Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	9 Months Ended
May 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Radius Recycling, Inc. and its majority-owned and wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Company”) have been prepared pursuant to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for Form 10-Q, including Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in U.S. Dollars. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentation. In the opinion of management, all normal, recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement have been included. Management suggests that these Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2024. The results for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2025 and May 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for the entire fiscal year.
Segment Reporting	Segment Reporting The Company acquires and recycles ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal for sale to foreign and domestic metal producers, processors, and brokers, and it procures salvaged vehicles and sells serviceable used auto parts from these vehicles through a network of self-service auto parts stores. Most of these auto parts stores supply the Company’s shredding facilities with auto bodies that are processed into saleable recycled metal products. In addition to the sale of recycled metal products processed at its facilities, the Company provides a variety of recycling and related services. The Company also produces a range of finished steel long products at its electric arc furnace (“EAF”) steel mill using recycled ferrous metal sourced internally from its recycling and joint venture operations and other raw materials. The accounting standards for reporting information about operating segments define an operating segment as a component of an enterprise that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s internal organizational and reporting structure reflects a functionally based, integrated model and includes a single operating and reportable segment.
Merger with Toyota Tsusho America, Inc.	Merger with Toyota Tsusho America, Inc. On March 13, 2025, the Company, Toyota Tsusho America, Inc., a New York corporation (“TAI”), and TAI Merger Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of TAI (“Merger Sub”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) pursuant to which, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub will merge with and into the Company (the “Merger”), with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation in the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of TAI. The Board of Directors and the shareholders of the Company have approved the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Merger. Refer to Note 13 - Merger with TAI, for more detailed information regarding the Merger.
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include short-term securities that are not restricted by third parties and have an original maturity date of 90 days or less. Included in accounts payable are book overdrafts representing outstanding payments in excess of funds on deposit of $52 million and $59 million as of May 31, 2025 and August 31, 2024, respectively.
Accounts Receivable, net	Accounts Receivable, net Accounts receivable represent amounts primarily due from customers on product and other sales. These accounts receivable, which are reduced by an allowance for credit losses, are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company extends credit to customers under contracts containing customary and explicit payment terms, and payment is generally required within 30 to 60 days of shipment. Nonferrous export sales typically require a deposit prior to shipment. Historically, almost all of the Company’s ferrous export sales have been made with letters of credit. Ferrous and nonferrous metal sales to domestic customers and finished steel sales are generally made on open account, and a portion of these sales are covered by credit insurance. The Company evaluates the collectibility of its accounts receivable based on a combination of factors, including whether sales were made pursuant to letters of credit or required deposits prior to shipment, the aging of customer receivable balances, the financial condition of the Company’s customers, historical collection rates, and economic trends. Management uses this evaluation to estimate the amount of customer receivables that may not be collected in the future and records a provision for expected credit losses. Accounts are written off when all efforts to collect have been exhausted. Also included in accounts receivable are short-term advances to scrap metal suppliers used as a mechanism to acquire unprocessed scrap metal. The advances are generally repaid with scrap metal, as opposed to cash. Repayments of advances with scrap metal are treated as noncash operating activities in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and totaled $12 million and $9 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Other Assets	Prepaid Expenses The Company’s prepaid expenses, reported within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, totaled $15 million and $22 million as of May 31, 2025 and August 31, 2024, respectively, and consisted primarily of prepaid services, deposits on capital projects, insurance, and property taxes. Other Assets The Company’s other assets, exclusive of prepaid expenses and assets relating to certain employee benefit plans, consisted primarily of receivables from insurers, advances to a supplier of metals recycling equipment, short-term certificates of deposit, capitalized implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements, major spare parts and equipment, assets held for sale, equity investments, debt issuance costs, and notes and other contractual receivables. Other assets are reported within either prepaid expenses and other current assets or other assets in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets based on their expected use either during or beyond the current operating cycle of one year from the reporting date. Receivables from insurers represent the portion of insured losses expected to be recovered from the Company’s insurers under various insurance policies, or from a Qualified Settlement Fund holding settlement amounts deposited by certain insurers of claims against the Company related to the Portland Harbor Superfund site. The receivables are recorded at an amount not to exceed the recorded loss and only if the terms of legally enforceable insurance contracts support that the insurance recovery will not be disputed and is deemed collectible, or if recovery of the loss by the Company from a Qualified Settlement Fund is probable. Receivables from insurers as of each reporting date relate to environmental claims, workers’ compensation claims, and third-party claims. As of May 31, 2025, receivables from insurers totaled $17 million, including $14 million relating to environmental claims. As of August 31, 2024, receivables from insurers totaled $15 million, including $13 million relating to environmental claims. Other assets as of May 31, 2025 and August 31, 2024 included $24 million and $18 million, respectively, representing advances to a supplier of metals recycling equipment. Other assets as