​

Year ended December 31,

​

2022

2023

2024

​

​

RMB’000

​

RMB’000

​

RMB’000

Equity-settled listing costs

1,912,693

—

—

Employee benefits expense

341,608

640,764

304,121

Professional service fees

66,657

141,938

157,768

Market incentives for charging services

120,461

231,121

113,224

Rental, facility and utilities

12,500

26,088

32,650

Cost of charging services revenues

21,936

21,167

28,447

Cost of energy solutions revenues

—

86,528

27,605

Promotion and advertising expenses

24,844

39,862

22,384

Traveling, entertainment and general office expenses

15,879

24,850

16,739

Depreciation of right-of-use assets

9,219

7,440

5,265

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

210

947

1,480

Amortization of intangible assets

167

472

743

Bandwidth and server custody expenses

4,914

3,585

2,155

Payment processing costs

2,427

1,067

1,063

Net impairment losses on receivables, prepayments and other financial assets

22,042

73,816

300,921

Net impairment losses on inventories

—

3,296

—

Others

5,058

9,712

14,367

Total operating costs and expenses

2,560,615

1,312,653

1,028,932