor C Shares, the redemption order is processed so that the lowest deferred sales charge is charged. Investor C Shares that are not subject to the deferred sales charge are redeemed first. In addition, you will not be charged a deferred sales charge when you redeem shares that you acquire through reinvestment of Fund dividends or capital gains. Any CDSC paid on the redemptions of Investor C Shares expressed as a percentage of the applicable redemption amount may be higher or lower than the charge described due to rounding.
Effective November 23, 2020 (the “Effective Date”), Investor C Shares will automatically convert to Investor A Shares approximately eight years after the date of purchase. It is the Financial Intermediary’s responsibility to ensure that the shareholder is credited with the proper holding period. As of the Effective Date, certain Financial Intermediaries, including group retirement recordkeeping platforms, may not have been tracking such holding periods and therefore may not be able to process such conversions. In such instances, the automatic conversion of Investor C Shares to Investor A Shares will occur approximately eight years after the Effective Date. The automatic conversion of Investor C Shares to Investor A Shares is not a taxable event for Federal income tax purposes. Please consult your Financial Intermediary for additional information. In addition, accounts that do not have a Financial Intermediary associated with them are not eligible to hold Investor C Shares, and any Investor C Shares held in such accounts will be automatically converted to Investor A Shares.
See the “Intermediary-Defined Sales Charge Waiver Policies” section beginning on page A-1 of the Fund’s prospectus, to the extent applicable, for CDSC reductions and waivers that may be available to customers of certain Financial Intermediaries.
You will also pay distribution fees of 0.75% and service fees of 0.25% for Investor C Shares each year. Because these fees are paid out of the Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. The Distributor uses the money that it receives from the deferred sales charges and the distribution fees to cover the costs of marketing, advertising and compensating the Financial Intermediary who assists you in purchasing Fund shares.
The Distributor currently pays dealers a sales concession of 1.00% of the purchase price of Investor C Shares of a Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund from its own resources at the time of sale. The Distributor pays the annual Investor C Shares distribution fee and the annual Investor C Shares service fee as an ongoing concession and as a
24
shareholder servicing fee, respectively, to dealers annually for Investor C Shares held for over a year measured from the time Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund shares were originally purchased and normally retains the Investor C Shares distribution fee and service fee during the first year after purchase. For certain employer-sponsored retirement plans, the Distributor will pay the full Investor C Shares distribution fee and service fee to dealers beginning in the first year after purchase in lieu of paying the sales concession. This may depend on the policies, procedures and trading platforms of your Financial Intermediary; consult your financial adviser.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge Waivers
The deferred sales charge relating to Investor Shares may be reduced or waived in certain circumstances, such as:
◼
Redemptions of shares purchased through certain employer-sponsored retirement plans and rollovers of current investments in the Fund through such plans;
◼
Exchanges pursuant to the exchange privilege, as described in “How to Buy, Sell, Exchange and Transfer Shares — How to Exchange Shares or Transfer Your Account”;
◼
Redemptions made in connection with minimum required distributions from IRA or 403(b)(7) accounts due to the shareholder reaching the age of 72;
◼
Redemptions made with respect to certain retirement plans sponsored by the Fund, BlackRock or an affiliate;
◼
Redemptions resulting from shareholder death as long as the waiver request is made within one year of death or, if later, reasonably promptly following completion of probate (including in connection with the distribution of account assets to a beneficiary of the decedent);
◼
Withdrawals resulting from shareholder disability (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) as long as the disability arose subsequent to the purchase of the shares;
◼
Involuntary redemptions made of shares in accounts with low balances;
◼
Certain redemptions made through the Systematic Withdrawal Plan offered by the Fund, BlackRock or an affiliate;
◼
Redemptions related to the payment of BNY Mellon Investment Servicing Trust Company custodial IRA fees; and
◼
Redemptions when a shareholder can demonstrate hardship, in the absolute discretion of the Fund.
See the “Intermediary-Defined Sales Charge Waiver Policies” section beginning on page A-1 of the Fund’s prospectus, to the extent applicable, for CDSC reductions and waivers that may be available to customers of certain Financial Intermediaries.
More information about existing sales charge reductions and waivers is available free of charge in a clear and prominent format via hyperlink at https://www.blackrock.com/cash/en-us/home-page-t3 and in the SAI, which is available on the website or on request.
Institutional Shares
Institutional Shares are not subject to any sales charge. Only certain investors are eligible to buy Institutional Shares. Your Financial Intermediary can help you determine whether you are eligible to buy Institutional Shares. The Fund may permit a lower initial investment for certain investors if their purchase, combined with purchases by other investors received together by the Fund, meets the minimum investment requirement.
Institutional Shares may also be available on certain brokerage platforms. An investor transacting in Institutional Shares on such brokerage platforms through a broker acting as an agent for the investor may be required to pay a commission and/or other forms of compensation to the broker. Shares of the Fund are available in other share classes that have different fees and expenses.
Eligible Institutional Share investors include the following, provided that the beneficial owners of the Institutional Shares are natural persons:
◼
Individuals with a minimum initial investment of $2 million who may purchase shares of the Fund through a Financial Intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to purchase such shares;
◼
Clients of Financial Intermediaries that: (i) charge such clients a fee for advisory, investment consulting, or similar services or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Institutional Shares through a no-load program or investment platform, in each case, with no minimum initial investment;
◼
Clients investing through Financial Intermediaries that have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer such shares on a platform that charges a transaction based sales commission outside of the Fund, with a minimum initial investment of $1,000;
25
◼
Certain employee benefits plans, such as health savings accounts, and certain employer-sponsored retirement plans (not including SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs) and state sponsored 529 college savings plans, each of which is not subject to any minimum initial investment and may purchase shares of the Fund through a Financial Intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to purchase such shares;
◼
Trust department clients of Bank of America, N.A. and its affiliates for whom they (i) act in a fiduciary capacity (excluding participant directed employee benefit plans); (ii) otherwise have investment discretion; or (iii) act as custodian for at least $2 million in assets, who are not subject to any minimum initial investment;
◼
Holders of certain Bank of America Corporation (“BofA Corp.”) sponsored unit investment trusts (“UITs”) who reinvest dividends received from such UITs in shares of the Fund, who are not subject to any minimum initial investment;
◼
Employees, officers and directors/trustees of BlackRock, Inc., mutual funds sponsored and advised by BlackRock or its affiliates (“BlackRock Funds”), BofA Corp., Barclays PLC or their respective affiliates and immediate family members of such persons, if they open an account directly with BlackRock, who are not subject to any minimum initial investment;
◼
Tax-qualified accounts for insurance agents that are registered representatives of an insurance company’s broker-dealer that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Institutional Shares, and the family members of such persons; and
◼
Clients investing through a self-directed IRA brokerage account program sponsored by a retirement plan record-keeper, provided that such program offers only mutual fund options and that the program maintains an account with the Fund on an omnibus basis.
The Fund reserves the right to modify or waive the above-stated policies at any time.
Right of Accumulation
Investors have a “right of accumulation” under which any of the following may be combined with the amount of the current purchase in determining whether an investor qualifies for a breakpoint and a reduced front-end sales charge:
i.
The current value of an investor’s existing Investor A and A1, Investor C, Investor P, Institutional, Class K and Premier Shares in most BlackRock Funds,
ii.
The current value of an investor’s existing shares of certain unlisted closed-end management investment companies sponsored and advised by BlackRock or its affiliates and
iii.
The investment in the BlackRock CollegeAdvantage 529 Program by the investor or by or on behalf of the investor’s spouse and children.
Financial Intermediaries may value current holdings of their customers differently for purposes of determining whether an investor qualifies for a breakpoint and a reduced front-end sales charge, although customers of the same Financial Intermediary will be treated similarly. In order to use this right, the investor must alert BlackRock to the existence of any previously purchased shares.
Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Payments
Plan Payments
The Fund has adopted a plan (the “Plan”) that allows the Fund to pay distribution fees for the sale of its shares and shareholder servicing fees for certain services provided to its shareholders.
The distribution fees payable pursuant to the Plan are paid to compensate Financial Intermediaries for distribution and sales support services and related expenses provided in connection with the sale of Investor C Shares, as well as shareholder support services, including responding to customer questions on the services performed by the Financial Intermediary and investments in Fund shares, assisting customers in choosing and changing dividend options, account designations and addresses and providing other similar shareholder liaison services. Because the fees paid by the Fund under the Plan are paid out of the Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment in the Investor C Shares of the Fund and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges.
Other Payments by the Fund
In addition to fees that the Fund may pay to a Financial Intermediary pursuant to the Plan and fees the Fund pays to its transfer agent, BlackRock, on behalf of the Fund, may enter into non-Plan agreements with affiliated and unaffiliated Financial Intermediaries pursuant to which the Fund will pay a Financial Intermediary for administrative, networking,
26
recordkeeping, sub-transfer agency, sub-accounting and/or shareholder services. These non-Plan payments are generally based on either (1) a percentage of the average daily net assets of Fund shareholders serviced by a Financial Intermediary or (2) a fixed dollar amount for each account serviced by a Financial Intermediary. The aggregate amount of these payments may be substantial.
Other Payments by BlackRock
From time to time, BlackRock, the Distributor or their affiliates also may pay a portion of the fees for administrative, networking, recordkeeping, sub-transfer agency, sub-accounting and shareholder services described above at its or their own expense and out of its or their profits. BlackRock, the Distributor and their affiliates may also compensate affiliated and unaffiliated Financial Intermediaries for the sale and distribution of shares of the Fund. These payments would be in addition to the Fund payments described in this prospectus and may be a fixed dollar amount, may be based on the number of customer accounts maintained by the Financial Intermediary, may be based on a percentage of the value of shares sold to, or held by, customers of the Financial Intermediary or may be calculated on another basis. The aggregate amount of these payments by BlackRock, the Distributor and their affiliates may be substantial and, in some circumstances, may create an incentive for a Financial Intermediary, its employees or associated persons to recommend or sell shares of the Fund to you.
Please contact your Financial Intermediary for details about payments it may receive from the Fund or from BlackRock, the Distributor or their affiliates. For more information, see the SAI.
How to Buy, Sell, Exchange and Transfer Shares
The chart on the following pages summarizes how to buy, sell, exchange and transfer shares through your Financial Intermediary. You may also buy, sell, exchange and transfer shares through BlackRock if your account is held directly with BlackRock. To learn more about buying, selling, exchanging and transferring shares through BlackRock, call (800) 441-7762. Because the selection of a mutual fund involves many considerations, your Financial Intermediary may help you with this decision.
With certain limited exceptions, the Fund is generally available only to investors residing in the United States and may not be distributed by a foreign Financial Intermediary. Under this policy, in order to accept new accounts or additional investments (including by way of exchange from another BlackRock Fund) into existing accounts, the Fund generally requires that (i) a shareholder that is a natural person be a U.S. citizen or resident alien, in each case residing within the United States or a U.S. territory (including APO/FPO/DPO addresses), and have a valid U.S. taxpayer identification number, and (ii) a Financial Intermediary or a shareholder that is an entity be domiciled in the United States and have a valid U.S. taxpayer identification number or be domiciled in a U.S. territory and have a valid U.S. taxpayer identification number or IRS Form W-8. Any existing account that is updated to reflect a non-U.S. address will also be restricted from making additional investments.
The Fund may reject any purchase order, modify or waive the minimum initial or subsequent investment requirements for any shareholders and suspend and resume the sale of any share class of the Fund at any time for any reason. In addition, the Fund may waive certain requirements regarding the purchase, sale, exchange or transfer of shares described below and on the following pages.
The Fund is a retail money market fund and is intended only for sale to beneficial owners who are natural persons. Natural persons may invest in the Fund through certain tax-advantaged savings accounts, trusts and other retirement and investment accounts, which may include, among others: participant-directed defined contribution plans; individual retirement accounts; simplified employee pension arrangements; simple retirement accounts; custodial accounts; deferred compensation plans for government or tax-exempt organization employees; Archer medical savings accounts; college savings plans; health savings account plans; ordinary trusts and estates of natural persons; or certain other retirement and investment accounts with ultimate investment authority held by the natural person beneficial owner, notwithstanding having an institutional decision maker making day to day decisions (e.g., a plan sponsor in certain retirement arrangements or an investment adviser managing discretionary investment accounts). Financial Intermediaries are required to adopt and implement policies, procedures and internal controls reasonably designed to limit all beneficial owners of the Fund to natural persons. Financial Intermediaries are expected to promptly report to the Fund the existence of any shareholder of the Fund that does not qualify as a natural person of whom they are aware, promptly notify such shareholder, and take steps to redeem any such shareholder’s Fund shares.
The Fund reserves the right to redeem shares in any account that it cannot confirm to its satisfaction is beneficially owned by a natural person, after providing at least 60 days’ advance notice.
Under certain circumstances, if no activity occurs in an account within a time period specified by state law, a shareholder’s shares in the Fund may be transferred to that state.
27
How to Buy Shares 
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Initial Purchase
First, select the share class
appropriate for you
Refer to the “Share Classes at a Glance” table in this prospectus (be
sure to read this prospectus carefully). When you place your initial
order, you must indicate which share class you select (if you do not
specify a share class and do not qualify to purchase Institutional
Shares, you will receive Investor A Shares).
Certain factors, such as the amount of your investment, your time
frame for investing, and your financial goals, may affect which share
class you choose. Your financial representative can help you determine
which share class is appropriate for you.
 
Next, determine the amount of
your investment
Refer to the minimum initial investment in the “Share Classes at a
Glance” table of this prospectus.
See “Account Information — Details About the Share Classes” for
information on a lower initial investment requirement for certain Fund
investors if their purchase, combined with purchases by other investors
received together by the Fund, meets the minimum investment
requirement.
 
Have your Financial Intermediary
submit your purchase order
Purchase orders received by the Fund’s transfer agent, BNY Mellon
Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (the “Transfer Agent”), before 4:00 p.m.
(Eastern time) on each business day will be priced based on the next
NAV calculated on that day, and if you send your payment by Federal
funds or other immediately available funds no later than the close of
the federal funds wire (normally 6:45 p.m. (Eastern time)) you will
receive that day’s dividends. Certain Financial Intermediaries, however,
may require submission of orders prior to that time. Purchase orders
placed after 3:55 p.m. (Eastern time) will not be transmitted by the
Fund’s internet-based order entry program. Account holders may
transmit their trades during the next time window when internet-based
trading resumes. The Fund also reserves the right to limit the amount
of such orders or to reject an order for any reason.
NAV is calculated separately for each class of shares of the Fund as of
the close of business on the New York Stock Exchange (“Exchange”),
generally 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time), each business day. Shares will be
priced on days that both the Exchange and the Federal Reserve Bank of
Philadelphia are open (each such day, a “business day”). The Fund may
elect, in its discretion if it is determined to be in shareholders’ best
interest, to be open on days when the Exchange is closed due to an
emergency. Both the Exchange and the Federal Reserve Bank of
Philadelphia are closed on New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day,
Presidents’ Day, Memorial Day, Juneteenth, Independence Day, Labor
Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Currently the only scheduled
days on which the Exchange is open and the Federal Reserve Bank of
Philadelphia is closed are Columbus Day and Veterans’ Day. The only
scheduled day on which the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia is
open and the Exchange is closed is Good Friday.
Purchase orders placed after 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) will be priced at
the NAV determined on the next business day.
A broker-dealer or financial institution maintaining the account in which
you hold shares may charge a separate account, service or transaction
fee on the purchase or sale of Fund shares that would be in addition to
the fees and expenses shown in the Fund’s “Fees and Expenses”
table.
The Fund may reject any order to buy shares and may suspend the sale
of shares at any time. Certain Financial Intermediaries may charge a
processing fee to confirm a purchase.
 
Or contact BlackRock (for
accounts held directly with
BlackRock)
To purchase shares directly from BlackRock, call (800) 441-7762 and
request a new account application. Mail the completed application
along with a check payable to BlackRock Funds to the Transfer Agent,
at the address on the application.
28
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Add to Your
Investment
Purchase additional shares
For Investor A Shares, the minimum investment for additional
purchases is generally $50 for all accounts (with the exception of
certain employer-sponsored retirement plans which may have a lower
minimum for additional purchases). The minimums for additional
purchases may be waived under certain circumstances. Institutional
Shares have no minimum for additional purchases.
 
Have your Financial Intermediary
submit your purchase order for
additional shares
To purchase additional shares you may contact your Financial
Intermediary. For more details on purchasing by Internet see below.
 
Or contact BlackRock (for
accounts held directly with
BlackRock)
Purchase by Telephone: Call (800) 441-7762 and speak with one of
our representatives. The Fund has the right to reject any telephone
request for any reason.
Purchase in Writing: You may send a written request to BlackRock at
the address on the back cover of this prospectus.
Purchase by VRU: Investor A Shares may also be purchased by use of
the Fund’s automated voice response unit (“VRU”) service at
(800) 441-7762.
Purchase by Internet: You may purchase your shares and view activity
in your account by logging onto the BlackRock website at
www.blackrock.com. Purchases made on the Internet using the
Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) will have a trade date that is the
day after the purchase is made.
Certain institutional clients’ purchase orders placed by wire prior to the
close of business on the Exchange will be priced at the NAV determined
that day. Purchase orders placed after 3:55 p.m. (Eastern time) will not
be transmitted by the Fund’s internet-based order entry program.
Account holders may transmit their trades during the next time window
when internet-based trading resumes. The Fund also reserves the right
to limit the amount of such orders or to reject an order for any reason.
Contact your Financial Intermediary or BlackRock for further
information.
The Fund limits Internet purchases through the transfer agent’s order
entry program which may be reached through www.blackrock.com in
shares of the Fund to $100,000 per account per day. Different
maximums may apply to certain institutional investors.
Please read the On-Line Services Disclosure Statement and User
Agreement, the Terms and Conditions page and the Consent to
Electronic Delivery Agreement (if you consent to electronic delivery),
before attempting to transact online.
The Fund employs reasonable procedures to confirm that transactions
entered over the Internet are genuine. By entering into the User
Agreement with the Fund in order to open an account through the
website, the shareholder waives any right to reclaim any losses from
the Fund or any of its affiliates, incurred through fraudulent active.
 
Acquire additional shares by
reinvesting dividends and capital
gains
All dividends and capital gains distributions are automatically
reinvested without a sales charge. To make any changes to your
dividend and/or capital gains distributions options, please call
(800) 441-7762, or contact your Financial Intermediary (if your account
is not held directly with BlackRock).
 
Participate in the AIP
BlackRock’s AIP allows you to invest a specific amount on a periodic
basis from your checking or savings account into your investment
account.
Refer to the “Account Services and Privileges” section of this
prospectus for additional information.
How to Pay for
Shares
Making payment for purchases
Payment for an order must be made in Federal funds or other
immediately available funds by the time specified by your Financial
Intermediary, but in no event later than the close of the federal funds
wire (normally 6:45 p.m. (Eastern time)). If payment is not received by
this time, the order will be canceled and you and your Financial
Intermediary will be responsible for any loss to the Fund.
29
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
How to Pay for
Shares (continued)
Making payment for purchases
(continued)
For shares purchased directly from the Fund, a check payable to
BlackRock Funds which bears the name of the Fund must accompany a
completed purchase application. There is a $20 fee for each purchase
check that is returned due to insufficient funds. The Fund does not
accept third-party checks. You may also wire Federal funds to the
Transfer Agent to purchase shares, but you must call (800) 441-7762
before doing so to confirm the wiring instructions.
 
How to Sell Shares 
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Full or Partial
Redemption of
Shares
Have your Financial Intermediary
submit your sales order
You can make redemption requests through your Financial
Intermediary. Shareholders should indicate whether they are
redeeming Investor A, Investor C or Institutional Shares. The price of
your shares is based on the next calculation of the Fund’s NAV after
your order is placed. For your redemption request to be priced at the
NAV on the day of your request, you must submit your request to your
Financial Intermediary prior to that day’s close of business on the
Exchange (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time). Certain Financial
Intermediaries, however, may require submission of orders prior to that
time. Any redemption request placed after that time will be priced at
the NAV at the close of business on the next business day.
Financial Intermediaries may charge a fee to process a redemption of
shares.
The Fund may reject an order to sell shares under certain
circumstances. Redemption orders placed after 3:55 p.m. (Eastern
time) will not be transmitted by the Fund’s internet-based order entry
program. Account holders may transmit their trades during the next
time window when internet-based trading resumes. Shareholders
placing orders through a Financial Intermediary are responsible for
making certain that their Financial Intermediary communicates the
order to the Fund’s office no later than the stated deadline. The Fund
reserves the right to limit the amount of such orders that will be paid
on the same day.
 
Selling shares held directly with
BlackRock
Methods of Redeeming
Redeem by Telephone: You may sell Investor Shares held at BlackRock
by telephone request if certain conditions are met and if the amount
being sold is less than (i) $100,000 for payments by check or
(ii) $250,000 for payments through ACH or wire transfer. Certain
redemption requests, such as those in excess of these amounts, must
be in writing with a medallion signature guarantee. For Institutional
Shares, certain redemption requests may require written instructions
with a medallion signature guarantee. Call (800) 441-7762 for details.
You can obtain a medallion signature guarantee stamp from a bank,
securities dealer, securities broker, credit union, savings and loan
association, national securities exchange or registered securities
association. A notary public seal will not be acceptable.
The Fund, its administrators and the Distributor will employ reasonable
procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are
genuine. The Fund and its service providers will not be liable for any
loss, liability, cost or expense for acting upon telephone instructions
that are reasonably believed to be genuine in accordance with such
procedures. The Fund may refuse a telephone redemption request if it
believes it is advisable to do so.
During periods of substantial economic or market change, telephone
redemptions may be difficult to complete. Please find below alternative
redemption methods.
Redeem by VRU: Investor Shares may also be redeemed by use of the
Fund’s automated VRU service. Proceeds for Investor Shares redeemed
by the VRU service may be paid for non-retirement accounts in amounts
up to $25,000, either through check, ACH or wire.
30
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Full or Partial
Redemption of
Shares (continued)
Selling shares held directly with
BlackRock (continued)
Redeem by Internet: You may redeem in your account by logging onto
the BlackRock website at www.blackrock.com. Redemption orders
placed after 3:55 p.m. (Eastern time) will not be transmitted by the
Fund’s internet-based order entry program. Account holders may
transmit their trades during the next time window when internet-based
trading resumes. The Fund reserves the right to limit the amount of
such orders that will be paid on the same day. Proceeds from Internet
redemptions may be sent via check, ACH or wire to the bank account of
record.
Payment for shares redeemed by Internet through the transfer agent’s
order entry program which may be reached through www.blackrock.com
may be made for non-retirement accounts in amounts up to $100,000
per account per day, either through check, ACH or wire. Different
maximums may apply to certain institutional investors.
Redeem in Writing: You may sell shares held at BlackRock by writing to
BlackRock. All shareholders on the account must sign the letter. A
medallion signature guarantee will generally be required but may be
waived in certain limited circumstances. You can obtain a medallion
signature guarantee stamp from a bank, securities dealer, securities
broker, credit union, savings and loan association, national securities
exchange or registered securities association. A notary public seal will
not be acceptable. If you hold stock certificates, return the certificates
with the letter. Proceeds from redemptions may be sent via check, ACH
or wire to the bank account of record.
Payment of Redemption Proceeds
Redemption proceeds may be paid by check or, if the Fund has verified
banking information on file, through ACH or by wire transfer.
Payment by Check: BlackRock will typically mail redemption proceeds
one business day following receipt of a properly completed request, but
in any event, within seven days. Shares can be redeemed by telephone
and the proceeds sent by check to the shareholder at the address on
record. Shareholders will pay $15 for redemption proceeds sent by
check via overnight mail. You are responsible for any additional charges
imposed by your bank for this service.
The Fund reserves the right to reinvest any dividend or distribution
amounts (e.g., income dividends or capital gains) which you have
elected to receive by check should your check be returned as
undeliverable or remain uncashed for more than 6 months. No interest
will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed checks. Your check
will be reinvested in your account at the NAV next calculated, on the day
of the investment. When reinvested, those amounts are subject to the
risk of loss like any fund investment. If you elect to receive distributions
in cash and a check remains undeliverable or uncashed for more than 6
months, your cash election may also be changed automatically to
reinvest and your future dividend and capital gains distributions will be
reinvested in the Fund at the NAV as of the date of payment of the
distribution.
Payment by Wire Transfer: Proceeds for redeemed shares for which a
redemption order is received before 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on a
business day are normally paid in Federal funds wired to the redeeming
shareholder on the same business day, provided that the Fund’s
custodian is also open for business. Proceeds for redemption orders
received on a day when the Fund’s custodian is closed are normally
wired in Federal funds on the next business day following redemption
on which the Fund’s custodian is open for business. The Fund reserves
the right to wire redemption proceeds within seven days after receiving
a redemption order if, in the judgment of the Fund, an earlier payment
could adversely affect the Fund.
If a shareholder has given authorization for expedited redemption,
shares can be redeemed by Federal wire transfer to a single previously
designated bank account. Shareholders will pay $7.50 for redemption
proceeds sent by Federal wire transfer. You are responsible for any
31
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Full or Partial
Redemption of
Shares (continued)
Selling shares held directly with
BlackRock (continued)
additional charges imposed by your bank for this service. No charge for
wiring redemption payments with respect to Institutional Shares is
imposed by the Fund.
The Fund is not responsible for the efficiency of the Federal wire
system or the shareholder’s firm or bank. To change the name of the
single, designated bank account to receive wire redemption proceeds, it
is necessary to send a written request to the Fund at the address on
the back cover of this prospectus.
Payment by ACH: Redemption proceeds may be sent to the
shareholder’s bank account (checking or savings) via ACH. Payment for
redeemed shares for which a redemption order is received before
4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on a business day is normally sent to the
redeeming shareholder the next business day, with receipt at the
receiving bank within the next two business days (48-72 hours),
provided that the Fund’s custodian is also open for business. Payment
for redemption orders received after 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) or on a
day when the Fund’s custodian is closed is normally sent on the next
business day following redemption on which the Fund’s custodian is
open for business.
The Fund reserves the right to send redemption proceeds within seven
days after receiving a redemption order if, in the judgment of the Fund,
an earlier payment could adversely affect the Fund. No charge for
sending redemption payments via ACH is imposed by the Fund.
***
If you make a redemption request before the Fund has collected
payment for the purchase of shares, the Fund may delay sending your
proceeds. This delay will usually not exceed ten days.
Under normal and stressed market conditions, the Fund typically
expects to meet redemption requests by using cash or cash
equivalents in its portfolio or by selling portfolio assets to generate
additional cash.
 
How to Exchange Shares or Transfer Your Account 
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Exchange Privilege
Selling shares of one BlackRock
Fund to purchase shares of
another BlackRock Fund
(“exchanging”)
Investor A, Investor C and Institutional Shares of the Fund are
generally exchangeable for shares of the same class of another
BlackRock Fund, to the extent such shares are offered by your
Financial Intermediary.
You can exchange $1,000 or more of Investor Shares from one fund
into the same class of another fund which offers that class of shares
(you can exchange less than $1,000 of Investor Shares if you already
have an account in the fund into which you are exchanging). Investors
who currently own Institutional Shares of the Fund may make
exchanges into Institutional Shares of other BlackRock Funds except for
investors holding shares through certain client accounts at Financial
Intermediaries that are omnibus with the Fund and do not meet
applicable minimums. There is no required minimum amount with
respect to exchanges of Institutional Shares.
You may only exchange into a share class and fund that are open to
new investors or in which you have a current account if the fund is
closed to new investors. Some of the BlackRock Funds impose a sales
charge. Therefore the exchange of Investor A Shares may be subject to
that sales charge. Investor A Shares of the Fund that were obtained
with the exchange privilege and that originally were shares of a
BlackRock Fund that were subject to a sales charge can be exchanged
for Investor A Shares of a Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund based on
their respective NAVs. Exchanges of shares of the Fund for Investor C
Shares of a Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund may be subject to the
applicable CDSC upon the sale of these Investor C Shares received in
exchange. The CDSC will continue to be measured from the date of the
original purchase. The CDSC schedule applicable to your original
32
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Exchange Privilege
(continued)
Selling shares of one BlackRock
Fund to purchase shares of
another BlackRock Fund
(“exchanging”) (continued)
purchase will apply to the shares you receive in the exchange and any
subsequent exchange.
To exercise the exchange privilege, you may contact your Financial
Intermediary. Alternatively, if your account is held directly with
BlackRock, you may: (i) call (800) 441-7762 and speak with one of our
representatives, (ii) make the exchange via the Internet by accessing
your account online at www.blackrock.com, or (iii) send a written
request to the Fund at the address on the back cover of this
prospectus. Please note, if you indicated on your new account
application that you did not want the Telephone Exchange Privilege, you
will not be able to place exchanges via the telephone until you update
this option either in writing or by calling (800) 441-7762. The Fund has
the right to reject any telephone request for any reason.
Although there is currently no limit on the number of exchanges that
you can make, the exchange privilege may be modified or terminated at
any time in the future. The Fund may suspend or terminate your
exchange privilege at any time for any reason, including if the Fund
believes, in its sole discretion, that you are engaging in market timing
activities. See “Short -Term Trading Policy” below. For U.S. federal
income tax purposes a share exchange is a taxable event and a capital
gain or loss may be realized. Please consult your tax adviser or other
Financial Intermediary before making an exchange request.
Transfer Shares to
Another Financial
Intermediary
Transfer to a participating
Financial Intermediary
You may transfer your shares of the Fund only to another Financial
Intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor.
Certain shareholder services may not be available for the transferred
shares. All future trading of these assets must be coordinated by the
receiving firm.
If your account is held directly with BlackRock, you may call
(800) 441-7762 with any questions; otherwise please contact your
Financial Intermediary to accomplish the transfer of shares.
 
Transfer to a non-participating
Financial Intermediary
You must either:
•Transfer your shares to an account with the Fund; or
•Sell your shares, paying any applicable deferred sales charge.
If your account is held directly with BlackRock, you may call
(800) 441-7762 with any questions; otherwise please contact your
Financial Intermediary to accomplish the transfer of shares.
 
Account Services and Privileges
The following table provides examples of account services and privileges available in your BlackRock account. Certain of these account services and privileges are only available to shareholders of Investor Shares whose accounts are held directly with BlackRock. If your account is held directly with BlackRock, please call (800) 441-7762 or visit www.blackrock.com for additional information as well as forms and applications. Otherwise, please contact your Financial Intermediary for assistance in requesting one or more of the following services and privileges. 
Automatic
Investment Plan
Allows systematic investments
on a periodic basis from your
checking or savings account.
BlackRock’s AIP allows you to invest a specific amount on a periodic
basis from your checking or savings account into your investment
account. You may apply for this option upon account opening or by
completing the AIP application. The minimum investment amount for
an automatic investment is $50 per portfolio.
Dividend Allocation
Plan
Automatically invests your
distributions into another
BlackRock Fund of your choice
pursuant to your instructions,
without any fees or sales
charges
Dividend and capital gains distributions may be reinvested in your
account to purchase additional shares or paid in cash. Using the
Dividend Allocation Plan, you can direct your distributions to your bank
account (checking or savings), to purchase shares of another fund at
BlackRock without any fees or sales charges, or by check to a special
payee. Please call (800) 441-7762 for details. If investing in another
fund at BlackRock, the receiving fund must be open to new purchases.
33
EZ Trader
Allows an investor to purchase or
sell Investor Shares by telephone
or over the Internet through ACH.
(NOTE: This option is offered to shareholders whose accounts are held
directly with BlackRock. Please speak with your Financial Intermediary
if your account is held elsewhere).
Prior to establishing an EZ Trader account, please contact your bank to
confirm that it is a member of the ACH system. Once confirmed,
complete an application, making sure to include the appropriate bank
information, and return the application to the address listed on the
form.
Prior to placing a telephone or internet purchase or sale order, please
call (800) 441-7762 to confirm that your bank information has been
updated on your account. Once this is established, you may place your
request to sell shares with the Fund by telephone or Internet. Proceeds
will be sent to your pre-designated bank account.
Systematic
Exchange Plan
This feature can be used by
investors to systematically
exchange money from one fund
to up to four other funds
A minimum of $10,000 in the initial BlackRock Fund is required and
investments in any additional funds must meet minimum initial
investment requirements.
Systematic
Withdrawal Plan
This feature can be used by
investors who want to receive
regular distributions from their
accounts
To start a SWP, a shareholder must have a current investment of
$10,000 or more in a BlackRock Fund.
Shareholders can elect to receive cash payments of $50 or more at any
interval they choose. Shareholders may sign up by completing the SWP
Application Form which may be obtained from BlackRock. Shareholders
should realize that if withdrawals exceed income the invested principal
in their account will be depleted.
To participate in the SWP, shareholders must have their dividends
reinvested. Shareholders may change or cancel the SWP at any time,
with a minimum of 24 hours notice. If a shareholder purchases
additional Investor A Shares of a BlackRock Fund at the same time he
or she redeems shares through the SWP, that investor may lose money
because of the sales charge involved. No CDSC will be assessed on
redemptions of Investor Shares made through the SWP that do not
exceed 12% of the account’s NAV on an annualized basis. For example,
monthly, quarterly and semi-annual SWP redemptions of Investor
Shares will not be subject to the CDSC if they do not exceed 1%, 3%
and 6%, respectively, of an account’s NAV on the redemption date. SWP
redemptions of Investor Shares in excess of this limit will still pay any
applicable CDSC.
Ask your Financial Intermediary for details.
 
Fund’s Rights
The Fund may:
◼
Suspend the right of redemption if trading is halted or restricted on the Exchange or under other emergency conditions described in the Investment Company Act;
◼
Postpone the date of payment upon redemption if trading is halted or restricted on the Exchange or under other emergency conditions described in the Investment Company Act or if a redemption request is made before the Fund has collected payment for the purchase of shares;
◼
Redeem shares for property other than cash as may be permitted under the Investment Company Act; and
◼
Redeem shares involuntarily in certain cases, such as when the value of a shareholder account falls below a specified level or if the Fund does not believe the account is for a natural person.
Suspension of Redemptions Upon Liquidation. If the Board, including a majority of the trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust as defined in the Investment Company Act, determines either that (1) the Fund has invested, at the end of a business day, less than 10% of its total assets in weekly liquid assets, or (2) the Fund’s calculated NAV per share has deviated from $1.00 or such deviation is likely to occur; then the Board, subject to certain conditions, may, where the Board has determined to liquidate the Fund irrevocably, suspend redemptions and payment of redemption proceeds in order to facilitate the permanent liquidation of the Fund in an orderly manner. If this were to occur, it would likely result in a delay in your receipt of your redemption proceeds.
34
Note on Low Balance Accounts. Because of the high cost of maintaining smaller shareholder accounts, BlackRock has set a minimum balance of $500 in each Fund position you hold within your account (the “Fund Minimum”), and may redeem the shares in your account if the NAV of those shares in your account falls below $500 for any reason, including market fluctuation.
You will be notified that the value of your account is less than the Fund Minimum before the Fund makes any involuntary redemption. This notification will provide you with a 90 calendar day period to make an additional investment in order to bring the value of your account to at least $500 before the Fund makes an involuntary redemption. This involuntary redemption will not charge any deferred sales charge, and may not apply to accounts of certain employer-sponsored retirement plans (not including IRAs), qualified state tuition plan (529 Plan) accounts, and select fee-based programs at your Financial Intermediary.
Discretionary Liquidity Fees
Under Rule 2a-7, the Board, or its delegate, is permitted to impose a discretionary liquidity fee up to 2% on the value of shares redeemed, if such fee is determined to be in the best interests of the Fund.
Discretionary liquidity fees, if imposed, may be terminated at any time at the discretion of the Board, or its delegate, if the Board, or its delegate, determines that it is no longer in the best interests of the Fund.
Under certain circumstances, the Fund may honor exchange orders or pay redemptions without adding a discretionary liquidity fee to the redemption amount if the Fund can verify that the redemption or exchange order was submitted to the Fund’s authorized agent before the Board, or its delegate, imposed a discretionary liquidity fee.
The Board generally expects that a discretionary liquidity fee would be imposed, if at all, during periods of market stress.
Financial Intermediaries will be required promptly to take such actions reasonably requested by the Fund or its agent to implement, modify or remove, or to assist the Fund in implementing, modifying or removing, a discretionary liquidity fee established by the Board, or its delegate.
Announcements regarding the imposition of a discretionary liquidity fee, or the termination of a discretionary liquidity fee, will be available on the Fund’s website (www.blackrock.com/cash). In addition, the Fund may further communicate such actions through other means.
The discretionary liquidity fee will not be applied to your purchases of Fund shares.
Participation in Fee-Based Programs
If you participate in certain fee-based programs offered by BlackRock or an affiliate of BlackRock or by Financial Intermediaries that have agreements with the Distributor or in certain fee-based programs in which BlackRock participates, you may be able to buy Institutional Shares, including by exchanges from other share classes. Sales charges on the shares being exchanged may be reduced or waived under certain circumstances. You generally cannot transfer shares held through a fee-based program into another account. Instead, if you choose to leave the fee-based program, you may have to redeem your shares held through the program and purchase shares of another class, which may be subject to distribution and service fees. This may be a taxable event and you may pay any applicable sales charges or redemption fee. Please speak to your Financial Intermediary for information about specific policies and procedures applicable to your account.
Generally, upon termination of a fee-based program, the shares may be liquidated or the shares can be held in an account. In certain instances, when a shareholder chooses to continue to hold the shares, whatever share class was held in the program can be held after termination. Shares that have been held for less than specified periods within the program may be subject to a fee upon redemption. Shareholders that held Investor A or Institutional Shares in the program may be eligible to purchase additional shares of the respective share class of the Fund, but may be subject to upfront sales charges with respect to Investor A Shares. Additional purchases of Institutional Shares are permitted only if you have an existing position at the time of purchase or are otherwise eligible to purchase Institutional Shares. Please speak to your Financial Intermediary for more information.
Certain Financial Intermediaries may, in connection with a change in account type (for example, due to leaving a fee-based program or upon termination of the fee-based program) or otherwise in accordance with the Financial Intermediary’s policies and procedures, exchange the share class held in the program for another share class of the same fund, provided that the exchanged shares are not subject to a sales charge and the shareholder meets the
35
eligibility requirements of the new share class. Please speak to your Financial Intermediary for information about specific policies and procedures applicable to your account.
Details about the features of each fee-based program and the relevant charges, terms and conditions are included in the client agreement for each fee-based program and are available from your Financial Intermediary. Please speak to your Financial Intermediary for more information.
Short-Term Trading Policy
Market timing is an investment technique involving frequent short-term trading of mutual fund shares designed to exploit market movements or inefficiencies in the way a mutual fund prices its shares. The Board has evaluated the risks of market timing activities by the Fund’s shareholders and has determined that due to (i) the Fund’s policy of seeking to maintain the Fund’s NAV per share at $1.00 each day, (ii) the nature of the Fund’s portfolio holdings, and (iii) the nature of the Fund’s shareholders, it is unlikely that (a) market timing would be attempted by the Fund’s shareholders or (b) any attempts to market time the Fund by shareholders would result in a negative impact to the Fund or its shareholders. As a result, the Board has not adopted policies and procedures to deter short-term trading in the Fund. There can be no assurances, however, that the Fund may not, on occasion, serve as a temporary or short-term investment vehicle for those who seek to market time funds offered by other investment companies.
Master/Feeder Structure
The Fund may in the future determine to become a “feeder” fund that invests all of its assets in another open-end investment company (a “master fund”) that has the same investment objective and strategies as the Fund. This structure is sometimes called a “master/feeder” structure. Investors in a feeder fund will acquire an indirect interest in the corresponding master fund. In a master/feeder structure, all investments will be made at the master level and the Fund’s investment results will correspond directly to the investment results of the underlying master in which it invests. A feeder fund may withdraw from its master fund at any time and may invest all of its assets in another pooled investment vehicle or retain an investment adviser to manage its assets directly.
A master fund may accept investments from other feeder funds, and all the feeder funds of a given master fund bear the master fund’s expenses in proportion to their assets. This structure may enable the feeder funds to reduce costs through economies of scale. A larger investment portfolio may also reduce certain transaction costs to the extent that contributions to and redemptions from a master fund from different feeder funds may offset each other and produce a lower net cash flow.
However, each feeder fund can set its own transaction minimums, fund specific expenses, and other conditions. This means that one feeder fund could offer access to the same master fund on more attractive terms, or could experience better performance, than another feeder fund. In addition, large purchases or redemptions by one feeder fund could negatively affect the performance of other feeder funds that invest in the same master fund.
Whenever a master fund holds a vote of its feeder funds, a fund that is a feeder fund investing in that master fund will pass the vote through to its own shareholders. Smaller feeder funds may be harmed by the actions of larger feeder funds. For example, a larger feeder fund could have more voting power than a fund that is a feeder fund over the operations of its master fund.
36
Management of the Fund
BlackRock
BlackRock, the Fund’s investment adviser, manages the Fund’s investments and its business operations subject to the oversight of the Trust’s Board. While BlackRock is ultimately responsible for the management of the Fund, it is able to draw upon the research and expertise of its asset management affiliates for portfolio decisions and management with respect to certain portfolio securities. BlackRock is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc.
BlackRock, a registered investment adviser, was organized in 1994 to perform advisory services for investment companies. BlackRock International Limited (the “Sub-Adviser”), a registered investment adviser organized in 1995, is an affiliate of BlackRock and acts as a sub-adviser for the Fund. BlackRock and its affiliates had approximately $12.5 trillion in investment company and other portfolio assets under management as of June 30, 2025.
BlackRock serves as manager to the Fund pursuant to a management agreement (the “Management Agreement”), which provides that BlackRock is entitled to fees computed daily and payable monthly. The maximum annual management fee rate that the Fund can pay to BlackRock (as a percentage of average daily net assets) is calculated as follows: 
Average Daily Net Assets
Rate of
Management Fee
First $1 billion
0.450
%
$1 billion – $2 billion
0.400
%
$2 billion – $3 billion
0.375
%
Greater than $3 billion
0.350
%
 
BlackRock has contractually agreed to cap net expenses (excluding: (i) interest, taxes, dividends tied to short sales, brokerage commissions, and other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (ii) the Fund’s pro rata share of the fees and expenses incurred indirectly by the Fund as a result of investing in other investment companies; (iii) other expenses attributable to, and incurred as a result of, the Fund’s investments; and (iv) extraordinary expenses (including litigation expenses) not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business, if any) of each share class of Fund at the levels shown below and in the Fund’s fees and expenses table in the “Fund Overview” section of this prospectus. Items (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) in the preceding sentence are referred to in this prospectus as “Dividend Expense, Interest Expense, Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses and certain other Fund expenses.” To achieve these expense caps, BlackRock has agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees or expenses if these operating expenses exceed a certain limit.
With respect to the Fund, BlackRock has contractually agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees or expenses in order to limit Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses to the amounts noted in the table below. 
 
Contractual Caps1
on Total Annual Fund
Operating Expenses2
(excluding Dividend
Expense, Interest
Expense, Acquired
Fund Fees and
Expenses and
certain other
Fund expenses)
Total Annual Fund
Operating Expenses2
after giving effect to all
applicable expense limitation
provisions (excluding Dividend
Expense, Interest Expense,
Acquired Fund Fees
and Expenses and certain
other Fund Expenses)
Investor A Shares
0.55
%
0.48
%
Investor C Shares
1.30
%
1.30
%
Institutional Shares
0.20
%
0.20
%
 
1
The contractual caps are in effect through June 30, 2027. The contractual agreement may be terminated with respect to the Fund upon 90 days’ notice by a majority of the non-interested trustees of the Trust or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.
2
As a percentage of average daily net assets.
37
BlackRock and the Distributor have voluntarily agreed to waive a portion of their respective fees and/or reimburse operating expenses to enable the Fund to maintain minimum levels of daily net investment income. BlackRock and the Distributor may discontinue this voluntary waiver and/or reimbursement at any time without notice.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, BlackRock received a management fee, net of management fee waivers, at the annual rate of 0.40% of the Fund’s average daily net assets.
A discussion of the basis for the Board’s approval of the Management Agreement with BlackRock and the sub-advisory agreement with the Sub-Adviser is available in the Fund’s reports filed on Form N-CSR for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025.
BlackRock has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with the Sub-Adviser. Under the sub-advisory agreement, BlackRock pays the Sub-Adviser for services it provides for that portion of the Fund for which it acts as sub-adviser a fee equal to a percentage of the management fee paid to BlackRock under the Management Agreement.
From time to time, a manager, analyst, or other employee of BlackRock or its affiliates may express views regarding a particular asset class, company, security, industry, or market sector. The views expressed by any such person are the views of only that individual as of the time expressed and do not necessarily represent the views of BlackRock or any other person within the BlackRock organization. Any such views are subject to change at any time based upon market or other conditions and BlackRock disclaims any responsibility to update such views. These views may not be relied on as investment advice and, because investment decisions for the Fund are based on numerous factors, may not be relied on as an indication of trading intent on behalf of the Fund.
BlackRock or its affiliates will use at least 5% of BlackRock’s net revenue from its management fee from the Fund to purchase and then retire carbon credits either directly or through a third-party organization. These purchases will be made at least annually, with BlackRock maintaining the option to increase, decrease or terminate these purchases in its sole discretion at any time.
Additionally, BlackRock may at its discretion enter into a license agreement (a “License Agreement”) with one or more charitable organizations that is tax-exempt under 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 from time to time. Pursuant to the relevant License Agreement, the charitable organization would grant BlackRock a license permitting BlackRock to use the charitable organization’s name and logo. BlackRock will pay a license fee to each such charitable organization for such use. No charitable organization will provide any investment advisory services to BlackRock or the Fund or participate in, or have any influence on, the day-to-day operations of, the Fund.
Conflicts of Interest
The investment activities of BlackRock and its affiliates (including BlackRock, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Affiliates”)), and their respective directors, officers or employees, in managing their own accounts and other accounts, may present conflicts of interest that could disadvantage the Fund and its shareholders.
BlackRock and its Affiliates are involved worldwide with a broad spectrum of financial services and asset management activities and in the ordinary course of business may engage in activities in which their interests or the interests of other clients may conflict with those of the Fund. BlackRock and its Affiliates act, or may act, as an investor, research provider, investment manager, commodity pool operator, commodity trading advisor, financier, underwriter, adviser, trader, lender, index provider, agent and/or principal. BlackRock and its Affiliates may have other direct and indirect interests in securities, currencies, commodities, derivatives and other assets in which the Fund may directly or indirectly invest.
BlackRock and its Affiliates may engage in proprietary trading and advise accounts and other funds that have investment objectives similar to those of the Fund and/or that engage in and compete for transactions in the same or similar types of securities, currencies and other assets as are held by the Fund. This may include transactions in securities issued by other open-end and closed-end investment companies, including investment companies that are affiliated with the Fund and BlackRock, to the extent permitted under the Investment Company Act. The trading activities of BlackRock and its Affiliates are carried out without reference to positions held directly or indirectly by the Fund. These activities may result in BlackRock or an Affiliate having positions in assets that are senior or junior to, or that have interests different from or adverse to, the assets held by the Fund.
The Fund may invest in securities issued by, or engage in other transactions with, entities with which an Affiliate has significant debt or equity investments or other interests. The Fund may also invest in issuances (such as debt offerings or structured notes) for which an Affiliate is compensated for providing advisory, cash management or other services. The Fund also may invest in securities of, or engage in other transactions with, entities for which an Affiliate provides or may provide research coverage or other analysis.
38
An Affiliate may have business relationships with, and receive compensation from, distributors, consultants or others who recommend the Fund or who engage in transactions with or for the Fund.
Neither BlackRock nor any Affiliate is under any obligation to share any investment opportunity, idea or strategy with the Fund. As a result, an Affiliate may compete with the Fund for appropriate investment opportunities. The results of the Fund’s investment activities, therefore, may differ from those of an Affiliate and of other accounts managed by an Affiliate. It is possible that the Fund could sustain losses during periods in which one or more Affiliates and other accounts achieve profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. The opposite result is also possible.
In addition, the Fund may enter into transactions in which BlackRock or an Affiliate or their directors, officers, employees or clients have an adverse interest. The Fund may be adversely impacted by the effects of transactions undertaken by BlackRock or an Affiliate or their directors, officers, employees or clients.
From time to time, BlackRock or its advisory clients (including other funds and accounts) may, subject to compliance with applicable law, purchase and hold shares of the Fund. The price, availability, liquidity, and (in some cases) expense ratio of the Fund may be impacted by purchases and sales of the Fund by BlackRock or its advisory clients.
The Fund’s activities may be limited because of regulatory restrictions applicable to BlackRock or an Affiliate or their policies designed to comply with such restrictions.
Under a securities lending program approved by the Board, the Fund has retained BlackRock Investment Management, LLC, an Affiliate of BlackRock, to serve as its securities lending agent to the extent that it participates in the securities lending program. For these services, the securities lending agent will receive a fee from the participating Fund based on the returns earned on the Fund’s lending activities, including the investment of the cash received as collateral for the loaned securities. In addition, one or more Affiliates may be among the entities to which the Fund may lend its portfolio securities under the securities lending program.
BlackRock and its Affiliates may benefit from a fund using a BlackRock index by creating increasing acceptance in the marketplace for such indexes. BlackRock and its Affiliates are not obligated to license an index to a fund, and no fund is under an obligation to use a BlackRock index. The terms of a fund’s index licensing agreement with BlackRock or its Affiliates may not be as favorable as the terms offered to other licensees.
The activities of BlackRock and its Affiliates and their respective directors, officers or employees, may give rise to other conflicts of interest that could disadvantage the Fund and its shareholders. BlackRock has adopted policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts of interest. Please see the SAI for further information.
Valuation of Fund Investments
A mutual fund is a pool of investors’ money that is used to purchase a portfolio of securities, which in turn is owned in common by the investors. Investors put money into a mutual fund by buying shares. If a mutual fund has a portfolio worth $5 million and has 5 million shares outstanding, the NAV per share is $1.00. When you buy Investor or Institutional Shares you pay the NAV per share. Although the Fund seeks to maintain an NAV of $1.00 per share, there is no guarantee it will be able to do so.
The Fund’s investments are valued based on the amortized cost method described in the SAI.
The Transfer Agent will probably receive your order from your registered representative, who takes your order. However, you can also fill out a purchase application and mail it to the Transfer Agent with your check. Please call (800) 441-7762 for a purchase application. Purchase orders received by the Transfer Agent before 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on each business day will be priced based on the next NAV calculated on that day, and if you send your payment by Federal funds or other immediately available funds no later than the close of the federal funds wire (normally 6:45 p.m. (Eastern time)) you will receive that day’s dividends.
The NAV is calculated separately for each class of shares of the Fund as of the close of business on the Exchange, generally 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time), each business day. Shares will not be priced on days the Exchange or the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia are closed. The Fund may elect, in its discretion if it is determined to be in shareholders’ best interest, to be open on days when the Exchange is closed due to an emergency.
Dividends, Distributions and Taxes
Distributions of net investment income derived by the Fund, if any, are declared daily and paid at least monthly and net realized capital gains, if any, will be distributed at least annually. Dividends will be reinvested automatically in the form of additional shares of the same class of the Fund at NAV without a sales charge, unless you instruct the Transfer
39
Agent in writing to pay them in cash. Dividends that are declared but unpaid will remain in the gross assets of the Fund and will, therefore, continue to earn income for the Fund’s shareholders. Shareholders redeeming their shares will receive all dividends declared through the date immediately preceding the date of redemption. The Fund anticipates that a significant amount of the distributions may be taxed as ordinary income, although the Fund may distribute capital gains as well. Capital gains may be taxable to you at different rates depending on how long the Fund held the assets sold.
You will pay tax on dividends from the Fund whether you receive them in cash or additional shares. If you redeem Fund shares or exchange them for shares of another fund, you generally will be treated as having sold your shares and any gain on the transaction may be subject to tax. Fund distributions derived from qualified dividend income, which consists of dividends received from U.S. corporations and qualifying foreign corporations, and from long-term capital gains are eligible for taxation at a maximum rate of 15% or 20% for individuals, depending on whether their income exceeds certain threshold amounts, which are adjusted annually for inflation.
If the Fund imposes a discretionary liquidity fee on share redemptions, the amount that would ordinarily be payable to a redeeming shareholder of the Fund will be reduced, consequently reducing the amount of gain, or increasing the amount of loss, that would otherwise be reportable for income tax purposes. The discretionary liquidity fee cannot be separately claimed as a deduction.
Any such discretionary liquidity fee will constitute an asset of the Fund and will serve to benefit non-redeeming shareholders. If the Fund receives discretionary liquidity fees, it will consider the appropriate tax treatment of such fees to the Fund at such time. However, due to a lack of guidance, the tax consequences of liquidity fees to the Fund and the shareholders is unclear and may differ from that described in this section.
If the value of assets held by the Fund declines, the Board may authorize a reduction in the number of outstanding shares in shareholders’ accounts so as to preserve a net asset value of $1.00 per share. After such a reduction, the basis of eliminated shares would be added to the basis of shareholders’ remaining Fund shares, and you could recognize a capital loss if you disposed of your shares at that time. Dividends, including dividends reinvested in additional shares of the Fund, will nonetheless be fully taxable, even if the number of shares in your account has been reduced as described above.
A 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on the net investment income (which includes, but is not limited to, interest, dividends and net gain from investments) of U.S. individuals with income exceeding $200,000, or $250,000 if married filing jointly, and of trusts and estates.
Your dividends and redemption proceeds will be subject to backup withholding tax if you have not provided a taxpayer identification number or social security number or the number you have provided is incorrect.
If you are neither a tax resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a foreign entity (other than a pass-through entity to the extent owned by U.S. persons), the Fund’s ordinary income dividends will generally be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies. However, certain distributions reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends, interest-related dividends or short-term capital gain dividends and paid to a foreign shareholder may be eligible for an exemption from U.S. withholding tax.
Separately, a 30% withholding tax is currently imposed on U.S.-source dividends, interest and other income items paid to (i) certain foreign financial institutions and investment funds, and (ii) certain other foreign entities. To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions and investment funds will generally either need to (a) collect and report to the IRS detailed information identifying their U.S. accounts and U.S. account holders, comply with due diligence procedures for identifying U.S. accounts and withhold tax on certain payments made to noncomplying foreign entities and account holders or (b) if an intergovernmental agreement is entered into and implementing legislation is adopted, comply with the agreement and legislation. Other foreign entities will generally either need to provide detailed information identifying each substantial U.S. owner or certify there are no such owners.
This section summarizes some of the consequences under current federal tax law of an investment in the Fund. It is not a substitute for individualized tax advice. Consult your tax adviser about the potential tax consequences of an investment in the Fund under all applicable tax laws.
40
Financial Highlights
The financial highlights tables are intended to help investors understand the Fund’s financial performance for the periods shown. Certain information reflects financial results for a single share of the Fund. The total returns in the tables represent the rate of return that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund, assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. The information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, whose report along with the Fund’s audited financial statements, is included in the Fund’s Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on Form N-CSR, which are available upon request and at www.blackrock.com.  
 
Institutional
(For a share outstanding throughout each period)
Year Ended
03/31/25
Year Ended
03/31/24
Year Ended
03/31/23
Year Ended
03/31/22
Year Ended
03/31/21
Net asset value, beginning of year
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
Net investment income
0.0485
0.0524
0.0289
0.0001
0.0021
Net realized gain (loss)
0.0003
(0.0001
)(a)
(0.0019
)
0.0001
0.0001
Net increase from investment operations
0.0488
0.0523
0.0270
0.0002
0.0022
Distributions(b)
From net investment income
(0.0488
)
(0.0523
)
(0.0270
)
(0.0002
)
(0.0021
)
From net realized gain.
—
—
—
(0.0000
)(c)
(0.0001
)
Total distributions
(0.0488
)
(0.0523
)
(0.0270
)
(0.0002
)
(0.0022
)
Net asset value, end of year
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
Total Return(d)
Based on net asset value
4.99
%
5.36
%
2.73
%
0.03
%
0.21
%
Ratios to Average Net Assets
Total expenses
0.48
%
0.52
%
0.55
%
0.54
%
0.53
%
Total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed
0.20
%
0.20
%
0.20
%
0.17
%
0.20
%
Net investment income
4.85
%
5.22
%
2.86
%
0.01
%
0.18
%
Supplemental Data
Net assets, end of year (000)
$608,654
$475,885
$569,091
$225,612
$523,322
 
(a)
The amounts reported for a share outstanding may not accord with the change in aggregate gains and losses in securities for the fiscal period due to the timing of capital share transactions in relation to the fluctuating market values of the Fund’s underlying securities.
(b)
Distributions for annual periods determined in accordance with U.S. federal income tax regulations.
(c)
Amount is greater than $(0.00005) per share.
(d)
Where applicable, assumes the reinvestment of distributions.
41
Financial Highlights (continued)
 
 
Investor A
(For a share outstanding throughout each period)
Year Ended
03/31/25
Year Ended
03/31/24
Year Ended
03/31/23
Year Ended
03/31/22
Year Ended
03/31/21
Net asset value, beginning of year
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
Net investment income
0.0453
0.0496
0.0240
0.0001
0.0009
Net realized gain (loss)
0.0007
(0.0002
)(a)
0.0000
(a)(b)
0.0001
0.0001
Net increase from investment operations
0.0460
0.0494
0.0240
0.0002
0.0010
Distributions(c)
From net investment income
(0.0460
)
(0.0494
)
(0.0240
)
(0.0002
)
(0.0009
)
From net realized gain
—
—
—
(0.0000
)(d)
(0.0001
)
Total distributions
(0.0460
)
(0.0494
)
(0.0240
)
(0.0002
)
(0.0010
)
Net asset value, end of year
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
Total Return(e)
Based on net asset value
4.70
%
5.05
%
2.43
%
0.02
%
0.10
%
Ratios to Average Net Assets
Total expenses
0.74
%
0.78
%
0.81
%
0.80
%
0.78
%
Total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed
0.48
%
0.49
%
0.49
%
0.18
%
0.34
%
Net investment income
4.54
%
4.97
%
2.40
%
0.01
%
0.10
%
Supplemental Data
Net assets, end of year (000)
$4,162,269
$2,378,360
$1,067,562
$1,012,844
$1,677,581
 
(a)
The amounts reported for a share outstanding may not accord with the change in aggregate gains and losses in securities for the fiscal period due to the timing of capital share transactions in relation to the fluctuating market values of the Fund’s underlying securities.
(b)
Amount is less than $0.00005 per share.
(c)
Distributions for annual periods determined in accordance with U.S. federal income tax regulations.
(d)
Amount is greater than $(0.00005) per share.
(e)
Where applicable, assumes the reinvestment of distributions.
42
Financial Highlights (concluded)
 
 
Investor C
(For a share outstanding throughout each period)
Year Ended
03/31/25
Year Ended
03/31/24
Year Ended
03/31/23
Year Ended
03/31/22
Year Ended
03/31/21
Net asset value, beginning of year
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
Net investment income
0.0384
0.0412
0.0154
0.0001
0.0008
Net realized gain (loss)
(0.0006
)(a)
0.0001
0.0021
(a)
0.0001
0.0001
Net increase from investment operations
0.0378
0.0413
0.0175
0.0002
0.0009
Distributions(b)
From net investment income
(0.0378
)
(0.0413
)
(0.0175
)
(0.0002
)
(0.0008
)
From net realized gain.
—
—
—
(0.0000
)(c)
(0.0001
)
Total distributions
(0.0378
)
(0.0413
)
(0.0175
)
(0.0002
)
(0.0009
)
Net asset value, end of year
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
Total Return(d)
Based on net asset value
3.85
%
4.21
%
1.76
%
0.02
%
0.08
%
Ratios to Average Net Assets
Total expenses
1.58
%
1.61
%
1.61
%
1.58
%
1.54
%
Total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed
1.30
%
1.30
%
1.13
%
0.18
%
0.35
%
Net investment income
3.83
%
4.11
%
1.54
%
0.01
%
0.09
%
Supplemental Data
Net assets, end of year (000)
$5,647
$8,368
$15,758
$26,648
$15,347
 
(a)
The amounts reported for a share outstanding may not accord with the change in aggregate gains and losses in securities for the fiscal period due to the timing of capital share transactions in relation to the fluctuating market values of the Fund’s underlying securities.
(b)
Distributions for annual periods determined in accordance with U.S. federal income tax regulations.
(c)
Amount is greater than $(0.00005) per share.
(d)
Where applicable, assumes the reinvestment of distributions.
43
General Information
Shareholder Documents
Electronic Access to Annual and Semi-Annual Reports, Annual and Semi-Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information and Prospectuses
Electronic copies of most financial reports and prospectuses are available on BlackRock’s website. Shareholders can sign up for e-mail notifications of annual and semi-annual reports, Annual and Semi-Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information and prospectuses by enrolling in the Fund’s electronic delivery program. To enroll:
Shareholders Who Hold Accounts with Investment Advisers, Banks or Brokerages: Please contact your Financial Intermediary. Please note that not all investment advisers, banks or brokerages may offer this service.
Shareholders Who Hold Accounts Directly With BlackRock:
◼
Access the BlackRock website at http://www.blackrock.com/edelivery; and
◼
Log into your account
Delivery of Shareholder Documents
The Fund delivers only one copy of shareholder documents, including prospectuses, shareholder reports and proxy statements, to shareholders with multiple accounts at the same address. This practice is known as “householding” and is intended to eliminate duplicate mailings and reduce expenses. Mailings of your shareholder documents may be householded indefinitely unless you instruct us otherwise. If you do not want the mailing of these documents to be combined with those for other members of your household, please contact the Fund at (800) 441-7762.
Certain Fund Policies
Anti-Money Laundering Requirements
The Fund is subject to the USA PATRIOT Act (the “Patriot Act”). The Patriot Act is intended to prevent the use of the U.S. financial system in furtherance of money laundering, terrorism or other illicit activities. Pursuant to requirements under the Patriot Act, the Fund is required to obtain sufficient information from shareholders to enable it to form a reasonable belief that it knows the true identity of its shareholders. This information will be used to verify the identity of investors or, in some cases, the status of Financial Intermediaries. Such information may be verified using third-party sources. This information will be used only for compliance with the Patriot Act or other applicable laws, regulations and rules in connection with money laundering, terrorism or economic sanctions.
The Fund reserves the right to reject purchase orders from persons who have not submitted information sufficient to allow the Fund to verify their identity. The Fund also reserves the right to redeem any amounts in the Fund from persons whose identity it is unable to verify on a timely basis. It is the Fund’s policy to cooperate fully with appropriate regulators in any investigations conducted with respect to potential money laundering, terrorism or other illicit activities.
BlackRock Privacy Principles
BlackRock is committed to maintaining the privacy of its current and former fund investors and individual clients (collectively, “Clients”) and to safeguarding their non-public personal information. The following information is provided to help you understand what personal information BlackRock collects, how we protect that information and why in certain cases we share such information with select parties.
If you are located in a jurisdiction where specific laws, rules or regulations require BlackRock to provide you with additional or different privacy-related rights beyond what is set forth below, then BlackRock will comply with those specific laws, rules or regulations.
BlackRock obtains or verifies personal non-public information from and about you from different sources, including the following: (i) information we receive from you or, if applicable, your Financial Intermediary, on applications, forms or other documents; (ii) information about your transactions with us, our affiliates, or others; (iii) information we receive from a consumer reporting agency; and (iv) from visits to our website.
44
BlackRock does not sell or disclose to non-affiliated third parties any non-public personal information about its Clients, except as permitted by law, or as is necessary to respond to regulatory requests or to service Client accounts. These non-affiliated third parties are required to protect the confidentiality and security of this information and to use it only for its intended purpose.
We may share information with our affiliates to service your account or to provide you with information about other BlackRock products or services that may be of interest to you. In addition, BlackRock restricts access to non-public personal information about its Clients to those BlackRock employees with a legitimate business need for the information. BlackRock maintains physical, electronic and procedural safeguards that are designed to protect the non-public personal information of its Clients, including procedures relating to the proper storage and disposal of such information.
Statement of Additional Information
If you would like further information about the Fund, including how it invests, please see the SAI.
For a discussion of the Fund’s policies and procedures regarding the selective disclosure of its portfolio holdings, please see the SAI.
45
Glossary
This glossary contains an explanation of some of the common terms used in this prospectus. For additional information about the Fund, please see the SAI.
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses — the Fund’s pro rata share of the fees and expenses incurred indirectly by the Fund as a result of investing in other investment companies.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses — expenses that cover the costs of operating the Fund.
Daily Liquid Assets — include (i) cash; (ii) direct obligations of the U.S. Government; (iii) securities that will mature, as determined without reference to the maturity shortening provisions of Rule 2a-7 regarding interest rate readjustments, or are subject to a demand feature that is exercisable and payable within one business day; and (iv) amounts receivable and due unconditionally within one business day on pending sales of portfolio securities.
Dollar-Weighted Average Life — the dollar-weighted average maturity of the Fund’s portfolio calculated without reference to the exceptions used for variable or floating rate securities regarding the use of interest rate reset dates in lieu of the security’s actual maturity date. “Dollar-weighted” means the larger the dollar value of a debt security based on its market value in the Fund, the more weight it gets in calculating this average.
Dollar-Weighted Average Maturity — the average maturity of the Fund is the average amount of time until the organizations that issued the debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio must pay off the principal amount of the debt. “Dollar-weighted” means the larger the dollar value of a debt security based on its market value in the Fund, the more weight it gets in calculating this average. To calculate the dollar-weighted average maturity, the Fund may treat a variable or floating rate security as having a maturity equal to the time remaining to the security’s next interest rate reset date or the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand rather than the security’s actual maturity.
Distribution Fees — fees used to support the Fund’s marketing and distribution efforts, such as compensating Financial Intermediaries, advertising and promotion.
Eligible Securities — Applicable Eligible Securities include:
◼
securities with a remaining maturity of 397 calendar days or less (with certain exceptions) that BlackRock determines present minimal credit risks to the Fund after considering certain factors;
◼
securities issued by other registered investment companies that are money market funds; or
◼
securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.
Interest Expense — the cost of borrowing money to buy additional securities, primarily through reverse repurchase agreements (under which the Fund sells securities and agrees to buy them back at a particular date and price).
Management Fee — a fee paid to BlackRock for managing the Fund.
Other Expenses — includes accounting, administration, transfer agency, custody, professional and registration fees.
Service Fees — fees used to compensate Financial Intermediaries for certain shareholder servicing activities.
Shareholder Fees — fees paid directly by a shareholder, including sales charges that you may pay when you buy or sell shares of the Fund.
Weekly Liquid Assets — include (i) cash; (ii) direct obligations of the U.S. Government; (iii) U.S. Government securities issued by a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an instrumentality of the U.S. Government pursuant to authority granted by the U.S. Congress, that are issued at a discount to the principal amount to be repaid at maturity without provision for the payment of interest and have a remaining maturity of 60 days or less; (iv) securities that will mature, as determined without reference to the maturity shortening provisions of Rule 2a-7 regarding interest rate readjustments, or are subject to a demand feature that is exercisable and payable within five business days; and (v) amounts receivable and due unconditionally within five business days on pending sales of portfolio securities.
46
Intermediary-Defined Sales Charge Waiver Policies
Intermediary-Defined Sales Charge Waiver Policies
Ameriprise Financial:
Front-end sales charge reductions on Investor A Shares purchased through Ameriprise Financial
Shareholders purchasing Investor A Shares of the Fund through an Ameriprise Financial platform or account are eligible only for the following sales charge reductions, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI. Such shareholders can reduce their initial sales charge on the purchase of Investor A Shares as follows:
◼
Transaction size breakpoints, as described in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI.
◼
Rights of accumulation (ROA), as described in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI.
◼
Letter of intent, as described in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI.
Front-end sales charge waivers on Investor A shares purchased through Ameriprise Financial
Shareholders purchasing Fund shares through an Ameriprise Financial platform or account are eligible for the following front-end sales charge waivers, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI. Such shareholders may purchase Investor A shares at NAV without payment of a sales charge as follows:
◼
Shares purchased by employer-sponsored retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans). For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs or SAR-SEPs.
◼
Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same Fund (but not any other fund within BlackRock Funds).
◼
Shares exchanged from Investor C Shares of the same fund in the month of or following the 7-year anniversary of the purchase date. To the extent that this prospectus elsewhere provides for a waiver with respect to exchanges of Investor C Shares or conversion of Investor C Shares following a shorter holding period, that waiver will apply to exchanges following such shorter period. To the extent that this Fund’s prospectus elsewhere provides for a waiver with respect to exchanges of Investor C Shares for load waived shares, that waiver will also apply to such exchanges.
◼
Shares purchased by employees and registered representatives of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates and their immediate family members.
◼
Shares purchased by or through qualified accounts (including IRAs, Coverdell Education Savings Accounts, 401(k)s, 403(b) TSCAs subject to ERISA and defined benefit plans) that are held by a covered family member, defined as an Ameriprise financial advisor and/or the advisor’s spouse, advisor’s lineal ascendant (mother, father, grandmother, grandfather, great grandmother, great grandfather), advisor’s lineal descendant (son, step-son, daughter, step-daughter, grandson, granddaughter, great grandson, great granddaughter) or any spouse of a covered family member who is a lineal descendant.
◼
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within BlackRock Funds, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge (i.e. Rights of Reinstatement).
CDSC waivers on Investor A and C Shares purchased through Ameriprise Financial
Fund shares purchased through an Ameriprise Financial retail brokerage account are eligible only for the following CDSC waivers, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI:
◼
Redemptions due to death or disability of the shareholder
◼
Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI
◼
Redemptions made in connection with a return of excess contributions from an IRA account
◼
Shares purchased through a Right of Reinstatement (as defined above)
◼
Redemptions made as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code
A-1
D.A. Davidson & Co. (“D.A. Davidson”):
Effective March 1, 2021, shareholders purchasing Fund shares including existing Fund shareholders, through a D.A. Davidson platform or account, or through an introducing broker-dealer or independent registered investment advisor for which D.A. Davidson provides trade execution, clearance, and/or custody services, will be eligible for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred, or back-end, sales charge waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Prospectus or the Fund’s SAI.
Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Investor A Shares Available at D.A. Davidson
◼
Shares purchased of the same Fund or another BlackRock Fund through a systematic reinvestment of capital gains and dividend distributions.
◼
Shares purchased by employees and registered representatives of D.A. Davidson or its affiliates and their family members as designated by D.A. Davidson.
◼
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions of the same Fund or another BlackRock Fund, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge (known as Rights of Reinstatement).
◼
A shareholder in the Fund’s Investor C Shares will have their shares converted at net asset value to Investor A Shares (or the appropriate share class) of the Fund if the shares are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conversion is consistent with D.A. Davidson’s policies and procedures.
CDSC Waivers on Investor A and C Shares Available at D.A. Davidson
◼
Shares sold due to the death or disability of the shareholder.
◼
Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund’s prospectus.
◼
Shares bought due to return of excess contributions from an IRA account.
◼
Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA or other qualifying retirement accounts pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code.
◼
Shares acquired through a Right of Reinstatement.
Front-End Sales Charge Discounts Available at D.A. Davidson: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation and/or Letters of Intent
◼
Breakpoints as described in this Prospectus.
◼
Rights of accumulation which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of BlackRock Fund assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at D.A. Davidson. Eligible BlackRock Fund assets not held at D.A. Davidson may be included in the calculation of rights of accumulation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.
◼
Letters of intent which allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases of BlackRock Funds, over a 13-month time period. Eligible BlackRock Fund assets not held at D.A. Davidson may be included in the calculation of letters of intent only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.
A-2
Edward D. Jones & Co., L.P. (“Edward Jones”):
Policies Regarding Transactions Through Edward Jones
 
The following information has been provided by Edward Jones:
Effective on or after August 1, 2024, the following information supersedes prior information with respect to transactions and positions held in fund shares through an Edward Jones system. Clients of Edward Jones (also referred to as “shareholders”) purchasing fund shares on the Edward Jones commission and fee-based platforms are eligible only for the following sales charge discounts (also referred to as “breakpoints”) and waivers, which can differ from discounts and waivers described elsewhere in this prospectus or statement of additional information (“SAI”) or through another broker-dealer. In all instances, it is the shareholder’s responsibility to inform Edward Jones at the time of purchase of any relationship, holdings of BlackRock Funds, or other facts qualifying the purchaser for discounts or waivers. Edward Jones can ask for documentation of such circumstance. Shareholders should contact Edward Jones if they have questions regarding their eligibility for these discounts and waivers.
Breakpoints
◼
Breakpoint pricing, otherwise known as volume pricing, at dollar thresholds as described in the prospectus.
Rights of Accumulation (“ROA”)
◼
The applicable sales charge on a purchase of Investor A Shares is determined by taking into account all share classes (except certain money market funds and any assets held in group retirement plans) of BlackRock Funds held by the shareholder or in an account grouped by Edward Jones with other accounts for the purpose of providing certain pricing considerations (“pricing groups”). If grouping assets as a shareholder, this includes all share classes held on the Edward Jones platform and/or held on another platform. The inclusion of eligible fund family assets in the ROA calculation is dependent on the shareholder notifying Edward Jones of such assets at the time of calculation. Money market funds are included only if such shares were sold with a sales charge at the time of purchase or acquired in exchange for shares purchased with a sales charge.
◼
The employer maintaining a SEP IRA plan and/or SIMPLE IRA plan may elect to establish or change ROA for the IRA accounts associated with the plan to a plan-level grouping as opposed to including all share classes at a shareholder or pricing group level.
◼
ROA is determined by calculating the higher of cost minus redemptions or market value (current shares multiplied by NAV).
Letter of Intent (“LOI”)
◼
Through a LOI, a shareholder can receive the sales charge and breakpoint discounts for purchases such shareholder intends to make over a 13-month period from the date Edward Jones receives the LOI. The LOI is determined by calculating the higher of cost or market value of qualifying holdings at LOI initiation in combination with the value that the shareholder intends to buy over a 13-month period to calculate the front-end sales charge and any breakpoint discounts. Each purchase the shareholder makes during that 13-month period will receive the sales charge and breakpoint discount that applies to the total amount. The inclusion of eligible BlackRock Funds assets in the LOI calculation is dependent on the shareholder notifying Edward Jones of such assets at the time of calculation. Purchases made before the LOI is received by Edward Jones are not adjusted under the LOI and will not reduce the sales charge previously paid. Sales charges will be adjusted if the LOI is not met.
◼
If the employer maintaining a SEP IRA plan and/or SIMPLE IRA plan has elected to establish or change ROA for the IRA accounts associated with the plan to a plan-level grouping, LOIs will also be at the plan-level and may only be established by the employer.
Sales Charge Waivers
Sales charges are waived for the following shareholders and in the following situations:
◼
Associates of Edward Jones and its affiliates and other accounts in the same pricing group (as determined by Edward Jones under its policies and procedures) as the associate. This waiver will continue for the remainder of the associate’s life if the associate retires from Edward Jones in good-standing and remains in good standing pursuant to Edward Jones’ policies and procedures.
◼
Shares purchased in an Edward Jones fee-based program.
◼
Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment.
A-3
◼
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redeemed shares of BlackRock Funds so long as the following conditions are met: the proceeds are from the sale of shares within 60 days of the purchase, the sale and purchase are made from a share class that charges a front load and one of the following (“Right of Reinstatement”):
◼
The redemption and repurchase occur in the same account.
◼
The redemption proceeds are used to process an: IRA contribution, return of excess contributions, conversion, recharacterizing of contributions, or distribution, and the repurchase is done in an account within the same Edward Jones grouping for ROA.
The Right of Reinstatement excludes systematic or automatic transactions including, but not limited to, purchases made through payroll deductions, liquidations to cover account fees, and reinvestments from non-mutual fund products.
◼
Shares exchanged into Investor A Shares from another share class so long as the exchange is into the same fund and was initiated at the discretion of Edward Jones. Edward Jones is responsible for any remaining CDSCs due to BlackRock, if applicable. Any future purchases are subject to the applicable sales charge as disclosed in the prospectus.
◼
Exchanges from Investor C Shares to Investor A Shares of the same fund, generally, in the 84th month following the anniversary of the purchase date or earlier at the discretion of Edward Jones.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (“CDSC”) Waivers
If the shareholder purchases shares that are subject to a CDSC and those shares are redeemed before the CDSC is expired, the shareholder is responsible to pay the CDSC except in the following conditions:
◼
The death or disability of the shareholder.
◼
Systematic withdrawals with up to 10% per year of the account value.
◼
Return of excess contributions from an IRA.
◼
Shares redeemed as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts if the redemption is taken in or after the year the shareholder reaches qualified age based on applicable IRS regulations.
◼
Shares redeemed to pay Edward Jones fees or costs in such cases where the transaction is initiated by Edward Jones.
◼
Shares exchanged in an Edward Jones fee-based program.
◼
Shares acquired through a NAV Reinstatement.
◼
Shares redeemed at the discretion of Edward Jones for Minimum Balances, as described below.
Other Important Information Regarding Transactions Through Edward Jones
Minimum Purchase Amounts for Investor A and Investor C Shares
◼
Initial purchase minimum: $250
◼
Subsequent purchase minimum: none
Minimum Balances
◼
Edward Jones has the right to redeem at its discretion fund holdings with a balance of $250 or less. The following are examples of accounts that are not included in this policy:
◼
A fee-based account held on an Edward Jones platform
◼
A 529 account held on an Edward Jones platform
◼
An account with an active systematic investment plan or LOI
Exchanging Share Classes
◼
At any time it deems necessary, Edward Jones has the authority to exchange at NAV a shareholder’s holdings in a fund to Investor A Shares of the same fund at NAV, provided that Edward Jones will be responsible for any remaining CDSC due to BlackRock, if applicable, and that the shareholders meet the eligibility requirements of the new share class.
A-4
J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES LLC:
Effective September 29, 2023, if you purchase or hold Fund shares through an applicable J.P. Morgan Securities LLC brokerage account, you will be eligible for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”), or back-end sales charge, waivers), share class conversion policy and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI.
Front-end sales charge waivers on Investor A Shares available at J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
◼
Shares exchanged from Investor C (i.e., level-load) Shares of the same Fund pursuant to J.P. Morgan Securities LLC’s policies relating to sales load discounts and waivers.
◼
Qualified employer-sponsored defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans, nonqualified deferred compensation plans, other employee benefit plans and trusts used to fund those plans. For purposes of this provision, such plans do not include SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, SAR-SEPs or 501(c)(3) accounts.
◼
Shares of Funds purchased through J.P. Morgan Securities LLC Self-Directed Investing accounts.
◼
Shares purchased through rights of reinstatement.
◼
Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same Fund (but not any other fund within the fund family).
◼
Shares purchased by employees and registered representatives of J.P. Morgan Securities LLC or its affiliates and their spouse or financial dependent.
Investor C to Investor A Share conversion
◼
A shareholder in the Fund’s Investor C Shares will have their shares converted by J.P. Morgan Securities LLC to Investor A Shares (or the appropriate share class) of the same Fund if the shares are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conversion is consistent with J.P. Morgan Securities LLC’s policies and procedures.
CDSC waivers on Investor A and C Shares available at J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
◼
Shares sold upon the death or disability of the shareholder.
◼
Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund’s prospectus.
◼
Shares purchased in connection with a return of excess contributions from an IRA account.
◼
Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code.
◼
Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement.
Front-end load discounts available at J.P. Morgan Securities LLC: breakpoints, rights of accumulation & letters of intent
◼
Breakpoints as described in the prospectus.
◼
Rights of Accumulation (ROA) which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts as described in the Fund’s prospectus will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of fund family assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at J.P. Morgan Securities LLC. Eligible fund family assets not held at J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (including 529 program holdings, where applicable) may be included in the ROA calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.
◼
Letters of Intent (LOI) which allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases within a fund family, through J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, over a 13-month period of time (if applicable).
A-5
Janney Montgomery Scott LLC:
Effective May 1, 2020, if you purchase fund shares through a Janney Montgomery Scott LLC (“Janney”) brokerage account, you will be eligible for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”), or back-end sales charge, waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI.
Front-end sales charge* waivers on Investor A shares available at Janney
◼
Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same fund (but not any other BlackRock Fund).
◼
Shares purchased by employees and registered representatives of Janney or its affiliates and their family members as designated by Janney.
◼
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions from another BlackRock Fund, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within ninety (90) days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge (i.e., right of reinstatement).
◼
Employer-sponsored retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans). For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans.
◼
Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement.
◼
Investor C shares that are no longer subject to a contingent deferred sales charge and are converted to Investor A shares of the same fund pursuant to Janney’s policies and procedures.
CDSC waivers on Investor A and C shares available at Janney
◼
Shares sold upon the death or disability of the shareholder.
◼
Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund’s prospectus or SAI.
◼
Shares purchased in connection with a return of excess contributions from an IRA account.
◼
Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code.
◼
Shares sold to pay Janney fees but only if the transaction is initiated by Janney.
◼
Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement.
◼
Shares exchanged into the same share class of a different fund.
Front-end sales charge* discounts available at Janney: breakpoints, rights of accumulation, and/or letters of intent
◼
Breakpoints as described in the Fund’s prospectus or SAI.
◼
Rights of accumulation (“ROA”), which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts, will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of BlackRock Fund assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at Janney. Eligible BlackRock Fund assets not held at Janney may be included in the ROA calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.
◼
Letters of intent which allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases within a BlackRock Fund, over a 13-month time period. Eligible BlackRock Fund assets not held at Janney Montgomery Scott may be included in the calculation of letters of intent only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.
*Also referred to as an “initial sales charge.”
A-6
Merrill Lynch:
Purchases or sales of front-end (i.e. Investor A) or level-load (i.e., Investor C) mutual fund shares through a Merrill platform or account will be eligible only for the following sales load waivers (front-end, contingent deferred, or back-end waivers) and discounts, which differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s prospectus. Purchasers will have to buy mutual fund shares directly from the mutual fund company or through another intermediary to be eligible for waivers or discounts not listed below.
It is the client’s responsibility to notify Merrill at the time of purchase or sale of any relationship or other facts that qualify the transaction for a waiver or discount. A Merrill representative may ask for reasonable documentation of such facts and Merrill may condition the granting of a waiver or discount on the timely receipt of such documentation.
Additional information on waivers and discounts is available in the Merrill Sales Load Waiver and Discounts Supplement (the “Merrill SLWD Supplement”) and in the Mutual Fund Investing at Merrill pamphlet at ml.com/funds. Clients are encouraged to review these documents and speak with their financial advisor to determine whether a transaction is eligible for a waiver or discount.
Front-end Load Waivers Available at Merrill
◼
Shares of mutual funds available for purchase by employer-sponsored retirement, deferred compensation, and employee benefit plans (including health savings accounts) and trusts used to fund those plans provided the shares are not held in a commission-based brokerage account and shares are held for the benefit of the plan. For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans
◼
Shares purchased through a Merrill investment advisory program
◼
Brokerage class shares exchanged from advisory class shares due to the holdings moving from a Merrill investment advisory program to a Merrill brokerage account
◼
Shares purchased through the Merrill Edge Self-Directed platform
◼
Shares purchased through the systematic reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same mutual fund in the same account
◼
Shares exchanged from level-load shares to front-end load shares of the same mutual fund in accordance with the description in the Merrill SLWD Supplement
◼
Shares purchased by eligible employees of Merrill or its affiliates and their family members who purchase shares in accounts within the employee’s Merrill Household (as defined in the Merrill SLWD Supplement)
◼
Shares purchased by eligible persons associated with the Fund as defined in this prospectus (e.g. the Fund’s officers or trustees)
◼
Shares purchased from the proceeds of a mutual fund redemption in front-end load shares provided (1) the repurchase is in a mutual fund within the same fund family, (2) the repurchase occurs within 90 calendar days from the redemption trade date, and (3) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account (known as Rights of Reinstatement). Automated transactions (i.e. systematic purchases and withdrawals) and purchases made after shares are automatically sold to pay Merrill’s account maintenance fees are not eligible for Rights of Reinstatement
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (“CDSC”) Waivers on Front-end, Back-end, and Level Load Shares Available at Merrill
◼
Shares sold due to the client’s death or disability (as defined by Internal Revenue Code Section 22e(3))
◼
Shares sold pursuant to a systematic withdrawal program subject to Merrill’s maximum systematic withdrawal limits as described in the Merrill SLWD Supplement
◼
Shares sold due to return of excess contributions from an IRA account
◼
Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the investor reaching the qualified age based on applicable IRS regulation
◼
Front-end or level-load shares held in commission-based, non-taxable retirement brokerage accounts (e.g. traditional, Roth, rollover, SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans) that are transferred to fee-based accounts or platforms and exchanged for a lower cost share class of the same mutual fund
Front-end Load Discounts Available at Merrill: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation & Letters of Intent
◼
Breakpoint discounts, as described in this prospectus, where the sales load is at or below the maximum sales load that Merrill permits to be assessed to a front-end load purchase, as described in the Merrill SLWD Supplement
A-7
◼
Rights of Accumulation (ROA), as described in the Merrill SLWD Supplement, which entitle clients to breakpoint discounts based on the aggregated holdings of mutual fund family assets held in accounts in their Merrill Household
◼
Letters of Intent (LOI), which allow for breakpoint discounts on eligible new purchases based on anticipated future eligible purchases within a fund family at Merrill, in accounts within your Merrill Household, as further described in the Merrill SLWD Supplement
A-8
Morgan Stanley Wealth Management:
Morgan Stanley Wealth Management Investor A Share Front-End Sales Charge Waiver
Effective July 1, 2018, Morgan Stanley Wealth Management clients purchasing Investor A Shares of the Fund through Morgan Stanley’s transactional brokerage accounts are entitled to a waiver of the front-end sales charge in the following circumstances:
◼
Employer-sponsored retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans). For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans does not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans
◼
Morgan Stanley employee and employee-related accounts according to Morgan Stanley’s account linking rules
◼
Shares purchased through reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions when purchasing shares of the same fund
◼
Shares purchased through a Morgan Stanley self-directed brokerage account
◼
Investor C Shares that are no longer subject to a contingent deferred sales charge and are exchanged for Investor A Shares of the same fund pursuant to Morgan Stanley Wealth Management’s share class conversion program
◼
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within BlackRock Funds under a Rights of Reinstatement provision, provided the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge
Unless specifically described above, no other front-end sales charge waivers are available to mutual fund purchases by Morgan Stanley Wealth Management clients through Morgan Stanley’s transactional brokerage accounts.
A-9
Oppenheimer & Co. Inc.:
Effective May 1, 2020, shareholders purchasing Fund shares through an Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. (“OPCO”) platform or account are eligible only for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred, or back-end, sales charge waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI.
Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Investor A Shares available at OPCO
◼
Shares purchased by employer-sponsored retirement, deferred compensation and employee benefit plans (including health savings accounts) and trusts used to fund those plans, provided that the shares are not held in a commission-based brokerage account and shares are held for the benefit of the plan
◼
Shares purchased by or through a 529 Plan
◼
Shares purchased through an OPCO affiliated investment advisory program
◼
Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same fund (but not any other BlackRock Fund)
◼
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions from another BlackRock Fund, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge (known as Rights of Reinstatement)
◼
A shareholder in the Fund’s Investor C Shares will have their shares converted at net asset value to Investor A Shares (or the appropriate share class) of the Fund if the shares are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conversion is in line with the policies and procedures of OPCO
◼
Shares purchased by employees and registered representatives of OPCO or its affiliates and their family members
◼
Shares purchased by directors or trustees of the Fund, and employees of the Fund’s investment adviser or any of its affiliates, as described in this prospectus
CDSC Waivers on Investor A and C Shares available at OPCO
◼
Shares sold due to death or disability of the shareholder
◼
Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund’s prospectus
◼
Shares bought due to return of excess contributions from an IRA account
◼
Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching the qualified age based on applicable IRS regulations as described in the prospectus
◼
Shares sold to pay OPCO fees but only if the transaction is initiated by OPCO
◼
Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement
Front-End Sales Charge Discounts Available at OPCO: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation & Letters of Intent
◼
Breakpoints as described in this prospectus
◼
Rights of Accumulation (“ROA”) and Letters of Intent (“LOI”) which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of BlackRock Fund assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at OPCO. Eligible BlackRock Fund assets not held at OPCO may be included in the ROA or LOI calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets
A-10
Raymond James & Associates, Inc., Raymond James Financial Services, Inc. and Each Entity’s Affiliates (“Raymond James”):
Effective March 1, 2019, shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Raymond James platform or account, or through an introducing broker-dealer or independent registered investment adviser for which Raymond James provides trade execution, clearance, and/or custody services, will be eligible only for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and CDSC waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus or the SAI.
Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Investor A Shares Available at Raymond James
◼
Shares purchased in a Raymond James investment advisory program.
◼
Shares purchased of the same Fund or another BlackRock Fund through a systematic reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend distributions.
◼
Shares purchased by employees and registered representatives of Raymond James or its affiliates and their family members as designated by Raymond James.
◼
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions from another BlackRock Fund, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge (known as Rights of Reinstatement).
◼
A shareholder in the Fund’s Investor C shares will have their shares converted at net asset value to Investor A shares of the Fund if the shares are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conversion is in line with the policies and procedures of Raymond James.
CDSC Waivers on Investor A and C Shares Available at Raymond James
◼
Shares sold due to death or disability of the shareholder.
◼
Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund’s prospectus.
◼
Shares bought due to return of excess contributions from an IRA Account.
◼
Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching the qualified age based on applicable IRS regulations as described in the Fund’s prospectus or SAI.
◼
Shares sold to pay Raymond James fees but only if the transaction is initiated by Raymond James.
◼
Shares acquired through a Right of Reinstatement.
Front-End Sales Charge Discounts Available at Raymond James: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation and/or Letters of Intent
◼
Breakpoints as described in this prospectus.
◼
Rights of accumulation which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of BlackRock Fund assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at Raymond James. Eligible BlackRock Fund assets not held at Raymond James may be included in the calculation of rights of accumulation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.
◼
Letters of intent which allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases of BlackRock Funds over a 13-month time period. Eligible BlackRock Fund assets not held at Raymond James may be included in the calculation of letters of intent only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.
A-11
Robert W. Baird & Co. (“Baird”):
Effective June 15, 2020, shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Baird platform or account will only be eligible for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and CDSC waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI.
Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Investor A Shares Available at Baird
◼
Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing share of the same fund
◼
Shares purchased by employees and registered representatives of Baird or its affiliates and their family members as designated by Baird
◼
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions from another BlackRock Fund, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge (known as Rights of Reinstatement)
◼
A shareholder in the Fund’s Investor C shares will have their shares converted at net asset value to Investor A shares of the fund if the shares are no longer subject to CDSC and the conversion is in line with the policies and procedures of Baird
◼
Shares purchased by employer-sponsored retirement plans or charitable accounts in a transactional brokerage account at Baird, including 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans. For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs or SAR-SEPs
CDSC Waivers on Investor A and C Shares Available at Baird
◼
Shares sold due to death or disability of the shareholder
◼
Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund’s prospectus
◼
Shares bought due to returns of excess contributions from an IRA account
◼
Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching the qualified age based on applicable Internal Revenue Service regulations as described in the Fund’s prospectus
◼
Shares sold to pay Baird fees but only if the transaction is initiated by Baird
◼
Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement
Front-End Sales Charge Discounts Available at Baird: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation, & Letters of Intent
◼
Breakpoints as described in this prospectus
◼
Rights of Accumulation (“ROA”) which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of BlackRock Fund assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at Baird. Eligible BlackRock Fund assets not held at Baird may be included in ROA calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets
◼
Letters of Intent (“LOI”) allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases of BlackRock Funds through Baird, over a 13-month period of time
A-12
Wells Fargo Advisors Financial Network, LLC (collectively, “Wells Fargo Advisors”)
Wells Fargo Clearing Services, LLC operates a First Clearing business, but these rules are not intended to include First Clearing firms.
Effective October 1, 2025, clients of Wells Fargo Advisors purchasing Fund shares through Wells Fargo Advisors are eligible for the following sales charge discounts (also referred to as “breakpoints”) and waivers, which can differ from discounts and waivers described elsewhere in the prospectus or SAI. In all instances, it is the investor’s responsibility to inform Wells Fargo Advisors at the time of purchase of any relationship, holdings, or other facts qualifying the investor for discounts or waivers. Wells Fargo Advisors can ask for documentation supporting the qualification.
Wells Fargo Advisors Investor A Share front-end sales charge waivers information.
Wells Fargo Advisors clients purchasing or converting to Investor A Shares of the Fund in a Wells Fargo Advisors brokerage account are entitled to a waiver of the front-end load in the following circumstances:
◼
Wells Fargo Advisors employee and employee-related accounts according to Wells Fargo Advisor’s employee account linking rules. Legacy accounts and positions receiving affiliate discounts prior to October 1, 2025 will continue to receive discounts. Going forward employees of affiliate businesses will not be offered NAV.
◼
Shares purchased through reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions when purchasing shares of the same fund.
WellsTrade, the firm’s online self-directed brokerage account, generally offers no-load share classes but there could be instances where an Investor A Share is offered without a front-end sales charge.
Unless specifically described above, other front-end load waivers are not available on mutual fund purchases through Wells Fargo Advisors.
Wells Fargo Advisors Contingent Deferred Sales Charge information.
CDSC imposed on Fund redemptions will not be rebated based on future purchases.
Wells Fargo Advisors Investor A Share front-end load discounts
Wells Fargo Advisors clients purchasing Investor A Shares of the Fund through Wells Fargo Advisors brokerage accounts will follow the following aggregation rules for breakpoint discounts:
◼
Effective October 1, 2025, SEP or SIMPLE IRAs will not be aggregated as a group plan. They will aggregate with the client’s personal accounts based on Social Security Number. Previously established SEP and SIMPLE IRAs may still be aggregated as a group plan.
◼
Effective October 1, 2025, employer-sponsored retirement plan (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans) accounts will aggregate with other plan accounts under the same Tax ID and will not be aggregated with other retirement plan accounts under a different Tax ID or personal accounts. For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans.
◼
Gift of shares will not be considered when determining breakpoint discounts.
A-13
 