of both May 31, 2025 and August 31, 2024 included $6 million related to funding for remediation costs of a legacy environmental matter held in short-term certificates of deposit and is reported within prepaid expenses and other current assets. Other assets as of May 31, 2025 and August 31, 2024 also included $6 million and $7 million, respectively, of capitalized cloud computing arrangement implementation costs. Amortization of capitalized implementation costs is recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the cloud computing arrangement, which is the non-cancellable period of the agreement, together with periods covered by renewal options which the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. This amortization expense is reported within operating expense, separately from depreciation and amortization expense for property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Accounting for Impacts of Involuntary Events	Accounting for Impacts of Involuntary Events Assets destroyed or damaged as a result of involuntary events are written off or reduced in carrying value to their salvage value. When recovery of all or a portion of the amount of property damage loss or other covered expenses through insurance proceeds is demonstrated to be probable, a receivable is recorded and offsets the loss or expense up to the amount of the total loss or expense. No gain is recorded until all contingencies related to the insurance claim have been resolved. On December 8, 2021, the Company experienced a fire at its metals recycling facility in Everett, Massachusetts. Direct physical loss or damage to property from the incident was limited to the facility’s shredder building and equipment, with no bodily injuries and no physical loss or damage to property reported at other buildings or equipment. The repair and replacement of most property that experienced physical loss or damage, primarily buildings and improvements, was substantially completed by the end of fiscal 2023. The Company filed insurance claims for the property that experienced physical loss or damage and business income losses resulting from the matter. During the first half of fiscal 2024, the Company recognized a $6 million insurance receivable and related insurance recovery gain, reported within cost of goods sold on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the third quarter of fiscal 2024, the Company reached a full and final settlement with its insurers for its claims and recognized an additional $7 million insurance recovery gain, reflecting the recovery of applicable losses including business income losses incurred as a result of the fire. All insurance proceeds and recovery gains in connection with the Company’s claims had been received and recognized, respectively, as of August 31, 2024.
Goodwill	Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the net amount of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination measured at fair value. The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually on July 1 and upon the occurrence of certain triggering events or substantive changes in circumstances that indicate that the fair value of goodwill may be impaired. Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment (referred to as a “component”). A component of an operating segment is required to be identified as a reporting unit if the component is a business for which discrete financial information is available and segment management regularly reviews its operating results. When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company elects to perform a qualitative assessment and determines that an impairment is more-likely-than-not, the Company is then required to perform the quantitative impairment test; otherwise no further analysis is required. The Company also may elect not to perform the qualitative assessment and, instead, proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test. When performing the quantitative impairment test, the Company applies a one-step quantitative test and records the amount of goodwill impairment as the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. When the Company performs a quantitative goodwill impairment test, it considers both the income approach and market approach to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit. The determination of fair value involves the use of estimates and assumptions, including regarding revenue growth rates driven by future ferrous and nonferrous commodity price and sales volume expectations, gross margins, selling, general, and administrative expense relative to total revenues, capital expenditures, working capital requirements, discount rate based on a market-based weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”), tax rate, terminal growth rate, benefits associated with a taxable transaction, and synergistic benefits available to market participants. In addition, to corroborate the reporting unit’s income approach valuation, as well as to estimate the fair value of the Company’s other reporting units, including those with no allocated goodwill, the Company uses a market approach based on earnings multiple data, and it performs a reconciliation of its estimate of the aggregate fair value of all reporting units to the Company’s market capitalization, including consideration of a control premium. See Note 3 - Goodwill for further detail including the recognition of a goodwill impairment charge of $216 million during the fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2024.
Concentration of Credit Risk	Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and derivative financial instruments. The majority of cash and cash equivalents is maintained with major financial institutions. Balances with these and certain other institutions exceeded the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured amount of $250 thousand as of May 31, 2025. Concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is limited because a large number of geographically diverse customers make up the Company’s customer base. The Company controls credit risk through credit approvals, credit limits, credit insurance, letters of credit or other collateral, cash deposits, and monitoring procedures. The Company is exposed to a residual credit risk with respect to open letters of credit by virtue of the possibility of the failure of a bank providing a letter of credit. The counterparties to the Company’s derivative financial instruments are major financial institutions.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Recent Accounting Pronouncements In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 2024-03 (“ASU 2024-03”), Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, requiring additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement. The new standard requires disclosures about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement as well as disclosures about selling expenses. The provisions in ASU 2024-03 are effective for the Company’s fiscal 2028, and interim periods within the Company’s fiscal 2029 and are applied prospectively. Early adoption and retrospective application of the new standard are permitted. As the provisions only apply to disclosures, the Company does not expect adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2025

