(4) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Accounting

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the accrual basis of accounting.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements of AmpliTech Group, Inc. (“Group” or the “Company”) have been prepared by management in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and pursuant to rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).  Accordingly, they do not include all information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for annual audited financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments of a normal recurring nature, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.

The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025. The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes related thereto for the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, included in Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2025.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

AmpliTech Group, Inc.

Notes To Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the periods presented. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers deposits that can be redeemed on demand and investments and marketable securities that have original maturities of less than three months, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As of March 31, 2025, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were deposited in five financial institutions.

The Company’s policy is to place its cash and cash equivalents with high-quality, major financial and investment institutions to limit the amount of credit exposure. Accounts at each financial institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000. Additionally, cash and cash equivalents maintained with investment institutions are insured by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”) up to $500,000, which includes a $250,000 limit for cash. The investment institution also provides additional “excess of SIPC” coverage, which insures up to $600 million. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had $9,206,167 and $18,749,154 in excess of FDIC, SIPC, and excess SIPC insured limits, respectively. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consists of trade receivables arising from credit sales to customers in the normal course of business. These receivables are recorded at the time of sale, net of an allowance for current expected credit losses. In accordance with ASC Topic 326, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses,” the Company estimates expected credit losses based on historical bad debt experience, the aging of accounts receivable, the current creditworthiness of our customers, prevailing economic conditions, and reasonable and supportable forward-looking information.

An allowance of $0 has been recorded at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

AmpliTech Group, Inc.

Notes To Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

Inventories

Inventories, which consist primarily of raw materials, work in progress and finished goods, are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out basis) or market (net realizable value).

Inventory quantities and related values are analyzed at the end of each fiscal quarter to determine those items that are slow moving and obsolete. An inventory reserve is recorded for those items determined to be slow moving with a corresponding charge to cost of goods sold. Inventory items that are determined obsolete are written off currently with a corresponding charge to cost of goods sold.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the reserve for inventory obsolescence was $1,062,000, respectively.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is provided over the estimated useful lives of the related assets using the straight-line method for financial statement purposes. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or the estimated useful lives of the improvements.

Property and equipment are depreciated as follows:

Schedule of Property and Equipment Depreciated 

Intangible Assets

Definite-lived intangible assets such as customer relationships are subject to amortization. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful life on a straight-line basis. Estimated useful lives are determined considering the period the assets are expected to contribute to future cash flows. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not subject to amortization.

Intangible assets are amortized as follows:

Schedule of Amortization of Intangible Assets 

AmpliTech Group, Inc.

Notes To Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews the carrying value of long-lived assets such as property and equipment, right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, and definite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Circumstances which could trigger a review include, but are not limited to; significant decrease in the market price of the asset; significant adverse changes in the business climate or legal factors; current period cash flow or operating losses combined with a history of losses or a forecast of continuing losses associated with the use of the asset; and current expectation that the asset will more likely than not be sold or disposed of significantly before the end of its estimated useful life.

The recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount of fair value less costs to sell and would no longer be depreciated. The depreciable basis of assets that are impaired and continue in use is their respective fair values. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, there were no indicators of impairment.

Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

We follow the acquisition method of accounting to record the assets and liabilities of acquired businesses at their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition. We initially record goodwill for the amount the consideration transferred exceeds the acquisition-date fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired.

Goodwill and intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually on December 31, or more frequently when events or circumstances indicate an impairment may have occurred. When assessing the recoverability of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, the Company may first assess qualitative factors in determining whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit, including goodwill, or an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. The qualitative assessment is based on several factors, including the current operating environment, industry and market conditions, and overall financial performance. The Company may elect to bypass this qualitative assessment for some or all of its reporting units or other indefinite-lived intangible assets and perform a quantitative assessment, based on management’s judgment.

If we quantitatively test goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for possible impairment, we calculate the fair value for the reporting unit and indefinite-lived assets and compare the amount to their carrying amount. If the fair value of a reporting unit and indefinite-lived asset exceeds their carrying amount, the reporting unit and indefinite-lived assets are not considered impaired. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit and indefinite-lived assets exceed their fair value, the reporting unit and indefinite-lived assets are impaired, and an impairment charge is recognized for the difference.

AmpliTech Group, Inc.

