Exhibit 15.17

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

 

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

    Note       December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
            (In thousands of Korean won)  
Assets                        
Cash and cash equivalents   14,16,18,21       344,537       659,606  
Accounts receivable — trade, net   13,16,21         18,449       -  
Accounts receivable — other, net   13,16,21         -       30  
Other current assets   12         2,279       2,164  
Value added tax receivable             -       384  
Current tax assets             -       8,289  
Total current assets             365,265       670,473  
Long-term investment securities   16,21         71,941       93,219  
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets   15,22         220,843       301,006  
Other non-current financial assets   16,21         431,827       385,494  
- Related parties   24         431,827       385,494  
- Non-related parties             -       -  
Other non-current non-financial assets   12         -       30,000  
Deferred tax assets   11         -       15,771  
Total non-current assets             724,611       825,490  
Total assets           1,089,876       1,495,963  
Liabilities                        
Trade and other payables   16,20,21       19,112       19,119  
Other current non-financial liabilities             116,588       133,700  
- Related parties   24         115,000       128,905  
- Non-related parties             1,588       4,795  
Value added tax payable             1,267       -  
Current portion of long-term borrowings, net   16,19,21,23         -       100,000  
- Related parties   24         -       100,000  
- Non-related parties             -       -  
Current tax liabilities             5,002       -  
Total current liabilities             141,969       252,819  
Defined benefit liabilities   10         121,520       139,459  
Total non-current liabilities             121,520       139,459  
Total liabilities           263,489       392,278  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

1

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

 

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

    Note       December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
            (In thousands of Korean won)  
Equity                        
Share capital   17       10,000       10,000  
Other reserves   17         (51,945 )     (81,522 )
Retained earnings             868,332       1,175,207  
Total equity             826,387       1,103,685  
Total liabilities and equity           1,089,876       1,495,963  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

2

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

    Note       2024     2023  
            (In thousands of Korean won except per share data)  
Revenues                        
Contents revenue   6,7       17,703       90,000  
Cost of revenues   8         -       (26,473 )
Gross profit             17,703       63,527  
Selling, general and administrative expenses   8         (315,021 )     (320,482 )
Other income   8         2       256  
Other expenses   8         (30,359 )     (526 )
Operating loss             (327,675 )     (257,225 )
Finance income   9,16         52,319       87,852  
- Related parties   24         46,334       41,362  
- Non-related parties             5,985       46,490  
Finance costs   9,16         (23,943 )     (1,269 )
Loss before income tax             (299,299 )     (170,642 )
Income tax benefit (expenses)   11         (7,576 )     14,612  
Loss for the year           (306,875 )     (156,030 )
Other comprehensive income (loss)                        
Items that will not be reclassified to income or loss:                        
Remeasurement of defined benefit liabilities   10         29,577       (40,126 )
Total comprehensive loss for the year           (277,298 )     (196,156 )

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

3

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

       

Share
capital

   

Other

components

of equity

   

Retained

earnings

    Total  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Balance at January 1, 2023       10,000       (41,396 )     1,331,237       1,299,841  
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year                                    
Loss for the year         -       -       (156,030 )     (156,030 )
Remeasurement of defined benefit liabilities         -       (40,126 )     -       (40,126 )
Total comprehensive loss for the year         -       (40,126 )     (156,030 )     (196,156 )
Balance at December 31, 2023       10,000       (81,522 )     1,175,207       1,103,685  
Balance at January 1, 2024       10,000       (81,522 )     1,175,207       1,103,685  
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year                                    
Loss for the year         -       -       (306,875 )     (306,875 )
Remeasurement of defined benefit liabilities         -       29,577       -       29,577  
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year         -       29,577       (306,875 )     (277,298 )
Balance at December 31, 2024       10,000       (51,945 )     868,332       826,387  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

4

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

    Note       2024     2023  
            (In thousands of Korean won)  
Cash flows from operating activities   23                    
Loss for the year           (306,875 )     (156,030 )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities             75,782       260,798  
Interest received             552       24,616  
Income taxes refunded (paid)             12,528       (289,353 )
Dividend received             1,256       1,121  
Net cash outflow from operating activities           (216,757 )     (158,848 )
Cash flows from investing activities                        
Disposal of short-term financial instruments           -       500,000  
Purchase of long-term investment securities             (66,933 )     (40,944 )
Disposal of long-term investment securities             68,193       38,989  
Purchase of property and equipment             -       (70,400 )
Net cash inflow in investing activities           1,260       427,645  
Cash flows from financing activities   23                    
Repayment of long-term borrowings           (100,000 )     (82,900 )
- Related parties             (100,000 )     (82,900 )
- Non-related parties             -       -  
Net cash outflow in financing activities           (100,000 )     (82,900 )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents             428       13  
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents             (315,497 )     185,897  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year   14         659,606       473,696  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year   14       344,537       659,606  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

5

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

1. Reporting entity

 

The Company

 

Apeitda Co., Ltd. (“the Company”) was incorporated in January 2013 and the Company’s registered office is at 156, Ohyeon-ro, Anigbogu, Seoul, Korea. The Company is primarily providing the media production service that consists of planning, producing, and selling the theatrical films and television programs. The Company is specialized film production company with expertise in action and thriller genres.

