Employees | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ million | | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | | Remuneration | 10,648 | 10,509 | 9,038 | | Social security contributions | 957 | 860 | 819 | Retirement benefits (see Note 23) | 1,324 | 1,795 | 1,696 | Share-based compensation (see Note 27) | 700 | 807 | 539 | | Total [A] | 13,629 | 13,971 | 12,092 |
[A]Excludes employees seconded to joint ventures and associates. | | | Average employee numbers [A] |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Thousand | | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | | Integrated Gas | 6 | 6 | 6 | | Upstream | 11 | 12 | 13 | | Marketing | 26 | 17 | 14 | | Chemicals and Products | 22 | 21 | 22 | | Renewables and Energy Solutions | 5 | 4 | 3 | | Corporate | 30 | 27 | 25 | | - of which Shell Business Service Centre (SBSC) | 23 | 20 | 19 | Total [B] | 100 | 87 | 83 |
[A]Employee numbers are based on headcount. [B]Excludes employees seconded to joint ventures and associates (2023: 2,000 employees; 2022: 2,000 employees; 2021: 2,000 employees).
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