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For More Information
Fund and Service Providers
FUND
BlackRock FundsSM
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
100 Bellevue Parkway
Wilmington, Delaware 19809
Written Correspondence:
P.O. Box 534429
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15253-4429
Overnight Mail:
Attention: 534429
500 Ross Street 154-0520
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15262
(800) 441-7762
MANAGER
BlackRock Advisors, LLC
100 Bellevue Parkway
Wilmington, Delaware 19809
SUB-ADVISER
BlackRock International Limited
Exchange Place One
1 Semple Street
Edinburgh, EH3 8BL
United Kingdom
TRANSFER AGENT
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc.
301 Bellevue Parkway
Wilmington, Delaware 19809
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Deloitte & Touche LLP
115 Federal Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
ACCOUNTING SERVICES PROVIDER
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11
New York, New York 10179
DISTRIBUTOR
BlackRock Investments, LLC
50 Hudson Yards
New York, New York 10001
CUSTODIANS
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11
New York, New York 10179
The Bank of New York Mellon
240 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10286
COUNSEL
Sidley Austin LLP
787 Seventh Avenue
New York, New York 10019
Additional Information
For more information:
This prospectus contains important information you should know before investing, including information about risks. Please read it before you invest and keep it for future reference. More information about the Fund is available at no charge upon request. This information includes:
Annual/Semi-Annual Reports and Form N-CSR
The Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports and Form N-CSR contain additional information about the Fund’s investments. In Form N-CSR, you will find the Fund’s financial statements.
Statement of Additional Information
A Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), dated July 29, 2025, has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The SAI, which includes additional information about the Fund, may be obtained free of charge, along with the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports and other information such as Fund financial statements, by calling (800) 441-7762. The SAI, as amended and/or supplemented from time to time, is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
BlackRock Investor Services
Representatives are available to discuss account balance information, mutual fund prospectuses, literature, programs and services available. Hours: 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (Eastern time), on any business day. Call: (800) 441-7762.
Purchases and Redemptions
Call your Financial Intermediary or BlackRock Investor Services at (800) 441-7762.
World Wide Web
General Fund information and specific Fund performance, including the SAI, annual/semi-annual reports and other information such as Fund financial statements, can be accessed free of charge at www.blackrock.com/prospectus/cash. Mutual fund prospectuses and literature can also be requested via this website.
Written Correspondence
BlackRock FundsSM
P.O. Box 534429
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15253-4429
Overnight Mail
BlackRock FundsSM
Attention: 534429
500 Ross Street 154-0520
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15262
Internal Wholesalers/Broker Dealer Support
Available on any business day to support investment professionals. Call: (800) 882-0052.
Portfolio Characteristics and Holdings
A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures related to disclosure of portfolio characteristics and holdings is available in the SAI.
For information about portfolio holdings and characteristics, BlackRock fund shareholders and prospective investors may call (800) 882-0052.
Securities and Exchange Commission
You may also view and copy public information about the Fund, including the SAI, by visiting the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov). Copies of this information can be obtained, for a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No one is authorized to provide you with information that is different from information contained in this prospectus.
The SEC has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT FILE # 811-05742
 
PRO-WELEAF-0725
JULY 29, 2025 
 
 
Prospectus
BlackRock FundsSM | Service Shares
●
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
Service: PNPXX
This Prospectus contains information you should know before investing, including information about risks. Please read it before you invest and keep it for future reference.
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Not FDIC Insured ● May Lose Value ● No Bank Guarantee
Key facts and details about the Fund, including investment objective,
principal investment strategies, principal risk factors, fee and expense
information and historical performance information
 
 
3
 
3
 
3
 
4
 
7
 
7
 
7
 
8
 
8
 
Information about how the Fund invests, including investment objective,
investment processes, principal strategies and risk factors
 
 
9
 
12
 
Information about account services, sales charges and waivers,
shareholder transactions, and distribution and other payments
 
 
19
 
19
 
20
 
24
 
25
 
25
 
25
 
 
Financial Performance of the Fund
31
 
 
 
 
Glossary of Investment Terms
34
 
 
 
Fund Overview
Investment Objective
The investment objective of BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund (“WeLEAF” or the “Fund”), a series of BlackRock FundsSM (the “Trust”), is to seek as high a level of current income as is consistent with liquidity and preservation of capital while giving consideration to select environmental criteria.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell Service Shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to your financial professional or your selected securities dealer, broker, investment adviser, service provider or industry professional (including BlackRock Advisors, LLC (“BlackRock”) and its affiliates) (each, a “Financial Intermediary”), which are not reflected in the table and example below. 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a
percentage of the value of your investment)
 
Service Shares
Management Fee
0.40
%
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
0.25
%
Other Expenses
0.08
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
0.73
%
Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements1
(0.23
)%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements1
0.50
%
 
1
As described in the “Management of the Fund” section of the Fund’s prospectus beginning on page 27, BlackRock Advisors, LLC (“BlackRock”), the Fund’s investment manager, has contractually agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees or expenses in order to limit Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements (excluding Dividend Expense, Interest Expense, Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses and certain other Fund expenses) to 0.50% (for Service Shares) of average daily net assets through June 30, 2027. The contractual agreement may be terminated upon 90 days’ notice by a majority of the non-interested trustees of the Trust or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.
Example:
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 
 
1 Year
3 Years
5 Years
10 Years
Service Shares
$51
$210
$383
$885
 
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a broad range of U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments, including government, U.S. and foreign bank, and commercial obligations and repurchase agreements. Under normal conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer or guarantor, in the opinion of BlackRock, the Fund’s investment manager, at the time of purchase, meets the Fund’s environmental criteria. This policy is a non-fundamental policy of the Fund. However, the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ prior written notice of any changes to the policy.
BlackRock will consider the following as part of the Fund’s environmental criteria:
3
◼
The Fund will invest in securities whose issuer (or guarantor, if applicable) at the time of the Fund’s investment has better than average performance in environmental practices. In evaluating performance in environmental practices, BlackRock will use data or other environmental, social, or governance risk metrics including ratings provided by independent research vendor(s) in determining whether to invest (or continue to invest) in securities issued or guaranteed by a particular entity. These independent research vendor(s) may consider one or more of the following factors: issuer or industry exposure to environmentally intensive activities, disclosures by an issuer around climate related issues and environmental matters or specific targets or plans by an issuer to manage environmental exposures. BlackRock may change an independent research vendor at any time in its discretion. BlackRock will consider factors such as emissions, energy and water intensity, waste generation, green revenues and environmental disclosure levels in evaluating the environmental performance of an issuer or guarantor.
◼
U.S. Government securities will be considered to have met the Fund’s environmental criteria
◼
The Fund will not invest in securities issued or guaranteed by entities:
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from fossil fuels mining, exploration or refinement; or
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from thermal coal based power generation.
In determining the efficacy of an issuer’s or guarantor’s environmental practices, BlackRock may also employ a proprietary model it has developed to consider the impact of various actions of an issuer or guarantor. The model uses third party data as well as information obtained by BlackRock to assess whether particular environmental factors may be material to an issuer or guarantor and capture any momentum around these factors. The model also seeks to consider more current headline news around an issuer or guarantor. The model may employ different inputs and weigh the significance of those inputs differently than the third party data sources that are used. BlackRock will conduct, as appropriate, its environmental evaluation of issuers and guarantors relative to a specific sector or across multiple sectors.
In addition, the Fund may invest in mortgage- and asset-backed securities, short-term obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia, and their respective authorities, agencies, instrumentalities and political subdivisions and derivative securities such as tender option bonds, beneficial interests in municipal trust certificates and partnership trusts. The Fund may invest in “green” bonds where, in the opinion of BlackRock, the use of proceeds from the sale of these securities will be used to finance projects intended to generate an environmental benefit. The Fund may also invest in variable and floating rate instruments, and transact in securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis.
Under normal market conditions, at least 25% of the Fund’s total assets will be invested in obligations of issuers in the financial services industry or in obligations, such as repurchase agreements, secured by such obligations.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) have below average performance in environmental practices or whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) are not evaluated by any independent research vendor(s) currently used by the Fund, and whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) do not otherwise meet the Fund’s environmental criteria.
The Fund seeks to maintain a net asset value (“NAV”) of $1.00 per share.
The securities purchased by the Fund are subject to the quality, diversification, and other requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), and other rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
Risk is inherent in all investing. You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The Fund may impose a fee upon the sale of your shares. An investment in the Fund is not a bank account and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor is not required to reimburse the Fund for losses, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time, including during periods of market stress.
The following is a summary description of principal risks of investing in the Fund. The relative significance of each risk factor below may change over time and you should review each risk factor carefully.
◼
Credit Risk — Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a debt security (i.e., the borrower) will be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest and principal when due or otherwise honor their obligations.
4
Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also adversely affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer.
◼
Environmental Criteria Risk — The risk that because the Fund’s environmental criteria exclude securities of certain issuers for nonfinancial reasons, the Fund may forgo some market opportunities available to funds that do not use these criteria. Consequently, the Fund may underperform funds that do not utilize an environmental strategy. BlackRock’s assessment of an issuer’s environmental criteria may change over time, which could cause the Fund to hold securities that may no longer meet BlackRock’s current environmental criteria.
In evaluating the environmental criteria for an issuer or guarantor, BlackRock is dependent upon information and data that may be incomplete, inaccurate or unavailable. Currently, environmental data often lacks standardization, consistency and in some cases transparency. There may be different methodologies used by different data sources who compile environmental ratings of issuers or guarantors. This could adversely affect the analysis of the environmental criteria relevant to a particular issuer or guarantor. If BlackRock were to solely rely on this data, the Fund may invest in issuers or guarantors who may not meet the environmental criteria for investment. Investing on the basis of environmental criteria is qualitative and subjective by nature and there can be no assurance that the process utilized by any vendors of BlackRock or any judgment exercised by BlackRock will reflect the beliefs or values of any particular investor.
◼
Financial Services Industry Risk — Because of its concentration in the financial services industry, the Fund will be more susceptible to any economic, business, political or other developments which generally affect this industry sector. As a result, the Fund will be exposed to a large extent to the risks associated with that industry, such as government regulation, the availability and cost of capital funds (including the availability and stability of deposits in the case of deposit-taking institutions), consolidation and general economic conditions. Financial services companies are also exposed to losses if borrowers and other counterparties experience financial problems and/or cannot repay their obligations.
When interest rates go up, the value of securities issued by many types of financial services companies generally goes down. In many countries, financial services and the companies that provide them are regulated by governmental entities, which can increase costs for new services or products and make it difficult to pass increased costs on to consumers. In certain areas, deregulation of financial services companies has resulted in increased competition and reduced profitability for certain companies.
The profitability of many types of financial services companies may be adversely affected in certain market cycles, including periods of rising interest rates, which may restrict the availability and increase the cost of capital, and declining economic conditions, which may cause credit losses due to financial difficulties of borrowers. Because many types of financial services companies are vulnerable to these economic cycles, a large portion of the Fund’s investments may lose value during such periods.
◼
Discretionary Liquidity Fee Risk — The Board, or its delegate, has discretion to impose a liquidity fee of up to 2% upon sale of your shares if such fee is determined to be in the best interests of the Fund. Accordingly, your redemptions may be subject to a liquidity fee when you sell your shares at certain times.
◼
Extension Risk — When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall.
◼
Foreign Exposure Risk — Securities issued or supported by foreign entities, including foreign banks and corporations, may involve additional risks and considerations. Extensive public information about the foreign issuer may not be available, and unfavorable political, economic or governmental developments in the foreign country involved could affect the payment of principal and interest.
◼
Income Risk — Income risk is the risk that the Fund’s yield will vary as short-term securities in its portfolio mature and the proceeds are reinvested in securities with different interest rates.
◼
Interest Rate Risk — Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of a debt security may fall when interest rates rise. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will go up or down more in response to changes in interest rates than the market price of shorter-term securities. Due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. Very low or negative interest rates may magnify interest rate risk. During periods of very low or negative interest rates, the Fund may be unable to maintain positive returns or pay dividends to Fund shareholders. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates during a period of historically low interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and may detract from the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
◼
Market Risk and Selection Risk — Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which the Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. The value of a
5
security or other asset may decline due to changes in general market conditions, economic trends or events that are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or other asset, or factors that affect a particular issuer or issuers, exchange, country, group of countries, region, market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class. Local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues like pandemics or epidemics, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the Fund and its investments. Selection risk is the risk that the securities selected by Fund management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. This means you may lose money.
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Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities Risks — Mortgage- and asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of mortgages or other assets, including consumer loans or receivables held in trust. Mortgage- and asset-backed securities are subject to credit, interest rate, prepayment and extension risks. These securities also are subject to risk of default on the underlying mortgage or asset, particularly during periods of economic downturn. Small movements in interest rates (both increases and decreases) may quickly and significantly reduce the value of certain mortgage-backed securities.
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Operational and Technology Risks — The Fund is directly and indirectly susceptible to operational and technology risks, including those related to human errors, processing errors, communication errors, systems failures, cybersecurity incidents, and the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning (“AI”), which may result in losses for the Fund and its shareholders or may impair the Fund’s operations. While the Fund’s service providers are required to have appropriate operational, information security and cybersecurity risk management policies and procedures, their methods of risk management may differ from those of the Fund. Operational and technology risks for the issuers in which the Fund invests could also result in material adverse consequences for such issuers and may cause the Fund’s investments in such issuers to lose value.
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Prepayment Risk — When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated, and the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields.
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Repurchase Agreements and Purchase and Sale Contracts Risk — If the other party to a repurchase agreement or purchase and sale contract defaults on its obligation under the agreement, the Fund may suffer delays and incur costs or lose money in exercising its rights under the agreement. If the seller fails to repurchase the security in either situation and the market value of the security declines, the Fund may lose money.
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Risk of Investing in the United States — Certain changes in the U.S. economy, such as when the U.S. economy weakens or when its financial markets decline, may have an adverse effect on the securities to which the Fund has exposure.
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Stable Net Asset Value Risk — The Fund may not be able to maintain a stable NAV of $1.00 per share at all times. If the Fund fails to maintain a stable NAV (or if there is a perceived threat of such a failure), the Fund, along with other money market funds, could be subject to increased redemption activity.
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Treasury Obligations Risk — Direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury have historically involved little risk of loss of principal if held to maturity. However, due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. In addition, notwithstanding that U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
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U.S. Government Obligations Risk — Certain securities in which the Fund may invest, including securities issued by certain U.S. Government agencies and U.S. Government sponsored enterprises, are not guaranteed by the U.S. Government or supported by the full faith and credit of the United States. In addition, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal on U.S. Government obligations, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
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Variable and Floating Rate Instrument Risk — Variable and floating rate securities provide for periodic adjustment in the interest rate paid on the securities. Securities with floating or variable interest rates can be less sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with fixed interest rates, but may decline in value if their coupon rates do not reset as high, or as quickly, as comparable market interest rates, and generally carry lower yields than fixed securities of the same maturity. These securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. A decline in interest rates may result in a reduction in income received from variable and floating rate securities held by the Fund and may adversely affect the value of the Fund’s shares. Benchmark interest rates may not accurately track market interest rates. Although floating rate securities are less sensitive to interest rate risk than fixed-rate securities, they are subject to credit risk and default risk, which could impair their value.
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When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments Risk — When-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments involve the risk that the security the Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party to the transaction will not meet its obligation. If this occurs, the Fund may lose both the investment opportunity for the assets it set aside to pay for the security and any gain in the security’s price.
Performance Information
The information shows you how the Fund’s performance has varied year by year and provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. To the extent that dividends and distributions have been paid by the Fund, the performance information for the Fund in the chart and table assumes reinvestment of the dividends and distributions. As with all such investments, past performance is not an indication of future results. The table includes all applicable fees. If BlackRock and its affiliates had not waived or reimbursed certain Fund expenses during these periods, the Fund’s returns would have been lower. The Fund is a money market fund managed pursuant to the requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act. Effective May 11, 2020, the Fund changed its name, investment objective and investment strategies. Performance for the periods prior to May 11, 2020 shown below is based on the investment strategies utilized by the Fund at that time under the name “BlackRock Money Market Portfolio.” Updated information on the Fund’s performance can be obtained by visiting http://www.blackrock.com/cash or can be obtained by phone at (800) 882-0052.
Service Shares
ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
As of 12/31
 
During the ten-year period shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a quarter was 1.28% (quarter ended December 31, 2023) and the lowest return for a quarter was 0.00% (quarter ended September 30, 2021). The year-to-date return as of June 30, 2025 was 2.02%. 
For the periods ended 12/31/24
Average Annual Total Returns
1 Year
5 Years
10 Years
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund — Service Shares
Return Before Taxes
4.97
%
2.30
%
1.61
%
 
To obtain the Fund’s current 7-day yield, call (800) 537-4942 or visit the Fund’s website at www.blackrock.com/cash.
Investment Manager
The Fund’s investment manager is BlackRock Advisors, LLC (previously defined as “BlackRock”). The Fund’s sub-adviser is BlackRock International Limited (the “Sub-Adviser”). Where applicable, “BlackRock” refers also to the Sub-Adviser.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The Fund is a retail money market fund and is intended only for sale to beneficial owners who are natural persons.
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You may generally purchase or redeem shares of the Fund each day on which both the New York Stock Exchange and the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia are open.
To purchase or sell shares of the Fund you should contact your financial professional or your selected securities dealer, broker, investment adviser, service provider or industry professional (including BlackRock and its affiliates) (each a “Financial Intermediary”), or, if you hold your shares through the Fund, you should contact the Fund by phone at (800) 537-4942, by mail (c/o BlackRock Funds, P.O. Box 534429, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15253-4429), or by the Internet at www.blackrock.com. You have until the close of the federal funds wire (normally 6:45 p.m. Eastern time) to get your purchase money in to the Fund on the day of your purchase or your purchase order will be cancelled.
The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases. 
 
Service Shares
Minimum Initial Investment
$5,000
Minimum Additional Investment
No subsequent minimum.
 
Tax Information
The Fund’s dividends and distributions may be subject to U.S. federal income taxes and may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are a tax-exempt investor or are investing through a qualified tax-exempt plan described in section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, in which case you may be subject to U.S. federal income tax when distributions are received from such tax-deferred arrangements.
Payments to Broker/Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the Fund through a Financial Intermediary, the Fund and BlackRock Investments, LLC, the Fund’s distributor, or its affiliates may pay the Financial Intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services.
These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Financial Intermediary and your individual financial professional to recommend the Fund over another investment.
Ask your individual financial professional or visit your Financial Intermediary’s website for more information.
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Details About the Fund
Included in this prospectus are sections that tell you about buying and selling shares, management information, shareholder features of BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund (“WeLEAF” or the “Fund”), a series of BlackRock FundsSM (the “Trust”), and your rights as a shareholder.
How the Fund Invests
The Fund is a retail money market fund managed pursuant to Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).
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The Fund seeks to maintain a net asset value (“NAV”) of $1.00 per share.
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The Fund will maintain a dollar-weighted average maturity of 60 days or less and a dollar-weighted average life of 120 days or less. For a discussion of dollar-weighted average maturity and dollar-weighted average life, please see the Glossary on page 34.
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Pursuant to Rule 2a-7, the Fund is subject to a “general liquidity requirement” that requires that the Fund hold securities that are sufficiently liquid to meet reasonably foreseeable shareholder redemptions in light of its obligations under Section 22(e) of the Investment Company Act regarding share redemptions and any commitments the Fund has made to shareholders. To comply with this general liquidity requirement, BlackRock Advisors, LLC (“BlackRock”) must consider factors that could affect the Fund’s liquidity needs, including characteristics of the Fund’s investors and their likely redemptions. Depending upon the volatility of its cash flows (particularly shareholder redemptions), this may require the Fund to maintain greater liquidity than would be required by the daily and weekly minimum liquidity requirements discussed below.
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The Fund will not acquire any illiquid security (i.e., securities that cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the value ascribed to them by the Fund) if, immediately following such purchase, more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets are invested in illiquid securities.
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The Fund will not acquire any security other than a daily liquid asset unless, immediately following such purchase, at least 25% of its total assets would be invested in daily liquid assets, and the Fund will not acquire any security other than a weekly liquid asset unless, immediately following such purchase, at least 50% of its total assets would be invested in weekly liquid assets. For a discussion of daily liquid assets and weekly liquid assets, please see the Glossary on page 34.
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The Fund invests in securities maturing within 13 months or less from the date of purchase, with certain exceptions. For example, certain government securities held by the Fund may have remaining maturities exceeding 13 months if such securities provide for adjustments in their interest rates not less frequently than every 13 months.
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The securities purchased by the Fund are subject to the quality, diversification, and other requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act, and other rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Fund will only purchase securities that are Eligible Securities. When required under Rule 2a-7, BlackRock will determine whether an instrument presents minimal credit risk pursuant to guidelines approved by the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”). For a discussion of Eligible Securities, please see the Glossary.
The Board, or its delegate, may impose a discretionary liquidity fee on redemptions from the Fund (up to 2%) under certain circumstances. Please see the section below titled “Account Information — Discretionary Liquidity Fees” for additional information about discretionary liquidity fees.
Investment Objective
The investment objective of the Fund is to seek as high a level of current income as is consistent with liquidity and preservation of capital while giving consideration to select environmental criteria.
Should the Board determine that the investment objective of the Fund should be changed, shareholders will be given at least 30 days’ notice before any such change is made. However, such change can be effected without shareholder approval.
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Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a broad range of U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments, including government, U.S. and foreign bank, and commercial obligations and repurchase agreements. To the extent the Fund invests in repurchase agreements, the Fund currently intends to invest only in repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. Government securities and cash. Under normal conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer or guarantor, in the opinion of BlackRock, the Fund’s investment manager, at the time of purchase, meets the Fund’s environmental criteria. This policy is a non-fundamental policy of the Fund. However, the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ prior written notice of any changes to the policy.
BlackRock will consider the following as part of the Fund’s environmental criteria:
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The Fund will invest in securities whose issuer (or guarantor, if applicable) at the time of the Fund’s investment has better than average performance in environmental practices. In evaluating performance in environmental practices, BlackRock will use data or other environmental, social, or governance risk metrics including ratings provided by independent research vendor(s) in determining whether to invest (or continue to invest) in securities issued or guaranteed by a particular entity. These independent research vendor(s) may consider one or more of the following factors: issuer or industry exposure to environmentally intensive activities, disclosures by an issuer around climate related issues and environmental matters or specific targets or plans by an issuer to manage environmental exposures. BlackRock may change an independent research vendor at any time in its discretion. BlackRock will consider factors such as emissions, energy and water intensity, waste generation, green revenues and environmental disclosure levels in evaluating the environmental performance of an issuer or guarantor.
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U.S. Government securities will be considered to have met the Fund’s environmental criteria,
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The Fund will not invest in securities issued or guaranteed by entities:
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from fossil fuels mining, exploration or refinement; or
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from thermal coal based power generation.
In determining the efficacy of an issuer’s or guarantor’s environmental practices, BlackRock may also employ a proprietary model it has developed to consider the impact of various actions of an issuer or guarantor. The model uses third party data as well as information obtained by BlackRock to assess whether particular environmental factors may be material to an issuer or guarantor and capture any momentum around these factors. The model also seeks to consider more current headline news around an issuer or guarantor. The model may employ different inputs and weigh the significance of those inputs differently than the third party data sources that are used. BlackRock will conduct, as appropriate, its environmental evaluation of issuers and guarantors relative to a specific sector or across multiple sectors.
When known at the time of purchase, Fund management may also consider an issuer’s or guarantor’s commitment to support sustainable palm oil.
In addition, the Fund may invest in mortgage- and asset-backed securities, short-term obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia, and their respective authorities, agencies, instrumentalities and political subdivisions and derivative securities such as tender option bonds, beneficial interests in municipal trust certificates and partnership trusts. The Fund may invest in “green” bonds where, in the opinion of BlackRock, the use of proceeds from the sale of these securities will be used to finance projects intended to generate an environmental benefit. For purposes of compliance with the Fund’s 80% investment policy, (1) the Fund’s investment in “green” bonds will not be deemed to qualify unless the issuer or guarantor of such bonds, in the opinion of BlackRock, at the time of purchase, meets the Fund’s environmental criteria and (2) the Fund’s investment in repurchase agreements will not be deemed to qualify except to the extent that both the repurchase agreement counterparty and the issuer (or guarantor, if applicable) of the security subject to the repurchase agreement, in the opinion of BlackRock, at the time of purchase, meet the Fund’s environmental criteria. The Fund may also invest in variable and floating rate instruments, and transact in securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis.
Under normal market conditions, at least 25% of the Fund’s total assets will be invested in obligations of issuers in the financial services industry or in obligations, such as repurchase agreements, secured by such obligations.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) have below average performance in environmental practices or whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) are not evaluated by any independent research vendor(s) currently used by the Fund, and whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) do not otherwise meet the Fund’s environmental criteria.
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Pursuant to Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act, the Fund will generally limit its purchases of any one issuer’s securities (other than U.S. Government obligations and repurchase agreements collateralized by such securities) to 5% of the Fund’s total assets, except that up to 25% of its total assets may be invested in securities of one issuer for a period of up to three business days; provided that the Fund may not invest in the securities of more than one issuer in accordance with the foregoing exception at any one time.
Additionally, a security purchased by the Fund (or the issuers of such security) will be:
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a security that has short-term ratings at the time of purchase (or which are guaranteed or in some cases otherwise supported by credit supports with such ratings) in the highest rating category by at least two unaffiliated nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”), or one NRSRO, if the security or guarantee was only rated by one NRSRO;
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a security that is issued or guaranteed by a person with such ratings;
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a security without such short-term ratings that has been determined to be of comparable quality by BlackRock;
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a security issued by other open-end investment companies that invest in the type of obligations in which the Fund may invest; or
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a security issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.
Appendix A to the Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) contains a description of the relevant rating symbols used by several NRSROs for various types of debt obligations.
During periods of unusual market conditions or during temporary defensive periods, the Fund may depart from its principal investment strategies. The Fund may hold uninvested cash reserves pending investment, during temporary defensive periods, or the Fund may invest without limit in U.S. Treasury securities. Uninvested cash reserves may not earn income. Temporary defensive investments may limit the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Other Strategies Applicable to the Fund
In addition to the principal investment strategies discussed above, the Fund may also invest or engage in the following investments/strategies:
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Borrowing — During periods of unusual market conditions, the Fund is authorized to borrow money from banks for temporary purposes in amounts up to one-third of the value of its total assets at the time of such borrowing. Such borrowings may be secured or unsecured.
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Illiquid Investments — The Fund will not invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in illiquid securities that it cannot sell in the ordinary course within seven days at approximately current value.
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Investment Company Securities — The Fund may invest in securities issued by other open-end or closed-end investment companies as permitted by the Investment Company Act. A pro rata portion of the other investment companies’ expenses may be borne by the Fund’s shareholders. These investments may include, as consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies, certain variable rate demand securities issued by closed-end funds, which invest primarily in portfolios of taxable or tax-exempt securities. It is anticipated that the payments made on the variable rate demand securities issued by closed-end municipal bond funds will be exempt from federal income tax.
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Municipal Obligations — The Fund may, when deemed appropriate by BlackRock in light of its investment objective, invest in high quality, short-term obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia, and their respective authorities, agencies, instrumentalities and political subdivisions and derivative securities, such as tender option bonds, beneficial interests in municipal trust certificates and partnership trusts (“Municipal Obligations”) issued by state and local governmental issuers which carry yields that are competitive with those of other types of money market instruments of comparable quality.
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Restricted Securities — Restricted securities are securities that cannot be offered for public resale unless registered under the applicable securities laws or that have a contractual restriction that prohibits or limits their resale. They may include Rule 144A securities, which are privately placed securities that can be resold to qualified institutional buyers but not to the general public, and securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers that are offered pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
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Reverse Repurchase Agreements — The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements. The Fund is permitted to invest up to one-third of its total assets in reverse repurchase agreements. Investments in reverse repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions (described below) will be aggregated for purposes of this investment limitation.
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Uninvested Cash Reserves — The Fund may hold up to 20% of its assets in uninvested cash reserves. Uninvested cash reserves will not earn income.
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U.S. Treasury Floating Rate Notes — The Fund may invest in U.S. Treasury Floating Rate Notes (FRNs). These are two-year notes issued by the U.S. Treasury that reset their interest rates on a weekly basis. At maturity, the face value of an FRN is paid to the note holder.
Investment Risks
Risk is inherent in all investing. You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The Fund may impose a fee upon the sale of your shares. An investment in the Fund is not a bank account and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor is not required to reimburse the Fund for losses, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time, including during periods of market stress.
The following is a description of certain risks of investing in the Fund. The order of the below risk factors does not indicate the significance of any particular risk factor.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
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Credit Risk — Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a debt security (i.e., the borrower) will be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest and principal when due or otherwise honor their obligations. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation.
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Discretionary Liquidity Fee Risk — The Board, or its delegate, has discretion to impose a liquidity fee of up to 2% upon sale of your shares if such fee is determined to be in the best interests of the Fund. Accordingly, your redemptions may be subject to a liquidity fee when you sell your shares at certain times.
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Environmental Criteria Risk — The risk that because the Fund’s environmental criteria exclude securities of certain issuers for nonfinancial reasons, the Fund may forgo some market opportunities available to funds that do not use these criteria. Consequently, the Fund may underperform funds that do not utilize an environmental strategy. BlackRock’s assessment of an issuer’s environmental criteria may change over time, which could cause the Fund to hold securities that may no longer meet BlackRock’s current environmental criteria.
In evaluating the environmental criteria for an issuer or guarantor, BlackRock is dependent upon information and data that may be incomplete, inaccurate or unavailable. Currently, environmental data often lacks standardization, consistency and in some cases transparency. There may be different methodologies used by different data sources who compile environmental ratings of issuers or guarantors. This could adversely affect the analysis of the environmental criteria relevant to a particular issuer or guarantor. If BlackRock were to solely rely on this data, the Fund may invest in issuers or guarantors who may not meet the environmental criteria for investment. Investing on the basis of environmental criteria is qualitative and subjective by nature and there can be no assurance that the process utilized by any vendors of BlackRock or any judgment exercised by BlackRock will reflect the beliefs or values of any particular investor.
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Extension Risk — When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. The value of longer-term securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, securities may exhibit additional volatility and may lose value.
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Financial Services Industry Risk — Because of its concentration in the financial services industry, the Fund will be more susceptible to any economic, business, political or other developments which generally affect this industry sector. As a result, the Fund will be exposed to a large extent to the risks associated with that industry, such as government regulation, the availability and cost of capital funds (including the availability and stability of deposits in the case of deposit-taking institutions), consolidation and general economic conditions. Financial services companies are also exposed to losses if borrowers and other counterparties experience financial problems and/or cannot repay their obligations.
When interest rates go up, the value of securities issued by many types of financial services companies generally goes down. In many countries, financial services and the companies that provide them are regulated by governmental entities, which can increase costs for new services or products and make it difficult to pass
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increased costs on to consumers. In certain areas, deregulation of financial services companies has resulted in increased competition and reduced profitability for certain companies.
The profitability of many types of financial services companies may be adversely affected in certain market cycles, including periods of rising interest rates, which may restrict the availability and increase the cost of capital, and declining economic conditions, which may cause credit losses due to financial difficulties of borrowers. Because many types of financial services companies are vulnerable to these economic cycles, a large portion of the Fund’s investments may lose value during such periods.
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Foreign Exposure Risk — Securities issued or supported by foreign entities, including foreign banks and corporations, may involve additional risks and considerations. Extensive public information about the foreign issuer may not be available, and unfavorable political, economic or governmental developments in the foreign country involved could affect the payment of principal and interest.
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Income Risk — The Fund’s yield will vary as the short-term securities in its portfolio mature and the proceeds are reinvested in securities with different interest rates.
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Interest Rate Risk — Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of a debt security may fall when interest rates rise. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will go up or down more in response to changes in interest rates than the market price of shorter-term securities. Due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. Very low or negative interest rates may magnify interest rate risk. During periods of very low or negative interest rates, the Fund may be unable to maintain positive returns or pay dividends to Fund shareholders. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates during a period of historically low interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and may detract from the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
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Market Risk and Selection Risk — Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which the Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. The value of a security or other asset may decline due to changes in general market conditions, economic trends or events that are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or other asset, or factors that affect a particular issuer or issuers, exchange, country, group of countries, region, market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class. Local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues like pandemics or epidemics, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the Fund and its investments. Selection risk is the risk that the securities selected by Fund management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. This means you may lose money.
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Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities Risks — Mortgage-backed securities (residential and commercial) and asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of mortgages or other assets, including consumer loans or receivables held in trust. Although asset-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) generally experience less prepayment than residential mortgage-backed securities, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, like traditional fixed-income securities, are subject to credit, interest rate, prepayment and extension risks.
Small movements in interest rates (both increases and decreases) may quickly and significantly reduce the value of certain mortgage-backed securities. The Fund’s investments in asset-backed securities are subject to risks similar to those associated with mortgage-related securities, as well as additional risks associated with the nature of the assets and the servicing of those assets. These securities also are subject to the risk of default on the underlying mortgages or assets, particularly during periods of economic downturn. Certain CMBS are issued in several classes with different levels of yield and credit protection. The Fund’s investments in CMBS with several classes may be in the lower classes that have greater risks than the higher classes, including greater interest rate, credit and prepayment risks.
Mortgage-backed securities may be either pass-through securities or collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”). Pass-through securities represent a right to receive principal and interest payments collected on a pool of mortgages, which are passed through to security holders. CMOs are created by dividing the principal and interest payments collected on a pool of mortgages into several revenue streams (“tranches”) with different priority rights to portions of the underlying mortgage payments. Certain CMO tranches may represent a right to receive interest only (“IOs”), principal only (“POs”) or an amount that remains after floating-rate tranches are paid (an “inverse floater”). These securities are frequently referred to as “mortgage derivatives” and may be extremely sensitive to changes in interest rates. Interest rates on inverse floaters, for example, vary inversely with a short-term floating rate (which may be reset periodically). Interest rates on inverse floaters will decrease when short-term rates increase, and will increase when short-term rates decrease. These securities have the effect of providing a degree of investment leverage. In response to changes in market interest rates or other market conditions, the value of an inverse floater
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may increase or decrease at a multiple of the increase or decrease in the value of the underlying securities. If the Fund invests in CMO tranches (including CMO tranches issued by government agencies) and interest rates move in a manner not anticipated by Fund management, it is possible that the Fund could lose all or substantially all of its investment. Certain mortgage-backed securities in which the Fund may invest may also provide a degree of investment leverage, which could cause the Fund to lose all or substantially all of its investment.
The mortgage market in the United States has experienced difficulties that may adversely affect the performance and market value of certain of the Fund’s mortgage-related investments. Delinquencies and losses on mortgage loans (including subprime and second-lien mortgage loans) and a decline in or flattening of real estate values (in each case as has been experienced and may continue to be experienced in many housing markets) may exacerbate such delinquencies and losses. Also, a number of mortgage loan originators have experienced serious financial difficulties or bankruptcy. Reduced investor demand for mortgage loans and mortgage-related securities and increased investor yield requirements have caused limited liquidity in the secondary market for mortgage-related securities, which can adversely affect the market value of mortgage-related securities. It is possible that such limited liquidity in such secondary markets could continue or worsen.
Asset-backed securities entail certain risks not presented by mortgage-backed securities, including the risk that in certain states it may be difficult to perfect the liens securing the collateral backing certain asset-backed securities. In addition, certain asset-backed securities are based on loans that are unsecured, which means that there is no collateral to seize if the underlying borrower defaults.
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Operational and Technology Risks — The Fund and the entities with which it interacts directly or indirectly are susceptible to operational and technology risks, including those related to human errors, processing errors, communication errors, systems failures, cybersecurity incidents, and the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning (“AI”), which may result in losses for the Fund and its shareholders or impair the Fund’s operations. These entities include, but are not limited to, the Fund’s adviser, administrator, distributor, other service providers (e.g., index and benchmark providers, accountants, custodians, and transfer agents), financial intermediaries, counterparties, market makers, authorized participants, listing exchanges, other financial market operators, and governmental authorities. Operational and technology risks for the issuers in which the Fund invests could also result in material adverse consequences for such issuers and may cause the Fund’s investments in such issuers to lose value. The Fund may incur substantial costs in order to mitigate operational and technology risks.
Cybersecurity incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events against an issuer in which the Fund invests, the Fund or any of its service providers. They include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to systems, misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting or destroying data, and causing operational disruption. Geopolitical tension may increase the scale and sophistication of deliberate attacks, particularly those from nation states or from entities with nation state backing. Cybersecurity incidents may result in any of the following: financial losses; interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV; disclosure of confidential information; impediments to trading; submission of erroneous trades by the Fund or erroneous subscription or redemption orders; the inability of the Fund or its service providers to transact business; violations of applicable privacy and other laws; regulatory fines; penalties; reputational damage; reimbursement or other compensation costs; and other legal and compliance expenses. Furthermore, cybersecurity incidents may render records of the Fund, including records relating to its assets and transactions, shareholder ownership of Fund shares, and other data integral to the Fund’s functioning, inaccessible, inaccurate or incomplete. Power outages, natural disasters, equipment malfunctions and processing errors that threaten information and technology systems relied upon by the Fund or its service providers, as well as market events that occur at a pace that overloads these systems, may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data. In addition, the risks of increased use of AI technologies, such as machine learning, include data risk, transparency risk, and operational risk. The AI technologies, which are generally highly reliant on the collection and analysis of large amounts of data, may incorporate biased or inaccurate data, and it is not possible or practicable to incorporate all relevant data into such technologies. The output or results of any such AI technologies may therefore be incomplete, erroneous, distorted or misleading. Further, AI tools may lack transparency as to how data is utilized and how outputs are generated. AI technologies may also allow the unintended introduction of vulnerabilities into infrastructures and applications. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result of these risks associated with AI technologies. AI technologies and their current and potential future applications, and the regulatory frameworks within which they operate, continue to quickly evolve, and it is impossible to anticipate the full scope of future AI capabilities or rules and the associated risks to the Fund.
While the Fund’s service providers are required to have appropriate operational, information security and cybersecurity risk management policies and procedures, their methods of risk management may differ from those of the Fund in the setting of priorities, the personnel and resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. The Fund and its adviser seek to reduce these risks through controls, procedures and oversight, including establishing business continuity plans and risk management systems. However, there are inherent limitations in
14
such plans and systems, including the possibility that certain risks that may affect the Fund have not been identified or may emerge in the future; that such plans and systems may not completely eliminate the occurrence or mitigate the effects of operational or information security disruptions or failures or of cybersecurity incidents; or that prevention and remediation efforts will not be successful or that incidents will go undetected. The Fund cannot control the systems, information security or other cybersecurity of the issuers in which it invests or its service providers, counterparties, and other third parties whose activities affect the Fund.
Lastly, the regulatory climate governing cybersecurity and data protection is developing quickly and may vary considerably across jurisdictions. Regulators continue to develop new rules and standards related to cybersecurity and data protection. Compliance with evolving regulations can be demanding and costly, requiring substantial resources to monitor and implement required changes.
◼
Prepayment Risk — When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated, and the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. In periods of falling interest rates, the rate of prepayments tends to increase (as does price fluctuation) as borrowers are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower rates. During such periods, reinvestment of the prepayment proceeds by the management team will generally be at lower rates of return than the return on the assets that were prepaid. Prepayment reduces the yield to maturity and the average life of the security.
◼
Repurchase Agreements and Purchase and Sale Contracts Risk — If the other party to a repurchase agreement or purchase and sale contract defaults on its obligation under the agreement, the Fund may suffer delays and incur costs or lose money in exercising its rights under the agreement. If the seller fails to repurchase the security in either situation and the market value of the security declines, the Fund may lose money.
◼
Risk of Investing in the United States — A decrease in imports or exports, changes in trade regulations, inflation and/or an economic recession in the United States may have a material adverse effect on the U.S. economy and the securities listed on U.S. exchanges. Proposed and adopted policy and legislative changes in the United States are changing many aspects of financial, commercial, public health, environmental, and other regulation and may have a significant effect on U.S. markets generally, as well as on the value of certain securities. Governmental agencies project that the United States will continue to maintain elevated public debt levels for the foreseeable future. Although elevated debt levels do not necessarily indicate or cause economic problems, elevated public debt service costs may constrain future economic growth.
The United States has developed increasingly strained relations with a number of foreign countries. If relations with certain countries deteriorate, it could adversely affect U.S. issuers as well as non-U.S. issuers that rely on the United States for trade. The United States has also experienced increased internal political discord, as well as significant challenges in managing and containing the outbreak of COVID-19. If these trends were to continue, it may have an adverse impact on the U.S. economy and the issuers in which the Fund invests.
◼
Stable Net Asset Value Risk — The Fund may not be able to maintain a stable NAV of $1.00 per share at all times. If the Fund fails to maintain a stable NAV (or if there is a perceived threat of such a failure), the Fund, along with other money market funds, could be subject to increased redemption activity.
◼
Treasury Obligations Risk — Direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury have historically involved little risk of loss of principal if held to maturity. However, due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. In addition, notwithstanding that U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
◼
U.S. Government Obligations Risk — Not all U.S. Government securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Obligations of certain agencies, authorities, instrumentalities and sponsored enterprises of the U.S. Government are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States (e.g., the Government National Mortgage Association); other obligations are backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury (e.g., the Federal Home Loan Banks) and others are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase an agency’s obligations. Still others are backed only by the credit of the agency, authority, instrumentality or sponsored enterprise issuing the obligation. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government would provide financial support to any of these entities if it is not obligated to do so by law. In addition, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal on U.S. Government obligations, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
◼
Variable and Floating Rate Instrument Risk — Variable and floating rate securities provide for periodic adjustment in the interest rate paid on the securities. Securities with floating or variable interest rates can be less sensitive to
15
interest rate changes than securities with fixed interest rates, but may decline in value if their coupon rates do not reset as high, or as quickly, as comparable market interest rates, and generally carry lower yields than fixed securities of the same maturity. These securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. A decline in interest rates may result in a reduction in income received from variable and floating rate securities held by the Fund and may adversely affect the value of the Fund’s shares. Benchmark interest rates may not accurately track market interest rates. Although floating rate securities are less sensitive to interest rate risk than fixed-rate securities, they are subject to credit risk and default risk, which could impair their value.
◼
When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments Risk — When-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments involve the risk that the security the Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party to the transaction will not meet its obligation. If this occurs, the Fund may lose both the investment opportunity for the assets it set aside to pay for the security and any gain in the security’s price.
Other Risks of Investing in the Fund
The Fund may also be subject to certain other non-principal risks associated with its investments and investment strategies, including:
◼
Borrowing Risk — Borrowing may exaggerate changes in the NAV of Fund shares and in the return on the Fund’s portfolio. Borrowing will cost the Fund interest expense and other fees. The costs of borrowing may reduce the Fund’s return. Borrowing may cause the Fund to liquidate positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations.
◼
Expense Risk — Fund expenses are subject to a variety of factors, including fluctuations in the Fund’s net assets. Accordingly, actual expenses may be greater or less than those indicated. For example, to the extent that the Fund’s net assets decrease due to market declines or redemptions, the Fund’s expenses will increase as a percentage of Fund net assets. During periods of high market volatility, these increases in the Fund’s expense ratio could be significant.
◼
Illiquid Investments Risk — The Fund’s illiquid investments may reduce the returns of the Fund because it may be difficult to sell the illiquid investments at an advantageous time or price. The Fund may be unable to pay redemption proceeds within the time period stated in this prospectus because of unusual market conditions, an unusually high volume of redemption requests, or other reasons.
◼
Investment in Other Investment Companies Risk — As with other investments, investments in other investment companies, including exchange-traded funds, are subject to market and selection risk. In addition, if the Fund acquires shares of investment companies, including ones affiliated with the Fund, shareholders bear both their proportionate share of expenses in the Fund (including management and advisory fees) and, indirectly, the expenses of the investment companies (to the extent not offset by BlackRock through waivers). To the extent the Fund is held by an affiliated fund, the ability of the Fund itself to hold other investment companies may be limited.
◼
Large Shareholder and Large-Scale Redemption Risk — Certain shareholders, including a third-party investor, the Fund’s adviser or an affiliate of the Fund’s adviser, or another entity, may from time to time own or manage a substantial amount of Fund shares or may invest in the Fund and hold its investment for a limited period of time. There can be no assurance that any large shareholder or large group of shareholders would not redeem their investment or that the size of the Fund would be maintained. Redemptions of a large number of Fund shares by these shareholders may adversely affect the Fund’s liquidity and net assets. These redemptions may force the Fund to sell portfolio securities to meet redemption requests when it might not otherwise do so, which may negatively impact the Fund. In addition, large redemptions can result in the Fund’s current expenses being allocated over a smaller asset base, which generally could result in an increase in the Fund’s expense ratio.
◼
Municipal Securities Risks — Municipal securities risks include the ability of the issuer to repay the obligation, the relative lack of information about certain issuers of municipal securities, and the possibility of future legislative changes which could affect the market for and value of municipal securities. Budgetary constraints of local, state, and federal governments upon which the issuers may be relying for funding may also impact municipal securities. These risks include:
General Obligation Bonds Risks — The full faith, credit and taxing power of the municipality that issues a general obligation bond secures payment of interest and repayment of principal. Timely payments depend on the issuer’s credit quality, ability to raise tax revenues and ability to maintain an adequate tax base.
Revenue Bonds Risks — Payments of interest and principal on revenue bonds are made only from the revenues generated by a particular facility, class of facilities or the proceeds of a special tax or other revenue source. These payments depend on the money earned by the particular facility or class of facilities, or the amount of revenues derived from another source.
16
Private Activity Bonds Risks — Municipalities and other public authorities issue private activity bonds to finance development of industrial facilities for use by a private enterprise. The private enterprise pays the principal and interest on the bond, and the issuer does not pledge its full faith, credit and taxing power for repayment. If the private enterprise defaults on its payments, the Fund may not receive any income or get its money back from the investment.
Moral Obligation Bonds Risks — Moral obligation bonds are generally issued by special purpose public authorities of a state or municipality. If the issuer is unable to meet its obligations, repayment of these bonds becomes a moral commitment, but not a legal obligation, of the state or municipality.
Municipal Notes Risks — Municipal notes are shorter term municipal debt obligations. They may provide interim financing in anticipation of, and are secured by, tax collection, bond sales or revenue receipts. If there is a shortfall in the anticipated proceeds, the notes may not be fully repaid and the Fund may lose money.
Municipal Lease Obligations Risks — In a municipal lease obligation, the issuer agrees to make payments when due on the lease obligation. The issuer will generally appropriate municipal funds for that purpose, but is not obligated to do so. Although the issuer does not pledge its unlimited taxing power for payment of the lease obligation, the lease obligation is secured by the leased property. However, if the issuer does not fulfill its payment obligation it may be difficult to sell the property and the proceeds of a sale may not cover the Fund’s loss.
Tax-Exempt Status Risk — In making investments, the Fund and its investment manager will rely on the opinion of issuers’ bond counsel and, in the case of derivative securities, sponsors’ counsel, on the tax-exempt status of interest on municipal obligations and payments under tax-exempt derivative securities. Neither the Fund nor its investment manager will independently review the bases for those tax opinions. If any of those tax opinions are ultimately determined to be incorrect or if events occur after the security is acquired that impact the security’s tax-exempt status, the Fund and its shareholders could be subject to substantial tax liabilities. The Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) has generally not ruled on the taxability of the securities. An assertion by the IRS that a portfolio security is not exempt from U.S. federal income tax (contrary to indications from the issuer) could affect the Fund’s and its shareholders’ income tax liability for the current or past years and could create liability for information reporting penalties. In addition, an IRS assertion of taxability may impair the liquidity and the fair market value of the securities.
◼
Ownership Limitations Risk — If certain aggregate and/or fund-level ownership thresholds are reached through transactions undertaken by BlackRock, its affiliates or the Fund, or as a result of third-party transactions or actions by an issuer or regulator, the ability of BlackRock and its affiliates on behalf of clients (including the Fund) to purchase or dispose of investments, exercise rights or undertake business transactions may be restricted by law, regulation or rule or otherwise impaired. The capacity of the Fund to invest in certain securities or other assets may be affected by the relevant threshold limits, and such limitations may have adverse effects on the liquidity and performance of the Fund’s portfolio holdings.
For example, ownership limits may apply to securities whose issuers operate in certain regulated industries or in certain international markets. Such limits also may apply where the investing entity (such as the Fund) is subject to corporate or regulatory ownership restrictions or invests in certain futures or other derivative transactions. In certain circumstances, aggregate and/or fund-level amounts invested or voted by BlackRock and its affiliates for client funds and accounts managed by BlackRock (including the Fund) may not exceed the relevant limits without the grant of a license or other regulatory or corporate approval, order, consent, relief or non-disapproval. However, there is no guarantee that permission will be granted, or that, once granted, it will not be modified or revoked at a later date with minimal or no notice. In other cases, exceeding such thresholds may cause BlackRock and its affiliates, the Fund or other client accounts to suffer disadvantages or business restrictions.
Ownership limitations are highly complex. It is possible that, despite BlackRock’s intent to either comply with or be granted permission to exceed ownership limitations, it may inadvertently breach a limit or violate the corporate or regulatory approval, order, consent, relief or non-disapproval that was obtained.
◼
Reliance on Advisor Risk — The Fund is dependent upon services and resources provided by BlackRock, and therefore BlackRock’s parent, BlackRock, Inc. BlackRock is not required to devote its full time to the business of the Fund and there is no guarantee or requirement that any investment professional or other employee of BlackRock will allocate a substantial portion of his or her time to the Fund. The loss of, or changes in, BlackRock’s personnel could have a negative effect on the performance or the continued operation of the Fund.
◼
Restricted Securities Risk — Limitations on the resale of restricted securities may have an adverse effect on their marketability, and may prevent the Fund from disposing of them promptly at advantageous prices. Restricted securities may not be listed on an exchange and may have no active trading market. In order to sell such securities, the Fund may have to bear the expense of registering the securities for resale and the risk of substantial delays in effecting the registration. Other transaction costs may be higher for restricted securities than unrestricted
17
securities. Restricted securities may be difficult to value because market quotations may not be readily available, and the securities may have significant volatility. Also, the Fund may get only limited information about the issuer of a given restricted security, and therefore may be less able to predict a loss. Certain restricted securities may involve a high degree of business and financial risk and may result in substantial losses to the Fund.
◼
Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk — Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held by the Fund with an agreement to repurchase the securities at an agreed-upon price, date and interest payment. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the other party may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The Fund could lose money if it is unable to recover the securities and the value of the collateral held by the Fund, including the value of the investments made with cash collateral, is less than the value of the securities. These events could also trigger adverse tax consequences for the Fund. In addition, reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the interest income earned in the investment of the proceeds will be less than the interest expense.
18
Account Information
How to Choose the Share Class that Best Suits Your Needs
The Fund currently offers multiple share classes (Service Shares in this prospectus), each with its own sales charge and expense structure, allowing you to invest in the way that best suits your needs. Each share class represents an ownership interest in the same investment portfolio of the Fund. When you choose your class of shares, you should consider the size of your investment and how long you plan to hold your shares. Either your financial professional or your selected securities dealer, broker, investment adviser, service provider or industry professional (including BlackRock and its affiliates) (each, a “Financial Intermediary”) can help you determine which share class is best suited to your personal financial goals.
The Fund’s shares are distributed by BlackRock Investments, LLC (the “Distributor”), an affiliate of BlackRock.
The table below summarizes key features of the Service Share class of the Fund.
Service Shares at a Glance 
 
 
Availability
Limited to certain investors whose beneficial owner is a natural person, including:
Financial Intermediaries (such as banks and brokerage firms) acting on behalf of their
customers, certain persons who were shareholders of the Compass Capital Group of
Funds at the time of its combination with The PNC® Fund in 1996 and investors that
participate in the Capital DirectionsSM asset allocation program. Service Shares will
normally be held by Financial Intermediaries or in the name of nominees of Financial
Intermediaries on behalf of their customers. Service Shares are normally purchased
through a customer’s account at a Financial Intermediary through procedures
established by such Financial Intermediary. In these cases, confirmation of share
purchases and redemptions will be sent to the Financial Intermediaries. A customer’s
ownership of shares will be recorded by the Financial Intermediary and reflected in the
account statements provided by such Financial Intermediaries to their customers.
Investors wishing to purchase Service Shares should contact their Financial
Intermediaries.
Minimum Investment
$5,000. However, Financial Intermediaries may set a higher minimum for their
customers.
Initial Sales Charge?
No. Entire purchase price is invested in shares of the Fund.
Deferred Sales Charge?
No.
Service and Distribution Fees?
No Distribution Fee. 0.25% Annual Service Fee.
Redemption Fees?
The Fund may impose a discretionary liquidity fee up to 2% when it is in the best
interests of the Fund. See “Discretionary Liquidity Fees” below.
Advantage
No up-front sales charge so you start off owning more shares.
Disadvantage
Limited availability.
 
Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Payments
Plan Payments
The Fund has adopted a plan (the “Plan”) with respect to Service Shares that allows the Fund to pay distribution and service fees for the sale of its shares and shareholder servicing fees for certain services provided to its shareholders. The Fund does not make distribution payments under the Plan with respect to Service Shares.
The shareholder servicing fees payable pursuant to the Plan are paid to compensate Financial Intermediaries for providing support services to their customers who own Service Shares, including responding to customer questions on the services performed by the Financial Intermediary and investments in Service Shares, assisting customers in choosing and changing dividend options, account designations and addresses and providing other similar shareholder liaison services. Because the fees paid by the Fund under the Plan are paid out of the Fund’s assets on an ongoing
19
basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment in the Service Shares of the Fund and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges.
Other Payments by the Fund
In addition to fees that the Fund may pay to a Financial Intermediary pursuant to the Plan and fees the Fund pays to its transfer agent, BlackRock, on behalf of the Fund, may enter into non-Plan agreements with affiliated and unaffiliated Financial Intermediaries pursuant to which the Fund will pay a Financial Intermediary for administrative, networking, recordkeeping, sub-transfer agency, sub-accounting and/or shareholder services. These non-Plan payments are generally based on either (1) a percentage of the average daily net assets of Fund shareholders serviced by a Financial Intermediary or (2) a fixed dollar amount for each account serviced by a Financial Intermediary. The aggregate amount of these payments may be substantial.
Other Payments by BlackRock
From time to time, BlackRock, the Distributor or their affiliates also may pay a portion of the fees for administrative, networking, recordkeeping, sub-transfer agency, sub-accounting and shareholder services described above at its or their own expense and out of its or their profits. BlackRock, the Distributor and their affiliates may also compensate affiliated and unaffiliated Financial Intermediaries for the sale and distribution of shares of the Fund. These payments would be in addition to the Fund payments described in this prospectus and may be a fixed dollar amount, may be based on the number of customer accounts maintained by the Financial Intermediary, may be based on a percentage of the value of shares sold to, or held by, customers of the Financial Intermediary or may be calculated on another basis. The aggregate amount of these payments by BlackRock, the Distributor and their affiliates may be substantial and, in some circumstances, may create an incentive for a Financial Intermediary, its employees or associated persons to recommend or sell shares of the Fund to you.
Please contact your Financial Intermediary for details about payments it may receive from the Fund or from BlackRock, the Distributor or their affiliates. For more information, see the Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”).
How to Buy, Sell and Transfer Shares
The chart on the following pages summarizes how to buy, sell and transfer shares through your Financial Intermediary. You may also buy, sell and transfer shares through BlackRock if your account is held directly with BlackRock. To learn more about buying, selling and transferring shares through BlackRock, call (800) 537-4942. Because the selection of a mutual fund involves many considerations, your Financial Intermediary may help you with this decision.
With certain limited exceptions, the Fund is generally available only to investors residing in the United States and may not be distributed by a foreign Financial Intermediary. Under this policy, in order to accept new accounts or additional investments into existing accounts, the Fund generally requires that (i) a shareholder that is a natural person be a U.S. citizen or resident alien, in each case residing within the United States or a U.S. territory (including APO/FPO/DPO addresses), and have a valid U.S. taxpayer identification number, and (ii) a Financial Intermediary or a shareholder that is an entity be domiciled in the United States and have a valid U.S. taxpayer identification number or be domiciled in a U.S. territory and have a valid U.S. taxpayer identification number or IRS Form W-8. Any existing account that is updated to reflect a non-U.S. address will also be restricted from making additional investments.
The Fund may reject any purchase order, modify or waive the minimum initial or subsequent investment requirements for any shareholders and suspend and resume the sale of any share class of the Fund at any time for any reason. In addition, the Fund may waive certain requirements regarding the purchase, sale or transfer of shares described below and on the following pages.
The Fund is a retail money market fund and is intended only for sale to beneficial owners who are natural persons. Natural persons may invest in the Fund through certain tax-advantaged savings accounts, trusts and other retirement and investment accounts, which may include, among others: participant-directed defined contribution plans; individual retirement accounts; simplified employee pension arrangements; simple retirement accounts; custodial accounts; deferred compensation plans for government or tax-exempt organization employees; Archer medical savings accounts; college savings plans; health savings account plans; ordinary trusts and estates of natural persons; or certain other retirement and investment accounts with ultimate investment authority held by the natural person beneficial owner, notwithstanding having an institutional decision maker making day to day decisions (e.g., a plan sponsor in certain retirement arrangements or an investment adviser managing discretionary investment accounts). Financial Intermediaries are required to adopt and implement policies, procedures and internal controls reasonably designed to limit all beneficial owners of the Fund to natural persons. Financial Intermediaries are expected to promptly report to the Fund the existence of any shareholder of the Fund that does not qualify as a natural person of whom they are aware, promptly notify such shareholder, and take steps to redeem any such shareholder’s Fund shares.
20
The Fund reserves the right to redeem shares in any account that it cannot confirm to its satisfaction is beneficially owned by a natural person, after providing at least 60 days’ advance notice.
Under certain circumstances, if no activity occurs in an account within a time period specified by state law, a shareholder’s shares in the Fund may be transferred to that state.
Persons who were shareholders of an investment portfolio of the Compass Capital Group of Funds in 1996 at the time the portfolio combined with The PNC® Fund may purchase and redeem Service Shares of the same fund and for the same account in which they held shares on that date through the procedures described in this section.
How to Buy Shares 
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Initial Purchase
Determine the amount of your
investment
Refer to the minimum initial investment in the “Service Shares at a
Glance” table of this prospectus.
 
Have your Financial Intermediary
submit your purchase order
Purchase orders received by the Fund’s transfer agent, BNY Mellon
Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (the “Transfer Agent”), before 4:00 p.m.
(Eastern time) on each business day will be priced based on the next
NAV calculated on that day, and if you send your payment by Federal
funds or other immediately available funds no later than the close of
the federal funds wire (normally 6:45 p.m. (Eastern time)) you will
receive that day’s dividends. Certain Financial Intermediaries, however,
may require submission of orders prior to that time. Purchase orders
placed after 3:55 p.m. (Eastern time) will not be transmitted by the
Fund’s internet-based order entry program. Account holders may
transmit their trades during the next time window when internet-based
trading resumes. The Fund also reserves the right to limit the amount
of such orders or to reject an order for any reason.
NAV is calculated separately for each class of shares of the Fund as of
the close of business on the New York Stock Exchange (“Exchange”),
generally 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time), each business day. Shares will be
priced on days that both the Exchange and the Federal Reserve Bank of
Philadelphia are open (each such day, a “business day”). The Fund may
elect, in its discretion if it is determined to be in shareholders’ best
interest, to be open on days when the Exchange is closed due to an
emergency. Both the Exchange and the Federal Reserve Bank of
Philadelphia are closed on New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day,
Presidents’ Day, Memorial Day, Juneteenth, Independence Day, Labor
Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Currently the only scheduled
days on which the Exchange is open and the Federal Reserve Bank of
Philadelphia is closed are Columbus Day and Veterans’ Day. The only
scheduled day on which the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia is
open and the Exchange is closed is Good Friday.
Purchase orders placed after 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) will be priced at
the NAV determined on the next business day.
A broker-dealer or financial institution maintaining the account in which
you hold shares may charge a separate account, service or transaction
fee on the purchase or sale of Fund shares that would be in addition to
the fees and expenses shown in the Fund’s “Fees and Expenses”
table.
The Fund may reject any order to buy shares and may suspend the sale
of shares at any time. Certain Financial Intermediaries may charge a
processing fee to confirm a purchase.
Add to Your
Investment
Purchase additional shares
There is no minimum amount for additional investments.
 
Have your Financial Intermediary
submit your purchase order for
additional shares
To purchase additional shares you may contact your Financial
Intermediary.
 
Or contact BlackRock (for
accounts held directly with
BlackRock)
Purchase by Telephone: Call the Fund at (800) 537-4942 and speak
with one of our representatives. The Fund has the right to reject any
telephone request for any reason.
Purchase by Internet: You may purchase your shares and view activity
in your account by logging onto the BlackRock website at
21
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Add to Your
Investment
(continued)
Or contact BlackRock (for
accounts held directly with
BlackRock) (continued)
www.blackrock.com. Purchases made on the Internet using the
Automated Clearing House Network (“ACH”) will have a trade date that
is the day after the purchase is made. Certain clients’ purchase orders
of Service Shares placed prior to the close of business on the
Exchange will be priced at the NAV determined that day. Purchase
orders placed after 3:55 p.m. (Eastern time) will not be transmitted by
the Fund’s internet-based order entry program. Account holders may
transmit their trades during the next time window when internet-based
trading resumes. The Fund also reserves the right to limit the amount
of such orders or to reject an order for any reason. Contact your
Financial Intermediary or BlackRock for further information. Limits on
amounts that may be purchased via Internet may vary. For additional
information, call BlackRock at (800) 537-4942.
Please also read the Fund’s internet-based Access Request Form and
the Terms and Conditions before attempting to transact online.
 
Acquire additional shares by
reinvesting dividends and capital
gains
All dividends and capital gains distributions are automatically
reinvested without a sales charge. To make any changes to your
dividend and/or capital gains distributions options, please call
BlackRock at (800) 537-4942, or contact your Financial Intermediary
(if your account is not held directly with BlackRock).
How to Pay for
Shares
Making payment for purchases
Payment for Service Shares must normally be made in Federal funds or
other immediately available funds by your Financial Intermediary, but in
no event later than the close of the federal funds wire (normally
6:45 p.m. (Eastern time)). Payment may also, at the discretion of the
Fund, be made in the form of securities that are permissible
investments for the Fund. If payment is not received by this time, the
order will be canceled and you and your Financial Intermediary will be
responsible for any loss to the Fund.
 
How to Sell Shares 
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Full or Partial
Redemption of
Shares
Have your Financial Intermediary
submit your sales order
You can make redemption requests through your Financial Intermediary
in accordance with the procedures applicable to your accounts. These
procedures may vary according to the type of account and the Financial
Intermediary involved and customers should consult their Financial
Intermediary in this regard. Financial Intermediaries are responsible for
transmitting redemption orders and crediting their customers’
accounts with redemption proceeds on a timely basis.
Information relating to such redemption services and charges to
process a redemption of shares, if any, should be obtained by
customers from their Financial Intermediaries. Financial Intermediaries
may place redemption orders by telephoning (800) 537-4942. The price
of your shares is based on the next calculation of the Fund’s NAV after
your order is placed. For your redemption request to be priced at the
NAV on the day of your request, you must submit your request to your
Financial Intermediary prior to that day’s close of business on the
Exchange (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time). Certain Financial
Intermediaries, however, may require submission of orders prior to that
time. Any redemption request placed after that time will be priced at the
NAV at the close of business on the next business day.
Financial Intermediaries may charge a fee to process a redemption of
shares. Shareholders should indicate which class of shares they are
redeeming.
The Fund may reject an order to sell shares under certain
circumstances. Redemption orders placed after 3:55 p.m. (Eastern
time) will not be transmitted by the Fund’s internet-based order entry
program. Account holders may transmit their trades during the next
time window when internet-based trading resumes. Shareholders
placing orders through a Financial Intermediary are responsible for
making certain that their Financial Intermediary communicates the
22
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Full or Partial
Redemption of
Shares (continued)
Have your Financial Intermediary
submit your sales order
(continued)
order to the Fund’s office no later than the stated deadline. The Fund
reserves the right to limit the amount of such orders that will be paid
on the same day.
 
Selling shares held directly with
BlackRock
Methods of Redeeming
Redeem by Telephone: Shareholders may place redemption orders by
telephoning (800) 537-4942.
The Fund, its administrators and the Distributor will employ reasonable
procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are
genuine. The Fund and its service providers will not be liable for any
loss, liability, cost or expense for acting upon telephone instructions
that are reasonably believed to be genuine in accordance with such
procedures. The Fund may refuse a telephone redemption request if it
believes it is advisable to do so.
During periods of substantial economic or market change, telephone
redemptions may be difficult to complete. Please find below alternative
redemption methods.
Redeem by Internet: You may redeem in your account, by logging onto
the BlackRock website at www.blackrock.com. Proceeds from Internet
redemptions will be sent via wire to the bank account of record.
Redemption orders placed after 3:55 p.m. (Eastern time) will not be
transmitted by the Fund’s internet-based order entry program. Account
holders may transmit their trades during the next time window when
internet-based trading resumes. The Fund reserves the right to limit the
amount of such orders that will be paid on the same day.
Redeem in Writing: Redemption requests may be sent in proper form
to BlackRock Funds, P.O. Box 534429, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15253-
4429, or for overnight delivery, Attention: 534429, 500 Ross Street
154-0520, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15262. Under certain
circumstances, a medallion signature guarantee will be required.
Payment of Redemption Proceeds
Redemption proceeds may be paid by check or, if the Fund has verified
banking information on file, by wire transfer.
Payment by Check: BlackRock will typically mail redemption proceeds
one business day following receipt of a properly completed request, but
in any event, within seven days. Shares can be redeemed by telephone
and the proceeds sent by check to the shareholder at the address on
record. Shareholders will pay $15 for redemption proceeds sent by
check via overnight mail. You are responsible for any additional charges
imposed by your bank for this service.
The Fund reserves the right to reinvest any dividend or distribution
amounts (e.g., income dividends or capital gains) which you have
elected to receive by check should your check be returned as
undeliverable or remain uncashed for more than 6 months. No interest
will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed checks. Your check
will be reinvested in your account at the NAV next calculated, on the day
of the investment. When reinvested, those amounts are subject to the
risk of loss like any fund investment. If you elect to receive distributions
in cash and a check remains undeliverable or uncashed for more than 6
months, your cash election may also be changed automatically to
reinvest and your future dividend and capital gains distributions will be
reinvested in the Fund at the NAV as of the date of payment of the
distribution.
Payment by Wire Transfer: Proceeds for redeemed shares for which a
redemption order is received before 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on a
business day are normally paid in Federal funds wired to the redeeming
shareholder on the same business day, provided that the Fund’s
custodian is also open for business. Proceeds for redemption orders
received on a day when the Fund’s custodian is closed are normally
wired in Federal funds on the next business day following redemption
on which the Fund’s custodian is open for business. The Fund reserves
the right to wire redemption proceeds within seven days after receiving
23
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Full or Partial
Redemption of
Shares (continued)
Selling shares held directly with
BlackRock (continued)
a redemption order if, in the judgment of the Fund, an earlier payment
could adversely affect the Fund.
Shares can be redeemed by Federal wire transfer to a single previously
designated bank account. No charge for wiring redemption proceeds
with respect to Service Shares is imposed by the Fund, although
Financial Intermediaries may charge their customers for redemption
services. Information relating to such redemption services and
charges, if any, should be obtained by customers from their Financial
Intermediaries. You are responsible for any additional charges imposed
by your bank for wire transfers.
The Fund is not responsible for the efficiency of the Federal wire
system or the shareholder’s firm or bank. To change the name of the
single, designated bank account to receive wire redemption proceeds, it
is necessary to send a written request to the Fund at the address on
the back cover of this prospectus.
***
If you make a redemption request before the Fund has collected
payment for the purchase of shares, the Fund may delay sending your
proceeds. This delay will usually not exceed ten days.
Under normal and stressed market conditions, the Fund typically
expects to meet redemption requests by using cash or cash
equivalents in its portfolio or by selling portfolio assets to generate
additional cash.
 
How to Transfer Your Account 
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Transfer Shares to
Another Financial
Intermediary
Transfer to a participating
Financial Intermediary
You may transfer your shares of the Fund only to another Financial
Intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor.
Certain shareholder services may not be available for the transferred
shares. All future trading of these assets must be coordinated by the
receiving firm.
If your account is held directly with BlackRock, you may call
(800) 537-4942 with any questions; otherwise please contact your
Financial Intermediary to accomplish the transfer of your Service
Shares.
 
Transfer to a non-participating
Financial Intermediary
You must either:
•Transfer your Service Shares to an account with the Fund; or
•Sell your Service Shares, paying any applicable deferred sales
charge.
If your account is held directly with BlackRock, you may call
(800) 537-4942 with any questions; otherwise please contact your
Financial Intermediary to accomplish the transfer of your Service
Shares.
 
Fund’s Rights
The Fund may:
◼
Suspend the right of redemption if trading is halted or restricted on the Exchange or under other emergency conditions described in the Investment Company Act;
◼
Postpone the date of payment upon redemption if trading is halted or restricted on the Exchange or under other emergency conditions described in the Investment Company Act or if a redemption request is made before the Fund has collected payment for the purchase of shares;
◼
Redeem shares for property other than cash as may be permitted under the Investment Company Act; and
◼
Redeem shares involuntarily in certain cases, such as when the value of a shareholder account falls below a specified level or if the Fund does not believe the account is for a natural person.
Suspension of Redemptions Upon Liquidation. If the Board, including a majority of the trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust as defined in the Investment Company Act, determines either that (1) the Fund has
24
invested, at the end of a business day, less than 10% of its total assets in weekly liquid assets, or (2) the Fund’s calculated NAV per share has deviated from $1.00 or such deviation is likely to occur; then the Board, subject to certain conditions, may, where the Board has determined to liquidate the Fund irrevocably, suspend redemptions and payment of redemption proceeds in order to facilitate the permanent liquidation of the Fund in an orderly manner. If this were to occur, it would likely result in a delay in your receipt of your redemption proceeds.
Note on Low Balance Accounts. Because of the high cost of maintaining smaller shareholder accounts, BlackRock has set a minimum balance of $500 in each Fund position you hold within your account (the “Fund Minimum”), and may redeem the shares in your account if the NAV of those shares in your account falls below $500 for any reason, including market fluctuation.
You will be notified that the value of your account is less than the Fund Minimum before the Fund makes any involuntary redemption. This notification will provide you with a 90 calendar day period to make an additional investment in order to bring the value of your account to at least $500 before the Fund makes an involuntary redemption. This involuntary redemption will not charge any deferred sales charge, and may not apply to accounts of certain employer-sponsored retirement plans (not including IRAs), qualified state tuition plan (529 Plan) accounts, and select fee-based programs at your Financial Intermediary.
Discretionary Liquidity Fees
Under Rule 2a-7, the Board, or its delegate, is permitted to impose a discretionary liquidity fee up to 2% on the value of shares redeemed, if such fee is determined to be in the best interests of the Fund.
Discretionary liquidity fees, if imposed, may be terminated at any time at the discretion of the Board, or its delegate, if the Board, or its delegate, determines that it is no longer in the best interests of the Fund.
Under certain circumstances, the Fund may pay redemptions without adding a discretionary liquidity fee to the redemption amount if the Fund can verify that the redemption order was submitted to the Fund’s authorized agent before the Board, or its delegate, imposed a discretionary liquidity fee.
The Board generally expects that a discretionary liquidity fee would be imposed, if at all, during periods of market stress.
Financial Intermediaries will be required promptly to take such actions reasonably requested by the Fund or its agent to implement, modify or remove, or to assist the Fund in implementing, modifying or removing, a discretionary liquidity fee established by the Board, or its delegate.
Announcements regarding the imposition of a discretionary liquidity fee, or the termination of a discretionary liquidity fee, will be available on the Fund’s website (www.blackrock.com/cash). In addition, the Fund may further communicate such actions through other means.
The discretionary liquidity fee will not be applied to your purchases of Fund shares.
Short-Term Trading Policy
Market timing is an investment technique involving frequent short-term trading of mutual fund shares designed to exploit market movements or inefficiencies in the way a mutual fund prices its shares. The Board has evaluated the risks of market timing activities by the Fund’s shareholders and has determined that due to (i) the Fund’s policy of seeking to maintain the Fund’s NAV per share at $1.00 each day, (ii) the nature of the Fund’s portfolio holdings, and (iii) the nature of the Fund’s shareholders, it is unlikely that (a) market timing would be attempted by the Fund’s shareholders or (b) any attempts to market time the Fund by shareholders would result in a negative impact to the Fund or its shareholders. As a result, the Board has not adopted policies and procedures to deter short-term trading in the Fund. There can be no assurances, however, that the Fund may not, on occasion, serve as a temporary or short-term investment vehicle for those who seek to market time funds offered by other investment companies.
Master/Feeder Structure
The Fund may in the future determine to become a “feeder” fund that invests all of its assets in another open-end investment company (a “master fund”) that has the same investment objective and strategies as the Fund. This structure is sometimes called a “master/feeder” structure. Investors in a feeder fund will acquire an indirect interest in the corresponding master fund. In a master/feeder structure, all investments will be made at the master level and the Fund’s investment results will correspond directly to the investment results of the underlying master in which it
25
invests. A feeder fund may withdraw from its master fund at any time and may invest all of its assets in another pooled investment vehicle or retain an investment adviser to manage its assets directly.
A master fund may accept investments from other feeder funds, and all the feeder funds of a given master fund bear the master fund’s expenses in proportion to their assets. This structure may enable the feeder funds to reduce costs through economies of scale. A larger investment portfolio may also reduce certain transaction costs to the extent that contributions to and redemptions from a master fund from different feeder funds may offset each other and produce a lower net cash flow.
However, each feeder fund can set its own transaction minimums, fund specific expenses, and other conditions. This means that one feeder fund could offer access to the same master fund on more attractive terms, or could experience better performance, than another feeder fund. In addition, large purchases or redemptions by one feeder fund could negatively affect the performance of other feeder funds that invest in the same master fund.
Whenever a master fund holds a vote of its feeder funds, a fund that is a feeder fund investing in that master fund will pass the vote through to its own shareholders. Smaller feeder funds may be harmed by the actions of larger feeder funds. For example, a larger feeder fund could have more voting power than a fund that is a feeder fund over the operations of its master fund.
26
Management of the Fund
BlackRock
BlackRock, the Fund’s investment adviser, manages the Fund’s investments and its business operations subject to the oversight of the Trust’s Board. While BlackRock is ultimately responsible for the management of the Fund, it is able to draw upon the research and expertise of its asset management affiliates for portfolio decisions and management with respect to certain portfolio securities. BlackRock is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc.
BlackRock, a registered investment adviser, was organized in 1994 to perform advisory services for investment companies. BlackRock International Limited (the “Sub-Adviser”), a registered investment adviser organized in 1995, is an affiliate of BlackRock and acts as a sub-adviser for the Fund. BlackRock and its affiliates had approximately $12.5 trillion in investment company and other portfolio assets under management as of June 30, 2025.
BlackRock serves as manager to the Fund pursuant to a management agreement (the “Management Agreement”), which provides that BlackRock is entitled to fees computed daily and payable monthly. The maximum annual management fee rate that the Fund can pay to BlackRock (as a percentage of average daily net assets) is calculated as follows: 
Average Daily Net Assets
Rate of
Management Fee
First $1 billion
0.450
%
$1 billion – $2 billion
0.400
%
$2 billion – $3 billion
0.375
%
Greater than $3 billion
0.350
%
 
BlackRock has contractually agreed to cap net expenses (excluding: (i) interest, taxes, dividends tied to short sales, brokerage commissions, and other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (ii) the Fund’s pro rata share of the fees and expenses incurred indirectly by the Fund as a result of investing in other investment companies; (iii) other expenses attributable to, and incurred as a result of, the Fund’s investments; and (iv) extraordinary expenses (including litigation expenses) not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business, if any) of Service Shares of the Fund at the levels shown below and in the Fund’s fees and expenses table in the “Fund Overview” section of this prospectus. Items (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) in the preceding sentence are referred to in this prospectus as “Dividend Expense, Interest Expense, Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses and certain other Fund expenses.” To achieve this expense cap, BlackRock has agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees or expenses if these operating expenses exceed a certain limit.
With respect to the Fund, BlackRock has contractually agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees or expenses in order to limit Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses to the amounts noted in the table below. 
 
Contractual Caps1
on Total Annual Fund
Operating Expenses2
(excluding Dividend
Expense, Interest
Expense, Acquired
Fund Fees and
Expenses and
certain other
Fund expenses)
Total Annual Fund
Operating Expenses2
after giving effect to all
applicable expense limitation
provisions (excluding Dividend
Expense, Interest Expense,
Acquired Fund Fees
and Expenses and certain
other Fund Expenses)
Service Shares
0.50
%
0.48
%
 
1
The contractual caps are in effect through June 30, 2027. The contractual agreement may be terminated with respect to the Fund upon 90 days’ notice by a majority of the non-interested trustees of the Trust or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.
2
As a percentage of average daily net assets.
27
BlackRock and the Distributor have voluntarily agreed to waive a portion of their respective fees and/or reimburse operating expenses to enable the Fund to maintain minimum levels of daily net investment income. BlackRock and the Distributor may discontinue this voluntary waiver and/or reimbursement at any time without notice.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, BlackRock received a management fee, net of management fee waivers, at the annual rate of 0.40% of the Fund’s average daily net assets.
A discussion of the basis for the Board’s approval of the Management Agreement with BlackRock and the sub-advisory agreement with the Sub Adviser is available in the Fund’s reports filed on Form N-CSR for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025.
BlackRock has entered into a sub advisory agreement with the Sub-Adviser. Under the sub-advisory agreement, BlackRock pays the Sub-Adviser for services it provides for that portion of the Fund for which it acts as sub-adviser a fee equal to a percentage of the management fee paid to BlackRock under the Management Agreement.
From time to time, a manager, analyst, or other employee of BlackRock or its affiliates may express views regarding a particular asset class, company, security, industry, or market sector. The views expressed by any such person are the views of only that individual as of the time expressed and do not necessarily represent the views of BlackRock or any other person within the BlackRock organization. Any such views are subject to change at any time based upon market or other conditions and BlackRock disclaims any responsibility to update such views. These views may not be relied on as investment advice and, because investment decisions for the Fund are based on numerous factors, may not be relied on as an indication of trading intent on behalf of the Fund.
BlackRock or its affiliates will use at least 5% of BlackRock’s net revenue from its management fee from the Fund to purchase and then retire carbon credits either directly or through a third-party organization. These purchases will be made at least annually, with BlackRock maintaining the option to increase, decrease or terminate these purchases in its sole discretion at any time.
Additionally, BlackRock may at its discretion enter into a license agreement (a “License Agreement”) with one or more charitable organizations that is tax-exempt under 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 from time to time. Pursuant to the relevant License Agreement, the charitable organization would grant BlackRock a license permitting BlackRock to use the charitable organization’s name and logo. BlackRock will pay a license fee to each such charitable organization for such use. No charitable organization will provide any investment advisory services to BlackRock or the Fund or participate in, or have any influence on, the day-to-day operations of, the Fund.
Conflicts of Interest
The investment activities of BlackRock and its affiliates (including BlackRock, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Affiliates”)), and their respective directors, officers or employees, in managing their own accounts and other accounts, may present conflicts of interest that could disadvantage the Fund and its shareholders.
BlackRock and its Affiliates are involved worldwide with a broad spectrum of financial services and asset management activities and in the ordinary course of business may engage in activities in which their interests or the interests of other clients may conflict with those of the Fund. BlackRock and its Affiliates act, or may act, as an investor, research provider, investment manager, commodity pool operator, commodity trading advisor, financier, underwriter, adviser, trader, lender, index provider, agent and/or principal. BlackRock and its Affiliates may have other direct and indirect interests in securities, currencies, commodities, derivatives and other assets in which the Fund may directly or indirectly invest.
BlackRock and its Affiliates may engage in proprietary trading and advise accounts and other funds that have investment objectives similar to those of the Fund and/or that engage in and compete for transactions in the same or similar types of securities, currencies and other assets as are held by the Fund. This may include transactions in securities issued by other open-end and closed-end investment companies, including investment companies that are affiliated with the Fund and BlackRock, to the extent permitted under the Investment Company Act. The trading activities of BlackRock and its Affiliates are carried out without reference to positions held directly or indirectly by the Fund. These activities may result in BlackRock or an Affiliate having positions in assets that are senior or junior to, or that have interests different from or adverse to, the assets held by the Fund.
The Fund may invest in securities issued by, or engage in other transactions with, entities with which an Affiliate has significant debt or equity investments or other interests. The Fund may also invest in issuances (such as debt offerings or structured notes) for which an Affiliate is compensated for providing advisory, cash management or other services. The Fund also may invest in securities of, or engage in other transactions with, entities for which an Affiliate provides or may provide research coverage or other analysis.
28
An Affiliate may have business relationships with, and receive compensation from, distributors, consultants or others who recommend the Fund or who engage in transactions with or for the Fund.
Neither BlackRock nor any Affiliate is under any obligation to share any investment opportunity, idea or strategy with the Fund. As a result, an Affiliate may compete with the Fund for appropriate investment opportunities. The results of the Fund’s investment activities, therefore, may differ from those of an Affiliate and of other accounts managed by an Affiliate. It is possible that the Fund could sustain losses during periods in which one or more Affiliates and other accounts achieve profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. The opposite result is also possible.
In addition, the Fund may enter into transactions in which BlackRock or an Affiliate or their directors, officers, employees or clients have an adverse interest. The Fund may be adversely impacted by the effects of transactions undertaken by BlackRock or an Affiliate or their directors, officers, employees or clients.
From time to time, BlackRock or its advisory clients (including other funds and accounts) may, subject to compliance with applicable law, purchase and hold shares of the Fund. The price, availability, liquidity, and (in some cases) expense ratio of the Fund may be impacted by purchases and sales of the Fund by BlackRock or its advisory clients.
The Fund’s activities may be limited because of regulatory restrictions applicable to BlackRock or an Affiliate or their policies designed to comply with such restrictions.
Under a securities lending program approved by the Board, the Fund has retained BlackRock Investment Management, LLC, an Affiliate of BlackRock, to serve as its securities lending agent to the extent that it participates in the securities lending program. For these services, the securities lending agent will receive a fee from the participating Fund based on the returns earned on the Fund’s lending activities, including the investment of the cash received as collateral for the loaned securities. In addition, one or more Affiliates may be among the entities to which the Fund may lend its portfolio securities under the securities lending program.
BlackRock and its Affiliates may benefit from a fund using a BlackRock index by creating increasing acceptance in the marketplace for such indexes. BlackRock and its Affiliates are not obligated to license an index to a fund, and no fund is under an obligation to use a BlackRock index. The terms of a fund’s index licensing agreement with BlackRock or its Affiliates may not be as favorable as the terms offered to other licensees.
The activities of BlackRock and its Affiliates and their respective directors, officers or employees, may give rise to other conflicts of interest that could disadvantage the Fund and its shareholders. BlackRock has adopted policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts of interest. Please see the SAI for further information.
Valuation of Fund Investments
A mutual fund is a pool of investors’ money that is used to purchase a portfolio of securities, which in turn is owned in common by the investors. Investors put money into a mutual fund by buying shares. If a mutual fund has a portfolio worth $5 million and has 5 million shares outstanding, the NAV per share is $1.00. When you buy Service Shares you pay the NAV per share. Although the Fund seeks to maintain an NAV of $1.00 per share, there is no guarantee it will be able to do so.
The Fund’s investments are valued based on the amortized cost method described in the SAI.
The Transfer Agent will probably receive your order from your registered representative, who takes your order. However, you can also fill out a purchase application and mail it to the Transfer Agent with your check. Please call (800) 537-4942 for a purchase application. Purchase orders received by the Transfer Agent before 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on each business day will be priced based on the next NAV calculated on that day, and if you send your payment by Federal funds or other immediately available funds no later than the close of the federal funds wire (normally 6:45 p.m. (Eastern time)) you will receive that day’s dividends.
The NAV is calculated separately for each class of shares of the Fund as of the close of business on the Exchange, generally 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time), each business day. Shares will not be priced on days the Exchange or the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia are closed. The Fund may elect, in its discretion if it is determined to be in shareholders’ best interest, to be open on days when the Exchange is closed due to an emergency.
Dividends, Distributions and Taxes
Distributions of net investment income derived by the Fund, if any, are declared daily and paid at least monthly and net realized capital gains, if any, will be distributed at least annually. Dividends will be reinvested automatically in the form of additional shares of the same class of the Fund at NAV without a sales charge, unless you instruct the Transfer
29
Agent in writing to pay them in cash. Dividends that are declared but unpaid will remain in the gross assets of the Fund and will, therefore, continue to earn income for the Fund’s shareholders. Shareholders redeeming their shares will receive all dividends declared through the date immediately preceding the date of redemption. The Fund anticipates that a significant amount of the distributions may be taxed as ordinary income, although the Fund may distribute capital gains as well. Capital gains may be taxable to you at different rates depending on how long the Fund held the assets sold.
You will pay tax on dividends from the Fund whether you receive them in cash or additional shares. If you redeem Fund shares or exchange them for shares of another fund, you generally will be treated as having sold your shares and any gain on the transaction may be subject to tax. Fund distributions derived from qualified dividend income, which consists of dividends received from U.S. corporations and qualifying foreign corporations, and from long-term capital gains are eligible for taxation at a maximum rate of 15% or 20% for individuals, depending on whether their income exceeds certain threshold amounts, which are adjusted annually for inflation.
If the Fund imposes a discretionary liquidity fee on share redemptions, the amount that would ordinarily be payable to a redeeming shareholder of the Fund will be reduced, consequently reducing the amount of gain, or increasing the amount of loss, that would otherwise be reportable for income tax purposes. The discretionary liquidity fee cannot be separately claimed as a deduction.
Any such discretionary liquidity fee will constitute an asset of the Fund and will serve to benefit non-redeeming shareholders. If the Fund receives discretionary liquidity fees, it will consider the appropriate tax treatment of such fees to the Fund at such time. However, due to a lack of guidance, the tax consequences of liquidity fees to the Fund and the shareholders is unclear and may differ from that described in this section.
If the value of assets held by the Fund declines, the Board may authorize a reduction in the number of outstanding shares in shareholders’ accounts so as to preserve a net asset value of $1.00 per share. After such a reduction, the basis of eliminated shares would be added to the basis of shareholders’ remaining Fund shares, and you could recognize a capital loss if you disposed of your shares at that time. Dividends, including dividends reinvested in additional shares of the Fund, will nonetheless be fully taxable, even if the number of shares in your account has been reduced as described above.
A 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on the net investment income (which includes, but is not limited to, interest, dividends and net gain from investments) of U.S. individuals with income exceeding $200,000, or $250,000 if married filing jointly, and of trusts and estates.
Your dividends and redemption proceeds will be subject to backup withholding tax if you have not provided a taxpayer identification number or social security number or the number you have provided is incorrect.
If you are neither a tax resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a foreign entity (other than a pass-through entity to the extent owned by U.S. persons), the Fund’s ordinary income dividends will generally be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies. However, certain distributions reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends, interest-related dividends or short-term capital gain dividends and paid to a foreign shareholder may be eligible for an exemption from U.S. withholding tax.
Separately, a 30% withholding tax is currently imposed on U.S.-source dividends, interest and other income items paid to (i) certain foreign financial institutions and investment funds, and (ii) certain other foreign entities. To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions and investment funds will generally either need to (a) collect and report to the IRS detailed information identifying their U.S. accounts and U.S. account holders, comply with due diligence procedures for identifying U.S. accounts and withhold tax on certain payments made to noncomplying foreign entities and account holders or (b) if an intergovernmental agreement is entered into and implementing legislation is adopted, comply with the agreement and legislation. Other foreign entities will generally either need to provide detailed information identifying each substantial U.S. owner or certify there are no such owners.
This section summarizes some of the consequences under current federal tax law of an investment in the Fund. It is not a substitute for individualized tax advice. Consult your tax adviser about the potential tax consequences of an investment in the Fund under all applicable tax laws.
30
Financial Highlights
The financial highlights tables are intended to help investors understand the Fund’s financial performance for the periods shown. Certain information reflects financial results for a single share of the Fund. The total returns in the tables represent the rate of return that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund, assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. The information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, whose report along with the Fund’s audited financial statements, is included in the Fund’s Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on Form N-CSR, which are available upon request and at www.blackrock.com.  
 