The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Radius Recycling, Inc. and its majority-owned and wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Company”) have been prepared pursuant to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for Form 10-Q, including Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in U.S. Dollars. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentation. In the opinion of management, all normal, recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement have been included. Management suggests that these Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2024. The results for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2025 and May 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for the entire fiscal year.

Segment Reporting

The Company acquires and recycles ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal for sale to foreign and domestic metal producers, processors, and brokers, and it procures salvaged vehicles and sells serviceable used auto parts from these vehicles through a network of self-service auto parts stores. Most of these auto parts stores supply the Company’s shredding facilities with auto bodies that are processed into saleable recycled metal products. In addition to the sale of recycled metal products processed at its facilities, the Company provides a variety of recycling and related services. The Company also produces a range of finished steel long products at its electric arc furnace (“EAF”) steel mill using recycled ferrous metal sourced internally from its recycling and joint venture operations and other raw materials.

The accounting standards for reporting information about operating segments define an operating segment as a component of an enterprise that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s internal organizational and reporting structure reflects a functionally based, integrated model and includes a single operating and reportable segment.

Merger with Toyota Tsusho America, Inc.

On March 13, 2025, the Company, Toyota Tsusho America, Inc., a New York corporation (“TAI”), and TAI Merger Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of TAI (“Merger Sub”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) pursuant to which, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub will merge with and into the Company (the “Merger”), with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation in the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of TAI. The Board of Directors and the shareholders of the Company have approved the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Merger. Refer to Note 13 - Merger with TAI, for more detailed information regarding the Merger.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include short-term securities that are not restricted by third parties and have an original maturity date of 90 days or less. Included in accounts payable are book overdrafts representing outstanding payments in excess of funds on deposit of $52 million and $59 million as of May 31, 2025 and August 31, 2024, respectively.

Accounts Receivable, net

Accounts receivable represent amounts primarily due from customers on product and other sales. These accounts receivable, which are reduced by an allowance for credit losses, are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company extends credit to customers under contracts containing customary and explicit payment terms, and payment is generally required within 30 to 60 days of shipment. Nonferrous export sales typically require a deposit prior to shipment. Historically, almost all of the Company’s ferrous export sales have been made with letters of credit. Ferrous and nonferrous metal sales to domestic customers and finished steel sales are generally made on open account, and a portion of these sales are covered by credit insurance.

The Company evaluates the collectibility of its accounts receivable based on a combination of factors, including whether sales were made pursuant to letters of credit or required deposits prior to shipment, the aging of customer receivable balances, the financial condition of the Company’s customers, historical collection rates, and economic trends. Management uses this evaluation to estimate the amount of customer receivables that may not be collected in the future and records a provision for expected credit losses. Accounts are written off when all efforts to collect have been exhausted.

Also included in accounts receivable are short-term advances to scrap metal suppliers used as a mechanism to acquire unprocessed scrap metal. The advances are generally repaid with scrap metal, as opposed to cash. Repayments of advances with scrap metal are treated as noncash operating activities in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and totaled $12 million and $9 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Other Assets

Prepaid Expenses

The Company’s prepaid expenses, reported within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, totaled $15 million and $22 million as of May 31, 2025 and August 31, 2024, respectively, and consisted primarily of prepaid services, deposits on capital projects, insurance, and property taxes.

Other Assets

The Company’s other assets, exclusive of prepaid expenses and assets relating to certain employee benefit plans, consisted primarily of receivables from insurers, advances to a supplier of metals recycling equipment, short-term certificates of deposit, capitalized implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements, major spare parts and equipment, assets held for sale, equity investments, debt issuance costs, and notes and other contractual receivables. Other assets are reported within either prepaid expenses and other current assets or other assets in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets based on their expected use either during or beyond the current operating cycle of one year from the reporting date.

Receivables from insurers represent the portion of insured losses expected to be recovered from the Company’s insurers under various insurance policies, or from a Qualified Settlement Fund holding settlement amounts deposited by certain insurers of claims against the Company related to the Portland Harbor Superfund site. The receivables are recorded at an amount not to exceed the recorded loss and only if the terms of legally enforceable insurance contracts support that the insurance recovery will not be disputed and is deemed collectible, or if recovery of the loss by the Company from a Qualified Settlement Fund is probable. Receivables from insurers as of each reporting date relate to environmental claims, workers’ compensation claims, and third-party claims. As of May 31, 2025, receivables from insurers totaled $17 million, including $14 million relating to environmental claims. As of August 31, 2024, receivables from insurers totaled $15 million, including $13 million relating to environmental claims.

