| Significant related party transactions and balances |
23.Significant related party transactions and balances The Group’s relationships with related parties who had transaction with the Group are summarised as follows: | | | Related parties name | | Relationship to the Company | Amber Global Ltd | | Ultimate holding company | Amber AI Ltd | | Affiliates | Amber Technologies Service Pte Ltd | | Affiliates | WhaleFin Technologies Ltd | | Affiliates | Amber Technologies Ltd | | Affiliates | Amber Vault AUS Pty. Ltd. | | Affiliates | Amber Technologies Global Pte Ltd | | Affiliates | Amber Technologies North America Ltd | | Affiliates | Lead Accelerating Limited | | Affiliates | WhaleFin Markets Ltd | | Affiliates | Amber Custodian Services Ltd | | Affiliates | Gamma Digital Ltd | | Affiliates | Amber Mega Ltd | | Affiliates | Amber Macro Holding Ltd | | Affiliates |
23.Significant related party transactions and balances (Continued) In addition to the related party information disclosed elsewhere in the financial statements, the following transactions with related parties took place at terms agreed between the parties during the financial period: | | | | | | | December 31, 2024 | | December 31, 2023 | | | US$ | | US$ | Amber Global Limited | | | | | Interest expenses | | — | | 41,878 | | | | | | Gamma Digital Ltd | | | | | Service income | | (4,500) | | — | | | | | | Amber Technologies Service Pte Ltd | | | | | Service income | | (29,625) | | — | | | | | | WhaleFin Markets Ltd | | | | | Service income | | (47,761) | | — | | | | | | WhaleFin Technologies Ltd | | | | | Revenue | | (1,549,321) | | (554,381) | Cost of sales | | 20,382 | | 13,940 | Interest expenses | | 22,685 | | — | Other income | | (4,043) | | (2,500) | | | | | | Amber Technologies North America Ltd | | | | | Outsourcing /support fee | | 6,718 | | — | | | | | | Amber Technologies Limited | | | | | Revenue | | — | | (1,370,178) | Cost of sales | | — | | 29,613 | | | | | | Lead Accelerating Limited | | | | | Revenue | | (2,871,129) | | — | Cost of sales | | 14,131 | | — | | | | | | Amber Technologies Global Pte Ltd | | | | | Outsourcing /support fee | | — | | 29,573 | Interest expenses | | — | | 13,951 | | | | | | Rigsec Technology Ltd | | | | | Service fee | | 58,500 | | — |
23.Significant related party transactions and balances (Continued) Amounts due from related parties | | | | | | | December 31, 2024 | | June 30, 2024 | | | US$ | | US$ | Trade | | | | | Rigsec Technology Ltd | | — | | 25,000 | Gamma Digital Ltd | | 4,500 | | — | Lead Accelerating Ltd | | 4,108,208 | | — | | | | | | Non-trade | | | | | Amber AI Ltd | | 124,552 | | 400,000 | Amber Technologies Global Pte Ltd | | 47,476 | | 47,476 | Amber Technologies Services Pte Ltd | | 65,578 | | 35,953 | WhaleFin Technologies Ltd | | 1,657,103 | | 6,594,664 | WhaleFin Markets Ltd | | 5,500,512 | | 5,115,549 | Amber Custodian Services Ltd | | 14,505 | | 1,622 | Amber Global Ltd | | — | | | Amber Mega Ltd | | 5,000 | | | Amber Macro Holding Ltd | | 5,477 | | | | | 11,532,911 | | 12,220,264 |
These non-trade receivables mainly pertained to expenses paid on behalf for related parties The amounts due from related parties are trade in nature, unsecured, interest-free and with the credit term 30 days (June 30, 2024: 30 days). The amounts due from related parties are non-trade in nature, unsecured, interest-free and payable on demand. The currency profile of the Group’s amount due from related parties at the end of the reporting date are as follows: | | | | | | | December 31, 2024 | | June 30, 2024 | | | US$ | | US$ | United States Dollar | | 4,447,227 | | 9,206,835 | Singapore Dollar | | 47,476 | | 83,429 | Hong Kong Dollar | | 2,930,000 | | 2,930,000 | | | 7,424,703 | | 12,220,264 |
