v3.25.2
Income Tax (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

The components of income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2023 and 2024 are as follows:

 

  

For the years ended

December 31,

 
   2022
(RMB)
   2023
(RMB)
   2024
(RMB)
 
Current income tax expense   
    66    704 
Deferred income tax expense/(benefit)   
    2,302    (1,676)
Total income tax expense/(benefit)   
    2,368    (972)
Schedule of Reconciliation of the Actual Income Tax Expense

A reconciliation of the actual income tax expense to the amount computed by applying the PRC statutory income tax rate of 25% to income (loss) before tax is as follows:

 

  

For the years ended

December 31,

 
   2022
(RMB)
   2023
(RMB)
   2024
(RMB)
 
Loss before income tax   14,797    4,004    (4,804)
Expected tax expense at statutory rate   (3,699)   (1,001)   1201 
Parent-subsidiary tax rate differential   
    
    (940)
Effect of tax rate differences   3,616    (292)   (1,545)
Additional deduction for R&D expenses   (498)   (878)   (1,090)
Impact of tax rate change on deferred taxes   (3,961)   (4,234)   (237)
Non-deductible expenses   (110)   18    479 
Non-taxable income   (175)   
    
 
Change in valuation allowance   4,827    8,755    1,160 
Total income tax expense/(benefit)   
    2,368    (972)
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2023 and 2024 are as follows:

  

As of December 31,

 
   2022
(RMB)
   2023
(RMB)
   2024
(RMB)
 
Net operating loss carryforward   19,506    27,145    31,334 
Advertising expenses   37    37    37 
Impairment/disposal of property and equipment   6,079    6,847    6,954 
Deferred revenue   7,719    7,412    7,385 
GAAP differences – others   53    392    (172)
Allowance for credit losses   126    335    517 
Net deferred tax liabilities offset   
-
    (790)   (3,517)
Less: Valuation allowance   (33,520)   (41,378)   (42,538)
Total net deferred tax assets   
-
    -    - 
   As of December 31, 
   2022
(RMB)
   2023
(RMB)
   2024
(RMB)
 
Unbilled revenue   
-
    (3,092)   (4,143)
Total   
-
    (3,092)   (4,143)
Deferred tax assets offset   
-
    790    3,517 
Net deferred tax liabilities   
-
    (2,302)   (626)
Schedule of the Group Recognized Valuation Allowances

As of December 31, 2023 and 2024, the Group recognized valuation allowances of RMB 41,378 thousand and RMB 42,538 thousand, respectively. 

 

   As of December 31, 
   2023
(RMB)
   2024
(RMB)
 
Balance at beginning of the year   33,520    41,378 
Additions   9,672    3,916 
Decreases   (917)   2,756 
Prior year true-up   (897)     
Balance at end of the year   41,378    42,538 
Schedule of Net Operating Loss (“NOL”) Carryforwards

As of December 31, 2024, the Group’s net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards in the PRC, if not utilized, will expire in the following years:

 

Expiry Year  NOL Carryforward (RMB
in thousands)
 
2025   1,588 
2026   7,105 
2027   19,619 
2028   12,369 
2029   19,715 
2030   12,565 
2031   9,223 
2032   18,311 
2033   12,022 
2034   14,084 
Total   126,601