v3.25.2
Retirement benefits - Summary of Defined Benefit Plan Obligations (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance $ (2,904)    
Actuarial losses 2,375 $ (27,943) $ (2,001)
Other movements 44 (349) 5
Ending balance (1,602) (2,904)  
Defined benefit plan obligation      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance 73,481 107,336  
Current service cost 759 1,145  
Interest expense 3,238 1,704  
Actuarial losses 2,375 (27,943)  
Benefit payments (3,847) (4,103)  
Other movements 189 296  
Currency translation differences 1,829 (4,954)  
Ending balance 78,024 73,481 107,336
Defined benefit plan obligation | The Netherlands      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance 24,608 35,340  
Current service cost 184 286  
Interest expense 904 298  
Actuarial losses 929 (8,806)  
Benefit payments (1,032) (942)  
Other movements 252 374  
Currency translation differences 901 (1,942)  
Ending balance 26,746 24,608 35,340
Defined benefit plan obligation | UK      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance 17,791 29,913  
Current service cost 145 259  
Interest expense 881 489  
Actuarial losses 257 (9,793)  
Benefit payments (1,014) (1,124)  
Other movements 0 130  
Currency translation differences 1,014 (2,083)  
Ending balance 19,074 17,791 29,913
Defined benefit plan obligation | USA      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance 14,793 19,003  
Current service cost 215 282  
Interest expense 695 417  
Actuarial losses 832 (3,730)  
Benefit payments (956) (1,088)  
Other movements 0 (91)  
Currency translation differences 0 0  
Ending balance 15,579 14,793 19,003
Defined benefit plan obligation | Rest of the world      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance 13,410 18,213  
Current service cost 179 261  
Interest expense 592 380  
Actuarial losses 285 (3,582)  
Benefit payments (757) (771)  
Other movements (63) (154)  
Currency translation differences (122) (937)  
Ending balance 13,524 13,410 18,213
Defined benefit plan obligation | Germany      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance 3,477    
Ending balance 3,647 3,477  
Defined benefit plan obligation | Canada (Federal)      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance 3,482    
Ending balance 3,930 3,482  
Defined benefit plan obligation | Pensions | Funded pension plans      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance 67,265    
Ending balance $ 71,473 $ 67,265  
Duration of defined benefit obligation 14 years 15 years  
Defined benefit plan obligation | Pensions | Funded pension plans | The Netherlands      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance $ 24,608    
Ending balance $ 26,746 $ 24,608  
Duration of defined benefit obligation 16 years 17 years  
Defined benefit plan obligation | Pensions | Funded pension plans | UK      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance $ 17,474    
Ending balance $ 18,734 $ 17,474  
Duration of defined benefit obligation 15 years 15 years  
Defined benefit plan obligation | Pensions | Funded pension plans | USA      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance $ 13,925    
Ending balance $ 14,695 $ 13,925  
Duration of defined benefit obligation 11 years 12 years  
Defined benefit plan obligation | Pensions | Funded pension plans | Rest of the world      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance $ 11,258    
Ending balance $ 11,298 $ 11,258  
Duration of defined benefit obligation 13 years 13 years  
Defined benefit plan obligation | Pensions | Unfunded pension plans      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance $ 3,337    
Ending balance $ 3,450 $ 3,337  
Duration of defined benefit obligation 11 years 11 years  
Defined benefit plan obligation | Pensions | Unfunded pension plans | UK      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance $ 317    
Ending balance $ 340 $ 317  
Duration of defined benefit obligation 16 years 15 years  
Defined benefit plan obligation | Pensions | Unfunded pension plans | USA      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance $ 868    
Ending balance $ 884 $ 868  
Duration of defined benefit obligation 8 years 9 years  
Defined benefit plan obligation | Pensions | Unfunded pension plans | Rest of the world      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance $ 2,152    
Ending balance $ 2,226 $ 2,152  
Duration of defined benefit obligation 11 years 12 years  
Defined benefit plan obligation | OPEB      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance $ 2,879 $ 4,867  
Current service cost 36 57  
Interest expense 166 120  
Actuarial losses 72 (2,032)  
Benefit payments (88) (178)  
Other movements 0 37  
Currency translation differences 36 8  
Ending balance 3,101 2,879 4,867
Defined benefit plan obligation | OPEB | Unfunded pension plans      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance 2,879    
Ending balance $ 3,101 $ 2,879  
Duration of defined benefit obligation 13 years 14 years  
Defined benefit plan assets      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance $ (76,756) $ (104,495)  
Interest expense (3,417) (1,732)  
Benefit payments 3,706 3,889  
Other movements 18 58  
Currency translation differences (1,531) 5,675  
Ending balance (79,961) (76,756) (104,495)
Defined benefit plan assets | The Netherlands      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance (27,986) (37,096)  
Interest expense (1,035) (314)  
Benefit payments 1,032 942  
Other movements 6 9  
Currency translation differences (1,020) 2,136  
Ending balance (30,266) (27,986) (37,096)
Defined benefit plan assets | UK      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance (21,963) (33,720)  
Interest expense (1,094) (552)  
Benefit payments 1,014 1,124  
Other movements 16 (150)  
Currency translation differences (1,242) 2,723  
Ending balance (22,320) (21,963) (33,720)
Defined benefit plan assets | USA      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance (14,243) (18,055)  
Interest expense (679) (406)  
Benefit payments 957 1,088  
Other movements 13 15  
Currency translation differences 0 0  
Ending balance (14,835) (14,243) (18,055)
Defined benefit plan assets | Rest of the world      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance (12,564) (15,624)  
Interest expense (609) (460)  
Benefit payments 703 735  
Other movements (17) 184  
Currency translation differences 731 816  
Ending balance (12,540) (12,564) $ (15,624)
Defined benefit plan assets | Germany      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance (2,538)    
Ending balance (2,730) (2,538)  
Defined benefit plan assets | Canada (Federal)      
Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items]      
Beginning balance (3,497)    
Ending balance $ (3,504) $ (3,497)