The following table sets forth the fair value of the amounts due from related parties that were denominated in digital assets as the end of the financial period/year was as follows: | | | | | | | December 31, 2024 | | June 30, 2024 | | | US$ | | US$ | BTC | | 4,130,201 | | — | ETH | | 154,825 | | — | ADA | | (34,605) | | — | BCH | | (13,033) | | — | DOT | | (10,427) | | | XRP | | (118,753) | | — | | | 4,108,208 | | — |
23.Significant related party transactions and balances (Continued) Amounts due to related parties | | | | | | | December 31, 2024 | | June 30, 2024 | | | US$ | | US$ | Trade | | | | | Lead Accelerating Ltd | | 1,722,863 | | — | WhaleFin Technologies Ltd | | 8,244,856 | | 117,151 | | | | | | Loan | | | | | Amber Global Ltd (1) | | — | | 29,340,127 | Amber Global Ltd (2) | | — | | 5,398,040 | Amber Global Ltd (3) | | — | | 3,000,000 | WhaleFin Technologies Ltd (4) | | — | | 1,505,302 | | | | | | Non-trade | | | | | Amber Technologies Global Pte Ltd | | 319 | | 3,029 | Amber AI Ltd | | 4,986 | | 410,493 | Amber Technologies Services PTE Ltd | | — | | 1,659 | Amber Technologies North America Ltd | | 6,718 | | — | WhaleFin Technologies Ltd | | | | 132,779 | Amber Vault AUS Pty. Ltd | | | | 323 | | | 9,979,742 | | 39,908,903 |
The amounts due to related parties are trade in nature, unsecured, interest-free and credit term 30 days. | (1) | The loan payable to Amber Global Ltd is in cryptocurrency, unsecured, bearing interest at 3.00% per annum and repayable in 12 months term. Due to fluctuations of fair value of cryptocurrency, the Company incurred unrealized fair value loss on digital assets loan approximately unrealized fair value loss US$12,200,000 on June 30, 2024. |
The Group had repaid partial of cryptocurrency loan with related parties and incurred realized fair value gain on digital assets loan approximately US$500,000 on June 30, 2024. This loan was waived on December 31, 2024 | (2) | The loan payable to Amber Global Ltd is in fiat currency for the purpose of working capital purpose, unsecured, interest free and repayable on demand. This loan has been waived on December 31, 2024 |
| (3) | The loan payable to Amber Global Ltd is in fiat currency and novated from Whalefin Markets Ltd to the Group. The loan is unsecured, interest free and repayable on demand. This loan was novated on December 31, 2024. |
| (4) | The loan payable to WhaleFin Technologies Ltd is in fiat currency, unsecured, bearing interest at 3% per annum and repayable in 12 months term. This loan was waived on December 31, 2024. |
From November 2022 to July 2023, the fiat loan payable due to Amber Technologies Global Pte Ltd is unsecured, bearing interest at 7.00% per annum and repayable on demand. From August 2023, the relevant fiat loan payable due to Amber Technologies Global Pte Ltd is novated to Amber Global Ltd, and is interest-free. 23.Significant related party transactions and balances (Continued) Amounts due to related parties (Continued) The following table sets forth the amount due to related parties denominated in fiat as the end of the financial year was as follows: | | | | | | | December 31, 2024 | | June 30, 2024 | | | US$ | | US$ | United States Dollar | | 1,728,168 | | 10,451,625 | Singapore Dollar | | 6,718 | | | Total | | 1,734,886 | | 10,451,625 |
The following table sets forth the fair value of the amount due to related parties that were denominated in digital assets as the end of the financial period/year was as follows: | | | | | | | December 31, | | June 30, | | | 2024 | | 2024 | | | US$ | | US$ | BTC | | 5,261,993 | | 16,950,714 | ETH | | 531,827 | | 6,673,324 | USDC | | 2,354,041 | | 5,928,549 | USDT | | 98,266 | | (95,275) | Others | | (1,271) | | (34) | Total | | 8,244,856 | | 29,457,278 |
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