12. Share-based Compensation

Share-based compensation (including restricted stock awards) represents both stock option-based expense and stock grant expense. The following table sets forth the composition of stock compensation expense included in general and administrative expense for the periods then ended:

The Company’s stock incentive plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and authorizes the grant or award of incentive stock options (ISO), nonqualified stock options (NQSO), restricted stock awards (RSA), restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalent rights, performance unit awards and phantom shares. The Company issues new shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options.

Restricted Stock

The Company records the fair value of all restricted stock shares based on the grant date fair value and amortizes stock compensation on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. Restricted stock shares are issued when vested and included in the total number of common shares issued and outstanding. There were no restricted stock share awards granted during the three month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Stock Options

The Company estimates the fair value of nonqualified stock awards using a Black-Scholes Option Pricing model (“Black-Scholes model”). The fair value of each stock award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model, which requires an assumption of dividend yield, risk free interest rates, volatility, and expected option life. The risk-free interest rates are based on the U.S. Treasury yield for a period consistent with the expected term of the option in effect at the time of the grant. Expected volatilities are based on the historical volatility of our common stock over the expected option term. The expected term of options granted is calculated using the simplified method. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur. There were no stock option awards granted during the three month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

At March 31, 2025, the Company had approximately $0.5 million of total unrecognized share-based compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, related to share-based compensation that will be recognized over the weighted average remaining period of 1.2 years.

Long-Term Incentive Plan

The Company maintains a long-term incentive plan (LTIP) that covers the period of January 1, 2023 through January 1, 2026. The LTIP has two components of equity-based compensation. The first is 250,000 Restricted Stock Awards (RSAs) that were granted to members of management on April 2, 2024 and vested 33% on the date of grant with the remainder to vest on January 1, 2025 and 2026, subject to continued service. The estimated fair value of these RSAs of $640,500 will be recorded over the service period. The second is 250,000 Performance- based Restricted Stock Units (PSRUs) that would vest upon meeting certain revenue or adjusted EBITDA performance targets through December 31, 2025, subject to continued service. The estimated fair value of these PRSUs of $640,500 will be recorded if and when the Company concludes that it is probable that either performance condition will be achieved.