Notes To Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

We estimate the fair value of our reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Considerable management judgment is necessary to evaluate the impact of operating and macroeconomic changes and to estimate the future cash flows used to measure fair value. Our estimates of future cash flows consider past performance, current and anticipated market conditions and internal projections and operating plans. Additional assumptions include forecasted growth rates, estimated discount rates, and estimated royalty rates for our indefinite-lived intangible assets.

Investment Policy-Cost Method

Investments consist of non-controlling equity investments in privately held companies. The Company elected the measurement alternative for these investments without readily determinable fair values and for which the Company does not control or have the ability to exercise considerable influence over operating and financial policies. These investments are accounted for under the cost method of accounting. Under the cost method of accounting, the non-marketable equity securities are carried at cost less any impairment, adjusted for observable price changes of similar investments of the same issuer. Fair value is not estimated for these investments if there are no identified events or changes in circumstances that may influence the fair value of the investment. Under this method, the Company’s share of the earnings or losses of such investee companies is not included in the consolidated balance sheet or consolidated statements of operations. The Company held $348,250 of investments without readily determinable fair values at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. (see Note 10). These investments are included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. There were no indicators of impairment during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Investment in Digital Assets

We account for all digital assets as indefinite-lived intangible assets in accordance with ASC Topic 350, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other.” The Company presents digital assets separately from other intangible assets, recorded as digital assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The digital assets are initially recorded at cost and are subsequently remeasured at cost, net of any impairment losses incurred since acquisition.

We conducted an analysis to identify whether events or changes in circumstances, principally decreases in the quoted prices on active exchanges, indicate that it is more likely than not that our digital assets are impaired. In determining if an impairment has occurred, we consider the lowest market price of one unit of digital asset quoted on the active exchange since acquiring the digital asset. When the then current carrying value of a digital asset exceeds the fair value determined each quarter, an impairment loss has occurred with respect to those digital assets in the amount equal to the difference between their carrying values and the prices determined. Gains are not recorded until realized upon sale(s), at which point they are presented net of any impairment losses for the same digital assets. In determining the gain to be recognized upon sale, we calculate the difference between the sales price and carrying value of the digital assets sold immediately prior to sale.

AmpliTech Group, Inc.

Notes To Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

Leases

We lease property and equipment under finance and operating leases. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, we record the related asset and obligation at the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company has elected not to separate lease and non-lease components for all property leases for the purpose of calculating ROU assets and lease liabilities. Many of our leases include rental escalation clauses, renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into our determination of lease payments when appropriate. When available, we use the rate implicit in the lease to discount lease payments to present value; however, most of our leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, we must estimate our incremental borrowing rate to discount the lease payments based on information available at lease commencement. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest that a lessee would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis considering such factors as lease term and economic environment risks.

Revenue Recognition

We sell our products through a combination of a direct sales force in the United States and independent sales representatives in international markets. Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods based on the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for these goods. This core principle is achieved through the following steps:

Identify the contract with the customer. A contract with a customer exists when (i) we enter into an enforceable contract with a customer that defines each party’s rights regarding the goods to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to these goods, (ii) the contract has commercial substance and, (iii) we determine that collection of substantially all consideration for services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. We do not have significant costs to obtain contracts with customers. For commissions on product sales, we have elected the practical expedient to expense the costs as incurred.

Identify the performance obligations in the contract. Our contracts with customers do not include multiple performance obligations to be completed over a period.

Our performance obligations relate to delivering single-use products to a customer, subject to the shipping terms of the contract. Limited warranties are provided, under which we typically accept returns and provide either replacement parts or refunds. We do not have significant returns. We do not typically offer extended warranty or service plans.

Determine the transaction price. Payment by the customer is due under customary fixed payment terms, and we evaluate if collectability is reasonably assured. None of our contracts as of March 31, 2025 contained a significant financing component. Revenue is recorded at the net sales price, which includes estimates of variable consideration such as product returns, rebates, discounts, and other adjustments. The estimates of variable consideration are based on historical payment experience, historical and projected sales data, and current contract terms. Variable consideration is included in revenue only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of the revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Taxes collected from customers relating to product sales and remitted to governmental authorities are excluded from revenues.

AmpliTech Group, Inc.

Notes To Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract. We typically do not have multiple performance obligations in our contracts with customers. We recognize revenue upon transfer of the product to the customer’s control at contractually stated pricing.