Service
(For a share outstanding throughout each period)
Year Ended
03/31/25
Year Ended
03/31/24
Year Ended
03/31/23
Year Ended
03/31/22
Year Ended
03/31/21
Net asset value, beginning of year
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
Net investment income
0.0459
0.0498
0.0292
0.0001
0.0009
Net realized gain (loss)
0.0002
(0.0002
)(a)
(0.0049
)
0.0001
0.0001
Net increase from investment operations
0.0461
0.0496
0.0243
0.0002
0.0010
Distributions(b)
From net investment income
(0.0461
)
(0.0496
)
(0.0243
)
(0.0002
)
(0.0009
)
From net realized gain.
—
—
—
(0.0000
)(c)
(0.0001
)
Total distributions
(0.0461
)
(0.0496
)
(0.0243
)
(0.0002
)
(0.0010
)
Net asset value, end of year
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
Total Return(d)
Based on net asset value
4.71
%
5.07
%
2.45
%
0.02
%
0.10
%
Ratios to Average Net Assets
Total expenses
0.73
%
0.76
%
0.78
%
0.78
%
0.78
%
Total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed
0.48
%
0.47
%
0.47
%
0.18
%
0.25
%
Net investment income
4.59
%
4.98
%
2.92
%
0.01
%
0.04
%
Supplemental Data
Net assets, end of year (000)
$158,920
$132,242
$71,734
$23,394
$45,926
 
(a)
The amounts reported for a share outstanding may not accord with the change in aggregate gains and losses in securities for the fiscal period due to the timing of capital share transactions in relation to the fluctuating market values of the Fund’s underlying securities.
(b)
Distributions for annual periods determined in accordance with U.S. federal income tax regulations.
(c)
Amount is greater than $(0.00005) per share.
(d)
Where applicable, assumes the reinvestment of distributions.
31
General Information
Shareholder Documents
Electronic Access to Annual and Semi-Annual Reports, Annual and Semi-Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information and Prospectuses
Electronic copies of most financial reports and prospectuses are available on BlackRock’s website. Shareholders can sign up for e-mail notifications of annual and semi-annual reports, Annual and Semi-Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information and prospectuses by enrolling in the Fund’s electronic delivery program. To enroll:
Shareholders Who Hold Accounts with Investment Advisers, Banks or Brokerages: Please contact your Financial Intermediary. Please note that not all investment advisers, banks or brokerages may offer this service.
Shareholders Who Hold Accounts Directly With BlackRock:
◼
Access the BlackRock website at http://www.blackrock.com/edelivery; and
◼
Log into your account
Delivery of Shareholder Documents
The Fund delivers only one copy of shareholder documents, including prospectuses, shareholder reports and proxy statements, to shareholders with multiple accounts at the same address. This practice is known as “householding” and is intended to eliminate duplicate mailings and reduce expenses. Mailings of your shareholder documents may be householded indefinitely unless you instruct us otherwise. If you do not want the mailing of these documents to be combined with those for other members of your household, please contact the Fund at (800) 537-4942.
Certain Fund Policies
Anti-Money Laundering Requirements
The Fund is subject to the USA PATRIOT Act (the “Patriot Act”). The Patriot Act is intended to prevent the use of the U.S. financial system in furtherance of money laundering, terrorism or other illicit activities. Pursuant to requirements under the Patriot Act, the Fund is required to obtain sufficient information from shareholders to enable it to form a reasonable belief that it knows the true identity of its shareholders. This information will be used to verify the identity of investors or, in some cases, the status of Financial Intermediaries. Such information may be verified using third-party sources. This information will be used only for compliance with the Patriot Act or other applicable laws, regulations and rules in connection with money laundering, terrorism or economic sanctions.
The Fund reserves the right to reject purchase orders from persons who have not submitted information sufficient to allow the Fund to verify their identity. The Fund also reserves the right to redeem any amounts in the Fund from persons whose identity it is unable to verify on a timely basis. It is the Fund’s policy to cooperate fully with appropriate regulators in any investigations conducted with respect to potential money laundering, terrorism or other illicit activities.
BlackRock Privacy Principles
BlackRock is committed to maintaining the privacy of its current and former fund investors and individual clients (collectively, “Clients”) and to safeguarding their non-public personal information. The following information is provided to help you understand what personal information BlackRock collects, how we protect that information and why in certain cases we share such information with select parties.
If you are located in a jurisdiction where specific laws, rules or regulations require BlackRock to provide you with additional or different privacy-related rights beyond what is set forth below, then BlackRock will comply with those specific laws, rules or regulations.
BlackRock obtains or verifies personal non-public information from and about you from different sources, including the following: (i) information we receive from you or, if applicable, your Financial Intermediary, on applications, forms or other documents; (ii) information about your transactions with us, our affiliates, or others; (iii) information we receive from a consumer reporting agency; and (iv) from visits to our website.
32
BlackRock does not sell or disclose to non-affiliated third parties any non-public personal information about its Clients, except as permitted by law, or as is necessary to respond to regulatory requests or to service Client accounts. These non-affiliated third parties are required to protect the confidentiality and security of this information and to use it only for its intended purpose.
We may share information with our affiliates to service your account or to provide you with information about other BlackRock products or services that may be of interest to you. In addition, BlackRock restricts access to non-public personal information about its Clients to those BlackRock employees with a legitimate business need for the information. BlackRock maintains physical, electronic and procedural safeguards that are designed to protect the non-public personal information of its Clients, including procedures relating to the proper storage and disposal of such information.
Statement of Additional Information
If you would like further information about the Fund, including how it invests, please see the SAI.
For a discussion of the Fund’s policies and procedures regarding the selective disclosure of its portfolio holdings, please see the SAI.
33
Glossary
This glossary contains an explanation of some of the common terms used in this prospectus. For additional information about the Fund, please see the SAI.
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses — the Fund’s pro rata share of the fees and expenses incurred indirectly by the Fund as a result of investing in other investment companies.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses — expenses that cover the costs of operating the Fund.
Daily Liquid Assets — include (i) cash; (ii) direct obligations of the U.S. Government; (iii) securities that will mature, as determined without reference to the maturity shortening provisions of Rule 2a-7 regarding interest rate readjustments, or are subject to a demand feature that is exercisable and payable within one business day; and (iv) amounts receivable and due unconditionally within one business day on pending sales of portfolio securities.
Dollar-Weighted Average Life — the dollar-weighted average maturity of the Fund’s portfolio calculated without reference to the exceptions used for variable or floating rate securities regarding the use of interest rate reset dates in lieu of the security’s actual maturity date. “Dollar-weighted” means the larger the dollar value of a debt security based on its market value in the Fund, the more weight it gets in calculating this average.
Dollar-Weighted Average Maturity — the average maturity of the Fund is the average amount of time until the organizations that issued the debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio must pay off the principal amount of the debt. “Dollar-weighted” means the larger the dollar value of a debt security based on its market value in the Fund, the more weight it gets in calculating this average. To calculate the dollar-weighted average maturity, the Fund may treat a variable or floating rate security as having a maturity equal to the time remaining to the security’s next interest rate reset date or the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand rather than the security’s actual maturity.
Distribution Fees — fees used to support the Fund’s marketing and distribution efforts, such as compensating Financial Intermediaries, advertising and promotion.
Eligible Securities — Applicable Eligible Securities include:
◼
securities with a remaining maturity of 397 calendar days or less (with certain exceptions) that BlackRock determines present minimal credit risks to the Fund after considering certain factors;
◼
securities issued by other registered investment companies that are money market funds; or
◼
securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.
Interest Expense — the cost of borrowing money to buy additional securities, primarily through reverse repurchase agreements (under which the Fund sells securities and agrees to buy them back at a particular date and price).
Management Fee — a fee paid to BlackRock for managing the Fund.
Other Expenses — includes accounting, administration, transfer agency, custody, professional and registration fees.
Service Fees — fees used to compensate Financial Intermediaries for certain shareholder servicing activities.
Weekly Liquid Assets — include (i) cash; (ii) direct obligations of the U.S. Government; (iii) U.S. Government securities issued by a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an instrumentality of the U.S. Government pursuant to authority granted by the U.S. Congress, that are issued at a discount to the principal amount to be repaid at maturity without provision for the payment of interest and have a remaining maturity of 60 days or less; (iv) securities that will mature, as determined without reference to the maturity shortening provisions of Rule 2a-7 regarding interest rate readjustments, or are subject to a demand feature that is exercisable and payable within five business days; and (v) amounts receivable and due unconditionally within five business days on pending sales of portfolio securities.
34
For More Information
Fund and Service Providers
FUND
BlackRock FundsSM
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
100 Bellevue Parkway
Wilmington, Delaware 19809
Written Correspondence:
P.O. Box 534429
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15253-4429
Overnight Mail:
Attention: 534429
500 Ross Street 154-0520
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15262
(800) 537-4942
MANAGER
BlackRock Advisors, LLC
100 Bellevue Parkway
Wilmington, Delaware 19809
SUB-ADVISER
BlackRock International Limited
Exchange Place One
1 Semple Street
Edinburgh, EH3 8BL
United Kingdom
TRANSFER AGENT
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc.
301 Bellevue Parkway
Wilmington, Delaware 19809
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Deloitte & Touche LLP
115 Federal Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
ACCOUNTING SERVICES PROVIDER
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11
New York, New York 10179
DISTRIBUTOR
BlackRock Investments, LLC
50 Hudson Yards
New York, New York 10001
CUSTODIANS
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11
New York, New York 10179
The Bank of New York Mellon
240 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10286
COUNSEL
Sidley Austin LLP
787 Seventh Avenue
New York, New York 10019
Additional Information
For more information:
This prospectus contains important information you should know before investing, including information about risks. Please read it before you invest and keep it for future reference. More information about the Fund is available at no charge upon request. This information includes:
Annual/Semi-Annual Reports and Form N-CSR
The Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports and Form N-CSR contain additional information about the Fund’s investments. The annual report describes the Fund’s performance, lists portfolio holdings, and discusses recent market conditions, economic trends and Fund investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance for the last fiscal year. In Form N-CSR, you will find the Fund’s financial statements.
Statement of Additional Information
A Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), dated July 29, 2025, has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The SAI, which includes additional information about the Fund, may be obtained free of charge, along with the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports and other information such as Fund financial statements, by calling (800) 537-4942. The SAI, as amended and/or supplemented from time to time, is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
BlackRock Investor Services
Representatives are available to discuss account balance information, mutual fund prospectuses, literature, programs and services available. Hours: 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (Eastern time), on any business day. Call: (800) 537-4942.
Purchases and Redemptions
Call your Financial Intermediary or BlackRock Investor Services at (800) 537-4942.
World Wide Web
General Fund information and specific Fund performance, including the SAI, annual/semi-annual reports and other information such as Fund financial statements, can be accessed free of charge at www.blackrock.com/prospectus/cash. Mutual fund prospectuses and literature can also be requested via this website.
Written Correspondence
BlackRock FundsSM
P.O. Box 534429
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15253-4429
Overnight Mail
BlackRock FundsSM
Attention: 534429
500 Ross Street 154-0520
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15262
Internal Wholesalers/Broker Dealer Support
Available on any business day to support investment professionals. Call: (800) 882-0052.
Portfolio Characteristics and Holdings
A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures related to disclosure of portfolio characteristics and holdings is available in the SAI.
For information about portfolio holdings and characteristics, BlackRock fund shareholders and prospective investors may call (800) 882-0052.
Securities and Exchange Commission
You may also view and copy public information about the Fund, including the SAI, by visiting the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov). Copies of this information can be obtained, for a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No one is authorized to provide you with information that is different from information contained in this prospectus.
The SEC has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT FILE # 811-05742
 
PRO-WELEAF-SVC-0725
JULY 29, 2025 
 
 
Prospectus
BlackRock FundsSM | Premier Shares
●
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
Premier Shares: BMMXX
This Prospectus contains information you should know before investing, including information about risks. Please read it before you invest and keep it for future reference.
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Not FDIC Insured ● May Lose Value ● No Bank Guarantee
Key facts and details about the Fund, including investment objective,
principal investment strategies, principal risk factors, fee and expense
information and historical performance information
 
 
3
 
3
 
3
 
4
 
7
 
7
 
7
 
8
 
8
 
Information about how the Fund invests, including investment objective,
investment processes, principal strategies and risk factors
 
 
9
 
12
 
Information about account services, sales charges and waivers,
shareholder transactions, and distribution and other payments
 
 
19
 
20
 
20
 
21
 
23
 
24
 
24
 
24
 
 
Financial Performance of the Fund
29
 
 
 
 
Glossary of Investment Terms
32
 
 
 
Fund Overview
Investment Objective
The investment objective of BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund (“WeLEAF” or the “Fund”), a series of BlackRock FundsSM (the “Trust”), is to seek as high a level of current income as is consistent with liquidity and preservation of capital while giving consideration to select environmental criteria.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell Premier Shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to your financial professional or your selected securities dealer, broker, investment adviser, service provider or industry professional (including BlackRock Advisors, LLC (“BlackRock”) and its affiliates) (each, a “Financial Intermediary”), which are not reflected in the table and example below. 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a
percentage of the value of your investment)
 
Premier Shares
Management Fee
0.40
%
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
None
Other Expenses
0.07
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
0.47
%
Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements1
(0.27
)%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements1
0.20
%
 
1
As described in the “Management of the Fund” section of the Fund’s prospectus beginning on page 25, BlackRock Advisors, LLC (“BlackRock”), the Fund’s investment manager, has contractually agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees or expenses in order to limit Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements (excluding Dividend Expense, Interest Expense, Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses and certain other Fund expenses) to 0.20% (for Premier Shares) of average daily net assets through June 30, 2027. The agreement may be terminated upon 90 days’ notice by a majority of the non-interested trustees of the Trust or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.
Example:
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 
 
1 Year
3 Years
5 Years
10 Years
Premier Shares
$20
$124
$236
$565
 
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a broad range of U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments, including government, U.S. and foreign bank, and commercial obligations and repurchase agreements. Under normal conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer or guarantor, in the opinion of BlackRock, the Fund’s investment manager, at the time of purchase, meets the Fund’s environmental criteria. This policy is a non-fundamental policy of the Fund. However, the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ prior written notice of any changes to the policy.
BlackRock will consider the following as part of the Fund’s environmental criteria:
3
◼
The Fund will invest in securities whose issuer (or guarantor, if applicable) at the time of the Fund’s investment has better than average performance in environmental practices. In evaluating performance in environmental practices, BlackRock will use data or other environmental, social, or governance risk metrics including ratings provided by independent research vendor(s) in determining whether to invest (or continue to invest) in securities issued or guaranteed by a particular entity. These independent research vendor(s) may consider one or more of the following factors: issuer or industry exposure to environmentally intensive activities, disclosures by an issuer around climate related issues and environmental matters or specific targets or plans by an issuer to manage environmental exposures. BlackRock may change an independent research vendor at any time in its discretion. BlackRock will consider factors such as emissions, energy and water intensity, waste generation, green revenues and environmental disclosure levels in evaluating the environmental performance of an issuer or guarantor.
◼
U.S. Government securities will be considered to have met the Fund’s environmental criteria
◼
The Fund will not invest in securities issued or guaranteed by entities:
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from fossil fuels mining, exploration or refinement; or
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from thermal coal based power generation.
In determining the efficacy of an issuer’s or guarantor’s environmental practices, BlackRock may also employ a proprietary model it has developed to consider the impact of various actions of an issuer or guarantor. The model uses third party data as well as information obtained by BlackRock to assess whether particular environmental factors may be material to an issuer or guarantor and capture any momentum around these factors. The model also seeks to consider more current headline news around an issuer or guarantor. The model may employ different inputs and weigh the significance of those inputs differently than the third party data sources that are used. BlackRock will conduct, as appropriate, its environmental evaluation of issuers and guarantors relative to a specific sector or across multiple sectors.
In addition, the Fund may invest in mortgage- and asset-backed securities, short-term obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia, and their respective authorities, agencies, instrumentalities and political subdivisions and derivative securities such as tender option bonds, beneficial interests in municipal trust certificates and partnership trusts. The Fund may invest in “green” bonds where, in the opinion of BlackRock, the use of proceeds from the sale of these securities will be used to finance projects intended to generate an environmental benefit. The Fund may also invest in variable and floating rate instruments, and transact in securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis.
Under normal market conditions, at least 25% of the Fund’s total assets will be invested in obligations of issuers in the financial services industry or in obligations, such as repurchase agreements, secured by such obligations.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) have below average performance in environmental practices or whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) are not evaluated by any independent research vendor(s) currently used by the Fund, and whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) do not otherwise meet the Fund’s environmental criteria.
The Fund seeks to maintain a net asset value (“NAV”) of $1.00 per share.
The securities purchased by the Fund are subject to the quality, diversification, and other requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), and other rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
Risk is inherent in all investing. You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The Fund may impose a fee upon the sale of your shares. An investment in the Fund is not a bank account and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor is not required to reimburse the Fund for losses, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time, including during periods of market stress.
The following is a summary description of principal risks of investing in the Fund. The relative significance of each risk factor below may change over time and you should review each risk factor carefully.
◼
Credit Risk — Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a debt security (i.e., the borrower) will be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest and principal when due or otherwise honor their obligations.
4
Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also adversely affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer.
◼
Environmental Criteria Risk — The risk that because the Fund’s environmental criteria exclude securities of certain issuers for nonfinancial reasons, the Fund may forgo some market opportunities available to funds that do not use these criteria. Consequently, the Fund may underperform funds that do not utilize an environmental strategy. BlackRock’s assessment of an issuer’s environmental criteria may change over time, which could cause the Fund to hold securities that may no longer meet BlackRock’s current environmental criteria.
In evaluating the environmental criteria for an issuer or guarantor, BlackRock is dependent upon information and data that may be incomplete, inaccurate or unavailable. Currently, environmental data often lacks standardization, consistency and in some cases transparency. There may be different methodologies used by different data sources who compile environmental ratings of issuers or guarantors. This could adversely affect the analysis of the environmental criteria relevant to a particular issuer or guarantor. If BlackRock were to solely rely on this data, the Fund may invest in issuers or guarantors who may not meet the environmental criteria for investment. Investing on the basis of environmental criteria is qualitative and subjective by nature and there can be no assurance that the process utilized by any vendors of BlackRock or any judgment exercised by BlackRock will reflect the beliefs or values of any particular investor.
◼
Financial Services Industry Risk — Because of its concentration in the financial services industry, the Fund will be more susceptible to any economic, business, political or other developments which generally affect this industry sector. As a result, the Fund will be exposed to a large extent to the risks associated with that industry, such as government regulation, the availability and cost of capital funds (including the availability and stability of deposits in the case of deposit-taking institutions), consolidation and general economic conditions. Financial services companies are also exposed to losses if borrowers and other counterparties experience financial problems and/or cannot repay their obligations.
When interest rates go up, the value of securities issued by many types of financial services companies generally goes down. In many countries, financial services and the companies that provide them are regulated by governmental entities, which can increase costs for new services or products and make it difficult to pass increased costs on to consumers. In certain areas, deregulation of financial services companies has resulted in increased competition and reduced profitability for certain companies.
The profitability of many types of financial services companies may be adversely affected in certain market cycles, including periods of rising interest rates, which may restrict the availability and increase the cost of capital, and declining economic conditions, which may cause credit losses due to financial difficulties of borrowers. Because many types of financial services companies are vulnerable to these economic cycles, a large portion of the Fund’s investments may lose value during such periods.
◼
Discretionary Liquidity Fee Risk — The Board, or its delegate, has discretion to impose a liquidity fee of up to 2% upon sale of your shares if such fee is determined to be in the best interests of the Fund. Accordingly, your redemptions may be subject to a liquidity fee when you sell your shares at certain times.
◼
Extension Risk — When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall.
◼
Foreign Exposure Risk — Securities issued or supported by foreign entities, including foreign banks and corporations, may involve additional risks and considerations. Extensive public information about the foreign issuer may not be available, and unfavorable political, economic or governmental developments in the foreign country involved could affect the payment of principal and interest.
◼
Income Risk — Income risk is the risk that the Fund’s yield will vary as short-term securities in its portfolio mature and the proceeds are reinvested in securities with different interest rates.
◼
Interest Rate Risk — Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of a debt security may fall when interest rates rise. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will go up or down more in response to changes in interest rates than the market price of shorter-term securities. Due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. Very low or negative interest rates may magnify interest rate risk. During periods of very low or negative interest rates, the Fund may be unable to maintain positive returns or pay dividends to Fund shareholders. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates during a period of historically low interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and may detract from the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
◼
Market Risk and Selection Risk — Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which the Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. The value of a
5
security or other asset may decline due to changes in general market conditions, economic trends or events that are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or other asset, or factors that affect a particular issuer or issuers, exchange, country, group of countries, region, market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class. Local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues like pandemics or epidemics, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the Fund and its investments. Selection risk is the risk that the securities selected by Fund management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. This means you may lose money.
◼
Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities Risks — Mortgage- and asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of mortgages or other assets, including consumer loans or receivables held in trust. Mortgage- and asset-backed securities are subject to credit, interest rate, prepayment and extension risks. These securities also are subject to risk of default on the underlying mortgage or asset, particularly during periods of economic downturn. Small movements in interest rates (both increases and decreases) may quickly and significantly reduce the value of certain mortgage-backed securities.
◼
Operational and Technology Risks — The Fund is directly and indirectly susceptible to operational and technology risks, including those related to human errors, processing errors, communication errors, systems failures, cybersecurity incidents, and the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning (“AI”), which may result in losses for the Fund and its shareholders or may impair the Fund’s operations. While the Fund’s service providers are required to have appropriate operational, information security and cybersecurity risk management policies and procedures, their methods of risk management may differ from those of the Fund. Operational and technology risks for the issuers in which the Fund invests could also result in material adverse consequences for such issuers and may cause the Fund’s investments in such issuers to lose value.
◼
Prepayment Risk — When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated, and the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields.
◼
Repurchase Agreements and Purchase and Sale Contracts Risk — If the other party to a repurchase agreement or purchase and sale contract defaults on its obligation under the agreement, the Fund may suffer delays and incur costs or lose money in exercising its rights under the agreement. If the seller fails to repurchase the security in either situation and the market value of the security declines, the Fund may lose money.
◼
Risk of Investing in the United States — Certain changes in the U.S. economy, such as when the U.S. economy weakens or when its financial markets decline, may have an adverse effect on the securities to which the Fund has exposure.
◼
Stable Net Asset Value Risk — The Fund may not be able to maintain a stable NAV of $1.00 per share at all times. If the Fund fails to maintain a stable NAV (or if there is a perceived threat of such a failure), the Fund, along with other money market funds, could be subject to increased redemption activity.
◼
Treasury Obligations Risk — Direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury have historically involved little risk of loss of principal if held to maturity. However, due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. In addition, notwithstanding that U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
◼
U.S. Government Obligations Risk — Certain securities in which the Fund may invest, including securities issued by certain U.S. Government agencies and U.S. Government sponsored enterprises, are not guaranteed by the U.S. Government or supported by the full faith and credit of the United States. In addition, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal on U.S. Government obligations, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
◼
Variable and Floating Rate Instrument Risk — Variable and floating rate securities provide for periodic adjustment in the interest rate paid on the securities. Securities with floating or variable interest rates can be less sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with fixed interest rates, but may decline in value if their coupon rates do not reset as high, or as quickly, as comparable market interest rates, and generally carry lower yields than fixed securities of the same maturity. These securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. A decline in interest rates may result in a reduction in income received from variable and floating rate securities held by the Fund and may adversely affect the value of the Fund’s shares. Benchmark interest rates may not accurately track market interest rates. Although floating rate securities are less sensitive to interest rate risk than fixed-rate securities, they are subject to credit risk and default risk, which could impair their value.
6
◼
When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments Risk — When-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments involve the risk that the security the Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party to the transaction will not meet its obligation. If this occurs, the Fund may lose both the investment opportunity for the assets it set aside to pay for the security and any gain in the security’s price.
Performance Information
The information shows you how the Fund’s performance has varied year by year and provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. To the extent that dividends and distributions have been paid by the Fund, the performance information for the Fund in the chart and table assumes reinvestment of the dividends and distributions. As with all such investments, past performance is not an indication of future results. The table includes all applicable fees. If BlackRock and its affiliates had not waived or reimbursed certain Fund expenses during these periods, the Fund’s returns would have been lower. The Fund is a money market fund managed pursuant to the requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act. Effective May 11, 2020, the Fund changed its name, investment objective and investment strategies. Performance for the periods prior to May 11, 2020 shown below is based on the investment strategies utilized by the Fund at that time under the name “BlackRock Money Market Portfolio.” Updated information on the Fund’s performance can be obtained by visiting http://www.blackrock.com/cash or can be obtained by phone at (800) 882-0052.
Premier Shares
ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
As of 12/31
 
During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a quarter was 1.35% (quarter ended December 31, 2023) and the lowest return for a quarter was 0.00% (quarter ended September 30, 2021). The year-to-date return as of June 30, 2025 was 2.16%. 
For the periods ended 12/31/24
Average Annual Total Returns
1 Year
5 Years
Since Inception
(July 26, 2019)
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund — Premier Shares
Return Before Taxes
5.26
%
2.49
%
2.45
%
 
To obtain the Fund’s current 7-day yield, call (800) 441-7762 or visit the Fund’s website at www.blackrock.com/cash.
Investment Manager
The Fund’s investment manager is BlackRock Advisors, LLC (previously defined as “BlackRock”). The Fund’s sub-adviser is BlackRock International Limited (the “Sub-Adviser”). Where applicable, “BlackRock” refers also to the Sub-Adviser.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The Fund is a retail money market fund and is intended only for sale to beneficial owners who are natural persons.
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You may generally purchase or redeem shares of the Fund each day on which both the New York Stock Exchange and the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia are open.
To purchase or sell shares of the Fund you should contact your Financial Intermediary. Only purchase and redemption orders submitted by your Financial Intermediary through the NSCC Fund/SERV trading platform will be accepted.
The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases. 
 
Premier Shares
Minimum Initial Investment
There is no minimum initial investment for:
•Clients of Financial Intermediaries that: (i) charge such clients a fee for advisory,
investment consulting, or similar services or (ii) have entered into an agreement with
the Fund’s distributor to offer Premier Shares through a no-load program or investment
platform.
•Employees of BlackRock whose accounts are held through a Financial Intermediary
that has entered into an agreement with the Fund’s distributor to offer Premier Shares.
$2 million for individuals.
$1,000 for clients investing through Financial Intermediaries that offer such shares on a
platform that charges a transaction based sales commission outside of the Fund.
Minimum Additional Investment
No subsequent minimum.
 
Tax Information
The Fund’s dividends and distributions may be subject to U.S. federal income taxes and may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are a tax-exempt investor or are investing through a qualified tax-exempt plan described in section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, in which case you may be subject to U.S. federal income tax when distributions are received from such tax-deferred arrangements.
Payments to Broker/Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the Fund through a Financial Intermediary, the Fund and BlackRock Investments, LLC, the Fund’s distributor, or its affiliates may pay the Financial Intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services.
These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Financial Intermediary and your individual financial professional to recommend the Fund over another investment.
Ask your individual financial professional or visit your Financial Intermediary’s website for more information.
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Details About the Fund
Included in this prospectus are sections that tell you about buying and selling shares, management information, shareholder features of BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund (“WeLEAF” or the “Fund”), a series of BlackRock FundsSM (the “Trust”), and your rights as a shareholder.
How the Fund Invests
The Fund is a retail money market fund managed pursuant to Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).
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The Fund seeks to maintain a net asset value (“NAV”) of $1.00 per share.
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The Fund will maintain a dollar-weighted average maturity of 60 days or less and a dollar-weighted average life of 120 days or less. For a discussion of dollar-weighted average maturity and dollar-weighted average life, please see the Glossary on page 32.
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Pursuant to Rule 2a-7, the Fund is subject to a “general liquidity requirement” that requires that the Fund hold securities that are sufficiently liquid to meet reasonably foreseeable shareholder redemptions in light of its obligations under Section 22(e) of the Investment Company Act regarding share redemptions and any commitments the Fund has made to shareholders. To comply with this general liquidity requirement, BlackRock Advisors, LLC (“BlackRock”) must consider factors that could affect the Fund’s liquidity needs, including characteristics of the Fund’s investors and their likely redemptions. Depending upon the volatility of its cash flows (particularly shareholder redemptions), this may require the Fund to maintain greater liquidity than would be required by the daily and weekly minimum liquidity requirements discussed below.
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The Fund will not acquire any illiquid security (i.e., securities that cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the value ascribed to them by the Fund) if, immediately following such purchase, more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets are invested in illiquid securities.
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The Fund will not acquire any security other than a daily liquid asset unless, immediately following such purchase, at least 25% of its total assets would be invested in daily liquid assets, and the Fund will not acquire any security other than a weekly liquid asset unless, immediately following such purchase, at least 50% of its total assets would be invested in weekly liquid assets. For a discussion of daily liquid assets and weekly liquid assets, please see the Glossary on page 32.
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The Fund invests in securities maturing within 13 months or less from the date of purchase, with certain exceptions. For example, certain government securities held by the Fund may have remaining maturities exceeding 13 months if such securities provide for adjustments in their interest rates not less frequently than every 13 months.
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The securities purchased by the Fund are subject to the quality, diversification, and other requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act, and other rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Fund will only purchase securities that are Eligible Securities. When required under Rule 2a-7, BlackRock will determine whether an instrument presents minimal credit risk pursuant to guidelines approved by the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”). For a discussion of Eligible Securities, please see the Glossary.
The Board, or its delegate, may impose a discretionary liquidity fee on redemptions from the Fund (up to 2%) under certain circumstances. Please see the section below titled “Account Information — Discretionary Liquidity Fees” for additional information about discretionary liquidity fees.
Investment Objective
The investment objective of the Fund is to seek as high a level of current income as is consistent with liquidity and preservation of capital while giving consideration to select environmental criteria.
Should the Board determine that the investment objective of the Fund should be changed, shareholders will be given at least 30 days’ notice before any such change is made. However, such change can be effected without shareholder approval.
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Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a broad range of U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments, including government, U.S. and foreign bank, and commercial obligations and repurchase agreements. To the extent the Fund invests in repurchase agreements, the Fund currently intends to invest only in repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. Government securities and cash. Under normal conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer or guarantor, in the opinion of BlackRock, the Fund’s investment manager, at the time of purchase, meets the Fund’s environmental criteria. This policy is a non-fundamental policy of the Fund. However, the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ prior written notice of any changes to the policy.
BlackRock will consider the following as part of the Fund’s environmental criteria:
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The Fund will invest in securities whose issuer (or guarantor, if applicable) at the time of the Fund’s investment has better than average performance in environmental practices. In evaluating performance in environmental practices, BlackRock will use data or other environmental, social, or governance risk metrics including ratings provided by independent research vendor(s) in determining whether to invest (or continue to invest) in securities issued or guaranteed by a particular entity. These independent research vendor(s) may consider one or more of the following factors: issuer or industry exposure to environmentally intensive activities, disclosures by an issuer around climate related issues and environmental matters or specific targets or plans by an issuer to manage environmental exposures. BlackRock may change an independent research vendor at any time in its discretion. BlackRock will consider factors such as emissions, energy and water intensity, waste generation, green revenues and environmental disclosure levels in evaluating the environmental performance of an issuer or guarantor.
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U.S. Government securities will be considered to have met the Fund’s environmental criteria,
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The Fund will not invest in securities issued or guaranteed by entities:
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from fossil fuels mining, exploration or refinement; or
— that derive more than 5% of their revenue from thermal coal based power generation.
In determining the efficacy of an issuer’s or guarantor’s environmental practices, BlackRock may also employ a proprietary model it has developed to consider the impact of various actions of an issuer or guarantor. The model uses third party data as well as information obtained by BlackRock to assess whether particular environmental factors may be material to an issuer or guarantor and capture any momentum around these factors. The model also seeks to consider more current headline news around an issuer or guarantor. The model may employ different inputs and weigh the significance of those inputs differently than the third party data sources that are used. BlackRock will conduct, as appropriate, its environmental evaluation of issuers and guarantors relative to a specific sector or across multiple sectors.
When known at the time of purchase, Fund management may also consider an issuer’s or guarantor’s commitment to support sustainable palm oil.
In addition, the Fund may invest in mortgage- and asset-backed securities, short-term obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia, and their respective authorities, agencies, instrumentalities and political subdivisions and derivative securities such as tender option bonds, beneficial interests in municipal trust certificates and partnership trusts. The Fund may invest in “green” bonds where, in the opinion of BlackRock, the use of proceeds from the sale of these securities will be used to finance projects intended to generate an environmental benefit. For purposes of compliance with the Fund’s 80% investment policy, (1) the Fund’s investment in “green” bonds will not be deemed to qualify unless the issuer or guarantor of such bonds, in the opinion of BlackRock, at the time of purchase, meets the Fund’s environmental criteria and (2) the Fund’s investment in repurchase agreements will not be deemed to qualify except to the extent that both the repurchase agreement counterparty and the issuer (or guarantor, if applicable) of the security subject to the repurchase agreement, in the opinion of BlackRock, at the time of purchase, meet the Fund’s environmental criteria. The Fund may also invest in variable and floating rate instruments, and transact in securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis.
Under normal market conditions, at least 25% of the Fund’s total assets will be invested in obligations of issuers in the financial services industry or in obligations, such as repurchase agreements, secured by such obligations.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) have below average performance in environmental practices or whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) are not evaluated by any independent research vendor(s) currently used by the Fund, and whose issuer (and, if applicable, guarantor) do not otherwise meet the Fund’s environmental criteria.
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Pursuant to Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act, the Fund will generally limit its purchases of any one issuer’s securities (other than U.S. Government obligations and repurchase agreements collateralized by such securities) to 5% of the Fund’s total assets, except that up to 25% of its total assets may be invested in securities of one issuer for a period of up to three business days; provided that the Fund may not invest in the securities of more than one issuer in accordance with the foregoing exception at any one time.
Additionally, a security purchased by the Fund (or the issuers of such security) will be:
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a security that has short-term ratings at the time of purchase (or which are guaranteed or in some cases otherwise supported by credit supports with such ratings) in the highest rating category by at least two unaffiliated nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”), or one NRSRO, if the security or guarantee was only rated by one NRSRO;
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a security that is issued or guaranteed by a person with such ratings;
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a security without such short-term ratings that has been determined to be of comparable quality by BlackRock;
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a security issued by other open-end investment companies that invest in the type of obligations in which the Fund may invest; or
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a security issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.
Appendix A to the Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) contains a description of the relevant rating symbols used by several NRSROs for various types of debt obligations.
During periods of unusual market conditions or during temporary defensive periods, the Fund may depart from its principal investment strategies. The Fund may hold uninvested cash reserves pending investment, during temporary defensive periods, or the Fund may invest without limit in U.S. Treasury securities. Uninvested cash reserves may not earn income. Temporary defensive investments may limit the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Other Strategies Applicable to the Fund
In addition to the principal investment strategies discussed above, the Fund may also invest or engage in the following investments/strategies:
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Borrowing — During periods of unusual market conditions, the Fund is authorized to borrow money from banks for temporary purposes in amounts up to one-third of the value of its total assets at the time of such borrowing. Such borrowings may be secured or unsecured.
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Illiquid Investments — The Fund will not invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in illiquid securities that it cannot sell in the ordinary course within seven days at approximately current value.
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Investment Company Securities — The Fund may invest in securities issued by other open-end or closed-end investment companies as permitted by the Investment Company Act. A pro rata portion of the other investment companies’ expenses may be borne by the Fund’s shareholders. These investments may include, as consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies, certain variable rate demand securities issued by closed-end funds, which invest primarily in portfolios of taxable or tax-exempt securities. It is anticipated that the payments made on the variable rate demand securities issued by closed-end municipal bond funds will be exempt from federal income tax.
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Municipal Obligations — The Fund may, when deemed appropriate by BlackRock in light of its investment objective, invest in high quality, short-term obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia, and their respective authorities, agencies, instrumentalities and political subdivisions and derivative securities, such as tender option bonds, beneficial interests in municipal trust certificates and partnership trusts (“Municipal Obligations”) issued by state and local governmental issuers which carry yields that are competitive with those of other types of money market instruments of comparable quality.
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Restricted Securities — Restricted securities are securities that cannot be offered for public resale unless registered under the applicable securities laws or that have a contractual restriction that prohibits or limits their resale. They may include Rule 144A securities, which are privately placed securities that can be resold to qualified institutional buyers but not to the general public, and securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers that are offered pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
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Reverse Repurchase Agreements — The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements. The Fund is permitted to invest up to one-third of its total assets in reverse repurchase agreements. Investments in reverse repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions (described below) will be aggregated for purposes of this investment limitation.
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Uninvested Cash Reserves — The Fund may hold up to 20% of its assets in uninvested cash reserves. Uninvested cash reserves will not earn income.
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U.S. Treasury Floating Rate Notes — The Fund may invest in U.S. Treasury Floating Rate Notes (FRNs). These are two-year notes issued by the U.S. Treasury that reset their interest rates on a weekly basis. At maturity, the face value of an FRN is paid to the note holder.
Investment Risks
Risk is inherent in all investing. You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The Fund may impose a fee upon the sale of your shares. An investment in the Fund is not a bank account and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor is not required to reimburse the Fund for losses, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time, including during periods of market stress.
The following is a description of certain risks of investing in the Fund. The order of the below risk factors does not indicate the significance of any particular risk factor.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
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Credit Risk — Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a debt security (i.e., the borrower) will be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest and principal when due or otherwise honor their obligations. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation.
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Discretionary Liquidity Fee Risk — The Board, or its delegate, has discretion to impose a liquidity fee of up to 2% upon sale of your shares if such fee is determined to be in the best interests of the Fund. Accordingly, your redemptions may be subject to a liquidity fee when you sell your shares at certain times.
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Environmental Criteria Risk — The risk that because the Fund’s environmental criteria exclude securities of certain issuers for nonfinancial reasons, the Fund may forgo some market opportunities available to funds that do not use these criteria. Consequently, the Fund may underperform funds that do not utilize an environmental strategy. BlackRock’s assessment of an issuer’s environmental criteria may change over time, which could cause the Fund to hold securities that may no longer meet BlackRock’s current environmental criteria.
In evaluating the environmental criteria for an issuer or guarantor, BlackRock is dependent upon information and data that may be incomplete, inaccurate or unavailable. Currently, environmental data often lacks standardization, consistency and in some cases transparency. There may be different methodologies used by different data sources who compile environmental ratings of issuers or guarantors. This could adversely affect the analysis of the environmental criteria relevant to a particular issuer or guarantor. If BlackRock were to solely rely on this data, the Fund may invest in issuers or guarantors who may not meet the environmental criteria for investment. Investing on the basis of environmental criteria is qualitative and subjective by nature and there can be no assurance that the process utilized by any vendors of BlackRock or any judgment exercised by BlackRock will reflect the beliefs or values of any particular investor.
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Extension Risk — When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. The value of longer-term securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, securities may exhibit additional volatility and may lose value.
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Financial Services Industry Risk — Because of its concentration in the financial services industry, the Fund will be more susceptible to any economic, business, political or other developments which generally affect this industry sector. As a result, the Fund will be exposed to a large extent to the risks associated with that industry, such as government regulation, the availability and cost of capital funds (including the availability and stability of deposits in the case of deposit-taking institutions), consolidation and general economic conditions. Financial services companies are also exposed to losses if borrowers and other counterparties experience financial problems and/or cannot repay their obligations.
When interest rates go up, the value of securities issued by many types of financial services companies generally goes down. In many countries, financial services and the companies that provide them are regulated by governmental entities, which can increase costs for new services or products and make it difficult to pass
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increased costs on to consumers. In certain areas, deregulation of financial services companies has resulted in increased competition and reduced profitability for certain companies.
The profitability of many types of financial services companies may be adversely affected in certain market cycles, including periods of rising interest rates, which may restrict the availability and increase the cost of capital, and declining economic conditions, which may cause credit losses due to financial difficulties of borrowers. Because many types of financial services companies are vulnerable to these economic cycles, a large portion of the Fund’s investments may lose value during such periods.
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Foreign Exposure Risk — Securities issued or supported by foreign entities, including foreign banks and corporations, may involve additional risks and considerations. Extensive public information about the foreign issuer may not be available, and unfavorable political, economic or governmental developments in the foreign country involved could affect the payment of principal and interest.
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Income Risk — The Fund’s yield will vary as the short-term securities in its portfolio mature and the proceeds are reinvested in securities with different interest rates.
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Interest Rate Risk — Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of a debt security may fall when interest rates rise. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will go up or down more in response to changes in interest rates than the market price of shorter-term securities. Due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. Very low or negative interest rates may magnify interest rate risk. During periods of very low or negative interest rates, the Fund may be unable to maintain positive returns or pay dividends to Fund shareholders. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates during a period of historically low interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and may detract from the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
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Market Risk and Selection Risk — Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which the Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. The value of a security or other asset may decline due to changes in general market conditions, economic trends or events that are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or other asset, or factors that affect a particular issuer or issuers, exchange, country, group of countries, region, market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class. Local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues like pandemics or epidemics, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the Fund and its investments. Selection risk is the risk that the securities selected by Fund management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. This means you may lose money.
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Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities Risks — Mortgage-backed securities (residential and commercial) and asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of mortgages or other assets, including consumer loans or receivables held in trust. Although asset-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) generally experience less prepayment than residential mortgage-backed securities, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, like traditional fixed-income securities, are subject to credit, interest rate, prepayment and extension risks.
Small movements in interest rates (both increases and decreases) may quickly and significantly reduce the value of certain mortgage-backed securities. The Fund’s investments in asset-backed securities are subject to risks similar to those associated with mortgage-related securities, as well as additional risks associated with the nature of the assets and the servicing of those assets. These securities also are subject to the risk of default on the underlying mortgages or assets, particularly during periods of economic downturn. Certain CMBS are issued in several classes with different levels of yield and credit protection. The Fund’s investments in CMBS with several classes may be in the lower classes that have greater risks than the higher classes, including greater interest rate, credit and prepayment risks.
Mortgage-backed securities may be either pass-through securities or collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”). Pass-through securities represent a right to receive principal and interest payments collected on a pool of mortgages, which are passed through to security holders. CMOs are created by dividing the principal and interest payments collected on a pool of mortgages into several revenue streams (“tranches”) with different priority rights to portions of the underlying mortgage payments. Certain CMO tranches may represent a right to receive interest only (“IOs”), principal only (“POs”) or an amount that remains after floating-rate tranches are paid (an “inverse floater”). These securities are frequently referred to as “mortgage derivatives” and may be extremely sensitive to changes in interest rates. Interest rates on inverse floaters, for example, vary inversely with a short-term floating rate (which may be reset periodically). Interest rates on inverse floaters will decrease when short-term rates increase, and will increase when short-term rates decrease. These securities have the effect of providing a degree of investment leverage. In response to changes in market interest rates or other market conditions, the value of an inverse floater
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may increase or decrease at a multiple of the increase or decrease in the value of the underlying securities. If the Fund invests in CMO tranches (including CMO tranches issued by government agencies) and interest rates move in a manner not anticipated by Fund management, it is possible that the Fund could lose all or substantially all of its investment. Certain mortgage-backed securities in which the Fund may invest may also provide a degree of investment leverage, which could cause the Fund to lose all or substantially all of its investment.
The mortgage market in the United States has experienced difficulties that may adversely affect the performance and market value of certain of the Fund’s mortgage-related investments. Delinquencies and losses on mortgage loans (including subprime and second-lien mortgage loans) and a decline in or flattening of real estate values (in each case as has been experienced and may continue to be experienced in many housing markets) may exacerbate such delinquencies and losses. Also, a number of mortgage loan originators have experienced serious financial difficulties or bankruptcy. Reduced investor demand for mortgage loans and mortgage-related securities and increased investor yield requirements have caused limited liquidity in the secondary market for mortgage-related securities, which can adversely affect the market value of mortgage-related securities. It is possible that such limited liquidity in such secondary markets could continue or worsen.
Asset-backed securities entail certain risks not presented by mortgage-backed securities, including the risk that in certain states it may be difficult to perfect the liens securing the collateral backing certain asset-backed securities. In addition, certain asset-backed securities are based on loans that are unsecured, which means that there is no collateral to seize if the underlying borrower defaults.
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Operational and Technology Risks — The Fund and the entities with which it interacts directly or indirectly are susceptible to operational and technology risks, including those related to human errors, processing errors, communication errors, systems failures, cybersecurity incidents, and the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning (“AI”), which may result in losses for the Fund and its shareholders or impair the Fund’s operations. These entities include, but are not limited to, the Fund’s adviser, administrator, distributor, other service providers (e.g., index and benchmark providers, accountants, custodians, and transfer agents), financial intermediaries, counterparties, market makers, authorized participants, listing exchanges, other financial market operators, and governmental authorities. Operational and technology risks for the issuers in which the Fund invests could also result in material adverse consequences for such issuers and may cause the Fund’s investments in such issuers to lose value. The Fund may incur substantial costs in order to mitigate operational and technology risks.
Cybersecurity incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events against an issuer in which the Fund invests, the Fund or any of its service providers. They include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to systems, misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting or destroying data, and causing operational disruption. Geopolitical tension may increase the scale and sophistication of deliberate attacks, particularly those from nation states or from entities with nation state backing. Cybersecurity incidents may result in any of the following: financial losses; interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV; disclosure of confidential information; impediments to trading; submission of erroneous trades by the Fund or erroneous subscription or redemption orders; the inability of the Fund or its service providers to transact business; violations of applicable privacy and other laws; regulatory fines; penalties; reputational damage; reimbursement or other compensation costs; and other legal and compliance expenses. Furthermore, cybersecurity incidents may render records of the Fund, including records relating to its assets and transactions, shareholder ownership of Fund shares, and other data integral to the Fund’s functioning, inaccessible, inaccurate or incomplete. Power outages, natural disasters, equipment malfunctions and processing errors that threaten information and technology systems relied upon by the Fund or its service providers, as well as market events that occur at a pace that overloads these systems, may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data. In addition, the risks of increased use of AI technologies, such as machine learning, include data risk, transparency risk, and operational risk. The AI technologies, which are generally highly reliant on the collection and analysis of large amounts of data, may incorporate biased or inaccurate data, and it is not possible or practicable to incorporate all relevant data into such technologies. The output or results of any such AI technologies may therefore be incomplete, erroneous, distorted or misleading. Further, AI tools may lack transparency as to how data is utilized and how outputs are generated. AI technologies may also allow the unintended introduction of vulnerabilities into infrastructures and applications. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result of these risks associated with AI technologies. AI technologies and their current and potential future applications, and the regulatory frameworks within which they operate, continue to quickly evolve, and it is impossible to anticipate the full scope of future AI capabilities or rules and the associated risks to the Fund.
While the Fund’s service providers are required to have appropriate operational, information security and cybersecurity risk management policies and procedures, their methods of risk management may differ from those of the Fund in the setting of priorities, the personnel and resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. The Fund and its adviser seek to reduce these risks through controls, procedures and oversight, including establishing business continuity plans and risk management systems. However, there are inherent limitations in
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such plans and systems, including the possibility that certain risks that may affect the Fund have not been identified or may emerge in the future; that such plans and systems may not completely eliminate the occurrence or mitigate the effects of operational or information security disruptions or failures or of cybersecurity incidents; or that prevention and remediation efforts will not be successful or that incidents will go undetected. The Fund cannot control the systems, information security or other cybersecurity of the issuers in which it invests or its service providers, counterparties, and other third parties whose activities affect the Fund.
Lastly, the regulatory climate governing cybersecurity and data protection is developing quickly and may vary considerably across jurisdictions. Regulators continue to develop new rules and standards related to cybersecurity and data protection. Compliance with evolving regulations can be demanding and costly, requiring substantial resources to monitor and implement required changes.
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Prepayment Risk — When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated, and the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. In periods of falling interest rates, the rate of prepayments tends to increase (as does price fluctuation) as borrowers are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower rates. During such periods, reinvestment of the prepayment proceeds by the management team will generally be at lower rates of return than the return on the assets that were prepaid. Prepayment reduces the yield to maturity and the average life of the security.
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Repurchase Agreements and Purchase and Sale Contracts Risk — If the other party to a repurchase agreement or purchase and sale contract defaults on its obligation under the agreement, the Fund may suffer delays and incur costs or lose money in exercising its rights under the agreement. If the seller fails to repurchase the security in either situation and the market value of the security declines, the Fund may lose money.
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Risk of Investing in the United States — A decrease in imports or exports, changes in trade regulations, inflation and/or an economic recession in the United States may have a material adverse effect on the U.S. economy and the securities listed on U.S. exchanges. Proposed and adopted policy and legislative changes in the United States are changing many aspects of financial, commercial, public health, environmental, and other regulation and may have a significant effect on U.S. markets generally, as well as on the value of certain securities. Governmental agencies project that the United States will continue to maintain elevated public debt levels for the foreseeable future. Although elevated debt levels do not necessarily indicate or cause economic problems, elevated public debt service costs may constrain future economic growth.
The United States has developed increasingly strained relations with a number of foreign countries. If relations with certain countries deteriorate, it could adversely affect U.S. issuers as well as non-U.S. issuers that rely on the United States for trade. The United States has also experienced increased internal political discord, as well as significant challenges in managing and containing the outbreak of COVID-19. If these trends were to continue, it may have an adverse impact on the U.S. economy and the issuers in which the Fund invests.
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Stable Net Asset Value Risk — The Fund may not be able to maintain a stable NAV of $1.00 per share at all times. If the Fund fails to maintain a stable NAV (or if there is a perceived threat of such a failure), the Fund, along with other money market funds, could be subject to increased redemption activity.
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Treasury Obligations Risk — Direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury have historically involved little risk of loss of principal if held to maturity. However, due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period shareholders own shares of the Fund. In addition, notwithstanding that U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
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U.S. Government Obligations Risk — Not all U.S. Government securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Obligations of certain agencies, authorities, instrumentalities and sponsored enterprises of the U.S. Government are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States (e.g., the Government National Mortgage Association); other obligations are backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury (e.g., the Federal Home Loan Banks) and others are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase an agency’s obligations. Still others are backed only by the credit of the agency, authority, instrumentality or sponsored enterprise issuing the obligation. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government would provide financial support to any of these entities if it is not obligated to do so by law. In addition, circumstances could arise that could prevent the timely payment of interest or principal on U.S. Government obligations, such as reaching the legislative “debt ceiling.” Such non-payment could result in losses to the Fund and substantial negative consequences for the U.S. economy and the global financial system.
◼
Variable and Floating Rate Instrument Risk — Variable and floating rate securities provide for periodic adjustment in the interest rate paid on the securities. Securities with floating or variable interest rates can be less sensitive to
15
interest rate changes than securities with fixed interest rates, but may decline in value if their coupon rates do not reset as high, or as quickly, as comparable market interest rates, and generally carry lower yields than fixed securities of the same maturity. These securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. A decline in interest rates may result in a reduction in income received from variable and floating rate securities held by the Fund and may adversely affect the value of the Fund’s shares. Benchmark interest rates may not accurately track market interest rates. Although floating rate securities are less sensitive to interest rate risk than fixed-rate securities, they are subject to credit risk and default risk, which could impair their value.
◼
When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments Risk — When-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments involve the risk that the security the Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party to the transaction will not meet its obligation. If this occurs, the Fund may lose both the investment opportunity for the assets it set aside to pay for the security and any gain in the security’s price.
Other Risks of Investing in the Fund
The Fund may also be subject to certain other non-principal risks associated with its investments and investment strategies, including:
◼
Borrowing Risk — Borrowing may exaggerate changes in the NAV of Fund shares and in the return on the Fund’s portfolio. Borrowing will cost the Fund interest expense and other fees. The costs of borrowing may reduce the Fund’s return. Borrowing may cause the Fund to liquidate positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations.
◼
Expense Risk — Fund expenses are subject to a variety of factors, including fluctuations in the Fund’s net assets. Accordingly, actual expenses may be greater or less than those indicated. For example, to the extent that the Fund’s net assets decrease due to market declines or redemptions, the Fund’s expenses will increase as a percentage of Fund net assets. During periods of high market volatility, these increases in the Fund’s expense ratio could be significant.
◼
Illiquid Investments Risk — The Fund’s illiquid investments may reduce the returns of the Fund because it may be difficult to sell the illiquid investments at an advantageous time or price. The Fund may be unable to pay redemption proceeds within the time period stated in this prospectus because of unusual market conditions, an unusually high volume of redemption requests, or other reasons.
◼
Investment in Other Investment Companies Risk — As with other investments, investments in other investment companies, including exchange-traded funds, are subject to market and selection risk. In addition, if the Fund acquires shares of investment companies, including ones affiliated with the Fund, shareholders bear both their proportionate share of expenses in the Fund (including management and advisory fees) and, indirectly, the expenses of the investment companies (to the extent not offset by BlackRock through waivers). To the extent the Fund is held by an affiliated fund, the ability of the Fund itself to hold other investment companies may be limited.
◼
Large Shareholder and Large-Scale Redemption Risk — Certain shareholders, including a third-party investor, the Fund’s adviser or an affiliate of the Fund’s adviser, or another entity, may from time to time own or manage a substantial amount of Fund shares or may invest in the Fund and hold its investment for a limited period of time. There can be no assurance that any large shareholder or large group of shareholders would not redeem their investment or that the size of the Fund would be maintained. Redemptions of a large number of Fund shares by these shareholders may adversely affect the Fund’s liquidity and net assets. These redemptions may force the Fund to sell portfolio securities to meet redemption requests when it might not otherwise do so, which may negatively impact the Fund. In addition, large redemptions can result in the Fund’s current expenses being allocated over a smaller asset base, which generally could result in an increase in the Fund’s expense ratio.
◼
Municipal Securities Risks — Municipal securities risks include the ability of the issuer to repay the obligation, the relative lack of information about certain issuers of municipal securities, and the possibility of future legislative changes which could affect the market for and value of municipal securities. Budgetary constraints of local, state, and federal governments upon which the issuers may be relying for funding may also impact municipal securities. These risks include:
General Obligation Bonds Risks — The full faith, credit and taxing power of the municipality that issues a general obligation bond secures payment of interest and repayment of principal. Timely payments depend on the issuer’s credit quality, ability to raise tax revenues and ability to maintain an adequate tax base.
Revenue Bonds Risks — Payments of interest and principal on revenue bonds are made only from the revenues generated by a particular facility, class of facilities or the proceeds of a special tax or other revenue source. These payments depend on the money earned by the particular facility or class of facilities, or the amount of revenues derived from another source.
16
Private Activity Bonds Risks — Municipalities and other public authorities issue private activity bonds to finance development of industrial facilities for use by a private enterprise. The private enterprise pays the principal and interest on the bond, and the issuer does not pledge its full faith, credit and taxing power for repayment. If the private enterprise defaults on its payments, the Fund may not receive any income or get its money back from the investment.
Moral Obligation Bonds Risks — Moral obligation bonds are generally issued by special purpose public authorities of a state or municipality. If the issuer is unable to meet its obligations, repayment of these bonds becomes a moral commitment, but not a legal obligation, of the state or municipality.
Municipal Notes Risks — Municipal notes are shorter term municipal debt obligations. They may provide interim financing in anticipation of, and are secured by, tax collection, bond sales or revenue receipts. If there is a shortfall in the anticipated proceeds, the notes may not be fully repaid and the Fund may lose money.
Municipal Lease Obligations Risks — In a municipal lease obligation, the issuer agrees to make payments when due on the lease obligation. The issuer will generally appropriate municipal funds for that purpose, but is not obligated to do so. Although the issuer does not pledge its unlimited taxing power for payment of the lease obligation, the lease obligation is secured by the leased property. However, if the issuer does not fulfill its payment obligation it may be difficult to sell the property and the proceeds of a sale may not cover the Fund’s loss.
Tax-Exempt Status Risk — In making investments, the Fund and its investment manager will rely on the opinion of issuers’ bond counsel and, in the case of derivative securities, sponsors’ counsel, on the tax-exempt status of interest on municipal obligations and payments under tax-exempt derivative securities. Neither the Fund nor its investment manager will independently review the bases for those tax opinions. If any of those tax opinions are ultimately determined to be incorrect or if events occur after the security is acquired that impact the security’s tax-exempt status, the Fund and its shareholders could be subject to substantial tax liabilities. The Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) has generally not ruled on the taxability of the securities. An assertion by the IRS that a portfolio security is not exempt from U.S. federal income tax (contrary to indications from the issuer) could affect the Fund’s and its shareholders’ income tax liability for the current or past years and could create liability for information reporting penalties. In addition, an IRS assertion of taxability may impair the liquidity and the fair market value of the securities.
◼
Ownership Limitations Risk — If certain aggregate and/or fund-level ownership thresholds are reached through transactions undertaken by BlackRock, its affiliates or the Fund, or as a result of third-party transactions or actions by an issuer or regulator, the ability of BlackRock and its affiliates on behalf of clients (including the Fund) to purchase or dispose of investments, exercise rights or undertake business transactions may be restricted by law, regulation or rule or otherwise impaired. The capacity of the Fund to invest in certain securities or other assets may be affected by the relevant threshold limits, and such limitations may have adverse effects on the liquidity and performance of the Fund’s portfolio holdings.
For example, ownership limits may apply to securities whose issuers operate in certain regulated industries or in certain international markets. Such limits also may apply where the investing entity (such as the Fund) is subject to corporate or regulatory ownership restrictions or invests in certain futures or other derivative transactions. In certain circumstances, aggregate and/or fund-level amounts invested or voted by BlackRock and its affiliates for client funds and accounts managed by BlackRock (including the Fund) may not exceed the relevant limits without the grant of a license or other regulatory or corporate approval, order, consent, relief or non-disapproval. However, there is no guarantee that permission will be granted, or that, once granted, it will not be modified or revoked at a later date with minimal or no notice. In other cases, exceeding such thresholds may cause BlackRock and its affiliates, the Fund or other client accounts to suffer disadvantages or business restrictions.
Ownership limitations are highly complex. It is possible that, despite BlackRock’s intent to either comply with or be granted permission to exceed ownership limitations, it may inadvertently breach a limit or violate the corporate or regulatory approval, order, consent, relief or non-disapproval that was obtained.
◼
Reliance on Advisor Risk — The Fund is dependent upon services and resources provided by BlackRock, and therefore BlackRock’s parent, BlackRock, Inc. BlackRock is not required to devote its full time to the business of the Fund and there is no guarantee or requirement that any investment professional or other employee of BlackRock will allocate a substantial portion of his or her time to the Fund. The loss of, or changes in, BlackRock’s personnel could have a negative effect on the performance or the continued operation of the Fund.
◼
Restricted Securities Risk — Limitations on the resale of restricted securities may have an adverse effect on their marketability, and may prevent the Fund from disposing of them promptly at advantageous prices. Restricted securities may not be listed on an exchange and may have no active trading market. In order to sell such securities, the Fund may have to bear the expense of registering the securities for resale and the risk of substantial delays in effecting the registration. Other transaction costs may be higher for restricted securities than unrestricted
17
securities. Restricted securities may be difficult to value because market quotations may not be readily available, and the securities may have significant volatility. Also, the Fund may get only limited information about the issuer of a given restricted security, and therefore may be less able to predict a loss. Certain restricted securities may involve a high degree of business and financial risk and may result in substantial losses to the Fund.
◼
Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk — Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held by the Fund with an agreement to repurchase the securities at an agreed-upon price, date and interest payment. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the other party may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The Fund could lose money if it is unable to recover the securities and the value of the collateral held by the Fund, including the value of the investments made with cash collateral, is less than the value of the securities. These events could also trigger adverse tax consequences for the Fund. In addition, reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the interest income earned in the investment of the proceeds will be less than the interest expense.
18
Account Information
How to Choose the Share Class that Best Suits Your Needs
The Fund currently offers multiple share classes (Premier Shares in this prospectus), each with its own sales charge and expense structure, allowing you to invest in the way that best suits your needs. Each share class represents an ownership interest in the same investment portfolio of the Fund. When you choose your class of shares, you should consider the size of your investment and how long you plan to hold your shares. Either your financial professional or your selected securities dealer, broker, investment adviser, service provider or industry professional (including BlackRock and its affiliates) (each a “Financial Intermediary”) can help you determine which share class is best suited to your personal financial goals.
The Fund’s shares are distributed by BlackRock Investments, LLC (the “Distributor”), an affiliate of BlackRock.
The table below summarizes key features of the Premier Shares class of the Fund.
Premier Shares at a Glance1 
 
 
Availability
Limited to certain investors, including:
•Individuals who may purchase shares of the Fund through a Financial Intermediary that
has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to purchase such shares.
•Employees of BlackRock whose accounts are held through a Financial Intermediary
that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Premier Shares.
•Participants in certain programs sponsored by BlackRock or its affiliates or other
Financial Intermediaries.
•Clients investing through Financial Intermediaries that have entered into an agreement
with the Distributor to offer such shares on a platform that charges a transaction
based sales commission outside of the Fund.
Minimum Investment
There is no investment minimum for:
•Clients of Financial Intermediaries that: (i) charge such clients a fee for advisory,
investment consulting, or similar services or (ii) have entered into an agreement with
the Distributor to offer Premier Shares through a no-load program or investment
platform.
•Employees of BlackRock whose accounts are held through a Financial Intermediary
that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Premier Shares.
$2 million for individuals.
$1,000 investment minimum for clients investing through Financial Intermediaries that
offer such shares on a platform that charges a transaction based sales commission
outside of the Fund.
Initial Sales Charge?
No. Entire purchase price is invested in shares of the Fund.
Deferred Sales Charge?
No.
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees?
No.
Redemption Fees?
The Fund may impose a discretionary liquidity fee up to 2% when it is in the best
interests of the Fund. See “Discretionary Liquidity Fees” below.
Advantage
No ongoing shareholder servicing fees.
Disadvantage
Limited availability.
 
1
Please see “Details About the Share Class” for more information about Premier Shares.
The following pages will cover additional details of Premier Shares, including the eligibility requirements for purchasing Premier Shares.
19
Details About the Share Class
Premier Shares
Premier Shares are not subject to any sales charge. Only certain investors are eligible to buy Premier Shares. Your Financial Intermediary can help you determine whether you are eligible to buy Premier Shares. The Fund may permit a lower initial investment for certain investors if their purchase, combined with purchases by other investors received together by the Fund, meets the minimum investment requirement.
Premier Shares may also be available on certain brokerage platforms. An investor transacting in Premier Shares on such brokerage platforms through a broker acting as an agent for the investor may be required to pay a commission and/or other forms of compensation to the broker. Shares of the Fund are available in other share classes that have different fees and expenses.
Eligible Premier Shares investors include the following, provided that the beneficial owners of the Premier Shares are natural persons:
◼
Individuals with a minimum initial investment of $2 million who may purchase shares of the Fund through a Financial Intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to purchase such shares;
◼
Clients of Financial Intermediaries that: (i) charge such clients a fee for advisory, investment consulting, or similar services or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Premier Shares through a no-load program or investment platform, in each case, with no minimum initial investment;
◼
Clients investing through Financial Intermediaries that have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer such shares on a platform that charges a transaction based sales commission outside of the Fund, with a minimum initial investment of $1,000; and
◼
Employees of BlackRock whose accounts are held through a Financial Intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Premier Shares.
The Fund reserves the right to modify or waive the above-stated policies at any time.
Right of Accumulation
Investors have a “right of accumulation” under which any of the following may be combined with the amount of the current purchase in determining whether an investor qualifies for a breakpoint and a reduced front-end sales charge:
i.
The current value of an investor’s existing Investor A and A1, Investor C, Investor P, Institutional, Class K and Premier Shares in most BlackRock Funds,
ii.
The current value of an investor’s existing shares of certain unlisted closed-end management investment companies sponsored and advised by BlackRock or its affiliates and
iii.
The investment in the BlackRock CollegeAdvantage 529 Program by the investor or by or on behalf of the investor’s spouse and children.
Financial Intermediaries may value current holdings of their customers differently for purposes of determining whether an investor qualifies for a breakpoint and a reduced front-end sales charge, although customers of the same Financial Intermediary will be treated similarly. In order to use this right, the investor must alert BlackRock to the existence of any previously purchased shares.
Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Payments
Other Payments by the Fund
In addition to fees that the Fund pays to its transfer agent, BlackRock, on behalf of the Fund, may enter into
non-12b-1-Plan agreements with affiliated and unaffiliated Financial Intermediaries pursuant to which the Fund will pay a Financial Intermediary for administrative, networking, recordkeeping, sub-transfer agency, sub-accounting and/or shareholder services. These non-12b-1 Plan payments are generally based on either (1) a percentage of the average daily net assets of Fund shareholders serviced by a Financial Intermediary or (2) a fixed dollar amount for each account serviced by a Financial Intermediary. The aggregate amount of these payments may be substantial.
Other Payments by BlackRock
From time to time, BlackRock, the Distributor or their affiliates also may pay a portion of the fees for administrative, networking, recordkeeping, sub-transfer agency, sub-accounting and shareholder services described above at its or their own expense and out of its or their profits. BlackRock, the Distributor and their affiliates may also compensate affiliated and unaffiliated Financial Intermediaries for the sale and distribution of shares of the Fund. These payments
20
would be in addition to the Fund payments described in this prospectus and may be a fixed dollar amount, may be based on the number of customer accounts maintained by the Financial Intermediary, may be based on a percentage of the value of shares sold to, or held by, customers of the Financial Intermediary or may be calculated on another basis. The aggregate amount of these payments by BlackRock, the Distributor and their affiliates may be substantial and, in some circumstances, may create an incentive for a Financial Intermediary, its employees or associated persons to recommend or sell shares of the Fund to you.
Please contact your Financial Intermediary for details about payments it may receive from the Fund or from BlackRock, the Distributor or their affiliates. For more information, see the SAI.
How to Buy, Sell and Transfer Shares
The chart on the following pages summarizes how to buy, sell and transfer shares through your Financial Intermediary. Because the selection of a mutual fund involves many considerations, your Financial Intermediary may help you with this decision.
With certain limited exceptions, the Fund is generally available only to investors residing in the United States and may not be distributed by a foreign Financial Intermediary. Under this policy, in order to accept new accounts or additional investments into existing accounts, the Fund generally requires that (i) a shareholder that is a natural person be a U.S. citizen or resident alien, in each case residing within the United States or a U.S. territory (including APO/FPO/DPO addresses), and have a valid U.S. taxpayer identification number, and (ii) a Financial Intermediary or a shareholder that is an entity be domiciled in the United States and have a valid U.S. taxpayer identification number or be domiciled in a U.S. territory and have a valid U.S. taxpayer identification number or IRS Form W-8. Any existing account that is updated to reflect a non-U.S. address will also be restricted from making additional investments.
The Fund may reject any purchase order, modify or waive the minimum initial or subsequent investment requirements for any shareholders and suspend and resume the sale of any share class of the Fund at any time for any reason. In addition, the Fund may waive certain requirements regarding the purchase, sale or transfer of shares described below and on the following pages.
The Fund is a retail money market fund and is intended only for sale to beneficial owners who are natural persons. Natural persons may invest in the Fund through certain tax-advantaged savings accounts, trusts and other retirement and investment accounts, which may include, among others: participant-directed defined contribution plans; individual retirement accounts; simplified employee pension arrangements; simple retirement accounts; custodial accounts; deferred compensation plans for government or tax-exempt organization employees; Archer medical savings accounts; college savings plans; health savings account plans; ordinary trusts and estates of natural persons; or certain other retirement and investment accounts with ultimate investment authority held by the natural person beneficial owner, notwithstanding having an institutional decision maker making day to day decisions (e.g., a plan sponsor in certain retirement arrangements or an investment adviser managing discretionary investment accounts). Financial Intermediaries are required to adopt and implement policies, procedures and internal controls reasonably designed to limit all beneficial owners of the Fund to natural persons. Financial Intermediaries are expected to promptly report to the Fund the existence of any shareholder of the Fund that does not qualify as a natural person of whom they are aware, promptly notify such shareholder, and take steps to redeem any such shareholder’s Fund shares.
The Fund reserves the right to redeem shares in any account that it cannot confirm to its satisfaction is beneficially owned by a natural person, after providing at least 60 days’ advance notice.
Under certain circumstances, if no activity occurs in an account within a time period specified by state law, a shareholder’s shares in the Fund may be transferred to that state.
How to Buy Shares 
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Initial Purchase
Determine the amount of your
investment
Refer to the minimum initial investment in the “Premier Shares at a
Glance” table of this prospectus.
See “Account Information — Details About the Share Class” for
information on a lower initial investment requirement for certain Fund
investors if their purchase, combined with purchases by other investors
received together by the Fund, meets the minimum investment
requirement.
Purchase orders received by the Fund’s transfer agent, BNY Mellon
Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (the “Transfer Agent”), before 4:00 p.m.
(Eastern time) on each business day will be priced based on the next
21
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Initial Purchase
(continued)
Determine the amount of your
investment (continued)
NAV calculated on that day. Only purchase and redemption orders
submitted through the NSCC Fund/SERV trading platform will be
accepted. Shares begin accruing dividends on the third business day
following the day the purchase order for the shares is effected and
continue to accrue dividends through the second business day following
the day such shares are redeemed.
NAV is calculated separately for each class of shares of the Fund as of
the close of business on the New York Stock Exchange (“Exchange”),
generally 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time), each business day. Shares will be
priced on days that both the Exchange and the Federal Reserve Bank of
Philadelphia are open (each such day, a “business day”). The Fund may
elect, in its discretion if it is determined to be in shareholders’ best
interest, to be open on days when the Exchange is closed due to an
emergency. Both the Exchange and the Federal Reserve Bank of
Philadelphia are closed on New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day,
Presidents’ Day, Memorial Day, Juneteenth, Independence Day, Labor
Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Currently the only scheduled
days on which the Exchange is open and the Federal Reserve Bank of
Philadelphia is closed are Columbus Day and Veterans’ Day. The only
scheduled day on which the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia is
open and the Exchange is closed is Good Friday.
Purchase orders placed after 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) will be priced at
the NAV determined on the next business day.
A broker-dealer or financial institution maintaining the account in which
you hold shares may charge a separate account, service or transaction
fee on the purchase or sale of Fund shares that would be in addition to
the fees and expenses shown in the Fund’s “Fees and Expenses”
table.
The Fund may reject any order to buy shares and may suspend the sale
of shares at any time. Certain Financial Intermediaries may charge a
processing fee to confirm a purchase.
Add to Your
Investment
Purchase additional shares
Premier Shares have no minimum for additional purchases.
 
Have your Financial Intermediary
submit your purchase order for
additional shares
To purchase additional shares you may contact your Financial
Intermediary.
 
Acquire additional shares by
reinvesting dividends and capital
gains
All dividends and capital gains distributions are automatically
reinvested without a sales charge. To make any changes to your
dividend and/or capital gains distributions options, please contact your
Financial Intermediary.
 
How to Sell Shares 
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Full or Partial
Redemption of
Shares
Have your Financial Intermediary
submit your sales order
You can make redemption requests through your Financial
Intermediary. Shareholders should indicate that they are redeeming
Premier Shares. The price of your shares is based on the next
calculation of the Fund’s NAV after your order is placed. For your
redemption request to be priced at the NAV on the day of your request,
you must submit your request to your Financial Intermediary prior to
that day’s close of business on the Exchange (generally 4:00 p.m.
Eastern time). Certain Financial Intermediaries, however, may require
submission of orders prior to that time. Any redemption request placed
after that time will be priced at the NAV at the close of business on the
next business day. Financial Intermediaries may charge a fee to
process a redemption of shares.
Proceeds for redeemed shares for which a redemption order is received
before 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on a business day are normally paid in
Federal funds on the second business day following the day such
redemption order is received. The Fund reserves the right to send
redemption proceeds within seven days after receiving a redemption
order if, in the judgment of the Fund, an earlier payment could adversely
22
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Full or Partial
Redemption of
Shares (continued)
Have your Financial Intermediary
submit your sales order
(continued)
affect the Fund.
The Fund may reject an order to sell shares under certain
circumstances.
***
If you make a redemption request before the Fund has collected
payment for the purchase of shares, the Fund may delay sending your
proceeds. This delay will usually not exceed ten days.
Under normal and stressed market conditions, the Fund typically
expects to meet redemption requests by using cash or cash
equivalents in its portfolio or by selling portfolio assets to generate
additional cash.
 
How to Transfer Your Account 
 
Your Choices
Important Information for You to Know
Transfer Shares to
Another Financial
Intermediary
Transfer to a participating
Financial Intermediary
You may transfer your shares of the Fund only to another Financial
Intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor.
Certain shareholder services may not be available for the transferred
shares. All future trading of these assets must be coordinated by the
receiving firm.
Please contact your Financial Intermediary to accomplish the transfer of
shares.
 
Transfer to a non-participating
Financial Intermediary
You must sell your shares.
Please contact your Financial Intermediary.
 
Fund’s Rights
The Fund may:
◼
Suspend the right of redemption if trading is halted or restricted on the Exchange or under other emergency conditions described in the Investment Company Act;
◼
Postpone the date of payment upon redemption if trading is halted or restricted on the Exchange or under other emergency conditions described in the Investment Company Act or if a redemption request is made before the Fund has collected payment for the purchase of shares;
◼
Redeem shares for property other than cash as may be permitted under the Investment Company Act; and
◼
Redeem shares involuntarily in certain cases, such as when the value of a shareholder account falls below a specified level or if the Fund does not believe the account is for a natural person.
Suspension of Redemptions Upon Liquidation. If the Board, including a majority of the trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust as defined in the Investment Company Act, determines either that (1) the Fund has invested, at the end of a business day, less than 10% of its total assets in weekly liquid assets, or (2) the Fund’s calculated NAV per share has deviated from $1.00 or such deviation is likely to occur; then the Board, subject to certain conditions, may, where the Board has determined to liquidate the Fund irrevocably, suspend redemptions and payment of redemption proceeds in order to facilitate the permanent liquidation of the Fund in an orderly manner. If this were to occur, it would likely result in a delay in your receipt of your redemption proceeds.
Note on Low Balance Accounts. Because of the high cost of maintaining smaller shareholder accounts, BlackRock has set a minimum balance of $500 in each Fund position you hold within your account (the “Fund Minimum”), and may redeem the shares in your account if the NAV of those shares in your account falls below $500 for any reason, including market fluctuation.
You will be notified that the value of your account is less than the Fund Minimum before the Fund makes any involuntary redemption. This notification will provide you with a 90 calendar day period to make an additional investment in order to bring the value of your account to at least $500 before the Fund makes an involuntary redemption. This involuntary redemption will not charge any deferred sales charge, and may not apply to accounts of certain employer-sponsored retirement plans (not including IRAs), qualified state tuition plan (529 Plan) accounts, and select fee-based programs at your Financial Intermediary.
23
Discretionary Liquidity Fees
Under Rule 2a-7, the Board, or its delegate, is permitted to impose a discretionary liquidity fee up to 2% on the value of shares redeemed, if such fee is determined to be in the best interests of the Fund.
Discretionary liquidity fees, if imposed, may be terminated at any time at the discretion of the Board, or its delegate, if the Board, or its delegate, determines that it is no longer in the best interests of the Fund.
Under certain circumstances, the Fund may pay redemptions without adding a discretionary liquidity fee to the redemption amount if the Fund can verify that the redemption order was submitted to the Fund’s authorized agent before the Board, or its delegate, imposed a discretionary liquidity fee.
The Board generally expects that a discretionary liquidity fee would be imposed, if at all, during periods of market stress.
Financial Intermediaries will be required promptly to take such actions reasonably requested by the Fund or its agent to implement, modify or remove, or to assist the Fund in implementing, modifying or removing, a discretionary liquidity fee established by the Board, or its delegate.
Announcements regarding the imposition of a discretionary liquidity fee, or the termination of a discretionary liquidity fee, will be available on the Fund’s website (www.blackrock.com/cash). In addition, the Fund may further communicate such actions through other means.
The discretionary liquidity fee will not be applied to your purchases of Fund shares.
Short-Term Trading Policy
Market timing is an investment technique involving frequent short-term trading of mutual fund shares designed to exploit market movements or inefficiencies in the way a mutual fund prices its shares. The Board has evaluated the risks of market timing activities by the Fund’s shareholders and has determined that due to (i) the Fund’s policy of seeking to maintain the Fund’s NAV per share at $1.00 each day, (ii) the nature of the Fund’s portfolio holdings, and (iii) the nature of the Fund’s shareholders, it is unlikely that (a) market timing would be attempted by the Fund’s shareholders or (b) any attempts to market time the Fund by shareholders would result in a negative impact to the Fund or its shareholders. As a result, the Board has not adopted policies and procedures to deter short-term trading in the Fund. There can be no assurances, however, that the Fund may not, on occasion, serve as a temporary or short-term investment vehicle for those who seek to market time funds offered by other investment companies.
Master/Feeder Structure
The Fund may in the future determine to become a “feeder” fund that invests all of its assets in another open-end investment company (a “master fund”) that has the same investment objective and strategies as the Fund. This structure is sometimes called a “master/feeder” structure. Investors in a feeder fund will acquire an indirect interest in the corresponding master fund. In a master/feeder structure, all investments will be made at the master level and the Fund’s investment results will correspond directly to the investment results of the underlying master in which it invests. A feeder fund may withdraw from its master fund at any time and may invest all of its assets in another pooled investment vehicle or retain an investment adviser to manage its assets directly.
A master fund may accept investments from other feeder funds, and all the feeder funds of a given master fund bear the master fund’s expenses in proportion to their assets. This structure may enable the feeder funds to reduce costs through economies of scale. A larger investment portfolio may also reduce certain transaction costs to the extent that contributions to and redemptions from a master fund from different feeder funds may offset each other and produce a lower net cash flow.
However, each feeder fund can set its own transaction minimums, fund specific expenses, and other conditions. This means that one feeder fund could offer access to the same master fund on more attractive terms, or could experience better performance, than another feeder fund. In addition, large purchases or redemptions by one feeder fund could negatively affect the performance of other feeder funds that invest in the same master fund.
Whenever a master fund holds a vote of its feeder funds, a fund that is a feeder fund investing in that master fund will pass the vote through to its own shareholders. Smaller feeder funds may be harmed by the actions of larger feeder funds. For example, a larger feeder fund could have more voting power than a fund that is a feeder fund over the operations of its master fund.
24
Management of the Fund
BlackRock
BlackRock, the Fund’s investment adviser, manages the Fund’s investments and its business operations subject to the oversight of the Trust’s Board. While BlackRock is ultimately responsible for the management of the Fund, it is able to draw upon the research and expertise of its asset management affiliates for portfolio decisions and management with respect to certain portfolio securities. BlackRock is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc.
BlackRock, a registered investment adviser, was organized in 1994 to perform advisory services for investment companies. BlackRock International Limited (the “Sub-Adviser”), a registered investment adviser organized in 1995, is an affiliate of BlackRock and acts as a sub-adviser for the Fund. BlackRock and its affiliates had approximately $12.5 trillion in investment company and other portfolio assets under management as of June 30, 2025.
BlackRock serves as manager to the Fund pursuant to a management agreement (the “Management Agreement”), which provides that BlackRock is entitled to fees computed daily and payable monthly. The maximum annual management fee rate that the Fund can pay to BlackRock (as a percentage of average daily net assets) is calculated as follows: 
Average Daily Net Assets
Rate of
Management Fee
First $1 billion
0.450
%
$1 billion – $2 billion
0.400
%
$2 billion – $3 billion
0.375
%
Greater than $3 billion
0.350
%
 
BlackRock has contractually agreed to cap net expenses (excluding: (i) interest, taxes, dividends tied to short sales, brokerage commissions, and other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (ii) the Fund’s pro rata shares of the fees and expenses incurred indirectly by the Fund as a result of investing in other investment companies; (iii) other expenses attributable to, and incurred as a result of, the Fund’s investments; and (iv) extraordinary expenses (including litigation expenses) not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business, if any) of Premier Shares at the level shown below and in the Fund’s fees and expenses table in the “Fund Overview” section of this prospectus. Items (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) in the preceding sentence are referred to in this prospectus as “Dividend Expense, Interest Expense, Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses and certain other Fund expenses.” To achieve this expense cap, BlackRock has agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees or expenses if the Fund’s operating expenses exceed a certain limit.
With respect to the Fund, BlackRock has contractually agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees or expenses in order to limit Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses to the amounts noted in the table below. 
 
Contractual Caps1
on Total Annual Fund
Operating Expenses2
(excluding Dividend
Expense, Interest
Expense, Acquired
Fund Fees and
Expenses and
certain other
Fund expenses)
Total Annual Fund
Operating Expenses2
after giving effect to all
applicable expense limitation
provisions (excluding Dividend
Expense, Interest Expense,
Acquired Fund Fees
and Expenses and certain
other Fund Expenses)
Premier Shares
0.20
%
0.20
%
 
1
The contractual caps are in effect through June 30, 2027. The contractual agreement may be terminated with respect to the Fund upon 90 days’ notice by a majority of the non-interested trustees of the Trust or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.
2
As a percentage of average daily net assets.
25
BlackRock and the Distributor have voluntarily agreed to waive a portion of their respective fees and/or reimburse operating expenses to enable the Fund to maintain minimum levels of daily net investment income. BlackRock and the Distributor may discontinue this voluntary waiver and/or reimbursement at any time without notice.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, BlackRock received a management fee, net of management fee waivers, at the annual rate of 0.40% of the Fund’s average daily net assets.
A discussion of the basis for the Board’s approval of the Management Agreement with BlackRock and the sub-advisory agreement with the Sub Adviser is available in the Fund’s reports filed on Form N-CSR for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025.
BlackRock has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with the Sub-Adviser. Under the sub-advisory agreement, BlackRock pays the Sub-Adviser for services it provides for that portion of the Fund for which it acts as sub-adviser a fee equal to a percentage of the management fee paid to BlackRock under the Management Agreement.
From time to time, a manager, analyst, or other employee of BlackRock or its affiliates may express views regarding a particular asset class, company, security, industry, or market sector. The views expressed by any such person are the views of only that individual as of the time expressed and do not necessarily represent the views of BlackRock or any other person within the BlackRock organization. Any such views are subject to change at any time based upon market or other conditions and BlackRock disclaims any responsibility to update such views. These views may not be relied on as investment advice and, because investment decisions for the Fund are based on numerous factors, may not be relied on as an indication of trading intent on behalf of the Fund.
BlackRock or its affiliates will use at least 5% of BlackRock’s net revenue from its management fee from the Fund to purchase and then retire carbon credits either directly or through a third-party organization. These purchases will be made at least annually, with BlackRock maintaining the option to increase, decrease or terminate these purchases in its sole discretion at any time.
Additionally, BlackRock may at its discretion enter into a license agreement (a “License Agreement”) with one or more charitable organizations that is tax-exempt under 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 from time to time. Pursuant to the relevant License Agreement, the charitable organization would grant BlackRock a license permitting BlackRock to use the charitable organization’s name and logo. BlackRock will pay a license fee to each such charitable organization for such use. No charitable organization will provide any investment advisory services to BlackRock or the Fund or participate in, or have any influence on, the day-to-day operations of, the Fund.
Conflicts of Interest
The investment activities of BlackRock and its affiliates (including BlackRock, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Affiliates”)), and their respective directors, officers or employees, in managing their own accounts and other accounts, may present conflicts of interest that could disadvantage the Fund and its shareholders.
BlackRock and its Affiliates are involved worldwide with a broad spectrum of financial services and asset management activities and in the ordinary course of business may engage in activities in which their interests or the interests of other clients may conflict with those of the Fund. BlackRock and its Affiliates act, or may act, as an investor, research provider, investment manager, commodity pool operator, commodity trading advisor, financier, underwriter, adviser, trader, lender, index provider, agent and/or principal. BlackRock and its Affiliates may have other direct and indirect interests in securities, currencies, commodities, derivatives and other assets in which the Fund may directly or indirectly invest.
BlackRock and its Affiliates may engage in proprietary trading and advise accounts and other funds that have investment objectives similar to those of the Fund and/or that engage in and compete for transactions in the same or similar types of securities, currencies and other assets as are held by the Fund. This may include transactions in securities issued by other open-end and closed-end investment companies, including investment companies that are affiliated with the Fund and BlackRock, to the extent permitted under the Investment Company Act. The trading activities of BlackRock and its Affiliates are carried out without reference to positions held directly or indirectly by the Fund. These activities may result in BlackRock or an Affiliate having positions in assets that are senior or junior to, or that have interests different from or adverse to, the assets held by the Fund.
The Fund may invest in securities issued by, or engage in other transactions with, entities with which an Affiliate has significant debt or equity investments or other interests. The Fund may also invest in issuances (such as debt offerings or structured notes) for which an Affiliate is compensated for providing advisory, cash management or other services. The Fund also may invest in securities of, or engage in other transactions with, entities for which an Affiliate provides or may provide research coverage or other analysis.
26
An Affiliate may have business relationships with, and receive compensation from, distributors, consultants or others who recommend the Fund or who engage in transactions with or for the Fund.
Neither BlackRock nor any Affiliate is under any obligation to share any investment opportunity, idea or strategy with the Fund. As a result, an Affiliate may compete with the Fund for appropriate investment opportunities. The results of the Fund’s investment activities, therefore, may differ from those of an Affiliate and of other accounts managed by an Affiliate. It is possible that the Fund could sustain losses during periods in which one or more Affiliates and other accounts achieve profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. The opposite result is also possible.
In addition, the Fund may enter into transactions in which BlackRock or an Affiliate or their directors, officers, employees or clients have an adverse interest. The Fund may be adversely impacted by the effects of transactions undertaken by BlackRock or an Affiliate or their directors, officers, employees or clients.
From time to time, BlackRock or its advisory clients (including other funds and accounts) may, subject to compliance with applicable law, purchase and hold shares of the Fund. The price, availability, liquidity, and (in some cases) expense ratio of the Fund may be impacted by purchases and sales of the Fund by BlackRock or its advisory clients.
The Fund’s activities may be limited because of regulatory restrictions applicable to BlackRock or an Affiliate or their policies designed to comply with such restrictions.
Under a securities lending program approved by the Board, the Fund has retained BlackRock Investment Management, LLC, an Affiliate of BlackRock, to serve as its securities lending agent to the extent that it participates in the securities lending program. For these services, the securities lending agent will receive a fee from the participating Fund based on the returns earned on the Fund’s lending activities, including the investment of the cash received as collateral for the loaned securities. In addition, one or more Affiliates may be among the entities to which the Fund may lend its portfolio securities under the securities lending program.
BlackRock and its Affiliates may benefit from a fund using a BlackRock index by creating increasing acceptance in the marketplace for such indexes. BlackRock and its Affiliates are not obligated to license an index to a fund, and no fund is under an obligation to use a BlackRock index. The terms of a fund’s index licensing agreement with BlackRock or its Affiliates may not be as favorable as the terms offered to other licensees.
The activities of BlackRock and its Affiliates and their respective directors, officers or employees, may give rise to other conflicts of interest that could disadvantage the Fund and its shareholders. BlackRock has adopted policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts of interest. Please see the SAI for further information.
Valuation of Fund Investments
A mutual fund is a pool of investors’ money that is used to purchase a portfolio of securities, which in turn is owned in common by the investors. Investors put money into a mutual fund by buying shares. If a mutual fund has a portfolio worth $5 million and has 5 million shares outstanding, the NAV per share is $1.00. When you buy Premier Shares you pay the NAV per share. Although the Fund seeks to maintain an NAV of $1.00 per share, there is no guarantee it will be able to do so.
The Fund’s investments are valued based on the amortized cost method described in the SAI.
The Transfer Agent will probably receive your order from your registered representative, who takes your order. Purchase orders received by the Transfer Agent before 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on each business day will be priced based on the next NAV calculated on that day. Shares begin accruing dividends on the third business day following the day the purchase order for the shares is effected and continue to accrue dividends through the second business day following the day such shares are redeemed.
The NAV is calculated separately for each class of shares of the Fund as of the close of business on the Exchange, generally 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time), each business day. Shares will not be priced on days the Exchange or the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia are closed. The Fund may elect, in its discretion if it is determined to be in shareholders’ best interest, to be open on days when the Exchange is closed due to an emergency.
Dividends, Distributions and Taxes
Distributions of net investment income derived by the Fund, if any, are declared daily and paid at least monthly and net realized capital gains, if any, will be distributed at least annually. Dividends will be reinvested automatically in the form of additional shares of the same class of the Fund at NAV without a sales charge, unless you instruct your Financial Intermediary to pay them in cash. Dividends that are declared but unpaid will remain in the gross assets of the Fund
27
and will, therefore, continue to earn income for the Fund’s shareholders. Shareholders redeeming their shares will receive all dividends declared through the second business day following the date of redemption. The Fund anticipates that a significant amount of the distributions may be taxed as ordinary income, although the Fund may distribute capital gains as well. Capital gains may be taxable to you at different rates depending on how long the Fund held the assets sold.
You will pay tax on dividends from the Fund whether you receive them in cash or additional shares. If you redeem Fund shares, you generally will be treated as having sold your shares and any gain on the transaction may be subject to tax. Fund distributions derived from qualified dividend income, which consists of dividends received from U.S. corporations and qualifying foreign corporations, and from long-term capital gains are eligible for taxation at a maximum rate of 15% or 20% for individuals, depending on whether their income exceeds certain threshold amounts, which are adjusted annually for inflation.
If the Fund imposes a discretionary liquidity fee on share redemptions, the amount that would ordinarily be payable to a redeeming shareholder of the Fund will be reduced, consequently reducing the amount of gain, or increasing the amount of loss, that would otherwise be reportable for income tax purposes. The discretionary liquidity fee cannot be separately claimed as a deduction.
Any such discretionary liquidity fee will constitute an asset of the Fund and will serve to benefit non-redeeming shareholders. If the Fund receives discretionary liquidity fees, it will consider the appropriate tax treatment of such fees to the Fund at such time. However, due to a lack of guidance, the tax consequences of liquidity fees to the Fund and the shareholders is unclear and may differ from that described in this section.
If the value of assets held by the Fund declines, the Board may authorize a reduction in the number of outstanding shares in shareholders’ accounts so as to preserve a net asset value of $1.00 per share. After such a reduction, the basis of eliminated shares would be added to the basis of shareholders’ remaining Fund shares, and you could recognize a capital loss if you disposed of your shares at that time. Dividends, including dividends reinvested in additional shares of the Fund, will nonetheless be fully taxable, even if the number of shares in your account has been reduced as described above.
A 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on the net investment income (which includes, but is not limited to, interest, dividends and net gain from investments) of U.S. individuals with income exceeding $200,000, or $250,000 if married filing jointly, and of trusts and estates.
Your dividends and redemption proceeds will be subject to backup withholding tax if you have not provided a taxpayer identification number or social security number or the number you have provided is incorrect.
If you are neither a tax resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a foreign entity (other than a pass-through entity to the extent owned by U.S. persons), the Fund’s ordinary income dividends will generally be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies. However, certain distributions reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends, interest-related dividends or short-term capital gain dividends and paid to a foreign shareholder may be eligible for an exemption from U.S. withholding tax.
Separately, a 30% withholding tax is currently imposed on U.S.-source dividends, interest and other income items paid to (i) certain foreign financial institutions and investment funds, and (ii) certain other foreign entities. To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions and investment funds will generally either need to (a) collect and report to the IRS detailed information identifying their U.S. accounts and U.S. account holders, comply with due diligence procedures for identifying U.S. accounts and withhold tax on certain payments made to noncomplying foreign entities and account holders or (b) if an intergovernmental agreement is entered into and implementing legislation is adopted, comply with the agreement and legislation. Other foreign entities will generally either need to provide detailed information identifying each substantial U.S. owner or certify there are no such owners.
This section summarizes some of the consequences under current federal tax law of an investment in the Fund. It is not a substitute for individualized tax advice. Consult your tax adviser about the potential tax consequences of an investment in the Fund under all applicable tax laws.
28
Financial Highlights
The financial highlights tables are intended to help investors understand the Fund’s financial performance for the periods shown. Certain information reflects financial results for a single share of the Fund. The total returns in the tables represent the rate of return that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund, assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. The information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, whose report along with the Fund’s audited financial statements, is included in the Fund’s Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on Form N-CSR, which are available upon request and at www.blackrock.com.  
 
