Note 1 — Organization and Basis of Presentation

Organization and Nature of Operations

Onconetix, Inc. (formerly known as Blue Water Biotech, Inc. and Blue Water Vaccines Inc.) (the “Company” or “Onconetix”) was formed on October 26, 2018, and is a commercial stage biotechnology company focused on the research, development, and commercialization of innovative solutions for men’s health and oncology.

On December 15, 2023, Onconetix acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding voting equity interests in Proteomedix AG, a Swiss company (“Proteomedix” or “PMX”), and its related diagnostic product Proclarix. As a result of this transaction, Proteomedix became a wholly owned subsidiary of Onconetix. Proteomedix is a healthcare company whose mission is to transform prostate cancer diagnosis. Proteomedix has identified novel biomarker signatures with utility in prostate cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy management.

In April 2023, the Company acquired ENTADFI, a Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”)-approved, once daily pill that combines finasteride and tadalafil for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Historically, the Company’s focus was on the research and development of transformational vaccines to prevent infectious diseases worldwide, until the third quarter of 2023, at which time the Company halted its efforts on vaccine development activities to focus on commercialization activities for ENTADFI and pursue other potential acquisitions. However, in light of (i) the time and resources needed to continue pursuing commercialization of ENTADFI, and (ii) the Company’s cash runway and indebtedness, the Company has abandoned commercialization of ENTADFI and is still working with an investment advisor to assist with the potential sale or other transaction of the ENTADFI assets. There is currently no plan to resume commercialization of ENTADFI, and as such, if the Company is not able to consummate a sale or other transaction of the ENTADFI assets, it may abandon the assets and destroy its inventory of the product. Based on the circumstances surrounding ENTADFI, the ENTADFI assets were fully impaired at June 30, 2024 (see Note 4).

On April 21, 2023, the Company filed an amendment to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of Delaware to change its corporate name from “Blue Water Vaccines Inc.” to “Blue Water Biotech, Inc.” The name change was effective as of April 21, 2023. On December 15, 2023, the Company filed an amendment to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of Delaware to change its corporate name from “Blue Water Biotech, Inc.” to “Onconetix, Inc.” In connection with each of the name changes, the Company also amended the Company’s bylaws to reflect the new corporate name.

Reverse Stock Split

On September 24, 2024, the Company effected a reverse stock split of all shares of its issued and outstanding Common Stock at a ratio of one-for-forty (1:40). The Company accounted for the reverse stock split on a retrospective basis pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 260, Earnings Per Share. All issued and outstanding common stock, common stock warrants, and share-based awards’ exercise prices and per share data have been adjusted in these condensed consolidated financial statements, on a retrospective basis, to reflect the reverse stock split for all periods presented. The number of authorized shares and par value of the preferred stock and common stock were not adjusted because of the reverse stock split.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the accounts of Onconetix and its 100% wholly owned subsidiary, Proteomedix, since the acquisition date of December 15, 2023. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2025, and the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and the condensed consolidated statements of convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity (deficit) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, and the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are unaudited. These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements, and in management’s opinion, include all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2025 and its results of operations and comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, and its cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. The financial data and the other financial information disclosed in the notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements related to the three-month periods are also unaudited. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2025, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ended December 31, 2025, any other interim periods, or any future year or period. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which includes a broader discussion of the Company’s business and the risks inherent therein.