The change in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended April 30, 2025 was as follows (in thousands):


	Six Months Ended
	April 30, 2025
Beginning balance as of November 1, 2024	$	574,711


Foreign currency translation adjustment	4,399
Balance as of the end of the period	$	579,110

At our last annual test date, August 31, 2024, we evaluated the recoverability of goodwill at each of our seven reporting units with goodwill balances and determined that our goodwill was not impaired. We evaluated for indicators of impairment for all reporting units during the three and six months ended April 30, 2025 and determined that there were no triggering events. For additional information and discussion of change in reporting units and a summary of the change in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment, see Note 14, “Segment Information.”

Amortizable intangible assets consisted of the following as of April 30, 2025 and October 31, 2024 (in thousands):


	April 30, 2025				October 31, 2024
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Customer relationships	$	506,663	$	128,657	$	512,131	$	112,748
Trademarks and trade names	240,199		54,268		243,434		47,685
Patents and other technology	26,082		22,871		25,164		22,387

Total	$	772,944	$	205,796	$	780,729	$	182,820

We had aggregate amortization expense related to intangible assets for the three and six months ended April 30, 2025 of $6.5 million and $17.1 million, respectively, and $3.0 million and $6.2 million for the comparable prior year periods. During the second quarter of 2025, we recorded a one-time adjustment to amortization expense of $3.5 million.

Estimated remaining amortization expense, assuming current intangible balances and no new acquisitions, for future fiscal years as of April 30, 2025 (in thousands):


	Estimated Amortization Expense
2025 (remaining six months)	$	19,906
2026	39,645
2027	39,645
2028	34,412
2029	34,395
Thereafter	399,145
Total	$	567,148