Premier
(For a share outstanding throughout each period)
Year Ended
03/31/25
Year Ended
03/31/24
Year Ended
03/31/23
Year Ended
03/31/22
Year Ended
03/31/21
Net asset value, beginning of year
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
Net investment income
0.0460
0.0529
0.0270
0.0001
0.0021
Net realized gain (loss)
0.0028
(0.0006
)(a)
0.0000
(a)(b)
0.0002
0.0001
Net increase from investment operations
0.0488
0.0523
0.0270
0.0003
0.0022
Distributions(c)
From net investment income
(0.0488
)
(0.0523
)
(0.0270
)
(0.0003
)
(0.0021
)
From net realized gain
—
—
—
(0.0000
)(d)
(0.0001
)
Total distributions
(0.0488
)
(0.0523
)
(0.0270
)
(0.0003
)
(0.0022
)
Net asset value, end of year
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
$1.00
Total Return(e)
Based on net asset value
4.99
%
5.36
%
2.73
%
0.03
%
0.22
%
Ratios to Average Net Assets
Total expenses
0.47
%
0.50
%
0.82
%
0.96
%
0.58
%
Total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed
0.20
%
0.20
%
0.20
%
0.17
%
0.20
%
Net investment income
4.62
%
5.32
%
2.70
%
0.01
%
0.21
%
Supplemental Data
Net assets, end of year (000)
$15,519
$2,750
$37
$37
$37
 
(a)
The amounts reported for a share outstanding may not accord with the change in aggregate gains and losses in securities for the fiscal period due to the timing of capital share transactions in relation to the fluctuating market values of the Fund’s underlying securities.
(b)
Amount is less than $0.00005 per share.
(c)
Distributions for annual periods determined in accordance with U.S. federal income tax regulations.
(c)
Amount is greater than $(0.00005) per share.
(e)
Where applicable, assumes the reinvestment of distributions.
29
General Information
Shareholder Documents
Electronic Access to Annual and Semi-Annual Reports, Annual and Semi-Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information and Prospectuses
Electronic copies of most financial reports and prospectuses are available on BlackRock’s website. Shareholders can sign up for e-mail notifications of annual and semi-annual reports, Annual and Semi-Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information and prospectuses by enrolling in the Fund’s electronic delivery program. To enroll:
Shareholders Who Hold Accounts with Investment Advisers, Banks or Brokerages: Please contact your Financial Intermediary. Please note that not all investment advisers, banks or brokerages may offer this service.
Delivery of Shareholder Documents
The Fund delivers only one copy of shareholder documents, including prospectuses, shareholder reports and proxy statements, to shareholders with multiple accounts at the same address. This practice is known as “householding” and is intended to eliminate duplicate mailings and reduce expenses. Mailings of your shareholder documents may be householded indefinitely unless you instruct us otherwise. If you do not want the mailing of these documents to be combined with those for other members of your household, please contact the Fund at (800) 441-7762.
Certain Fund Policies
Anti-Money Laundering Requirements
The Fund is subject to the USA PATRIOT Act (the “Patriot Act”). The Patriot Act is intended to prevent the use of the U.S. financial system in furtherance of money laundering, terrorism or other illicit activities. Pursuant to requirements under the Patriot Act, the Fund is required to obtain sufficient information from shareholders to enable it to form a reasonable belief that it knows the true identity of its shareholders. This information will be used to verify the identity of investors or, in some cases, the status of Financial Intermediaries. Such information may be verified using third-party sources. This information will be used only for compliance with the Patriot Act or other applicable laws, regulations and rules in connection with money laundering, terrorism or economic sanctions.
The Fund reserves the right to reject purchase orders from persons who have not submitted information sufficient to allow the Fund to verify their identity. The Fund also reserves the right to redeem any amounts in the Fund from persons whose identity it is unable to verify on a timely basis. It is the Fund’s policy to cooperate fully with appropriate regulators in any investigations conducted with respect to potential money laundering, terrorism or other illicit activities.
BlackRock Privacy Principles
BlackRock is committed to maintaining the privacy of its current and former fund investors and individual clients (collectively, “Clients”) and to safeguarding their non-public personal information. The following information is provided to help you understand what personal information BlackRock collects, how we protect that information and why in certain cases we share such information with select parties.
If you are located in a jurisdiction where specific laws, rules or regulations require BlackRock to provide you with additional or different privacy-related rights beyond what is set forth below, then BlackRock will comply with those specific laws, rules or regulations.
BlackRock obtains or verifies personal non-public information from and about you from different sources, including the following: (i) information we receive from you or, if applicable, your Financial Intermediary, on applications, forms or other documents; (ii) information about your transactions with us, our affiliates, or others; (iii) information we receive from a consumer reporting agency; and (iv) from visits to our website.
BlackRock does not sell or disclose to non-affiliated third parties any non-public personal information about its Clients, except as permitted by law, or as is necessary to respond to regulatory requests or to service Client accounts. These non-affiliated third parties are required to protect the confidentiality and security of this information and to use it only for its intended purpose.
30
We may share information with our affiliates to service your account or to provide you with information about other BlackRock products or services that may be of interest to you. In addition, BlackRock restricts access to non-public personal information about its Clients to those BlackRock employees with a legitimate business need for the information. BlackRock maintains physical, electronic and procedural safeguards that are designed to protect the non-public personal information of its Clients, including procedures relating to the proper storage and disposal of such information.
Statement of Additional Information
If you would like further information about the Fund, including how it invests, please see the SAI.
For a discussion of the Fund’s policies and procedures regarding the selective disclosure of its portfolio holdings, please see the SAI.
31
Glossary
This glossary contains an explanation of some of the common terms used in this prospectus. For additional information about the Fund, please see the SAI.
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses — the Fund’s pro rata share of the fees and expenses incurred indirectly by the Fund as a result of investing in other investment companies.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses — expenses that cover the costs of operating the Fund.
Daily Liquid Assets — include (i) cash; (ii) direct obligations of the U.S. Government; (iii) securities that will mature, as determined without reference to the maturity shortening provisions of Rule 2a-7 regarding interest rate readjustments, or are subject to a demand feature that is exercisable and payable within one business day; and (iv) amounts receivable and due unconditionally within one business day on pending sales of portfolio securities.
Dollar-Weighted Average Life — the dollar-weighted average maturity of the Fund’s portfolio calculated without reference to the exceptions used for variable or floating rate securities regarding the use of interest rate reset dates in lieu of the security’s actual maturity date. “Dollar-weighted” means the larger the dollar value of a debt security based on its market value in the Fund, the more weight it gets in calculating this average.
Dollar-Weighted Average Maturity — the average maturity of the Fund is the average amount of time until the organizations that issued the debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio must pay off the principal amount of the debt. “Dollar-weighted” means the larger the dollar value of a debt security based on its market value in the Fund, the more weight it gets in calculating this average. To calculate the dollar-weighted average maturity, the Fund may treat a variable or floating rate security as having a maturity equal to the time remaining to the security’s next interest rate reset date or the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand rather than the security’s actual maturity.
Eligible Securities — Applicable Eligible Securities include:
◼
securities with a remaining maturity of 397 calendar days or less (with certain exceptions) that BlackRock determines present minimal credit risks to the Fund after considering certain factors;
◼
securities issued by other registered investment companies that are money market funds; or
◼
securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.
Interest Expense — the cost of borrowing money to buy additional securities, primarily through reverse repurchase agreements (under which the Fund sells securities and agrees to buy them back at a particular date and price).
Management Fee — a fee paid to BlackRock for managing the Fund.
Other Expenses — includes accounting, administration, transfer agency, custody, professional and registration fees.
Weekly Liquid Assets — include (i) cash; (ii) direct obligations of the U.S. Government; (iii) U.S. Government securities issued by a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an instrumentality of the U.S. Government pursuant to authority granted by the U.S. Congress, that are issued at a discount to the principal amount to be repaid at maturity without provision for the payment of interest and have a remaining maturity of 60 days or less; (iv) securities that will mature, as determined without reference to the maturity shortening provisions of Rule 2a-7 regarding interest rate readjustments, or are subject to a demand feature that is exercisable and payable within five business days; and (v) amounts receivable and due unconditionally within five business days on pending sales of portfolio securities.
32
 
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For More Information
Fund and Service Providers
FUND
BlackRock FundsSM
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
100 Bellevue Parkway
Wilmington, Delaware 19809
Written Correspondence:
P.O. Box 534429
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15253-4429
Overnight Mail:
Attention: 534429
500 Ross Street 154-0520
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15262
(800) 441-7762
MANAGER
BlackRock Advisors, LLC
100 Bellevue Parkway
Wilmington, Delaware 19809
SUB-ADVISER
BlackRock International Limited
Exchange Place One
1 Semple Street
Edinburgh, EH3 8BL
United Kingdom
TRANSFER AGENT
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc.
301 Bellevue Parkway
Wilmington, Delaware 19809
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Deloitte & Touche LLP
115 Federal Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
ACCOUNTING SERVICES PROVIDER
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11
New York, New York 10179
DISTRIBUTOR
BlackRock Investments, LLC
50 Hudson Yards
New York, New York 10001
CUSTODIANS
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11
New York, New York 10179
The Bank of New York Mellon
240 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10286
COUNSEL
Sidley Austin LLP
787 Seventh Avenue
New York, New York 10019
Additional Information
For more information:
This prospectus contains important information you should know before investing, including information about risks. Please read it before you invest and keep it for future reference. More information about the Fund is available at no charge upon request. This information includes:
Annual/Semi-Annual Reports and Form N-CSR
The Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports and Form N-CSR contain additional information about the Fund’s investments. The annual report describes the Fund’s performance, lists portfolio holdings, and discusses recent market conditions, economic trends and Fund investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance for the last fiscal year. In Form N-CSR, you will find the Fund’s financial statements.
Statement of Additional Information
A Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), dated July 29, 2025, has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The SAI, which includes additional information about the Fund, may be obtained free of charge, along with the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports and other information such as Fund financial statements, by calling (800) 441-7762. The SAI, as amended and/or supplemented from time to time, is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
BlackRock Investor Services
Representatives are available to discuss account balance information, mutual fund prospectuses, literature, programs and services available. Hours: 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (Eastern time), on any business day. Call: (800) 441-7762.
Purchases and Redemptions
Call your Financial Intermediary.
World Wide Web
General Fund information and specific Fund performance, including the SAI, annual/semi-annual reports and other information such as Fund financial statements, can be accessed free of charge at www.blackrock.com/prospectus/cash. Mutual fund prospectuses and literature can also be requested via this website.
Written Correspondence
BlackRock FundsSM
P.O. Box 534429
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15253-4429
Overnight Mail
BlackRock FundsSM
Attention: 534429
500 Ross Street 154-0520
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15262
Internal Wholesalers/Broker Dealer Support
Available on any business day to support investment professionals. Call: (800) 882-0052.
Portfolio Characteristics and Holdings
A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures related to disclosure of portfolio characteristics and holdings is available in the SAI.
For information about portfolio holdings and characteristics, BlackRock fund shareholders and prospective investors may call (800) 882-0052.
Securities and Exchange Commission
You may also view and copy public information about the Fund, including the SAI, by visiting the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov). Copies of this information can be obtained, for a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No one is authorized to provide you with information that is different from information contained in this prospectus.
The SEC has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT FILE # 811-05742
 
PRO-WELEAF-PRM-0725

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
BlackRock FundsSM
BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
100 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, Delaware 19809 • Phone No. (800) 441-7762
 
This Statement of Additional Information of BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund (the “Fund”), a series of BlackRock FundsSM (the “Trust”), is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectuses of the Fund, dated July 29, 2025, as they may be amended or supplemented from time to time (the “Prospectus”), which has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission” or the “SEC”) and can be obtained, without charge, by calling (800) 441-7762 or by writing to the Fund at the above address. The Prospectus is incorporated by reference into this Statement of Additional Information, and Part I of this Statement of Additional Information and the portions of Part II of this Statement of Additional Information that relate to the Fund have been incorporated by reference into the Fund’s Prospectus. The portions of Part II of this Statement of Additional Information that do not relate to the Fund do not form a part of the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information, have not been incorporated by reference into the Fund’s Prospectus and should not be relied upon by investors in the Fund. The audited financial statements of the Fund are incorporated into this Statement of Additional Information by reference to the Fund’s Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information (the “Annual Financial Statements”) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on Form N-CSR (the “2025 Annual Financial Statements”). You may request a copy of the 2025 Annual Financial Statements at no charge by calling (800) 441-7762 between 8:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. Eastern time on any business day.
References to the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act” or the “1940 Act”), or other applicable law, will include any rules promulgated thereunder and any guidance, interpretations or modifications by the Commission, Commission staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, including court interpretations, and exemptive, no-action or other relief or permission from the Commission, Commission staff or other authority. 
Class
Ticker Symbol
Investor A Shares
PINXX
Investor C Shares
BMCXX
Institutional Shares
PNIXX
Service Shares
PNPXX
Premier Shares
BMMXX
 
BlackRock Advisors, LLC — Manager
BlackRock Investments, LLC — Distributor
The date of this Statement of Additional Information is July 29, 2025.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
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PART I: INFORMATION ABOUT BLACKROCK WEALTH LIQUID ENVIRONMENTALLY AWARE FUND
Part I of this Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) sets forth information about BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund (the “Fund”), a series of BlackRock FundsSM (the “Trust”). It includes information about the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”), the advisory and management services provided to and the management fees paid by the Fund and information about other fees applicable to and services provided to the Fund. This Part I of this SAI should be read in conjunction with the Fund’s Prospectus and those portions of Part II of this SAI that pertain to the Fund.
The Fund is a retail money market fund under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), which means it has policies and procedures reasonably designed to limit all beneficial owners of the Fund to natural persons.
I. Investment Objective and Policies
Please see the section “Details About the Fund — How the Fund Invests” in the Fund’s Prospectus for information about the Fund’s investment objective and policies. Additional information regarding the Fund’s investment objective and policies is included below.
The Fund’s manager is BlackRock Advisors, LLC (“BlackRock” or the “Manager”).
Additional Information on Investment Strategies
All securities acquired by the Fund will be determined at the time of purchase by BlackRock, under guidelines established by the Board, to be “Eligible Securities” as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“Commission”). An “Eligible Security” is a security:
1. With a remaining maturity of 397 calendar days or less (with certain exceptions) that BlackRock determines presents minimal credit risks to the Fund after considering certain factors, which must include an analysis of the capacity of the security’s issuer or guarantor to meet its financial obligations, which analysis must include, to the extent appropriate, consideration of the following factors with respect to the security’s issuer or guarantor:
●
Financial condition;
●
Sources of liquidity;
●
Ability to react to future market-wide and issuer- or guarantor-specific events, including ability to repay debt in a highly adverse situation; and
●
Strength of the issuer’s or guarantor’s industry within the economy and relative to economic trends, and issuer’s or guarantor’s competitive position within its industry;
2. That is issued by a registered investment company that is a money market fund; or
3. That issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.
***
Set forth below is a listing of some of the types of investments and investment strategies that the Fund may use, and the risks and considerations associated with those investments and investment strategies. Please see Part II of this SAI for further information on these investments and investment strategies. Information contained in Part II about the risks and considerations associated with investments and/or investment strategies applies only to the extent the Fund makes each type of investment or uses each investment strategy. Also set forth below is a listing of the proxy voting policy and related guidelines applicable to the Fund. Please see “Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures” in Part II of this SAI for further information about these policies. A copy of each policy is included in Appendix B. Information that does not apply to the Fund does not form a part of the Fund’s SAI and should not be relied on by investors in the Fund.
Information that does not apply to the Fund does not form a part of the Fund’s SAI and should not be relied on by investors in the Fund. Only information that is clearly identified as applicable to the Fund is considered to form a part of the Fund’s SAI. 
 
Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
Bank Money Instruments
X
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Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund
Commercial Paper and Other Short Term Obligations
X
Cyber Security Issues
X
Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) Integration
X
Foreign Bank Money Instruments
X
Foreign Short Term Debt Instruments
X
Forward Commitments
X
Illiquid Investments
X
Inflation Risk
X
Investment in Other Investment Companies
X
Issuer Insolvency Risk
Municipal Investments
X
Municipal Securities
X
Municipal Securities — Derivative Products
X
Municipal Notes
X
Municipal Commercial Paper
X
Municipal Lease Obligations
X
Municipal Securities — Short-Term Maturity Standards
X
Municipal Securities — Quality Standards
X
Municipal Securities — Other Factors
X
Variable Rate Demand Obligations (“VRDOs”)
X
Negative Interest Rate Scenarios
X
Proxy Voting Policies
X
Open-End Active and Fixed Income Index Fund Proxy Voting Policy
X
BlackRock Active Investment Stewardship Climate and Decarbonization
Stewardship Guidelines
Index Equity Fund Proxy Voting Policy
BlackRock Investment Stewardship Climate and Decarbonization Stewardship
Guidelines
Purchase of Securities with Fixed Price “Puts”
X
Recent Market Events
X
Repurchase Agreements and Purchase and Sale Contracts
X
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
X
Rule 2a-7 Requirements
X
Securities Lending
X
Structured Notes
Taxable Money Market Securities
X
U.S. Government Obligations
X
Variable and Floating Rate Instruments
X
When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments
X
 
Regulation Regarding Derivatives. The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) subjects advisers to registered investment companies to regulation by the CFTC if a fund that is advised by the investment adviser either (i) invests, directly or indirectly, more than a prescribed level of its liquidation value in CFTC-regulated futures, options and swaps (“CFTC Derivatives”), or (ii) markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. To the extent the Fund uses CFTC Derivatives, it intends to do so below such prescribed levels and will not market itself as
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a “commodity pool” or a vehicle for trading such instruments. Accordingly, BlackRock has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) pursuant to Rule 4.5 under the CEA. BlackRock is not, therefore, subject to registration or regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the CEA in respect of the Fund.
II. Investment Restrictions
The Fund has adopted restrictions and policies relating to the investment of the Fund’s assets and its activities. Certain of the restrictions are fundamental policies of the Fund and may not be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (which for this purpose and under the Investment Company Act means the lesser of (i) 67% of the shares represented at a meeting at which more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares).
Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the Fund:
1. The Fund may not purchase securities of any one issuer (other than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or certificates of deposit for any such securities) if more than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets (taken at current value) would be invested in the securities of such issuer, or more than 10% of the issuer’s outstanding voting securities would be owned by the Fund or the Trust, except that up to 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets (taken at current value) may be invested without regard to these limitations. For purposes of this limitation, a security is considered to be issued by the entity (or entities) whose assets and revenues back the security. A guarantee of a security is not deemed to be a security issued by the guarantor when the value of all securities issued and guaranteed by the guarantor, and owned by the Fund, does not exceed 10% of the value of the Fund’s total assets.
2. The Fund may not borrow money or issue senior securities, except that the Fund may borrow from banks and enter into reverse repurchase agreements for temporary purposes in amounts up to one-third of the value of its total assets at the time of such borrowing; or mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any assets, except in connection with any such borrowing and then in amounts not in excess of one-third of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the time of such borrowing. The Fund will not purchase securities while its aggregate borrowings (including reverse repurchase agreements and borrowings from banks) in excess of 5% of its total assets are outstanding. Securities held in escrow or separate accounts in connection with the Fund’s investment practices are not deemed to be pledged for purposes of this limitation.
3. The Fund may not purchase any securities which would cause, at the time of purchase, less than 25% of the value of its total assets to be invested in the obligations of issuers in the financial services industry, or in obligations, such as repurchase agreements, secured by such obligations (unless the Fund is in a temporary defensive position) or which would cause, at the time of purchase, more than 25% of the value of its total assets to be invested in the obligations of issuers in any other industry. In applying the investment limitations stated in this paragraph, (i) there is no limitation with respect to the purchase of (a) instruments issued (as defined in Investment Limitation number 1 above) or guaranteed by the United States, any state, territory or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia or any of their authorities, agencies, instrumentalities or political subdivisions, (b) instruments issued by domestic banks (which may include U.S. branches of non-U.S. banks) and (c) repurchase agreements secured by the instruments described in clauses (a) and (b); (ii) wholly-owned finance companies will be considered to be in the industries of their parents if their activities are primarily related to financing the activities of the parents; and (iii) utilities will be divided according to their services, for example, gas, gas transmission, electric and gas, electric and telephone will each be considered a separate industry.
4. The Fund may not:
a. purchase or sell real estate, except that the Fund may purchase securities of issuers which deal in real estate and may purchase securities which are secured by interests in real estate;
b. acquire any other investment company or investment company security except in connection with a merger, consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of assets or where otherwise permitted by the Investment Company Act;
c. act as an underwriter of securities within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 except to the extent that the purchase of obligations directly from the issuer thereof, or the disposition of securities, in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective, policies and limitations may be deemed to be underwriting;
d. write or sell put options, call options, straddles, spreads, or any combination thereof, except for transactions in options on securities and securities indices, futures contracts and options on futures contracts;
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e. purchase securities of companies for the purpose of exercising control;
f. purchase securities on margin, make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, except that (i) this investment limitation shall not apply to the Fund’s transactions in futures contracts and related options or the Fund’s sale of securities short against the box, and (ii) the Fund may obtain short-term credit as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of portfolio securities;
g. purchase or sell commodity contracts, or invest in oil, gas or mineral exploration or development programs, except that the Fund may, to the extent appropriate to its investment policies, purchase securities, including publicly traded securities, of companies engaging in whole or in part in such activities and may enter into futures contracts and related options;
h. make loans, except that the Fund may purchase and hold debt instruments and enter into repurchase agreements in accordance with its investment objective and policies and may lend portfolio securities. See “Investment Objectives and Policies” above; or
i. purchase or sell commodities except that the Fund may, to the extent appropriate to its investment policies, purchase securities of companies engaging in whole or in part in such activities, may engage in currency transactions and may enter into futures contracts and related options.
Although the foregoing investment limitations would permit the Fund to invest in options, futures contracts and options on futures contracts, and to sell securities short against the box, the Fund does not currently intend to trade in such instruments or engage in such transactions during the next twelve months (except to the extent a portfolio security may be subject to a “demand feature” or “put” as permitted under Commission regulations for money market funds). Prior to making any such investments, the Fund would notify its shareholders and add appropriate descriptions concerning the instruments and transactions to its Prospectus.
For purposes of investment restriction 3 above, with respect to the Fund’s industry classifications, the Fund currently utilizes any one or more of the industry sub-classifications used by one or more widely recognized market indexes or rating group indexes, and/or as defined by Fund management. The policy also will be interpreted to give broad authority to the Fund as to how to classify issuers within or among industries.
Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the Fund:
Under its non-fundamental investment restriction, which may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval, the Fund may not:
a. Purchase securities of other investment companies, except to the extent permitted by the Investment Company Act. As a matter of policy, however, the Fund will not purchase shares of any registered open-end investment company or registered unit investment trust, in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(F) or (G) (the “fund of funds” provisions) of the Investment Company Act, at any time the Fund has knowledge that its shares are purchased by another investment company investor in reliance on the provisions of subparagraph (G) of Section 12(d)(1).
Unless otherwise indicated, all limitations under the Fund’s fundamental or non-fundamental investment restrictions apply only at the time that a transaction is undertaken. Any change in the percentage of the Fund’s assets invested in certain securities or other instruments resulting from market fluctuations or other changes in the Fund’s total assets will not require the Fund to dispose of an investment until the Manager determines that it is practicable to sell or close out the investment without undue market or tax consequences.
III. Information on Trustees and Officers
The Board consists of thirteen individuals (each, a “Trustee”), eleven of whom are not “interested persons” of the Trust as defined in the Investment Company Act (the “Independent Trustees”). The registered investment companies advised by the Manager or its affiliates (the “BlackRock-advised Funds”) are organized into the BlackRock Multi-Asset Complex, the BlackRock Fixed-Income Complex, and the iShares Complex (each, a “BlackRock Fund Complex”). The Trust is included in the BlackRock Fund Complex referred to as the BlackRock Multi-Asset Complex. The Trustees also oversee as board members the operations of the other open-end registered investment companies included in the BlackRock Multi-Asset Complex.
The Board has overall responsibility for the oversight of the Trust and the Fund. The Chair of the Board is an Independent Trustee, and the Chair of each Board committee (each, a “Committee”) is an Independent Trustee. The Board has five standing Committees: an Audit Committee, a Governance and Nominating Committee, a Compliance Committee, a Performance Oversight Committee and an Ad Hoc Topics Committee. The role of the Chair of the Board
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is to preside at all meetings of the Board and to act as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys and other Trustees generally between meetings. The Chair of each Committee performs a similar role with respect to the Committee. The Chair of the Board or the Chair of a Committee may also perform such other functions as may be delegated by the Board or the Committee from time to time. The Independent Trustees meet regularly outside the presence of Fund management, in executive session or with other service providers to the Fund. The Board has regular meetings five times a year, and may hold special meetings if required before its next regular meeting. Each Committee meets regularly to conduct the oversight functions delegated to that Committee by the Board and reports its findings to the Board. The Board and each standing Committee conduct annual assessments of their oversight function and structure. The Board has determined that the Board’s leadership structure is appropriate because it allows the Board to exercise independent judgment over management and to allocate areas of responsibility among Committees and the full Board to enhance effective oversight.
The Board has engaged the Manager to manage the Fund on a day-to-day basis. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Manager, other service providers, the operations of the Fund and associated risks in accordance with the provisions of the Investment Company Act, state law, other applicable laws, the Trust’s charter, and the Fund’s investment objective and strategies. The Board reviews, on an ongoing basis, the Fund’s performance, operations and investment strategies and techniques. The Board also conducts reviews of the Manager and its role in running the operations of the Fund.
Day-to-day risk management with respect to the Fund is the responsibility of the Manager or of sub-advisers or other service providers (depending on the nature of the risk), subject to the supervision of the Manager. The Fund is subject to a number of risks, including investment, compliance, operational and valuation risks, among others. While there are a number of risk management functions performed by the Manager and the sub-advisers or other service providers, as applicable, it is not possible to eliminate all of the risks applicable to the Fund. Risk oversight forms part of the Board’s general oversight of the Fund and is addressed as part of various Board and Committee activities. The Board, directly or through a Committee, also reviews reports from, among others, management, the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund, sub-advisers and internal auditors for the investment adviser or its affiliates, as appropriate, regarding risks faced by the Fund and management’s or the service provider’s risk functions. The Committee system facilitates the timely and efficient consideration of matters by the Trustees, and facilitates effective oversight of compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and of the Fund’s activities and associated risks. The Board has appointed a Chief Compliance Officer, who oversees the implementation and testing of the Trust’s compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Fund and its service providers. The Independent Trustees have engaged independent legal counsel to assist them in performing their oversight responsibilities.
Audit Committee. The members of the Audit Committee (the “Audit Committee”) are Henry R. Keizer (Chair), Neil A. Cotty, Lori Richards, Kenneth L. Urish and Claire A. Walton, all of whom are Independent Trustees. The principal responsibilities of the Audit Committee are to approve, and recommend to the full Board for approval, the selection, retention, termination and compensation of the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm (the “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm”) and to oversee the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s work. The Audit Committee’s responsibilities include, without limitation, to (1) evaluate the qualifications and independence of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm; (2) approve all audit engagement terms and fees for the Fund; (3) review the conduct and results of each independent audit of the Fund’s annual financial statements; (4) review any issues raised by the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm or Fund management regarding the accounting or financial reporting policies and practices of the Fund and the internal controls of the Fund and certain service providers; (5) oversee the performance of the Fund’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm; (6) review and discuss with management and the Fund’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm the performance and findings of the Fund’s internal auditors; (7) discuss with Fund management its policies regarding risk assessment and risk management as such matters relate to the Fund’s financial reporting and controls; (8) resolve any disagreements between Fund management and the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm regarding financial reporting; and (9) undertake such other duties and responsibilities as may from time to time be delegated by the Board to the Audit Committee. The Board has adopted a written charter for the Audit Committee. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, the Audit Committee met four times.
Governance and Nominating Committee. The members of the Governance and Nominating Committee (the “Governance Committee”) are Cynthia A. Montgomery (Chair), Christopher J. Ailman, Susan J. Carter, Collette Chilton and Henry R. Keizer, all of whom are Independent Trustees. The principal responsibilities of the Governance Committee are to (1) identify individuals qualified to serve as Independent Trustees of the Trust and recommend Independent Trustee nominees for election by shareholders or appointment by the Board; (2) advise the Board with respect to Board composition, procedures and committees (other than the Audit Committee); (3) oversee periodic
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self-assessments of the Board and committees of the Board (other than the Audit Committee); (4) review and make recommendations regarding Independent Trustee compensation; (5) monitor corporate governance matters and develop appropriate recommendations to the Board; (6) act as the administrative committee with respect to Board policies and procedures, committee policies and procedures (other than the Audit Committee) and codes of ethics as they relate to Independent Trustees; and (7) undertake such other duties and responsibilities as may from time to time be delegated by the Board to the Governance Committee. The Governance Committee may consider nominations for Trustees made by the Fund’s shareholders as it deems appropriate. Under the Trust’s Amended and Restated Code of Regulations (“Bylaws”), shareholders must follow certain procedures to nominate a person for election as a Trustee at a shareholder meeting at which Trustees are to be elected. Under these advance notice procedures, notice of the proposed nominee to the Secretary of the Trust must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Trust not later than the close of business on the fifth day following the day on which notice of the date of the meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the meeting was made, whichever first occurs. The Trust’s Bylaws provide that notice of a proposed nomination must include certain information about the shareholder and the nominee, as well as certain other information, including a written consent of the proposed nominee to serve if elected. Reference is made to the Trust’s Bylaws for more details. The Board has adopted a written charter for the Governance Committee. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, the Governance Committee met four times.
Compliance Committee. The members of the Compliance Committee (the “Compliance Committee”) are Claire A. Walton (Chair), Cynthia A. Montgomery, Donald C. Opatrny, Lori Richards and Kenneth L. Urish, all of whom are Independent Trustees. The Compliance Committee’s purpose is to assist the Board in fulfilling its responsibility to oversee regulatory and fiduciary compliance matters involving the Trust, the fund-related activities of BlackRock and any sub-adviser and the Trust’s third-party service providers. The Compliance Committee’s responsibilities include, without limitation, to (1) oversee the compliance policies and procedures of the Trust and its service providers and recommend changes or additions to such policies and procedures; (2) review information on and, where appropriate, recommend policies concerning the Trust’s compliance with applicable law; (3) review reports from, oversee the annual performance review of, and make certain recommendations and determinations regarding the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer (the “CCO”), including determining the amount and structure of the CCO’s compensation and recommending such amount and structure to the full Board for approval and ratification; and (4) undertake such other duties and responsibilities as may from time to time be delegated by the Board to the Compliance Committee. The Board has adopted a written charter for the Compliance Committee. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, the Compliance Committee met four times.
Performance Oversight Committee. The members of the Performance Oversight Committee (the “Performance Oversight Committee”) are Donald C. Opatrny (Chair), Christopher J. Ailman, Susan J. Carter, Collette Chilton and Neil A. Cotty, all of whom are Independent Trustees. The Performance Oversight Committee’s purpose is to assist the Board in fulfilling its responsibility to oversee the Fund’s investment performance relative to its agreed-upon performance objectives and to assist the Independent Trustees in their consideration of investment advisory agreements. The Performance Oversight Committee’s responsibilities include, without limitation, to (1) review information on, and make recommendations to the full Board in respect of, the Fund’s investment objective, policies and practices; (2) review information on the Fund’s investment performance; (3) review information on appropriate benchmarks and competitive universes and unusual or exceptional investment matters; (4) review personnel and other resources devoted to management of the Fund and evaluate the nature and quality of information furnished to the Performance Oversight Committee; (5) recommend any required action regarding changes in fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and restrictions, fund mergers or liquidations; (6) request and review information on the nature, extent and quality of services provided to the shareholders; (7) make recommendations to the Board concerning the approval or renewal of investment advisory agreements; and (8) undertake such other duties and responsibilities as may from time to time be delegated by the Board to the Performance Oversight Committee. The Board has adopted a written charter for the Performance Oversight Committee. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, the Performance Oversight Committee met five times.
Ad Hoc Topics Committee. The members of the Ad Hoc Topics Committee (the “Ad Hoc Topics Committee”) are Mark Stalnecker (Chair) and Claire A. Walton, both of whom are Independent Trustees, and John M. Perlowski, who serves as an interested Trustee. The principal responsibilities of the Ad Hoc Topics Committee are to (1) act on routine matters between meetings of the Board; (2) act on such matters as may require urgent action between meetings of the Board; and (3) exercise such other authority as may from time to time be delegated to the Ad Hoc Topics Committee by the Board. The Board has adopted a written charter for the Ad Hoc Topics Committee. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, the Ad Hoc Topics Committee did not meet.
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The Governance Committee has adopted a statement of policy that describes the experience, qualifications, skills and attributes that are necessary and desirable for potential Independent Trustee candidates (the “Statement of Policy”). The Board believes that each Independent Trustee satisfied, at the time he or she was initially elected or appointed a Trustee, and continues to satisfy, the standards contemplated by the Statement of Policy. Furthermore, in determining that a particular Independent Trustee was and continues to be qualified to serve as a Trustee, the Board has considered a variety of criteria, none of which, in isolation, was controlling. The Board believes that, collectively, the Independent Trustees have balanced and diverse experience, skills, attributes and qualifications, which allow the Board to operate effectively in governing the Trust and protecting the interests of shareholders. Among the attributes common to all Independent Trustees are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the Fund’s investment adviser, sub-advisers, other service providers, counsel and the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, and to exercise effective business judgment in the performance of their duties as Trustees.
Each Trustee’s ability to perform his or her duties effectively is evidenced by his or her educational background or professional training; business, consulting, public service or academic positions; experience from service as a board member of the Trust and the other funds in the BlackRock Fund Complexes (and any predecessor funds), other investment funds, public companies, non-profit entities or other organizations; ongoing commitment to and participation in Board and Committee meetings, as well as his or her leadership of standing and ad hoc committees throughout the years; or other relevant life experiences.
The table below discusses some of the experiences, qualifications and skills of each of the Trustees that support the conclusion that each Trustee should serve on the Board. 
Trustees
Experience, Qualifications and Skills
Independent Trustees
 
Christopher J. Ailman
Christopher Ailman has more than 30 years of experience in the financial services
industry, including most recently serving as Chief Investment Officer of the California
State Teachers Retirement System (CalSTRS) from 2000 to June 2024 where he led its
investment program. Mr. Ailman currently is a principal at Ailman Advisers. In addition, he
has held various roles in the industry, including as member and chair of the asset owner
committee of the Kroner Center for Financial Research, chairman of the North American
Chapter of the 300 Club of Global CIOs, and co-chair of the Milken Global Capital Markets
Advisory Council. These positions have provided Mr. Ailman with considerable investment
expertise across asset classes and strategies, and insight and perspective on the
markets and the economy. In addition, Mr. Ailman serves as a member of the Governance
Committee and the Performance Oversight Committee.
Susan J. Carter
Susan J. Carter has over 35 years of experience in investment management. She has
served as President & Chief Executive Officer of Commonfund Capital, Inc. (“CCI”), a
registered investment adviser focused on non-profit investors, from 1997 to 2013, Chief
Executive Officer of CCI from 2013 to 2014 and Senior Advisor to CCI in 2015.
Ms. Carter also served as director of the Pacific Pension Institute from 2014 to 2018,
trustee to the Financial Accounting Foundation from 2017 to 2021, Advisory Board
Member for the Center for Private Equity and Entrepreneurship at Tuck School of Business
from 1997 to 2021, Advisory Board Member for Bridges Fund Management from 2016 to
2018, Advisory Board Member for Girls Who Invest from 2015 to 2018 and Board
Member thereof from 2018 to 2022, and Practitioner Advisory Board Member for Private
Capital Research Institute (“PCRI”) from 2017 to 2024. She currently serves as Member
of the President’s Counsel for Commonfund. These positions have provided her with
insight and perspective on the markets and the economy.
Collette Chilton
Collette Chilton has over 20 years of experience in investment management. She held the
position of Chief Investment Officer of Williams College from October 2006 to June 2023.
Prior to that she was President and Chief Investment Officer of Lucent Asset Management
Corporation, where she oversaw approximately $40 billion in pension and retirement
savings assets for the company. These positions have provided her with insight and
perspective on the markets and the economy.
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Trustees
Experience, Qualifications and Skills
Neil A. Cotty
Neil A. Cotty has more than 30 years of experience in the financial services industry,
including 19 years at Bank of America Corporation and its affiliates, where he served, at
different times, as the Chief Financial Officer of various businesses including Investment
Banking, Global Markets, Wealth Management and Consumer and also served ten years
as the Chief Accounting Officer for Bank of America Corporation. Mr. Cotty has been
determined by the Audit Committee to be an audit committee financial expert, as such
term is defined in the applicable Commission rules.
Henry R. Keizer
Henry R. Keizer brings over 40 years of executive, financial, operational, strategic and
global expertise gained through his 35 year career at KPMG, a global professional
services organization and by his service as a director to both publicly and privately held
organizations. He has extensive experience with issues facing complex, global companies
and expertise in financial reporting, accounting, auditing, risk management, and
regulatory affairs for such companies. Mr. Keizer’s experience also includes service as an
audit committee chair to both publicly and privately held organizations across numerous
industries including professional services, property and casualty reinsurance, insurance,
diversified financial services, banking, direct to consumer, business to business and
technology. Mr. Keizer is a certified public accountant and also served on the board of the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Keizer has been determined by the
Audit Committee to be an audit committee financial expert, as such term is defined in the
applicable Commission rules.
Cynthia A. Montgomery
Cynthia A. Montgomery has served for over 20 years on the boards of registered
investment companies, most recently as a member of the boards of certain BlackRock-
advised Funds and predecessor funds, including the legacy Merrill Lynch Investment
Managers, L.P. (“MLIM”) funds. The Board benefits from Ms. Montgomery’s more than 20
years of academic experience as a professor at Harvard Business School where she
taught courses on corporate strategy and corporate governance. Ms. Montgomery also
has business management and corporate governance experience through her service on
the corporate boards of a variety of public companies. She has also authored numerous
articles and books on these topics.
Donald C. Opatrny
Donald C. Opatrny has more than 40 years of business, oversight and executive
experience, including through his service as president, director and investment committee
chair for academic and not-for-profit organizations, and his experience as a partner,
managing director and advisory director at Goldman Sachs for 32 years. He also has
investment management experience as a board member of Athena Capital Advisors LLC.
I-8
Trustees
Experience, Qualifications and Skills
Lori Richards
Lori Richards has more than 30 years of experience in the financial services industry,
most notably as the first Director of the Office of Compliance Inspections and
Examinations (“OCIE”) of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) from 1995 to
2009. During 14 years as the Director of OCIE, she led the SEC’s nationwide examination
oversight program for advisers, mutual funds, hedge funds, broker-dealers, stock
exchanges, and other industry firms. Prior to that, from 1985 to 1995, she held various
roles at the SEC, including Associate Director for Enforcement for the SEC’s Pacific
Regional Office and executive assistant and senior advisor to then SEC Chairman Arthur
Levitt. More recently, Ms. Richards served as Chief Compliance Officer of the Asset and
Wealth Management global lines of business at JPMorgan Chase & Co. from 2013 to
2018 where she led its global compliance program, advised business leaders on
compliance issues, oversaw risk assessment, monitoring, testing and training, and
maintained relationships with regulators. In addition, Ms. Richards served as a member
of the National Adjudicatory Council of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
(“FINRA”) from 2019 to 2022 and held the chair and vice chair posts during her tenure.
Prior thereto, from 2010 to 2013, she was a Principal at PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
(“PwC”) and co-leader of its Asset Management Regulatory group. At PwC, she assisted a
broad range of financial services clients in designing and implementing risk management
and compliance programs, and preparing for new regulatory expectations. These positions
have provided her with insight and perspective on the markets and the economy, as well
as asset management regulation and compliance. In addition, Ms. Richards serves as a
member of the Audit Committee and the Compliance Committee.
Mark Stalnecker
Mark Stalnecker has gained a wealth of experience in investing and asset management
from his over 13 years of service as the Chief Investment Officer of the University of
Delaware as well as from his various positions with First Union Corporation, including
Senior Vice President and State Investment Director of First Investment Advisors. The
Board benefits from his experience and perspective as the Chief Investment Officer of a
university endowment and from the oversight experience he gained from service on
various private and non-profit boards.
Kenneth L. Urish
Kenneth L. Urish has served for over 15 years on the boards of registered investment
companies, most recently as a member of the boards of certain BlackRock-advised Funds
and predecessor funds, including the legacy BlackRock funds. He has over 30 years of
experience in public accounting. Mr. Urish has served as a managing member of an
accounting and consulting firm. Mr. Urish has been determined by the Audit Committee to
be an audit committee financial expert, as such term is defined in the applicable
Commission rules.
Claire A. Walton
Claire A. Walton has over 25 years of experience in investment management. She has
served as the Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Liberty Square Asset
Management, LP from 1998 to 2015, an investment manager that specialized in long/
short non-U.S. equity investments, and was an owner and General Partner of Neon Liberty
Capital Management, LLC from 2003 to 2023, a firm focusing on long/short equities in
global emerging and frontier markets. These positions have provided her with insight and
perspective on the markets and the economy.
I-9
Trustees
Experience, Qualifications and Skills
Interested Trustees
 
Robert Fairbairn
Robert Fairbairn has more than 25 years of experience with BlackRock, Inc. and over 30
years of experience in finance and asset management. In particular, Mr. Fairbairn’s
positions as Vice Chairman of BlackRock, Inc., Member of BlackRock’s Global Executive
and Global Operating Committees and Co-Chair of BlackRock’s Human Capital Committee
provide the Board with a wealth of practical business knowledge and leadership. In
addition, Mr. Fairbairn has global investment management and oversight experience
through his former positions as Global Head of BlackRock’s Retail and iShares®
businesses, Head of BlackRock’s Global Client Group, Chairman of BlackRock’s
international businesses and his previous oversight over BlackRock’s Strategic Partner
Program and Strategic Product Management Group. Mr. Fairbairn also serves as a board
member for the funds in the BlackRock Fixed-Income Complex.
John M. Perlowski
John M. Perlowski’s experience as Managing Director of BlackRock, Inc. since 2009, as
the Head of BlackRock Global Accounting and Product Services since 2009, and as
President and Chief Executive Officer of the BlackRock-advised Funds provides him with a
strong understanding of the BlackRock-advised Funds, their operations, and the business
and regulatory issues facing the BlackRock-advised Funds. Mr. Perlowski’s prior position
as Managing Director and Chief Operating Officer of the Global Product Group at Goldman
Sachs Asset Management, and his former service as Treasurer and Senior Vice President
of the Goldman Sachs Mutual Funds and as Director of the Goldman Sachs Offshore
Funds provides the Board with the benefit of his experience with the management
practices of other financial companies. Mr. Perlowski also serves as a board member for
the funds in the BlackRock Fixed-Income Complex.
 
Biographical Information
Certain biographical and other information relating to the Trustees of the Trust is set forth below, including their address and year of birth, principal occupations for at least the last five years, length of time served, total number of registered investment companies and investment portfolios overseen in the BlackRock-advised Funds and any currently held public company and other investment company directorships. 
Name
and Year of Birth1,2
Position(s)
Held
(Length of
Service)3
Principal Occupation(s)
During Past Five Years
Number of
BlackRock-
Advised
Registered
Investment
Companies
(“RICs”)
Consisting of
Investment
Portfolios
(“Portfolios”)
Overseen
Public
Company
and Other
Investment
Company
Directorships
Held During
Past Five Years
Independent Trustees
 
 
 
 
Mark Stalnecker
1951
Chair of the
Board
(Since 2019)
and
Trustee
(Since 2015)
Chief Investment Officer, University of
Delaware from 1999 to 2013; Trustee and
Chair of the Finance and Investment
Committees, Winterthur Museum and
Country Estate from 2005 to 2016; Member
of the Investment Committee, Delaware
Public Employees’ Retirement System from
2002 to 2024; Member of the Investment
Committee, Christiana Care Health System
from 2009 to 2017; Member of the
Investment Committee, Delaware Community
Foundation from 2013 to 2014; Director and
Chair of the Audit Committee, SEI Private
Trust Co. from 2001 to 2014.
28 RICs consisting of
170 Portfolios
None
Christopher J. Ailman
1958
Trustee
(Since 2024)
Principal, Ailman Advisers, since 2024; Chief
Investment Officer, California State Teachers
Retirement System (CalSTRS) from 2000 to
2024.
28 RICs consisting of
170 Portfolios
None
I-10
Name
and Year of Birth1,2
Position(s)
Held
(Length of
Service)3
Principal Occupation(s)
During Past Five Years
Number of
BlackRock-
Advised
Registered
Investment
Companies
(“RICs”)
Consisting of
Investment
Portfolios
(“Portfolios”)
Overseen
Public
Company
and Other
Investment
Company
Directorships
Held During
Past Five Years
Susan J. Carter
1956
Trustee
(Since 2016)
Trustee, Financial Accounting Foundation
from 2017 to 2021; Advisory Board
Member, Center for Private Equity and
Entrepreneurship at Tuck School of Business
from 1997 to 2021; Director, Pacific Pension
Institute from 2014 to 2018; Senior Advisor,
CCI (investment adviser) in 2015; Chief
Executive Officer, CCI from 2013 to 2014;
President & Chief Executive Officer, CCI from
1997 to 2013; Advisory Board Member,
Girls Who Invest from 2015 to 2018 and
Board Member thereof from 2018 to 2022;
Advisory Board Member, Bridges Fund
Management from 2016 to 2018;
Practitioner Advisory Board Member, PCRI
from 2017 to 2024; Lecturer in the Practice
of Management, Yale School of Management
since 2019; Advisor to Finance Committee,
Altman Foundation from 2020 to 2024;
Investment Committee Member, Tostan
since 2021; Member of the President’s
Counsel, Commonfund since 2023.
28 RICs consisting of
170 Portfolios
None
Collette Chilton
1958
Trustee
(Since 2015)
Trustee, UC Berkeley Foundation Board since
2024; Committee member, Oxford University
Endowment Management since 2024;
Senior advisor, Insignia since 2024; Chief
Investment Officer, Williams College from
2006 to 2023; Chief Investment Officer,
Lucent Asset Management Corporation from
1998 to 2006; Director, Boys and Girls Club
of Boston since 2017; Director, B1 Capital
since 2018; Director, David and Lucile
Packard Foundation since 2020.
28 RICs consisting of
170 Portfolios
None
Neil A. Cotty
1954
Trustee
(Since 2016)
Bank of America Corporation from 1996 to
2015, serving in various senior finance
leadership roles, including Chief Accounting
Officer from 2009 to 2015, Chief Financial
Officer of Global Banking, Markets and
Wealth Management from 2008 to 2009,
Chief Accounting Officer from 2004 to 2008,
Chief Financial Officer of Consumer Bank
from 2003 to 2004, Chief Financial Officer of
Global Corporate Investment Bank from
1999 to 2002.
28 RICs consisting of
170 Portfolios
None
Henry R. Keizer
1956
Trustee
(Since 2019)
Director, Park Indemnity Ltd. (captive insurer)
from 2010 to 2022.
28 RICs consisting of
170 Portfolios
GrafTech International
Ltd. (materials
manufacturing);
WABCO (commercial
vehicle safety
systems) from 2015
to 2020; Sealed Air
Corp. (packaging);
Hertz Global Holdings
(car rental) from 2015
to 2021.
Cynthia A. Montgomery
1952
Trustee
(Since 2007)
Professor, Harvard Business School since
1989.
28 RICs consisting of
170 Portfolios
None
I-11
Name
and Year of Birth1,2
Position(s)
Held
(Length of
Service)3
Principal Occupation(s)
During Past Five Years
Number of
BlackRock-
Advised
Registered
Investment
Companies
(“RICs”)
Consisting of
Investment
Portfolios
(“Portfolios”)
Overseen
Public
Company
and Other
Investment
Company
Directorships
Held During
Past Five Years
Donald C. Opatrny
1952
Trustee
(Since 2019)
Chair of the Board of Phoenix Art Museum
since 2022 and Trustee thereof since 2018;
Chair of the Investment Committee of The
Arizona Community Foundation since 2022
and Trustee thereof since 2020; Director,
Athena Capital Advisors LLC (investment
management firm) from 2013 to 2020;
Trustee, Vice Chair, Member of the Executive
Committee and Chair of the Investment
Committee, Cornell University from 2004 to
2019; Member of Affordable Housing Supply
Board of Jackson, Wyoming from 2017 to
2022; Member, Investment Funds
Committee, State of Wyoming from 2017 to
2023; Member of the Investment
Committee, Mellon Foundation from 2009 to
2015; President, Trustee and Member of the
Investment Committee, The Aldrich
Contemporary Art Museum from 2007 to
2014; Trustee and Chair of the Investment
Committee, Community Foundation of
Jackson Hole since 2014.
28 RICs consisting of
170 Portfolios
None
Lori Richards
1960
Trustee
(Since 2024)
Trustee, SEC Historical Society since 2018;
Trustee, Garrett College Foundation since
2019; Director, PharmaCann, Inc. from 2021
to 2024; Director, Wahed Invest from 2022
to 2024.
28 RICs consisting of
170 Portfolios
None
Kenneth L. Urish
1951
Trustee
(Since 2007)
Managing Partner, Urish Popeck & Co., LLC
(certified public accountants and
consultants) since 1976; Past-Chairman of
the Professional Ethics Committee of the
Pennsylvania Institute of Certified Public
Accountants and Committee Member thereof
since 2007; Member of External Advisory
Board, The Pennsylvania State University
Accounting Department since 2001,
Emeritus since 2022; Principal, UP Strategic
Wealth Investment Advisors, LLC since
2013; Trustee, The Holy Family Institute from
2001 to 2010; President and Trustee,
Pittsburgh Catholic Publishing Associates
from 2003 to 2008; Director, Inter-Tel from
2006 to 2007; Member, Advisory Board,
ESG Competent Boards since 2020.
28 RICs consisting of
170 Portfolios
None
Claire A. Walton
1957
Trustee
(Since 2016)
Director/Treasurer, Reading Community Trust
since 2024; Advisory Board Member,
Grossman School of Business at the
University of Vermont since 2023; Advisory
Board Member, Scientific Financial Systems
since 2022; General Partner of Neon Liberty
Capital Management, LLC from 2003 to
2023; Chief Operating Officer and Chief
Financial Officer of Liberty Square Asset
Management, LP from 1998 to 2015;
Director, Boston Hedge Fund Group from
2009 to 2018; Director, Massachusetts
Council on Economic Education from 2013
to 2015; Director, Woodstock Ski Runners
from 2013 to 2022.
28 RICs consisting of
170 Portfolios
None
I-12
Name
and Year of Birth1,2
Position(s)
Held
(Length of
Service)3
Principal Occupation(s)
During Past Five Years
Number of
BlackRock-
Advised
Registered
Investment
Companies
(“RICs”)
Consisting of
Investment
Portfolios
(“Portfolios”)
Overseen
Public
Company
and Other
Investment
Company
Directorships
Held During
Past Five Years
Interested Trustees4
 
 
 
 
Robert Fairbairn
1965
Trustee
(Since 2018)
Vice Chairman of BlackRock, Inc. since
2019; Member of BlackRock’s Global
Executive and Global Operating Committees;
Co-Chair of BlackRock’s Human Capital
Committee; Senior Managing Director of
BlackRock, Inc. from 2010 to 2019; oversaw
BlackRock’s Strategic Partner Program and
Strategic Product Management Group from
2012 to 2019; Member of the Board of
Managers of BlackRock Investments, LLC
from 2011 to 2018; Global Head of
BlackRock’s Retail and iShares® businesses
from 2012 to 2016.
94 RICs consisting of
271 Portfolios
None
John M. Perlowski5
1964
Trustee (Since
2015)
President and
Chief Executive
Officer
(Since 2010)
Managing Director of BlackRock, Inc. since
2009; Head of BlackRock Global Accounting
and Product Services since 2009; Advisory
Director of Family Resource Network
(charitable foundation) since 2009.
96 RICs consisting of
273 Portfolios
None
 
1
The address of each Trustee is c/o BlackRock, Inc., 50 Hudson Yards, New York, New York 10001.
2
Independent Trustees serve until their resignation, retirement, removal or death, or until December 31 of the year in which they turn 75. The Board may determine to extend the terms of Independent Trustees on a case-by-case basis, as appropriate.
3
Following the combination of MLIM and BlackRock, Inc. in September 2006, the various legacy MLIM and legacy BlackRock fund boards were realigned and consolidated into three new fund boards in 2007. Furthermore, effective January 1, 2019, three BlackRock Fund Complexes were realigned and consolidated into two BlackRock Fund Complexes. As a result, although the chart shows the year that each Independent Trustee joined the Board, certain Independent Trustees first became members of the boards of other BlackRock-advised Funds, legacy MLIM funds or legacy BlackRock funds as follows: Cynthia A. Montgomery, 1994; Kenneth L. Urish, 1999; Henry R. Keizer, 2016; Donald C. Opatrny, 2015.
4
Mr. Fairbairn and Mr. Perlowski are both “interested persons,” as defined in the Investment Company Act, of the Trust based on their positions with BlackRock, Inc. and its affiliates. Mr. Fairbairn and Mr. Perlowski are also board members of the BlackRock Fixed-Income Complex.
5
Mr. Perlowski is also a trustee of the BlackRock Credit Strategies Fund and BlackRock Private Investments Fund.
Certain biographical and other information relating to the officers of the Trust who are not Trustees is set forth below, including their address and year of birth, principal occupations for at least the last five years and length of time served. 
Name
and Year of Birth1,2
Position(s) Held
(Length of Service)
Principal Occupation(s)
During Past Five Years
Officers Who Are Not Trustees
 
 
Roland Villacorta
1971
Vice President
(Since 2022)
Managing Director of BlackRock, Inc. since 2002; Head of Global Cash
Management and Head of Securities Lending within BlackRock’s
Global Markets Group since 2022; Member of BlackRock’s Global
Operating Committee since 2016 and Human Capital Committee since
2023.
Jennifer McGovern
1977
Vice President
(Since 2014)
Managing Director of BlackRock, Inc. since 2016.
Trent Walker
1974
Chief
Financial
Officer
(Since 2021)
Managing Director of BlackRock, Inc. since 2019; Executive Vice
President of PIMCO from 2016 to 2019.
Jay M. Fife
1970
Treasurer
(Since 2007)
Managing Director of BlackRock, Inc. since 2007.
I-13
Name
and Year of Birth1,2
Position(s) Held
(Length of Service)
Principal Occupation(s)
During Past Five Years
Aaron Wasserman
1974
Chief
Compliance
Officer
(Since 2023)
Managing Director of BlackRock, Inc. since 2018; Chief Compliance
Officer of the BlackRock-advised funds in the BlackRock Multi-Asset
Complex, the BlackRock Fixed-Income Complex and the iShares
Complex since 2023; Deputy Chief Compliance Officer for the
BlackRock-advised funds in the BlackRock Multi-Asset Complex, the
BlackRock Fixed-Income Complex and the iShares Complex from 2014
to 2023.
Lisa Belle
1968
Anti-Money Laundering
Compliance Officer
(Since 2019)
Managing Director of BlackRock, Inc. since 2019; Global Financial
Crime Head for Asset and Wealth Management of JP Morgan from
2013 to 2019.
Janey Ahn
1975
Secretary
(Since 2019)
Managing Director of BlackRock, Inc. since 2018.
 
1
The address of each Officer is c/o BlackRock, Inc., 50 Hudson Yards, New York, New York 10001.
2
Officers of the Trust serve at the pleasure of the Board.
Share Ownership
Information relating to each Trustee’s share ownership in the Fund and in all BlackRock-advised Funds that are currently overseen by the respective Trustee (“Supervised Funds”) as of December 31, 2024 is set forth in the chart below. Amounts shown may include shares as to which a Trustee has indirect beneficial ownership, such as through participation in certain family accounts, 529 college savings plan interests, or similar arrangements where the Trustee has beneficial economic interest but not a direct ownership interest.
I-14
 
Name
Dollar
Range of Equity
Securities in the Fund
Aggregate Dollar
Range of Equity
Securities in
Supervised Funds
Independent Trustees
 
 
Christopher J. Ailman
None
None
Susan J. Carter
None
Over $100,000
Collette Chilton
None
Over $100,000
Neil A. Cotty
None
Over $100,000
Henry R. Keizer
Over $100,000
Over $100,000
Cynthia A. Montgomery
None
Over $100,000
Donald C. Opatrny
None
Over $100,000
Lori Richards
None
None
Mark Stalnecker
None
Over $100,000
Kenneth L. Urish
Over $100,000
Over $100,000
Claire A. Walton
None
Over $100,000
Interested Trustees
 
 
Robert Fairbairn
None
Over $100,000
John M. Perlowski
None
Over $100,000
 
As of July 3, 2025, the Trustees and officers of the Trust as a group directly or indirectly beneficially owned an aggregate of less than 1% of any class of the outstanding shares of the Fund. As of December 31, 2024, none of the Independent Trustees of the Trust or their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any securities of the Fund’s investment adviser, sub-adviser, principal underwriter, or any person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with such entities.
Compensation of Trustees
Each Trustee who is an Independent Trustee is paid as compensation an annual retainer of $345,000 per year for his or her services as a board member of the BlackRock-advised Funds in the BlackRock Multi-Asset Complex, including the Trust, and a $20,000 board meeting fee to be paid for each in-person board meeting attended (and may receive a board meeting fee for telephonic attendance at board meetings), for up to five board meetings held in a calendar year (compensation for meetings in excess of this number to be determined on a case-by-case basis), together with out-of-pocket expenses in accordance with a board policy on travel and other business expenses relating to attendance at meetings. The Chairs of the Audit Committee, Compliance Committee, Governance Committee and Performance Oversight Committee are paid as compensation an additional annual retainer of $45,000, respectively. The Chair of the Board is paid an additional annual retainer of $150,000.
The following table sets forth the compensation the Trust paid to the Trustees, on behalf of the Fund, for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 and the aggregate compensation paid to them by all BlackRock-advised Funds for the calendar year ended December 31, 2024.  
Name
Compensation
from the Fund
Estimated Annual
Benefits upon
Retirement
Aggregate
Compensation
from the Fund1
Independent Trustees
 
 
 
Christopher J. Ailman2
$1,791
None
$151,060
Susan J. Carter
$2,758
None
$435,000
Collette Chilton
$2,758
None
$435,000
Neil A. Cotty
$2,758
None
$435,000
Lena G. Goldberg3
$2,186
None
$480,000
Henry R. Keizer4
$3,040
None
$480,000
Cynthia A. Montgomery5
$3,040
None
$480,000
Donald C. Opatrny6
$3,040
None
$480,000
Lori Richards7
$2,248
None
$235,110
Mark Stalnecker8
$3,697
None
$585,000
Kenneth L. Urish
$2,758
None
$435,000
Claire A. Walton9
$2,842
None
$435,000
Interested Trustees
 
 
 
Robert Fairbairn
None
None
None
I-15
Name
Compensation
from the Fund
Estimated Annual
Benefits upon
Retirement
Aggregate
Compensation
from the Fund1
John M. Perlowski
None
None
None
 
1
For the number of BlackRock-advised Funds from which each Trustee receives compensation, see “Biographical Information” beginning on page I-10.
2
Mr. Ailman was appointed to serve as Trustee of the Trustee effective September 1, 2024.
3
Ms. Goldberg retired as Trustee of the Trust and Chair of the Compliance Committee effective December 31, 2024.
4
Chair of the Audit Committee.
5
Chair of the Governance Committee.
6
Chair of the Performance Oversight Committee.
7
Ms. Richards was appointed to serve as Trustee of the Trust effective June 1, 2024.
8
Chair of the Board and Chair of the Ad Hoc Topics Committee.
9
Chair of the Compliance Committee.
IV. Management, Advisory and Other Service Arrangements
Management Agreement
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has entered into a management agreement with BlackRock pursuant to which BlackRock provides the Fund with investment advisory services (the “Management Agreement”).
Pursuant to the Management Agreement, BlackRock may from time to time, in its sole discretion to the extent permitted by applicable law, appoint one or more sub-advisers, including, without limitation, affiliates of the Manager, to perform investment advisory services with respect to the Fund. In addition, the Manager may delegate certain of its investment advisory functions under the Management Agreement to one or more of its affiliates to the extent permitted by applicable law. BlackRock may terminate any or all sub-advisers or such delegation arrangements in its sole discretion at any time to the extent permitted by applicable law.
BlackRock has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with BlackRock International Limited (“BIL” or the “Sub-Adviser”), pursuant to which BlackRock pays the Sub-Adviser for providing services to BlackRock with respect to that portion of the Fund for which it acts as sub-adviser a monthly fee at an annual rate equal to a percentage of the management fee paid to BlackRock under the Management Agreement.
The Manager has contractually agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees or expenses of the Fund in order to limit Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements (excluding Dividend Expense, Interest Expense, Acquired Fund Fees and expenses and certain other Fund expenses (as defined in the Fund’s Prospectuses)) as a percentage of average daily net assets to 0.55% for Investor A Shares, 0.20% for Institutional Shares, 1.30% for Investor C Shares, 0.20% for Premier Shares, and 0.50% for Service Shares through June 30, 2027. The contractual agreement may be terminated upon 90 days’ notice by a majority of the Independent Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, paid BlackRock management fees (which includes amounts paid by BlackRock to the Sub-Adviser), and BlackRock waived management fees and reimbursed expenses as follows for the last three fiscal years: 
 
Fees Paid
to BlackRock
Fees Waived
by BlackRock1
Fees Reimbursed
by BlackRock
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2025
$15,296,534
$9,751,428
$18,438
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2024
$9,655,255
$6,548,794
$59,104
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023
$6,006,337
$4,193,679
$72,782
 
1
In addition to the contractual waiver discussed in the prospectus, BlackRock has also voluntarily agreed to waive a portion of its fees and/or reimburse operating expenses to enable the Fund to maintain minimum levels of daily net investment income. BlackRock may discontinue these voluntary waivers and/or reimbursements at any time without notice.
BlackRock Retirement of Carbon Credits
BlackRock or its affiliates will use at least 5% of BlackRock’s net revenue from its management fee from the Fund to purchase and then retire carbon credits either directly or through a third-party organization. These purchases will be made at least annually, with BlackRock maintaining the option to increase, decrease or terminate these
I-16
purchases in its sole discretion at any time. Based on its revenue from its management fee from the Fund, BlackRock directly or indirectly purchased and retired carbon credits as follows for the last three fiscal years: 
 
Carbon Credits Purchased and Retired
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2025
$280,000
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2024
$156,000
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023
$91,000
 
Administration Agreement
BlackRock serves as the Fund’s administrator (in such capacity, the “Administrator”) pursuant to an administration agreement (the “Administration Agreement”). The Administrator has agreed to maintain office facilities for the Fund; furnish the Fund with clerical, bookkeeping and administrative services; oversee the determination and publication of the Fund’s net asset value; oversee the preparation and filing of Federal, state and local income tax returns; prepare certain reports required by regulatory authorities; calculate various contractual expenses; determine the amount of dividends and distributions available for payment by the Fund to its shareholders; prepare and arrange for the printing of dividend notices to shareholders; provide Fund service providers with such information as is required to effect the payment of dividends and distributions; and serve as liaison with the Trust’s officers, independent accountants, legal counsel, custodian, accounting agent and transfer and dividend disbursing agent in establishing the accounting policies of the Fund and monitoring financial and shareholder accounting services. The Administrator may from time to time voluntarily waive administration fees with respect to the Fund and may voluntarily reimburse the Fund for expenses.
Under the Administration Agreement, the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, pays to the Administrator a fee, computed daily and payable monthly, at an aggregate annual rate of (i) 0.0425% of the first $500 million of the Fund’s average daily net assets, 0.040% of the next $500 million of the Fund’s average daily net assets, 0.0375% of the next $1 billion of the Fund’s average daily net assets, 0.035% of the next $2 billion of the Fund’s average daily net assets, 0.0325% of the next $9 billion of the Fund’s average daily net assets and 0.030% of the average daily net assets of the Fund in excess of $13 billion and (ii) 0.020% of average daily net assets allocated to each class of shares of the Fund.
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, paid the Administrator administration fees, and the Administrator waived administration fees, as follows for the periods set forth below. 
 
Fees Paid to
the Administrator
Fees Waived by
the Administrator
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2025
$2,211,191
$106,908
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2024
$1,357,471
$104,106
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023
$829,036
$68,790
 
The Trust and its service providers may engage third party plan administrators who provide trustee, administrative and recordkeeping services for certain employee benefit, profit-sharing and retirement plans as agents for the Trust with respect to such plans, for the purpose of accepting orders for the purchase and redemption of shares of the Trust.
Pursuant to a Shareholders’ Administrative Services Agreement, BlackRock provides certain shareholder liaison services in connection with the Fund’s investor service center. The Fund reimburses BlackRock for its costs in maintaining the service center, which costs include, among other things, employee salaries, leasehold expenses, and other out-of-pocket expenses which are a component of the transfer agency fees in the Fund’s annual report.
The following table sets forth the fees paid by the Fund to BlackRock, and the fees waived by BlackRock, pursuant to the Shareholders’ Administrative Services Agreement for the past three fiscal years: 
 
Fees Paid
to BlackRock
Fees Waived by
BlackRock
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2025
$72,125
$6,700
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2024
$69,536
$8,214
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023
$66,253
$7,397
 
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Accounting Services
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“JPM”) serves as the accounting services provider for the Fund. Among other services, JPM maintains records of purchases and sales of securities, receipts and disbursements of cash and other debits and credits; keeps accounting journals and ledgers; records capital share transactions; calculates expense caps, waivers and recoupments (if any); computes the Fund’s net income and capital gains and dividends payable; calculates and reports net asset value; works with independent pricing sources; reconciles securities and cash positions with the Fund’s custodian; prepares certain financial statements, notices and reports; and prepares certain tax reports. In connection with its accounting services, JPM also provides certain administrative services.
The table below shows the amounts paid by the Fund to JPM for accounting services for the past three fiscal years: 
 
Fees Paid to
JPM
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2025
$65,048
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2024
$67,431
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023
$52,113
 
Custodian
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., which has its principal offices at 383 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10179, and The Bank of New York Mellon, which has its principal offices at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286, each serve as a custodian for the Fund. Among other responsibilities, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. maintains a custody account or accounts in the name of the Fund, receives and delivers all assets for the Fund upon purchase and upon sale or maturity, and collects and receives all income and other payments and distributions on account of the assets of the Fund. Additionally, The Bank of New York Mellon maintains a custody account or accounts in the name of the Fund for the limited purpose of holding certain cash assets of the Fund.
Transfer Agent
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., which has its principal place of business at 301 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, Delaware 19809, serves as transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent for the Fund.
V. Information on Sales Charges and Distribution Related Expenses
Set forth below is information on sales charges received by the Fund, including the amounts paid to affiliates of the Manager (“affiliates”) for the periods indicated. The Fund’s shares are not subject to sales charges (including any contingent deferred sales charges (“CDSCs”)) with respect to direct purchases of the Fund’s shares. However, a CDSC may be charged upon redemption of shares received in an exchange transaction for Investor C Shares of a non-money market fund sponsored and advised by BlackRock or its affiliates (a “Non-Money Market BlackRock Fund”). In addition, a CDSC may be charged upon redemption if an investor purchases $1 million or more of Investor A Shares of a fund sponsored and advised by BlackRock or its affiliates where no initial sales charge was paid at the time of purchase of such fund (an “Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund”) (lesser amounts may apply depending on the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund) and exchanges such shares for Investor A Shares of the Fund and subsequently redeems such shares within 18 months after the investor initially acquired such Investor A Shares (a shorter holding period may apply depending on the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund).
BlackRock Investments, LLC (“BRIL” or the “Distributor”) acts as the Fund’s distributor.
Investor A Shares Sales Charge Information 
 
Investor A Shares
CDSCs Received
on Redemption of
Load-Waived Shares
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2025
$5,066
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2024
$15,685
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023
$33,950
 
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Investor C Sales Charge Information 
 
Investor C Shares
 
CDSCs Received
by BRIL
CDSCs Paid
to Affiliates
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2025
$4,156
$4,156
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2024
$9,666
$9,666
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023
$12,288
$12,288
 
Pursuant to the Trust’s Distribution and Service Plan (the “Plan”), the Trust may pay BRIL and/or the Manager or any other affiliate or significant shareholder of the Manager fees for providing shareholder servicing and distribution-related activities.
The table below provides information for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 about the 12b-1 fees the Fund paid to BRIL under the Fund’s 12b-1 plan. A portion of the fees collected by BRIL were paid to affiliates for providing shareholder servicing activities for Investor A Shares and Service Shares and for providing shareholder servicing and distribution related activities and services for Investor C Shares. 
Class Name
Fees Paid to BRIL
Fees Waived by BRIL
Investor A Shares
$7,973,157
$0
Investor C Shares
$66,860
$0
Service Shares
$362,689
$0
 
VI. Computation of Offering Price Per Share
The offering price for the Fund’s share classes is equal to the share class’ net asset value computed by dividing the value of the share class’ net assets by the number of shares of that share class outstanding. For more information on the purchasing and valuation of shares, please see “Purchase of Shares” and “Determination of Net Asset Value” in Part II of this SAI.
VII. Yield Information
The yield on the Fund’s shares normally will fluctuate on a daily basis. Therefore, the yield for any given past period is not an indication or representation by the Fund of future yields or rates of return on its shares. The yield is affected by such factors as changes in interest rates on the Fund’s portfolio securities, average portfolio maturity, the types and quality of portfolio securities held and operating expenses. The yield on Fund Shares for various reasons may not be comparable to the yield on bank deposits, shares of other money market funds or other investments. The yield on the Fund’s Institutional Shares for the seven-day period ended March 31, 2025 was 4.32%.
VIII. Portfolio Transactions
See “Portfolio Transactions” in Part II of this SAI for more information.
The value of the Fund’s aggregate holdings of the securities of its regular brokers or dealers (as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the Investment Company Act) or their parents if any portion of such holdings were purchased during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 is as follows: 
Regular Broker/Dealer
Debt
(D)/Equity
(E)
Aggregate
Holdings
(000’s)
ING Financial Markets LLC
D
$228,751
Swedbank Securities US LLC
D
$219.500
Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB
D
$200,000
RBC Capital Markets LLC
D
$193,353
BofA Securities, Inc.
D
$62,000
Citigroup Global Markets, Inc.
D
$33,895
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
D
$13,000
 
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IX. Additional Information
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Deloitte & Touche LLP, with offices located at 115 Federal Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, serves as the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm.
Counsel. Sidley Austin LLP, with offices at 787 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York 10019, serves as the Fund’s counsel.
The Trust
The Trust was organized as a Massachusetts business trust on December 22, 1988, and is registered under the Investment Company Act as an open-end, management investment company. The Fund is diversified pursuant to the Investment Company Act. Effective January 31, 1998, the Trust changed its name from Compass Capital FundsSM to BlackRock FundsSM. The Trust is authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest with a par value of $0.001 per share, which may be divided into different series and classes. Effective on December 27, 2017, all of the issued and outstanding Investor B Shares of the Fund were converted into Investor A Shares of the Fund.
Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of a business trust may, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for the obligations of the Trust. However, the Trust’s Declaration of Trust provides that shareholders shall not be subject to any personal liability in connection with the assets of the Trust for the acts or obligations of the Trust, and that every note, bond, contract, order or other undertaking made by the Trust shall contain a provision to the effect that the shareholders are not personally liable thereunder. The Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of Trust property of any shareholder held personally liable solely by reason of his being or having been a shareholder and not because of such shareholder’s acts or omissions or some other reason. The Declaration of Trust also provides that the Trust shall, upon request, assume the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act or obligation of the Trust, and shall satisfy any judgment thereon.
The Declaration of Trust further provides that all persons having any claim against the Trustees or Trust shall look solely to the Trust property for payment; that no Trustee of the Trust shall be personally liable for or on account of any contract, debt, tort, claim, damage, judgment or decree arising out of or connected with the administration or preservation of the Trust property or the conduct of any business of the Trust; and that no Trustee shall be personally liable to any person for any action or failure to act except by reason of such Trustee’s own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his duties as a Trustee. With the exception stated, the Declaration of Trust provides that a Trustee is entitled to be indemnified against all liabilities and expenses reasonably incurred by such Trustee in connection with the defense or disposition of any proceeding in which he may be involved or with which he may be threatened by reason of his being or having been a Trustee, and that the Trust will indemnify officers, representatives and employees of the Trust to the same extent that trustees are entitled to indemnification.
Principal Shareholders
To the knowledge of the Trust, the following entities owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of any class of the Fund’s shares as of July 1, 2025: 
Name
Address
Percentage
Class
Pershing LLC
1 Pershing Plaza
Jersey City, NJ 07399-0001
66.90%
Investor A Shares
Edward D Jones and Co.
12555 Manchester Road
St. Louis, MO 63131-3710
17.83%
Investor A Shares
Wells Fargo Clearing Services
2801 Market Street
St. Louis, MO 63103
19.82%
Investor C Shares
National Financial Services LLC
499 Washington Boulevard
5th Floor
Jersey City, NJ 07310-2010
13.56%
Investor C Shares
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC
1 New York Plaza
12th Floor
New York, NY 10004-1901
11.38%
Investor C Shares
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Name
Address
Percentage
Class
Pershing LLC
1 Pershing Plaza
Jersey City, NJ 07399-0001
10.03%
Investor C Shares
BNY Mellon Investment Trust Co.
301 Bellevue Parkway
Wilmington, DE 19809
5.53%
Investor C Shares
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
211 Main Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
47.15%
Institutional Shares
Broadway National Bank
P. O. Box 17001
San Antonio, TX 78286
20.21%
Institutional Shares
Morgan Stanley
1300 Thames Street
6th Floor
Baltimore, MD 21231-3495
13.56%
Institutional Shares
Pershing LLC
1 Pershing Plaza
Jersey City, NJ 07399-0001
5.77%
Institutional Shares
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC
1 New York Plaza
12th Floor
New York, NY 10004-1901
90.15%
Premier Shares
LPL Financial
4707 Executive Drive
San Diego, CA 92121-3091
8.34%
Premier Shares
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
211 Main Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
94.92%
Service Shares
 
