v3.25.2
Expenses by Nature
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Expenses by Nature [Abstract]  
Expenses by nature

20. Expenses by nature 

 

        For the year ended December 31,  
    Note   2023     2024  
        MYR     MYR     USD  
Cost of revenue                      
- Construction cost           6,041,901       2,170,000       485,513  
- Depreciation and amortization     (ii)     24,888       229,365       51,318  
- Consulting fees     (iii)     2,330,000       6,667,000       1,491,666  
- Vegetable costs           934,681       16,838,559       3,767,437  
- Planting related costs           499,744       59,280       13,263  
- Wages and benefits     (i)     376,560       81,506       18,236  
            10,207,774       26,045,710       5,827,433  

 

      For the year ended December 31, 
   Note  2023   2024 
      MYR   MYR   USD 
Selling and promotion expenses                   
- Entertainment expenses       53,121    22,575    5,051 
- Marketing fees       381,224    186,043    41,625 
        434,345    208,618    46,676 
                    
General and administrative expenses                   
- Director fee   (i),(iv)   120,000    1,000,000    223,739 
- Professional fees       503,556    2,955,710    661,307 
- Wages and benefits   (i)   315,762    1,128,559    252,502 
- Depreciation and amortization   (ii)   274,545    583,049    130,450 
- Commission paid       161,129    145,674    32,592 
- Office expenses       98,567    274,610    61,441 
- Others       1,779    11,862    2,654 
        1,475,338    6,099,464    1,364,685 
Total of cost of revenue, selling and promotion, and general and administrative expenses       12,117,457    32,353,792    7,238,794 
(i) Staff costs

 

    For the year ended December 31, 
    2023   2024 
    MYR   MYR   USD 
Director fee    120,000    1,000,000    223,739 
Salaries and wages    600,833    1,085,888    242,955 
Contributions to social security contribution plan    75,013    105,351    23,571 
Welfare expenses    16,476    18,826    4,212 
     812,322    2,210,065    494,477 

 

(ii) Depreciation and amortization

 

    For the year ended December 31, 
    2023   2024 
    MYR   MYR   USD 
Property, plant and equipment    47,055    89,117    19,939 
Intangible assets    16,106    243,183    54,409 
Right-of-use assets    236,272    480,114    107,420 
     299,433    812,414    181,768 

 

(iii) The consulting fees mainly comprise design fees of CEA vertical farms, and consultation service fees on operating and managing the CEA vertical farms.

 

  (iv) During the year ended December 31, 2023, the director of the Company, which is also a shareholder of the Company, was entitled to an annual salary of MYR 120,000 of which the director waived to receive and was accordingly treated as a contribution by a shareholder.