Recognize revenue when or as we satisfy a performance obligation. We generally satisfy performance obligations at a point in time upon either shipment or delivery of goods, in accordance with the terms of each contract with the customer. We do not have significant

service revenue.

Cost of Sales

We include product costs such material, direct labor, overhead costs, production-related depreciation expense, outside labor and production supplies in cost of sales.

Shipping and Handling

Shipping and handling charges are generally incurred at the customer’s expense. However, when billed to our customers, shipping and handling charges are included in net sales for the applicable period, and the corresponding shipping and handling expense is reported in the cost of sales.

Research and Development

In accordance with ASC Topic 730, “Research and Development,” the Company expenses research and development costs as incurred. The major components of research and development costs include payroll, consultants, outside service, and supplies.

Research and development costs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were $739,673 and $276,755, respectively.

Income Taxes

The Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax bases of certain assets and liabilities using tax rates enacted in effect in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. The deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified according to the financial statement classification of the assets and liabilities generating the differences. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The ASC prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The ASC provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had no material unrecognized tax benefits.

AmpliTech Group, Inc.

Notes To Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

Loss Per Share

Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted loss per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the dilutive effect, if any, of common stock equivalents. Common stock equivalents whose effect would be anti-dilutive are not included in diluted loss per share. The Company uses the treasury stock method to determine the dilutive effect, which assumes that all common stock equivalents have been exercised at the beginning of the period and that the funds obtained from those exercises were used to repurchase shares of common stock of the Company at the average closing market price during the period. As of March 31, 2025 and 2024, there were 4,616,942 and 4,600,442, respectively, potential common share equivalents from stock options excluded from the diluted loss per share calculations as their effect is anti-dilutive.

Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that could be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Financial assets are marked to bid prices, and financial liabilities are marked to offer prices. Fair value measurements do not include transaction costs. A fair value hierarchy is used to prioritize the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. Categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value hierarchy is defined in the following three categories:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs available at the measurement date, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that cannot be corroborated by observable market data and reflect the use of significant management judgment.

Cash and cash equivalents, receivables, inventories, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and customer deposits approximate fair value, due to their short-term nature. The carrying value of notes payable and short and long-term debt also approximates fair value since these instruments bear market rates of interest.

AmpliTech Group, Inc.

Notes To Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis relate primarily to long-lived assets, intangible assets, and goodwill, which are remeasured when the derived fair value is below carrying value in the consolidated balance sheets.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC Topic 718, “Share-Based Payments.” All transactions in which goods or services are the consideration received for the issuance of equity instruments are accounted for based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. Equity instruments issued to employees and the cost of the services received as consideration are measured and recognized based on the fair value of the equity instruments issued and are recognized over the employees required service period, which is generally the vesting period.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable.

The Company places its cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities with high-quality, major financial and investment institutions to limit the amount of credit exposure. For accounts receivable, the Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for potential credit losses.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which updates reportable segment disclosure requirements by requiring disclosures of significant reportable segment expenses that are regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) and included within each reported measure of a segment’s profit or loss. ASU 2023-07 also requires disclosure of the title and position of the individual identified as the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measures of a segment’s profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. ASU 2023-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The adoption of ASU 2023-07 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-05, “Business Combinations—Joint Venture Formations (Subtopic 805-60): Recognition and Initial Measurement,” which requires a newly-formed joint venture to apply a new basis of accounting to its contributed net assets, resulting in the joint venture initially measuring its contributed net assets at fair value on the formation date. ASU 2023-05 is effective for all joint venture formations with a formation date on or after January 1, 2025, with early adoption permitted. These amendments are to be applied prospectively, with retrospective application permitted for joint ventures formed before the effective date. The adoption of ASU 2023-05 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which enhances the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures by requiring; (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. It also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted. These amendments are to be applied prospectively, with retrospective application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

AmpliTech Group, Inc.

Notes To Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses,” which requires the disaggregated disclosure of specific expense categories, including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and amortization included in each relevant expense caption presented on the statement of operations. The standard also requires disclosure of qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively, as well as the total amount of selling expenses and an entity’s definition of selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

The Company currently believes there are no other issued and not yet effective accounting standards that are materially relevant to its consolidated financial statements.