X. Financial Statements
The audited financial statements, financial highlights and notes thereto in the Fund’s Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on Form N-CSR (the “2025 Annual Financial Statements”), are incorporated in this SAI by reference. No other parts of the 2025 Annual Financial Statements are incorporated by reference herein. The 2025 Annual Financial Statements have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP. The report of Deloitte & Touche LLP is incorporated herein by reference. Such 2025 Annual Financial Statements have been incorporated herein in reliance upon the report of such firm given their authority as experts in accounting and auditing. Additional copies of the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders and the Fund’s Annual and Semi-Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information may be obtained at no charge by telephoning the Distributor at the telephone number appearing on the front page of this SAI.
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PART II
Part II of this Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) contains information about the following funds: BlackRock Government Money Market Portfolio, a series of BlackRock Series Fund, Inc.; BlackRock Government Money Market V.I. Fund, a series of BlackRock Variable Series Funds, Inc.; BlackRock Wealth Liquid Environmentally Aware Fund (“WeLEAF”) and Circle Reserve Fund (“Circle Reserve”), each a series of BlackRock FundsSM (the “Trust”); and BlackRock Summit Cash Reserves Fund (“Summit Cash Reserves”), a series of BlackRock Financial Institutions Series Trust (“FIST”).
Throughout this SAI, each of the above listed funds may be referred to as a “Fund” or collectively as the “Funds.”
Each Fund is organized as a Massachusetts business trust, with the exception of BlackRock Series Fund, Inc. and BlackRock Variable Series Funds, Inc., which are Maryland corporations. For ease and clarity of presentation, common shares of beneficial interest are referred to herein as “shares,” the trustees or directors of each Fund are referred to herein as “Trustees” and the boards of trustees/directors of each Fund are referred to as the “Board of Trustees” or the “Board.” BlackRock Advisors, LLC is the manager of each Fund and is referred to as “BlackRock” or the “Manager,” and the management agreement applicable to each Fund is referred to as the “Management Agreement.” The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, is referred to herein as the “Investment Company Act.” The Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is referred to herein as the “Securities Act.” The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is referred to herein as the “Exchange Act.” The Securities and Exchange Commission is referred to herein as the “Commission” or the “SEC.”
In addition to containing information about the Funds, Part II of this SAI contains general information about all funds in the BlackRock-advised fund complex. Certain information contained herein may not be relevant to the Funds.
Investment Risks and Considerations
Set forth below are descriptions of some of the types of investments and investment strategies that one or more of the Funds may use, and the risks and considerations associated with those investments and investment strategies. Please see each Fund’s prospectuses (the “Prospectus”) and the “Investment Objective and Policies,” “Investment Objectives and Policies” or “Investment Strategies and Risks of the Fund” as applicable, section of Part I of this SAI for further information about each Fund’s investment policies and risks. Information contained in this section about the risks and considerations associated with a Fund’s investments and/or investment strategies applies only to those Funds specifically identified in Part I of this SAI as making each type of investment or using each investment strategy (each, a “Covered Fund”). Information that does not apply to a Covered Fund does not form a part of that Covered Fund’s SAI and should not be relied upon by investors in that Covered Fund.
Only information that is clearly identified as applicable to a Covered Fund is considered to form a part of that Covered Fund’s SAI.
Bank Money Instruments. Certain Funds may invest in U.S. dollar-denominated obligations of U.S. and foreign depository institutions, including commercial and savings banks, savings and loan associations, and other institutions. Such obligations include but are not limited to certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, time deposits, bank notes and deposit notes. For example, the obligations may be issued by (i) U.S. or foreign depository institutions, (ii) foreign branches or subsidiaries of U.S. depository institutions (“Eurodollar” obligations), (iii) U.S. branches or subsidiaries of foreign depository institutions (“Yankeedollar” obligations) or (iv) foreign branches or subsidiaries of foreign depository institutions. Eurodollar and Yankeedollar obligations and obligations of branches or subsidiaries of foreign depository institutions may be general obligations of the parent bank or may be limited to the issuing branch or subsidiary by the terms of the specific obligations or by government regulation. Investments in obligations of foreign depository institutions and their foreign branches and subsidiaries will only be made if determined to be of comparable quality to other investments permissible for each Fund. No Fund will invest more than 25% of its total assets (taken at market value at the time of each investment) in obligations of foreign depository institutions and their foreign branches and subsidiaries or in obligations of foreign branches or subsidiaries of U.S. depository institutions that are not backed by the U.S. parent. The Funds treat bank money instruments issued by U.S. branches or subsidiaries of foreign banks as obligations issued by domestic banks (not subject to the 25% limitation) if the branch or subsidiary is subject to the same bank regulation as U.S. banks.
Eurodollar and Yankeedollar obligations, as well as other obligations of foreign depository institutions and short term obligations issued by other foreign entities, may involve additional investment risks, including adverse political and economic developments, the possible imposition of withholding taxes on interest income payable on such obligations, the possible seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits and the possible establishment of exchange
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controls or other foreign governmental laws or restrictions that might adversely affect the repayment of principal and the payment of interest. The issuers of such obligations may not be subject to U.S. regulatory requirements. Foreign branches or subsidiaries of U.S. banks may be subject to less stringent reserve requirements than U.S. banks. U.S. branches or subsidiaries of foreign banks are subject to the reserve requirements of the states in which they are located. There may be less publicly available information about a U.S. branch or subsidiary of a foreign bank or other issuer than about a U.S. bank or other issuer, and such entities may not be subject to the same accounting, auditing and financial record keeping standards and requirements as U.S. issuers. Evidence of ownership of Eurodollar and foreign obligations may be held outside the United States, and the Funds may be subject to the risks associated with the holding of such property overseas. Eurodollar and foreign obligations of the Funds held overseas will be held by foreign branches of each Fund’s custodian or by other U.S. or foreign banks under subcustodian arrangements complying with the requirements of the Investment Company Act.
The Manager will carefully consider the above factors in making investments in Eurodollar obligations, Yankeedollar obligations of foreign depository institutions and other foreign short term obligations, and will not knowingly purchase obligations that, at the time of purchase, are subject to exchange controls or withholding taxes. Generally, a Fund will limit its Yankeedollar investments to obligations of banks organized in Canada, France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom or other industrialized nations.
Bank money instruments in which certain Funds invest must be issued by depository institutions with total assets of at least $1 billion, except that such Funds may invest in certificates of deposit of smaller institutions if such certificates of deposit are Federally insured and if, as a result of such purchase, no more than 10% of total assets (taken at market value), are invested in such certificates of deposit.
Commercial Paper and Other Short Term Obligations. Commercial paper (including variable amount master demand notes and other variable rate securities, with or without forward features) refers to short term unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations, partnerships, trusts or other entities to finance short term credit needs and non-convertible debt securities (e.g., bonds and debentures) with no more than 397 days remaining to maturity at the date of purchase. Short term obligations issued by trusts, corporations, partnerships or other entities include mortgage-related or asset-backed instruments, including pass-through certificates such as participations in, or bonds and notes backed by, pools of mortgage, automobile, manufactured housing or other types of consumer loans; credit card or trade receivables or pools of mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities. These structured financings will be supported by sufficient collateral and other credit enhancements, including letters of credit, insurance, reserve funds and guarantees by third parties, to enable such instruments to obtain a quality rating by a Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization (“NRSRO”), if applicable. Some structured financings also use various types of swaps, among other things, to issue instruments that have interest rate, quality or maturity characteristics necessary or desirable for a Fund. These swaps may include so-called credit default swaps that might depend for payment not only on the credit of a counterparty, but also on the obligations of another entity, the “reference entity.”
Cyber Security Issues. With the increased use of technologies such as the Internet to conduct business, each Fund, Authorized Participants, service providers and the relevant listing exchange are susceptible to operational, information security and related risks. In general, cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber attacks include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems (e.g., through “hacking” or malicious software coding) for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cyber attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks on websites (i.e., efforts to make network services unavailable to intended users). Cyber security failures or breaches by a Fund’s adviser, sub-adviser(s) and other service providers (including, but not limited to, index providers, Fund accountants, custodians, transfer agents and administrators), market makers, Authorized Participants or the issuers of securities in which the Funds invest, have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, interference with a Fund’s ability to calculate its net asset value (“NAV”), disclosure of confidential trading information, impediments to trading, submission of erroneous trades or erroneous creation or redemption orders, the inability of Fund shareholders to transact business, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs. In addition, substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent any cyber incidents in the future. While the Funds have established business continuity plans in the event of, and risk management systems to prevent, such cyber attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified. Furthermore, the Funds cannot control the cyber security plans and systems put in place by service providers to the Funds and issuers in which the Funds invest, market makers or Authorized Participants. The Funds and their shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.
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Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) Integration. Although a Fund does not seek to implement a specific sustainability objective, strategy or process unless disclosed in the Fund’s Prospectus, BlackRock will consider ESG factors as part of the credit research and investment process for a Fund. BlackRock views ESG integration as the practice of incorporating financially material ESG data or information into investment processes with the objective of enhancing risk-adjusted returns. All securities purchases by a Fund are selected from approved lists maintained by BlackRock. All instruments on an approved list used by a Fund have met the minimal credit risk requirement of Rule 2a-7, if required. In reviewing instruments, BlackRock will consider the capacity of the issuer or guarantor to meet its obligations. BlackRock considers ESG data within the total data available during its review. This may include third party research as well as considerations of proprietary BlackRock research across the ESG risks and opportunities regarding an issuer.
The ESG characteristics utilized in a Fund’s investment processes are anticipated to evolve over time and one or more characteristics may not be relevant with respect to all issuers that are eligible for investment. Certain of these considerations may affect the Fund’s exposure to certain companies or industries. While BlackRock views ESG considerations as having the potential to contribute to a Fund’s long-term performance, there is no guarantee that such results will be achieved.
Foreign Bank Money Instruments. Foreign bank money instruments refer to U.S. dollar-denominated obligations of foreign depository institutions and their foreign branches and subsidiaries, such as, but not limited to, certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, time deposits, bank notes and deposit notes. The obligations of such foreign depository institutions and their foreign branches and subsidiaries may be the general obligations of the parent bank or may be limited to the issuing branch or subsidiary by the terms of the specific obligation or by government regulation. Such investments will only be made if determined to be of comparable quality to other investments permissible for a Fund. A Fund will not invest more than 25% of its total assets (taken at market value at the time of each investment) in these obligations. Investments in foreign entities generally involve the same risks as those described above in connection with investments in Eurodollar and Yankeedollar obligations and obligations of foreign depository institutions and their foreign branches and subsidiaries. See “Bank Money Instruments.”
Foreign Short Term Debt Instruments. Foreign short term debt instruments refer to U.S. dollar-denominated commercial paper and other short term obligations issued by foreign entities. Such investments are subject to quality standards similar to those applicable to investments in comparable obligations of domestic issuers. These investments generally involve the same risks as those described above in connection with investments in Eurodollar and Yankeedollar obligations and obligations of foreign depository institutions and their foreign branches and subsidiaries. See “Bank Money Instruments.”
Forward Commitments. Certain Funds may purchase or sell money market securities on a forward commitment basis at fixed purchase terms. The purchase or sale will be recorded on the date a Fund enters into the commitment, and the value of the security will thereafter be reflected in the calculation of the Fund’s NAV. The value of the security on the delivery date may be more or less than its purchase price. Although a Fund generally will enter into forward commitments with the intention of acquiring securities for its portfolio, a Fund may dispose of a commitment prior to settlement if the Manager deems it appropriate to do so.
There can be no assurance that a security purchased or sold through a forward commitment will be delivered. The value of securities in these transactions on the delivery date may be more or less than a Fund’s purchase price. The Fund may bear the risk of a decline in the value of the security in these transactions and may not benefit from appreciation in the value of the security during the commitment period.
Illiquid Investments. No Fund will acquire any illiquid security (i.e., securities that cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the value ascribed to them by the Fund) if, immediately following such purchase, more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets are invested in illiquid securities. The Manager will monitor the liquidity of illiquid investments under the supervision of the Board.
Inflation Risk. The Funds are subject to inflation risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the present value of assets or income from investments will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases, the present value of a Fund’s assets can decline as can the value of a Fund’s distributions.
Investment in Other Investment Companies. Each Fund may, subject to applicable law, invest in other investment companies (including investment companies managed by BlackRock and its affiliates), including money market funds and exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), which are typically open-end funds or unit investment trusts listed on a stock exchange. Under Section 12(d)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act, however, a Fund may invest up to 10% of its total assets in securities of other investment companies (measured at the time of such investment). In addition, under Section 12(d)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act a Fund may not acquire securities of an
II-3
investment company if such acquisition would cause the Fund to own more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of such investment company and a Fund may not invest in another investment company if such investment would cause more than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets to be invested in securities of such investment company. (These limits do not restrict a feeder fund from investing all of its assets in shares of its master portfolio.) In addition to the restrictions on investing in other investment companies discussed above, under Section 12(d)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act a Fund may not invest in a registered closed-end investment company if such investment would cause the Fund and other BlackRock-advised investment companies to own more than 10% of the total outstanding voting stock of such closed-end investment company. Pursuant to Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the Investment Company Act, these percentage limitations do not apply to investments in affiliated investment companies, including ETFs, subject to certain conditions. In addition, a Fund may be able to rely on certain rules under the Investment Company Act to invest in shares of money market funds or other investment companies beyond the statutory limits noted above, but subject to certain conditions.
As with other investments, investments in other investment companies are subject to market and selection risk.
Shares of investment companies, such as closed-end fund investment companies, that trade on an exchange may at times be acquired at market prices representing premiums to their NAVs. In addition, investment companies held by a Fund that trade on an exchange could trade at a discount from NAV, and such discount could increase while the Fund holds the shares. If the market price of shares of an exchange-traded investment company decreases below the price that the Fund paid for the shares and the Fund were to sell its shares of such investment company at a time when the market price is lower than the price at which it purchased the shares, the Fund would experience a loss.
In addition, if a Fund acquires shares in investment companies, including affiliated investment companies, shareholders would bear both their proportionate share of expenses in the Fund and, indirectly, the expenses of such investment companies. Such expenses, both at the Fund level and acquired investment company level, would include management and advisory fees, unless such fees have been waived by BlackRock. Please see the relevant Fund’s Prospectus to determine whether any such management and advisory fees have been waived by BlackRock. Investments by a Fund in wholly owned investment entities created under the laws of certain countries will not be deemed an investment in other investment companies. Pursuant to guidance issued by the staff of the Commission, fees and expenses of money market funds used for the investment of cash collateral received in connection with loans of Fund securities are not treated as “acquired fund fees and expenses,” which are fees and expenses charged by other investment companies and pooled investment vehicles in which a Fund invests a portion of its assets.
To the extent shares of a Fund are held by another fund, the ability of the Fund itself to purchase other funds may be limited. In addition, a fund-of-funds (e.g., an investment company that seeks to meet its investment objective by investing significantly in other investment companies) may be limited in its ability to purchase underlying funds if such underlying funds themselves own shares of underlying funds.
A number of publicly traded closed-end investment companies have been organized to facilitate indirect foreign investment in developing countries, and certain of such countries, such as Thailand, South Korea, Chile and Brazil, have specifically authorized such funds. There also are investment opportunities in certain of such countries in pooled vehicles that resemble open-end investment companies. The restrictions on investments in securities of investment companies set forth above may limit opportunities for a Fund to invest indirectly in certain developing countries.
Issuer Insolvency Risk. Certain Funds’ potential exposure to financially or operationally troubled issuers involves a high degree of credit and market risk, which may be heightened during an economic downturn or recession. Should an issuer of securities held by a Fund become involved in a bankruptcy proceeding, reorganization or financial restructuring, a wide variety of considerations make an evaluation of the outcome of the Fund’s exposure to the issuer uncertain.
During the period of a bankruptcy proceeding, reorganization or financial restructuring, it is unlikely that a Fund will receive any interest payments on the securities of the issuer. A Fund will be subject to significant uncertainty as to whether the reorganization or restructuring will be completed, and the Fund may bear certain extraordinary expenses to protect and recover its investment. A Fund will also be subject to significant uncertainty as to when and in what manner and for what value the obligations evidenced by the securities of the issuer held by the Fund will eventually be satisfied.
Even if a plan of reorganization or restructuring is adopted with respect to the securities of the issuer held by the Fund, there can be no assurance that the securities or other assets received by a Fund in connection with such plan
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of reorganization or restructuring will not have a lower value or income potential than may have been anticipated or no value. A Fund may be unable to enforce its claims or rights in any collateral or may have its claims or security interest in any collateral challenged, disallowed or subordinated to the claims or security interests of other creditors. In addition, amendments to the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or other relevant laws could alter the expected outcome or introduce greater uncertainty regarding the outcome of the Fund’s securities holdings in the issuer. In a bankruptcy proceeding, a reorganization or restructuring, the securities of the issuer held by a Fund could be re-characterized or a Fund may receive different securities or other assets, including equity securities. These types of equity securities include, but are not limited to: common stock; preferred stock (including convertible preferred stock); bonds, notes and debentures convertible into common or preferred stock; stock purchase warrants and rights; equity interests in trusts; and depositary receipts. Equity securities are subject to changes in value, and their value may be more volatile than those of other asset classes. Holders of equity securities are subject to more risk than holders of debt securities because the status of equity holders is subordinate to debtholders in an issuer’s capital structure. The value of equity securities received by a Fund could decline if the financial condition of the issuer deteriorates or if overall market and economic conditions, or conditions within the issuer’s region or industry, deteriorate.
To the extent that a Fund receives other assets in connection with a bankruptcy proceeding, reorganization or financial restructuring, the Fund may also be subject to additional risks associated with the assets received. One example of assets that a Fund could receive is an interest in one or more loans made to the issuer as part of a workout agreed to by a consortium of lienholders and creditors of the issuer. A Fund may receive such interests in loans to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act.
Securities or other assets received in a reorganization or restructuring typically entail a higher degree of risk than investments in securities of issuers that have not undergone a reorganization or restructuring and may be subject to heavy selling or downward pricing pressure after completion of the reorganization or restructuring. The post- reorganization/restructuring assets and securities may also be illiquid and difficult to sell or value. If a Fund participates in negotiations with respect to a plan of reorganization or restructuring with respect to securities of the issuer held by a Fund, the Fund also may be restricted from disposing such securities for a period of time. If a Fund becomes involved in such proceedings, the Fund may have more active participation in the affairs of the issuer than that assumed generally by an investor.
Municipal Investments
Municipal Securities. Certain Funds invest in short term municipal obligations issued by or on behalf of the states, their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities and obligations of other qualifying issuers, such as issuers located in Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam, the interest on which (and/or, in the case of property taxes, the value of which) is excludable, in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer, from gross income for purposes of Federal income taxes and the applicable state’s income taxes (“State Taxes”). Obligations that pay interest that is excludable from gross income for Federal income tax purposes are referred to herein as “Municipal Securities,” and obligations that pay interest that is excludable from gross income for Federal income tax purposes and are exempt from the applicable State Taxes are referred to as “State Municipal Securities.” Unless otherwise indicated, references to Municipal Securities shall be deemed to include State Municipal Securities.
Municipal Securities include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including construction of a wide range of public facilities, refunding of outstanding obligations and obtaining funds for general operating expenses and loans to other public institutions and facilities. In addition, certain types of bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance various facilities operated for private profit. Such obligations are included within the term Municipal Securities if the interest paid thereon is excludable from gross income for Federal income tax purposes.
The two principal classifications of Municipal Securities are “general obligation” bonds and “revenue” or “special obligation” bonds. General obligation bonds are secured by the issuer’s pledge of its faith, credit and taxing power for the repayment of principal and the payment of interest. Revenue or special obligation bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise tax or other specific revenue source such as from the user of the facility being financed. Private activity bonds (or “industrial development bonds” under pre-1986 law) are in most cases revenue bonds and do not generally constitute the pledge of the credit or taxing power of the issuer of such bonds. The repayment of the principal and the payment of interest on such private activity bonds depends solely on the ability of the user of the facilities financed by the bonds to meet its financial obligation and the pledge, if any, of real and personal property so financed as security for such payment. In addition, private activity bonds may pay interest that is subject to the Federal alternative minimum tax. A Fund’s portfolio may include “moral obligation” bonds, which are normally issued by special purpose public authorities. If an issuer of moral obligation bonds is unable to meet its debt service
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obligations from current revenues, it may draw on a reserve fund, the restoration of which is a moral commitment but not a legal obligation of a state or municipality.
Yields on Municipal Securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general condition of the money market and of the municipal bond market, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation, and the rating of the issuer. The ability of a Fund to achieve its investment objective is also dependent on the continuing ability of the issuers of the Municipal Securities in which the Fund invests to meet their obligations for the payment of interest and the repayment of principal when due. There are variations in the risks involved in holding Municipal Securities, both within a particular classification and between classifications, depending on numerous factors. Furthermore, the rights of holders of Municipal Securities and the obligations of the issuers of such Municipal Securities may be subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws and court decisions affecting the rights of creditors generally, and such laws, if any, which may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures affecting specifically the rights of holders of Municipal Securities.
A Fund’s ability to distribute dividends exempt from Federal income tax will depend on the exclusion from gross income of the interest income that it receives on the Municipal Securities in which it invests. A Fund will only purchase a Municipal Security if it is accompanied by an opinion of counsel to the issuer, which is delivered on the date of issuance of that security, that interest on such securities is excludable from gross income for Federal income tax purposes (the “tax exemption opinion”).
Events occurring after the date of issuance of the Municipal Securities, however, may cause the interest on such securities to be includable in gross income for Federal income tax purposes. For example, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) establishes certain requirements, such as restrictions as to the investment of the proceeds of the issue, limitations as to the use of proceeds of such issue and the property financed by such proceeds, and the payment of certain excess earnings to the Federal government, that must be met after the issuance of the Municipal Securities for interest on such securities to remain excludable from gross income for Federal income tax purposes. The issuers and the conduit borrowers of the Municipal Securities generally covenant to comply with such requirements and the tax exemption opinion generally assumes continuing compliance with such requirements. Failure to comply with these continuing requirements, however, may cause the interest on such Municipal Securities to be includable in gross income for Federal income tax purposes retroactive to their date of issue.
In addition, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) has an ongoing enforcement program that involves the audit of tax exempt bonds to determine whether an issue of bonds satisfies all of the requirements that must be met for interest on such bonds to be excludable from gross income for Federal income tax purposes. From time to time, some of the Municipal Securities held by a Fund may be the subject of such an audit by the IRS, and the IRS may determine that the interest on such securities is includable in gross income for Federal income tax purposes either because the IRS has taken a legal position adverse to the conclusion reached by the counsel to the issuer in the tax exemption opinion or as a result of an action taken or not taken after the date of issue of such obligation.
If interest paid on a Municipal Security in which a Fund invests is determined to be taxable subsequent to the Fund’s acquisition of such security, the IRS may demand that such Fund pay taxes on the affected interest income and, if the Fund agrees to do so, its yield could be adversely affected. If the interest paid on any Municipal Security held by a Fund is determined to be taxable, such Fund will dispose of the security as soon as practicable. A determination that interest on a security held by a Fund is includable in gross income for Federal or state income tax purposes retroactively to its date of issue may, likewise, cause a portion of prior distributions received by shareholders to be taxable to those shareholders in the year of receipt.
From time to time, proposals have been introduced before Congress for the purpose of restricting or eliminating the Federal income tax exclusion for interest on Municipal Securities. Similar proposals may be introduced in the future. If such a proposal were enacted, the ability of each Fund to pay “exempt-interest dividends” would be affected adversely and the Fund would re-evaluate its investment objectives and policies and consider changes in structure. See “Dividends and Taxes — Taxes.”
Municipal Securities — Derivative Products. Derivative Products are typically structured by a bank, broker-dealer or other financial institution. A Derivative Product generally consists of a trust or partnership through which a Fund holds an interest in one or more underlying bonds coupled with a right to sell (“put”) the Fund’s interest in the underlying bonds at par plus accrued interest to a financial institution (a “Liquidity Provider”). Typically, a Derivative Product is structured as a trust or partnership that provides for pass-through tax-exempt income. There are currently three principal types of derivative structures: (1) “Tender Option Bonds,” which are instruments that grant the holder thereof the right to put an underlying bond at par plus accrued interest at specified intervals to a Liquidity Provider;
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(2) “Swap Products,” in which the trust or partnership swaps the payments due on an underlying bond with a swap counterparty who agrees to pay a floating municipal money market interest rate; and (3) “Partnerships,” which allocate to the partners portions of income, expenses, capital gains and losses associated with holding an underlying bond in accordance with a governing agreement. A Fund may also invest in other forms of short term Derivative Products eligible for investment by money market funds.
Investments in Derivative Products raise certain tax, legal, regulatory and accounting issues that may not be presented by investments in municipal bonds. There is some risk that certain issues could be resolved in a manner that could adversely impact the performance of a Fund. For example, the tax-exempt treatment of the interest paid to holders of Derivative Products is premised on the legal conclusion that the holders of such Derivative Products have an ownership interest in the underlying bonds. Were the IRS or any state taxing authority to issue an adverse ruling or take an adverse position with respect to the taxation of Derivative Products, there is a risk that the interest paid on such Derivative Products or, in the case of property taxes, the value of such Fund to the extent represented by such Derivative Products, would be deemed taxable at the Federal and/or state level.
Municipal Notes. Municipal notes are shorter term municipal debt obligations. They may provide interim financing in anticipation of tax collection, bond sales or revenue receipts. If there is a shortfall in the anticipated proceeds, the note may not be fully repaid and a Fund may lose money.
Municipal Commercial Paper. Municipal commercial paper is generally unsecured and issued to meet short term financing needs. The lack of security presents some risk of loss to a Fund since, in the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, unsecured creditors are repaid only after the secured creditors are paid out of the assets, if any, that remain.
Municipal Lease Obligations. Also included within the general category of State Municipal Securities are Certificates of Participation (“COPs”) issued by governmental authorities or entities to finance the acquisition or construction of equipment, land and/or facilities. The COPs represent participations in a lease, an installment purchase contract or a conditional sales contract (hereinafter collectively called “lease obligations”) relating to such equipment, land or facilities. Although lease obligations do not constitute general obligations of the issuer for which the issuer’s unlimited taxing power is pledged, a lease obligation is frequently backed by the issuer’s covenant to budget for, appropriate and make the payments due under the lease obligation. However, certain lease obligations contain “non-appropriation” clauses that provide that the issuer has no obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. Although “non-appropriation” lease obligations are secured by the leased property, disposition of the property in the event of foreclosure might prove difficult. The securities represent a type of financing that has not yet developed the depth of marketability associated with more conventional securities. Certain investments in lease obligations may be illiquid.
Municipal Securities — Short-Term Maturity Standards. All of the investments of a Fund in Municipal Securities will be in securities with remaining maturities of 397 days or less. The dollar-weighted average maturity of each Fund’s portfolio will be 60 days or less. For purposes of this investment policy, an obligation will be treated as having a maturity earlier than its stated maturity date if such obligation has technical features that, in the judgment of the Manager, will result in the obligation being valued in the market as though it has such earlier maturity.
The maturities of Variable Rate Demand Obligations (“VRDOs”) are deemed to be the longer of (i) the notice period required before a Fund is entitled to receive payment of the principal amount of the VRDOs on demand or (ii) the period remaining until the VRDO’s next interest rate adjustment. If not redeemed by a Fund through the demand feature, VRDOs mature on a specified date, which may range up to 30 years from the date of issuance. See “VRDOs” below.
Municipal Securities — Quality Standards. A Fund’s portfolio investments in municipal notes and short term tax-exempt commercial paper will be limited to those obligations that are (i) secured by a pledge of the full faith and credit of the United States or (ii) otherwise are determined by the Manager to present minimal credit risks to the Fund. A Fund’s investments in municipal bonds will be in securities that have been determined by the Manager to present minimal credit risks to the Fund. In addition, certain Funds may require that portfolio investments (or their issuers) receive minimum credit ratings from one or more NRSROs, or if not rated, are determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality to securities that have received such rating(s). Certain tax-exempt obligations (primarily VRDOs) may be entitled to the benefit of letters of credit or similar credit enhancements issued by financial institutions. In such instances, in assessing the quality of such instruments, the Trustees and the Manager will take into account not only the creditworthiness of the issuers, but also the creditworthiness and type of obligation of the financial institution. The type of obligation of the financial institution concerns, for example, whether the letter of
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credit or similar credit enhancement being issued is conditional or unconditional. For a description of debt ratings, see Appendix A — “Description of Bond Ratings.”
Certain Funds may not invest in any security issued by a depository institution unless such institution is organized and operating in the United States, has total assets of at least $1 billion and is federally insured. While the types of money market securities in which the Funds invest generally are considered to have low principal risk, such securities are not completely risk free. There is a risk of the failure of issuers or credit enhancers to meet their principal and interest obligations. With respect to repurchase agreements and purchase and sale contracts, there is also the risk of the failure of the parties involved to repurchase at the agreed-upon price, in which event each Fund may suffer time delays and incur costs or possible losses in connection with such transactions.
Municipal Securities — Other Factors. Management of the Funds will endeavor to be as fully invested as reasonably practicable in order to maximize the yield on each Fund’s portfolio. Not all short term municipal securities trade on the basis of same day settlements and, accordingly, a portfolio of such securities cannot be managed on a daily basis with the same flexibility as a portfolio of money market securities, which can be bought and sold on a same day basis. There may be times when a Fund has uninvested cash resulting from an influx of cash due to large purchases of shares or the maturing of portfolio securities. A Fund also may be required to maintain cash reserves or incur temporary bank borrowings to make redemption payments, which are made on the same day the redemption request is received. Such inability to be invested fully would lower the yield on such Fund’s portfolio.
Because certain Funds may at times invest a substantial portion of their assets in Municipal Securities secured by bank letters of credit or guarantees, an investment in a Fund should be made with an understanding of the characteristics of the banking industry and the risks that such an investment in such credit enhanced securities may entail. Banks are subject to extensive governmental regulations that may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments that may be made and interest rates and fees that may be charged. The profitability of the banking industry is largely dependent on the availability and cost of capital funds for the purpose of financing lending operations under prevailing money market conditions. Furthermore, general economic conditions play an important part in the operations of this industry and exposure to credit losses arising from possible financial difficulties of borrowers might affect a bank’s ability to meet its obligations under a letter of credit.
Changes to the Code may limit the types and volume of securities qualifying for the Federal income tax exemption of interest; this may affect the availability of Municipal Securities for investment by the Funds, which could, in turn, have a negative impact on the yield of the portfolios. A Fund reserves the right to suspend or otherwise limit sales of its shares if, as a result of difficulties in acquiring portfolio securities or otherwise, it is determined that it is not in the interests of the Fund’s shareholders to issue additional shares.
VRDOs. VRDOs are tax-exempt obligations that contain a floating or variable interest rate adjustment formula and right of demand on the part of the holder thereof to receive payment of the unpaid balance plus accrued interest upon a short notice period not to exceed seven days. There is, however, the possibility that because of default or insolvency the demand feature of VRDOs may not be honored. The interest rates are adjustable at periodic intervals to some prevailing market rate of the VRDOs at approximately the par value of the VRDOs on the adjustment date. The adjustment may be based upon the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (“SIFMA”) Municipal Swap Index or some other appropriate interest rate adjustment index. Each Fund may invest in all types of tax-exempt instruments currently outstanding or to be issued in the future that satisfy its short term maturity and quality standards.
Because of the interest rate adjustment formula on VRDOs, the VRDOs are not comparable to fixed rate securities. A Fund’s yield on VRDOs will decline and its shareholders will forego the opportunity for capital appreciation during periods when prevailing interest rates have declined. On the other hand, during periods where prevailing interest rates have increased, a Fund’s yield on VRDOs will increase and its shareholders will have a reduced risk of capital depreciation.
Negative Interest Rate Scenarios. Should a negative interest rate scenario ever occur that causes a government or retail money market fund to have a negative gross yield, the fund may account for the negative gross yield by either using a floating NAV or a reverse distribution mechanism that seeks to maintain a stable net asset value of the fund by cancelling shareholders’ shares in the amount of the negative gross yield. If a fund converts to a floating NAV, any losses the fund experiences due to negative interest rates will be reflected in a declining NAV per share. Under a reverse distribution mechanism, shareholders in a fund would observe a stable share price but a declining number of shares for their investment. This means that such an investor would lose money when the fund cancels shares. In either situation, the Board will need to determine that the approach is in the best interests of the fund and
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will need to ensure shareholders are provided adequate disclosures around the consequences of the approach chosen by the Board for the fund.
Purchase of Securities with Fixed Price “Puts.” Certain Funds have authority to purchase fixed rate Municipal Securities and, for a price, simultaneously acquire the right to sell such securities back to the seller at an agreed-upon rate at any time during a stated period or on a certain date. Such a right is generally denoted as a fixed price put. Puts with respect to fixed rate instruments are to be distinguished from the demand or repurchase features of VRDOs that enable certain Funds to dispose of such a security at a time when the market value of the security approximates its par value.
Recent Market Events. Since the market stresses associated with the 2008 financial crisis in the United States and global economies, periods of unusually high volatility in the financial markets and restrictive credit conditions, sometimes limited to a particular sector or a geography, continue to recur. Some countries, including the United States, have adopted and/or are considering the adoption of more protectionist trade policies, a move away from the tighter financial industry regulations that followed the financial crisis, and/or substantially reducing corporate taxes. The exact shape of these policies is still being considered, but the equity and debt markets may react strongly to expectations of change, which could increase volatility, especially if the market’s expectations are not borne out. A rise in protectionist trade policies, and the possibility of changes to some international trade agreements, could affect the economies of many nations in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. In addition, geopolitical and other risks, including environmental and public health, may add to instability in world economies and markets generally. Economies and financial markets throughout the world are becoming increasingly interconnected. As a result, whether or not a Fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to countries experiencing economic, political and/or financial difficulties, the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments may be negatively affected by such events.
Governments and regulators may take actions that affect the regulation of the Fund or the instruments in which the Fund invests, or the issuers of such instruments, in ways that are unforeseeable. Future legislation or regulation or other governmental actions could limit or preclude the Fund’s abilities to achieve its investment objectives or otherwise adversely impact an investment in the Fund. Recent policy initiatives undertaken by the U.S. government have the potential to impact international relations, trade agreements and the overall regulatory environment in ways that could create uncertainty and instability in domestic and global markets, and could adversely affect the investment performance of the Fund. In particular, actions taken by the U.S. government in respect of international trade relations could lead to trade wars, increased costs for imported goods, disruptions in supply chains, reduced foreign investment, and instability in regions where the Fund invests. Political and diplomatic events within the United States, including a contentious domestic political environment, changes in political party control of one or more branches of the U.S. Government, the U.S. Government’s inability at times to agree on a long-term budget and deficit reduction plan, the threat of a U.S. Government shutdown, and disagreements over, or threats not to increase, the U.S. Government’s borrowing limit (or “debt ceiling”), as well as political and diplomatic events abroad, may affect investor and consumer confidence and may adversely impact financial markets and the broader economy, perhaps suddenly and to a significant degree. A downgrade of the ratings of U.S. Government debt obligations, or concerns about the U.S. Government’s credit quality in general, could have a substantial negative effect on the U.S. and global economies. For example, concerns about the U.S. Government’s credit quality may cause increased volatility in the stock and bond markets, higher interest rates, reduced prices and liquidity of U.S. Treasury securities, and/or increased costs of various kinds of debt. Moreover, although the U.S. Government has honored its credit obligations, there remains a possibility that the United States could default on its obligations. The consequences of such an unprecedented event are impossible to predict, but it is likely that a default by the United States would be highly disruptive to the U.S. and global securities markets and could significantly impair the value of the Fund’s investments.
An outbreak of respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) that was first detected in December 2019 developed into a global pandemic. This pandemic resulted in closing borders, enhanced health screenings, healthcare service preparation and delivery, quarantines, cancellations, disruptions to supply chains and customer activity, as well as general concern and uncertainty for a period of time. The impact of this outbreak has adversely affected the economies of many nations and the entire global economy and impacted individual issuers and capital. Other infectious illness outbreaks that may arise in the future could have similar or other unforeseen effects. The duration of any such outbreak and its effects cannot be determined with certainty.
Repurchase Agreements and Purchase and Sale Contracts. Funds may invest in Taxable Securities (as defined below, see “Taxable Money Market Securities”) pursuant to repurchase agreements. Repurchase agreements may be entered into only with a member bank of the Federal Reserve System or primary dealer in U.S. Government securities
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or an affiliate thereof that meets the creditworthiness standards adopted by the Manager. Under such agreements, the bank or primary dealer or an affiliate thereof agrees, upon entering into the contract, to repurchase the security at a mutually agreed upon time and price, thereby determining the yield during the term of the agreement. This results in a fixed rate of return insulated from market fluctuations during such period. Repurchase agreements may be construed to be collateralized loans by the purchaser to the seller secured by the securities transferred to the purchaser. In the case of a repurchase agreement, a Fund will require the seller to provide additional collateral if the market value of the securities falls below the repurchase price at any time during the term of the repurchase agreement. One common type of repurchase agreement a Fund may enter into is a “tri-party” repurchase agreement. In “tri-party” repurchase agreements, an unaffiliated third party custodian maintains accounts to hold collateral for the Fund and its counterparties and, therefore, the Fund may be subject to the credit risk of those custodians. In any repurchase transaction to which a Fund is a party, collateral for a repurchase agreement may include cash items and obligations issued by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities. Collateral, however, is not limited to the foregoing and may include, for example, obligations rated below the highest category by NRSROs, including collateral that may be below investment grade. Collateral for a repurchase agreement may also include securities that a Fund could not hold directly without the repurchase obligation. Irrespective of the type of collateral underlying the repurchase agreement, the Fund must determine that a repurchase obligation with a particular counterparty involves minimal credit risk to the Fund and otherwise satisfies any additional credit quality standards applicable to the Fund.
In the event of default by the seller under a repurchase agreement construed to be a collateralized loan, the underlying securities are not owned by the Fund but only constitute collateral for the seller’s obligation to pay the repurchase price. Therefore, a Fund may suffer time delays and incur costs or possible losses in connection with the disposition of the collateral. In the event of a default under a repurchase agreement that is construed to be a collateralized loan, instead of the contractual fixed rate of return, the rate of return to a Fund will depend upon intervening fluctuations of the market value of such security and the accrued interest on the security. In such event, a Fund would have rights against the seller for breach of contract with respect to any losses arising from market fluctuations following the failure of the seller to perform. In general, for Federal income tax purposes, repurchase agreements are treated as collateralized loans secured by the securities “sold.” Therefore, amounts earned under such agreements, even if the underlying securities are tax-exempt securities, will not be considered tax-exempt interest. From time to time, a Fund also may invest in money market securities pursuant to purchase and sale contracts. While purchase and sale contracts are similar to repurchase agreements, purchase and sale contracts are structured so as to be in substance more like a purchase and sale of the underlying security than is the case with repurchase agreements and, with purchase and sale contracts, the purchaser receives any interest on the security paid during the period of the contract.
Repurchase agreements pose certain risks for a Fund that utilizes them. Such risks are not unique to the Fund but are inherent in repurchase agreements. The Funds seek to minimize such risks but because of the inherent legal uncertainties involved in repurchase agreements, such risks cannot be eliminated. Lower quality collateral and collateral with longer maturities may be subject to greater price fluctuations than higher quality collateral and collateral with shorter maturities. If the repurchase agreement counterparty were to default, lower quality collateral may be more difficult to liquidate than higher quality collateral. Should the counterparty default and the amount of collateral not be sufficient to cover the counterparty’s repurchase obligation, a Fund would retain the status of an unsecured creditor of the counterparty (i.e., the position the Fund would normally be in if it were to hold, pursuant to its investment policies, other unsecured debt securities of the defaulting counterparty) with respect to the amount of the shortfall. As an unsecured creditor, a Fund would be at risk of losing some or all of the principal and income involved in the transaction.
Regulations adopted by global prudential regulators that are now in effect require certain bank-regulated counterparties and certain of their affiliates to include in certain financial contracts, including many repurchase agreements and purchase and sale contracts, terms that delay or restrict the rights of counterparties, such as a Fund, to terminate such agreements, take foreclosure action, exercise other default rights or restrict transfers of credit support in the event that the counterparty and/or its affiliates are subject to certain types of resolution or insolvency proceedings. It is possible that these new requirements, as well as potential additional government regulation and other developments in the market, could adversely affect a Fund’s ability to terminate existing repurchase agreements and purchase and sale contracts or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements. A Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements with the same parties with whom it may enter into repurchase agreements. Under a reverse repurchase agreement, a Fund sells securities to another party and agrees to repurchase them at a mutually agreed-upon date and price. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that (i) the market value of the securities retained in lieu of sale by a Fund may decline
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below the price of the securities the Fund has sold but is obligated to repurchase and (ii) the price of the securities sold may decline below the price at which the Fund is required to repurchase them. In addition, if the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, such buyer or its trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce a Fund’s obligations to repurchase the securities and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such decision.
Additionally, regulations adopted by global prudential regulators that are now in effect require certain bank-regulated counterparties and certain of their affiliates to include in certain financial contracts, including many reverse repurchase agreements, terms that delay or restrict the rights of counterparties, such as a Fund, to terminate such agreements, take foreclosure action, exercise other default rights or restrict transfers of credit support in the event that the counterparty and/or its affiliates are subject to certain types of resolution or insolvency proceedings. It is possible that these new requirements, as well as potential additional government regulation and other developments in the market, could adversely affect a Fund’s ability to terminate existing reverse repurchase agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
Rule 2a-7 Requirements. Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act sets forth portfolio maturity, liquidity, diversification and quality requirements applicable to all money market funds.
Maturity. Each Fund is managed so that the dollar-weighted average maturity of all of its investments will be 60 days or less, and the dollar-weighted average life of all of its investments will be 120 days or less. In addition, the Funds will not acquire any instrument with a remaining maturity of greater than 397 days. The “dollar-weighted average maturity” of a Fund is the average amount of time until the issuers of the debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio must pay off the principal amount of the debt. “Dollar-weighted” means the larger the dollar value of a debt security based on its market value in a Fund, the more weight it gets in calculating this average. To calculate the dollar-weighted average maturity, the Fund may treat a variable or floating rate security under certain circumstances as having a maturity equal to the time remaining to the security’s next interest rate reset date or the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand rather than the security’s actual maturity. “Dollar-weighted average life” of a Fund’s portfolio is calculated without reference to the exceptions used in calculating the dollar-weighted average maturity for variable or floating rate securities regarding the use of interest rate reset dates.
Liquidity. Rule 2a-7 contains a “general liquidity requirement” that requires that each Fund hold securities that are sufficiently liquid to meet reasonably foreseeable shareholder redemptions in light of its obligations under section 22(e) of the Investment Company Act, and any commitments the Fund has made to shareholders. To comply with this general liquidity requirement, each Fund’s adviser or sub-adviser must consider factors that could affect the Fund’s liquidity needs, including characteristics of the Fund’s investors and their likely redemptions. Depending upon the volatility of its cash flows (particularly shareholder redemptions), this provision may require a Fund to maintain greater liquidity than would be required by the daily and weekly minimum liquidity requirements discussed below. The Funds will not acquire any security other than daily liquid assets unless, immediately following such purchase, at least 25% of its total assets would be invested in daily liquid assets. The Funds will not acquire any security other than weekly liquid assets unless, immediately following such purchase, at least 50% of its total assets would be invested in weekly liquid assets. “Daily Liquid Assets” include (i) cash; (ii) direct obligations of the U.S. Government; (iii) securities that will mature, as determined without reference to the maturity shortening provisions of Rule 2a-7 regarding interest rate readjustments, or are subject to a demand feature that is exercisable and payable within one business day; and (iv) amounts receivable and due unconditionally within one business day on pending sales of portfolio securities. “Weekly Liquid Assets” include (i) cash; (ii) direct obligations of the U.S. Government; (iii) U.S. Government securities issued by a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an instrumentality of the U.S. Government pursuant to authority granted by the U.S. Congress, that are issued at a discount to the principal amount to be repaid at maturity without provision for the payment of interest and have a remaining maturity of 60 days or less; (iv) securities that will mature, as determined without reference to the maturity shortening provisions of Rule 2a-7 regarding interest rate readjustments, or are subject to a demand feature that is exercisable and payable within five business days; and (v) amounts receivable and due unconditionally within five business days on pending sales of portfolio securities. No Fund will invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in securities that are illiquid (i.e., securities that cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the value ascribed to them by the Fund).
Portfolio Diversification and Quality. Immediately after the acquisition of any security, taxable money market funds must not have invested more than: Five percent of its total assets in securities issued by the issuer of the security, provided, however, such a fund may invest up to twenty-five percent of its total assets in the securities of a
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single issuer for a period of up to three business days after the acquisition thereof; provided, further, that the fund may not invest in the securities of more than one issuer in accordance with the foregoing proviso at any time; and ten percent of its total assets in securities issued by or subject to demand features or guarantees from the institution that issued the demand feature or guarantee.
Government Money Market Funds. A government money market fund invests at least 99.5% of its total assets in obligations of the U.S. Government, including obligations of the U.S. Treasury and federal agencies and instrumentalities, as well as repurchase agreements collateralized by government securities. Under Rule 2a-7, a government money market fund may, but is not required to, impose discretionary liquidity fees. The Board of Trustees has determined that each Fund that is a government money market fund will not be subject to discretionary liquidity fees under Rule 2a-7.
Retail Money Market Funds. A retail money market fund is a money market fund that has policies and procedures reasonably designed to limit all beneficial owners of the fund to natural persons. Under Rule 2a-7, a retail money market fund is subject to the discretionary liquidity fees provisions; however, a retail money market fund is permitted to use the amortized cost method of accounting or the penny rounding method, allowing a retail money market fund to maintain a stable NAV.
Securities Lending. Each Fund may lend portfolio securities to certain borrowers that BlackRock determines to be creditworthy, including borrowers affiliated with BlackRock. The borrowers provide collateral that is maintained in an amount at least equal to the current market value of the securities loaned. No securities loan shall be made on behalf of a Fund if, as a result, the aggregate value of all securities loans of the particular Fund exceeds one-third of the value of such Fund’s total assets (including the value of the collateral received). A Fund may terminate a loan at any time and obtain the return of the securities loaned. Each Fund receives, by way of substitute payment, the value of any interest or cash or non-cash distributions paid on the loaned securities that it would have otherwise received if the securities were not on loan.
With respect to loans that are collateralized by cash, the borrower may be entitled to receive a fee based on the amount of cash collateral. The Funds are compensated by any positive difference between the amount earned on the reinvestment of cash collateral and the fee paid to the borrower. In the case of collateral other than cash, a Fund is compensated by a fee paid by the borrower equal to a percentage of the market value of the loaned securities. Any cash collateral received by the Fund for such loans, and uninvested cash, may be reinvested in certain short-term instruments either directly on behalf of the Fund or through one or more joint accounts or money market funds, including those affiliated with BlackRock; such investments are subject to investment risk.
Securities lending involves exposure to certain risks, including operational risk (i.e., the risk of losses resulting from problems in the settlement and accounting process), “gap” risk (i.e., the risk of a mismatch between the return on cash collateral reinvestments and the fees each Fund has agreed to pay a borrower), foreign exchange risk (i.e., the risk of a shortfall at default when a cash collateral investment is denominated in a currency other than the currency of the assets being loaned due to movements in foreign exchange rates), and credit, legal, counterparty and market risks (including the risk that market events, including but not limited to corporate actions, could lead a Fund to lend securities that are trading at a premium due to increased demand, or to recall loaned securities or to lend less or none at all, which could lead to reduced securities lending revenue). If a Fund were to lend out securities that are subject to a corporate action and commit to the borrower a particular election as determined by the Fund’s investment adviser, the benefit the Fund would receive in respect of committing to such election may or may not be less than the benefit the Fund would have received from making a different election in such corporate action. If a securities lending counterparty were to default, a Fund would be subject to the risk of a possible delay in receiving collateral or in recovering the loaned securities, or to a possible loss of rights in the collateral. In the event a borrower does not return a Fund’s securities as agreed, the Fund’s ability to participate in a corporate action event may be impacted, or the Fund may experience losses if the proceeds received from liquidating the collateral do not at least equal the value of the loaned security at the time the collateral is liquidated, plus the transaction costs incurred in purchasing replacement securities. This latter event could trigger adverse tax consequences for a Fund. A Fund could lose money if its short-term investment of the collateral declines in value over the period of the loan. Substitute payments received by a Fund representing dividends paid on securities loaned out by the Fund will not be considered qualified dividend income, and distributions by the Fund of such substitute payments will not constitute qualified dividend income. Additionally, substitute payments received by a Fund representing qualified REIT dividends paid on REIT securities loaned out by the Fund will not be considered qualified REIT dividends, and distributions by the Fund of such substitute payments will not be eligible for a 20% deduction currently available for ordinary REIT dividends paid to non-corporate shareholders provided certain other requirements are satisfied. The securities lending agent will take into account the tax effects on shareholders caused by these differences in connection with a Fund’s
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securities lending program. Substitute payments received on tax-exempt securities loaned out will not be tax-exempt income. There could also be changes in the status of issuers under applicable laws and regulations, including tax regulations, that may impact the regulatory or tax treatment of loaned securities and could, for example, result in a delay in the payment of dividend equivalent payments owed to a Fund (as permitted by applicable law).
Regulations adopted by global prudential regulators require certain bank-regulated counterparties and certain of their affiliates to include in certain financial contracts, including many securities lending agreements, terms that delay or restrict the rights of counterparties, such as the Fund, to terminate such agreements, foreclose upon collateral, exercise other default rights or restrict transfers of credit support in the event that the counterparty and/or its affiliates are subject to certain types of resolution or insolvency proceedings. It is possible that these requirements, as well as potential additional government regulation and other developments in the market, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to terminate existing securities lending agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements. Prudential regulation may also favor lenders that can provide additional protections, such as liens that are exercisable in connection with a lender default, to borrowers. Certain Funds expect to provide additional protections to borrowers, where permitted pursuant to a Fund’s investment policies and if BlackRock believes doing so is in the best interest of the Fund.
Structured Notes. Structured notes and other related instruments purchased by a Fund are generally privately negotiated debt obligations where the principal and/or interest is determined by reference to the performance of a specific asset, benchmark asset, market or interest rate (“reference measure”). Issuers of structured notes include corporations and banks. The interest rate or the principal amount payable upon maturity or redemption may increase or decrease, depending upon changes in the value of the reference measure. The terms of a structured note may provide that, in certain circumstances, no principal is due at maturity and, therefore, may result in a loss of invested capital by a Fund. The interest and/or principal payments that may be made on a structured product may vary widely, depending on a variety of factors, including the volatility of the reference measure.
Structured notes may be positively or negatively indexed, so the appreciation of the reference measure may produce an increase or a decrease in the interest rate or the value of the principal at maturity. The rate of return on structured notes may be determined by applying a multiplier to the performance or differential performance of reference measures. Application of a multiplier involves leverage that will serve to magnify the potential for gain and the risk of loss.
The purchase of structured notes exposes a Fund to the credit risk of the issuer of the structured product. Structured notes may also be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult to price accurately than less complex securities and instruments or more traditional debt securities. The secondary market for structured notes could be illiquid making them difficult to sell when the Fund determines to sell them. The possible lack of a liquid secondary market for structured notes and the resulting inability of the Fund to sell a structured note could expose the Fund to losses and could make structured notes more difficult for the Fund to value accurately.
Taxable Money Market Securities. Certain Funds may invest in a variety of taxable money market securities (“Taxable Securities”). The Taxable Securities in which certain Funds may invest consist of U.S. Government securities, U.S. Government agency securities, domestic bank certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances, short term corporate debt securities such as commercial paper and repurchase agreements. These investments must have a maturity not in excess of 397 days from the date of purchase.
The standards applicable to Taxable Securities in which certain Funds invest are essentially the same as those described above with respect to Municipal Securities. Certain Funds may not invest in any security issued by a depository institution unless such institution is organized and operating in the United States, has total assets of at least $1 billion and is federally insured. Taxable Securities in which the Funds invest will be determined by the Manager to present minimal credit risks to the Fund, if required, and certain Funds may require that portfolio investments (or their issuers) receive minimum credit ratings from one or more NRSROs, or if not rated, are determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality to securities that have received such rating(s).
U.S. Government Obligations. Examples of the types of U.S. Government obligations that may be held by certain Funds include U.S. Treasury Bills, Treasury Notes and Treasury Bonds and the obligations of the Federal Housing Administration, Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Small Business Administration, the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), Federal Financing Bank, General Services Administration, The Co-operative Central Bank, Federal Home Loan Banks, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), Farm Credit System and
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Tennessee Valley Authority. Certain Funds may also invest in mortgage-related securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities, including such obligations of Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
To the extent consistent with their respective investment objectives, the Funds may invest in a variety of U.S. Treasury obligations and obligations issued by or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies, instrumentalities or U.S. Government sponsored enterprises. Not all U.S. Government obligations carry the same credit support. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government would provide financial support to its agencies, instrumentalities or U.S. Government sponsored enterprises if it were not obligated to do so by law. There is no assurance that these commitments will be undertaken or complied with in the future.
In addition, certain Funds may invest in U.S. Treasury Floating Rate Notes (FRNs), which are two-year notes issued by the U.S. Treasury. The interest rate of an FRN changes over the life of the FRN and is the sum of an index rate and a spread. The index rate of an FRN is tied to the highest accepted discount rate of the most recent 13-week Treasury bill and is re-set every week. The spread is a rate applied to the index rate. The spread stays the same for the life of an FRN. The spread is determined at the auction where the FRN is first offered. The spread is the highest accepted discount margin in that auction. See also “Variable and Floating Rate Instruments” below.
Variable and Floating Rate Instruments. Certain Funds may purchase variable and floating rate instruments. Variable and floating rate instruments are subject to the credit quality standards described in the Prospectus. In some cases, the Funds may require that the obligation to pay the principal of the instrument be backed by a letter of credit or guarantee. Such instruments may carry stated maturities in excess of 397 days provided that the maturity-shortening provisions stated in Rule 2a-7 are satisfied. Although a particular variable or floating rate demand instrument may not be actively traded in a secondary market, in some cases, a Fund may be entitled to principal on demand and may be able to resell such notes in the dealer market.
Variable and floating rate instruments held by a Fund generally may have maturities of more than 397 days provided: (i) they are subject to a demand feature entitling the Fund to the payment of principal and interest within 397 days of exercise, unless the instrument is issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies and/or instrumentalities, and (ii) the rate of interest on such instruments is adjusted at periodic intervals which may extend up to 397 days.
In determining a Fund’s weighted average portfolio maturity and whether a long-term variable rate demand instrument has a remaining maturity of 397 days or less, the instrument will be deemed by a Fund to have a maturity equal to the longer of the period remaining until its next interest rate adjustment or the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand. In determining a Fund’s weighted average portfolio maturity and whether a long-term floating rate demand instrument has a remaining maturity of 397 days or less, the instrument will be deemed by a Fund to have a maturity equal to the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand. In addition, a variable or floating rate instrument issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies and/or instrumentalities will be deemed by a Fund to have a maturity equal to the period remaining until its next interest rate adjustment (in the case of a variable rate instrument) or one day (in the case of a floating rate instrument). Variable and floating rate notes are frequently rated by credit rating agencies, and their issuers must satisfy the Fund’s quality and maturity requirements. If an issuer of such a note were to default on its payment obligation, the Fund might be unable to dispose of the note because of the absence of an active secondary market and might, for this or other reasons, suffer a loss.
When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments. A Fund may purchase or sell securities that it is entitled to receive on a when-issued basis. A Fund may also purchase or sell securities on a delayed delivery basis or through a forward commitment (including on a “TBA” (to be announced) basis). These transactions involve the purchase or sale of securities by a Fund at an established price with payment and delivery taking place in the future. The Fund enters into these transactions to obtain what is considered an advantageous price to the Fund at the time of entering into the transaction.
Pursuant to recommendations of the Treasury Market Practices Group, which is sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, a Fund or its counterparty generally will be required to post collateral when entering into certain forward-settling transactions, including without limitation TBA transactions.
There can be no assurance that a security purchased on a when-issued basis will be issued or that a security purchased or sold on a delayed delivery basis or through a forward commitment will be delivered. Also, the value of securities in these transactions on the delivery date may be more or less than the price paid by the Fund to purchase the securities. The Fund will lose money if the value of the security in such a transaction declines below the purchase price and will not benefit if the value of the security appreciates above the sale price during the commitment period.
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If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, a Fund may dispose of or renegotiate a commitment after it has been entered into, and may sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement date. In these cases the Fund may realize a taxable capital gain or loss.
When a Fund engages in when-issued, TBA or forward commitment transactions, it relies on the other party to consummate the trade. Failure of such party to do so may result in the Fund’s incurring a loss or missing an opportunity to obtain a price considered to be advantageous.
The market value of the securities underlying a commitment to purchase securities, and any subsequent fluctuations in their market value, is taken into account when determining the market value of a Fund starting on the day the Fund agrees to purchase the securities. The Fund does not earn interest on the securities it has committed to purchase until they are paid for and delivered on the settlement date.
Regulations adopted by global prudential regulators that are now in effect require certain bank-regulated counterparties and certain of their affiliates to include in certain financial contracts, including many agreements with respect to when-issued, TBA and forward commitment transactions, terms that delay or restrict the rights of counterparties, such as a Fund, to terminate such agreements, foreclose upon collateral, exercise other default rights or restrict transfers of credit support in the event that the counterparty and/or its affiliates are subject to certain types of resolution or insolvency proceedings. It is possible that these new requirements, as well as potential additional government regulation and other developments in the market, could adversely affect a Fund’s ability to terminate existing agreements with respect to these transactions or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
Diversification Status
Each Fund’s investments will be limited in order to allow the Fund to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code. To qualify, among other requirements, each Fund will limit its investments so that at the close of each quarter of the taxable year (i) at least 50% of the market value of each Fund’s total assets is represented by cash, securities of other regulated investment companies, U.S. Government securities and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the Fund’s assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities (other than U.S. Government securities or securities of other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer, any two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses or in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (i.e., partnerships that are traded on an established securities market or tradable on a secondary market, other than partnerships that derive 90% of their income from interest, dividends, capital gains, and other traditional permitted mutual fund income). See “Dividends and Taxes — Taxes.”
Each Fund has elected to be classified as “diversified” under the Investment Company Act. Each Fund must also satisfy the diversification requirements set forth in Rule 2a-7.
Management and Other Service Arrangements
Trustees and Officers
See “Information on Directors and Officers, ‘— Biographical Information,’ ‘— Share Ownership’ and ‘— Compensation of Directors’ ” or “Information on Trustees and Officers, ‘— Biographical Information,’ ‘— Share Ownership’ and ‘— Compensation of Trustees’,” as applicable, in Part I of each Fund’s SAI for biographical and certain other information relating to the Trustees and officers of your Fund, including Trustees’ compensation.
Management Arrangements
Management Services. The Manager provides each Fund with investment advisory and management services. Subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees, the Manager is responsible for the actual management of a Fund’s portfolio and reviews the Fund’s holdings in light of its own research analysis and that from other relevant sources. The responsibility for making decisions to buy, sell or hold a particular security rests with the Manager. The Manager performs certain of the other administrative services and provides all the office space, facilities, equipment and necessary personnel for management of each Fund.
Management Fee. Each Fund has entered into a management agreement with the Manager pursuant to which the Manager receives for its services to the Fund monthly compensation at an annual rate based on the average daily
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net assets of the Fund. For information regarding the fees paid by your Fund to the Manager for the Fund’s last three fiscal years or other applicable periods, see “Management, Advisory and Other Service Arrangements — Management Agreement” or “Management and Advisory Arrangements,” as applicable, in Part I of each Fund’s SAI. Each Management Agreement obligates the Manager to provide investment advisory services and to pay, or cause an affiliate to pay, for maintaining its staff and personnel and to provide office space, facilities and necessary personnel for the Fund. Each Manager is also obligated to pay, or cause an affiliate to pay, the fees of all officers and Trustees of the Fund who are affiliated persons of the Manager or any affiliate.
For Funds that do not have an administration agreement with the Manager, each Management Agreement obligates the Manager to provide management services and to pay all compensation of and furnish office space for officers and employees of a Fund connected with investment and economic research, trading and investment management of the Fund, as well as the fees of all Trustees of the Fund who are interested persons of the Fund. Each Fund pays all other expenses incurred in the operation of that Fund, including among other things: taxes; expenses for legal and auditing services; costs of preparing, printing and mailing proxies, shareholder reports, prospectuses and statements of additional information, except to the extent paid by BlackRock Investments, LLC (the “Distributor” or “BRIL”), charges of the custodian and sub-custodian, and the transfer agent; expenses of redemption of shares; Commission fees; expenses of registering the shares under Federal, state or foreign laws; fees and expenses of Trustees who are not interested persons of a Fund as defined in the Investment Company Act; accounting and pricing costs (including the daily calculations of NAV); insurance; interest; brokerage costs; litigation and other extraordinary or non-recurring expenses; and other expenses properly payable by the Fund. Certain accounting services are provided to each Fund by The Bank of New York Mellon (“BNYM”), State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) or JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“JPM”) pursuant to an agreement between BNYM, State Street or JPM, as applicable, and each Fund. Each Fund pays a fee for these services. In addition, the Manager provides certain accounting services to each Fund and the Fund pays the Manager a fee for such services. The Distributor pays certain promotional expenses of the Funds incurred in connection with the offering of shares of the Funds. Certain expenses are financed by each Fund pursuant to distribution plans in compliance with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act. See “Purchase of Shares — Distribution and/or Shareholder Servicing Plans.”
Organization of the Manager. The Manager, BlackRock Advisors, LLC, is a Delaware limited liability company and an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc.
Duration and Termination. Unless earlier terminated as described below, each Management Agreement will remain in effect from year to year if approved annually (a) by the Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund and (b) by a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to such agreement or interested persons (as defined in the Investment Company Act) of any such party. The Management Agreements are not assignable and may be terminated without penalty on 60 days’ written notice at the option of either party thereto or by the vote of the shareholders of the Fund.
Other Service Arrangements
Administrative Services and Administrative Fee. Certain Funds have entered into an administration agreement (the “Administration Agreement”) with an administrator identified in the Fund’s Prospectus and Part I of the Fund’s SAI (each, an “Administrator”). For its services to a Fund, the Administrator receives monthly compensation at the annual rate set forth in each applicable Fund’s Prospectus. For information regarding any administrative fees paid by your Fund to the Administrator for the periods indicated, see “Management, Advisory and Other Service Arrangements — Administration Agreement” or “Management and Advisory Arrangements,” as applicable, in Part I of that Fund’s SAI.
For Funds that have an Administrator, the Administration Agreement obligates the Administrator to provide certain administrative services to the Fund and to pay, or cause its affiliates to pay, for maintaining its staff and personnel and to provide office space, facilities and necessary personnel for the Fund. Each Administrator is also obligated to pay, or cause its affiliates to pay, the fees of those officers and Trustees of the Fund who are affiliated persons of the Administrator or any of its affiliates.
Duration and Termination of Administration Agreement. Unless earlier terminated as described below, each Administration Agreement will continue from year to year if approved annually (a) by the Board of Trustees of each applicable Fund or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of such Fund and (b) by a majority of the Trustees of the Fund who are not parties to such contract or interested persons (as defined in the Investment Company Act) of any such party. Such contract is not assignable and may be terminated without penalty on written notice at the option of either party thereto or by the vote of the shareholders of the Fund.
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Transfer Agency Services. Each Fund has entered into an agreement with a transfer agent identified in the Fund’s Prospectus and Part I of the Fund’s SAI, pursuant to which the transfer agent is responsible for the issuance, transfer, and redemption of shares and the opening and maintenance of shareholder accounts. Each Fund pays a fee for these services.
See “Management, Advisory and Other Service Arrangements, ‘— Transfer Agent’ or ‘— Transfer Agency Agreement’ ” or “Management and Advisory Arrangements — Transfer Agency and Shareholders’ Administrative Services,” as applicable, in Part I of each Fund’s SAI.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. The Audit Committee of each Fund, the members of which are non-interested Trustees of the Fund, has selected an independent registered public accounting firm for that Fund that audits the Fund’s financial statements. Please see the inside back cover page of your Fund’s Prospectus and Part I, Section IX “Additional Information” of each Fund’s SAI for information on your Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm.
Custodian Services. The name and address of the custodian (the “Custodian”) of each Fund are provided on the inside back cover page of the Fund’s Prospectus. The Custodian is responsible for safeguarding and controlling the Fund’s cash and securities, handling the receipt and delivery of securities and collecting interest and dividends on the Fund’s investments. The Custodian is authorized to establish separate accounts in foreign currencies and to cause foreign securities owned by the Fund to be held in its offices outside the United States and with certain foreign banks and securities depositories. A Fund also may use special purpose custodian banks from time to time for certain assets.
Accounting Services. Each Fund has entered into an agreement with BNYM, State Street or JPM, pursuant to which BNYM, State Street or JPM provides certain accounting and administrative services to the Fund. Each Fund pays a fee for these services. The Manager or the Administrator also provides certain accounting services to each Fund and each Fund reimburses the Manager or the Administrator for these services.
See “Management, Advisory and Other Service Arrangements — Accounting Services” or “Management and Advisory Arrangements — Accounting Services,” as applicable, in Part I of each Fund’s SAI for information on the amounts paid by your Fund to BNYM, State Street or JPM, the Manager and/or the Administrator for the periods indicated.
Distribution Expenses. Each Fund has entered into a distribution agreement with the Distributor in connection with the continuous offering of each class of shares of the Fund (the “Distribution Agreements”). The Distribution Agreements obligate the Distributor to pay certain expenses in connection with the offering of each class of shares of the Funds. After the prospectuses, statements of additional information and periodic reports have been prepared, set in type and mailed to shareholders, the Distributor pays for the printing and distribution of these documents used in connection with the offering to dealers and investors. The Distributor also pays for other supplementary sales literature and advertising costs. Each Distribution Agreement is subject to the same renewal requirements and termination provisions as the Management Agreement described above. See “Information on Sales Charges and Distribution Related Expenses” or “Information on Distribution Related Expenses,” as applicable, in Part I of each Fund’s SAI for information on the fees paid by your Fund for the periods indicated.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
The Board of Trustees of each Fund and the Board of Directors of the Manager have each approved Portfolio Holdings and Related Information Distribution Guidelines (the “Policy”) regarding the disclosure of each Fund’s portfolio securities, as applicable, and other portfolio information. The purpose of the Policy is to ensure that (i) shareholders and prospective shareholders of the Funds have equal access to portfolio holdings and characteristics and (ii) third parties (such as consultants, intermediaries and third-party data providers) have access to such information no earlier or more frequently than shareholders and prospective shareholders.
Pursuant to the Policy, each Fund and the Manager may, under certain circumstances as set forth below, make selective disclosure with respect to a Fund’s Portfolio Characteristics (as defined below) and Portfolio Holdings (as defined below). The Board of Trustees of each Fund and the Board of Directors of the Manager have each approved the adoption by the Fund of the Policy, and employees of the Manager are responsible for adherence to the Policy. The Board of Trustees provides ongoing oversight of the Fund’s and Manager’s compliance with the Policy.
Disclosure of material non-public information (“Confidential Information”) about a Fund’s Portfolio Holdings and/or Portfolio Characteristics is prohibited, except as provided in the Policy.
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Confidential Information relating to a Fund may not be distributed to persons not employed by BlackRock unless the Fund has a legitimate business purpose for doing so and confidentiality obligations are in effect, as appropriate.
●
Portfolio Holdings: “Portfolio Holdings” are a Fund’s portfolio securities and other instruments, and include, but are not limited to:
●
for equity securities, information such as issuer name, CUSIP, ticker symbol, total shares and market value;
●
for fixed income securities, information such as issuer name, CUSIP, ticker symbol, coupon, maturity, current face value, market value, yield, WAL, WAM, duration and convexity;
●
for all securities, information such as quantity, SEDOL and market price as of a specific date;
●
for derivatives, indicative data including, but not limited to, pay leg, receive leg, notional amount, reset frequency and trade counterparty; and
●
for trading strategies, specific portfolio holdings, including the number of shares held, weightings of particular holdings, trading details, pending or recent transactions and portfolio management plans to purchase or sell particular securities or allocation within particular sectors.
●
Portfolio Characteristics (excluding Liquidity Metrics): “Portfolio Characteristics” include, but are not limited to, sector allocation, credit quality breakdown, maturity distribution, duration and convexity measures, average credit quality, average maturity, average coupon, top 10 holdings with percent of the fund held, average market capitalization, capitalization range, risk related information (e.g., value at risk, standard deviation), ROE, P/E, P/B, P/CF, P/S and EPS.
●
Additional characteristics specific to money market funds include, but are not limited to, historical daily and weekly liquid assets (as defined under Rule 2a-7) and historical fund net inflows and outflows.
●
Portfolio Characteristics — Liquidity Metrics:
●
“Liquidity Metrics” which seek to ascertain a Fund’s liquidity profile under BlackRock’s global liquidity risk methodology which include, but are not limited to: (a) disclosure regarding the number of days needed to liquidate a portfolio or the portfolio’s underlying investments; and (b) the percentage of a Fund’s NAV invested in a particular liquidity tier under BlackRock’s global liquidity risk methodology.
●
The dissemination of position-level liquidity metrics data and any non-public regulatory data pursuant to SEC Rule 22e-4 (including SEC liquidity tiering) is not permitted unless pre-approved.
●
Disclosure of Liquidity Metrics pursuant to Section 3 of the Policy should be reviewed by BlackRock’s Risk and Quantitative Analysis Group and the relevant portfolio management team prior to dissemination.
Information that is non-material or that may be obtained from public sources (i.e., information that has been publicly disclosed via a filing with the SEC (e.g., a fund’s annual report and annual financial statements), through a press release or placement on a publicly-available internet website), or information derived or calculated from such public sources shall not be deemed Confidential Information.
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Portfolio Holdings and Portfolio Characteristics may be disclosed in accordance with the below schedule or as specified in a Fund’s registration statement. 
Open-End Mutual Funds (Excluding Money Market Funds)
 
Time Periods for Portfolio Holdings
Prior to 20 Calendar Days After
Month-End
20 Calendar Days After Month-End To
Public Filing
Portfolio
Holdings
Cannot disclose without non-disclosure or
confidentiality agreement and Chief
Compliance Officer (“CCO”) approval.
May disclose to shareholders, prospective
shareholders, intermediaries, consultants
and third-party data providers (e.g., Lipper,
Morningstar and Bloomberg), except with
respect to Global Allocation funds1,
BlackRock Core Bond Portfolio and
BlackRock Strategic Income Opportunities
Portfolio of BlackRock Funds V, BlackRock
Strategic Global Bond Fund, Inc., BlackRock
Total Return V.I. Fund of BlackRock Variable
Series Funds II, Inc., BlackRock Sustainable
Total Return Fund of BlackRock Bond Fund,
Inc., BlackRock Unconstrained Equity Fund
and BlackRock Systematic Multi-Strategy
Fund (each of whose portfolio holdings may
be disclosed 60 calendar days after month-
end). BlackRock generally discloses portfolio
holdings information on the lag times
established herein on its public website. If
Portfolio Holdings are disclosed to one party,
they must also be disclosed to all other
parties requesting the same information.
 
Time Periods for Portfolio Characteristics
Portfolio
Characteristics
(Excluding
Liquidity
Metrics)
Prior to 5 Calendar Days After Month-End
5 Calendar Days After Month-End
Cannot disclose without non-disclosure or
confidentiality agreement and CCO
approval.1,2
May disclose to shareholders, prospective
shareholders, intermediaries, consultants
and third-party data providers (e.g., Lipper,
Morningstar and Bloomberg). If Portfolio
Characteristics are disclosed to one party,
they must also be disclosed to all other
parties requesting the same information.
Portfolio
Characteristics —
Liquidity Metrics
Prior to 60 Calendar Days After Calendar
Quarter-End
60 Calendar Days After Calendar
Quarter-End
Cannot disclose without non-disclosure or
confidentiality agreement and CCO approval.
May disclose to shareholders, prospective
shareholders, intermediaries and
consultants; provided portfolio management
has approved. If Liquidity Metrics are
disclosed to one party, they must also be
disclosed to all other parties requesting the
same information.
 
1
Global Allocation Exception: For purposes of portfolio holdings, Global Allocation funds include BlackRock Global Allocation Fund, Inc., BlackRock Global Allocation Portfolio of BlackRock Series Fund, Inc. and BlackRock Global Allocation V.I. Fund of BlackRock Variable Series Funds, Inc. Information on certain Portfolio Characteristics of BlackRock Global Allocation Portfolio and BlackRock Global Allocation V.I. Fund is available, upon request, to insurance companies that use these funds as underlying investments (and to advisers and sub-advisers of funds invested in BlackRock Global Allocation Portfolio and BlackRock Global Allocation V.I. Fund) in their variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies on a weekly basis (or such other period as may be determined to be appropriate). Disclosure of such characteristics of these two funds constitutes a disclosure of Confidential Information and is being made for reasons deemed appropriate by BlackRock and in accordance with the requirements set forth in these guidelines. If Portfolio Characteristics are disclosed to one party, they must also be disclosed to all other parties requesting the same information.
2
Strategic Income Opportunities Exception: Information on certain Portfolio Characteristics of BlackRock Strategic Income Opportunities
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Portfolio of BlackRock Funds V may be made available to shareholders, prospective shareholders, intermediaries, consultants and third party data providers, upon request on a more frequent basis as may be deemed appropriate by BlackRock from time-to-time. If Portfolio Characteristics are disclosed to one party, they must also be disclosed to all other parties requesting the same information. 
Open-End Mutual Funds and ETFs (Excluding Money Market Mutual Funds and MM ETFs)
 
Time Periods for Portfolio Characteristics: Liquidity Metrics
Prior to 60 Calendar Days After Calendar
Quarter-End
60 Calendar Days After Calendar
Quarter-End
Portfolio
Characteristics -
Liquidity Metrics
Cannot disclose without non-disclosure or
confidentiality agreement and Chief
Compliance Officer (“CCO”) approval.
May disclose to shareholders, prospective
shareholders, intermediaries and
consultants; provided portfolio management
has approved. If Liquidity Metrics are
disclosed to one party, they must also be
disclosed to all other parties requesting the
same information.
 
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Money Market Mutual Funds and ETFs 3,4,5
Money Market ETFs will comply with the disclosure requirements under both the Money Market (Rule 2a-7) Policy
and the ETF Rule (Rule 6c-11) Policy.
 
Time Periods
Prior to 5 Calendar Days
After Month-End
5 Calendar Days After
Month-End to Date of Public Filing
Portfolio
Holdings
Cannot disclose without non-disclosure or
confidentiality agreement and CCO approval
except the following Portfolio Holdings
information is required to be released on the
website pursuant to Rule 2a-7 on a monthly
basis: name of issuer, category of
investment, CUSIP, principal amount, maturity
dates, yields and value.
BlackRock will release this information on the
following timelines or on a more frequent
timeline than required under Rule 2a-7:
•Government MMFs: Daily portfolio holdings
are released on the website on a one
business day lag.
•Money Market ETFs (prime and
government): Daily portfolio holdings
information released on a daily basis
pursuant to ETF rule requirements.
•Certain Money Market Mutual Funds and
Money Market ETFs: Weekly schedule of
investments (PDF) is posted to the website
at least one business day after week-end.
(The Cash business identifies those Funds.)
May disclose to shareholders, prospective
shareholders, intermediaries, consultants
and third party data providers. If Portfolio
Holdings are disclosed to one party, they
must also be disclosed to all other parties
requesting the same information.
Portfolio
Characteristics
Cannot disclose without non-disclosure or
confidentiality agreement and CCO approval
except the following information is:
(i) required to be released on the Fund’s
website daily (i.e., each Business Day as of
the end of the preceding Business Day):
•Historical NAVs calculated based on market
factors (e.g., marked to market).
•Percentage of fund assets invested in daily
and weekly liquid assets (as defined under
Rule 2a-7).
•Daily net flow information (inflows less
outflows).
•Other information as may be required by
Rule 2a-7.
(ii) voluntarily released on the Fund’s website
daily (i.e., each Business Day as of the end
of the preceding Business Day):
•Fund SEC yields, WAM (required monthly),
WAL (required monthly), fund size and share
class size.
May disclose to shareholders, prospective
shareholders, intermediaries, consultants
and third party data providers. If Portfolio
Characteristics are disclosed to one party,
they must also be disclosed to all other
parties requesting the same information.
 
