Impairment of Non-Financial Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Impairment of Non-Financial Assets [Abstract]

Schedule of Impairment for Goodwill

Goodwill is monitored by management at the level of entities. Summary of the goodwill allocation is presented below:

2023		AD2		SC+ST		POLYDICE		MG		Dragon		Total
Goodwill		1,882,400		5,428,655		2,361,421		51,069,453		—		60,741,929

2024		AD2		SC+ST		POLYDICE		MG		Dragon		Total
Goodwill		1,387,596		5,084,294		—		25,544,313		1,943,850		33,960,053

Schedule of Significant Goodwill Allocated

The following table sets out the key assumptions for those CGUs that have significant goodwill allocated to them:

2023		AD2		SC + ST		POLYDICE		MG
Sales (annual growth rate)		12%		1%~12%		11%		5%~33%
Budgeted gross margin		50%		20%		85%		30%~43%
Operating expense		32%~44%		4%~5%		49%~71%		24%~28%
Annual capital expenditure		$29,306~~$39,075		$19,538		$14,653		$488,000~~$1,830,000
Long-term growth rate		1.5%		1.5%		1.5%		1.5%
Pre-tax discount rate		14.9%		14.9%		14.9%		14.3%

2024		AD2		SC + ST (Note 1)		POLYDICE (Note 2)		MG		Dragon Marketing
Sales (annual growth rate)		3.5%		1~11%		(62%)~10%		11.1%~14.9%		10%~13%
Budgeted gross margin		43.4%		23%		85%		30.2%~36.8%		100%
Operating expense		41%~42%		5%~6%		95%~125%		23.1%~26.5%		54%
Annual capital expenditure		$18,298		$9,149		$13,724		$217,642~~$684,932		~$4,575
Long-term growth rate		1.5%		1.5%		1.5%		1.3%		2.0%
Pre-tax discount rate		13.6%		15.6%		13.4%		10.4%		13.5%

Note 1: SC + ST’s sales is assumed to grow by 11% per annual for years 1 to 2, and by 1% per annual for years 3 to 5, and then resume to a long-term growth rate thereafter.

Note 2: POLYDICE’s sales is presumed to decline by 62% in year 1 due to downsizing of its e-commerce department as market competitions have increased and then grow by 10% per annual in years 2 to 5, before reverting to the long-term growth rate.

Schedule of Key Assumptions

Management has determined the values assigned to each of the above key assumptions as follows:

Assumption		Approach used to determine values
Sales		Average annual growth rate over the five to ten year forecast period; based on past performance, management’s expectations of market development, current industry trends and including long-term inflation forecasts for each territory.
Budgeted gross margin		Based on past performance and management’s expectations for the future.
Operating expense		Management forecasts these costs based on the current structure of the business, adjusting for inflationary increases but not reflecting any future restructurings or cost saving measures.
Annual capital expenditure		Expected cash costs in the CGUs. This is based on the historical experience of management, and the planned refurbishment expenditure. No incremental revenue or cost savings are assumed in the value in use model as a result of this expenditure. For MG, annual capital expenditure is based on a certain percentage derived from historical data in proportion to the projected sales.
Long-term growth rate		This is the weighted average growth rate used to extrapolate cash flows beyond the budget period. The rates are consistent with forecasts included in industry reports.
Pre-tax discount rates		Reflect specific risks relating to the relevant segments and the countries in which they operate.

Schedule of Recoverable Amount Equal of Carrying Amount

The recoverable amount of this CGU would equal its carrying amount if the key assumptions were to change as follows:

		December 31, 2023
		From			To
Pre-tax discount rate		14.9	%		38.9	%
Long-term growth rate		1.5	%		0.5	%

The recoverable amount of this CGU would equal its carrying amount if the key assumptions were to change as follows:

		December 31, 2023						December 31, 2024
		From			To			From			To
Pre-tax discount rate		14.9	%		19.4	%		15.6	%		25.1	%
Long-term growth rate		1.5	%		0.5	%		1.5	%		1.5	%

The recoverable amount of this CGU would equal its carrying amount if the key assumptions were to change as follows:

		December 31, 2023
		From			To
Pre-tax discount rate		14.9	%		24.4	%
Long-term growth rate		1.5	%		1.0	%

The recoverable amount of this CGU would equal its carrying amount if the key assumptions were to change as follows:

		December 31, 2023
		From			To
Pre-tax discount rate		14.3	%		15.3	%
Long-term growth rate		1.5	%		1.0	%

The recoverable amount of this CGU would equal its carrying amount if the key assumptions were to change as follows:

		December 31, 2024
		From			To
Pre-tax discount rate		13.5	%		13.5	%
Long-term growth rate		2.0	%		0.5	%