Other assets as of May 31, 2025 and August 31, 2024 included $24 million and $18 million, respectively, representing advances to a supplier of metals recycling equipment.

Other assets as of both May 31, 2025 and August 31, 2024 included $6 million related to funding for remediation costs of a legacy environmental matter held in short-term certificates of deposit and is reported within prepaid expenses and other current assets.

Other assets as of May 31, 2025 and August 31, 2024 also included $6 million and $7 million, respectively, of capitalized cloud computing arrangement implementation costs. Amortization of capitalized implementation costs is recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the cloud computing arrangement, which is the non-cancellable period of the agreement, together with periods covered by renewal options which the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. This amortization expense is reported within operating expense, separately from depreciation and amortization expense for property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Accounting for Impacts of Involuntary Events

Assets destroyed or damaged as a result of involuntary events are written off or reduced in carrying value to their salvage value. When recovery of all or a portion of the amount of property damage loss or other covered expenses through insurance proceeds is demonstrated to be probable, a receivable is recorded and offsets the loss or expense up to the amount of the total loss or expense. No gain is recorded until all contingencies related to the insurance claim have been resolved.

On December 8, 2021, the Company experienced a fire at its metals recycling facility in Everett, Massachusetts. Direct physical loss or damage to property from the incident was limited to the facility’s shredder building and equipment, with no bodily injuries and no

physical loss or damage to property reported at other buildings or equipment. The repair and replacement of most property that experienced physical loss or damage, primarily buildings and improvements, was substantially completed by the end of fiscal 2023. The Company filed insurance claims for the property that experienced physical loss or damage and business income losses resulting from the matter. During the first half of fiscal 2024, the Company recognized a $6 million insurance receivable and related insurance recovery gain, reported within cost of goods sold on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the third quarter of fiscal 2024, the Company reached a full and final settlement with its insurers for its claims and recognized an additional $7 million insurance recovery gain, reflecting the recovery of applicable losses including business income losses incurred as a result of the fire. All insurance proceeds and recovery gains in connection with the Company’s claims had been received and recognized, respectively, as of August 31, 2024.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the net amount of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination measured at fair value. The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually on July 1 and upon the occurrence of certain triggering events or substantive changes in circumstances that indicate that the fair value of goodwill may be impaired. Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment (referred to as a “component”). A component of an operating segment is required to be identified as a reporting unit if the component is a business for which discrete financial information is available and segment management regularly reviews its operating results.

When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company elects to perform a qualitative assessment and determines that an impairment is more-likely-than-not, the Company is then required to perform the quantitative impairment test; otherwise no further analysis is required. The Company also may elect not to perform the qualitative assessment and, instead, proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test. When performing the quantitative impairment test, the Company applies a one-step quantitative test and records the amount of goodwill impairment as the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

When the Company performs a quantitative goodwill impairment test, it considers both the income approach and market approach to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit. The determination of fair value involves the use of estimates and assumptions, including regarding revenue growth rates driven by future ferrous and nonferrous commodity price and sales volume expectations, gross margins, selling, general, and administrative expense relative to total revenues, capital expenditures, working capital requirements, discount rate based on a market-based weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”), tax rate, terminal growth rate, benefits associated with a taxable transaction, and synergistic benefits available to market participants. In addition, to corroborate the reporting unit’s income approach valuation, as well as to estimate the fair value of the Company’s other reporting units, including those with no allocated goodwill, the Company uses a market approach based on earnings multiple data, and it performs a reconciliation of its estimate of the aggregate fair value of all reporting units to the Company’s market capitalization, including consideration of a control premium. See Note 3 - Goodwill for further detail including the recognition of a goodwill impairment charge of $216 million during the fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2024.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and derivative financial instruments. The majority of cash and cash equivalents is maintained with major financial institutions. Balances with these and certain other institutions exceeded the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured amount of $250 thousand as of May 31, 2025. Concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is limited because a large number of geographically diverse customers make up the Company’s customer base. The Company controls credit risk through credit approvals, credit limits, credit insurance, letters of credit or other collateral, cash deposits, and monitoring procedures. The Company is exposed to a residual credit risk with respect to open letters of credit by virtue of the possibility of the failure of a bank providing a letter of credit. The counterparties to the Company’s derivative financial instruments are major financial institutions.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 2024-03 (“ASU 2024-03”), Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, requiring additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement. The new standard requires disclosures about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement as well as disclosures about selling expenses. The provisions in ASU 2024-03 are effective for the Company’s fiscal 2028, and interim periods within the Company’s fiscal 2029 and are applied prospectively. Early adoption and retrospective application of the new standard are permitted. As the provisions only apply to disclosures, the Company does not expect adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.