3
BlackRock Short Obligations Fund. Fund’s holdings may be disclosed in accordance with the frequency for money market funds.
4
Circle Reserve Fund Exception: Information on portfolio holdings and certain portfolio characteristics of the Circle Reserve Fund may be made available to the shareholders of the Fund, upon request, on a more frequent basis as may be deemed appropriate by BlackRock from time-to-time.
5
Portfolio Holdings information is required to be disclosed daily on an ETF’s website under Rule 6c-11 under the 1940 Act. Specifically, on each
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Business Day, prior to the opening of regular trading on the ETF’s primary listing exchange, an ETF is required to disclose on its website Portfolio Holdings information as set forth in the ETF Rule Policy that will form the basis of the ETF’s next net asset value per share calculation.
Guidelines for Confidential and Non-Material Information. Confidential Information may be disclosed to the Fund’s Board of Trustees and its counsel, outside counsel for the Fund, the Fund’s auditors and to certain third-party service providers (e.g., Fund administrator, Fund custodian, proxy voting service), securities lending borrowers, and broker-dealers that are fund counterparties. Non-disclosure or confidentiality agreements will be in place with such service providers, borrowers, and broker-dealers. With respect to Confidential Information, the Fund’s CCO or his or her designee may authorize the following, subject in the case of (ii) and (iii) to a confidentiality or non-disclosure arrangement:
(i)
the preparation and posting of the Fund’s Portfolio Holdings and/or Portfolio Characteristics to its website on a more frequent basis than authorized above;
(ii)
the disclosure of the Fund’s Portfolio Holdings to third-party service providers not noted above; and
(iii)
the disclosure of the Fund’s Portfolio Holdings and/or Portfolio Characteristics to other parties for legitimate business purposes.
Fact Sheets and Reports
●
Fund Fact Sheets are available to shareholders, prospective shareholders, intermediaries and consultants on a monthly or quarterly basis no earlier than the fifth calendar day after the end of a month or quarter.
Other Information. The Policy shall also apply to other Confidential Information of a Fund such as performance attribution analyses or security-specific information (e.g., information about Fund holdings where an issuer has been downgraded, been acquired or declared bankruptcy).
Data on NAVs, asset levels (by total Fund and share class), accruals, yields, capital gains, dividends and fund returns (net of fees by share class) are generally available to shareholders, prospective shareholders, consultants, and third-party data providers upon request, as soon as such data is available.
Contact Information. For information about portfolio holdings and characteristics, BlackRock fund shareholders and prospective investors should call the number set out on the back cover of the Prospectus.
Compensation. Neither a Fund, a service provider nor any of their affiliated persons (as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act) shall receive compensation in any form in connection with the disclosure of information about such Fund’s Portfolio Holdings or Portfolio Characteristics.
Ongoing Arrangements. The Manager has entered into ongoing agreements to provide selective disclosure of Fund Portfolio Holdings to the following persons or entities:
1.
Fund’s Board of Trustees and, if necessary, independent Trustees’ counsel and Fund counsel.
2.
Fund’s transfer agent.
3.
Fund’s Custodian.
4.
Fund’s Administrator, if applicable.
5.
Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm.
6.
Fund’s accounting services provider.
7.
Independent rating agencies —Lipper Inc., Moody’s, Fitch.
8.
Information aggregators — S&P Global, Bloomberg, eVestments Alliance and Informa/PSN Investment Solutions.
9.
Pricing Vendors — Refinitiv Limited, Refinitiv US LLC, ICE Data Services, Bloomberg, IHS Markit, JP Morgan Pricing-Direct, Valuation Research Corporation, Murray, Devine & Co., Inc. and WM Company PLC.
10.
Valuation Providers — Houlihan Lokey, Lincoln Financial, Chatham and Kroll.
11.
Third-party feeder funds — Stock Index Fund, a series of Homestead Funds, Inc. and Transamerica Stock Index, a series of Transamerica Funds and their respective boards, sponsors, administrators and other service providers.
12.
Affiliated feeder funds — iShares S&P 500 Index Fund, iShares U.S. Aggregate Bond Index Fund, Treasury Money Market Fund (Cayman) and their respective boards, sponsors, administrators and other service providers.
13.
Other — Investment Company Institute, Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P., Mizuho Asset Management Co., Ltd., Nationwide Fund Advisors, State Street Bank and Trust Company, Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. and Silicon Valley Bank.
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With respect to each such arrangement, a Fund has a legitimate business purpose for the release of information. The release of the information is subject to confidential treatment to prohibit the entity from sharing with an unauthorized source or trading upon the information provided. The Funds, BlackRock and their affiliates do not receive any compensation or other consideration in connection with such arrangements.
The Funds and the Manager monitor, to the extent possible, the use of Confidential Information by the individuals or firms to which it has been disclosed. To do so, in addition to the requirements of any applicable confidentiality agreement and/or the terms and conditions of the Fund’s and Manager’s Codes of Ethics — all of which require persons or entities in possession of Confidential Information to keep such information confidential and not to trade on such information for their own benefit — the Manager’s compliance personnel under the supervision of the Fund’s CCO, monitor the Manager’s securities trading desks to determine whether individuals or firms who have received Confidential Information have made any trades on the basis of that information. In addition, the Manager maintains an internal restricted list to prevent trading by the personnel of the Manager or its affiliates in securities — including securities held by a Fund — about which the Manager has Confidential Information. There can be no assurance, however, that the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the selective disclosure of Portfolio Holdings will prevent the misuse of such information by individuals or firms that receive such information.
Potential Conflicts of Interest
Certain activities of BlackRock, Inc., BlackRock Advisors, LLC, BlackRock Fund Advisors and the other subsidiaries of BlackRock, Inc. (collectively referred to in this section as “BlackRock”) and their respective directors, officers or employees, with respect to the Funds and/or other accounts managed by BlackRock, may give rise to actual or perceived conflicts of interest such as those described below.
BlackRock is one of the world’s largest asset management firms. BlackRock, its subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers and employees, including the business units or entities and personnel who may be involved in the investment activities and business operations of a Fund, are engaged worldwide in businesses, including managing equities, fixed income securities, cash and alternative investments, and other financial services, and have interests other than that of managing the Funds. These are considerations of which investors in a Fund should be aware, and which may cause conflicts of interest that could disadvantage a Fund and its shareholders. These businesses and interests include potential multiple advisory, transactional, financial and other relationships with, or interests in companies and interests in securities or other instruments that may be purchased or sold by a Fund.
BlackRock may have proprietary interests in, and may manage or advise with respect to, accounts or funds (including separate accounts and other funds and collective investment vehicles) that have investment objectives identical or similar to those of a Fund and/or that engage in transactions in the same types of securities, currencies and instruments as the Fund. Such other funds or accounts may offer exposure to strategies that are identical or substantially similar to those of a Fund but with different fees and expenses, governance and structures, and/or services provided by BlackRock. BlackRock is also a major participant in the global currency, equities, swap and fixed income markets, in each case, for the accounts of clients and, in some cases, on a proprietary basis. As such, BlackRock is or may be actively engaged in transactions in the same securities, currencies, and instruments in which a Fund invests.
Such activities could affect the prices and availability of the securities, currencies, and instruments in which a Fund invests, which could have an adverse impact on a Fund’s performance. Such transactions, particularly in respect of most proprietary accounts or client accounts, will be executed independently of a Fund’s transactions and thus at prices or rates that may be more or less favorable than those obtained by the Fund.
In addition, the portfolio holdings of certain BlackRock-advised investment vehicles managed in an identical or substantially similar manner as certain Funds are made publicly available on a more timely basis than the applicable Fund. In some cases, such portfolio holdings are made publicly available on a daily basis. While not expected, it is possible that a recipient of portfolio holdings information for such an investment vehicle could cause harm to a Fund that is managed in an identical or substantially similar manner, including by trading ahead of or against such Fund based on the information received.
When BlackRock seeks to purchase or sell the same assets for client accounts, including a Fund, the assets actually purchased or sold may be allocated among the accounts on a basis determined in its good faith discretion to be equitable. In some cases, this system may adversely affect the size or price of the assets purchased or sold for a Fund. In addition, transactions in investments by one or more other accounts managed by BlackRock may have the effect of diluting or otherwise disadvantaging the values, prices or investment strategies of a Fund, particularly, but
II-23
not limited to, with respect to small capitalization, emerging market or less liquid strategies. This may occur with respect to BlackRock-advised accounts when investment decisions regarding a Fund are based on research or other information that is also used to support decisions for other accounts. When BlackRock implements a portfolio decision or strategy on behalf of another account ahead of, or contemporaneously with, similar decisions or strategies for a Fund, market impact, liquidity constraints, or other factors could result in the Fund receiving less favorable trading results and the costs of implementing such decisions or strategies could be increased or the Fund could otherwise be disadvantaged. BlackRock may, in certain cases, elect to implement internal policies and procedures designed to limit such consequences, which may cause a Fund to be unable to engage in certain activities, including purchasing or disposing of securities, when it might otherwise be desirable for it to do so. Conflicts may also arise because portfolio decisions regarding a Fund may benefit other accounts managed by BlackRock. For example, the sale of a long position or establishment of a short position by a Fund may impair the price of the same security sold short by (and therefore benefit) BlackRock or its other accounts or funds, and the purchase of a security or covering of a short position in a security by a Fund may increase the price of the same security held by (and therefore benefit) BlackRock or its other accounts or funds.
BlackRock, on behalf of other client accounts, on the one hand, and a Fund, on the other hand, may invest in or extend credit to different parts of the capital structure of a single issuer. BlackRock may pursue rights, provide advice or engage in other activities, or refrain from pursuing rights, providing advice or engaging in other activities, on behalf of other clients with respect to an issuer in which a Fund has invested, and such actions (or refraining from action) may have a material adverse effect on the Fund. In situations in which clients of BlackRock (including the Funds) hold positions in multiple parts of the capital structure of an issuer, BlackRock may not pursue certain actions or remedies that may be available to a Fund, as a result of legal and regulatory requirements or otherwise. BlackRock addresses these and other potential conflicts of interest based on the facts and circumstances of particular situations. For example, BlackRock may determine to rely on information barriers between different business units or portfolio management teams. BlackRock may also determine to rely on the actions of similarly situated holders of loans or securities rather than, or in connection with, taking such actions itself on behalf of the Funds.
In addition, to the extent permitted by applicable law, certain Funds may invest their assets in other funds advised by BlackRock, including funds that are managed by one or more of the same portfolio managers, which could result in conflicts of interest relating to asset allocation, timing of Fund purchases and redemptions, and increased remuneration and profitability for BlackRock and/or its personnel, including portfolio managers.
Third parties, including service providers to BlackRock or the Fund, may sponsor events (including, but not limited to, marketing and promotional activities and presentations, educational training programs and conferences) for registered representatives, other professionals and individual investors. There is a potential conflict of interest as such sponsorships may defray the costs of such activities to BlackRock, and may provide an incentive to BlackRock to retain such third parties to provide services to the Fund.
In certain circumstances, BlackRock, on behalf of the Funds, may seek to buy from or sell securities to another fund or account advised by BlackRock. BlackRock may (but is not required to) effect purchases and sales between BlackRock clients (“cross trades”), including the Funds, if BlackRock believes such transactions are appropriate based on each party’s investment objectives and guidelines, subject to applicable law and regulation. There may be potential conflicts of interest or regulatory issues relating to these transactions which could limit BlackRock’s decision to engage in these transactions for the Funds. BlackRock may have a potentially conflicting division of loyalties and responsibilities to the parties in such transactions.
BlackRock and its clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to an issuer in which a Fund has invested, and those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments may be negatively impacted by the activities of BlackRock or its clients, and transactions for the Fund may be impaired or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The results of a Fund’s investment activities may differ significantly from the results achieved by BlackRock for its proprietary accounts or other accounts (including investment companies or collective investment vehicles) that it manages or advises. It is possible that one or more accounts managed or advised by BlackRock and such other accounts will achieve investment results that are substantially more or less favorable than the results achieved by a Fund. Moreover, it is possible that a Fund will sustain losses during periods in which one or more proprietary or other accounts managed or advised by BlackRock achieve significant profits. The opposite result is also possible.
II-24
From time to time, a Fund may be restricted from purchasing or selling securities, or from engaging in other investment activities because of regulatory, legal or contractual requirements applicable to BlackRock or other accounts managed or advised by BlackRock, and/or the internal policies of BlackRock designed to comply with such requirements. As a result, there may be periods, for example, when BlackRock will not initiate or recommend certain types of transactions in certain securities or instruments with respect to which BlackRock is performing services or when position limits have been reached. For example, the investment activities of BlackRock for its proprietary accounts and accounts under its management may limit the investment opportunities for a Fund in certain emerging and other markets in which limitations are imposed upon the amount of investment, in the aggregate or in individual issuers, by affiliated foreign investors.
In connection with its management of a Fund, BlackRock may have access to certain fundamental analysis and proprietary technical models developed by BlackRock. BlackRock will not be under any obligation, however, to effect transactions on behalf of a Fund in accordance with such analysis and models. In addition, BlackRock will not have any obligation to make available any information regarding its proprietary activities or strategies, or the activities or strategies used for other accounts managed by them, for the benefit of the management of a Fund and it is not anticipated that BlackRock will have access to such information for the purpose of managing the Fund. The proprietary activities or portfolio strategies of BlackRock, or the activities or strategies used for accounts managed by BlackRock or other client accounts could conflict with the transactions and strategies employed by BlackRock in managing a Fund.
The Funds may be included in investment models developed by BlackRock for use by clients and financial advisors. To the extent clients invest in these investment models and increase the assets under management of the Funds, the investment management fee amounts paid by the Funds to BlackRock may also increase. The net asset value and liquidity of a Fund may be impacted by purchases and sales of the Fund by model-driven investment portfolios, as well as by BlackRock itself and by its advisory clients.
In addition, certain principals and certain employees of a Fund’s investment adviser are also principals or employees of other business units or entities within BlackRock. As a result, these principals and employees may have obligations to such other business units or entities or their clients and such obligations to other business units or entities or their clients may be a consideration of which investors in a Fund should be aware.
BlackRock may enter into transactions and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of a Fund in which clients of BlackRock, or, to the extent permitted by the Commission and applicable law, BlackRock, serves as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s interests in the transaction will be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party may have no incentive to assure that the Fund obtains the best possible prices or terms in connection with the transactions. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale of such investments by a Fund may enhance the profitability of BlackRock.
BlackRock may also create, write or issue derivatives for clients, the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which a Fund invests or which may be based on the performance of the Fund. Additionally, an affiliate of BlackRock will create, write or issue options, which may be based on the performance of certain Funds. BlackRock has entered into an arrangement with Markit Indices Limited, the index provider for underlying fixed-income indexes used by certain iShares ETFs, related to derivative fixed-income products that are based on such iShares ETFs. Trading activity in these derivative products could also potentially lead to greater liquidity for such products, increased purchase activity with respect to these iShares ETFs and increased assets under management for BlackRock.
A Fund may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting or other distribution by BlackRock and may also enter into transactions with other clients of BlackRock where such other clients have interests adverse to those of the Fund. At times, these activities may cause business units or entities within BlackRock to give advice to clients that may cause these clients to take actions adverse to the interests of the Fund. To the extent such transactions are permitted, a Fund will deal with BlackRock on an arms-length basis.
To the extent authorized by applicable law, BlackRock may act as broker, dealer, agent, lender or adviser or in other commercial capacities for a Fund. It is anticipated that the commissions, mark-ups, mark-downs, financial advisory fees, underwriting and placement fees, sales fees, financing and commitment fees, brokerage fees, other fees, compensation or profits, rates, terms and conditions charged by BlackRock will be in its view commercially reasonable, although BlackRock, including its sales personnel, will have an interest in obtaining fees and other amounts that are favorable to BlackRock and such sales personnel, which may have an adverse effect on the Funds. Index based funds may use an index provider that is affiliated with another service provider of the Fund or BlackRock that acts as a broker, dealer, agent, lender or in other commercial capacities for a Fund or BlackRock.
II-25
Subject to applicable law, BlackRock (and its personnel and other distributors) will be entitled to retain fees and other amounts that they receive in connection with their service to the Funds as broker, dealer, agent, lender, adviser or in other commercial capacities. No accounting to the Funds or their shareholders will be required, and no fees or other compensation payable by the Funds or their shareholders will be reduced by reason of receipt by BlackRock of any such fees or other amounts.
When BlackRock acts as broker, dealer, agent, adviser or in other commercial capacities in relation to the Funds, BlackRock may take commercial steps in its own interests, which may have an adverse effect on the Funds.
A Fund will be required to establish business relationships with its counterparties based on the Fund’s own credit standing. BlackRock will not have any obligation to allow its credit to be used in connection with a Fund’s establishment of its business relationships, nor is it expected that the Fund’s counterparties will rely on the credit of BlackRock in evaluating the Fund’s creditworthiness.
BlackRock Investment Management, LLC (“BIM”) or BlackRock Institutional Trust Company, N.A. (“BTC”), as applicable, each an affiliate of BlackRock, pursuant to SEC exemptive relief, acts as securities lending agent to, and receives a share of securities lending revenues from, the Funds. BlackRock will also receive compensation for managing the reinvestment of the cash collateral from securities lending. There are potential conflicts of interests in managing a securities lending program, including but not limited to: (i) BlackRock as securities lending agent may have an incentive to, among other things, increase or decrease the amount of securities on loan or to lend particular securities in order to generate additional risk-adjusted revenue for BlackRock and its affiliates; and (ii) BlackRock as securities lending agent may have an incentive to allocate loans to clients that would provide more revenue to BlackRock. As described further below, BlackRock seeks to mitigate this conflict by providing its securities lending clients with equal lending opportunities over time in order to approximate pro rata allocation.
As part of its securities lending program, BlackRock indemnifies the Funds and certain other clients and/or funds against a shortfall in collateral in the event of borrower default. On a regular basis, BlackRock calculates the potential dollar exposure of collateral shortfall resulting from a borrower default (“shortfall risk”) in the securities lending program. BlackRock establishes program-wide borrower limits (“credit limits”) to actively manage borrower-specific credit exposure. BlackRock oversees the risk model that calculates projected collateral shortfall values using loan-level factors such as loan and collateral type and market value as well as specific borrower credit characteristics. When necessary, BlackRock may adjust securities lending program attributes by restricting eligible collateral or reducing borrower credit limits. As a result, the management of program-wide exposure as well as BlackRock-specific indemnification exposure may affect the amount of securities lending activity BlackRock may conduct at any given point in time by reducing the volume of lending opportunities for certain loans (including by asset type, collateral type and/or revenue profile).
BlackRock may decline to make a securities loan on behalf of a Fund, discontinue lending on behalf of a Fund or terminate a securities loan on behalf of a Fund for any reason, including but not limited to regulatory requirements and/or market rules, liquidity considerations, or credit considerations, which may impact Funds by reducing or eliminating the volume of lending opportunities for certain types of loans, loans in particular markets, loans of particular securities or types of securities, or for loans overall. In addition, some borrowers may prefer certain BlackRock lenders that provide additional protections against lender default that are favored by their prudential regulation.
BlackRock uses a predetermined systematic process in order to approximate pro rata allocation over time. In order to allocate a loan to a portfolio: (i) BlackRock as a whole must have sufficient lending capacity pursuant to the various program limits (i.e. indemnification exposure limit and borrower credit limits); (ii) the lending portfolio must hold the asset at the time a loan opportunity arrives; and (iii) the lending portfolio must also have enough inventory, either on its own or when aggregated with other portfolios into one single market delivery, to satisfy the loan request. In doing so, BlackRock seeks to provide equal lending opportunities for all portfolios, independent of whether BlackRock indemnifies the portfolio. Equal opportunities for lending portfolios does not guarantee equal outcomes. Specifically, short and long-term outcomes for individual clients may vary due to asset mix, asset/liability spreads on different securities, and the overall limits imposed by the firm.
Purchases and sales of securities and other assets for a Fund may be bunched or aggregated with orders for other BlackRock client accounts, including with accounts that pay different transaction costs solely due to the fact that they have different research payment arrangements. BlackRock, however, is not required to bunch or aggregate orders if portfolio management decisions for different accounts are made separately, or if they determine that bunching or aggregating is not practicable or required, or in cases involving client direction.
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Prevailing trading activity frequently may make impossible the receipt of the same price or execution on the entire volume of securities purchased or sold. When this occurs, the various prices may be averaged, and the Funds will be charged or credited with the average price. Thus, the effect of the aggregation may operate on some occasions to the disadvantage of the Funds. In addition, under certain circumstances, the Funds will not be charged the same commission or commission equivalent rates in connection with a bunched or aggregated order.
BlackRock, unless prohibited by applicable law, may cause a Fund or account to pay a broker or dealer a commission for effecting a transaction that exceeds the amount another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting the same transaction in recognition of the value of brokerage and research services provided by that broker or dealer. Under the European Union Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (Directive 2014/65/EU) and Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation (Regulation (EU) No 600/2014) (together “MiFID II”), European Union’s (the “EU”) investment managers, including BlackRock International Limited (“BIL”) which acts as a sub-adviser to certain Funds, pay for research from brokers and dealers directly out of their own resources, rather than through client commissions.
Subject to applicable law, BlackRock may select brokers that furnish BlackRock, the Funds, other BlackRock client accounts or personnel, directly or through correspondent relationships, with research or other appropriate services which provide, in BlackRock’s view, appropriate assistance to BlackRock in the investment decision-making process (including with respect to futures, fixed-price offerings and over-the-counter (“OTC”) transactions). Such research or other services may include, to the extent permitted by law, research reports on companies, industries and securities; economic and financial data; financial publications; proxy analysis; trade industry seminars; computer data bases; research-oriented software and other services and products.
Research or other services obtained in this manner may be used in servicing any or all of the Funds and other BlackRock client accounts, including in connection with BlackRock client accounts other than those that pay commissions to the broker relating to the research or other service arrangements. Such products and services may disproportionately benefit other BlackRock client accounts relative to the Funds based on the amount of brokerage commissions paid by the Funds and such other BlackRock client accounts. For example, research or other services that are paid for through one client’s commissions may not be used in managing that client’s account. In addition, other BlackRock client accounts may receive the benefit, including disproportionate benefits, of economies of scale or price discounts in connection with products and services that may be provided to the Funds and to such other BlackRock client accounts. To the extent that BlackRock uses soft dollars, it will not have to pay for those products and services itself.
BlackRock, unless prohibited by applicable law, may endeavor to execute trades through brokers who, pursuant to such arrangements, provide research or other services in order to ensure the continued receipt of research or other services BlackRock believes are useful in its investment decision-making process. BlackRock may from time to time choose not to engage in the above described arrangements to varying degrees. BlackRock, unless prohibited by applicable law, may also enter into commission sharing arrangements under which BlackRock may execute transactions through a broker-dealer and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions or commission credits to another firm that provides research to BlackRock. To the extent that BlackRock engages in commission sharing arrangements, many of the same conflicts related to traditional soft dollars may exist.
BlackRock may utilize certain electronic crossing networks (“ECNs”) (including, without limitation, ECNs in which BlackRock has an investment or other interest, to the extent permitted by applicable law) in executing client securities transactions for certain types of securities. These ECNs may charge fees for their services, including access fees and transaction fees. The transaction fees, which are similar to commissions or markups/ markdowns, will generally be charged to clients and, like commissions and markups/markdowns, would generally be included in the cost of the securities purchased. Access fees may be paid by BlackRock even though incurred in connection with executing transactions on behalf of clients, including the Funds. In certain circumstances, ECNs may offer volume discounts that will reduce the access fees typically paid by BlackRock. BlackRock will only utilize ECNs consistent with its obligation to seek to obtain best execution in client transactions.
BlackRock owns a minority interest in, and is a member of, Members Exchange (“MEMX”), a newly created U.S. stock exchange. Transactions for a Fund may be executed on MEMX if third party brokers select MEMX as the appropriate venue for execution of orders placed by BlackRock traders on behalf of client portfolios.
BlackRock has adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions that it makes on behalf of advisory clients, including the Funds, and to help ensure that such decisions are made in accordance with BlackRock’s fiduciary obligations to its clients. Nevertheless,
II-27
notwithstanding such proxy voting policies and procedures, actual proxy voting decisions of BlackRock may have the effect of favoring the interests of other clients or businesses of other divisions or units of BlackRock, provided that BlackRock believes such voting decisions to be in accordance with its fiduciary obligations. For a more detailed discussion of these policies and procedures, see “Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures.”
It is also possible that, from time to time, BlackRock and/or its advisory clients (including other funds and separately managed accounts) may, subject to compliance with applicable law, purchase and hold shares of a Fund. Increasing a Fund’s assets may enhance investment flexibility and diversification and may contribute to economies of scale that tend to reduce the Fund’s expense ratio. BlackRock reserves the right, subject to compliance with applicable law, to redeem at any time some or all of the shares of a Fund acquired for its own accounts. A large redemption of shares of a Fund by BlackRock could significantly reduce the asset size of the Fund, which might have an adverse effect on the Fund’s investment flexibility, portfolio diversification and expense ratio. BlackRock seeks to consider the effect of redemptions on a Fund and other shareholders in deciding whether to redeem its shares but is not obligated to do so and may elect not to do so.
It is possible that a Fund may invest in securities of, or engage in transactions with, companies in which BlackRock has significant debt or equity investments or other interests. A Fund may also invest in issuances (such as structured notes) by entities for which BlackRock provides and is compensated for cash management services relating to the proceeds from the sale of such issuances. In making investment decisions for a Fund, BlackRock is not permitted to obtain or use material non-public information acquired by any unit of BlackRock, in the course of these activities. In addition, from time to time, the activities of BlackRock may limit a Fund’s flexibility in purchases and sales of securities. As indicated below, BlackRock may engage in transactions with companies in which BlackRock-advised funds or other clients of BlackRock have an investment.
BlackRock and its personnel and other financial service providers may have interests in promoting sales of the Funds. With respect to BlackRock and its personnel, the remuneration and profitability relating to services to and sales of the Funds or other products may be greater than remuneration and profitability relating to services to and sales of certain funds or other products that might be provided or offered. BlackRock and its sales personnel may directly or indirectly receive a portion of the fees and commissions charged to the Funds or their shareholders. BlackRock and its advisory or other personnel may also benefit from increased amounts of assets under management. Fees and commissions may also be higher than for other products or services, and the remuneration and profitability to BlackRock and such personnel resulting from transactions on behalf of or management of the Funds may be greater than the remuneration and profitability resulting from other funds or products.
BlackRock may provide valuation assistance to certain clients with respect to certain securities or other investments and the valuation recommendations made for such clients’ accounts may differ from the valuations for the same securities or investments assigned by a Fund’s pricing vendors, especially if such valuations are based on broker-dealer quotes or other data sources unavailable to the Fund’s pricing vendors. While BlackRock will generally communicate its valuation information or determinations to a Fund’s pricing vendors and/or fund accountants, there may be instances where the Fund’s pricing vendors or fund accountants assign a different valuation to a security or other investment than the valuation for such security or investment determined or recommended by BlackRock.
BlackRock and its directors, officers and employees, may buy and sell securities or other investments for their own accounts and may have conflicts of interest with respect to investments made on behalf of a Fund. As a result of differing trading and investment strategies or constraints, positions may be taken by directors, officers and employees of BlackRock that are the same, different from or made at different times than positions taken for the Fund. To lessen the possibility that a Fund will be adversely affected by this personal trading, the Fund, BRIL and BlackRock each have adopted a Code of Ethics in compliance with Section 17(j) of the Investment Company Act that restricts securities trading in the personal accounts of investment professionals and others who normally come into possession of information regarding the Fund’s portfolio transactions. Each Code of Ethics is also available on the EDGAR Database on the Commission’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov, and copies may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by e-mail at publicinfo@sec.gov.
BlackRock will not purchase securities or other property from, or sell securities or other property to, a Fund, except that the Fund may in accordance with rules or guidance adopted under the Investment Company Act engage in transactions with another Fund or accounts that are affiliated with the Fund as a result of common officers, directors, or investment advisers or pursuant to exemptive orders granted to the Funds and/or BlackRock by the Commission. These transactions would be effected in circumstances in which BlackRock determined that it would be appropriate for the Fund to purchase and another client of BlackRock to sell, or the Fund to sell and another client of BlackRock to purchase, the same security or instrument on the same day. From time to time, the activities of a Fund may be restricted because of regulatory requirements applicable to BlackRock and/or BlackRock’s internal policies designed
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to comply with, limit the applicability of, or otherwise relate to such requirements. A client not advised by BlackRock would not be subject to some of those considerations. There may be periods when BlackRock may not initiate or recommend certain types of transactions, or may otherwise restrict or limit its advice in certain securities or instruments issued by or related to companies for which BlackRock is performing advisory or other services or has proprietary positions. For example, when BlackRock is engaged to provide advisory or risk management services for a company, BlackRock may be prohibited from or limited in purchasing or selling securities of that company on behalf of a Fund, particularly where such services result in BlackRock obtaining material non-public information about the company (e.g., in connection with participation in a creditors’ committee). Similar situations could arise if personnel of BlackRock serve as directors of companies the securities of which the Funds wish to purchase or sell. However, if permitted by applicable law, and where consistent with BlackRock’s policies and procedures (including the necessary implementation of appropriate information barriers), the Funds may purchase securities or instruments that are issued by such companies, are the subject of an advisory or risk management assignment by BlackRock, or where personnel of BlackRock are directors or officers of the issuer.
BlackRock has adopted and implemented policies and procedures that are designed to address potential conflicts that arise in connection with the advisory services BlackRock provides to Funds and other clients. Certain BlackRock advisory personnel may take views, and make decisions or recommendations, that are different than or opposite those of other BlackRock advisory personnel. Certain portfolio management teams within BlackRock may make decisions or take (or refrain from taking) actions with respect to clients they advise in a manner different than or adverse to the decisions made or the actions taken (or not taken) by the Funds’ portfolio management teams. The various portfolio management teams may not share information with each other, including as a result of certain information barriers and other policies, and will not have any obligation or other duty to do so.
BlackRock has established certain information barriers and other policies to address the sharing of information between different businesses within BlackRock, including with respect to personnel responsible with managing portfolios and voting proxies with respect to certain index equity portfolios versus those responsible for managing portfolios and voting proxies with respect to all other portfolios. As a result of information barriers, certain units of BlackRock generally will not have access, or will have limited access, to certain information and personnel, including senior personnel, in other units of BlackRock, and generally will not manage the Funds with the benefit of information possessed by such other units. Therefore, BlackRock may not be able to review potential investments for the Funds with the benefit of information held by certain areas of BlackRock.
BlackRock may determine to move certain personnel, businesses, or business units from one side of an information barrier to the other side of the information barrier. In connection therewith, BlackRock personnel, businesses, and business units that were moved will no longer have access to the information and personnel from the side of the information barrier from which they were moved. Information obtained in connection with such changes to information barriers may limit or restrict the ability of BlackRock to engage in or otherwise effect transactions on behalf of the Funds (including purchasing or selling securities that BlackRock may otherwise have purchased or sold for a client in the absence of a change to an information barrier). Information barriers may not have their intended impact due to, for example, changes in applicable law or inadvertent crossings of the barriers, and actions by personnel on one side of a barrier may impact the potential actions of personnel on the other side of a barrier.
Although the information barriers are intended to allow for independent portfolio management decision-making and proxy voting among certain BlackRock businesses, the investment activities of BlackRock for BlackRock clients, as well as BlackRock’s proprietary accounts, may nonetheless limit the investment strategies and rights of other clients (including the Fund). As BlackRock’s assets under management increases, BlackRock clients may face greater negative impacts due to ownership restrictions and limitations imposed by laws, regulations, rules, regulators, or issuers. For example, in certain circumstances where a BlackRock client invests in securities issued by companies that operate in certain industries (e.g., banking, insurance, and utilities) or in certain emerging or international markets, or are subject to regulatory or corporate ownership restrictions (e.g., with mechanisms such as poison pills in place to prevent takeovers), or where a BlackRock client invests in certain futures and derivatives, there may be limits on the aggregate amount invested by BlackRock for its clients and BlackRock’s proprietary accounts that may not be exceeded without the grant of a license or other regulatory or corporate approval, order, consent, relief, waiver or non-disapproval or, if exceeded, may cause BlackRock or its clients to be subject to enforcement actions, disgorgement of share ownership or profits, regulatory restrictions, complex compliance reporting, increased compliance costs or suffer disadvantages or business restrictions. In light of certain restrictions, BlackRock may also seek to make indirect investments (e.g., using derivatives) on behalf of its clients to receive exposure to certain securities in excess of the applicable ownership restrictions and limitations when legally permitted that will expose such clients to additional costs and additional risks, including any risks associated with investing in derivatives.
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There may be limited availability of derivatives that provide indirect exposure to an impacted security. BlackRock clients can be subject to more than one ownership limitation depending on each client’s holdings, and each ownership limitation can impact multiple securities held by the client. Certain clients or shareholders may have their own overlapping obligations to monitor their compliance with ownership limitations across their investments.
If certain aggregate ownership thresholds are reached either through the actions of BlackRock or a BlackRock client or as a result of corporate actions by the issuer, the ability of BlackRock on behalf of clients to purchase or dispose of investments, or exercise rights (including voting) or undertake business transactions, may be restricted by law, regulation, rule, or organizational documents or otherwise impaired. For example, to meet the requirements of an ownership limitation or restriction, a client may be unable to purchase or directly hold a security the client would otherwise purchase or hold. The limitation or restriction may be based on the holdings of other BlackRock clients instead of the specific client being restricted. For index funds, this means a fund may not be able to track its index as closely as it would if it was not subject to an ownership limitation or restriction because the fund cannot acquire the amount of the impacted security included in its index. BlackRock on behalf of its clients may limit purchases, sell existing investments, utilize indirect investments, utilize information barriers, or otherwise restrict, forgo, or limit the exercise of rights (including transferring, outsourcing, or limiting voting rights or forgoing the right to receive dividends) when BlackRock, in its sole discretion, deems it appropriate in light of potential regulatory or other restrictions on ownership or other consequences resulting from reaching investment thresholds. These types of restrictions could negatively impact a client’s performance or ability to meet its investment objective.
When BlackRock or a BlackRock client is subject to an ownership limitation, BlackRock may in its discretion seek permission from the applicable issuers or regulators to exceed the limitation. However, there is no guarantee that permission will be granted, or that, once granted, it will not be modified or revoked at a later date with minimal or no notice. The issuer and/or regulator may also require that BlackRock on behalf of itself and its clients take or refrain from taking certain actions in connection with the approval, order, consent, relief or non-disapproval, which BlackRock may accept if it believes the benefits outweigh the costs and may limit BlackRock from taking actions that it otherwise would take. In those circumstances where ownership thresholds or limitations must be observed, BlackRock seeks to allocate limited investment opportunities equitably among clients, taking into consideration benchmark weight and investment strategy. BlackRock may adopt certain controls designed to prevent the occurrence of a breach of any applicable ownership threshold or limits, including, for example, when ownership in certain securities nears an applicable threshold, BlackRock may limit additional purchases in such securities. If client holdings of an issuer exceed an applicable threshold and BlackRock is unable to obtain relief to enable the continued holding of such investments, it may be necessary to reduce these positions to meet the applicable limitations and BlackRock or such client may be subject to regulatory actions. In these cases, the investments will be sold in a manner that BlackRock deems fair and equitable over time.
Ownership limitations are highly complex. It is possible that, despite BlackRock’s intent to either comply with or be granted permission to exceed ownership limitations, it may inadvertently breach a limit or violate the corporate or regulatory approval, order, consent, relief or non-disapproval that was obtained.
In addition to the foregoing, other ownership thresholds may trigger reporting requirements to governmental and regulatory authorities, and such reports may entail the disclosure of the identity of a client or BlackRock’s intended strategy with respect to such security or asset.
BlackRock may maintain securities indices. To the extent permitted by applicable laws, the Funds may seek to license and use such indices as part of their investment strategy. Index based funds that seek to track the performance of securities indices also may use the name of the index or index provider in the fund name. Index providers, including BlackRock (to the extent permitted by applicable law), may be paid licensing fees for use of their index or index name. In instances where BlackRock charges a unitary management fee, BlackRock may have a financial incentive to use a BlackRock index that is less costly to BlackRock than a third party index. BlackRock may benefit from the Funds using BlackRock indices by creating increasing acceptance in the marketplace for such indices. BlackRock is not obligated to license its indices to a Fund and the Funds are under no obligation to use BlackRock indices. Any Fund that enters into a license for a BlackRock index cannot be assured that the terms of any index licensing agreement with BlackRock will be as favorable as those terms offered to other licensees.
BlackRock may enter into contractual arrangements with third-party service providers to a Fund (e.g., custodians, administrators and index providers) pursuant to which BlackRock receives fee discounts or concessions in recognition of BlackRock’s overall relationship with such service providers. BlackRock may also enter into contractual arrangements with such service providers pursuant to which BlackRock incurs additional costs if the service provider’s services are terminated with respect to a Fund. To the extent that BlackRock is responsible for paying service providers out of its fees that it receives from the Funds, the benefits of lower fees, including any fee
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discounts or concessions, or any additional savings, may accrue, in whole or in part, to BlackRock, which could result in conflicts of interest relating to the use or termination of service providers to a Fund. In addition, conflicts of interest may arise with respect to contractual arrangements with third-party service providers to a Fund, or the selection of such providers, particularly in circumstances where BlackRock is negotiating on behalf of both funds that have a unitary management fee and those that do not or different service providers have different fee structures.
Conflicts of interest may arise as a result of simultaneous investment management of multiple client accounts by BlackRock’s investment professionals. For example, differences in the advisory fee structure may create the appearance of actual or potential conflicts of interest because such differences could create pecuniary incentives for BlackRock to favor one client account over another.
BlackRock owns or has an ownership interest in certain trading, portfolio management, operations and/or information systems used by Fund service providers. These systems are, or will be, used by a Fund service provider in connection with the provision of services to accounts managed by BlackRock and funds managed and sponsored by BlackRock, including the Funds, that engage the service provider (typically the custodian). A Fund’s service provider remunerates BlackRock for the use of the systems. A Fund service provider’s payments to BlackRock for the use of these systems may enhance the profitability of BlackRock.
BlackRock’s receipt of fees from a service provider in connection with the use of systems provided by BlackRock may create an incentive for BlackRock to recommend that a Fund enter into or renew an arrangement with the service provider.
In recognition of a BlackRock client’s overall relationship with BlackRock, BlackRock may offer special pricing arrangements for certain services provided by BlackRock. Any such special pricing arrangements will not affect Fund fees and expenses applicable to such client’s investment in a Fund.
Present and future activities of BlackRock and its directors, officers and employees, in addition to those described in this section, may give rise to additional conflicts of interest.
Purchase of Shares
Each Fund offers its shares without a sales charge at a price equal to the NAV next determined after a purchase order becomes effective. Each Fund attempts to maintain a NAV per share of $1.00. Share purchase orders are effective on the date Federal Funds become available to a Fund. Generally, if Federal Funds are available to a Fund prior to the determination of NAV on any business day, the order will be effective on that day. Except as otherwise specified in a Fund’s Prospectus, shares purchased will begin accruing dividends on the day following the date of purchase. Federal Funds are a commercial bank’s deposits in a Federal Reserve Bank and can be transferred from one member bank’s account to that of another member bank on the same day and thus are considered to be immediately available funds. Any order may be rejected by a Fund or the Distributor.
Shareholder Services
Each Fund offers a number of shareholder services described below that are designed to facilitate investment in shares of the Fund. Full details as to each of such services and copies of the various plans and instructions as to how to participate in the various services or plans, or how to change options with respect thereto, can be obtained from each Fund, by calling the telephone number on the cover page to Part I of your Fund’s SAI, or from the Distributor. The types of shareholder service programs offered to shareholders include: Fee-Based Programs; Automatic Investment Plan; and Systematic Withdrawal Plan.
Purchase of Shares of Summit Cash Reserves
Summit Cash Reserves has authorized one or more brokers and/or financial institutions (“Authorized Persons”) to receive on its behalf purchase and redemption orders that are in “good form” in accordance with the policies of those Authorized Persons. Such Authorized Persons are authorized to designate other intermediaries to receive purchase and redemption orders on the Fund’s behalf, and the Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an Authorized Person or, if applicable, such Authorized Person’s authorized designee, receives the order. Such customer orders will be priced at the Fund’s NAV next computed after they are received by an Authorized Person or such Authorized Person’s authorized designee. Financial institutions may include retirement plan service providers who aggregate purchase and redemption instructions received from numerous retirement plans or plan participants.
Investor A and Investor C Shares
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Purchase of Investor A Shares. The minimum investment for the initial purchase of shares is $1,000. There is no investment minimum for employer-sponsored retirement plans (not including SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs). There is no investment minimum for certain fee-based programs. There is a $50 minimum for subsequent investments (with the exception of certain employer-sponsored retirement plans which may have a lower minimum). Purchases through the Automatic Investment Plan are subject to a lower initial purchase minimum. In addition, the minimum initial investment for employees of the Fund, the Fund’s Manager, sub-adviser, BRIL or transfer agent or employees of their affiliates is $100, unless payment is made through a payroll deduction program in which case the minimum investment is $25.
Purchases of Investor A Shares Through Brokers. It is the responsibility of brokers to transmit purchase orders and payment on a timely basis. Generally, if payment is not received within the period described in the Prospectus, the order will be canceled, notice thereof will be given, and the broker and its customers will be responsible for any loss to the Fund or its shareholders. Orders of less than $500 may be mailed by a broker to the transfer agent.
Other Purchase Information. Shares of the Fund are sold on a continuous basis by BRIL as distributor. BRIL maintains its principal offices at 50 Hudson Yards, New York, New York 10001. Purchases may be effected on weekdays on which the NYSE is open for business (a “Business Day”). Payment for orders of Investor A Shares which are not received or accepted will be returned after prompt inquiry. The issuance of shares is recorded on the books of the Fund. No certificates will be issued for shares. Payments for Investor A Shares of the Fund may, in the discretion of the Fund’s Manager, be made in the form of securities that are permissible investments for the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order, to modify or waive the minimum initial or subsequent investment requirement and to suspend and resume the sale of any share class of the Fund at any time.
Exchange Privilege. Unless an exemption applies, a front-end sales charge will be charged in connection with exchanges of Investor A Shares of the Fund for Investor A Shares of another fund advised by BlackRock or its affiliates that imposes such a sales charge. Exchanges of Investor C Shares of the Fund for Investor C Shares of one of the non-money market portfolios advised by BlackRock or its affiliates (each a “Non-Money Market Portfolio”) will be exercised at NAV. However, a contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) will be charged in connection with the redemption of the Investor C Shares of the Non-Money Market Portfolio received in the exchange.
A CDSC of 1.00% may apply to certain redemptions of Investor C Shares of Summit Cash Reserves. The Investor C Shares CDSC is only charged upon redemptions of Investor C Shares within one year after you originally acquired the Investor C Shares of the Non-Money Market Portfolio, unless you qualify for a waiver. There is no CDSC charged on redemptions if you have owned your Investor C Shares for more than one year (as measured from your original purchase of Investor C Shares that you exchanged into Investor C Shares of Summit Cash Reserves). In determining whether an Investor C Shares CDSC is applicable to a redemption, the calculation will be determined in the manner that results in the lowest possible rate being charged. The charge will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of the proceeds of redemption or the cost of the shares being redeemed. Accordingly, no CDSC will be imposed on increases in NAV above the initial purchase price of Investor C Shares. In addition, no CDSC will be assessed on Investor C Shares acquired through reinvestment of dividends. It will be assumed that the redemption is first of shares held for over one year or shares acquired pursuant to reinvestment of dividends and then of shares held longest during the one-year period. A transfer of shares from a shareholder’s account to another account will be assumed to be made in the same order as a redemption.
See “Information on Sales Charges and Distribution Related Expenses” in Part I of the Fund’s SAI for information about amounts paid to the Distributor in connection with CDSC shares for the periods indicated.
The CDSC on Investor C Shares is not charged in connection with: (1) redemptions of Investor C Shares purchased through certain employer-sponsored retirement plans and fee-based programs previously approved by certain Funds and rollovers of current investments in the Fund through such plans; (2) exchanges pursuant to the exchange privilege described in the Fund’s Prospectus; (3) redemptions made in connection with minimum required distributions due to the shareholder reaching age 72 from IRA and 403(b)(7) accounts; (4) redemptions made with respect to certain retirement plans sponsored by BlackRock or its affiliates; (5) redemptions in connection with a shareholder’s death as long as the waiver request is made within one year of death or, if later, reasonably promptly following completion of probate (including in connection with the distribution of account assets to a beneficiary of the decedent) or disability (as defined in the Code) subsequent to the purchase of Investor C Shares; (6) withdrawals resulting from shareholder disability (as defined in the Code) as long as the disability arose subsequent to the purchase of the shares; (7) involuntary redemptions of Investor C Shares in accounts with low balances as described in “Redemption of Shares” below; (8) redemptions made pursuant to a systematic withdrawal plan, subject to the limitations set forth under “Systematic Withdrawal Plan” below; (9) redemptions related to the payment of BNY Mellon Investment Servicing Trust Company custodial IRA fees; and (10) redemptions when a shareholder can
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demonstrate hardship, in the absolute discretion of the Fund. In addition, no CDSC is charged on Investor C Shares acquired through the reinvestment of dividends or distributions.
Certain CDSC waivers and reductions on Investor C Shares may be available to customers of certain financial intermediaries, as described under “Intermediary-Defined Sales Charge Waiver Policies” in the Fund’s Prospectus. Please speak to your financial intermediary for more information.
A shareholder wishing to make an exchange may do so by sending a written request to the Fund at the following address: BlackRock, P.O. Box 534429, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15253-4429. Shareholders are automatically provided with telephone exchange privileges when opening an account, unless they indicate on the Application that they do not wish to use this privilege. To add this feature to an existing account that previously did not provide this option, a request must be made in writing or by telephone. Once this election has been made, the shareholder may simply contact the Fund by telephone at (800) 441-7762 to request the exchange. During periods of substantial economic or market change, telephone exchanges may be difficult to complete and shareholders may have to submit exchange requests in writing.
If the exchanging shareholder does not currently own shares of the investment portfolio whose shares are being acquired, a new account will be established with the same registration, dividend and capital gain options and broker of record as the account from which shares are exchanged, unless otherwise specified in writing by the shareholder with all signatures guaranteed by an “eligible guarantor institution” as defined in Rule 17 Ad-15 under the Exchange Act. In order to participate in the Automatic Investment Program or establish a Systematic Withdrawal Plan for the new account, however, an exchanging shareholder must file a specific written request.
Any share exchange must satisfy the requirements relating to the minimum initial investment requirement, and must be legally available for sale in the state of the investor’s residence. For Federal income tax purposes, a share exchange is a taxable event and, accordingly, a capital gain or loss may be realized. Before making an exchange request, shareholders should consult a tax or other financial adviser and should consider the investment objective, policies and restrictions of the investment portfolio into which the shareholder is making an exchange. Brokers may charge a fee for handling exchanges.
The Fund reserves the right to suspend, modify or terminate the exchange privilege at any time. Notice will be given to shareholders of any material modification or termination except where notice is not required. The Fund reserves the right to reject any telephone exchange request. Telephone exchanges may be subject to limitations as to amount or frequency, and to other restrictions that may be established from time to time to ensure that exchanges do not operate to the disadvantage of any portfolio or its shareholders. The Fund, the Administrator and BRIL will employ reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are genuine. The Fund, the Trust, the Administrator(s) and BRIL will not be liable for any loss, liability, cost or expense for acting upon telephone instructions reasonably believed to be genuine in accordance with such procedures.
By use of the exchange privilege, the investor authorizes the Fund’s transfer agent to act on telephonic or written exchange instructions from any person representing him- or herself to be the investor and believed by the Fund’s transfer agent to be genuine. The records of the Fund’s transfer agent pertaining to such instructions are binding. The exchange privilege may be modified or terminated at any time upon 60 days’ notice to affected shareholders. The exchange privilege is only available in states where the exchange may legally be made.
The redemption of shares of one fund and the subsequent investment in another fund generally will be treated as two separate transactions. Therefore, a front-end sales charge will be imposed (unless an exemption applies) on the purchase of Investor A or Investor A1 Shares of a Non-Money Market Portfolio with the proceeds of a redemption of Investor A Shares of the Fund. In addition, when Investor C Shares of the Fund are redeemed and the proceeds are used to purchase Investor C Shares of a Non-Money Market Portfolio, a CDSC will be imposed (unless an exemption applies) when the Investor C Shares of the Non-Money Market Portfolio are redeemed.
The Fund has adopted an automatic conversion feature for Investor C Shares. Effective November 23, 2020, Investor C Shares held for approximately eight years will be converted into Investor A Shares, as set forth in the Fund’s Prospectus. In addition, accounts that do not have a financial intermediary associated with them are not eligible to hold Investor C Shares, and any Investor C Shares held in such accounts will be automatically converted to Investor A Shares.
A CDSC of up to 1.00% may apply to certain redemptions of Investor A Shares of Summit Cash Reserves purchased in an exchange transaction for Investor A Shares of another mutual fund sponsored and advised by BlackRock or its affiliates (“BlackRock Fund”) where no initial sales charge was paid at the time of purchase of such fund (each, an “Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Portfolio”) as part of an investment of $1,000,000 (lesser
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amounts may apply depending on the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Portfolio) or more. The Investor A Shares CDSC is only charged upon redemptions of Investor A Shares within 18 months after you originally acquired such Investor A Shares of the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Portfolio (a shorter holding period may apply depending on the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Portfolio), unless you qualify for a waiver. There is no CDSC charged on redemptions if you have owned your Investor A Shares for more than 18 months (or for a shorter holding period, as applicable) as measured from your original purchase of Investor A Shares that you exchanged into Investor A Shares of Summit Cash Reserves or if you purchase Investor A Shares of Summit Cash Reserves not through an exchange. The deferred sales charge on Investor A Shares is not charged in connection with: (a) redemptions of Investor A Shares purchased through certain employer-sponsored retirement plans and rollovers of current investments in a Fund through such plans; (b) exchanges pursuant to the exchange privilege described in the Fund’s Prospectus; (c) redemptions made in connection with minimum required distributions due to the shareholder reaching age 72 from IRA and 403(b)(7) accounts; (d) redemptions made with respect to certain retirement plans sponsored by BlackRock or its affiliates; (e) redemptions (i) within one year of a shareholder’s death or, if later, the receipt of a certified probate settlement (including in connection with the distribution of account assets to a beneficiary of the decedent) or (ii) in connection with a shareholder’s disability (as defined in the Code) subsequent to the purchase of Investor A Shares; (f) involuntary redemptions of Investor A Shares in accounts with low balances; (g) certain redemptions made pursuant to the Systematic Withdrawal Plan (described below); (h) redemptions related to the payment of BNY Mellon Investment Servicing Trust Company custodial IRA fees; and (i) redemptions when a shareholder can demonstrate hardship, in the absolute discretion of a Fund.
If a holder of Investor A Shares of the Fund subsequently exchanges back into the same class of shares of the original affiliated fund it will do so without paying any sales charge. If a holder of Investor A Shares of the Fund exchanges into Investor A Shares of another affiliated fund, the holder will be required to pay a sales charge equal to the difference, if any, between the sales charge previously paid on the shares of the original affiliated fund and the sales charge payable at the time of the exchange on the shares of the new affiliated fund.
It is contemplated that the exchange privilege may be applicable to other new mutual funds whose shares are distributed by the Distributor.
Under the exchange privilege, exchanges are made on the basis of the relative NAVs of the shares being exchanged. Shares issued pursuant to dividend reinvestment are sold on a no-load basis in each of the affiliated funds. For purposes of the exchange privilege, dividend reinvestment shares shall be deemed to have been sold with a sales charge equal to the sales charge previously paid on the shares on which the dividend was paid. Based on this formula an exchange of Investor A Shares of the Fund for Investor A Shares of an affiliated fund generally will require the payment of a sales charge equal to the difference, if any, between the sales charge previously paid on the Investor A Shares originally exchanged for Investor A Shares of the Fund and the sales charge that may be payable at the time of the exchange on the Investor A Shares of the affiliated fund to be acquired.
Before effecting an exchange, shareholders of the Fund should obtain a currently effective prospectus of the affiliated fund into which the exchange is to be made for information regarding the fund and for further details regarding such exchange.
To effect an exchange, shareholders should contact their financial adviser, selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary, who will advise the Fund of the exchange, or write to the Fund’s transfer agent requesting that the exchange be effected. Shareholders of certain affiliated funds with shares for which certificates have not been issued may effect an exchange by wire through their securities dealers. The exchange privilege may be modified or terminated at any time in accordance with the rules of the Commission. There is currently no limitation on the number of times a shareholder may effect an exchange into the Fund through the exchange privilege; however, the Fund reserves the right to limit the number of times an investor may effect an exchange. Certain affiliated funds may suspend the continuous offering of their shares at any time and thereafter may resume such offering from time to time. The exchange privilege is available only to U.S. shareholders in states where the exchange legally may be made.
An exchange pursuant to the exchange privilege is treated as a sale of the exchanged shares and a purchase of the new shares for Federal income tax purposes. In addition, an exchanging shareholder of any of the funds may be subject to backup withholding unless such shareholder certifies under penalty of perjury that the taxpayer identification number on file with any such fund is correct, and that he or she is not otherwise subject to backup withholding. See “Dividends and Taxes — Taxes.”
Additional Shareholder Features (Investor A and Investor C Shares Only)
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Automatic Investment Plan (“AIP”). Certain shareholders may arrange for periodic investments in the Fund through automatic deductions from a checking or savings account by completing the AIP Application which may be obtained from the Fund at (800) 441-7762, or online at www.blackrock.com. The minimum pre-authorized investment amount is $50 per Fund.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan (“SWP”). The Fund offers a Systematic Withdrawal Plan to shareholders who wish to receive regular distributions from their accounts. Upon commencement of the SWP, the account must have a current value of $10,000 or more in the Fund. Shareholders may elect to receive automatic cash payments of $50 or more at any interval. You may choose any day for the withdrawal. If no day is specified, the withdrawals will be processed on the 25th day of the month or, if such day is not a Business Day, on the prior Business Day and are paid promptly thereafter. An investor may utilize the SWP by completing the Systematic Withdrawal Plan Application Form which may be obtained by calling the Fund or by visiting our website at www.blackrock.com.
Shareholders should realize that if withdrawals exceed income dividends their invested principal in the account will be depleted. To participate in the SWP, shareholders must have their dividends automatically reinvested. Shareholders may change or cancel the SWP at any time, upon written notice to the Fund, or by calling the Fund at (800) 441-7762.
For this reason, a shareholder may not participate in the Automatic Investment Plan (see “Account Services and Privileges — Automatic Investment Plan” in the Fund’s Prospectus) and the Systematic Withdrawal Plan at the same time.
Dividend Allocation Plan. The Dividend Allocation Plan allows shareholders to elect to have all their dividends and any other distributions from the Fund or any Eligible Fund (which includes the Fund and other funds as designated by BRIL from time to time) automatically invested at NAV in one other such Eligible Fund designated by the shareholder, provided the account into which the dividends and distributions are directed is initially funded with the requisite minimum amount.
Conversion of Investor C Shares to Investor A Shares
Effective November 23, 2020 (the “Effective Date”), approximately eight years after purchase, Investor C Shares of the Fund will convert automatically into Investor A Shares of the Fund (the “Investor C 8-Year Conversion”). It is the financial intermediary’s responsibility to ensure that the shareholder is credited with the proper holding period. As of the Effective Date, certain financial intermediaries, including group retirement recordkeeping platforms, may not have been tracking such holding periods and therefore may not be able to process such conversions. In such instances, Investor C Shares held as of the Effective Date will automatically convert to Investor A Shares approximately eight years after the Effective Date. If, as of November 23, 2028 (eight years after the Effective Date), a financial intermediary has not implemented systems or procedures to track holding periods commencing from the Effective Date, shareholders holding Investor C Shares through such financial intermediary will no longer be eligible to hold Investor C Shares and any such shares will convert to Investor A Shares as soon as reasonably practicable after such date.
In addition, accounts that do not have a financial intermediary associated with them are not eligible to hold Investor C Shares, and any Investor C Shares held in such accounts will be automatically converted into Investor A Shares (the “Investor C Direct Accounts Conversion” and together with the Investor C 8-Year Conversion, the “Investor C Conversions”).
The Investor C Conversions will occur at least once each month (on the “Investor C Conversion Date”) on the basis of the relative NAV of the shares of the two applicable classes on the Investor C Conversion Date, without the imposition of any sales load, fee or other charge. The Investor C Conversions will not be deemed a purchase or sale of the shares for Federal income tax purposes. Shares acquired through reinvestment of dividends on Investor C Shares will also convert automatically to Investor A Shares, as set forth in the Fund’s Prospectus. The Investor C Conversion Date for dividend reinvestment shares will be calculated taking into account the length of time the shares underlying the dividend reinvestment shares were outstanding.
Institutional Shares
Purchase of Shares. Summit Cash Reserves offers Institutional Shares as described in the Fund’s Prospectus.
In addition, the following investors may purchase Institutional Shares: employees, officers and directors/trustees of BlackRock, Inc., BlackRock Funds, Bank of America Corporation (“BofA Corp.”), Barclays PLC or their respective affiliates and immediate family members of such persons, if they open an account directly with BlackRock;
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individuals and “Institutional Investors” with a minimum initial investment of $2 million who may purchase shares of the Fund through a financial intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to purchase such shares (“Institutional Investors” include, but are not limited to, endowments, foundations, family offices, local, city, and state governmental institutions, corporations, and insurance company separate accounts); employer-sponsored retirement plans (which, for this purpose, do not include SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs), state sponsored 529 college savings plans, collective trust funds, investment companies or other pooled investment vehicles, unaffiliated thrifts and unaffiliated banks and trust companies, each of which may purchase shares of the Fund through a financial intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to purchase such shares; clients investing through a self-directed IRA brokerage account program sponsored by a retirement plan record-keeper, provided that such program offers only mutual fund options and that the program maintains an account with the Fund on an omnibus basis; clients of financial intermediaries that: (i) charge such clients a fee for advisory, investment consulting, or similar services or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Institutional Shares through a no-load program or investment platform, in each case, with no minimum initial investment; clients investing through financial intermediaries that have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer such shares on a platform that charges a transaction based sales commission outside of the Fund, with a minimum initial investment of $1,000; tax-qualified accounts for insurance agents that are registered representatives of an insurance company’s broker-dealer that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Institutional Shares, and the family members of such persons, with a minimum initial investment of $1,000; trust department clients of Bank of America, N.A. and its affiliates for whom they (i) act in a fiduciary capacity (excluding participant directed employee benefit plans), (ii) otherwise have investment discretion, or (iii) act as custodian for at least $2 million in assets; and holders of certain BofA Corp. sponsored unit investment trusts (UITs) who reinvest dividends received from such UITs in shares of the Fund.
The Fund may in its discretion waive or modify any minimum investment amount, may reject any order for any class of shares and may suspend and resume the sale of shares of the Fund at any time.
Institutional Shares of the Fund may be purchased by customers of broker-dealers and agents that have established a servicing relationship with the Fund on behalf of their customers. These broker-dealers and agents may impose additional or different conditions on the purchase or redemption of Fund shares by their customers and may charge their customers transaction, account or other fees on the purchase and redemption of Fund shares. Each broker-dealer or agent is responsible for transmitting to its customers a schedule of any such fees and information regarding any additional or different conditions regarding purchases and redemptions. Shareholders who are customers of such broker-dealers or agents should consult them for information regarding these fees and conditions.
Except as otherwise specified in the Fund’s Prospectus, payment for Institutional Shares must normally be made in Federal funds or other immediately available funds by the time specified by the shareholder’s financial intermediary, but in no event later than the close of the federal funds wire (normally 6:45 p.m. (Eastern time)). Payment may also, in the discretion of the Fund, be made in the form of securities that are permissible investments for the Fund. If payment for a purchase order is not received by the prescribed time, an investor may be liable for any resulting losses or expenses incurred by the Fund.
Financial intermediaries may, in connection with a change in account type or otherwise in accordance with a financial intermediary’s policies and procedures, exchange shares of the Fund from one class of shares to another class of shares of the Fund, provided that the exchanged shares are not subject to a CDSC and that shareholders meet eligibility requirements of the new share class.
DCC&S. Qualified Plans may be able to invest in shares of the Fund through the Defined Contribution Clearance and Settlement System (“DCC&S”) of the National Securities Clearing Corporation. Institutions qualifying to trade on DCC&S include broker/dealers, trust companies and third party administrators. Please contact the Fund for information on agreements, procedures, sales charges and fees related to DCC&S transactions.
Purchase of Shares of WeLEAF
WeLEAF has authorized one or more brokers and/or financial institutions (“Authorized Persons”) to receive on its behalf purchase and redemption orders that are in “good form” in accordance with the policies of those Authorized Persons. Such Authorized Persons are authorized to designate other intermediaries to receive purchase and redemption orders on the Fund’s behalf, and the Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an Authorized Person or, if applicable, such Authorized Person’s authorized designee, receives the order. Such customer orders will be priced at the Fund’s NAV next computed after they are received by an Authorized Person or such Authorized Person’s authorized designee. Financial institutions may include retirement plan service providers who aggregate purchase and redemption instructions received from numerous retirement plans or plan participants.
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Investor Shares
Purchase of Shares. The minimum investment for the initial purchase of shares is $1,000. There is no investment minimum for employer-sponsored retirement plans (not including SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs). There is no investment minimum for certain fee-based programs. There is a $50 minimum for subsequent investments (with the exception of certain employer-sponsored retirement plans which may have a lower minimum). Purchases through the Automatic Investment Plan are subject to a lower initial purchase minimum. In addition, the minimum initial investment for employees of the Fund, the Fund’s Manager, sub-adviser, BRIL or transfer agent or employees of their affiliates is $100, unless payment is made through a payroll deduction program in which case the minimum investment is $25.
Purchases Through Brokers. It is the responsibility of brokers to transmit purchase orders and payment on a timely basis. Generally, if payment is not received within the period described in the Prospectus, the order will be canceled, notice thereof will be given, and the broker and its customers will be responsible for any loss to the Fund or its shareholders. Orders of less than $500 may be mailed by a broker to the transfer agent.
Other Purchase Information. Shares of the Fund are sold on a continuous basis by BRIL as distributor. BRIL maintains its principal offices at 50 Hudson Yards, New York, New York 10001. Purchases may be effected on weekdays on which both the NYSE and the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia are open for business (a “Business Day”). Payment for orders which are not received or accepted will be returned after prompt inquiry. The issuance of shares is recorded on the books of the Fund. No certificates will be issued for shares. Payments for shares of the Fund may, in the discretion of the Fund’s Manager, be made in the form of securities that are permissible investments for the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order, to modify or waive the minimum initial or subsequent investment requirement and to suspend and resume the sale of any share class of the Fund at any time.
Shareholder Features
Exchange Privilege. Unless an exemption applies, a front-end sales charge will be charged in connection with exchanges of Investor A Shares of WeLEAF for Investor A Shares of one of the funds advised by BlackRock or its affiliates where an initial sales charge is assessed at the time of purchase of such fund (each, an “Investor A Load BlackRock Fund”). Exchanges of Investor C Shares of WeLEAF for Investor C Shares of a Non-Money Market Portfolio will be exercised at NAV. However, a CDSC will be charged in connection with the redemption of the Investor C Shares of the Non-Money Market Portfolio received in the exchange.
A CDSC of up to 1.00% may apply to certain redemptions of Investor A Shares of WeLEAF purchased in an exchange transaction for Investor A Shares of a portfolio advised by BlackRock or its affiliates where no initial sales charge was paid at the time of purchase of such Fund (an “Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund”) as part of an investment of $1,000,000 (lesser amounts may apply depending on the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund) or more. The Investor A Shares CDSC is only charged upon redemptions of Investor A Shares within 18 months after you originally acquired such Investor A Shares of the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund (a shorter holding period may apply depending on the Investor A Load-Waived BlackRock Fund), unless you qualify for a waiver. There is no CDSC charged on redemptions if you have owned your Investor A Shares for more than 18 months (or for a shorter holding period, as applicable) as measured from your original purchase of Investor A Shares that you exchanged into Investor A Shares of WeLEAF. The deferred sales charge on Investor A Shares is not charged in connection with: (a) redemptions of Investor A Shares purchased through certain employer-sponsored retirement plans and rollovers of current investments in a Fund through such plans; (b) exchanges pursuant to the exchange privilege described in the Fund’s Prospectus; (c) redemptions made in connection with minimum required distributions due to the shareholder reaching age 72 from IRA and 403(b)(7) accounts; (d) redemptions made with respect to certain retirement plans sponsored by BlackRock or its affiliates; (e) redemptions (i) within one year of a shareholder’s death or, if later, the receipt of a certified probate settlement (including in connection with the distribution of account assets to a beneficiary of the decedent) or (ii) in connection with a shareholder’s disability (as defined in the Code) subsequent to the purchase of Investor A Shares; (f) involuntary redemptions of Investor A Shares in accounts with low balances; (g) certain redemptions made pursuant to the Systematic Withdrawal Plan (described below); (h) redemptions related to the payment of BNY Mellon Investment Servicing Trust Company custodial IRA fees; and (i) redemptions when a shareholder can demonstrate hardship, in the absolute discretion of a Fund.
A CDSC of 1.00% may apply to certain redemptions of Investor C Shares of WeLEAF. The Investor C Shares CDSC is only charged upon redemptions of Investor C Shares within one year after you originally acquired the Investor C Shares of the Non-Money Market Portfolio, unless you qualify for a waiver. There is no CDSC charged on redemptions if you have owned your Investor C Shares for more than one year (as measured from your original
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purchase of Investor C Shares that you exchanged into Investor C Shares of WeLEAF). In determining whether an Investor C Shares CDSC is applicable to a redemption, the calculation will be determined in the manner that results in the lowest possible rate being charged. The charge will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of the proceeds of redemption or the cost of the shares being redeemed. Accordingly, no CDSC will be imposed on increases in NAV above the initial purchase price of Investor C Shares. In addition, no CDSC will be assessed on Investor C Shares acquired through reinvestment of dividends. It will be assumed that the redemption is first of shares held for over one year or shares acquired pursuant to reinvestment of dividends and then of shares held longest during the one-year period. A transfer of shares from a shareholder’s account to another account will be assumed to be made in the same order as a redemption.
See “Information on Sales Charges and Distribution Related Expenses” in Part I of the Fund’s SAI for information about amounts paid to the Distributor in connection with CDSC shares for the periods indicated.
The CDSC on Investor C Shares is not charged in connection with: (1) redemptions of Investor C Shares purchased through certain employer-sponsored retirement plans and fee-based programs previously approved by certain Funds and rollovers of current investments in the Fund through such plans; (2) exchanges pursuant to the exchange privilege described in the Fund’s Prospectus; (3) redemptions made in connection with minimum required distributions due to the shareholder reaching age 72 from IRA and 403(b)(7) accounts; (4) redemptions made with respect to certain retirement plans sponsored by BlackRock or its affiliates; (5) redemptions in connection with a shareholder’s death as long as the waiver request is made within one year of death or, if later, reasonably promptly following completion of probate (including in connection with the distribution of account assets to a beneficiary of the decedent) or disability (as defined in the Code) subsequent to the purchase of Investor C Shares; (6) withdrawals resulting from shareholder disability (as defined in the Code) as long as the disability arose subsequent to the purchase of the shares; (7) involuntary redemptions of Investor C Shares in accounts with low balances as described in “Redemption of Shares” below; (8) redemptions made pursuant to a systematic withdrawal plan, subject to the limitations set forth under “Systematic Withdrawal Plan” below; (9) redemptions related to the payment of BNY Mellon Investment Servicing Trust Company custodial IRA fees; and (10) redemptions when a shareholder can demonstrate hardship, in the absolute discretion of the Fund. In addition, no CDSC is charged on Investor C Shares acquired through the reinvestment of dividends or distributions.
WeLEAF has adopted an automatic conversion feature for Investor C Shares. Effective November 23, 2020, Investor C Shares held for approximately eight years will be converted into Investor A Shares, as set forth in the Fund’s Prospectus. In addition, accounts that do not have a financial intermediary associated with them are not eligible to hold Investor C Shares, and any Investor C Shares held in such accounts will be automatically converted to Investor A Shares.
Certain CDSC waivers and reductions on Investor C Shares may be available to customers of certain financial intermediaries, as described under “Intermediary-Defined Sales Charge Waiver Policies” in the Fund’s Prospectus. Please speak to your financial intermediary for more information.
Investor A Shares of the Fund that were (1) acquired through the use of the exchange privilege and (2) can be traced back to a purchase of shares in one or more investment portfolios of the Fund for which a sales charge was paid, can be exchanged for Investor A Shares of the Fund subject to a sales charge.
A shareholder wishing to make an exchange may do so by sending a written request to the Fund at the following address: BlackRock, P.O. Box 534429, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15253-4429. Shareholders are automatically provided with telephone exchange privileges when opening an account, unless they indicate on the Application that they do not wish to use this privilege. To add this feature to an existing account that previously did not provide this option, a request must be made in writing or by telephone. Once this election has been made, the shareholder may simply contact the Fund by telephone at (800) 441-7762 to request the exchange. During periods of substantial economic or market change, telephone exchanges may be difficult to complete and shareholders may have to submit exchange requests in writing.
If the exchanging shareholder does not currently own shares of the investment portfolio whose shares are being acquired, a new account will be established with the same registration, dividend and capital gain options and broker of record as the account from which shares are exchanged, unless otherwise specified in writing by the shareholder with all signatures guaranteed by an eligible guarantor institution. In order to participate in the Automatic Investment Program or establish a Systematic Withdrawal Plan for the new account, however, an exchanging shareholder must file a specific written request.
Any share exchange must satisfy the requirements relating to the minimum initial investment requirement, and must be legally available for sale in the state of the investor’s residence. For Federal income tax purposes, a share
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exchange is a taxable event and, accordingly, a capital gain or loss may be realized. Before making an exchange request, shareholders should consult a tax or other financial adviser and should consider the investment objective, policies and restrictions of the investment portfolio into which the shareholder is making an exchange. Brokers may charge a fee for handling exchanges.
The Fund reserves the right to suspend, modify or terminate the exchange privilege at any time. Notice will be given to shareholders of any material modification or termination except where notice is not required. The Fund reserves the right to reject any telephone exchange request. Telephone exchanges may be subject to limitations as to amount or frequency, and to other restrictions that may be established from time to time to ensure that exchanges do not operate to the disadvantage of any portfolio or its shareholders. The Fund, the Administrator and BRIL will employ reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are genuine. The Fund, the Trust, the Administrator and BRIL will not be liable for any loss, liability, cost or expense for acting upon telephone instructions reasonably believed to be genuine in accordance with such procedures.
By use of the exchange privilege, the investor authorizes the Fund’s transfer agent to act on telephonic or written exchange instructions from any person representing him– or herself to be the investor and believed by the Fund’s transfer agent to be genuine. The records of the Fund’s transfer agent pertaining to such instructions are binding. The exchange privilege may be modified or terminated at any time upon 60 days’ notice to affected shareholders. The exchange privilege is only available in states where the exchange may legally be made.
The redemption of shares of one fund and the subsequent investment in another fund generally will be treated as two separate transactions. Therefore, a front-end sales charge will be imposed (unless an exemption applies) on the purchase of Investor A or Investor A1 Shares of an Investor A Load BlackRock Fund with the proceeds of a redemption of Investor Shares of WeLEAF. In addition, when Investor Shares of WeLEAF are redeemed and the proceeds are used to purchase Investor C Shares of a Non-Money Market Portfolio, a CDSC will be imposed (unless an exemption applies) when the Investor C Shares of the Non-Money Market Portfolio are redeemed.
Automatic Investment Plan (“AIP”). Certain shareholders may arrange for periodic investments in the Fund through automatic deductions from a checking or savings account by completing the AIP Application which may be obtained from the Fund at (800) 441-7762, or online at www.blackrock.com. The minimum pre-authorized investment amount is $50 per Fund.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan (“SWP”). WeLEAF offers a Systematic Withdrawal Plan to shareholders who wish to receive regular distributions from their accounts. Upon commencement of the SWP, the account must have a current value of $10,000 or more in the Fund. Shareholders may elect to receive automatic cash payments of $50 or more at any interval. You may choose any day for the withdrawal. If no day is specified, the withdrawals will be processed on the 25th day of the month or, if such day is not a Business Day, on the prior Business Day and are paid promptly thereafter. An investor may utilize the SWP by completing the Systematic Withdrawal Plan Application Form which may be obtained by calling the Fund or by visiting our website at www.blackrock.com.
Shareholders should realize that if withdrawals exceed income dividends their invested principal in the account will be depleted. To participate in the SWP, shareholders must have their dividends automatically reinvested. Shareholders may change or cancel the SWP at any time, upon written notice to the Fund, or by calling the Fund at (800) 441-7762.
For this reason, a shareholder may not participate in the Automatic Investment Plan (see “Account Services and Privileges — Automatic Investment Plan” in the Fund’s Prospectus) and the Systematic Withdrawal Plan at the same time.
Dividend Allocation Plan. The Dividend Allocation Plan allows shareholders to elect to have all their dividends and any other distributions from WeLEAF or any Eligible Fund (which includes the Fund and other funds as designated by BRIL from time to time) automatically invested at NAV in one other such Eligible Fund designated by the shareholder, provided the account into which the dividends and distributions are directed is initially funded with the requisite minimum amount.
Conversion of Investor C Shares to Investor A Shares. Effective November 23, 2020 (the “Effective Date”), approximately eight years after purchase, Investor C Shares of WeLEAF will convert automatically into Investor A Shares of WeLEAF (the “Investor C 8-Year Conversion”). It is the financial intermediary’s responsibility to ensure that the shareholder is credited with the proper holding period. As of the Effective Date, certain financial intermediaries, including group retirement recordkeeping platforms, may not have been tracking such holding periods and therefore may not be able to process such conversions. In such instances, Investor C Shares held as of the Effective Date will automatically convert to Investor A Shares approximately eight years after the Effective Date. If, as of
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November 23, 2028 (eight years after the Effective Date), a financial intermediary has not implemented systems or procedures to track holding periods commencing from the Effective Date, shareholders holding Investor C Shares through such financial intermediary will no longer be eligible to hold Investor C Shares and any such shares will convert to Investor A Shares as soon as reasonably practicable after such date.
In addition, accounts that do not have a financial intermediary associated with them are not eligible to hold Investor C Shares, and any Investor C Shares held in such accounts will be automatically converted into Investor A Shares (the “Investor C Direct Accounts Conversion” and together with the Investor C 8-Year Conversion, the “Investor C Conversions”).
The Investor C Conversions will occur at least once each month (on the “Investor C Conversion Date”) on the basis of the relative NAV of the shares of the two applicable classes on the Investor C Conversion Date, without the imposition of any sales load, fee or other charge. The Investor C Conversions will not be deemed a purchase or sale of the shares for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Shares acquired through reinvestment of dividends on Investor C Shares will also convert automatically to Investor A Shares, as set forth in WeLEAF’s Prospectus. The Investor C Conversion Date for dividend reinvestment shares will be calculated taking into account the length of time the shares underlying the dividend reinvestment shares were outstanding.
Institutional Shares
Purchase of Shares. WeLEAF offers Institutional Shares as described in the Fund’s Prospectus.
The following investors may purchase Institutional Shares of WeLEAF, provided that the beneficial owners of such shares are natural persons: employees, officers and directors/trustees of BlackRock, Inc., BlackRock Funds, BofA Corp., Barclays PLC or their respective affiliates and immediate family members of such persons, if they open an account directly with BlackRock; individuals with a minimum initial investment of $2 million who may purchase shares of the Fund through a financial intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to purchase such shares; employer-sponsored retirement plans (which, for this purpose, do not include SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs) and state sponsored 529 college savings plans, each of which may purchase shares of the Fund through a financial intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to purchase such shares; clients investing through a self-directed IRA brokerage account program sponsored by a retirement plan record-keeper, provided that such program offers only mutual fund options and that the program maintains an account with the Fund on an omnibus basis; clients of financial intermediaries that: (i) charge such clients a fee for advisory, investment consulting, or similar services or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Institutional Shares through a no-load program or investment platform, in each case, with no minimum initial investment; clients investing through financial intermediaries that have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer such shares on a platform that charges a transaction based sales commission outside of the Fund, with a minimum initial investment of $1,000; tax-qualified accounts for insurance agents that are registered representatives of an insurance company’s broker-dealer that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Institutional Shares, and the family members of such persons, with a minimum initial investment of $1,000; trust department clients of Bank of America, N.A. and its affiliates for whom they (i) act in a fiduciary capacity (excluding participant directed employee benefit plans), (ii) otherwise have investment discretion, or (iii) act as custodian for at least $2 million in assets; and holders of certain BofA Corp. sponsored unit investment trusts (UITs) who reinvest dividends received from such UITs in shares of the Fund.
The Fund may in its discretion waive or modify any minimum investment amount, may reject any order for any class of shares and may suspend and resume the sale of shares of the Fund at any time.
Institutional Shares of the Fund may be purchased by customers of broker-dealers and agents that have established a servicing relationship with the Fund on behalf of their customers. These broker-dealers and agents may impose additional or different conditions on the purchase or redemption of Fund shares by their customers and may charge their customers transaction, account or other fees on the purchase and redemption of Fund shares. Each broker-dealer or agent is responsible for transmitting to its customers a schedule of any such fees and information regarding any additional or different conditions regarding purchases and redemptions. Shareholders who are customers of such broker-dealers or agents should consult them for information regarding these fees and conditions.
Except as otherwise specified in the Fund’s Prospectus, payment for Institutional Shares must normally be made in Federal funds or other immediately available funds by the close of the federal funds wire (normally 6:45 p.m. (Eastern time)). Payment may also, in the discretion of the Fund, be made in the form of securities that are permissible investments for the Fund. If payment for a purchase order is not received by the prescribed time, an investor may be liable for any resulting losses or expenses incurred by the Fund.
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Financial intermediaries may, in connection with a change in account type or otherwise in accordance with a financial intermediary’s policies and procedures, exchange shares of the Fund from one class of shares to another class of shares of the Fund, provided that the exchanged shares are not subject to a CDSC and that shareholders meet eligibility requirements of the new share class. Please speak to your financial intermediary for information about specific policies and procedures applicable to your account.
Purchase Privileges of Certain Persons. Employees, officers, directors/trustees of BlackRock, Inc., BlackRock Funds, BofA Corp., or their respective affiliates; and any trust, pension, profit-sharing or other benefit plan for such persons may purchase Institutional Shares at lower investment minimums than stated in the Fund’s Prospectus. The Fund realizes economies of scale and reduction of sales-related expenses by virtue of the familiarity of these persons with the Fund. Employees, directors, and board members of other funds wishing to purchase shares of the Fund must satisfy the Fund’s suitability standards.
DCC&S. Qualified Plans may be able to invest in shares of WeLEAF through the Defined Contribution Clearance and Settlement System (“DCC&S”) of the National Securities Clearing Corporation. Institutions qualifying to trade on DCC&S include broker/dealers, trust companies and third party administrators. Please contact the Fund for information on agreements, procedures, sales charges and fees related to DCC&S transactions.
Premier Shares
Purchase of Shares. WeLEAF offers Premier Shares as described in the Fund’s Prospectus.
The following investors may purchase Premier Shares of WeLEAF, provided that the beneficial owners of such shares are natural persons: employees of BlackRock whose accounts are held through a financial intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Premier Shares; individuals with a minimum initial investment of $2 million who may purchase shares of the Fund through a financial intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to purchase such shares; clients of financial intermediaries that: (i) charge such clients a fee for advisory, investment consulting, or similar services or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Premier Shares through a no-load program or investment platform, in each case, with no minimum initial investment; and clients investing through financial intermediaries that have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer such shares on a platform that charges a transaction based sales commission outside of the Fund, with a minimum initial investment of $1,000.
The Fund may in its discretion waive or modify any minimum investment amount, may reject any order for any class of shares and may suspend and resume the sale of shares of the Fund at any time.
Premier Shares of the Fund may be purchased by customers of broker-dealers and agents that have established a servicing relationship with the Fund on behalf of their customers. These broker-dealers and agents may impose additional or different conditions on the purchase or redemption of Fund shares by their customers and may charge their customers transaction, account or other fees on the purchase and redemption of Fund shares. Each broker-dealer or agent is responsible for transmitting to its customers a schedule of any such fees and information regarding any additional or different conditions regarding purchases and redemptions. Shareholders who are customers of such broker-dealers or agents should consult them for information regarding these fees and conditions.
Only purchase orders submitted through the NSCC Fund/SERV trading platform will be accepted. Payment may, in the discretion of the Fund, be made in the form of securities that are permissible investments for the Fund.
Financial intermediaries may, in connection with a change in account type or otherwise in accordance with a financial intermediary’s policies and procedures, exchange shares of the Fund from one class of shares to another class of shares of the Fund, provided that the exchanged shares are not subject to a CDSC and that shareholders meet eligibility requirements of the new share class. Please speak to your financial intermediary for information about specific policies and procedures applicable to your account.
The Fund’s initial investment minimum is described in the Prospectus. There are no subsequent investment minimums. The Fund reserves the right to reduce or waive the minimums in certain cases.
Purchase of Shares of Circle Reserve
Institutional Shares
Purchase of Shares. Circle Reserve offers Institutional Shares as described in the Fund’s Prospectus. The minimum investment for the initial purchase of shares is $2 billion. Shares are only available for purchase by Circle Internet Financial, LLC and Circle Internet Financial Europe SAS.
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The Fund may in its discretion waive or modify any minimum investment amount, may reject any order for any Institutional Shares and may suspend and resume the sale of shares of the Fund at any time.
Other Purchase Information. Shares of the Fund are sold on a continuous basis by BRIL as distributor. BRIL maintains its principal offices at 50 Hudson Yards, New York, New York 10001. Purchases may be effected on weekdays on which both the NYSE and the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia are open for business (a “Business Day”). Payment for orders which are not received or accepted will be returned after prompt inquiry. The issuance of shares is recorded on the books of the Fund. No certificates will be issued for shares. Payments for shares of the Fund may, in the discretion of the Fund’s Manager, be made in the form of securities that are permissible investments for the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order, to modify or waive the minimum initial or subsequent investment requirement and to suspend and resume the sale of any share class of the Fund at any time.
Except as otherwise specified in the Fund’s Prospectus, payment for Institutional Shares must normally be made in Federal funds or other immediately available funds by the close of the federal funds wire (normally 6:45 p.m. (Eastern time)). If payment for a purchase order is not received by the prescribed time, an investor may be liable for any resulting losses or expenses incurred by the Fund.
Right of Accumulation
Investors have a “right of accumulation” under which any of the following may be combined with the amount of the current purchase in determining whether an investor qualifies for a breakpoint and a reduced front-end sales charge: (i) the current value of an investor’s existing Investor A, Investor A1, Investor C, Investor P, Institutional, Class K and Premier Shares in most BlackRock Funds, (ii) the current value of an investor’s existing shares of certain unlisted closed-end management investment companies sponsored and advised by BlackRock or its affiliates and (iii) the investment in the BlackRock CollegeAdvantage 529 Program by the investor or by or on behalf of the investor’s spouse and children. Financial intermediaries may value current holdings of their customers differently for purposes of determining whether an investor qualifies for a breakpoint and a reduced front-end sales charge, although customers of the same financial intermediary will be treated similarly. In order to use this right, the investor must alert BlackRock to the existence of any previously purchased shares. Although Investor A Shares of WeLEAF and Summit Cash Reserves generally are not subject to a sales charge, an investor’s existing Investor A, Investor C, Institutional and Premier Shares in WeLEAF and Summit Cash Reserves, as applicable, may be combined with the amount of an investor’s current purchase in determining whether an investor qualifies for a breakpoint and a reduced front-end sales charge. Institutional Shares of Circle Reserve may not be combined with shares of any other BlackRock Funds for purposes of determining whether an investor qualifies for a breakpoint and a reduced front-end sales charge.
Distribution and/or Shareholder Servicing Plans
Each Fund has entered into a distribution agreement with BlackRock Investments, LLC (previously defined as the “Distributor”) under which the Distributor, as agent, offers shares of each Fund on a continuous basis. The Distributor has agreed to use appropriate efforts to effect sales of the shares, but it is not obligated to sell any particular amount of shares. The Distributor’s principal business address is 50 Hudson Yards, New York, NY 10001. The Distributor is an affiliate of BlackRock.
Each Fund (with the exception of Circle Reserve, BlackRock Government Money Market Portfolio and BlackRock Government Money Market V.I. Fund) has adopted a shareholder servicing plan and/or a distribution plan or plans (in the case of Summit Cash Reserves with respect to Investor C Shares only and in the case of WeLEAF with respect to Investor A, Investor C and Service Shares only) (each, a “Distribution Plan”) in compliance with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act. Each Fund is authorized to pay the Distributor a fee at an annual rate based on the average daily NAV of Fund accounts maintained through the Distributor. The service fee is not compensation for the administrative and operational services rendered to shareholders by affiliates of the Manager that are covered by any other agreement between each Fund and the Manager. Each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to the Distribution Plan adopted with respect to such class pursuant to which service and/or distribution fees are paid. The fee paid by each Fund compensates the Distributor for providing, or arranging for the provision of, shareholder servicing and sales and promotional activities and services with respect to shares of each Fund. The Distributor then determines, based on a number of criteria, how to allocate such fee among financial advisers, selected dealers and affiliates of the Distributor.
Each Fund’s Distribution Plans are subject to the provisions of Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act. In their consideration of a Distribution Plan, the Trustees must consider all factors they deem relevant, including
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information as to the benefits of the Distribution Plan to the Fund and the related class of shareholders. In approving a Distribution Plan in accordance with Rule 12b-1, the non-interested Trustees concluded that there is reasonable likelihood that the Distribution Plan will benefit the Fund and its related class of shareholders.
Each Distribution Plan provides that, so long as the Distribution Plan remains in effect, the non-interested Trustees then in office will select and nominate other non-interested Trustees. Each Distribution Plan can be terminated at any time, without penalty, by the vote of a majority of the non-interested Trustees or by the vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding related class of voting securities of a Fund. A Distribution Plan cannot be amended to increase materially the amount to be spent by the Fund without the approval of the related class of shareholders. All material amendments are required to be approved by the vote of Trustees, including a majority of the non-interested Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Distribution Plan, cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose. Rule 12b-1 further requires that each Fund preserve copies of each Distribution Plan and any report made pursuant to such plan for a period of not less than six years from the date of the Distribution Plan or such report, the first two years of which should be stored in an easily accessible place.
Among other things, each Distribution Plan provides that the Trustees will review quarterly reports of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution expenditures paid to the Distributor. Information with respect to the distribution-related revenues and expenses is presented to the Trustees for their consideration on a quarterly basis. Distribution-related expenses consist of financial adviser compensation, branch office and regional operation center selling and transaction processing expenses, advertising, sales promotion and marketing expenses and interest expense. Sales personnel may receive different compensation for selling different classes of shares.
See “Information on Sales Charges and Distribution Related Expenses” or “Information on Distribution Related Expenses,” as applicable, in Part I of each Fund’s SAI for information relating to the fees paid by your Fund to the Distributor under each Distribution Plan during the Fund’s most recent fiscal year.
Limitations on the Payment of Asset Based Sales Charges. The maximum sales charge rule in the Conduct Rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) imposes a limitation on certain asset-based sales charges. The maximum sales charge rule is applied separately to each class and limits the aggregate of distribution fee payments and CDSCs payable by a Fund to (i) 7.25% of eligible gross sales of the applicable shares (excluding shares issued pursuant to dividend reinvestments and exchanges), plus (ii) interest on the unpaid balance for the applicable shares at the prime rate plus 1% (the unpaid balance being the maximum amount payable minus amounts received from the payment of the distribution fee).
Other Payments by the Fund
In addition to fees a Fund pays to its transfer agent, BlackRock, on behalf of a Fund, may enter into non-Plan agreements with affiliated and unaffiliated brokers, dealers, financial institutions, insurance companies, retirement plan record-keepers and other financial intermediaries (including BlackRock, BRIL and their affiliates, and entities that may also be serving as distribution agents) (collectively, “Service Organizations”) pursuant to which the Fund will pay a Service Organization for administrative, networking, recordkeeping, sub-transfer agency, sub-accounting and/or shareholder services. These non-Plan payments are generally based on either (1) a percentage of the average daily net assets of Fund shareholders serviced by a Service Organization or (2) a fixed dollar amount for each account serviced by a Service Organization. The aggregate amount of these payments may be substantial.
Additional Payments by BlackRock
From time to time, BlackRock, BRIL and/or their affiliates (referred to in this section collectively as “BlackRock”) may compensate Service Organizations for the sale and distribution of shares of a Fund, for services to a Fund and its shareholders and/or for data provision or technology support. A Service Organization may perform these obligations itself or may arrange for a third party to perform them. BlackRock may also make payments to Service Organizations as part of an effort to enhance its business relationship with such entities trading on technology platforms. These payments, which are not made pursuant to a Plan or otherwise paid by a Fund, are referred to as “Additional Payments” herein.
Additional Payments are made from BlackRock’s own assets (which may come directly or indirectly from fees paid by a Fund to BlackRock for various services, such as investment advisory services). These payments are not an additional charge to a Fund or its shareholders and do not change the price paid by shareholders for the purchase of a Fund’s shares or the amount a Fund receives as proceeds from such purchases. Additional Payments made to Service Organizations are in addition to any distribution or shareholder servicing fees paid under any Plan of any Fund, any sales charges, commissions or other concessions described in the Prospectus or this SAI, and any
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administrative, networking, recordkeeping, sub-transfer agency or sub-accounting fees payable by a Fund. Pursuant to applicable FINRA regulations, the details of certain of these payments, including the Service Organizations receiving such payments in connection with the sale and distribution of Fund shares, are required to be disclosed. While FINRA regulations limit the sales charges that shareholders may bear, there are no limits with regard to the amounts that BlackRock may pay out of its own assets.
Additional Payments may be made as a fixed dollar amount, may be based on the number of customer accounts maintained by a Service Organization, may be based on a percentage of the value of shares sold to, or held by, customers of the Service Organization involved, or may be calculated on another basis.
BlackRock negotiates Additional Payments with each Service Organization on an individual basis. Additional Payments may be different for different Service Organizations, and some Service Organizations may be paid pursuant to more than one of the calculations described above. Not all Service Organizations receive Additional Payments. Sales-based payments primarily create incentives to make new sales of shares of the Fund, and asset-based payments primarily create incentives to retain previously sold shares of the Fund. The level of payments made to these Service Organizations in any year will vary and may be limited to specific Funds or share classes. In certain cases, these payments may be subject to certain minimum payment levels.
The aggregate amount of Additional Payments made by BlackRock may be substantial and may be significant to certain Service Organizations. The categories of Additional Payments listed below are not mutually exclusive. The same Service Organization, or one or more of its affiliates, may receive payments under more than one category of Additional Payments.
A. Distribution and Marketing Support
Additional Payments may be made by BlackRock for distribution and marketing support activities. These payments may take the form of, among other things, “due diligence” payments for a Service Organization’s examination of a Fund; payments for providing extra employee training and information relating to a Fund; fees for access (in some cases on a preferential basis) to the Service Organization’s registered representatives, salespersons or other personnel, including at sales meetings and conferences; “shelf space” payments for placing the Fund on the Service Organization’s platform(s); “listing” fees for the placing of the Fund on a dealer’s list (which may be a preferred or recommended list) of mutual funds available for purchase by its customers or in certain sales programs from time to time; fees for providing assistance in promoting the sale of the Fund’s shares (which may include promotions in communications with the Service Organization’s customers, registered representatives, salespersons and/or other personnel); payments for the sale of shares and/or the maintenance of share balances; transaction fees (also referred to as “ticket charges”); and payments for infrastructure support. These payments normally will not exceed the sum of (a) 0.25% of such year’s Fund sales by that Service Organization, and (b) 0.21% of the assets attributable to that Service Organization invested in a Fund.
B. Shareholder Services
Many Fund shares are owned or held by Service Organizations for the benefit of their customers. In these situations, a Fund may not maintain accounts in the name of the customers, and Service Organizations may perform some of the functions for these customers’ accounts that the transfer agent would have performed if the accounts had been in the customers’ names on the Fund’s books. Such services include sub-accounting services, shareholder servicing and transaction processing services and are sometimes referred to as “recordkeeping,” “sub-transfer agency,” “sub-accounting,” “networking” and/or “administrative” services. Additional Payments may exceed amounts that would be earned on these assets by the transfer agent for the performance of these or similar services. These Additional Payments made by BlackRock are in addition to any transfer agent, shareholder servicing and transaction processing fees paid by a Fund, as applicable.
C. Data Provision and Technology Support
BlackRock may make Additional Payments to Service Organizations for the provision of certain analytical or other data services relating to the Funds, such as statistical information regarding sales of the Funds, or technology support. Such Additional Payments are generally made as a fixed dollar amount, and not based on assets or sales.
D. Service Organizations Receiving Additional Payments
As of the date of this SAI, the Service Organizations listed below, and, in some cases, certain of the Service Organization’s affiliates, may be receiving one or more types of Additional Payments. This list may change over time, and BlackRock may pay Service Organizations or their affiliates additional types of Additional Payments in the future.
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Please contact your Service Organization to determine whether it or its affiliate currently may be receiving such payments and to obtain further information regarding any such payments. 
&Partners
AccuTech Systems Corporation
ADP Broker-Dealer, Inc.
Advisor Credit Exchange, LLC
Advisor Group, Inc.
AE Wealth Management, LLC
Alight Solutions LLC
Allianz Life Financial Services, LLC
Allianz Life Insurance Company of New York
Allianz Life Insurance Company of North America
Altruist Financial LLC
American Enterprise Investment Services, Inc.
American General Life Insurance Company
American United Life Insurance Company
Annuity Investors Life Insurance Company
Argent Institutional Trust Company
Ascensus Broker Dealer Services, Inc.
Ascensus, Inc.
Atomic Brokerage LLC
Avantax Investment Services, LLC
Bancroft Capital LLC
Bank of America, N.A.
Bank of New York Mellon
Barclays Capital Inc.
Benefit Plans Administrative Services, Inc.
Benefit Trust Company
Beta Capital Securities LLC
BlackRock Advisors, LLC
BMO Capital Markets Corp.
BNP Paribas
BNP Paribas Investment Partners UK Limited
BNY Mellon, N.A.
BofA Securities, Inc.
BOKF, N.A.
Brighthouse Life Insurance Company
Brighthouse Life Insurance Company of NY
Broadridge Business Process Outsourcing, LLC
Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.
Cabrera Capital Markets, LLC
Cadaret Grant & Co., Inc.
Capital One, N.A.
Cetera Advisor Networks LLC
Cetera Advisors LLC
Cetera Financial Group
Cetera Financial Specialists LLC
Cetera Investment Services LLC
CF Secured, LLC
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
Charles Schwab Trust Bank
Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.
CIM Investment Management, Inc.
Citco Securities, LLC
CitiBank, National Association
Citigroup Global Markets, Inc.
Citizens Bank
Citizens Business Bank
CME Shareholder Servicing LLC
CMFG Life Insurance Company
Comerica Bank
Commonwealth Financial Network
Computershare Trust Company
Conduent HR Services, LLC
CUSO Financial Services, L.P.
Delaware Life Insurance Company
Delaware Trust Company
Deutsche Bank AG
Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas
Digital Retirement Solutions, Inc.
Dunham & Associates Investment Counsel, Inc.
Dynasty Financial Partners LLC
Edward D. Jones & Co., L.P.
Empire Fidelity Investments Life Insurance Company
Empower Annuity Insurance Company of America
Empower Financial Services, Inc.
Empower Life & Annuity Insurance Company of New York
Empower Plan Services, LLC
Envestnet Asset Management, Inc.
Equitable Advisors, LLC
Equitable Life Insurance Company
E*trade Savings Bank
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC
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Fidelity Investments Institutional Operations Company, Inc.
Fidelity Investments Life Insurance Company
Fifth Third Securities, Inc.
First Allied Securities, Inc.
First Command Financial Planning, Inc.
First Hawaiian Bank
First Republic Bank
First Security Benefit Life Insurance and Annuity Company of New York
First Symetra National Life Insurance Company of New York
FIS Brokerage & Securities Services LLC
FNEX Capital, LLC
Forethought Life Insurance Company
FSC Securities Corporation
Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company
Genworth Life Insurance Company of New York
Global Atlantic Distributors, LLC
Goldman Sachs & Co.
Great Pacific Securities, LLC
Guardian Insurance & Annuity Co., Inc.
Hancock Whitney Bank
Hartford Funds Management Company
Hartford Securities Distribution Company, Inc.
Hazeltree Fund Services, Inc.
Hightower Securities, Inc.
Hilltop Securities Inc.
HSBC Bank USA, N.A.
Huntington Securities, Inc.
Institutional Cash Distributors, LLC
Integrity Life Insurance Company
Investment Trust of California
J.P. Morgan Institutional Investments Inc.
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
Jefferies LLC
Jefferson National Life Insurance Company
Jefferson National Life Insurance Company of New York
John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.)
John Hancock Life Insurance Company of New York
John Hancock Trust Company
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
Kestra Investment Services, LLC
Lincoln Financial Advisors Corporation
Lincoln Financial Securities Corporation
Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York
Lincoln National Life Insurance Company
Lincoln Retirement Services LLC
Lombard International Life Assurance Company
LPL Financial LLC
M&T Securities Inc.
Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company
Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company
Members Life Insurance Company
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated
Metavante Corporation
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company
Mid Atlantic Clearing & Settlement Corporation
Midland Life Insurance Company
Minnesota Life Insurance Company
Mischler Financial Group
Mizuho Securities USA Inc.
MML Distributors, LLC
MML Investors Services, LLC
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc.
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC
MUFG Union Bank, National Association
Nassau Life Insurance Company
National Financial Services LLC
National Integrity Life Insurance Company
National Life Insurance Company
Nationwide Financial Services, Inc.
Nationwide Fund Distributors LLC
Nationwide Retirement Solutions
NCB Federal Savings Bank
New England Pension Plan Systems, LLC
New York Life Insurance and Annuity Corporation
Newport Retirement Services, Inc.
NEXT Financial Group, Inc.
Northbrook Bank & Trust Company
Northern Trust Company
Northwestern Mutual Investment Services, LLC
Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company
NYLife Distributors LLC
Oppenheimer & Co., Inc.
Orion Advisor Services, LLC
Osaic Wealth, Inc.
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Pacific Life & Annuity Company
Pacific Life Insurance Company
Pacific Select Distributors, LLC
Park Avenue Securities LLC
Penserra Securities LLC
Pershing LLC
PFPC Inc.
Piper Jaffray & Co.
PNC Bank, National Association
PNC Capital Markets LLC
PNC Investments LLC
Principal Bank
Principal Life Insurance Company
Protective Life and Annuity Insurance Company
Protective Life Insurance Company
Pruco Life Insurance Company
Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey
Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc.
Prudential Insurance Company of America
Raymond James & Associates, Inc.
Raymond James Financial Services, Inc.
RBC Capital Markets, LLC
Regions Bank
Reliance Trust Company
Reliastar Life Insurance Company
Reliastar Life Insurance Company of New York
RiverSource Distributors, Inc.
RiverSource Life Insurance Co. of New York
RiverSource Life Insurance Company
SagePoint Financial, Inc.
Sammons Retirement Solutions, Inc.
Sanctuary Wealth Group, LLC
Santander Bank, N.A.
Saturna Trust Company
Securities America, Inc.
Securities Finance Trust Company
Security Benefit Life Insurance Company
Security Financial Resources, Inc.
Security Life of Denver Insurance Company
SEI Private Trust Company
SG Americas Securities, LLC
Silicon Valley Bank
Sorrento Pacific Financial LLC
Standard Insurance Company
State Farm Life and Accident Assurance Company
State Farm Life Insurance Company
State Farm VP Management Corp.
State Street Bank and Trust Company
State Street Global Markets, LLC
Stern Brothers & Co.
Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated
Summit Brokerage Services, Inc.
SVB Asset Management
Symetra Life Insurance Company
Syntal Capital Partners, LLC
T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc.
Talcott Resolution Life and Annuity Insurance Company
Talcott Resolution Life Insurance Company
TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc.
TD Ameritrade, Inc.
TD Prime Services (US) LLC
Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America
Tigress Financial Partners, LLC
Transamerica Financial Life Insurance Company
Transamerica Life Insurance Company
Treasury Brokerage
Triad Advisors, LLC
Truist Bank
U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc.
U.S. Bank, National Association
UBATCO & Co.
UBS Financial Services, Inc.
UBS Securities LLC
Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC
UMB Bank, National Association
United States Life Insurance Company in the City of New York
VALIC Retirement Services Company
Vanguard Group, Inc.
Vanguard Marketing Corporation
Voya Financial Advisors, Inc.
Voya Financial Partners, LLC
Voya Institutional Plan Services, LLC
Voya Insurance and Annuity Company
Voya Investments Distributor, LLC
Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company
Waddell & Reed, Inc.
Wells Fargo Advisors, LLC
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Wells Fargo Advisors Financial Network, LLC
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
Wells Fargo Clearing Services, LLC
Wells Fargo Investments, LLC
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC
Wilmington Trust, National Association
Woodbury Financial Services, Inc.
ZB, National Association
 
