NOTE－1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Principal Activities

iOThree Limited (“iO3 Cayman”) was incorporated in the Cayman Islands on August 21, 2023 under the Companies Act as an exempted company with limited liability. The authorized share capital is $50,000 divided into 5,000,000 Ordinary Shares, at par value of US$0.01 each. On January 19, 2024, the authorized share capital increased to US$500,000 divided into 50,000,000 Ordinary Shares, at par value of US$0.01 each.

iO3 Cayman, through its subsidiaries (collectively with iO3 Cayman, the “Company”) are mainly engaged in the business of satellite communications and software.

Description of subsidiaries incorporated and controlled by the Company as at balance sheet date:

Reorganization

On August 21, 2023, our founder and Chief Executive Officer, Eng Chye Koh, incorporated iOThree Maritime Technologies Limited (“iO3 BVI”), a holding company incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands, which has no substantial operations in the British Virgin Islands. On September 4, 2023, iO3 Cayman acquired 100% of the equity interests of iO3 BVI from Mr. Koh.

On October 6, 2023, as part of a reorganization for the purpose of this offering and listing on Nasdaq, iO3 BVI (at the direction of iO3 Cayman), acquired the entire equity interest in iO3 Singapore from its shareholders, namely Eng Chye Koh, Joanna Hui Cheng Soh, Zhenhua Yin, Wei Meng See, Loo Koon Goh and Tsang Nga Kwok, and as consideration, iO3 Cayman allotted and issued its shares to Tsang Nga Kwok and iO3 Strategic Investments Limited, which is owned by Eng Chye Koh, Joanna Hui Cheng Soh, Zhenhua Yin, Wei Meng See and Loo Koon Goh (i.e., iO3 Cayman allotted and issued an aggregate of 50,000 Ordinary Shares of par value of US$0.01 each of iO3 Cayman credited as fully paid to Tsang Nga Kwok and iO3 Strategic Investments Limited for a consideration of US$1,630,695 determined based on the net assets of iO3 Singapore as at March 31, 2023, which is settled by the transfer of an aggregate of 147,360 ordinary shares of iO3 Singapore to iO3 BVI). After the reorganization, iO3 Singapore became a wholly-owned subsidiary of iO3 BVI, which in turn, is our wholly-owned subsidiary.

On February 8, 2024, as of the final step in the series of reorganization transactions for the purpose of this offering and listing on Nasdaq, each shareholder of iO3 Cayman (i.e., iO3 Strategic Investments Limited, All Wealthy International Limited, Tsang Nga Kwok, One Investment and Consultancy Limited, Sakal Capital Pte. Ltd. and Shao Qi Limited) was allotted and issued shares in iO3 Cayman that were in proportion to their existing shareholdings, credited as fully paid up at par value out of the share premium account of iO3 Cayman. After such allotment and issuance, the total number of issued and outstanding shares of iO3 Cayman increased from 100,000 Ordinary Shares to 15,000,000 Ordinary Shares.

The financial statements of the Company were prepared on the basis as if the reorganization became effective as of the beginning of the first period presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company. Accordingly, the results of the Company include the results of the subsidiaries for year ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. Such manner of presentation reflects the economic substance of the companies, which were under common control throughout the relevant period, as a single economic enterprise, although the legal parent-subsidiary relationships were not established.

Forward Share Consolidation and Share Split

On August 22, 2024, the Company conducted share consolidation and share split as follow:

(a) Share consolidated at the ratio of 1:5, i.e. every 5 ordinary shares were consolidated to 1 ordinary share; and

(b) Share split at the ratio of 8:1, i.e. every 1 ordinary share was subdivided into 8 ordinary shares.

Subsequent to the above exercise, the Company has an authorised share of 80,000,000 ordinary shares of par value US$0.00625 each and 24,000,000 ordinary shares outstanding. All share and per share data prior to August 22, 2024 have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the forward share consolidation and share split throughout these consolidated financial statements.