E. Sponsorship and Other Incentive Payments and Services
In addition to the Additional Payments described above, BlackRock may contribute to various other incentive arrangements to promote the sale of shares, including hosting proprietary and financially sponsoring Service Organizations’ training and educational seminars, conferences, meetings or events. BlackRock may also pay for the travel, meal, lodging and other expenses of Service Organizations and their salespersons or other personnel in connection with educational and sales promotional programs. This compensation is not included in, and is made in addition to, the Additional Payments described above. These payments may be made directly to the Service Organizations or their affiliates, or to a third party vendor, and may vary depending upon the nature of the event or the relationship and are subject to applicable laws and regulations, including the rules of applicable self-regulatory organizations, such as FINRA. BlackRock may pay Service Organizations additional types of incentive compensation in the future to the extent not prohibited by applicable laws or regulations.
Separately, BlackRock has developed proprietary tools, calculators and related interactive or digital content that is made available through the www.BlackRock.com website at no additional cost to Service Organizations. BlackRock configures these tools and calculators and localizes the content for Service Organizations as part of its customary digital marketing support and promotion of the Funds or other BlackRock funds, iShares ETFs and other exchange-traded products.
F. Conflicts
Additional Payments made by BlackRock to a Service Organization or its affiliates or other incentive arrangements may be an important factor in the Service Organization’s willingness to support the sale of a Fund and/or particular share class through its distribution system or to perform services with respect to such Fund. Additional Payments and other incentive arrangements may also be important factors in the Service Organization’s willingness to recommend the BlackRock Fund complex in general.
BlackRock may be motivated to pay Additional Payments and other incentive compensation to promote the sale of Fund shares to customers of Service Organizations and the retention of those investments by such customers. To the extent Service Organizations sell more shares of a Fund or retain shares of a Fund in their customers’ accounts, BlackRock benefits from the incremental management and other fees paid by the Fund with respect to those assets.
Service Organizations may have financial incentives for recommending a particular Fund, share class or fund complex over another. Service Organizations may charge their customers additional fees in connection with the purchase or redemption of Fund shares or for account-related services which are in addition to the sales and other charges described in the Fund’s Prospectus and this SAI. Such charges may vary among Service Organizations but in all cases will be retained by the Service Organization and will not be remitted to a Fund or BlackRock.
Shareholders should consider whether such incentives exist when evaluating any recommendations from a Service Organization to purchase or sell shares of a Fund and when considering which share class is most appropriate. You should consult with your Service Organization, and review carefully any disclosure by the Service Organization, as to compensation received by it or its affiliates and for more information about the payments described above.
Redemption of Shares
Each Fund will normally redeem shares for cash upon receipt of a request in proper form, although each Fund retains the right to redeem some or all of its shares in-kind under unusual circumstances, in order to protect the interests of remaining shareholders, or to accommodate a request by a particular shareholder that does not adversely affect the interest of the remaining shareholders, by delivery of securities and other assets selected from the Fund’s portfolio holdings at its discretion. In-kind payment means payment will be made in portfolio securities and other assets rather than cash. If this occurs, the redeeming shareholder might incur brokerage or other transaction costs to convert the securities and other assets to cash. In an in-kind redemption, a pro rata portion of a Fund’s portfolio holdings will generally be distributed to the redeeming shareholder. Each Fund has elected to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under the Investment Company Act so that the Fund is obligated to redeem its shares solely
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in cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of its NAV during any 90-day period for any shareholder of the Fund. The redemption price is the NAV per share next determined after the initial receipt of proper notice of redemption.
The value of the shareholder’s investment at the time of redemption may be more or less than his or her cost, depending on the market value of the securities held by the Fund at such time and income earned. The redemption price will be reduced by any applicable CDSC.
If notice is received by the Fund’s transfer agent or certain financial intermediaries, as applicable, prior to the applicable cut-off time on that day, the redemption will be effective on such day. If the notice is received after the applicable cut-off time, the redemption will be effective on the next business day and, unless otherwise provided in the Fund’s Prospectus, payment will be made on the second business day after receipt of the notice.
Summit Cash Reserves — Redemption of Shares
Redemptions may be made in the manner and amounts described in Summit Cash Reserves’ Prospectuses. Signatures, when required, must conform exactly to the account registration. If (i) the proceeds of the redemption would exceed $250,000 for a redemption by wire or ACH, or $100,000 for a redemption by check, (ii) the Fund does not have verified banking information on file, (iii) the proceeds are not to be paid to the record owner at the record address, or (iv) the shareholder is a corporation, partnership, trust or fiduciary, signature(s) must be guaranteed by any eligible guarantor institution.
Generally, a properly signed written request with any required signature guarantee is all that is required for a redemption. In some cases, however, other documents may be necessary. Additional documentary evidence of authority is required by BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. in the event redemption is requested by a corporation, partnership, trust, fiduciary, executor or administrator. See “Signature Guarantee” below.
Note on Low Balance Accounts. Because of the high cost of maintaining smaller shareholder accounts, BlackRock has set a minimum balance of $500 in each Fund position you hold within your account (the “Fund Minimum”), and may redeem the shares in your account if the NAV of those shares in your account falls below $500 for any reason, including market fluctuation.
You will be notified that the value of your account is less than the Fund Minimum before the Fund makes any involuntary redemption. This notification will provide you with a 90 calendar day period to make an additional investment in order to bring the value of your account to at least $500 before the Fund makes an involuntary redemption. This involuntary redemption will not charge any deferred sales charge, and may not apply to accounts of certain employer-sponsored retirement plans (not including IRAs), qualified state tuition plan (529 Plan) accounts, and select fee-based programs at your financial intermediary.
Payment of Redemption Proceeds. The Fund may suspend the right of redemption or postpone the date of payment upon redemption for such periods as are permitted under the Investment Company Act, and may redeem shares involuntarily or make payment for redemption in securities or other property when determined appropriate in light of the Fund’s responsibilities under the Investment Company Act.
The Fund reserves the right, if conditions exist which make cash payments undesirable, to honor any request for redemption or repurchase of the Fund’s shares by making payment in whole or in part in securities chosen by the Fund and valued in the same way as they would be valued for purposes of computing the Fund’s NAV. If payment is made in securities, a shareholder may incur transaction costs in converting these securities into cash. The Fund has elected, however, to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under the Investment Company Act so that the Fund is obligated to redeem its shares solely in cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of its NAV during any 90-day period for any one shareholder of the Fund.
Under the Investment Company Act, the Fund may suspend the right to redemption or postpone the date of payment upon redemption for any period during which the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings), or during which trading on the NYSE is restricted, or during which (as determined by the SEC by rule or regulation) an emergency exists as a result of which disposal or valuation of portfolio securities is not reasonably practicable, or for such other periods as the SEC may permit. (The Fund may also suspend or postpone the recordation of the transfer of its shares upon the occurrence of any of the foregoing conditions.)
The Fund may redeem shares involuntarily to reimburse the Fund for any loss sustained by reason of the failure of a shareholder to make full payment for shares purchased by the shareholder or to collect any charge relating to a transaction effected for the benefit of a shareholder. The Fund reserves the express right to redeem shares of the Fund involuntarily at any time if the Board of Trustees determines, in its sole discretion, that failure to do so may
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have adverse consequences to the holders of shares in the Fund. Upon such redemption the holders of shares so redeemed shall have no further right with respect thereto other than to receive payment of the redemption price.
Signature Guarantee. A signature guarantee is designed to protect the shareholders and the Fund against fraudulent transactions by unauthorized persons. A signature guarantee may be obtained from a domestic bank or trust company, recognized broker, dealer, clearing agency, savings association who are participants in a medallion program by the Securities Transfer Association, credit unions, national securities exchanges and registered securities associations. The three recognized medallion programs are Securities Transfer Agent Medallion Program (STAMP), Stock Exchanges Medallion Program (SEMP) and New York Stock Exchange, Inc. Medallion Signature Program (MSP). Signature Guarantees which are not a part of these programs will not be accepted. Please note that a notary public stamp or seal is not acceptable.
WeLEAF— Redemption of Shares
Redemptions may be made in the manner and amounts described in WeLEAF’s Prospectuses. Signatures, when required, must conform exactly to the account registration. If (i) the proceeds of the redemption would exceed $250,000 for a redemption by wire or ACH, or $100,000 for a redemption by check, (ii) the Fund does not have verified banking information on file, (iii) the proceeds are not to be paid to the record owner at the record address, or (iv) the shareholder is a corporation, partnership, trust or fiduciary, signature(s) must be guaranteed by any eligible guarantor institution.
Generally, a properly signed written request with any required signature guarantee is all that is required for a redemption. In some cases, however, other documents may be necessary. Additional documentary evidence of authority is required by BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. in the event redemption is requested by a corporation, partnership, trust, fiduciary, executor or administrator. See “Signature Guarantee” below.
Note on Low Balance Accounts. Because of the high cost of maintaining smaller shareholder accounts, BlackRock has set a minimum balance of $500 in each Fund position you hold within your account (“Fund Minimum”), and may redeem the shares in your account if the NAV of those shares in your account falls below $500 for any reason, including market fluctuation.
You will be notified that the value of your account is less than the Fund Minimum before the Fund makes any involuntary redemption. This notification will provide you with a 90 calendar day period to make an additional investment in order to bring the value of your account to at least $500 before the Fund makes an involuntary redemption. This involuntary redemption will not charge any deferred sales charge, and may not apply to accounts of certain employer-sponsored retirement plans (not including IRAs), qualified state tuition plan (529 Plan) accounts, and select fee-based programs at your financial intermediary.
Service Shares
Redemption of Shares. WeLEAF may redeem Service Shares if the account balance drops below the required minimum initial investment as the result of redemption requests and the shareholder does not increase the balance to at least the required minimum initial investment upon thirty days’ written notice. If a customer has agreed with an institution to maintain a minimum balance in his or her account with the institution, and the balance in the account falls below that minimum, the customer may be obligated to redeem all or part of his or her shares in the Fund to the extent necessary to maintain the minimum balance required.
The following is applicable only to persons who were shareholders of an investment portfolio of Compass Capital Group of Funds at the time of the Trust’s combination with The PNC Fund in 1996:
Persons who were shareholders of an investment portfolio of Compass Capital Group of Funds at the time of the portfolio’s combination with The PNC Fund may also purchase and redeem Service Shares of the same Fund and for the same account in which they held shares on that date through the procedures described in this section.
Payment of Redemption Proceeds. The Fund may suspend the right of redemption or postpone the date of payment upon redemption for such periods as are permitted under the Investment Company Act, and may redeem shares involuntarily or make payment for redemption in securities or other property when determined appropriate in light of the Fund’s responsibilities under the Investment Company Act.
The Fund reserves the right, if conditions exist which make cash payments undesirable, to honor any request for redemption or repurchase of the Fund’s shares by making payment in whole or in part in securities chosen by the Fund and valued in the same way as they would be valued for purposes of computing the Fund’s NAV. If payment is
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made in securities, a shareholder may incur transaction costs in converting these securities into cash. The Fund has elected, however, to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under the Investment Company Act so that the Fund is obligated to redeem its shares solely in cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of its NAV during any 90-day period for any one shareholder of the Fund.
The Board of the Trust, or its delegate, will be permitted to impose a discretionary liquidity fee on redemptions from WeLEAF (up to 2%). Please see the Fund’s Prospectus for additional information about discretionary liquidity fees.
Under the Investment Company Act, the Fund may suspend the right to redemption or postpone the date of payment upon redemption for any period during which the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings), or during which trading on the NYSE is restricted, or during which (as determined by the SEC by rule or regulation) an emergency exists as a result of which disposal or valuation or portfolio securities is not reasonably practicable, or for such other periods as the SEC may permit. (The Fund may also suspend or postpone the recordation of the transfer of its shares upon the occurrence of any of the foregoing conditions.)
The Fund may redeem shares involuntarily to reimburse the Fund for any loss sustained by reason of the failure of a shareholder to make full payment for shares purchased by the shareholder or to collect any charge relating to a transaction effected for the benefit of a shareholder. The Fund reserves the express right to redeem shares of the Fund involuntarily at any time if the Board of Trustees determines, in its sole discretion, that failure to do so may have adverse consequences to the holders of shares in the Fund. Upon such redemption the holders of shares so redeemed shall have no further right with respect thereto other than to receive payment of the redemption price.
WeLEAF reserves the right to redeem shares in any account that it cannot confirm to its satisfaction is beneficially owned by a natural person, after providing at least 60 days’ advance notice.
Signature Guarantee. A signature guarantee is designed to protect the shareholders and the Fund against fraudulent transactions by unauthorized persons. A signature guarantee may be obtained from a domestic bank or trust company, recognized broker, dealer, clearing agency, savings association who are participants in a medallion program by the Securities Transfer Association, credit unions, national securities exchanges and registered securities associations. The three recognized medallion programs are Securities Transfer Agent Medallion Program (STAMP), Stock Exchanges Medallion Program (SEMP) and New York Stock Exchange, Inc. Medallion Signature Program (MSP). Signature Guarantees which are not a part of these programs will not be accepted. Please note that a notary public stamp or seal is not acceptable.
Circle Reserve — Redemption of Shares
Redemptions may be made in the manner and amounts described in Circle Reserve’s Prospectus. Signatures, when required, must conform exactly to the account registration. If (i) the proceeds of the redemption would exceed $250,000 for a redemption by wire, (ii) the Fund does not have verified banking information on file, (iii) the proceeds are not to be paid to the record owner at the record address, or (iv) the shareholder is a corporation, partnership, trust or fiduciary, signature(s) may need to be guaranteed by any eligible guarantor institution.
Generally, a properly signed written request with any required signature guarantee is all that is required for a redemption. In some cases, however, other documents may be necessary. Additional documentary evidence of authority is required by BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. in the event redemption is requested by a corporation, partnership, trust, fiduciary, executor or administrator. See “Signature Guarantee” below.
Note on Low Balance Accounts. Because of the high cost of maintaining smaller shareholder accounts, BlackRock has set a minimum balance of $100,000 in the Fund position you hold within your account (“Fund Minimum”), and may redeem the shares in your account if the NAV of those shares in your account falls below $100,000 for any reason, including market fluctuation.
You will be notified that the value of your account is less than the Fund Minimum before the Fund makes any involuntary redemption. This notification will provide you with a 90 calendar day period to make an additional investment in order to bring the value of your account to at least $100,000 before the Fund makes an involuntary redemption. This involuntary redemption will not charge any deferred sales charge, and may not apply to accounts of certain employer-sponsored retirement plans (not including IRAs), qualified state tuition plan (529 Plan) accounts, and select fee-based programs at your financial intermediary.
Payment of Redemption Proceeds. The Fund may suspend the right of redemption or postpone the date of payment upon redemption for such periods as are permitted under the Investment Company Act, and may redeem
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shares involuntarily or make payment for redemption in securities or other property when determined appropriate in light of the Fund’s responsibilities under the Investment Company Act.
The Fund reserves the right, if conditions exist which make cash payments undesirable, to honor any request for redemption or repurchase of the Fund’s shares by making payment in whole or in part in securities chosen by the Fund and valued in the same way as they would be valued for purposes of computing the Fund’s NAV. If payment is made in securities, a shareholder may incur transaction costs in converting these securities into cash. The Fund has elected, however, to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under the Investment Company Act so that the Fund is obligated to redeem its shares solely in cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of its NAV during any 90-day period for any one shareholder of the Fund.
Under the Investment Company Act, the Fund may suspend the right to redemption or postpone the date of payment upon redemption for any period during which the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings), or during which trading on the NYSE is restricted, or during which (as determined by the SEC by rule or regulation) an emergency exists as a result of which disposal or valuation or portfolio securities is not reasonably practicable, or for such other periods as the SEC may permit. (The Fund may also suspend or postpone the recordation of the transfer of its shares upon the occurrence of any of the foregoing conditions.)
The Fund may redeem shares involuntarily to reimburse the Fund for any loss sustained by reason of the failure of a shareholder to make full payment for shares purchased by the shareholder or to collect any charge relating to a transaction effected for the benefit of a shareholder. The Fund reserves the express right to redeem shares of the Fund involuntarily at any time if the Board of Trustees determines, in its sole discretion, that failure to do so may have adverse consequences to the holders of shares in the Fund. Upon such redemption the holders of shares so redeemed shall have no further right with respect thereto other than to receive payment of the redemption price.
Signature Guarantee. A signature guarantee is designed to protect the shareholders and the Fund against fraudulent transactions by unauthorized persons. A signature guarantee may be obtained from a domestic bank or trust company, recognized broker, dealer, clearing agency, savings association who are participants in a medallion program by the Securities Transfer Association, credit unions, national securities exchanges and registered securities associations. The three recognized medallion programs are Securities Transfer Agent Medallion Program (STAMP), Stock Exchanges Medallion Program (SEMP) and New York Stock Exchange, Inc. Medallion Signature Program (MSP). Signature Guarantees which are not a part of these programs will not be accepted. Please note that a notary public stamp or seal is not acceptable.
Determination of Net Asset Value
Each Fund seeks to maintain a NAV of $1.00 per share for purposes of purchase and redemptions and values its portfolio securities on the basis of the amortized cost method of valuation.
Under this method portfolio securities are valued at cost when purchased and thereafter, a constant proportionate accretion of any discount or amortization of premium is recorded until the maturity of the security. The effect of changes in the market value of a security as a result of fluctuating interest rates is not taken into account.
As indicated, the amortized cost method of valuation may result in the value of a security being higher or lower than its market price, the price a Fund would receive if the security were sold prior to maturity. Each Fund’s Board has established procedures for the purpose of maintaining a constant NAV of $1.00 per share for each Fund; however, there can be no assurance that a constant NAV will be maintained for any Fund. Such procedures include a review of the extent of any deviation of NAV per share, based on available market quotations, from the $1.00 amortized cost per share.
Should that deviation exceed ½ of 1% for a Fund, the Fund’s Board will promptly consider whether any action should be initiated to eliminate or reduce material dilution or other adverse impact to shareholders. Such action may include redeeming shares in kind, selling portfolio securities prior to maturity, reducing or withholding dividends, shortening the average portfolio maturity, and utilizing a NAV per share as determined by using available market quotations.
Each Fund will maintain a dollar-weighted average portfolio maturity of 60 days or less, a dollar-weighted average life of 120 days or less, will not purchase any instrument with a deemed maturity under Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act greater than 397 days, and will limit portfolio investments, including repurchase agreements, to those instruments that the adviser or sub-adviser determines to be “eligible securities” under Rule 2a-7 pursuant to guidelines adopted by a Fund’s Board.
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Yield Information
Each Fund computes its annualized yield in accordance with regulations adopted by the Commission by determining the net changes in value, exclusive of capital changes and income other than investment income, for a seven-day base period for a hypothetical pre-existing account having a balance of one share at the beginning of the base period, subtracting a hypothetical shareholder account charge, and dividing the difference by the value of the account at the beginning of the base period to obtain the base period return, and then multiplying the result by 365 and then dividing by seven. This yield calculation does not take into consideration any realized or unrealized gains or losses on portfolio securities. The Commission also permits the calculation of a standardized effective or compounded yield. This is computed by compounding the unannualized base period return, which is done by adding one to the base period return, raising the sum to a power equal to 365 divided by seven, and subtracting one from the result. This compounded yield calculation also excludes realized and unrealized gains or losses on portfolio securities.
The yield on each Fund’s shares normally will fluctuate on a daily basis. Therefore, the yield for any given past period is not an indication or representation by a Fund of future yields or rates of return on its shares. The yield is affected by such factors as changes in interest rates on a Fund’s portfolio securities, average portfolio maturity, the types and quality of portfolio securities held and operating expenses. The yield on Fund shares for various reasons may not be comparable to the yield on bank deposits, shares of other money market funds or other investments.
See “Yield Information” in Part I of each Fund’s SAI for recent seven-day yield information relating to your Fund.
On occasion, each Fund may compare its yield to (1) an industry average compiled by Donoghue’s Money Fund Report, a widely recognized independent publication that monitors the performance of money market mutual funds, (2) the average yield reported by the Bank Rate Monitor National IndexTM for money market deposit accounts offered by the 100 leading banks and thrift institutions in the ten largest standard metropolitan statistical areas, (3) yield data published by industry publications, including Lipper Inc., Morningstar, Inc., Money Magazine, U.S. News & World Report, BusinessWeek, CDA Investment Technology, Inc., Forbes Magazine and Fortune Magazine, or (4) the yield on an investment in 90-day Treasury bills on a rolling basis, assuming quarterly compounding. As with yield quotations, yield comparisons should not be considered indicative of a Fund’s yield or relative performance for any future period.
A Fund may provide information designed to help investors understand how the Fund is seeking to achieve its investment objective. This may include information about past, current or possible economic, market, political, or other conditions, descriptive information on general principles of investing such as asset allocation, diversification and risk tolerance; a discussion of a Fund’s portfolio composition, investment philosophy, strategy or investment techniques; comparisons of a Fund’s performance or portfolio composition to that of other funds or types of investments, to indices relevant to the comparison being made, or to a hypothetical or model portfolio. Each Fund may also quote various measures of volatility and benchmark correlation in advertising and other materials, and may compare these measures to those of other funds or types of investments.
Portfolio Transactions
Subject to policies established by the Board of each Fund, the Manager is primarily responsible for the execution of a Fund’s portfolio transactions. The Manager does not execute transactions through any particular broker or dealer, but seeks to obtain the best net results for the Fund, taking into account such factors as price (including the applicable dealer spread), size of order, difficulty of execution, operational facilities of the firm and the firm’s risk and skill in positioning blocks of securities. While the Manager generally seeks reasonable trade execution costs, a Fund does not necessarily pay the lowest spread or commission available. Each Fund’s policy of investing in securities with short maturities will result in high portfolio turnover.
Subject to obtaining the best net results, dealers who provide supplemental investment research (such as economic data and market forecasts) to the Manager may receive orders for transactions of the Fund. Information received will be in addition to and not in lieu of the services required to be performed by the Manager under each Management Agreement and the expenses of the Manager will not necessarily be reduced as a result of the receipt of such supplemental information.
The portfolio securities in which each Fund invests are traded primarily in the OTC market. Bonds and debentures usually are traded OTC, but may be traded on an exchange. Where possible, a Fund will deal directly with the dealers who make a market in the securities involved except in those circumstances where better prices and execution are available elsewhere. Such dealers usually are acting as principals for their own accounts. On occasion, securities may be purchased directly from the issuer. Money market securities are generally traded on a net basis and do not normally involve either brokerage commissions or transfer taxes. The cost of executing portfolio securities
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transactions of a Fund primarily will consist of dealer spreads. Under the Investment Company Act, persons affiliated with a Fund and persons who are affiliated with such affiliated persons are prohibited from dealing with the Fund as principals in the purchase and sale of securities unless an exemptive order allowing such transactions is obtained from the Commission. Since transactions in the OTC market usually involve transactions with the dealers acting as principals for their own accounts, the Funds will not deal with affiliated persons in connection with such transactions, except pursuant to an applicable exemptive order or as otherwise permitted by applicable law. However, an affiliated person of a Fund may serve as its broker in OTC transactions conducted on an agency basis.
The Manager does not consider sales of shares of the mutual funds it advises as a factor in the selection of brokers or dealers to execute portfolio transactions for a Fund; however, whether or not a particular broker or dealer sells shares of the mutual funds advised by the Manager neither qualifies nor disqualifies such broker or dealer to execute transactions for those mutual funds.
OTC issues, including most fixed income securities such as corporate debt and U.S. Government securities, are normally traded on a “net” basis without a stated commission, through dealers acting for their own account and not as brokers. The Funds will primarily engage in transactions with these dealers or deal directly with the issuer unless a better price or execution could be obtained by using a broker. Prices paid to a dealer with respect to both non-U.S. and domestic securities will generally include a “spread,” which is the difference between the prices at which the dealer is willing to purchase and sell the specific security at the time, and includes the dealer’s normal profit.
Purchases of money market instruments by a Fund are made from dealers, underwriters and issuers. The Funds do not currently expect to incur any brokerage commission expense on such transactions because money market instruments are generally traded on a “net” basis with dealers acting as principal for their own accounts without a stated commission. The price of the security, however, usually includes a profit to the dealer. Each money market Fund (each a “Money Market Fund”) intends to purchase only securities with remaining maturities of 397 days or less as determined in accordance with the rules of the Commission. As a result, the portfolio turnover rates of a Money Market Fund will be relatively high. However, because brokerage commissions will not normally be paid with respect to investments made by a Money Market Fund, the turnover rates should not adversely affect the Fund’s NAVs or net income.
Securities purchased in underwritten offerings include a fixed amount of compensation to the underwriter, generally referred to as the underwriter’s concession or discount. When securities are purchased or sold directly from or to an issuer, no commissions or discounts are paid.
The Manager or sub-advisers may seek to obtain an undertaking from issuers of commercial paper or dealers selling commercial paper to consider the repurchase of such securities from a Fund prior to maturity at their original cost plus interest (sometimes adjusted to reflect the actual maturity of the securities), if it believes that a Fund’s anticipated need for liquidity makes such action desirable. Any such repurchase prior to maturity reduces the possibility that a Fund would incur a capital loss in liquidating commercial paper, especially if interest rates have risen since acquisition of such commercial paper.
Investment decisions for each Fund and for other investment accounts managed by the Manager or sub-advisers are made independently of each other in light of differing conditions. BlackRock allocates investments among client accounts in a fair and equitable manner. A variety of factors will be considered in making such allocations. These factors include: (i) investment objectives or strategies for particular accounts, including sector, industry, country or region and capitalization weightings, (ii) tax considerations of an account, (iii) risk or investment concentration parameters for an account, (iv) supply or demand for a security at a given price level, (v) size of available investment, (vi) cash availability and liquidity requirements for accounts, (vii) regulatory restrictions, (viii) minimum investment size of an account, (ix) relative size of account, and (x) such other factors as may be approved by BlackRock’s general counsel. Moreover, investments may not be allocated to one client account over another based on any of the following considerations: (i) to favor one client account at the expense of another, (ii) to generate higher fees paid by one client account over another or to produce greater performance compensation to BlackRock, (iii) to develop or enhance a relationship with a client or prospective client, (iv) to compensate a client for past services or benefits rendered to BlackRock or to induce future services or benefits to be rendered to BlackRock, or (v) to manage or equalize investment performance among different client accounts.
Because of different objectives or other factors, a particular security may be bought for one or more funds or clients advised by BlackRock or its affiliates (collectively, “clients”) when one or more clients of BlackRock or its affiliates are selling the same security. If purchases or sales of securities arise for consideration at or about the same time that would involve a Fund or other clients or funds for which BlackRock or an affiliate acts as investment manager, transactions in such securities will be made, insofar as feasible, for the respective funds and clients in a
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manner deemed equitable to all. To the extent that transactions on behalf of more than one client of BlackRock or its affiliates during the same period may increase the demand for securities being purchased or the supply of securities being sold, there may be an adverse effect on price.
See “Portfolio Transactions” or “Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage,” as applicable, in Part I of each Fund’s SAI for information relating to portfolio transactions engaged in by your Fund for its three most recently completed fiscal years or other relevant periods.
The Board of each Fund has considered the possibility of seeking to recapture for the benefit of the Fund expenses of possible portfolio transactions, such as dealer spreads and underwriting commissions, by conducting portfolio transactions through affiliated entities. After considering all factors deemed relevant, the Board of each Fund made a determination not to seek such recapture. The Board of each Fund will reconsider this matter from time to time.
Each Fund has received an exemptive order from the Commission permitting it to lend portfolio securities to its affiliates. Pursuant to that order, each Fund may retain an affiliated entity of the Manager (the “lending agent”) as the securities lending agent for a fee, including a fee based on a share of the returns on investment of cash collateral. The lending agent may, on behalf of a Fund, invest cash collateral received by the Fund for such loans, among other things, in a private investment company managed by the lending agent or in registered money market funds advised by the Manager or its affiliates. See “Portfolio Transactions” or “Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage,” as applicable, in Part I of each Fund’s SAI for the securities lending agent fees, if any, paid by your Fund to the lending agent for the periods indicated.
Because of different objectives or other factors, a particular security may be bought for one or more funds or clients advised by the Manager or its affiliates (collectively, “clients”) when one or more clients of the Manager or its affiliates are selling the same security. If purchases or sales of securities arise for consideration at or about the same time that would involve a Fund or other clients or funds for which the Manager or an affiliate acts as investment manager, transactions in such securities will be made, insofar as feasible, for the respective funds and clients in a manner deemed equitable to all. To the extent that transactions on behalf of more than one client of the Manager or its affiliates during the same period may increase the demand for securities being purchased or the supply of securities being sold, there may be an adverse effect on price.
Dividends and Taxes
Dividends
Each Fund declares dividends daily. Except as otherwise provided in a Fund’s Prospectus, dividends of each Fund are reinvested monthly in additional shares of that Fund at NAV. Except as otherwise provided in a Fund’s Prospectus, shares purchased will begin accruing dividends on the day following the date of purchase. Until they are paid, dividends that are declared will remain in the gross assets of each Fund and will therefore continue to earn income for the Fund’s shareholders. Shareholders will receive monthly statements as to such reinvestments.
Net income (from the time of the immediately preceding determination thereof) consists of (i) interest accrued and/or discount earned (including both original issue and market discount), (ii) less amortization of premiums and the estimated expenses of a Fund applicable to that dividend period. Net realized capital gains (including net short-term capital gain), if any, will be distributed by the Funds at least annually.
Taxes
Each Fund intends to elect and to qualify or to continue to qualify, as appropriate, for the special tax treatment afforded regulated investment companies under the Code. As long as a Fund so qualifies, the Fund (but not its shareholders) will not be subject to Federal income tax on the part of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain that is distributed to shareholders. Each Fund intends to distribute substantially all of such income and gains. If, in any taxable year, a Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code, notwithstanding the availability of certain relief provisions, such Fund would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation and all distributions from earnings and profits (as determined under Federal income tax principles) to its shareholders would be taxable as ordinary dividend income eligible for taxation at a reduced tax rate for non-corporate shareholders and the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders.
Each Fund that is a series of a regulated investment company that consists of multiple series is treated as a separate corporation for Federal income tax purposes, and, therefore, is considered to be a separate entity in determining its treatment under the rules for regulated investment companies. Losses in one series of a regulated
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investment company do not offset gains in another, and the requirements (other than certain organizational requirements) for qualifying for regulated investment company status will be determined at the level of the individual series. In the following discussion, the term “Fund” means each individual series, if applicable.
The Code requires a regulated investment company to pay a nondeductible 4% excise tax to the extent the regulated investment company does not distribute, during each calendar year, at least 98% of its ordinary income, determined on a calendar year basis, and at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income, determined, in general, as if the regulated investment company’s taxable year ended on October 31, plus certain undistributed amounts from the preceding year. While each Fund intends to distribute its income and capital gains in the manner necessary to minimize imposition of the 4% excise tax, there can be no assurance that sufficient amounts of a Fund’s taxable income and capital gains will be distributed to avoid entirely the imposition of the tax. In such event, a Fund will be liable for the tax only on the amount by which it does not meet the foregoing distribution requirements. The required distributions are based only on the taxable income of a regulated investment company.
General Treatment of Fund Shareholders. Dividends paid by a Fund from its ordinary income or from an excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss (together referred to hereafter as “ordinary income dividends”) are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Distributions made from an excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss (“capital gain dividends”) are taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain, regardless of the length of time the shareholder has owned Fund shares. Distributions paid by a Fund that are reported as exempt-interest dividends will not be subject to regular Federal income tax. Certain dividend income and long-term capital gains are eligible for taxation at a reduced rate that applies to non-corporate shareholders. Under these rules, the portion of ordinary income dividends constituting “qualified dividend income” when paid by a regulated investment company to non-corporate shareholders may be taxable to such shareholders at long-term capital gain rates. However, to the extent a Fund’s distributions are derived from income on debt securities and short-term capital gains, such distributions will not constitute “qualified dividend income.” Thus, ordinary income dividends paid by the Funds generally will not be eligible for taxation at the reduced rate.
Any loss upon the sale or exchange of Fund shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends received with respect to the shares. Distributions in excess of a Fund’s earnings and profits will first reduce the shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in his shares and any amount in excess of such basis will constitute capital gains to such shareholder (assuming the shares are held as a capital asset). Long-term capital gains (i.e., gains from a sale or exchange of capital assets held for more than one year) are generally taxed at preferential rates to non-corporate taxpayers. Each Fund will furnish its shareholders with a written statement reporting the amounts of its dividends paid during the year that qualify as capital gain dividends or exempt-interest dividends, as applicable, as well as the portion of an exempt-interest dividend that constitutes an item of tax preference, as discussed below.
Ordinary income and capital gain dividends are taxable to shareholders even if they are reinvested in additional shares of a Fund. Distributions by a Fund, whether from ordinary income or capital gains, generally will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations under the Code. If a Fund pays a dividend in January that was declared in the previous October, November or December to shareholders of record on a specified date in one of such months, then such dividend will be treated for tax purposes as being paid by the Fund and received by its shareholders on December 31 of the year in which such dividend was declared.
A shareholder in a money market fund (whether or not it has a floating NAV) may elect to adopt a simplified, aggregate accounting method under which gains and losses can be netted based on the shareholder’s taxable year rather than reported separately.
If any Fund (other than a Fund that is a government money market fund) imposes a discretionary liquidity fee on share redemptions, the amount that would ordinarily be payable to a redeeming shareholder of the Fund will be reduced, consequently reducing the amount of gain, or increasing the amount of loss, that would otherwise be reportable for income tax purposes. The discretionary liquidity fee cannot be separately claimed as a deduction.
Any such discretionary liquidity fee will constitute an asset of the imposing Fund and will serve to benefit non‑redeeming shareholders. If such fees were distributed to non‑redeeming shareholders, the tax treatment would be similar to the tax treatment of distributions described in this section. Such fees may raise the Fund’s NAV, increasing the taxable income or reducing the deductible losses of shareholders that redeem their shares at a later time when such fees are not being charged. If a Fund receives discretionary liquidity fees, it will consider the appropriate tax treatment of such fees to the Fund at such time. However, due to a lack of guidance, the tax consequences of liquidity fees to the Fund and the shareholders is unclear and may differ from that described in this section.
Should a negative interest rate scenario ever occur that causes a government or retail money market fund to have a negative gross yield, the fund may account for the negative gross yield by either using a floating NAV or a reverse distribution mechanism that seeks to maintain a stable NAV of the fund by cancelling shareholders’ shares in
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the amount of the negative gross yield. Under a reverse distribution mechanism, shareholders in a fund would observe a stable share price but a declining number of shares for their investment. After a cancellation of shares, the basis of eliminated shares would be added to the basis of shareholders’ remaining fund shares, and any shareholders disposing of shares at that time may recognize a capital loss. Dividends, including dividends reinvested in additional shares of a fund, will nonetheless be fully taxable, even if the number of shares in shareholders’ accounts has been reduced as described above. However, due to a lack of guidance regarding the cancellation of shares, the tax consequences of such cancellation of shares to the Fund and the shareholders is unclear and may differ from that described in this section.
Under certain provisions of the Code, some shareholders may be subject to a 24% withholding tax on ordinary income dividends and capital gain dividends (“backup withholding”). Generally, shareholders subject to backup withholding will be non-corporate shareholders for whom no certified taxpayer identification number is on file with a Fund or who, to a Fund’s knowledge, have furnished an incorrect number. When establishing an account, an investor must certify under penalty of perjury that such number is correct and that the investor is not otherwise subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amount withheld generally may be allowed as a refund or a credit against a shareholder’s Federal income tax liability provided that the required information is timely provided to the IRS.
If a shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to a Fund’s shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder in any single taxable year (or a greater amount in a combination of taxable years), the shareholder must file a disclosure statement on Form 8886 with the IRS. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases exempted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not exempted. That a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
A 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on the net investment income (which includes, but is not limited to, interest, dividends and net gains from investments) of U.S. individuals with income exceeding $200,000, or $250,000 if married filing jointly, and of trusts and estates. However, this tax will not apply to certain amounts that are already excludable from gross income, such as interest on tax-exempt bonds.
No gain or loss will be recognized by Investor C shareholders on the conversion to Investor A Shares. A shareholder’s tax basis in the Investor A Shares acquired upon conversion will be the same as the shareholder’s tax basis in the converted Investor C Shares and the holding period of the acquired Investor A Shares will include the holding period for the converted Investor C Shares.
Interest received by a Fund may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes.
Ordinary income dividends paid to shareholders that are nonresident aliens or foreign entities generally will be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax under existing provisions of the Code applicable to foreign individuals and entities unless a reduced rate of withholding is provided under applicable treaty law. Nonresident shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors concerning applicability of the United States withholding tax. Dividends derived by a regulated investment company from short-term capital gains and qualified net interest income (including income from original issue discount and market discount) and paid to stockholders that are nonresident aliens and foreign entities, if and to the extent properly reported as “interest-related dividends” or “short-term capital gain dividends,” generally will not be subject to U.S. withholding tax. Where possible, each Fund intends to report such dividends as interest-related dividends or short-term capital gain dividends. However, depending on its circumstances, a Fund may report all, some or none of its potentially eligible dividends as interest-related dividends or as short-term capital gain dividends, and/or treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding. In order to qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S. shareholder must comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or substitute form). In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the Fund reports the payment as an interest-related dividend or short term capital gain dividend. Non-U.S. shareholders should contact their intermediaries with respect to the application of these rules to their accounts. It is not possible to predict what portion, if any, of a Fund’s distributions will be designated as consisting of qualified short term gain or qualified net interest income exempt from withholding in the hands of nonresident and foreign shareholders.
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Separately, a 30% withholding tax is currently imposed on U.S. source dividends, interest and other income items paid to (i) certain foreign financial institutions and investment funds, and (ii) certain other foreign entities. To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions and investment funds will generally either need to (a) collect and report to the IRS detailed information identifying their U.S. accounts and U.S. account holders, comply with due diligence procedures for identifying U.S. accounts and withhold tax on certain payments made to noncomplying foreign entities and account holders or (b) if an intergovernmental agreement is entered into and implementing legislation is adopted, comply with the agreement and legislation. Other foreign entities will generally either need to provide detailed information identifying each substantial U.S. owner or certify there are no such owners.
Ordinary income and capital gain dividends paid by the Funds may also be subject to state and local taxes. However, certain states exempt from state income taxation dividends paid by regulated investment companies that are derived from interest on United States Treasury obligations. State law varies as to whether dividend income attributable to United States Treasury obligations is exempt from state income tax.
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures
The Board of Trustees of the Funds has delegated the voting of proxies for the Funds’ securities to the Manager pursuant to the Open-End Active and Fixed Income Index Fund Proxy Voting Policy (the “Active Fund Proxy Voting Policy”).
With respect to the Funds, the Manager has adopted the BlackRock Active Investment Stewardship — Global Engagement and Voting Guidelines (the “BAIS Guidelines”).
If a Fund invests in an underlying fund managed by BlackRock, the Fund will use its proxy voting policy when voting on proxies for the underlying fund while the underlying fund will use its proxy voting policy when voting proxies on investments the underlying fund holds. Therefore, the Fund may use the Active Fund Proxy Voting Policy while an underlying fund may use the Index Equity Fund Proxy Voting Policy, and the opposite is also true.
Copies of the Active Fund Proxy Voting Policy and the BAIS Guidelines are attached as Appendix B to this SAI. Only those guidelines that are applicable to a particular Fund pursuant to the Active Fund Proxy Voting Policy are considered to form a part of the Fund’s SAI.
Information on how each Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available without charge, (i) at www.blackrock.com/proxyrecords and (ii) on the Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
General Information
Description of Shares
Shareholders of a Fund are entitled to one vote for each full share held and fractional votes for fractional shares held in the election of Trustees and generally on other matters submitted to the vote of shareholders of the Fund. Shareholders of a class that bears distribution and/or service expenses have exclusive voting rights with respect to matters relating to such distribution and service expenditures. Voting rights are not cumulative, so that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting in the election of Trustees can, if they choose to do so, elect all the Trustees of a Fund, in which event the holders of the remaining shares would be unable to elect any person as a Trustee.
No Fund intends to hold annual meetings of shareholders in any year in which the Investment Company Act does not require shareholders to act upon any of the following matters: (i) election of Trustees; (ii) approval of a management agreement; (iii) approval of a distribution agreement; and (iv) ratification of selection of independent accountants. Shares issued are fully paid and non-assessable and have no preemptive rights. Redemption and conversion rights are discussed elsewhere herein and in each Fund’s Prospectus. Each share of each class of Common Stock is entitled to participate equally in dividends and distributions declared by a Fund and in the net assets of the Fund upon liquidation or dissolution after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities.
For Funds organized as Maryland corporations, the by-laws of the Fund require that a special meeting of shareholders be held upon the written request of a minimum percentage of the outstanding shares of the Fund entitled to vote at such meeting, if they comply with applicable Maryland law.
Certain of the Funds are organized as “Massachusetts business trusts.” Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of such a trust may, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for its obligations. However, the Declaration of Trust establishing a trust, a copy of which for each applicable Fund, together with all amendments thereto (the “Declaration of Trust”), is on file in the office of the Secretary of the
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Commonwealth of Massachusetts, contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the trust and provides for indemnification and reimbursement of expenses out of the trust property for any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the trust. The Declaration of Trust also provides that a trust may maintain appropriate insurance (for example, fidelity bond and errors and omissions insurance) for the protection of the trust, its shareholders, trustees, officers, employees and agents covering possible tort and other liabilities. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which both inadequate insurance existed and the trust itself was unable to meet its obligations.
Certain Funds are organized as Delaware statutory trusts.
Additional Information
Under a separate agreement, BlackRock has granted certain Funds the right to use the “BlackRock” name and has reserved the right to (i) withdraw its consent to the use of such name by a Fund if the Fund ceases to retain BlackRock Advisors, LLC or BlackRock Fund Advisors, as applicable, as investment adviser and (ii) to grant the use of such name to any other company.
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APPENDIX A
Description of Bond Ratings
A rating is generally assigned to a fixed-income security at the time of issuance by a credit rating agency designated as a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”) by the SEC. While NRSROs may from time to time revise such ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so, and the ratings given to securities at issuance do not necessarily represent ratings which would be given to these securities on a particular subsequent date.
NRSROs may rate specific investments (e.g., bonds), issuers (e.g., corporations, governments and financial institutions) and/or programs (e.g., commercial paper programs). However, certain types of investments may not be rated by NRSROs, such as certain government/sovereign obligations, US agency securities, commercial paper, time deposits at financial institutions, and derivative instruments such as credit default swaps. For these types of investments, as well as US Treasury securities (some of which are not rated), where a NRSRO has not rated the specific investment but has rated the investment’s issuer, program, financial institution or underlying reference asset, BlackRock Advisors, LLC, BlackRock Fund Advisors or their respective affiliates (“BlackRock”) may consider the investment to have the same NRSRO rating as its issuer, program, financial institution or underlying reference asset, as applicable. In the case of municipal securities, where one NRSRO provides multiple ratings for the same security (e.g., “underlying,” “insured” and/or “enhanced” ratings), BlackRock may consider the security to have the highest of the multiple ratings.
New issue securities (regardless of type) may not be rated by a NRSRO at the time of their initial offering. Preliminary prospectuses or term sheets for new issue securities may include an expected rating for the security (as determined by the underwriter and/or issuer) or a NRSRO rating for the issuer of the security. If applicable, when deciding whether to purchase a new issue security that has not yet been rated by a NRSRO, BlackRock may attribute an expected rating to the security based on: (i) the expected rating of the security set forth in the preliminary prospectus or term sheet for the security; (ii) the NRSRO’s rating for the issuer of the security set forth in the preliminary prospectus or term sheet for the security; or (iii) with respect to asset-backed securities, the rating of a prior issuance having a similar structure or the same sponsor.
Where the investment objective of a fund is to track the performance of an index that includes credit ratings eligibility criteria as part of its index methodology, the fund may purchase any security within the index, such security having been determined by the index provider as meeting its credit ratings eligibility criteria. The credit ratings practices of an index provider may differ from BlackRock’s practices, as described above. Further, the fund may invest, directly or indirectly, in securities that are not rated by a rating agency or securities with a credit rating that differs from the credit rating specified in its index methodology in various circumstances, including where a security is downgraded but not yet removed from an index, following the removal of a security from an index prior to its sale by the fund or as a result of a corporate action or restructuring affecting an issuer of a security held by the fund.
Fixed-income securities which are unrated may expose the investor to risks with respect to capacity to pay interest or repay principal which are similar to the risks of lower-rated speculative bonds. Evaluation of these securities is dependent on BlackRock’s judgment, analysis and experience in the evaluation of such securities.
Investors should note that the assignment of a rating to a security by an NRSRO may not reflect the effect of recent developments on the issuer’s ability to make interest and principal payments or on the likelihood of default.
Securities deemed to be high yield are rated below Baa3 by Moody’s and below BBB- by S&P Global Ratings and Fitch.
The descriptions below relate to general long-term and short-term obligations of an issuer.
A Description of Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.’s (“Moody’s”) Global Rating Scales
Ratings assigned on Moody’s global long-term and short-term rating scales are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Moody’s defines credit risk as the risk that an entity may not meet its contractual financial obligations as they come due and any estimated financial loss in the event of default or impairment. The contractual financial obligations addressed by Moody’s ratings are those that call for, without regard to enforceability, the payment of an ascertainable amount, which may vary based upon standard sources of variation (e.g., floating interest rates), by an ascertainable date. Moody’s rating addresses the issuer’s ability to obtain cash sufficient to service the obligation, and its willingness to pay. Moody’s ratings do not address non-standard sources of variation in the amount of the principal obligation (e.g., equity indexed), absent an express
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statement to the contrary in a press release accompanying an initial rating. Long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or obligations with an original maturity of one year or more and reflect both on the likelihood of a default or impairment on contractual financial obligations and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default or impairment. Short-term ratings are assigned for obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect both on the likelihood of a default or impairment on contractual financial obligations and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default or impairment. Moody’s issues ratings at the issuer level and instrument level on both the long-term scale and the short-term scale. Typically, ratings are made publicly available although private and unpublished ratings may also be assigned.
Moody’s differentiates structured finance ratings from fundamental ratings (i.e., ratings on nonfinancial corporate, financial institution, and public sector entities) on the global long-term scale by adding (sf) to all structured finance ratings. The addition of (sf) to structured finance ratings should eliminate any presumption that such ratings and fundamental ratings at the same letter grade level will behave the same. The (sf) indicator for structured finance security ratings indicates that otherwise similarly rated structured finance and fundamental securities may have different risk characteristics. Through its current methodologies, however, Moody’s aspires to achieve broad expected equivalence in structured finance and fundamental rating performance when measured over a long period of time.
Description of Moody’s Global Long-Term Rating Scale 
Aaa
Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit
risk.
Aa
Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
A
Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa
Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as
such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba
Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B
Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa
Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high
credit risk.
Ca
Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some
prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C
Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery
of principal or interest.
Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category. Additionally, a “(hyb)” indicator is appended to all ratings of hybrid securities issued by banks, insurers, finance companies, and securities firms.
By their terms, hybrid securities allow for the omission of scheduled dividends, interest, or principal payments, which can potentially result in impairment if such an omission occurs. Hybrid securities may also be subject to contractually allowable write-downs of principal that could result in impairment. Together with the hybrid indicator, the long-term obligation rating assigned to a hybrid security is an expression of the relative credit risk associated with that security.
Description of Moody’s Global Short-Term Rating Scale 
P-1
Ratings of Prime-1 reflect a superior ability to repay short-term obligations.
P-2
Ratings of Prime-2 reflect a strong ability to repay short-term obligations.
P-3
Ratings of Prime-3 reflect an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NP
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating
categories.
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Description of Moody’s U.S. Municipal Short-Term Debt and Demand Obligation Ratings
Description of Moody’s Short-Term Obligation Ratings
Moody’s uses the global short-term Prime rating scale for commercial paper issued by U.S. municipalities and nonprofits. These commercial paper programs may be backed by external letters of credit or liquidity facilities, or by an issuer’s self-liquidity.
For other short-term municipal obligations, Moody’s uses one of two other short-term rating scales, the Municipal Investment Grade (“MIG”) and Variable Municipal Investment Grade (“VMIG”) scales discussed below.
Moody’s uses the MIG scale for U.S. municipal cash flow notes, bond anticipation notes and certain other short-term obligations, which typically mature in three years or less. Under certain circumstances, Moody’s uses the MIG scale for bond anticipation notes with maturities of up to five years.
MIG Scale 
MIG 1
This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established
cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for
refinancing.
MIG 2
This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as
large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3
This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be
narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG
This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may
lack sufficient margins of protection.
Description of Moody’s Demand Obligation Ratings
In the case of variable rate demand obligations (“VRDOs”), a two-component rating is assigned. The components are a long-term rating and a short-term demand obligation rating. The long-term rating addresses the issuer’s ability to meet scheduled principal and interest payments. The short-term demand obligation rating addresses the ability of the issuer or the liquidity provider to make payments associated with the purchase-price-upon-demand feature (“demand feature”) of the VRDO. The short-term demand obligation rating uses the VMIG scale. VMIG ratings with liquidity support use as an input the short-term Counterparty Risk Assessment of the support provider, or the long-term rating of the underlying obligor in the absence of third party liquidity support. Transitions of VMIG ratings of demand obligations with conditional liquidity support differ from transitions on the Prime scale to reflect the risk that external liquidity support will terminate if the issuer’s long-term rating drops below investment grade.
Moody’s typically assigns the VMIG short-term demand obligation rating if the frequency of the demand feature is less than every three years. If the frequency of the demand feature is less than three years but the purchase price is payable only with remarketing proceeds, the short-term demand obligation rating is “NR”.
VMIG Scale 
VMIG 1
This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior
short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure
the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 2
This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term
credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely
payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 3
This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the
satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections
that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
SG
This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category
may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have a sufficiently strong short-term rating or
may lack the structural or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase
price upon demand.
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Description of S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”), a Division of S&P Global Inc., Issue Credit Ratings
An S&P issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects S&P’s view of the obligor’s capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and this opinion may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.
Issue credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term. Short-term issue credit ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market, typically with an original maturity of no more than 365 days. Short-term issue credit ratings are also used to indicate the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put features on long-term obligations. S&P would typically assign a long-term issue credit rating to an obligation with an original maturity of greater than 365 days. However, the ratings S&P assigns to certain instruments may diverge from these guidelines based on market practices. Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.
Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on S&P’s analysis of the following considerations:
●
The likelihood of payment—the capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitments on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation;
●
The nature and provisions of the financial obligation, and the promise S&P imputes; and
●
The protection afforded by, and relative position of, the financial obligation in the event of a bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors’ rights.
An issue rating is an assessment of default risk but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)
Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings* 
AAA
An obligation rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to meet its
financial commitments on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA
An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The
obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.
A
An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the
obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong.
BBB
An obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic
conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken the obligor’s capacity to meet its
financial commitments on the obligation.
BB,
B,
CCC,
CC,
and C
Obligations rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, ‘CC’, and ‘C’ are regarded as having significant speculative
characteristics. ‘BB’ indicates the least degree of speculation and ‘C’ the highest. While such
obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by
large uncertainties or major exposure to adverse conditions.
BB
An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it
faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic
conditions that could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments
on the obligation.
B
An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor
currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. Adverse business,
financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its
financial commitments on the obligation.
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CCC
An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable
business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on
the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is
not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
CC
An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘CC’ rating is used when
a default has not yet occurred but S&P expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the
anticipated time to default.
C
An obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected
to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared with obligations that are rated
higher.
D
An obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital
instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the
date due, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the
absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar
days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar
action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay
provisions. A rating on an obligation is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed debt
restructuring.
*Ratings from ‘AA’ to ‘CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the rating categories.
Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings 
A-1
A short-term obligation rated ‘A-1’ is rated in the highest category by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to
meet its financial commitments on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations
are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial
commitments on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2
A short-term obligation rated ‘A-2’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes
in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However,
the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3
A short-term obligation rated ‘A-3’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse
economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken an obligor’s capacity to
meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
B
A short-term obligation rated ‘B’ is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative
characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however,
it faces major ongoing uncertainties that could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its
financial commitments.
C
A short-term obligation rated ‘C’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon
favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial
commitments on the obligation.
D
A short-term obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid
capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made
on the date due, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace
period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five
business days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking
of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to
automatic stay provisions. A rating on an obligation is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed
debt restructuring.
Description of S&P’s Municipal Short-Term Note Ratings
An S&P U.S. municipal note rating reflects S&P’s opinion about the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to the notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes with an original maturity of more than three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, S&P’s analysis will review the following considerations:
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●
Amortization schedule—the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and
●
Source of payment—the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.
S&P’s municipal short-term note rating symbols are as follows: 
SP-1
Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong
capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.
SP-2
Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and
economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3
Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
D
‘D’ is assigned upon failure to pay the note when due, completion of a distressed debt
restructuring, or the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default
on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions.
Description of Fitch Ratings’ (“Fitch’s”) Credit Ratings Scales
Fitch Ratings publishes opinions on a variety of scales. The most common of these are credit ratings, but the agency also publishes ratings, scores and other relative opinions relating to financial or operational strength. For example, Fitch also provides specialized ratings of servicers of residential and commercial mortgages, asset managers and funds. In each case, users should refer to the definitions of each individual scale for guidance on the dimensions of risk covered in each assessment.
Fitch’s credit ratings relating to issuers are an opinion on the relative ability of an entity to meet financial commitments, such as interest, preferred dividends, repayment of principal, insurance claims or counterparty obligations. Credit ratings relating to securities and obligations of an issuer can include a recovery expectation. Credit ratings are used by investors as indications of the likelihood of receiving the money owed to them in accordance with the terms on which they invested. The agency’s credit ratings cover the global spectrum of corporate, sovereign financial, bank, insurance, and public finance entities (including supranational and sub-national entities) and the securities or other obligations they issue, as well as structured finance securities backed by receivables or other financial assets.
The terms “investment grade” and “speculative grade” have established themselves over time as shorthand to describe the categories ‘AAA’ to ‘BBB’ (investment grade) and ‘BB’ to ‘D’ (speculative grade). The terms investment grade and speculative grade are market conventions and do not imply any recommendation or endorsement of a specific security for investment purposes. Investment grade categories indicate relatively low to moderate credit risk, while ratings in the speculative categories either signal a higher level of credit risk or that a default has already occurred.
For the convenience of investors, Fitch may also include issues relating to a rated issuer that are not and have not been rated on its web page. Such issues are also denoted as ‘NR’.
Credit ratings express risk in relative rank order, which is to say they are ordinal measures of credit risk and are not predictive of a specific frequency of default or loss. For information about the historical performance of ratings please refer to Fitch’s Ratings Transition and Default studies which detail the historical default rates and their meaning. The European Securities and Markets Authority also maintains a central repository of historical default rates.
Fitch’s credit ratings do not directly address any risk other than credit risk. In particular, ratings do not deal with the risk of a market value loss on a rated security due to changes in interest rates, liquidity and other market considerations. However, in terms of payment obligation on the rated liability, market risk may be considered to the extent that it influences the ability of an issuer to pay upon a commitment.
Ratings nonetheless do not reflect market risk to the extent that they influence the size or other conditionality of the obligation to pay upon a commitment (for example, in the case of index-linked bonds).
In the default components of ratings assigned to individual obligations or instruments, the agency typically rates to the likelihood of non-payment or default in accordance with the terms of that instrument’s documentation. In limited cases, Fitch may include additional considerations (i.e. rate to a higher or lower standard than that implied in the obligation’s documentation).
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The primary credit rating scales can be used to provide a rating of privately issued obligations or certain note issuance programs or for private ratings. In this case the rating is not published, but only provided to the issuer or its agents in the form of a rating letter.
The primary credit rating scales may also be used to provide ratings for a more narrow scope, including interest strips and return of principal or in other forms of opinions such as credit opinions or rating assessment services. Credit opinions are either a notch- or category-specific view using the primary rating scale and omit one or more characteristics of a full rating or meet them to a different standard. Credit opinions will be indicated using a lower case letter symbol combined with either an ‘*’ (e.g. ‘bbb+*’) or (cat) suffix to denote the opinion status. Credit opinions will be point-in-time typically but may be monitored if the analytical group believes information will be sufficiently available. Rating assessment services are a notch-specific view using the primary rating scale of how an existing or potential rating may be changed by a given set of hypothetical circumstances. While credit opinions and rating assessment services are point-in-time and are not monitored, they may have a directional watch or outlook assigned, which can signify the trajectory of the credit profile.
Description of Fitch’s Long-Term Corporate Finance Obligations Rating Scales
Ratings of individual securities or financial obligations of a corporate issuer address relative vulnerability to default on an ordinal scale. In addition, for financial obligations in corporate finance, a measure of recovery given default on that liability is also included in the rating assessment. This notably applies to covered bonds ratings, which incorporate both an indication of the probability of default and of the recovery given a default of this debt instrument. On the contrary, Ratings of debtor-in-possession (“DIP”) obligations incorporate the expectation of full repayment.
The relationship between the issuer scale and obligation scale assumes a generic historical average recovery. Individual obligations can be assigned ratings higher, lower, or the same as that entity’s issuer rating or issuer default rating (“IDR”), based on their relative ranking, relative vulnerability to default or based on explicit Recovery Ratings.
As a result, individual obligations of entities, such as corporations, are assigned ratings higher, lower, or the same as that entity’s issuer rating or IDR, except DIP obligation ratings that are not based off an IDR. At the lower end of the ratings scale, Fitch publishes explicit Recovery Ratings in many cases to complement issuer and obligation ratings.
Fitch long-term obligations rating scales are as follows: 
AAA
Highest Credit Quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned
only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity
is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA
Very High Credit Quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very
strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable
to foreseeable events.
A
High Credit Quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of
financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable
to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB
Good Credit Quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that expectations of credit risk are currently low. The
capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate, but adverse business or
economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB
Speculative. ‘BB’ ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to credit risk, particularly in the event of
adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial
alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met.
B
Highly Speculative. ‘B’ ratings indicate that material credit risk is present.
CCC
Substantial Credit Risk. ‘CCC’ ratings indicate that substantial credit risk is present.
CC
Very High Levels of Credit Risk. ‘CC’ ratings indicate very high levels of credit risk.
C
Exceptionally High Levels of Credit Risk. ‘C’ indicates exceptionally high levels of credit risk.
Within rating categories, Fitch may use modifiers. The modifiers “+” or “-” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories.
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For example, the rating category ‘AA’ has three notch-specific rating levels (‘AA+’; ‘AA’; ‘AA–’; each a rating level). Such suffixes are not added to ‘AAA’ ratings and ratings below the ‘CCC’ category. For the short-term rating category of ‘F1’, a ‘+’ may be appended.
Description of Fitch’s Short-Term Ratings Assigned to Issuers and Obligations
A short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-term deposit ratings may be adjusted for loss severity. Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as “short term” based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.
Fitch short-term ratings are as follows: 
F1
Highest Short-Term Credit Quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of
financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2
Good Short-Term Credit Quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial
commitments.
F3
Fair Short-Term Credit Quality. The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is
adequate.
B
Speculative Short-Term Credit Quality. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial
commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and
economic conditions.
C
High Short-Term Default Risk. Default is a real possibility.
RD
Restricted Default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial
commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically applicable to entity
ratings only.
D
Default. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term
obligation.
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APPENDIX B
Open-End Active and Fixed Income Index Fund Proxy Voting Policy
Procedures Governing Delegation of Proxy Voting to Fund Advisers
Effective Date: January 1, 2025
Applies to the following types of Funds registered under the 1940 Act:
☐ Index Equity Mutual Funds and Exchange-Traded Funds
☒ Open-End Active and Fixed Income Index Mutual Funds and Exchange-Traded Funds
☐ Money Market Funds
☐ Closed-End Funds
☐ Other
Objective and Scope
Set forth below is the Open-End Active and Fixed Income Index Fund Proxy Voting Policy.
Policy/Document Requirements and Statements
The Boards of Trustees/Directors (“Directors”) of certain open-end funds (the “Funds”) advised by BlackRock Fund Advisors or BlackRock Advisors, LLC (“BlackRock”), have the responsibility for the oversight of voting proxies relating to portfolio securities of the Funds, and have determined that it is in the best interests of the Funds and their shareholders to delegate the responsibility to vote proxies to BlackRock, subject to the principles outlined in this Policy, as part of BlackRock’s authority to manage, acquire and dispose of account assets, all as contemplated by the Funds’ respective investment management agreements.
BlackRock has adopted the BlackRock Active Investment Stewardship Global Engagement and Voting Guidelines (as from time to time amended, the “Guidelines”) governing proxy voting by active and fixed income index Funds managed by BlackRock. The Guidelines include “climate and decarbonization” guidelines which apply to the Funds listed in Appendix A, if any.
BlackRock will cast votes on behalf of each of the Funds covered by this policy on specific proxy issues in respect of securities held by each such Fund (or may refrain from voting) in accordance with the Guidelines.
Conflicts Management
BlackRock Active Investment Stewardship (“BAIS”) maintains policies and procedures that seek to prevent undue influence on BlackRock’s proxy voting activity and to mitigate material conflicts of interest in the exercise of proxy voting responsibilities. Potential material conflicts, and the resultant potential for undue influence, might be due to a relationship between the investee company (or any shareholder proponent or dissident shareholder) and BlackRock, BlackRock’s affiliates or employees, or a Fund or a Fund’s affiliates. BlackRock has taken certain steps to mitigate potential conflicts, which are outlined in detail in the Guidelines. In mitigating conflicts, BAIS will adhere to the Guidelines.
In certain instances, BAIS will engage an independent third-party voting service provider to make proxy voting recommendations as a further safeguard to avoid potential conflicts of interest, to satisfy regulatory compliance requirements, or as may be otherwise required by applicable law.
With respect to the relationship between securities lending and proxy voting, shares on loan cannot be voted and BlackRock may determine to recall them for voting, as guided by BlackRock’s fiduciary responsibility to act in clients’ financial interests. The Guidelines set forth BlackRock’s approach to recalling securities on loan in connection with proxy voting.
Reports to the Board
BlackRock will report on an annual basis to the Directors on (1) a summary of the proxy voting process as applicable to the Funds covered by this policy in the preceding year together with a representation that all votes were in accordance with the Guidelines and (2) any material changes to the Guidelines, including material changes to conflicts management practices, that have not previously been reported.
BlackRock
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Appendix A
BlackRock U.S. Carbon Transition Readiness ETF
BlackRock World ex U.S. Carbon Transition Readiness ETF
BlackRock
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BlackRock Active Investment Stewardship
Global Engagement and Voting Guidelines
Effective as of January 2025
BlackRock
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The purpose of this document is to provide an overarching explanation of BlackRock’s global approach to our
responsibilities as a shareholder on behalf of our clients, the principles that guide our dialogue with
companies, and our commitments to clients in terms of our own governance and transparency.
 
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Overview
This document provides high level guidance on how BlackRock Active Investment Stewardship (BAIS) views corporate governance matters that are commonly put to a shareholder vote, or on which investors engage with issuers. BAIS works in partnership with BlackRock’s investment teams, excluding index equity, providing expertise on investment stewardship, engaging with companies on behalf of those teams when appropriate, and assisting in recommending, operationalizing and reporting on voting decisions. The guidance informs BAIS’ voting recommendations to BlackRock’s active portfolio managers. It applies to active equity holdings in BlackRock’s fundamental equity, systematic equity and multi-asset solutions strategies. It also may apply to holdings in BlackRock’s index and active fixed income strategies, to the extent those strategies hold voting securities or conduct issuer engagements. The guidelines are not prescriptive as active portfolio managers have discretion as to how they integrate these guidelines within their investment processes in light of their clients’ or funds’ investment objectives. There are separate, independently developed principles and voting policies that are applied to BlackRock’s index equity investments by a distinct and independent function, BlackRock Investment Stewardship.
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Introduction to BlackRock
BlackRock’s purpose is to help more and more people experience financial well-being. We manage assets on behalf of institutional and individual clients, across a full spectrum of investment strategies, asset classes, and regions. Our client base includes pension plans, endowments, foundations, charities, official institutions, insurers, and other financial institutions, as well as individuals around the world.
About BlackRock Active Investment Stewardship
BlackRock Active Investment Stewardship (BAIS) is a specialist team within the Portfolio Management Group and manages BlackRock’s stewardship engagement and voting on behalf of clients invested in active strategies globally. BAIS is also responsible for engagement with issuers in index fixed income strategies, where appropriate. Our activities are informed by these Global Engagement and Voting Guidelines (“the Guidelines”) and insights from active investment analysts and portfolio managers, with whom we work closely in engaging companies and voting at shareholder meetings.
Engagement with public companies is the foundation of our approach to stewardship within fundamental active investing. Through direct dialogue with company leadership, we seek to understand their businesses and how they manage risks and opportunities to deliver durable, risk adjusted financial returns. Generally, portfolio managers and stewardship specialists engage jointly on substantive matters. Our discussions focus on topics relevant to a company’s success over time including governance and leadership, corporate strategy, capital structure and financial performance, operations and sustainability-related risks, as well as macro-economic, geopolitical and sector dynamics. We aim to be constructive investors and are generally supportive of management teams that have a track record of financial value creation. We aim to build and maintain strong relationships with company leadership based on open dialogue and mutual respect.
Different active equity strategies may implement these voting guidelines differently, as a result of the latitude the portfolio manager has to make independent voting decisions aligned with their portfolio objectives and investment strategy. For example, BAIS will generally vote the holdings in Systematic Active Equity portfolios in accordance with these guidelines. We provide voting recommendations to fundamental equity portfolio managers, who may determine to vote differently based on their portfolio investment objectives and strategy.
These guidelines discuss corporate governance topics on which we may engage with management teams and board directors1 and matters that routinely come to a shareholder vote. We recognize that accepted corporate governance norms can differ across markets, and believe these guidelines represent globally applicable elements of governance that support a company’s ability to manage material risks and opportunities and deliver financial returns to investors. Generally, we believe companies should observe accepted corporate governance norms within their local markets or, particularly in markets without well-established norms, aspire to widely recognized international best practices. As one of many minority shareholders, BlackRock cannot – and does not try to – direct a company’s strategy or its implementation. We look to companies to provide disclosures that explain how their approach to corporate governance best aligns with the financial interests of their investors.
Our approach to stewardship within active equities
As shareholders of public companies, BlackRock’s clients have certain fundamental rights, including the right to vote on proposals put forth by a company’s management or its shareholders. The voting rights attached to these clients’ holdings are an important mechanism for investors to express support for, or concern about, a company’s performance. As a fiduciary, BlackRock is legally required to make proxy voting determinations, on behalf of clients who have delegated voting authority to us, in a manner that is consistent with their investment objectives.
In general, we tend to support the recommendations of the board of directors and management. As indicated below, we may vote against management recommendations when we have concerns about how companies are serving the financial interests of our clients as their shareholders. We take a globally consistent approach to voting but consider the different corporate governance regulations and norms in various markets. Votes are determined on a case-by-case basis, in the context of a company’s situation and the investment mandate we have from clients. Please see page 16 for more information about how we fulfil and oversee BlackRock’s non-index equity investment stewardship responsibilities.
1 References to the board, board directors or non-executive directors should be understood to include supervisory boards and their members, where relevant.
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Our approach to stewardship within fixed income
Although fixed income investors do not have the right to vote at shareholder meetings, issuer engagement is a component of fixed income investment strategies at BlackRock, particularly those with sustainability objectives in addition to financial objectives. Most corporate governance-related fixed income engagements are undertaken in conjunction with the active investment stewardship team, and often active equity investors. In addition to the topics listed below, engagement with fixed income investment teams can help inform an issuer’s approach to structuring specialist issuances, such as green bonds, and the standard terms and information in bond documentation.
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Boards of directors
Roles and responsibilities
There is widespread consensus that the foundation of good corporate governance is an effective board of directors that is able to advise and supervise management in an independent and objective manner.2
We look to the board of directors (hereafter ‘the board’) to have an oversight role in the establishment and realization of a company’s strategy, purpose and culture. These constructs are interdependent and, when aligned, can better position a company to be resilient in the face of a changing business environment, help reduce the risks of corporate or employee misconduct, and attract and retain the caliber of workers necessary to deliver financial performance over time.
In promoting the success of the company, the board ensures the necessary resources, policies and procedures are in place to help management meet its strategic objectives within an agreed risk tolerance.
One of the most important responsibilities of the board is to appoint, and remove as necessary, the chief executive officer (CEO). In addition, the board plays a meaningful role in monitoring the performance of the CEO and other key executives, determining executive compensation, ensuring a rigorous audit, overseeing strategy execution and risk management and engaging with shareholders, and other stakeholders, as necessary.
Composition and effectiveness
Appointment process
A formal and transparent process for identifying and appointing director candidates is critical to ensuring the board is composed of directors with the appropriate mix of skills and experience. The board or a sub-committee should determine the general criteria given the company’s circumstances (e.g., sector, maturity, geographic footprint) and any additional criteria for a specific role being filled (e.g., financial expertise, industry track record). To inform the process, we encourage companies to review the skills and experience of incumbent directors to identify any gaps and whether a director candidate’s characteristics would be additive. We welcome disclosures that explain how the board considered different skills, backgrounds and experience to ensure the directors collectively can be effective in fulfilling their responsibilities. We assess a company’s board composition against that of its peer group and local market requirements.
Shareholders periodically vote to elect, remove and nominate directors to serve on the board. We may vote against the election of the most senior independent director, or the chair of the relevant committee, where a company has not demonstrated it has an appointment process that results in a high functioning board with the appropriate complement of skills, backgrounds and experience amongst the directors to support strong financial performance over time. We may vote against newly nominated directors who do not seem to have the appropriate skills or experience to contribute to the board’s effectiveness.
Independence
Director independence from management, significant shareholders or other stakeholders (e.g., government or employees) is of paramount importance to the protection of the interests of minority shareholders such as BlackRock’s clients. At least half of the directors should be independent and free from conflicts of interest or undue influence.3 This ensures sufficient independent directors to have appropriately independent board committees. Companies domiciled in markets with a higher threshold for board independence should meet those requirements.
We may vote against the election of non-independent directors if the board does not have a sufficient balance of independence. We may also vote against the election of the chair of the committee responsible for board composition if this is a perennial issue.
Independent board leadership
Practices across markets differ, as do board structures, but we observe two main approaches to independent board leadership. One is a non-executive, independent chair of the board who is responsible for leading the board in the effective exercise of its duties. The other is a lead or senior independent director, who is responsible for coordinating with the other non-executive directors and working closely with the executive chair on the board agenda
2 See the Corporate Governance Codes of Germany, Japan, and the UK, as well as the corporate governance principles of the US Business Roundtable as examples.
3 Common impediments to independence may include but are not limited to: current or recent employment at the company or a subsidiary; being, or representing, a shareholder with a substantial shareholding in the company; interlocking directorships; lengthy tenure, and having any other interest, business, or other relationship which could, or could reasonably be perceived to, materially interfere with a director’s ability to act in the best interests of the company and shareholders.
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and other board procedures. In this case, the executive chair and the lead independent director work together to ensure the board is effectively fulfilling its responsibilities. In our view, the independent leader of the board, and/or the chair of a relevant committee, should be available to investors to discuss board governance matters such as CEO succession, executive pay, and board performance. We look to boards to explain their independent board leadership model and how it serves the interests of shareholders.
We may vote against the election of the chair of the committee responsible for board composition if there is not an identified independent leader of the board with clear responsibilities for board performance. We may vote against the most senior independent director if the board has a policy of not engaging with shareholders.
Tenure and succession
Boards should establish the length of time a director would normally be expected to serve, in line with market norms where those exist. In such markets, we find it helpful when companies disclose their approach to director tenure particularly around the contributions of directors who have served for longer periods than provided for in local practices. In our experience, long-serving directors could become less independent given their relationship with management and involvement in past board decisions.
Succession planning for board roles helps achieve the appropriate cadence of turnover that balances renewal through the regular introduction of directors with fresh perspectives and expertise with continuity through the retention of directors with long-term knowledge of the board and company.
In markets where there is not specific director tenure guidance, we may vote against the election of the chair of the committee responsible for board composition if there is not a clearly disclosed approach to director tenure and board renewal. We may vote against the election of directors who have served for longer duration than typical in markets with specific guidance, where the case for their continued service is not evident.
Capacity
To be effective and engaged, directors must commit appropriate time and energy to the role. A board should assess the ability of its members to maintain an appropriate focus on board matters and the company taking into consideration competing responsibilities. We recognize that board leadership roles vary across markets in responsibilities and required time commitment but note that they are generally more intensive than a standard directorship. We will take local norms and practices into consideration when making our voting determinations across markets.
We may vote against the election of directors who do not seem to have sufficient capacity to effectively fulfil their duties to the board and company.
Director elections
In support of director accountability to shareholders, directors should stand for election on a regular basis, ideally annually. A classified board structure may be justified by a company when it needs consistency and stability during a time of transition, or on the basis of its business model, e.g., a non-operating company such as closed-end funds.
Shareholders should have the opportunity to evaluate nominated directors individually rather than in bundled slates. We look to companies to provide sufficient information on each director standing for election so that shareholders can assess their capabilities and suitability. We will not support the election of directors whose names and biographical details have not been disclosed sufficiently in advance of the shareholder meeting.
Each director’s appointment should be dependent on receiving a simple majority of the votes cast at the shareholder meeting. Where a company’s practices differ, we look to the board to provide a detailed explanation as to how its approach best serves investors’ interests.
We may vote for shareholder or management proposals seeking to establish annual election of directors and/or a simple majority vote standard for director elections. We may vote against all the directors standing for election as part of a single slate if we have concerns about the profile or performance of an individual director.
Committees
Many boards establish committees to focus on specific responsibilities of the board such as audit and risk, governance and human capital, and executive compensation, amongst other matters. We do not prescribe to companies what committees they should establish but we seek to understand the board’s rationale for the committee structure it determines is appropriate. We note that, in some markets, regulation requires such committees. The responsibilities of each committee should be clear, and the board should ensure that all critical matters are assigned either to the full board or to one of the committees. The board should disclose to shareholders the structure, membership, proportion of independent directors, and responsibilities of each committee. The responsibilities we typically see assigned to the three most common committees include:
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Audit and risk – oversight responsibilities for the integrity of financial reporting, risk management and compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; may also play an oversight role in relation to the internal audit function and whistleblowing mechanisms.
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Nominating, governance and human capital – ensures appropriate corporate governance principles and practices including the periodic review of board performance; responsible for succession planning for CEO and key board roles, as well as the director appointment process; may also have oversight responsibilities for human capital management strategies including corporate culture and purpose.
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Executive compensation – determines the compensation policies and programs for the CEO and other executive officers, approves annual awards and payments under the policies; may also have oversight responsibilities for firm-wide compensation policies.
We may vote against the election of the chair of the committee or other directors serving as committee members to convey our concerns and provide feedback on how a committee has undertaken its responsibilities. We may vote against the election of the most senior non-executive director if there is not a clearly disclosed approach to board committees.
Board and director evaluation
We consider it best practice for companies to conduct an annual review of the performance of the board, the committees, the chair and individual directors. Periodically, this review could be undertaken by an independent third party able to bring objective perspectives to the board on governance and performance. We encourage companies to disclose their approach to and objectives of evaluations, including any changes made to the board’s approach as a result.
Access to independent advice
To support the directors in effectively fulfilling their duties to the company and shareholders, they should have access to independent advice. When circumstances warrant, boards should be able to retain independent third parties to advise on critical matters. These might include new industry developments such as emergent and disruptive technology, operating events with material consequences for the company’s reputation and/or performance, or significant transactions. Board committees may similarly retain third parties to advise them on specialist matters such as audit, compensation and succession planning.
Executive compensation
Boards should establish compensation arrangements that enable the company to recruit, retain and reward the caliber of executive management necessary to lead and operate the company to deliver superior financial returns over time. We focus on alignment between variable pay and a company’s financial performance.
Generally, executive compensation arrangements have four components: base salary, annual bonus that rewards performance against short-term metrics, share-based incentives that reward performance against long-term metrics, and pensions and benefits. In our observation, base salary, pensions and benefits are largely set relative to market norms and benchmarks. The annual bonus and share-based incentive, or variable pay plans, tend to be tailored to the company, its sector and long-term strategy, as well as the individuals the board is seeking to recruit and motivate.
Recognizing the unique circumstances of each company, we determine whether to support a company’s approach to executive compensation on a case-by-case basis. We rely on companies providing sufficient quantitative and qualitative information in their disclosures to enable shareholders to understand the compensation arrangements and assess the alignment with investors’ interests. Features we look for in compensation arrangements include:
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Fixed pay components, including base salary, benefits and prerequisites that are appropriate in the context of the company’s size, sector and market.
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Variable pay subject to performance metrics that are closely linked to the company’s short- and long-term strategic objectives.
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Long-term incentives that motivate sustained performance across a multi-year period.
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A balance between fixed and variable pay, short- and long-term incentives, and specific instruments (cash and equity awards) that promotes pay program durability and seldom necessitates one-off, discretionary payments.
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Outcomes that are consistent with the returns to investors over the relevant time period.
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Board discretion, if allowed within the variable pay arrangements, to be used sparingly, responsibly and transparently.
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A requirement, that participants in long-term share-based incentive plans build a meaningful shareholding in the company within a defined time period, as determined by the board.
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Change of control provisions that appropriately balance the interests of executives and shareholders.
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Clawback or malus provisions that allow the company to recoup or hold back variable compensation from individuals whose awards were based on fraudulent activities, misstated financial reports, or executive misconduct.
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Severance arrangements that protect the company’s interests but do not cost more than is contractual.
We may vote against proposals to introduce new share-based incentives, approve existing policies or plans, or approve the compensation report where we do not see alignment between executive compensation arrangements and our clients’ financial interests. When there is not an alternative, or where there have been multi-year issues with compensation misaligned with performance, we may vote against the election of the chair of the responsible committee, or the most senior independent director.
Non-executive director compensation
Companies generally pay non-executive directors an annual retainer or fee in cash, shares or a combination of the two. Some companies also pay additional fees for service on board committees or in board leadership roles. We do not support non-executive directors participating in performance-based incentive plans as doing so may create a conflict of interest and undermine their independence from management, whom they oversee.
Capital structure
Boards are responsible for ensuring senior executive leadership has established a capital strategy that achieves appropriate capital allocation and management in support of long-term financial resilience.
Where company practices diverge from those set out below, we look for companies to disclose why they view these practices to be aligned with shareholders’ interests. We may vote against management proposals seeking capital-related authorities or the election of the most senior independent director if we have concerns about a company’s approach. We may also support a shareholder proposal seeking conversion of shares with differentiated voting rights to a one-share, one-vote standard.
Share issuance
We assess requests for share issuance for particular transactions on a case-by-case basis. We will generally support authorities to issue shares when subject to pre-emptive rights, and up to 20% absent pre-emptive rights. Companies should seek regular approval of these authorities to allow shareholders to take into consideration how prior authorities were used, as well as the current circumstances of the company and the market environment.
Share buybacks
We assess share buyback proposals in the context of the company’s disclosed capital management strategy and management’s determination of the appropriate balance between investment that supports the long-term growth of the company and returning cash to investors. We also take into consideration the effect of a buyback program on the company’s balance sheet and executive compensation arrangements and the price at which shares are repurchased relative to market price. Companies should seek regular approval of these authorities to allow shareholders to take into consideration how prior authorities were used, as well as the current circumstances of the company and the market environment.
We would normally expect companies to cancel repurchased shares. If a company plans to retain them as treasury shares, management should provide a detailed rationale in the context of the disclosed capital management strategy.
Dividends
We generally defer to management and the board on dividend policy but may engage to seek further clarification where a proposed dividend appears out of line with the company’s financial position.
Differentiated voting rights
We prefer companies to adopt a one-share, one-vote structure for share classes with the same economic exposure. Certain companies, particularly those new to public markets, could make the case to adopt a differentiated voting rights structure, or dual class stock. In those situations, we encourage companies to evaluate and seek approval for their capital structure on a periodic basis.
Transactions and special situations
We monitor developments in transactions and special situations closely and undertake our own detailed analyses of proposals.
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Mergers and acquisitions
We evaluate proposed mergers or acquisitions by assessing the financial outcome for our clients as minority shareholders. Management should provide an assessment of the proposed transaction’s strategic and financial rationale, along with its execution and operational risks. We review each transaction independently based on these factors and the degree to which the transaction enhances shareholder value. The board should consider establishing an ad hoc transaction committee to undertake an independent assessment of a significant merger or acquisition, in advance of making its recommendation to shareholders.
We will vote against transactions that, in our assessment, do not advance our clients’ financial interests.
Anti-takeover defenses
In principle, we do not support companies using anti-takeover defenses, also known as poison pills or shareholder rights plans, as they can entrench management and boards which have not delivered long-term shareholder value. By exception, a poison pill may be supported if its purpose is to delay a takeover that is considered sub-optimal and enable management to seek an improved offer. Similarly, management could make the case to use a poison pill to block a shareholder activism campaign that may be counter to the interests of other investors. Defense mechanisms introduced in these circumstances should be limited in term and threshold, and also be closely monitored by the independent members of the board. We look for a shareholder vote for any mechanisms expected to be in place for more than 12 months.
Shareholder activism
When companies are the focus of an activism campaign, we may engage with the activist to understand their analysis and objectives, once they have gone public. We will also engage with company management and possibly board members, especially those the activist may be seeking to replace. In our assessment, we evaluate various factors, including the concerns raised by the activist and the case for change; the quality of both the activist’s and management’s plans; and the qualifications of each party’s candidates. We evaluate each contested situation by assessing the potential financial outcome for our clients as minority shareholders.
We may support board candidates nominated by a shareholder activist if the activist has demonstrated that their case for change enhances shareholder value, or if the incumbent board members do not demonstrate the relevant skills and expertise or have a poor track record of protecting shareholders’ interests.
Significant shareholders and related party transactions
Boards of companies with affiliated shareholders or directors should be able to demonstrate that the interests of all shareholders are given equitable consideration.
Transactions with related parties, such as significant shareholders or companies connected with the public company, should be disclosed in detail and conducted on terms similar to what would objectively have been agreed with a non-related party. Such transactions should be reviewed and approved by the independent members of the board, and if voted on, only disinterested shareholders should vote.
Corporate reporting, risk management and audit
Investors depend on corporate reporting, both regulatory and voluntary, to understand a company’s strategy, its implementation and financial performance, as well as to assess the quality of management and operations and potential for the company to create shareholder value over time. The board should oversee corporate reporting and the policies and procedures underpinning the internal audit function and external audit.
A company’s financial reporting should provide decision-useful information for investors and other stakeholders on its financial performance and position. It should provide an accurate and balanced assessment of the risks and opportunities the company faces in realizing its long-term strategy. Accordingly, the assumptions made by management and reviewed by the auditor in preparing the financial statements should be reasonable and justified. Financial statements should be prepared in accordance with globally developed reporting standards and any divergence from generally accepted accounting principles should be explained in detail and justified. Accounting restatements should be explained in detail and any remedial actions, and the implications of these, disclosed.
In this context, audit committees play a vital role in a company’s financial reporting system by providing independent oversight of the accounts, material financial and, where appropriate to the jurisdiction, nonfinancial information, internal control frameworks and Enterprise Risk Management systems. In our view, effective audit committee oversight strengthens the quality and reliability of a company’s financial statements and provides an important level of reassurance to shareholders. Audit committees should have a procedure in place for assessing the independence of the auditor and the quality of the external audit process annually.
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Similarly, material sustainability-related factors that are integral to how a company manages risks or generates revenue should be disclosed. In our view, the standards developed by the International Sustainability Standards Board, can be helpful to companies in preparing such reports.4
Companies should establish robust risk management and internal control processes appropriate to the company’s business, risk tolerance, and regulatory environment. A credible whistleblowing system for employees, and potentially other stakeholders, can be a useful mechanism for ensuring that senior management and the board are aware of potential misconduct or breaches in risk management and internal control processes.
A comprehensive audit conducted by an independent audit firm contributes to investor confidence in the quality of corporate reporting. It is helpful when the audit report gives some insight into the scope and focus of the audit, as well as any critical audit matters identified and how these were resolved. A comprehensive and effective audit is time and resource intensive, and the audit fee should be commensurate. Fees paid to the audit firm for non-audit consulting should not exceed the audit fee to a degree that may prompt concerns about the independence of the audit. The audit committee should explain its position on auditor tenure and how it confirmed that the auditor remained independent.
We may vote against the election of the responsible directors if corporate reporting is insufficient or there are material misstatements in financial reports. In markets where relevant, we may vote against a proposal to approve the financial statements or the discharge of the board when we are concerned about the quality of the reporting or the audit. We may vote against proposals to appoint the auditor, ratify the audit report, or approve the audit fee if we are concerned about the auditor’s independence, the quality of the audit, or there are material misstatements in financial reports and the board has not established reasonable remediation plans.
Shareholder rights and protections
General shareholder meetings
Companies normally have an annual general meeting of shareholders at which routine and non-routine items of business are discussed and voted on by shareholders in attendance or submitting proxy votes. Companies should disclose materials relevant to the shareholder meeting sufficiently in advance so that shareholders can take them into consideration in their voting decisions. Many companies offer shareholders the option of participating in the meeting virtually which, whilst welcome, should not limit the rights of shareholders to participate as they would during an in-person meeting.
We may vote against directors when materials related to the business of the shareholder meeting are not provided in a timely manner or do not provide sufficient information for us to take an informed voting decision. We may vote against directors if the format of the shareholder meeting does not accommodate reasonable shareholder participation.
Bylaw amendments
We review bylaw amendments proposed by management on a case-by-case basis and will generally support those that are aligned with the interests of minority shareholders. Any material changes to the bylaws should be explained in detail and put to a shareholder vote.
We may vote against bylaw amendments that reduce shareholder rights and protections. We may vote against directors if material changes are made to the bylaws without shareholder approval.
If not provided for in the relevant corporate law, company bylaws should allow shareholders, individually or as a group, with a meaningful shareholding the right to call a special meeting of shareholders. The shareholding required to exercise this right should balance its utility with the cost to the company of holding special meetings.
If not provided for in the relevant corporate law, company bylaws should allow shareholders, individually or as a group, with a meaningful shareholding the right to nominate directors to the company’s board. The threshold for this right should be set so that shareholders can exercise it without being unduly disruptive to the board’s own nomination process.
Whilst we would not use either of these rights ourselves, we see them as important accountability mechanisms. We may vote for a shareholder proposal seeking the addition of either of these provisions to a company’s bylaws.
4
The objective of IFRS S1 General Requirements for Disclosure of Sustainability-related Financial Information is to require an entity to disclose information about its sustainability-related risks and opportunities that is useful to primary users of general-purpose financial reports in making decisions relating to providing resources to the entity. The objective of IFRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures is to require an entity to disclose information about its climate-related risks and opportunities that is useful to primary users of general-purpose financial reports in making decisions relating to providing resources to the entity.
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Change of domicile
We generally defer to management on proposals to change a company’s domicile as long as the rationale for doing so is consistent with the company’s long-term strategy and business model and the related costs are immaterial.
We may vote against directors or a proposal to change a company’s domicile where it does not seem aligned with our clients’ financial interests.
Changes to a company’s purpose or the nature of its business
Plans to materially change the nature of a company’s business or its purpose should be disclosed and explained in the context of long-term strategy and business dynamics. Such changes may significantly alter an investor’s views on the suitability of a company for their investment strategy or portfolio.
Where relevant, we may vote against proposals to change a company’s purpose or the nature of its business if the board has not provided a credible argument for change.
Shareholder proposals
Shareholders in many markets, who meet certain eligibility criteria, have the right to submit proposals to the general shareholder meeting asking a company to take a particular course of action subject to the proposal being supported by a majority of votes cast at the meeting. The topics raised address a range of governance, social and environmental matters that may be relevant to a company’s business. Shareholder proposals are considered by many investors to be an escalation tool when a company is unresponsive to their engagement.
We vote on these proposals on a case-by-case basis. We assess the relevance of the topic raised to a company’s business and its current approach, whether the actions sought are consistent with shareholders’ interests, and what impact the proposal being acted upon might have on financial performance.
Our general approach where we have concerns about a company’s governance, disclosures or performance is to engage to understand the apparent difference in perspective. If we continue to believe the company is not acting in shareholders’ financial interests, we may vote against the election of directors. We may support a relevant shareholder proposal if doing so reinforces the points made in our engagement or is aligned with our clients’ financial interests. We generally do not support shareholder proposals that are legally binding on the company, seek to alter a company’s strategy or direct its operations, or are unrelated to how a company manages risk or generates financial returns.
BlackRock is subject to legal and regulatory requirements in the U.S. that place restrictions and limitations on how we can interact with the companies in which we invest on behalf of our clients, including our ability to submit shareholder proposals. We can vote on behalf of clients who authorize us to do so, on proposals put forth by others.
Corporate political activities
We seek to understand how companies ensure that their direct and indirect engagement in the policy making process is consistent with their public statements on policy matters important to the company’s long-term strategy. The board should be aware of the approach taken to corporate political activities as there can be reputational risks arising from inconsistencies. Companies should, as a minimum, meet all regulatory disclosure requirements on political activities, and ideally, provide accessible and clear disclosures to shareholders on policy positions, public policy engagement activities and political donations. To mitigate the risk of inconsistencies, companies can usefully assess the alignment between their policy priorities and the policy positions of the trade associations of which they are active members and any engagements undertaken by trade associations on behalf of members.
Generally, this is an engagement matter, although we may support a relevant shareholder proposal, or vote against directors, where a company’s disclosures are insufficient, or it becomes public that there is a material contradiction in a company’s public policy positions and its policy engagement.
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Sustainability, or environmental and social, considerations
We seek to understand how companies manage the risks and opportunities inherent in their business operations. In our experience, sustainability-related factors5 that are relevant to a company’s business or material to its financial performance, are generally operational considerations embedded into day-to-day management systems. Certain sustainability issues may also inform long-term strategic planning, for example, investing in product innovation in anticipation of changing consumer demand or adapting supply chains in response to changing regulatory requirements.
We recognize that the specific sustainability-related factors that may be financially material or business relevant will vary by company business model, sector, key markets, and time horizon, amongst other considerations. From company disclosures and our engagement, we aim to understand how management is identifying, assessing and integrating material sustainability-related risks and opportunities into their business decision-making and practices. Doing so helps us undertake a more holistic assessment of a company’s potential financial performance and the likely risk-adjusted returns of an investment.
We may vote against directors or support a relevant shareholder proposal if we have concerns about how a company is managing or disclosing its approach to material sustainability-related risks that may impact financial returns.
Key stakeholders
In our view, companies should understand and take into consideration the interests of the various parties on whom they depend for their success over time. It is for each company to determine their key stakeholders based on what is material to their business and long-term financial performance. For many companies, key stakeholders include employees, business partners (such as suppliers and distributors), clients and consumers, regulators, and the communities in which they operate. Companies that appropriately balance the interests of investors and other stakeholders are, in our experience, more likely to be financially resilient over time.
Climate and decarbonization investment objectives
Certain active BlackRock funds have climate and decarbonization objectives in addition to financial objectives. Consistent with the objectives of those investment strategies, our stewardship activity in relation to the holdings in those funds differs in some respects from BAIS’ benchmark guidelines, which are described above. Specifically, for those funds’ holdings, we look to investee companies to demonstrate that they are aligned with a decarbonization pathway that means their business model would be viable in a low-carbon economy, i.e., one in which global temperature rise is limited to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. This approach is only taken following BlackRock receiving the explicit approval from the applicable fund board.
The decarbonization stewardship guidelines focus on companies which produce goods and services that contribute to real world decarbonization or have a carbon intensive business model and face outsized impacts from the low carbon transition, based on reported and estimated scopes 1, 2, and 3 greenhouse gas emissions. These companies should provide disclosures that set out their governance, strategy, risk management processes and metrics and targets relevant to decarbonization. These disclosures should include an explanation of the decarbonization scenarios a company is using in its near- and long-term planning, as well as its scope 1, scope 2 and material scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and reduction targets for scope 1 and 2 emissions. As with the BAIS benchmark policies, we consider the climate-risk reporting standard issued by the International Sustainability Standards Board, IFRS S2, a useful reference for such reporting.
Under these climate- and decarbonization-specific guidelines, BAIS may recommend a vote against directors or support for a relevant shareholder proposal if a company does not appear to be adequately addressing or disclosing material climate-related risks. We may recommend supporting shareholder proposals seeking information relevant to a company’s stated low-carbon transition strategy and targets that the company does not currently provide and that
5 By material sustainability-related risks and opportunities, we mean the drivers of risk and financial value creation in a company’s business model that have an environmental or social dependency or impact. Examples of environmental issues include, but are not limited to, water use, land use, waste management, and climate risk. Examples of social issues include, but are not limited to, human capital management, impacts on the communities in which a company operates, customer loyalty, and relationships with regulators. It is our view that well managed companies will effectively evaluate and manage material sustainability-related risks and opportunities relevant to their businesses. Governance is the core means by which boards can oversee the creation of durable financial value over time. Appropriate risk oversight of business-relevant and material sustainability-related considerations is a component of a sound governance framework.
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would be helpful to investment decision-making. As under the BAIS benchmark approach, the active portfolio managers are ultimately responsible for voting consistent with their investment mandate and fund objectives.
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Appendix 1: How we fulfil and oversee our active investment stewardship responsibilities
Oversight
The Global Head of BAIS has primary oversight of and responsibility for the team’s activities, including voting in accordance with the BlackRock Active Investment Stewardship Global Engagement and Voting Guidelines (“the Guidelines”), which require the application of professional judgment and consideration of each company’s unique circumstances, as well as input from active investors. BAIS is independent from BlackRock Investment Stewardship in our engagement and voting activities, reporting lines, and oversight.
The Active Investment Stewardship Oversight Committee, comprised of senior representatives of the active investment, legal and risk teams, reviews and advises on amendments to BAIS’ Global Engagement and Voting Guidelines. The Committee also considers developments in corporate governance, related public policy, and market norms and how these might influence BAIS’ policies and practices. The Committee does not determine voting decisions, which are the responsibility of BAIS and the relevant active equity investors.
In addition, there is a standing advisory group of senior active investors who counsel BAIS on complex or high-profile votes before a recommendation is finalized and escalated to the portfolio managers with holdings in the company under consideration. This group also formally reviews any revisions to the Engagement and Voting Guidelines proposed by BAIS as part of its annual review.
BAIS carries out engagement with companies in collaboration with active investment colleagues, executes proxy votes, and conducts vote operations (including maintaining records of votes cast) in a manner consistent with the Guidelines. BAIS also conducts research on corporate governance issues and participates in industry discussions to contribute to and keep abreast of important developments in the corporate governance field. BAIS may use third parties for certain of the foregoing activities and performs oversight of those third parties (see “Use and oversight of third-party vote services providers” below).
Voting guidelines and vote execution
BlackRock votes on proxy issues when our clients authorize us to do so. We carefully consider the voting items submitted to funds and other fiduciary account(s) (Fund or Funds) for which we have voting authority. BlackRock votes (or refrains from voting) for each Fund for which we have voting authority based on our evaluation of the alignment of the voting items with the long-term economic interests of our clients, in the exercise of our independent business judgment, and without regard to the relationship of the issuer (or any shareholder proponent or dissident shareholder) to the Fund, the Fund’s affiliates (if any), BlackRock or BlackRock’s affiliates, or BlackRock employees (see “Conflicts management policies and procedures,” below).
When exercising voting rights, BAIS will normally vote on specific proxy issues in accordance with the Guidelines, although portfolio managers have the right to vote differently on their holdings if they determine doing so is more aligned with the investment objective and financial interests of clients invested in the funds they manage.
The Guidelines are not intended to be exhaustive. BAIS applies the Guidelines on a case-by-case basis, in the context of the individual circumstances of each company and the specific issue under review. As such, the Guidelines do not indicate how BAIS will vote in every instance. Rather, they reflect our view about corporate governance issues generally, and provide insight into how we typically approach issues that commonly arise on corporate ballots. The Guidelines are reviewed annually and updated as necessary to reflect changes in market practices, developments in corporate governance and feedback from companies and clients. In this way, BAIS aims to maintain policies that explain our approach to governance practices most aligned with clients’ long-term financial interests.
In certain markets, proxy voting involves logistical issues which can affect BAIS’ ability to vote such proxies, as well as the desirability of voting such proxies. These issues include, but are not limited to: i) untimely notice of shareholder meetings; ii) restrictions on a foreigner’s ability to exercise votes; iii) requirements to vote proxies in person; iv) “share-blocking” (requirements that investors who exercise their voting rights surrender the right to dispose of their holdings for some specified period in proximity to the shareholder meeting); v) potential difficulties in translating the proxy; vi) regulatory constraints; and vii) requirements to provide local agents with unrestricted powers of attorney to facilitate voting instructions. We are not supportive of impediments to the exercise of voting rights such as share-blocking or overly burdensome administrative requirements.
BlackRock votes proxies in these situations on a “best-efforts” basis. In addition, BAIS may determine that it is generally in the interests of BlackRock’s clients not to vote proxies (or not to vote our full allocation) if the costs (including but not limited to opportunity costs associated with share-blocking constraints) associated with exercising a vote are expected to outweigh the benefit the client would derive by voting on the proposal.
Voting Choice
BlackRock offers Voting Choice, a program that provides eligible clients with more opportunities to participate in the proxy voting process where legally and operationally viable.
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Voting Choice is currently available for eligible clients invested in certain institutional pooled funds in the U.S., UK, and Canada that use systematic active equity (SAE) and multi-asset strategies. In addition, institutional clients in separately managed accounts (SMAs) are eligible for BlackRock Voting Choice regardless of their investment strategies.6
As a result, the shares attributed to BlackRock in company share registers may be voted differently depending on whether our clients have authorized BAIS to vote on their behalf, have authorized BlackRock to vote in accordance with a third-party policy, or have elected to vote shares in accordance with their own policy. Our clients have greater control over proxy voting because of Voting Choice. BlackRock does not disclose client information, including a client’s selection of proxy policy, without client consent.
Use and oversight of third-party vote services providers
Third-party vote services providers – or proxy research firms – provide research and recommendations on proxy votes, as well as voting infrastructure. As mentioned previously, BlackRock contracts primarily with the vote services provider ISS and leverages its online platform to supply research and support voting, record keeping, and reporting processes. We also use Glass Lewis’ research and analysis as an input into our voting process. It is important to note that, although proxy research firms provide important data and analysis, BAIS does not rely solely on their information or follow their voting recommendations. A company’s disclosures, our past engagements and voting, investment colleagues’ insights and our voting guidelines are important inputs into our voting decisions on behalf of clients.
Given the large universe of actively held companies, BAIS employs the proxy services provider to streamline the voting process by making voting recommendations based on BAIS’ voting guidelines when the items on a shareholder meeting agenda are routine. Agenda items that are not routine are referred back to BAIS to assess, escalate as necessary to the relevant portfolio managers and vote. BAIS reviews and can override the recommendations of the vote services provider at any time prior to the vote deadline. Both BAIS and the vote services provider actively monitor securities filings, research reports, company announcements, and direct communications from companies to ensure awareness of supplemental disclosures and proxy materials that may require a modification of votes.
BAIS closely monitors the third-party vote services providers we contract with to ensure that they are meeting our service level expectations and have effective policies and procedures in place to manage potential conflicts of interest. Our oversight of service providers includes regular meetings with client service teams, systematic monitoring of vendor operations, as well as annual due diligence meetings in accordance with BlackRock’s firmwide policies.
Conflicts management policies and procedures
BAIS maintains policies and procedures that seek to prevent undue influence on BlackRock’s proxy voting activity. Such influence might stem from any relationship between the investee company (or any shareholder proponent or dissident shareholder) and BlackRock, BlackRock’s affiliates, a Fund or a Fund’s affiliates, or BlackRock employees. The following are examples of sources of perceived or potential conflicts of interest:
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BlackRock clients who may be issuers of securities or proponents of shareholder resolutions
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BlackRock business partners or third parties who may be issuers of securities or proponents of shareholder resolutions
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BlackRock employees who may sit on the boards of public companies held in Funds managed by BlackRock
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Significant BlackRock, Inc. investors who may be issuers of securities held in Funds managed by BlackRock
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Securities of BlackRock, Inc. or BlackRock investment funds held in Funds managed by BlackRock
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BlackRock, Inc. board members who serve as senior executives or directors of public companies held in Funds managed by BlackRock
BlackRock has taken certain steps to mitigate perceived or potential conflicts including, but not limited to, the following:
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Adopted the Guidelines which are designed to advance our clients’ long-term economic interests in the companies in which BlackRock invests on their behalf
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Established a reporting structure that separates BAIS from employees with sales, vendor management, or business partnership roles. In addition, BlackRock seeks to ensure that all engagements with corporate issuers, dissident shareholders or shareholder proponents are managed consistently and without regard to BlackRock’s relationship with such parties. Clients or business partners are not given special treatment or differentiated
6 With Voting Choice, SMAs have the ability to select from a set of voting policies from third-party proxy advisers the policy that best aligns with their views and preferences. BlackRock can then use its proxy voting infrastructure to cast votes based on the client’s selected voting policy.
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access. BAIS prioritizes engagements based on factors including, but not limited to, our need for additional information to make a voting decision or our view on the likelihood that an engagement could lead to positive outcome(s) over time for the economic value of the company. Within the normal course of business, BAIS may engage directly with BlackRock clients, business partners and/or third parties, and/or with employees with sales, vendor management, or business partnership roles, in discussions regarding our approach to stewardship, general corporate governance matters, client reporting needs, and/or to otherwise ensure that proxy-related client service levels are met
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Determined to engage, in certain instances, an independent third-party voting service provider to make proxy voting recommendations as a further safeguard to avoid potential conflicts of interest, to satisfy regulatory compliance requirements, or as may be otherwise required by applicable law. In such circumstances, the independent third-party voting service provider provides BlackRock with recommendations, in accordance with the Guidelines, as to how to vote such proxies. BlackRock uses an independent third-party voting service provider to make proxy voting recommendations for shares of BlackRock, Inc. and companies affiliated with BlackRock, Inc. BlackRock may also use an independent third-party voting service provider to make proxy voting recommendations for:
public companies that include BlackRock employees on their boards of directors
public companies of which a BlackRock, Inc. board member serves as a senior executive or a member of the board of directors
public companies that are the subject of certain transactions involving BlackRock Funds
public companies that are joint venture partners with BlackRock, and
public companies when legal or regulatory requirements compel BlackRock to use an independent third-party voting service provider
In selecting an independent third-party voting service provider, we assess several characteristics, including but not limited to: independence, an ability to analyze proxy issues and make recommendations in the economic interest of our clients in accordance with the Guidelines, reputation for reliability and integrity, and operational capacity to accurately deliver the assigned recommendations in a timely manner. We may engage more than one independent third-party voting service provider, in part to mitigate potential or perceived conflicts of interest at a single voting service provider. The Active Investment Stewardship Oversight Committee appoints and reviews the performance of the independent third-party voting service providers, generally on an annual basis.
Securities lending
When so authorized, BlackRock acts as a securities lending agent on behalf of Funds. Securities lending is a well-regulated practice that contributes to capital market efficiency. It also enables funds to generate additional returns while allowing fund providers to keep fund expenses lower.
With regard to the relationship between securities lending and proxy voting, BlackRock cannot vote shares on loan and may determine to recall them for voting, as guided by our fiduciary duty as an asset manager to our clients in helping them achieve their investment goals. While this has occurred in a limited number of cases, the decision to recall securities on loan as part of BlackRock’s securities lending program in order to vote is based on an evaluation of various factors that include, but are not limited to, assessing potential securities lending revenue alongside the potential long-term financial value to clients of voting those securities (based on the information available at the time of recall consideration). BAIS works with active portfolio managers, as well as colleagues in the Securities Lending and Risk and Quantitative Analysis teams, to evaluate the costs and benefits to clients of recalling shares on loan.
In almost all instances, BlackRock anticipates that the potential long-term financial value to clients of voting shares would not warrant recalling securities on loan. However, in certain instances, BlackRock may determine, in our independent business judgment as a fiduciary, that the value of voting outweighs the securities lending revenue loss to clients and would therefore recall shares to be voted in those instances.
Periodically, BlackRock reviews our process for determining whether to recall securities on loan in order to vote and may modify it as necessary.
Reporting and vote transparency
BAIS is committed to transparency in the stewardship work we do on behalf of clients. We inform clients about our engagement and voting policies and activities through direct communication and disclosure on our website.
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Want to know more?
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The document is provided for information purposes only and is subject to change. Reliance upon this information is at the sole discretion of the reader.
Prepared by BlackRock, Inc.
©2025 BlackRock, Inc. All rights reserved. BLACKROCK is a trademark of BlackRock, Inc., or its subsidiaries in the United States and elsewhere. All other trademarks are those of their respective owners.
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Index Equity Fund Proxy Voting Policy
Procedures Governing Delegation of Proxy Voting to Fund Advisers
Effective Date: January 1, 2025
Applies to the following types of Funds registered under the 1940 Act:
☒ Index Equity Mutual Funds and Exchange-Traded Funds
☐ Open-End Active and Fixed Income Index Mutual Funds and Exchange-Traded Funds
☐ Money Market Funds
☐ Closed-End Funds
☐ Other
Objective and Scope
Set forth below is the Index Equity Fund Proxy Voting Policy.
Policy/Document Requirements and Statements
The Boards of Trustees/Directors (“Directors”) of certain open-end funds (the “Funds”) advised by BlackRock Fund Advisors or BlackRock Advisors, LLC (“BlackRock”), have the responsibility for the oversight of voting proxies relating to portfolio securities of the Funds, and have determined that it is in the best interests of the Funds and their shareholders to delegate the responsibility to vote proxies to BlackRock, subject to the principles outlined in this Policy, as part of BlackRock’s authority to manage, acquire and dispose of account assets, all as contemplated by the Funds’ respective investment management agreements.
BlackRock has adopted the BlackRock Investment Stewardship Global Benchmark Policy (as from time to time amended, the “Guidelines”) governing proxy voting by index equity Funds managed by BlackRock, except for the iShares Core S&P 500 ETF. In addition, BlackRock has adopted guidelines and procedures (as from time to time amended, the “BlackRock Climate and Decarbonization Stewardship Guidelines”) governing proxy voting for matters covered in the BlackRock Climate and Decarbonization Stewardship Guidelines by the Funds listed in Appendix A.
BlackRock will cast votes on behalf of each of the Funds covered by this policy on specific proxy issues in respect of securities held by each such Fund (or may refrain from voting) in accordance with the Guidelines and the BlackRock Climate and Decarbonization Stewardship Guidelines, as applicable.
Conflicts Management
BlackRock Investment Stewardship (“BIS”) maintains policies and procedures that seek to prevent undue influence on BlackRock’s proxy voting activity and to mitigate material conflicts of interest in the exercise of proxy voting responsibilities. Potential material conflicts, and the resultant potential for undue influence, might be due to a relationship between the investee company (or any shareholder proponent or dissident shareholder) and BlackRock, BlackRock’s affiliates or employees, or a Fund or a Fund’s affiliates. BlackRock has taken certain steps to mitigate potential conflicts, which are outlined in detail in the Guidelines. In mitigating conflicts, BIS will adhere to the Guidelines.
In certain instances, BIS will engage an independent third-party voting service provider to make proxy voting recommendations as a further safeguard to avoid potential conflicts of interest, to satisfy regulatory compliance requirements, or as may be otherwise required by applicable law.
With respect to the relationship between securities lending and proxy voting, shares on loan cannot be voted and BlackRock may determine to recall them for voting, as guided by BlackRock’s fiduciary responsibility to act in clients’ financial interests. The Guidelines set forth BlackRock’s approach to recalling securities on loan in connection with proxy voting.
Reports to the Board
BlackRock will report on an annual basis to the Directors on (1) a summary of the proxy voting process as applicable to the Funds covered by this policy in the preceding year together with a representation that all votes were in accordance with the Guidelines and the BlackRock Climate and Decarbonization Stewardship Guidelines, as applicable (2) any material changes to the Guidelines and the BlackRock Climate and Decarbonization Stewardship Guidelines, including material changes to conflicts management practices, that have not previously been reported.
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Appendix A
iShares Climate Conscious & Transition MSCI USA ETF
iShares ESG Advanced MSCI EAFE ETF
iShares ESG Advanced MSCI EM ETF
iShares ESG Advanced MSCI USA ETF
iShares ESG MSCI EM Leaders ETF
iShares ESG MSCI USA Leaders ETF
iShares MSCI ACWI Low Carbon Target ETF
iShares MSCI KLD 400 Social ETF
iShares MSCI USA ESG Select ETF
iShares Paris-Aligned Climate MSCI USA ETF
iShares Paris-Aligned Climate MSCI World ex USA ETF
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BlackRock Investment Stewardship
Global Principles for Benchmark Policies
Effective as of January 2025
BlackRock
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
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The purpose of this document is to provide an overarching explanation of BlackRock’s global approach to our
responsibilities as a shareholder on behalf of our clients, the principles that guide our dialogue with
companies, and our commitments to clients in terms of our own governance and transparency.
 
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Introduction to BlackRock Investment Stewardship
BlackRock’s clients depend on us to help them meet their varied investment goals. We consider it one of our responsibilities to be an informed, engaged shareholder on their behalf, given the business decisions that companies make have a direct impact on our clients’ long-term investment outcomes and financial well-being. BlackRock Investment Stewardship (BIS) is a dedicated function within BlackRock, which is responsible for engaging with public companies on behalf of index strategies. Investment Stewardship is one of the ways we fulfill our fiduciary responsibilities as an asset manager to our clients. Our sole objective when conducting our stewardship program is to advance our clients’ long-term financial interests.1
BIS takes a long-term approach in our stewardship efforts, reflecting the investment horizons of the majority of our clients. BIS does this through:
1.
Engaging with companies in a two-way dialogue to build our understanding of a company’s practices and inform our voting decisions.
2.
Voting at shareholder meetings on management and shareholder proposals on behalf of clients who have delegated voting authority to BlackRock.
3.
Contributing to industry dialogue on stewardship to share our perspectives on matters that may impact our clients’ investments.
4.
Reporting on our activities to inform clients about our stewardship efforts on their behalf through a range of publications and direct reporting.
Philosophy on investment Stewardship
Sound governance is critical to the success of a company, the protection of investors’ interests, and long-term financial value creation. Research indicates that high-performing companies will effectively evaluate and address risks and opportunities relevant to their businesses, which supports durable, long-term financial value creation.2
Setting, executing, and overseeing strategy are the responsibility of management and the board. As one of many minority shareholders, BlackRock cannot – and does not try to – direct a company’s strategy or its implementation. Our role, on behalf of BlackRock’s clients as long-term investors, is to better understand how corporate leadership is managing material risks and capitalizing on opportunities to help protect and enhance the company’s ability to deliver long-term financial returns. We aim to take a globally consistent approach, while recognizing the unique markets and sectors in which companies operate.
Shareholder rights
Corporate law, regulations and listing rules in most markets establish certain fundamental rights attached to shareholding. Shareholders should have the right to:
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Elect, remove, and nominate directors, approve the appointment of the auditor, and amend the corporate charter or by-laws.
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Vote on key board decisions that are material to the protection of their investment, including but not limited to, changes to the purpose of the business, dilution levels and pre-emptive rights, and the distribution of income and capital structure.
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Access sufficient and timely information on material governance, strategic, and business matters to make informed decisions.
1 BIS’ Benchmark Policies, and the vote decisions made consistent with these policies, take a financial materiality-based approach and are focused solely on advancing clients’ financial interests. BIS’ Benchmark Policies – comprised of the BIS Global Principles, regional voting guidelines, and engagement priorities – apply to clients’ assets invested through index strategies and provide guidance on our position on common corporate governance matters. We take a globally consistent approach, while recognizing the unique markets and sectors in which companies operate. BlackRock offers a wide range of investment products and funds to support our clients’ unique and varied investment objectives. Other materials on the BIS website might also provide useful context.
2 PwC, “The 3 things all high-performing companies do”. Harvard Business Review, “6 Strategic Concepts That Set High-Performing Companies Apart”, March 2024.
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To protect the interest of minority shareholders like BlackRock’s clients, BIS holds the view that shareholder voting rights should be proportionate to economic ownership—the principle of “one share, one vote” helps to achieve this balance.
Stewardship in practice
The assets BlackRock manages belong to our clients, which include public and private pension plans, insurers, official institutions, endowments, universities, charities, family offices, wealth managers, and ultimately, the individual investors that they serve. Through stewardship, we assess how companies are creating long-term financial value to serve our clients, many of whom are saving for long-term goals, such as retirement.
As shareholders of public companies, our clients have the right to vote on matters proposed by a company’s management or its shareholders. Voting is an important mechanism for investors to express support for, or concern about, a company’s performance and most of our clients authorize BlackRock to exercise this right on their behalf. For those clients, and as a fiduciary, BlackRock is legally required to make proxy voting determinations in a manner that is consistent with their investment objectives. BIS does this by casting votes in favor of proposals that, in our assessment, will promote stronger governance and better operating practices and, in turn, potentially enhance long-term shareholder value. Our vote decisions are informed by our in-depth analysis of company disclosures, engagement with boards and management teams, third-party research, and comparisons against a company’s industry peers.
BIS takes a constructive, long-term approach to our engagement with companies, reflecting the investment horizons of the majority of our clients. An engagement is a meeting between BIS and a company’s board and management that helps improve our understanding of the company’s business model and material risks and opportunities, to inform our voting decisions on behalf of clients who authorize us to vote on their behalf. In these two-way conversations, we listen to and learn directly from company directors and executives and ask questions relevant to their business. Either a company or BIS can request an engagement. Many of the engagements are initiated by companies to discuss their long-term strategy, risk and opportunity set, and management’s plan to deliver financial returns through business cycles. The ongoing, multiyear nature of our engagements allows us to build strong relationships with company leadership and mutual understanding on key matters of corporate governance and the drivers of long-term financial performance.
Generally, we support the vote recommendations of the board of directors and management. In case of concerns, we typically raise these through dialogue with board members and management teams first. When we determine it is in our clients’ financial interests to convey concern to companies through voting, we do so in two forms: we might not support the election of directors or other management proposals, or we might not support management’s voting recommendation on a shareholder proposal.
Key Themes
While accepted standards and norms of corporate governance can differ between markets, in our experience, there are certain globally applicable fundamental elements of corporate governance that contribute to a company’s ability to create long-term financial value for shareholders. These global themes are set out in this overarching set of principles (the “Principles”), which are anchored in transparency and accountability.
At a minimum, it is our view that companies should observe the accepted corporate governance standards in their domestic market,3 and we ask that, if they do not, they explain how their approach better supports durable, long-term financial value creation.
These Principles cover seven key subjects:
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Boards and directors
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Auditors and audit-related issues
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Capital structure, mergers, asset sales, and other special transactions
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Executive compensation
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Material sustainability-related risks and opportunities
3 Our regional voting guidelines, which we publish on the BIS website, reflect these different market standards and norms. Depending on the market, generally accepted practice is informed by corporate law, market regulation, best practices, and industry initiatives, amongst other factors.
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Other corporate governance matters and shareholder protections
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Shareholder proposals
Our regional and market-specific voting guidelines explain how these Principles inform our voting decisions in relation to common ballot items for shareholder meetings in those markets. Alongside the Principles and regional voting guidelines, BIS publishes our engagement priorities which reflect the five themes on which we most frequently engage companies, where they are relevant, as these can be a source of material business risk or opportunity. Collectively, these BIS policies set out the core elements of corporate governance that guide our investment stewardship program globally and within each market. The BIS policies are not prescriptive, applied on a pragmatic, case-by-case basis, taking into consideration a number of factors, including the sector, market, and business environment within which a company is operating.
Boards and directors
Companies whose boards are comprised of appropriately qualified, engaged directors with professional characteristics relevant to a company’s business enhance the ability of the board to add value and be the voice of shareholders in board discussions. A strong board gives a company a competitive advantage, providing valuable oversight and contributing to the most important management decisions that support long-term financial performance. As part of their responsibilities, board members have a fiduciary duty to shareholders to oversee the strategic direction, operations, and risk management of a company. This is why our investment stewardship efforts have always started with the performance of the board of directors, and why we see engagement with, and the election of, directors as one of our most important responsibilities. We engage, as necessary, with members of the board’s nominating and/or governance committee to assess whether governance practices and board composition are appropriate given a company’s business model and we take into consideration a number of factors, including the sector, market, and business environment within which a company is operating.
We view it as good practice when the board establishes and maintains a framework of robust and effective governance mechanisms to support its oversight of the company’s strategy and operations consistent with the long-term economic interests of investors. There should be clear descriptions of the role of the board and the committees of the board and how directors engage with and oversee management. Disclosure of material risks that may affect a company’s long-term strategy and financial value creation, including material sustainability-related factors when relevant, is helpful for investors to appropriately understand and assess how effectively management is identifying, managing, and mitigating such risks.
We seek to understand management’s long-term strategy and the milestones against which investors should assess its implementation. If any strategic targets are significantly missed or materially restated, we find it helpful when company disclosures provide a detailed explanation of the changes and an indication of the board’s role in reviewing the revised targets. We look to the board to articulate the effectiveness of these mechanisms in overseeing the management of business risks and opportunities and the fulfillment of the company’s strategy.
Where a company has not adequately disclosed and demonstrated that its board has fulfilled these corporate governance and risk oversight responsibilities, we may consider voting against the election of directors who, on our assessment, have particular responsibility for the issues. We assess director performance on a case-by-case basis and in light of each company’s circumstances, taking into consideration its governance, business practices that support durable, long-term financial value creation, and performance. Set out below are factors we may take into consideration.
Regular accountability through director elections
To ensure accountability for their actions on behalf of shareholders, directors should stand for election on a regular basis, ideally annually.4 Annual director elections allow shareholders to reaffirm their support for board members and/or hold them accountable for their decisions in a timely manner. When board members are not elected annually, in our experience, it is good practice for boards to have a rotation policy to ensure that, through a board cycle, all directors have had their appointment re-confirmed, with a proportion of directors being put forward for election at each annual general meeting.
4 In most markets directors stand for re-election on an annual or triennial basis, as determined by corporate law, market regulation or voluntary best practice.
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Effective board composition
Regular director elections also give boards the opportunity to adjust their composition in an orderly way to reflect developments in the company’s strategy and the market environment. In our view, it is beneficial for new directors to be brought onto the board periodically to refresh the group’s thinking, while supporting both continuity and appropriate succession planning. We consider the average overall tenure of the board and seek a balance between the knowledge and experience of longer-serving directors and the fresh perspectives of directors who joined more recently.
We encourage companies to regularly review the effectiveness of their board (including its size), and assess directors nominated for election in the context of the composition of the board as a whole. In our view, the company’s assessment should consider a number of factors, including each director’s independence and time commitments, as well as the breadth and relevance of director experiences and skillsets, and how these collectively contribute to the board’s effectiveness in advising and overseeing management in delivering long-term financial returns.
Director independence – from management, significant shareholders, or other related parties – is a central tenet of sound corporate governance across markets.5 We encourage boards to have a sufficient number of independent directors, free from conflicts of interest or undue influence, to ensure objectivity in the decision-making of the board and its ability to oversee management. We generally consider it good practice for independent directors to make a majority of the board, or in the case of controlled companies, at least one-third.
Common impediments to independence may include but are not limited to:
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Current or recent employment at the company or a subsidiary
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Being, or representing, a shareholder with a substantial shareholding in the company
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Interlocking directorships
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Having any other interest, business, or other relationship which could, or could reasonably be perceived to, materially interfere with a director’s ability to act in the best interests of the company and shareholders
In our experience, boards are most effective at overseeing and advising management when there is a senior, independent board leader. This director may chair the board, or, where the chair is also the CEO (or is otherwise not independent), be designated as a lead independent director. The role of this director is to enhance the effectiveness of the independent members of the board through shaping the agenda, ensuring adequate information is provided to the board, and encouraging independent director participation in board deliberations. The lead independent director or another appropriate director should be available to meet with shareholders in those situations where an independent director is best placed to explain and contextualize a company’s approach.
There are matters for which the board has responsibility that may involve a conflict of interest for executives or for affiliated directors or require additional focus. It is our view that objective oversight of such matters is best achieved when the board forms committees with a majority of independent directors, depending on market norms and a company’s ownership structure. In many markets, these committees of the board specialize in audit, director nominations, and compensation matters. An ad hoc committee might also be formed to decide on a special transaction, particularly one involving a related party, or to investigate a significant adverse event.
When nominating directors to the board, we look to companies to provide sufficient information on the individual candidates so that shareholders can assess the capabilities and suitability of each individual nominee and their fit within overall board composition. These disclosures should give an understanding of how the collective experience and expertise of the board, as well as the particular skill sets of individual directors, aligns with the company’s long-term strategy and business model. Highly qualified, engaged directors with professional characteristics relevant to a company’s business and strategy enhance the ability of the board to add value and be the voice of shareholders in board discussions.
It is in this context that we are interested in a variety of experiences, perspectives, and skillsets in the board room. We see it as a means of promoting diversity of thought to avoid “group think” in the board’s exercise of its responsibilities to advise and oversee management.
5 Please see: Tokyo Stock Exchange. “Japan’s Corporate Governance Code.” June 11, 2021; Financial Reporting Council. “UK Corporate Governance Code.” July 16, 2018; Investor Stewardship Group. “Corporate Governance Principles for US Listed Companies.”
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In assessing board composition, we take a case-by-case approach based on a company’s board size, business model, strategy, location and market capitalization. We look for companies to explain how their approach to board composition supports the company’s governance practices.
We note that in many markets, policymakers have set board gender diversity goals which we may discuss with companies, particularly if there is a risk their board composition may be misaligned. We ask boards to disclose, consistent with local laws, how diversity, including professional and personal characteristics, is considered in board composition, given the company’s long-term strategy and business model.6
Sufficient capacity
As the role and expectations of a director are increasingly demanding, directors must be able to commit an appropriate amount of time to board and committee matters. It is important that directors have the capacity to meet all of their responsibilities – including when there are unforeseen events – and therefore, they should not take on an excessive number of roles that would impair their ability to fulfill their duties.
Auditors and audit-related issues
BlackRock recognizes the critical importance of financial statements, which should provide a true and fair picture of a company’s financial condition. Accordingly, we look for the assumptions made by management and reviewed by the auditor in preparing the financial statements to be reasonable and justified.
The accuracy of financial statements, inclusive of financial and non-financial information as required or permitted under market-specific accounting rules, is of paramount importance to BlackRock. Investors increasingly recognize that a broader range of risks and opportunities have the potential to materially impact financial performance. Over time, we anticipate investors and other users of company reporting will increasingly seek to understand and scrutinize the assumptions underlying financial statements, particularly those that pertain to the impact of the transition to a low-carbon economy on a company’s business model and asset mix. We recognize that this is an area of evolving practice and note that international standards setters, such as the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Board and the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB), continue to develop their guidance to companies.7
In this context, audit committees, or equivalent, play a vital role in a company’s financial reporting system by providing independent oversight of the accounts, material financial and, where appropriate to the jurisdiction, non-financial information and internal control frameworks. Moreover, in the absence of a dedicated risk committee, these committees can provide oversight of Enterprise Risk Management systems.8 In our view, effective audit committee oversight strengthens the quality and reliability of a company’s financial statements and provides an important level of reassurance to shareholders.
Audit committees or equivalent should have clearly articulated charters that set out their responsibilities and have a rotation plan in place that allows for a periodic refreshment of the committee membership to introduce fresh perspectives to audit oversight. We recognize that audit committees will rely on management, internal audit, and the independent auditor in fulfilling their responsibilities but look to committee members to demonstrate they have relevant expertise to monitor and oversee the audit process and related activities.
We take particular note of unexplained changes in reporting methodology, cases involving significant financial restatements, or ad hoc notifications of material financial weakness. In this respect, audit committees should provide timely disclosure on the remediation of Key and Critical Audit Matters identified either by the external auditor or internal audit function.
6 Personal characteristics may include, but are not limited to, gender; race/ethnicity; disability; veteran status; LGBTQ+; and national, Indigenous, religious, or cultural identity.
7 IFRS, “IFRS S1 General Requirements for Disclosure of Sustainability-related Financial Information”, June 2023, and IAASB, “IAASB Launches Public Consultation on Landmark Proposed Global Sustainability Assurance Standard”, August 2023.
8 Enterprise risk management is a process, effected by the entity’s board of directors, management, and other personnel, applied in strategy setting and across the enterprise, designed to identify potential events that may affect the entity, and manage risk to be within the risk appetite, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of objectives. Please see the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), “Enterprise Risk Management”, 2023.
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The integrity of financial statements depends on the auditor being free of any impediments to being an effective check on management. To that end, it is important that auditors are, and are seen to be, independent. Where an audit firm provides services to the company in addition to the audit, we look for the fees earned to be disclosed and explained. We look for Audit committees to have in place a procedure for assessing annually the independence of the auditor and the quality of the external audit process.
Comprehensive disclosure provides investors with a sense of the company’s long-term operational risk management practices and, more broadly, the quality of the board’s oversight. We look to the audit or risk committee to periodically review the company’s risk assessment and risk management policies and the significant risks and exposures identified by management, the internal auditors or the independent auditors and management’s steps to address them. In the absence of detailed disclosures, we may reasonably conclude that companies are not adequately managing risk.
Capital structure, mergers, asset sales, and other special transactions
The capital structure of a company is critical to shareholders as it impacts the value of their investment and the priority of their interest in the company relative to that of other equity or debt investors. Pre-emptive rights are a key protection for shareholders against the dilution of their interests.
Effective voting rights are basic rights of share ownership and a core principle of effective governance. Shareholders, as the residual claimants, have the strongest interest in protecting the financial value of the company, and voting rights should match economic exposure, i.e. one share, one vote.
In principle, we disagree with the creation of a share class with equivalent economic exposure and preferential, differentiated voting rights. In our view, this structure violates the fundamental corporate governance principle of proportionality and results in a concentration of power in the hands of a few shareholders, thus disenfranchising other shareholders and amplifying any potential conflicts of interest. However, we recognize that in certain markets, at least for a period of time, companies may have a valid argument for listing dual classes of shares with differentiated voting rights. In our view, such companies should review these share class structures on a regular basis or as company circumstances change. Additionally, they should seek shareholder approval of their capital structure on a periodic basis via a management proposal at the company’s shareholder meeting. The proposal should give unaffiliated shareholders the opportunity to affirm the current structure or establish mechanisms to end or phase out controlling structures at the appropriate time, while minimizing costs to shareholders.
In assessing mergers, asset sales, or other special transactions, BlackRock’s primary consideration is the long-term economic interests of our clients as shareholders. Boards proposing a transaction should clearly explain the economic and strategic rationale behind it. We will review a proposed transaction to determine the degree to which it can enhance long-term shareholder value. We find long-term investors like our clients typically benefit when proposed transactions have the unanimous support of the board and have been negotiated at arm’s length. We may seek reassurance from the board that the financial interests of executives and/or board members in a given transaction have not adversely affected their ability to place shareholders’ interests before their own. Where the transaction involves related parties, the recommendation to support should come from the independent directors, a best practice in most markets, and ideally, the terms should have been assessed through an independent appraisal process. In addition, it is good practice that it be approved by a separate vote of the non-conflicted parties.
As a matter of sound governance practice, shareholders should have a right to dispose of company shares in the open market without unnecessary restriction. In our view, corporate mechanisms designed to limit shareholders’ ability to sell their shares are contrary to basic property rights. Such mechanisms can serve to protect and entrench interests other than those of the shareholders. In our view, shareholders are broadly capable of making decisions in their own best interests. We encourage any so-called “shareholder rights plans” proposed by a board to be subject to shareholder approval upon introduction and periodically thereafter.
Executive compensation
In most markets, one of the most important roles for a company’s board of directors is to put in place a compensation structure that incentivizes and rewards executives appropriately. Executive compensation is an important tool used by companies to support long-term financial value creation. In our experience, well-structured compensation policies reward the successful delivery of strategic, operational, and/or financial goals, encourage an appropriate risk appetite, and align the interests of shareholders and executives through equity ownership.
We look for there to be a clear link between variable pay and operational and financial performance. Performance metrics should be stretching and aligned with a company’s strategy and business model. BIS does not
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have a position on whether companies should use sustainability-related criteria in compensation structures, but, where they are included, we look to companies to be as rigorous as they would be in setting other financial or operational targets. Long-term incentive plans should encompass timeframes that 1) are distinct from annual executive compensation structures and metrics, and 2) encourage the delivery of strong financial results over a period of years.
When designing, reviewing, and approving executive compensation policies, board compensation committees – or board members responsible for setting executive compensation – should carefully consider the company’s specific circumstances, such as its risk profile, the environment in which it operates, and the individuals the board is trying to attract, retain and incentivize. We look to the compensation committees to guard against contractual arrangements that would entitle executives to material compensation for early termination of their employment. Finally, pension contributions and other deferred compensation arrangements should be reasonable in light of market practices or the company’s business and executive compensation strategies.
We are not supportive of one-off or special bonuses unrelated to company or individual performance. Where discretion has been used by the compensation committee or its equivalent, we appreciate disclosure relating to how and why the discretion was used, and how the adjusted outcome is aligned with the interests of shareholders. We acknowledge that the use of peer group evaluation by compensation committees can help ensure competitive pay; however, we are concerned when the rationale for increases in total compensation at a company is solely based on peer benchmarking, rather than also considering rigorous measures of outperformance. We encourage companies to clearly explain how compensation outcomes have rewarded performance.
We encourage boards to consider building clawback provisions into incentive plans such that companies could clawback compensation or require executives to forgo awards when compensation was based on faulty financial statements or deceptive business practices. We also favor recoupment from or the foregoing of the grant of any awards by any senior executive whose behavior caused material financial harm to shareholders, material reputational risk to the company, or resulted in a criminal investigation, even if such actions did not ultimately result in a material restatement of past results.
In our view, non-executive directors should be compensated in a manner that is commensurate with the time and effort expended in fulfilling their professional responsibilities. Additionally, these compensation arrangements should not risk compromising directors’ independence or aligning their interests too closely with those of the management, whom they are charged with overseeing.
BIS may convey concerns through not supporting management’s proposals to approve compensation, where they are on the agenda. We may also vote against members of the compensation committee or equivalent board members for poor compensation practices or structures.
Material sustainability-related risks and opportunities
It is our view that well-managed companies will effectively evaluate and manage material sustainability-related risks and opportunities relevant to their businesses.9 As with all risks and opportunities in a company’s business model, appropriate oversight of material sustainability considerations is a core component of having an effective governance framework that supports durable, long-term financial value creation.
9 By material sustainability-related risks and opportunities, we mean the drivers of risk and financial value creation in a company’s business model that have an environmental or social dependency or impact. Examples of environmental issues include, but are not limited to, water use, land use, waste management, and climate risk. Examples of social issues include, but are not limited to, human capital management, impacts on the communities in which a company operates, customer loyalty, and relationships with regulators.
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Robust disclosure allows investors to effectively evaluate companies’ strategy and business practices related to material sustainability-related risks and opportunities. We find it helpful when companies’ disclosures demonstrate that they have a resilient business model that integrates material sustainability-related risks and opportunities into their strategy, risk management, and metrics and targets, including industry-specific metrics. The International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) standards, IFRS S1 and S210 may prove helpful to companies in preparing this disclosure. The standards build on the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) framework and the standards and metrics developed by the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), which have both converged under the ISSB. We recognize that companies may phase in reporting aligned with the ISSB standards over several years. We also recognize that some companies may report using different standards, which may be required by regulation, or one of a number of voluntary standards. In such cases, we ask that companies highlight the metrics that are industry- or company-specific.
We note that climate and other sustainability-related disclosures often require companies to collect and aggregate data from various internal and external sources. We recognize that the practical realities of data collection and reporting may not line up with financial reporting cycles and companies may require additional time after their fiscal year-end to accurately collect, analyze, and report this data to investors. That said, while we do not prescribe timelines regarding when companies make these disclosures, we encourage them to produce climate and other sustainability-related disclosures sufficiently in advance of their annual meeting, to the best of their abilities to provide investors with time to assess the data and make informed decisions.
Companies may also choose to adopt or refer to guidance on sustainable and responsible business conduct issued by supranational organizations such as the United Nations or the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Further, industry initiatives on managing specific operational risks may provide useful guidance to companies on best practices and disclosures. While not a voting item, we find it helpful to our understanding of investment risk when companies disclose any relevant global climate and other sustainability-related standards adopted, the industry initiatives in which they participate, any peer group benchmarking undertaken, and any assurance processes to help investors understand their approach to sustainable and responsible business practices.
10 The objective of IFRS S1 General Requirements for Disclosure of Sustainability-related Financial Information is to require an entity to disclose information about its sustainability-related risks and opportunities that is useful to primary users of general-purpose financial reports in making decisions relating to providing resources to the entity. The objective of IFRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures is to require an entity to disclose information about its climate-related risks and opportunities that is useful to primary users of general-purpose financial reports in making decisions relating to providing resources to the entity.
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Climate and nature-related risk
In our view, the transition to a low-carbon economy is one of several mega forces reshaping markets.11 Our research shows that the low-carbon transition is a structural shift in the global economy that will be shaped by changes in government policies, technology, and consumer and investor preferences, which may be material for many companies.12 Yet the path to a low-carbon economy is uncertain and uneven, with different parts of the economy moving at different speeds. BIS recognizes that it can be challenging for companies to predict the impact of climate-related risk and opportunity on their businesses and operating environments. Many companies are assessing how to navigate the low-carbon transition while delivering long-term financial value to investors. At companies where these climate-related risks are material, we find it helpful when they publicly disclose, consistent with their business model and sector, how they intend to deliver long-term financial performance through the transition to a low-carbon economy, including where available, their transition plan.13
In our experience, disclosure consistent with the ISSB standards or the TCFD framework can help investors assess company-specific climate-related risks and opportunities, and inform investment decisions.14 Such disclosures also provide investors with insights into how companies are managing the risks associated with climate change by managing their own carbon emissions or emissions intensities to the extent financially practicable. Recognizing the value of these disclosures, in some jurisdictions, like the U.K, large companies must disclose such climate-related financial information on a mandatory basis, while in other jurisdictions these disclosures are viewed as best practice in the market.
Consistent with the ISSB standards and the TCFD framework, we seek to understand, from company disclosures and engagement, the strategies companies have in place to manage material risks to, and opportunities for, their long-term business model associated with a range of climate-related scenarios. This includes a scenario in which global warming is limited to well below 2°C, considering ambitions to achieve a limit of 1.5°C, the temperature goal recently reaffirmed by G20 members as part of the 2024 Leader’s Declaration.15
These frameworks also contemplate disclosures on how companies are setting short-, medium- and long-term targets, ideally science-based where these are available for their sector, for scope 1 and 2 greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) reductions and to demonstrate how their targets are consistent with the long-term financial interests of their investors.
While we recognize that regulators in some markets are moving to mandate certain disclosures, at this stage, we view scope 3 emissions differently from scopes 1 and 2, given methodological complexity, regulatory uncertainty,
11 BlackRock Investment Institute, “Mega forces: An investment opportunity”, 2023.
12 BlackRock Investment Institute, “Tracking the low-carbon transition”, July 2023.
13 We have observed that more companies are developing such plans, and public policymakers in a number of markets are signaling their intentions to require them or already have requirements in place, such as Australia, Brazil, and the European Union. We view transition plans as a method for a company to both internally assess and externally communicate its long-term strategy, ambition, objectives, and actions to create financial value through the global transition towards a low-carbon economy. Transition plans are building momentum internationally, with increased focus from policy makers and supervisors, including in the EU, UK, G7, G20, and from the financial industry. While many initiatives across jurisdictions outline a framework for transition plans, there is no consensus on the key elements these plans should contain. We view useful disclosure as one that communicates a company’s approach to managing financially material business relevant risks and opportunities – including climate-related risks – to deliver long-term financial performance, which allows investors to make more informed decisions. While transition plans can be helpful disclosure, BIS does not make the preparation and production of transition plans a voting issue. BIS may engage companies that have chosen to publish a transition plan to understand their planned actions and resource implications.
14 BlackRock, “Global perspectives on investing in the low-carbon transition”, June 2023. We recognize that companies may phase in reporting aligned with the ISSB standards over several years, depending on local requirements. We also recognize and respect that some companies may report using different local standards, which may be required by regulation, or one of a number of voluntary standards. In such cases, we ask that companies disclose their rationale for reporting in line with the specific disclosure framework chosen and highlight the metrics that are industry- or company-specific.
15 In November 2024, G20 members reaffirmed the Paris Agreement temperature goal as part of the Leader’s Declaration. G20 members include the world’s major economies (19 countries and two regional bodies, the European Union and African Union), representing 85% of global Gross Domestic Product, over 75% of international trade, and about two-thirds of the world population.
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concerns about double-counting, and lack of direct control by companies. We welcome disclosures and commitments companies choose to make regarding material scope 3 emissions and recognize these are provided on a good-faith basis as methodology develops. Our publicly available commentary provides more information on our approach to climate-related risks and opportunities.
In addition to climate-related risks and opportunities, the management of nature-related factors is increasingly a component of some companies’ ability to generate durable, long-term financial returns for shareholders, particularly where a company’s strategy is heavily reliant on the availability of natural capital, or whose supply chains are exposed to locations with nature-related risks. We look for such companies to disclose how they manage any reliance and impact on, as well as use of, natural capital, including appropriate risk oversight and relevant metrics and targets, to understand how these factors are integrated into strategy. We will evaluate these disclosures to inform our view of how a company is managing material nature-related risks and opportunities. We rely on company disclosures when determining how to vote on shareholder proposals addressing natural capital issues. Our publicly available commentary provides more information on our approach to natural capital.16
Companies’ impact on their workforce, supply chains, and communities
In order to advance long-term shareholders’ interests, companies should consider the interests of the various parties on whom they depend for their success over time. It is for each company to determine their key stakeholders based on what is material to their business and long-term financial performance. For many companies, key stakeholders include employees, business partners (such as suppliers and distributors), clients and consumers, regulators, and the communities in which they operate.
As a long-term shareholder on behalf of our clients, we find it helpful when companies disclose how they have identified their key stakeholders and considered their interests in business decision-making. In addition to understanding broader stakeholder relationships, BIS finds it helpful when companies discuss how they consider the needs of their workforce today, and the skills required for their future business strategy. We are also interested to understand how the board monitors and engages on these matters, given it is well positioned to ensure that the approach taken by management is informed by and aligns with the company’s strategy.
Companies should articulate how they address material adverse impacts that could arise from their business practices and affect critical relationships with their stakeholders. We encourage companies to implement, to the extent appropriate, monitoring processes (often referred to as due diligence) to identify and mitigate potential adverse impacts and grievance mechanisms to remediate any actual adverse material impacts. In our view, maintaining trust within these relationships can contribute to a company’s long-term success.
Other corporate governance matters and shareholder protections
In our view, shareholders have a right to material and timely information on the financial performance and viability of the companies in which they invest. In addition, companies should publish information on the governance structures in place and the rights of shareholders to influence these structures. The reporting and disclosure provided by companies help shareholders assess the effectiveness of the board’s oversight of management and whether investors’ economic interests have been protected. As a general principle, we believe shareholders should have the right to vote on key corporate governance matters, including changes to governance mechanisms, to submit proposals to the shareholders’ meeting, and to call special meetings of shareholders.
16 Given the growing awareness of the materiality of these issues for certain businesses, enhanced reporting on a company’s natural capital dependencies and impacts would aid investors’ understanding. In our view, the final recommendations of the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) may prove useful to some companies. We recognize that some companies may report using different standards, which may be required by regulation, or one of a number of other private sector standards. TNFD-aligned reporting is not a voting issue.
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Corporate form
In our view, it is the responsibility of the board to determine the corporate form that is most appropriate given the company’s purpose and business model.17 Companies proposing to change their corporate form to a public benefit corporation or similar entity should put it to a shareholder vote if not already required to do so under applicable law. We appreciate when supporting documentation from companies or shareholder proponents proposing to alter the corporate form clearly explains how the interests of shareholders and different stakeholders would be impacted as well as the accountability and voting mechanisms that would be available to shareholders. We generally support management proposals if our analysis indicates that shareholders’ economic interests are adequately protected. Relevant shareholder proposals are evaluated on a case-by-case basis.
Shareholder proposals
In most markets in which BlackRock invests on behalf of clients, shareholders have the right to submit proposals to be voted on at a company’s annual or extraordinary meeting, as long as eligibility and procedural requirements are met. The matters that we see put forward by shareholders address a wide range of topics, including governance reforms, capital management, and improvements in the management or disclosure of sustainability-related risks.
BlackRock is subject to legal and regulatory requirements in the U.S. that place restrictions and limitations on how BlackRock can interact with the companies in which we invest on behalf of our clients, including our ability to submit shareholder proposals. We can vote, on behalf of clients who authorize us to do so, on proposals put forth by others.
When assessing shareholder proposals, we evaluate each proposal on its merit, considering the company’s individual circumstances and maintaining a singular focus on the proposal’s implications for long-term financial value creation. BIS’ evaluation considers whether a shareholder proposal addresses a material risk that, if left unmanaged, may impact a company’s long-term performance. We look for consistency between the specific request formally made in the proposal, the supporting documentation, and the proponents’ other communications on the issues. We also assess the company’s practices and disclosures and the costs and benefits to the company of meeting the request made in the proposal. We take into consideration a company’s governance practices and disclosures against those of their peers.
In our experience, it is helpful when companies disclose the names of the proponent or organization that has submitted or advised on the proposal.
We would not support proposals that we believe would result in over-reaching into the basic business decisions of the company, are unduly prescriptive or constraining on management. We take into consideration the legal effect of the proposal, as shareholder proposals may be advisory or legally binding depending on the jurisdiction, while others may make requests that would be deemed illegal in a given jurisdiction.
BIS is likely to support shareholder proposals that request disclosures that help us, as long-term investors on behalf of our clients, better understand the material risks and opportunities companies face and how they are managing them, especially where this information is additive given the company’s existing disclosures. We may also support shareholder proposals that are focused on a material business risk that we agree needs to be addressed and the intended outcome is consistent with long-term financial value creation.
We recognize that some shareholder proposals bundle topics and/or specific requests. Further, the proponent’s supporting statement may refer to topics that are not directly related to the request made in the proposal. In voting on behalf of clients, we do not submit or edit proposals or the supporting statements – we must vote yes or no on the proposal as phrased by the proponent. Therefore, when we vote in support of a proposal, we are not necessarily endorsing every element of the proposal or the reasoning, objectives, or supporting statement of the proponent. We may support a proposal for different reasons from those put forth by the proponent, when we believe that, overall, it can advance our clients’ long-term financial interests. We typically explain to the company our rationale for supporting such proposals.
Alternatively, or in addition, we may vote against the election of one or more directors if, in our assessment, the board has not responded sufficiently or with an appropriate sense of urgency to a material risk. We may also support a proposal if management is on track, but we believe that voting in favor might accelerate efforts to address a material risk.
17 Corporate form refers to the legal structure by which a business is organized.
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BlackRock’s oversight of its investment stewardship activities
Oversight
BlackRock maintains advisory committees (Stewardship Advisory Committees), generally consisting of senior BlackRock index investment professionals and/or senior employees with practical boardroom experience. The Stewardship Advisory Committees review and advise on amendments to BIS regional proxy voting guidelines (the Guidelines). The advisory committees do not determine voting decisions, which are the responsibility of BIS.
In addition to the Stewardship Advisory Committees, the Investment Stewardship Global Oversight Committee (Global Oversight Committee) is a risk-focused committee, comprised of the Global Head of Investment Stewardship (Global Head), and senior BlackRock executives with legal, risk and other experience relevant to team oversight. The Global Committee does not determine voting decisions, which are the responsibility of BIS.
The Global Head has primary oversight of the activities of BIS, including voting in accordance with the Guidelines, which require the application of professional judgment and consideration of each company’s unique circumstances. The Global Committee reviews and approves amendments to these Principles. The Global Committee also reviews and approves amendments to the regional Guidelines.
In addition, the Global Committee receives and reviews periodic reports regarding the votes cast by BIS, as well as updates on material process issues, procedural changes, and other risk oversight considerations. The Global Committee reviews these reports in an oversight capacity as informed by the Guidelines.
BIS carries out engagement with companies, executes proxy votes, and conducts vote operations (including maintaining records of votes cast) in a manner consistent with the relevant Guidelines. BIS also conducts research on corporate governance issues and participates in industry discussions to contribute to and keep abreast of important developments in the corporate governance field. BIS may utilize third parties for certain of the foregoing activities and performs oversight of those third parties. BIS may discuss complicated or particularly controversial matters with senior specialists internally, on an advisory basis, prior to making a voting decision.
Voting guidelines and vote execution
BlackRock votes on proxy issues when our clients authorize us to do so. We carefully consider proxies submitted to funds and other fiduciary account(s) (Fund or Funds) for which we have voting authority. BlackRock votes (or refrains from voting) proxies for each Fund for which we have voting authority based on our evaluation of the alignment of the voting items with the long-term economic interests of our clients, in the exercise of our independent business judgment, and without regard to the relationship of the issuer of the proxy (or any shareholder proponent or dissident shareholder) to the Fund, the Fund’s affiliates (if any), BlackRock or BlackRock’s affiliates, or BlackRock employees (see “Conflicts management policies and procedures,” below).
When exercising voting rights, BIS will normally vote on specific proxy issues in accordance with the Guidelines for the relevant market, as well as the Principles. The voting guidelines published for each region/country in which we vote are intended to summarize BlackRock’s general philosophy and approach to issues that may commonly arise in the proxy voting context in each market where we invest. The Guidelines are not intended to be exhaustive. BIS applies the Guidelines on a case-by-case basis, in the context of the individual circumstances of each company and the specific issue under review. As such, the Guidelines do not indicate how BIS will vote in every instance. Rather, they reflect our view about corporate governance issues generally, and provide insight into how we typically approach issues that commonly arise on corporate ballots. The Guidelines are reviewed annually and updated as necessary to reflect changes in market practices, developments in corporate governance and feedback from companies and clients. In this way, BIS aims to maintain policies that explain our approach to governance practices most aligned with clients’ long-term financial interests. BIS analysts may exercise their professional judgment in determining how to vote if they conclude that the Guidelines do not cover the specific matter raised by a ballot item or that an exception to the Guidelines would be in the long-term economic interests of BlackRock’s clients.
In certain markets, proxy voting involves logistical issues which can affect BIS’ ability to vote such proxies, as well as the desirability of voting such proxies. These issues include, but are not limited to: i) untimely notice of shareholder meetings; ii) restrictions on a foreigner’s ability to exercise votes; iii) requirements to vote proxies in person; iv) “share-blocking” (requirements that investors who exercise their voting rights surrender the right to dispose of their holdings for some specified period in proximity to the shareholder meeting); v) potential difficulties in translating the proxy; vi) regulatory constraints; and vii) requirements to provide local agents with unrestricted powers of attorney to facilitate voting instructions. We are not supportive of impediments to the exercise of voting rights such as share-blocking or overly burdensome administrative requirements.
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BlackRock votes proxies in these situations on a “best-efforts” basis. In addition, BIS may determine that it is generally in the interests of BlackRock’s clients not to vote proxies (or not to vote our full allocation) if the costs (including but not limited to opportunity costs associated with share-blocking constraints) associated with exercising a vote are expected to outweigh the benefit the client would derive by voting on the proposal.
Voting Choice
BlackRock offers Voting Choice a program that provides eligible clients with more opportunities to participate in the proxy voting process where legally and operationally viable.
Voting Choice is currently available for eligible clients invested in certain institutional pooled funds in the U.S., UK, Ireland, and Canada that utilize certain equity index investment strategies, as well as eligible clients in certain institutional pooled funds in the U.S., UK, and Canada that use systematic active equity (SAE) strategies. In addition, institutional clients in separately managed accounts (SMAs) continue to be eligible for BlackRock Voting Choice regardless of their investment strategies.18 BlackRock also launched a U.S. Program to offer proxy voting to eligible shareholder accounts in a U.S. Fund.19
As a result, the shares attributed to BlackRock in company share registers may be voted differently depending on whether our clients have authorized BIS to vote on their behalf, have authorized BIS to vote in accordance with a third-party policy, or have elected to vote shares in accordance with their own policy. Our clients have greater control over proxy voting because of Voting Choice. BlackRock does not disclose client information, including a client’s selection of proxy policy, without client consent.
Conflicts management policies and procedures
BIS maintains policies and procedures that seek to prevent undue influence on BlackRock’s proxy voting activity. Such influence might stem from any relationship between the investee company (or any shareholder proponent or dissident shareholder) and BlackRock, BlackRock’s affiliates, a Fund or a Fund’s affiliates, or BlackRock employees. The following are examples of sources of perceived or potential conflicts of interest:
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BlackRock clients who may be issuers of securities or proponents of shareholder resolutions
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BlackRock business partners or third parties who may be issuers of securities or proponents of shareholder resolutions
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BlackRock employees who may sit on the boards of public companies held in Funds managed by BlackRock
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Significant BlackRock, Inc. investors who may be issuers of securities held in Funds managed by BlackRock
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Securities of BlackRock, Inc. or BlackRock investment funds held in Funds managed by BlackRock
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BlackRock, Inc. board members who serve as senior executives or directors of public companies held in Funds managed by BlackRock
BlackRock has taken certain steps to mitigate perceived or potential conflicts including, but not limited to, the following:
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Adopted the Guidelines which are designed to advance our clients’ long-term economic interests in the companies in which BlackRock invests on their behalf
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Established a reporting structure that separates BIS from employees with sales, vendor management, or business partnership roles. In addition, BlackRock seeks to ensure that all engagements with corporate issuers, dissident shareholders or shareholder proponents are managed consistently and without regard to BlackRock’s relationship with such parties. Clients or business partners are not given special treatment or differentiated access to BIS. BIS prioritizes engagements based on factors including, but not limited to, our need for additional information to make a voting decision or our view on the likelihood that an engagement could lead to positive outcome(s) over time for the economic value of the company. Within the normal course of business, BIS may engage directly with BlackRock clients, business partners and/or third parties, and/or with employees with sales, vendor management, or business partnership roles, in discussions regarding our approach to stewardship, general corporate governance matters, client reporting needs, and/or to otherwise ensure that proxy-related client service levels are met
18 With Voting Choice, SMAs have the ability to select from a set of voting policies from third-party proxy advisers the policy that best aligns with their views and preferences. BlackRock can then use its proxy voting infrastructure to cast votes based on the client’s selected voting policy.
19 Read more about BlackRock Voting Choice on our website.
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Global Principles | 17
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Determined to engage, in certain instances, an independent third-party voting service provider to make proxy voting recommendations as a further safeguard to avoid potential conflicts of interest, to satisfy regulatory compliance requirements, or as may be otherwise required by applicable law. In such circumstances, the independent third-party voting service provider provides BlackRock with recommendations, in accordance with the Guidelines, as to how to vote such proxies. BlackRock uses an independent third-party voting service provider to make proxy voting recommendations for shares of BlackRock, Inc. and companies affiliated with BlackRock, Inc. BlackRock may also use an independent third-party voting service provider to make proxy voting recommendations for:
public companies that include BlackRock employees on their boards of directors
public companies of which a BlackRock, Inc. board member serves as a senior executive or a member of the board of directors
public companies that are the subject of certain transactions involving BlackRock Funds
public companies that are joint venture partners with BlackRock, and
public companies when legal or regulatory requirements compel BlackRock to use an independent third-party voting service provider
In selecting an independent third-party voting service provider, we assess several characteristics, including but not limited to: independence, an ability to analyze proxy issues and make recommendations in the economic interest of our clients in accordance with the Guidelines, reputation for reliability and integrity, and operational capacity to accurately deliver the assigned recommendations in a timely manner. We may engage more than one independent third-party voting service provider, in part to mitigate potential or perceived conflicts of interest at a single voting service provider. The Global Committee appoints and reviews the performance of the independent third-party voting service providers, generally on an annual basis.
Securities Lending
When so authorized, BlackRock acts as a securities lending agent on behalf of Funds. Securities lending is a well-regulated practice that contributes to capital market efficiency. It also enables funds to generate additional returns while allowing fund providers to keep fund expenses lower.
With regard to the relationship between securities lending and proxy voting, BlackRock cannot vote shares on loan and may determine to recall them for voting, as guided by our fiduciary duty as an asset manager to our clients in helping them achieve their investment goals. While this has occurred in a limited number of cases, the decision to recall securities on loan as part of BlackRock’s securities lending program in order to vote is based on an evaluation of various factors that include, but are not limited to, assessing potential securities lending revenue alongside the potential long-term financial value to clients of voting those securities (based on the information available at the time of recall consideration).20 BIS works with colleagues in the Securities Lending and Risk and Quantitative Analysis teams to evaluate the costs and benefits to clients of recalling shares on loan.
In almost all instances, BlackRock anticipates that the potential long-term financial value to the Fund of voting shares would be less than the potential revenue the loan may provide the Fund. However, in certain instances, BlackRock may determine, in our independent business judgment as a fiduciary, that the value of voting outweighs the securities lending revenue loss to clients and would therefore recall shares to be voted in those instances.
Periodically, BlackRock reviews our process for determining whether to recall securities on loan in order to vote and may modify it as necessary.
20 Recalling securities on loan can be impacted by the timing of record dates. In the U.S., for example, the record date of a shareholder meeting typically falls before the proxy statements are released. Accordingly, it is not practicable to evaluate a proxy statement, determine that a vote has a material impact on a fund and recall any shares on loan in advance of the record date for the annual meeting. As a result, managers must weigh independent business judgement as a fiduciary, the benefit to a fund’s shareholders of recalling loaned shares in advance of an estimated record date without knowing whether there will be a vote on matters which have a material impact on the fund (thereby forgoing potential securities lending revenue for the fund’s shareholders) or leaving shares on loan to potentially earn revenue for the fund (thereby forgoing the opportunity to vote).
BlackRock Investment Stewardship
Global Principles | 18
Reporting and vote transparency
We are committed to transparency in the stewardship work we do on behalf of clients. We inform clients about our engagement and voting policies and activities through direct communication and through disclosure on our website. Additionally, we make public our regional proxy voting guidelines for the benefit of clients and the companies in which we invest on their behalf. We also publish commentaries to share our perspective on market developments and emerging key themes.
At a more granular level, on a quarterly basis, we publish our vote record for each company that held a shareholder meeting during the period, showing how BIS voted on each proposal and providing our rationale for any votes against management proposals and on shareholder proposals. For shareholder meetings where a vote might be high profile or of significant interest to clients, we may publish a vote bulletin after the meeting, disclosing and explaining our vote on key proposals. We also publish a quarterly list of all companies with which we engaged and the key topics addressed in the engagement meeting.
In this way, we help inform our clients about the work we do on their behalf in promoting the governance and business practices that support durable, long-term financial value creation by companies.
BlackRock Investment Stewardship
Global Principles | 19
 
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This document is provided for information and educational purposes only. Investing involves risk, including the loss of principal.
Prepared by BlackRock, Inc.
©2024 BlackRock, Inc. All rights reserved. BLACKROCK is a trademark of BlackRock, Inc., or its subsidiaries in the United States and elsewhere. All other trademarks are those of their respective owners.
BlackRock Investment Stewardship
Global Principles | 20
BlackRock Investment Stewardship
Climate and Decarbonization Stewardship Guidelines
Published July 2024
BlackRock
BlackRock climate and decarbonization stewardship guidelines1
Introduction to BlackRock Investment Stewardship
BlackRock’s clients depend on us to help them meet their varied investment goals. We consider it one of our responsibilities to be an informed, engaged shareholder on their behalf, given the business decisions that companies make have a direct impact on our clients’ long-term investment outcomes and financial well-being. BlackRock Investment Stewardship (BIS) is a dedicated function within BlackRock, which serves as a link between BlackRock’s clients and the companies we invest in on their behalf. BIS takes a long-term approach in our stewardship efforts, reflecting the investment horizons of the majority of our clients. BIS does this through:
1.
Engaging with companies in a two-way dialogue to build our understanding of a company’s practices and inform our voting decisions.
2.
Voting at shareholder meetings on management and shareholder proposals on behalf of clients who have delegated voting authority to BlackRock.
3.
Contributing to industry dialogue on stewardship to share our perspectives on matters that may impact our clients’ investments.
4.
Reporting on our activities to inform clients about our stewardship efforts on their behalf through a range of publications and direct reporting.
Stewardship for clients with investment objectives relating to the low-carbon transition2
BlackRock offers a wide range of investment products and funds to support our clients’ unique and varied investment objectives, and in February 2024, BlackRock announced it would be launching a new decarbonization stewardship option for those clients who explicitly direct BlackRock to invest their assets with decarbonization investment objectives. An increasing number of clients are seeking to minimize the financial risk, and maximize the financial opportunities, associated with the transition to a low-carbon economy, and thus are interested in sustainable and transition investing, with some including decarbonization as an investment objective in their mandates with BlackRock. In Europe for example, all of our largest, strategic relationship clients have net zero commitments for their organizations, and globally a growing number have made similar commitments, which those clients believe, will shape financial opportunities in the transition to a low-carbon economy. A survey of 200 institutional investors globally, representing nearly $9tn in assets under management, indicated that 98% of them have set some kind of transition investment objective for their portfolios.3
These guidelines set out BIS’ approach to voting at companies’ shareholder meetings on behalf of funds with explicit decarbonization or climate-related investment objectives,4 and, when appropriate, engagement with corporate leadership to support our voting on clients’ behalf. In addition, clients in separately managed accounts may instruct BlackRock to apply these guidelines to their holdings. Both in the case of funds and separately managed accounts, these guidelines are only implemented upon explicit selection and approval by the applicable fund board or client.
1 We have heard from a growing number of clients globally that they have made, or are planning to make, commitments to align their investment strategies with the transition to a low-carbon economy. This stewardship option helps those clients meet their climate and decarbonization investment objectives and is part of BlackRock’s commitment to offer clients choice.
2 Key climate, decarbonization and low-carbon transition related terms used in these guidelines are explained in appendix 1.
3 To help inform the choices BlackRock offers our clients, in June 2023 we commissioned iResearch Services, an independent third-party research consultancy, to conduct a market survey on our behalf. The survey sought to better understand institutions’ needs and preferences related to investing in the low-carbon transition.
4 A list of approved funds is on BlackRock’s website here.
These guidelines should be read in conjunction with BIS’ benchmark policies5 and are focused on matters related to climate risks and the transition to a low-carbon economy at companies that are held by funds and clients who have selected these guidelines. These guidelines differ from the benchmark policies in that they consider, in addition to financial considerations and consistent with the investment objective of each fund or account that has selected these guidelines, the alignment of companies’ business model and strategies with the financial opportunities presented by the transition to a low-carbon economy and the more ambitious goal of the Paris Agreement,6 namely to limit average temperature rise to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.
These guidelines will apply to companies which produce goods and services that contribute to real world decarbonization or have a carbon intensive business model and face outsized impacts from the low-carbon transition, based on reported and estimated scopes 1, 2, and 3 greenhouse gas emissions.7 We estimate these companies represent the vast majority of the value chain emissions of the companies held by funds and clients that have selected these guidelines. For all other companies held by these funds and clients, BIS’ benchmark voting guidelines apply.
On other matters not related to climate risks and the transition to a low-carbon economy, BIS will apply our benchmark policies.
For clients who have not directed BlackRock to prioritize climate risks and decarbonization as an investment objective, BIS will continue to undertake our stewardship responsibilities in line with our benchmark policies, with a sole focus on advancing those clients’ long-term economic interests. This will include consideration of climate-related risks and opportunities in a company’s business model, where material to the company’s ability to deliver long-term financial returns.
Please see appendix 2, which sets out the key differences between the BIS benchmark and decarbonization policies on items related to climate risk and the transition to a low-carbon economy.
5 BIS’ benchmark policies set out the core elements of corporate governance that guide our investment stewardship efforts globally and within each market, including when engaging with companies and voting at shareholder meetings. They are anchored in our Global Principles, which set out certain globally applicable fundamental elements of governance that contribute to a company’s ability to create long-term financial value, anchored in transparency and accountability. They also include our regional and market-specific voting guidelines, which explain how the Principles inform our voting decisions in relation to common ballot items for shareholder meetings in those markets. We publish our engagement priorities which reflect the five themes on which we most frequently engage companies, where they are relevant, as these can be a source of material business risk or opportunity. The BIS policies are applied on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration the context within which a company is operating. They are reviewed annually and updated as necessary to reflect market developments and feedback from clients and companies.
6 The Paris Agreement to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, December 12, 2015.
7 These companies may already be low-carbon operators, or be demonstrating momentum in reducing emissions in their operations, providing key inputs or goods and services that support real world decarbonization, or pivoting their current business model to contribute to the transition to the low-carbon economy.
Understanding the investment implications of the transition to a low-carbon economy
Research from the BlackRock Investment Institute (BII) highlights that changing government policy, technology, and consumer and investor preferences are driving the transition to a low-carbon economy, but these forces are moving at uneven speeds across sectors and regions. For example—some technologies like renewable power are already being deployed at scale in some regions, while in other sectors and regions less cost-effective low-carbon alternatives exist. We have heard from certain clients that they see the low-carbon transition as a series of shifts over decades that will reshape production and consumption, spur significant capital investment and create risks, opportunities and a wider range of financial and competitive outcomes for companies.
For clients interested in investing in the transition to a low-carbon economy and understanding its corresponding risks and opportunities, we have developed the BlackRock Investment Institute Transition Scenario (BIITS), powered by Aladdin® technology. BIITS is a research-based, analytical forecast of how the low-carbon transition is most likely to play out based on what we know and expect today. It can help inform a top-down assessment of a company’s business risk arising from the transition. BII based its key assumptions on rigorous research, and the input of BlackRock’s portfolio managers and other experts.
For client assets with explicit investment objectives related to the transition to a low-carbon economy, BIS will draw on the insights generated by BIITS and Aladdin® Climate,8 as well as our own analysis and engagement, in applying these guidelines. In doing so, we will take into consideration the fact that the necessary data to assess individual companies currently has limitations, but is improving as a result of disclosure requirements in an increasing number of jurisdictions.
Decarbonization stewardship guidelines design principles
The framework of these guidelines is designed to:
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Prioritize sectors and companies that are critical to the transition to a low-carbon economy: This includes companies which produce goods and services that contribute to real world decarbonization or have a carbon intensive business model and face outsized impacts from the low-carbon transition.
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Apply a sectoral approach to our analysis that acknowledges the unevenness of the low-carbon transition across sectors and markets: We take into consideration the varying speeds at which sectors and markets can decarbonize based on technological feasibility, consumer demand, government policy, regulatory frameworks and other factors. Further, we recognize that these factors are uncertain and dynamic, which will require that we evolve our approach as necessary.
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Take a long-term, pragmatic approach that favors a transition that minimizes disruption to companies and their key stakeholders: Our approach recognizes the challenges that many companies face in adapting their business models. It is premised on the views of interested clients that a transition where companies adapt and continue to deliver financial returns throughout, is a better long-term investment outcome for them, and less disruptive to a company’s other key stakeholders, than a transition that is uneven. Further, we consider the differences between the actions and outcomes over which company management has influence, and those it does not.
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Focus on useful, contextualized disclosures that help inform investors views, while recognizing data limitations: The policy will seek disclosures that outline key milestones and dependencies underpinning the company’s low-carbon transition strategy; explain the trade-offs required to adapt the business model; and include relevant data and narrative.
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Be consistent with our position as a minority investor on behalf of our clients: The boards and executive leadership of companies determine a company’s strategy and its implementation. We make decisions on how to engage companies and vote proxies independently, based on our professional judgment of the priorities and outcomes most aligned with clients’ investment objectives.
8 Aladdin® Climate is a suite of climate analytics including forward-looking scenario analysis and net zero alignment analytics. Aladdin® is a proprietary investment and risk management platform.
Voting guidelines9
Consistent with the investment objective of each fund or client that has selected these guidelines, BIS will look to companies to demonstrate the following:
Corporate Disclosures10
In the context of these guidelines, we look for companies to provide sufficient corporate disclosure to allow us to determine the extent to which decarbonization and the low-carbon transition are strategic priorities. As a general point, we would expect companies that have disclosed their aim to participate in the transition to a low-carbon economy to make disclosures that help explain the strategy and governance systems they have determined most appropriate, which may include:
(1)
a low-carbon transition strategy to demonstrate their alignment with the ambition to limit global average temperature rise to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. This would normally mean that they have a long-term strategy to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050, with appropriate near- and medium-term milestones to assess their progress.
(2)
low-carbon transition-related reporting consistent with the standards developed by the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB).11 IFRS S1 addresses the general requirements of sustainability reporting and IFRS S2 sets out the disclosures that would provide investors with decision-useful information about a company’s most significant climate- and low-carbon transition-related risks and opportunities. As audit and assurance standards are developed, it would be helpful to investors’ confidence in such disclosures for companies to seek independent, third-party assurance.
9 These guidelines are not intended to limit the analysis of individual issues at specific companies or provide a guide as to how BIS will engage and/or vote in every instance. The guidelines are applied by BIS analysts with discretion, on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration the range of issues and facts specific to the company, as well as individual ballot items at shareholder meetings.
10 Given data and measurement limitations, companies may need to provide estimated GHG emissions where reporting methodologies are nascent. In addition, certain disclosures related to a company’s plans for adapting their business models through the low-carbon transition may require forward-looking statements.
11 The International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) was formed by the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Foundation in 2021. It aims to develop global standards for sustainability reporting for corporates and investors to support more efficient capital markets. The goal is standards that will provide a high-quality, comprehensive, and cost-effective global baseline of sustainability disclosures, while enabling interoperability with jurisdiction-specific disclosure, and broader stakeholder, requirements. IFRS S1 and S2 were based on the recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures, which many companies have used in their reporting to date. A number of jurisdictions are consulting on adopting the standards issued to date or have already committed to doing so.
(3)
scope 1 and scope 2, and material scope 3 GHG emissions.12 13 In addition, we look to companies to disclose their reduction targets for scope 1 and 2 emissions, science-based where possible. We welcome disclosure of targets or indicative goals, where companies have set them, for scope 3 emissions reductions, recognizing that these would be provided on a ‘best efforts’ basis given the methodological challenges these currently present for reporters. Scope 3 information, including how a company is working with its value chain to accelerate reductions in GHG intensity, provides useful insight to investors focused on investing in the low-carbon transition and understanding the impact of their investments on their decarbonization goals.14 However, we recognize that companies have varying ability to influence the emissions across the different parts of their value chain and it is helpful when disclosures explain the implications for the achievement of their decarbonization targets.
Transition plans
Some companies have published a transition plan that explains how the company intends to implement its low-carbon transition strategy by, as defined by the ISSB, “lay[ing] out the entity’s targets, actions or resources for its transition towards a lower-carbon economy, including actions such as reducing its greenhouse gas emissions” (see appendix 1).
We note the work being undertaken in a number of jurisdictions on establishing a common approach in a market to corporate transition plans. Given this work continues, for the near-term, BIS will not make preparation and production of transition plans a voting issue. BIS may engage companies that have chosen to publish a transition plan to understand their planned actions and resource implications in accordance with anticipated requirements.
Boards and directors
An effective and well-functioning board that has appropriate governance structures to facilitate oversight of a company’s management and strategic initiatives is critical to the company’s ability to deliver on its low-carbon transition strategy.
In assessing the role and effectiveness of the board in this regard, we seek to understand whether:
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The board has clear oversight responsibilities for climate and low-carbon transition-related risks and opportunities in the company’s business model. We consider the whole board to have responsibility for oversight of the company’s long-term strategy, including those aspects related to the transition to a low-carbon economy.
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Management has established a robust low-carbon transition framework and long-term strategy, with clear accountability for delivery by senior executives.
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The capital management strategy explains how the company allocates investments to (traditional and next generation) business lines and innovation, and returns cash to shareholders, consistent with the low-carbon transition strategy.
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The climate and low-carbon transition risks most likely to significantly impact the business are integrated into the company’s enterprise risk management processes and reporting.
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The company has set scope 1 & 2 GHG emissions reduction targets, science-based and independently verified where possible, against a baseline, that are consistent with the ambition to limit average temperature rise to no more than 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.
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There is a clear link between the company’s scope 1 & 2 GHG emissions reduction targets over time and its long-term low-carbon transition strategy.
12 FTSE Russell address the materiality of different categories of Scope 3 GHG emissions by sector in a January 2024 paper “Scope for improvement: Solving the Scope 3 conundrum”.
13 Under this policy, we look for GHG emissions disclosures to be aligned with the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (“GHG Protocol”). The Protocol Standards and Guidance are currently being updated to ensure they continue to provide “a rigorous and credible accounting foundation for businesses to measure, plan and track progress toward science-based and net-zero targets in line with the global 1.5°C goal.”
14 We do not believe the purpose of Scope 3 disclosure requirements should be to push publicly traded companies into the role of enforcing emission reduction targets outside of their control. Given methodological complexity for Scope 3 emissions and the lack of direct control by companies over the requisite data, we find it most useful when companies focus their disclosures on those of the fifteen Scope 3 GHG Protocol categories that are material to their business models.
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The company is monitoring its material scope 3 emissions15 and disclosing these where it is confident in the data. Given forthcoming regulatory requirements in certain jurisdictions, some companies are voluntarily disclosing scope 3 emissions reductions targets and plans, setting out how they are working on decarbonization with the different constituents in their value chain.
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The board oversees, and management has a formalized approach to, the company’s lobbying activities, including trade association memberships. Policy engagement should be consistent with a company’s stated strategic policy objectives, including those related to the low-carbon transition.
Voting against directors over concerns about climate risk
In implementing these guidelines, BIS will generally support non-executive directors standing for election where, in BIS’ assessment based on company disclosures and engagement, a company is executing on its commitment to align with the transition to a low-carbon economy, as defined above. Where BIS determines this is not the case, we may vote against the election of one or more directors who have responsibility for the issue. The directors most likely to be in focus are the chair of the board sub-committee with low-carbon transition, climate or sustainability risk oversight responsibilities, other members of the relevant committee, the lead independent director or the non-executive chair of the board. In certain markets, we may withhold support for the discharge of the supervisory board or equivalent.
Where we have not supported director elections over climate concerns in a prior year, and the company has not subsequently made progress towards aligning with the transition to a low-carbon economy, we may escalate16 by voting against the re-election of additional responsible directors to signal our heightened concerns.
Management proposals to approve a climate strategy or progress report
In certain markets, company management may submit proposals asking shareholders to approve their climate action plans or progress reports, sometimes known as “Say on Climate.” BIS will generally support management’s climate strategy proposal if, in our assessment based on these guidelines, the strategy is aligned with the low-carbon transition. Similarly, we will generally support management’s proposal on a progress report if the company has clearly explained its progress against, and any deviations from or changes to, its stated transition plan and targets.
Shareholder proposals on climate and low-carbon transition matters
Shareholder proposals on a company’s approach to the low-carbon transition or climate risk will be considered on their merit. Our assessment will take into consideration the implications for, and the relevance to, the company’s stated low-carbon transition strategy and targets. We may support shareholder proposals that, for example, ask a company to:
Publish a business plan, and related disclosures, consistent with the ambition to limit average temperature rise to no more than 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels
Align their scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions reduction targets to, and/or discuss how their targets align with, a long-term goal of the company achieving net zero GHG emissions by 2050
Disclose the categories of scope 3 GHG emissions most material to a company’s business model
Improve disclosures on how a company’s climate-related lobbying (including trade association memberships and other indirect lobbying) is aligned with its strategic policy positions.
We would not support shareholder proposals that seek to constrain board or management decision-making or direct specific business or strategic decisions. This includes proposals that seek to change a company’s articles of association or charter to require commitments or actions related to climate risk or the low-carbon transition.
15 As discussed in the FTSE Russell publication mentioned above, their research indicates that there are 2-3 material scope 3 GHG emissions categories by sector. The research uses a definition of materiality from the GHG Protocol, which “encourages companies to maintain a representative inventory of the “most significant GHG emissions, [that] offer the most significant GHG reduction opportunities and are most relevant to the company’s business goals.”
16 While BIS may escalate voting by not supporting additional management proposals, principally director elections, we do not consider filing shareholder proposals, preannouncing our voting intentions or using the media to amplify our concerns appropriate courses of action. We will continue to take a constructive, long-term focused approach, to our engagement and voting on behalf of clients under these guidelines.
Related matters
There are other business items not covered above that may be put to a shareholder vote that could address matters relevant to the transition to a low-carbon economy. Under these guidelines, BIS is most likely to engage, where appropriate, if we seek to enhance our understanding of a company’s approach. Generally, our voting on these matters would be covered by BIS’ benchmark guidelines.
Executive compensation
We look to company boards to put in place a compensation structure that incentivizes and rewards executives appropriately. Some companies, in light of their long-term strategy, may decide to include relevant GHG emissions reduction targets or low-carbon transition-related metrics in their incentive plans. In such cases, BIS would engage to understand the alignment between those metrics and the company’s stated climate strategy.
Auditors and audit-related issues
For companies with material climate or transition risks or opportunities in their business models, BIS is interested to understand whether the company considers and, if relevant, quantifies, and accounts for material climate-related risks in its financial statements, including if the company explains such risks within the context of its audit report. We note that work is being undertaken to develop audit and assurance standards in relation to climate and transition reporting, which may impact the future reporting requirements of companies. We note that assurance of corporate disclosures related to climate risk and the transition to a low-carbon economy is still nascent.
Mergers, acquisitions, asset sales, and other special situations
Special situations will be considered on their financial merits, but BIS may engage on climate-related factors under these guidelines where a transaction may significantly alter a company’s climate strategy or a shareholder activist has proposed governance, strategic or operational changes that may impact its climate strategy. BIS does not promote changes in corporate control, nor does it invoke formal governance mechanisms that rise to the level of shareholder activism.
Other business relevant sustainability-related risks and opportunities
Climate risk and the transition to a low-carbon economy are interconnected with a number of other sustainability-related risks and opportunities that may be relevant to a company’s business model and long-term performance. These include a company’s impacts or dependencies on natural capital and key stakeholders.17 In the context of these guidelines, we may engage companies to better understand how they are managing the impact on people (e.g., employees, suppliers, customers and communities) of any strategic or operational changes they are making in relation to their transition to a low-carbon economy. Similarly, we may engage companies that face risks and opportunities related to land use and deforestation, access to fresh water, or the ability to secure scarce resources critical to the transition to a low-carbon economy.
17 BIS’ engagement with companies on these issues is informed by our commentaries on natural capital, human capital management and human rights.
Appendix 1
Terminology
We understand the key concepts referred to within these guidelines as follows:
Climate risk: Includes physical risk, the increased risk to companies’ assets and activities caused by the direct impact of changing weather patterns and natural catastrophes, and transition risk, the impact of the transition to a low-carbon economy on a company’s long-term profitability.
Transition to a low-carbon economy (“low-carbon transition”): The global economic shift toward lower emissions across many sectors and business models. The economic transformation is being driven by changes in government policy, technology, and consumer and investor preferences, as well as the physical effects of climate change (e.g., extreme weather), and can potentially have a material impact on clients’ investments and portfolios.
Decarbonization: the process of reducing or eliminating emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from human activity and removing carbon currently in the atmosphere. This can be carried out by countries, companies and even individual consumers. Sometimes the concept is understood to include the reduction and elimination of other GHG, e.g., methane.
Climate-related risks and opportunities: The investment opportunities and risks associated with the transition to a low-carbon economy, including transition risks and opportunities and physical risks and opportunities in adapting to physical climate change.
Climate-related transition plan: “An aspect of an entity’s overall strategy that lays out the entity’s targets, actions or resources for its transition towards a lower-carbon economy, including actions such as reducing its greenhouse gas emissions.”18
Science-based GHG emissions reduction targets: Targets that “…are in line with what the latest climate science deems necessary to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement – limiting global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. Science-based targets give companies a clearly defined path to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in line with limiting global warming to 1.5°C. They define how much and how quickly a business must reduce its emissions to be in line with the Paris Agreement goals.”19
18 As defined by the International Sustainability Standards Board’s IFRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures. Several jurisdictions are basing their own transition plan disclosure frameworks on the IFRS S2 definition. We anticipate transition plan disclosure becoming mandatory in an increasing number of jurisdictions over the near term.
19 As defined by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi). SBTi “is a corporate climate action organization that enables companies and financial institutions worldwide to play their part in combating the climate crisis. We develop standards, tools and guidance which allow companies to set greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions targets in line with what is needed to keep global heating below catastrophic levels and reach net-zero by 2050 at latest.”
Appendix 2
Comparison of key differences between how the BIS benchmark considers climate-related risks, where appropriate, and the decarbonization guidelines20  
 
BIS Benchmark Policy
Decarbonization Policy
Key concepts
Focuses on financial performance
and engages companies on
climate and transition topics when
material to their business
Prioritizes the disclosure of how a
company is managing material
climate and transition-related risks
and opportunities
Considers both financial
performance
and decarbonization objectives
consistent with funds’ and clients’
investment objectives
Assesses the alignment of a
company’s business model
with the ambition to limit global
average temperature rise to
1.5°C above pre-industrial levels
Prioritized
companies for
climate-related
engagement
Largest Scope 1 and 2 GHG emitters
Largest total value chain GHG
emitters (Scope 1, 2, & 3)
Emissions
reporting
Seeks reporting of Scope 1 & 2
Seeks reporting of Scope 1, 2 and
material 3
Emissions targets
&
decarbonization
efforts
Seeks the disclosure of Scope 1 &
2 targets
Seeks Scope 1 & 2 targets and
assesses decarbonization efforts
Temperature &
scenario
alignment /
pathways
Seeks disclosure from companies
that identifies and discusses the
most plausible decarbonization
pathway
Assesses temperature and
scenario alignment/ pathways
to 1.5°C degrees
Science-based
targets
commitments &
verifications
Engagement topic but not vote
escalation criteria
Seeks science-based targets and
verifications where possible; may
take voting action where absent
Company’s role in
the
transition
Engagement topic but not vote
escalation criteria
Assesses activities benefitting from
and/or contributing to the transition
to a low-carbon economy
Shareholder
proposals
Case-by-case approach with focus
on implications for long-term
financial value creation
No support for shareholder
proposals that seek to direct
management strategy
Case-by-case approach with
further consideration given to
decarbonization objectives in
addition to financial performance
No support for shareholder
proposals that seek to direct
management strategy
 
20 There may be some regional variations in voting under the decarbonization policy in light of company circumstances, policy requirements in a particular market or a country’s Nationally Defined Contributions, amongst other things.
 
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This document is provided for information and educational purposes only. Investing involves risk, including the loss of principal.
Prepared by BlackRock, Inc.
©2025 BlackRock, Inc. All rights reserved. BLACKROCK is a trademark of BlackRock, Inc., or its subsidiaries in the United States and elsewhere. All other trademarks are those of their respective owners.
 
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SAI-WELEAF-0725

BlackRock FundsSM
PART C. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits. 
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
1
—
Articles of Incorporation.
(a)
—
(b)
—
(c)
—
(d)
—
(e)
—
(f)
—
2
—
By-laws.
(a)
—
(b)
—
3
—
Instruments Defining Rights of Security Holders.
(a)
—
Article IV, Article V (Sections 5.1 and 5.4), Article VI (Sections 6.2, 6.5 and 6.7), Article VIII, Article IX
(Sections 9.2, 9.5 and 9.6) and Article X (Sections 10.1, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.8 and 10.9) of Registrant’s
Declaration of Trust are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibits 1(a) – 1(e) to Registrant’s Registration
Statement and Article I, Article II (Sections 2 and 3), Article IV (Section 1) and Article V (Sections 3, 4, 5
and 6) of Registrant’s Amended and Restated Code of Regulations are incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibits 2(a) - 2(b) to Registrant’s Registration Statement.
4
—
Investment Advisory Contracts.
(a)
—
(b)
—
C-1
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
(c)
—
(d)
—
(e)
—
(f)
—
(g)
—
(h)
—
(i)
—
(j)
—
(k)
—
(l)
—
(m)
—
C-2
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
(n)
—
(o)
—
(p)
—
(q)
—
(r)
—
(s)
—
(t)
—
(u)
—
(v)
—
(w)
—
C-3
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
(x)
—
(y)
—
(z)
—
(aa)
—
(bb)
—
(cc)
—
(dd)
—
(ee)
—
(ff)
—
(gg)
—
(hh)
—
(ii)
—
C-4
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
(jj)
—
(kk)
—
(ll)
—
(mm)
—
(nn)
—
(oo)
—
(pp)
—
(qq)
—
(rr)
—
(ss)
—
(tt)
—
(uu)
—
C-5
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
(vv)
—
(ww)
—
(xx)
—
(yy)
—
(zz)
—
(aaa)
—
(bbb)
—
(ccc)
—
5
—
Underwriting Contracts.
(a)
—
(b)
—
6
—
Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts.
(a)
—
None
7
—
Custodian Agreements.
(a)
—
(b)
—
C-6
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
(c)
—
(d)
—
(e)
—
8
—
Other Material Contracts.
(a)
—
(b)
—
(c)
—
(d)
—
(e)
—
(f)
—
(g)
—
(h)
—
(i)
—
(j)
—
C-7
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
(k)
—
(l)
—
(m)
—
(n)
—
(o)
—
(p)
—
(q)
—
(r)
—
(s)
—
(t)
—
(u)
—
(v)
—
(w)
—
C-8
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
(x)
—
(y)
—
(z)
—
(aa)
—
9
—
Legal Opinion.
(a)
—
None.
10
—
Other Opinions.
(a)
—
11
—
Omitted Financial Statements.
(a)
—
None.
12
—
Initial Capital Agreements.
(a)
—
(b)
—
(c)
—
(d)
—
(e)
—
C-9
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
(f)
—
(g)
—
(h)
—
(i)
—
(j)
—
(k)
—
(l)
—
(m)
—
(n)
—
(o)
—
(p)
—
(q)
—
C-10
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
(r)
—
(s)
—
(t)
—
(u)
—
(v)
—
(w)
—
(x)
—
(y)
—
(z)
—
(aa)
—
(bb)
—
(cc)
—
(dd)
—
(ee)
—
C-11
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
(ff)
—
(gg)
— 
13
—
Rule 12b-1 Plan.
(a)
—
(b)
—
14
—
Rule 18f-3 Plan.
(a)
—
15
—
Reserved.
16
—
Codes of Ethics.
(a)
—
99
—
Power of Attorney.
(a)
—
(b)
—
(c)
—
Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Fund.
The Registrant does not control and is not under common control with any other person.
Item 30. Indemnification.
Indemnification of Registrant’s principal underwriter against certain losses is provided for in Section 9 of the Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 5(a). Indemnification of Registrant’s Custodians is provided for in Section 12 of the Amended and Restated Custodian Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 7(a), Article VIII of the Custody Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 7(b), Article V of the Form of Custody Agreement (U.S. Dollar Only) incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 7(c), Section 7 of the Form of Master Global Custody Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 7(d) and Section 15 of the Master Custodian Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 7(e). Indemnification of Registrant’s Transfer Agent is provided for in Section 12 of the Transfer Agency and Shareholder Services Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 8(k). Indemnification of Registrant’s Administrators is provided for in Section 9 of the Form of Administration Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 8(a), Section 12 of the Form of Administration and Accounting Services Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 8(h) and Section 8 of the Administration and Fund Accounting Services Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 8(j). Registrant intends to obtain from a major insurance carrier a trustees’ and officers’ liability policy covering certain types of errors and omissions. In addition, Section 9.3 of the Registrant’s Declaration of Trust incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 1(a) provides as follows:
C-12
Indemnification of Trustees, Officers, Representatives and Employees. The Trust shall indemnify each of its Trustees against all liabilities and expenses (including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise, as fines and penalties, and as counsel fees) reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense or disposition of any action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, in which he may be involved or with which he may be threatened, while as a Trustee or thereafter, by reason of his being or having been such a Trustee except with respect to any matter as to which he shall have been adjudicated to have acted in bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his duties, provided that as to any matter disposed of by a compromise payment by such person, pursuant to a consent decree or otherwise, no indemnification either for said payment or for any other expenses shall be provided unless the Trust shall have received a written opinion from independent legal counsel approved by the Trustees to the effect that if either the matter of willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of duty, or the matter of bad faith had been adjudicated, it would in the opinion of such counsel have been adjudicated in favor of such person. The rights accruing to any person under these provisions shall not exclude any other right to which he may be lawfully entitled, provided that no person may satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement hereunder except out of the property of the Trust. The Trustees may make advance payments in connection with the indemnification under this Section 9.3, provided that the indemnified person shall have given a written undertaking to reimburse the Trust in the event it is subsequently determined that he is not entitled to such indemnification.
The Trustee shall indemnify officers, representatives and employees of the Trust to the same extent that Trustees are entitled to indemnification pursuant to this Section 9.3.
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Section 9.6 of the Registrant’s Declaration of Trust, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1(a), also provides for the indemnification of shareholders of the Registrant. Section 9.6 states as follows:
Indemnification of Shareholders. In case any Shareholder or former Shareholder shall be held to be personally liable solely by reason of his being or having been a Shareholder and not because of his acts or omissions or for some other reason, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or his heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives or, in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled out of the assets belonging to the classes of Shares with the same alphabetical designation as that of the Shares owned by such Shareholder to be held harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability. The Trust shall, upon request by the Shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against any Shareholder for any act or obligations of the Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon from such assets.
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of the Investment Advisers.
(a) BlackRock Advisors, LLC is an indirect majority-owned subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc. BlackRock Advisors, LLC was organized in 1994 for the purpose of providing advisory services to investment companies. The information required by this Item 31 about officers and directors of BlackRock Advisors, LLC, together with information as to any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by such officers and directors during the past two years, is incorporated by reference to Schedules A and D of Form ADV, filed by BlackRock Advisors, LLC pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (SEC File No. 801-47710).
(b) BlackRock International Limited (“BIL”). The information required by this Item 31 about officers and directors of BIL, together with information as to any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by such officers and directors during the past two years, is incorporated by reference to Schedules A and D of Form ADV, filed by BIL pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (SEC File No. 801-51087).
(c) BlackRock Fund Advisors (“BFA”). The information required by this Item 31 about officers and directors of BFA, together with information as to any other business profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by such officers and directors during the past two years, is incorporated by reference to Schedule A and D of Form ADV, filed by BFA pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (SEC File No. 801-22609).
(d) BlackRock Asset Management North Asia Limited (“BNA”) is a majority-owned subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc. BNA currently offers investment advisory services to pooled investment vehicles, corporations or other businesses and
C-13
government agencies or quasi-government agencies. The information required by this Item 31 about officers and directors of BNA, together with information as to any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by such officers and directors during the past two years, is incorporated by reference to Schedules A and D of Form ADV, filed by BNA pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (SEC File No. 801-77343).
(e) BlackRock (Singapore) Limited (“BSL”) is a majority-owned subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc. BSL currently offers investment advisory services to pooled investment vehicles, state or municipal government entities and insurance companies. The information required by this Item 31 about officers and directors of BSL, together with information as to any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by such officers and directors during the past two years, is incorporated by reference to Schedules A and D of Form ADV, filed by BSL pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (SEC File No. 801-76926).
Item 32. Principal Underwriters.
(a) BlackRock Investments, LLC (“BRIL”) acts as the principal underwriter or placement agent, as applicable, for each of the following open-end registered investment companies, including the Registrant:
BlackRock Advantage Global Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Advantage SMID Cap Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Allocation Target Shares
BlackRock Balanced Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Bond Fund, Inc.
BlackRock California Municipal Series Trust
BlackRock Capital Appreciation Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Emerging Markets Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Equity Dividend Fund
BlackRock ETF Trust
BlackRock ETF Trust II
BlackRock Financial Institutions Series Trust
BlackRock FundsSM
BlackRock Funds II
BlackRock Funds III
BlackRock Funds IV
BlackRock Funds V
BlackRock Funds VI
BlackRock Funds VII, Inc.
BlackRock Global Allocation Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Index Funds, Inc.
BlackRock International Select Equity Fund
BlackRock Large Cap Focus Growth Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Large Cap Focus Value Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Large Cap Series Funds, Inc.
BlackRock Liquidity Funds
BlackRock Mid-Cap Value Series, Inc.
BlackRock Multi-State Municipal Series Trust
BlackRock Municipal Bond Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Municipal Series Trust
BlackRock Natural Resources Trust
BlackRock Series Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Series Fund II, Inc.
BlackRock Series, Inc.
BlackRock Strategic Global Bond Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Unconstrained Equity Fund
BlackRock Variable Series Funds, Inc.
BlackRock Variable Series Funds II, Inc.
iShares, Inc.
iShares Trust
iShares U.S. ETF Trust
Managed Account Series
Managed Account Series II
Master Investment Portfolio
Master Investment Portfolio II
Quantitative Master Series LLC
BRIL also acts as the distributor or placement agent for the following closed-end registered investment companies:
BlackRock Alpha Strategies Fund
BlackRock Core Bond Trust
BlackRock Corporate High Yield Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Credit Strategies Fund
BlackRock Debt Strategies Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Enhanced Equity Dividend Trust
BlackRock Floating Rate Income Trust
BlackRock Health Sciences Trust
BlackRock Income Trust, Inc.
BlackRock Investment Quality Municipal Trust, Inc.
BlackRock Limited Duration Income Trust
BlackRock Multi-Sector Income Trust
BlackRock Municipal Income Trust
BlackRock Private Investments Fund
BlackRock Science and Technology Trust
BlackRock Utilities, Infrastructure & Power Opportunities Trust
BRIL provides numerous financial services to BlackRock-advised funds and is the distributor of BlackRock’s open-end funds. These services include coordinating and executing Authorized Participation Agreements, preparing, reviewing
C-14
and providing advice with respect to all sales literature and responding to Financial Industry Regulatory Authority comments on marketing materials.
(b) Set forth below is information concerning each director and officer of BRIL. The principal business address of each such person is 50 Hudson Yards, New York, New York 10001. 
Name
Position(s) and Office(s) with BRIL
Position(s) and
Office(s) with
Registrant
Jon Maro
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Board of
Managers
None
Christopher J. Meade
Chief Legal Officer, General Counsel and Senior
Managing Director
None
Zachary Marcus
Chief Financial Officer
None
Gregory Rosta
Chief Compliance Officer and Director
None
Cynthia Rzomp
Chief Operating Officer
None
Andrew Dickson
Secretary and Managing Director
None
Martin Small
Senior Managing Director
None
Michael Bishopp
Managing Director
None
Samara Cohen
Managing Director
None
Jonathan Diorio
Managing Director
None
Lisa Hill
Managing Director
None
Brendan Kyne
Managing Director
None
Stuart Murray
Managing Director
None
Jonathan Steel
Managing Director
None
Ariana Brown
Director
None
Chris Nugent
Director
None
Angelica Neto-Nolan
Vice President
None
Lourdes Sanchez
Vice President
None
Lisa Belle
Anti-Money Laundering Officer
Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer
Joseph Devico
Board of Managers
None
Meredith Herold
Board of Managers
None
Dominik Rohe
Board of Managers
None
Roland Villacorta
Board of Managers
None
 
(c) Not applicable.
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records.
Omitted pursuant to Instruction 3 of Item 33 of Form N-1A.
Item 34. Management Services.
None.
Item 35. Undertakings.
None.
C-15
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it meets all the requirements for the effectiveness of this Post-Effective Amendment to its Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment to its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York and the State of New York, on July 24, 2025.  
BlackRock FundsSM (Registrant)
on behalf of Blackrock Wealth Liquid
Environmentally Aware Fund
By:
/s/ John M. Perlowski
 
(John M. Perlowski,
President and Chief Executive Officer)
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-Effective Amendment to its Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 
Signature
Title
Date
/s/ John M. Perlowski
(John M. Perlowski)
Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
July 24, 2025
/s/ Trent Walker
(Trent Walker)
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
July 24, 2025
Christopher J. Ailman*
(Christopher J. Ailman)
Trustee
 
Susan J. Carter*
(Susan J. Carter)
Trustee
 
Collette Chilton*
(Collette Chilton)
Trustee
 
Neil A. Cotty*
(Neil A. Cotty)
Trustee
 
Henry R. Keizer*
(Henry R. Keizer)
Trustee
 
Cynthia A. Montgomery*
(Cynthia A. Montgomery)
Trustee
 
Donald C. Opatrny*
(Donald C. Opatrny)
Trustee
 
Lori Richards*
(Lori Richards)
Trustee
 
Mark Stalnecker*
(Mark Stalnecker)
Trustee
 
Kenneth L. Urish*
(Kenneth L. Urish)
Trustee
 
C-16
Signature
Title
Date
Claire A. Walton*
(Claire A. Walton)
Trustee
 
Robert Fairbairn*
(Robert Fairbairn)
Trustee
 
*By:/s/ Janey Ahn
(Janey Ahn, Attorney-In-Fact)
 
July 24, 2025
C-17
EXHIBIT INDEX 
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
10(a)
—
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C-18
ATTACHMENTS / EXHIBITS

ATTACHMENTS / EXHIBITS

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

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