 

The Company’s major shareholders and their respective percentage of ownership as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

    December 31, 2024     December 31, 2023  
    Number of shares     Ownership (%)     Number of shares     Ownership (%)  
Jung, Byung Gil     9,000       90 %     9,000       90 %
Seo, Sun Yeo     1,000       10 %     1,000       10 %
Total     10,000       100 %     10,000       100 %

 

2. Basis of Accounting

 

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by International Accounting Standard Board (“IASB”). These financial statements were authorized for issuance by the Board of directors on May 14, 2025.

 

Details of the Company’s accounting policies, including changes thereto, are included in Note 5.

 

Basis of measurement

 

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the following items, which are measured on an alternative basis on each reporting date.

 

Items   Measurement bases
Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”)   Fair value
Defined benefit liabilities   Present value

 

6

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3. Functional and presentation currency

 

These financial statements are presented in Korean Won, which the Company’s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest thousand, unless otherwise indicated.

 

4. Use of judgements and estimates

 

In preparing these financial statements, management has made judgements and estimates that affect the application of the Company’s accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income, and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

 

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to estimates are recognized prospectively.

 

A. Judgements

 

Information about judgements made in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effects on the amounts recognized in the financial statements is included in the following notes:

 

Note 7(B): revenue recognition: whether revenue from providing service is recognized over time or at a point in time; and

 

Note 22(A): lease term: whether the Company is reasonably certain to exercise extension options.

 

B. Assumptions and estimation uncertainties

 

Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties at the reporting date that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year is included in the following notes:

 

Note 10(C): defined benefit obligations;

 

Note 11(A): uncertain tax treatments.

 

7

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

i. Measurement of fair values

 

A number of the Company’s accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for financial assets.

 

When measuring the fair value of a financial instruments measured at FVTPL, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. Fair values are categorized into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows.

 

Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e., as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices).

 

Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

 

If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.

 

The Company recognizes transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period during which the change has occurred.

 

Further information about the assumptions made in measuring fair values is included in the following notes:

 

Note 21(B): financial instruments.

 

8

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

5. Material accounting policies

 

The material accounting policies followed by the Company in preparation of its financial statements are as follows:

 

A. New and amended standards or interpretations adopted by the Company

 

The Company has applied the following standards and amendments for the first time for their annual reporting period commencing January 1, 2024.

 

IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements - Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current, Non-current Liabilities with Covenants

 

The amendments to IAS 1 clarify that liabilities are classified as either current or non-current, depending on the substantive rights that exist at the end of the reporting period. Classification is unaffected by the likelihood that an entity will exercise right to defer settlement of the liability or the expectations of management. Also, the settlement of liability includes the transfer of the entity’s own equity instruments, however, it would be excluded if an option to settle them by the entity’s own equity instruments if compound financial instruments is met the definition of equity instruments and recognized separately from the liability. Covenants that the entity must comply with after the end of the reporting period do not affect the classification of a liability at the end of the reporting period. However, if a liability is classified as non-current as of the end of the reporting period despite covenants that must be complied with within 12 months after that date, the entity shall disclose information about the risk that the liability could become repayable within 12 months after the reporting period. The amendments do not have a significant impact on the financial statements.

 

IAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows - IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures – Supplier finance arrangements

 

The amendments to IAS 7 require entity to disclose information about its supplier finance arrangements that enables users of financial statements to assess the effects of those arrangements on the entity’s liabilities and cash flows and on the entity’s exposure to liquidity risk when applying supplier finance arrangements. The amendments do not have a significant impact on the financial statements.

 

IFRS 16 – Lease Liability in a Sale and Leaseback

 

The amendments to IFRS 16 require a seller-lessee shall determine lease payments or revised lease payments in a way that the seller-lessee would not recognize any amount of the gain or loss that relates to the right of use retained by the seller-lessee when subsequently measuring lease liabilities arising from a sale and leaseback. The amendments do not have a significant impact on the financial statements.

 

B. New and amended standards or interpretations not yet adopted by the Company

 

The following new accounting standards and interpretations that have been published that are not mandatory for December 31, 2024 reporting periods and have not been early adopted by the Company.

 

IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates – Lack of Exchangeability

 

The amendments require exchangeability of two currencies should be assessed in order to clarify reporting of foreign currency transactions in the absence of normal-functioning foreign exchange market. The amendments also require applicable spot exchange rate should be determined when the assessment indicates two currencies lack exchangeability. The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2025, with early application permitted. The Company does not expect that these amendments have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

 

9

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments - IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures – Classification and Measurement of Financial Instruments

 

The amendments clarify that a financial liability is derecognised on the ‘settlement date’ and introduce an accounting policy choice to derecognise financial liabilities settled using an electronic payment system before the settlement date. Other clarifications include the classification of financial assets with ESG linked features via additional guidance on the assessment of contingent features. Clarifications have been made to non-recourse loans and contractually linked instruments. Additional disclosures are introduced for financial instruments with contingent features and equity instruments classified at fair value through OCI. The amendments should be applied for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2026, and earlier application is permitted, with an option to early adopt the amendments for contingent features only. The Company does not expect that these amendments have a significant impact on the financial statements.

 

Annual Improvements to IFRS Accounting Standards – Volume 11

 

The amendments are annual improvements to the following standards:

 

- IFRS 1 First-time adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards;

 

- IFRS 7 Financial instruments: Disclosures;

 

- IFRS 9 Financial instruments;

 

- IFRS 10 Consolidated financial instruments; and

 

- IAS 7 Statement of cash flows

 

The new standard should be applied for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2026, and earlier application is permitted. The Company is in review for the impact of this new standard on the financial statements.

 

IFRS 18 Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements

 

Items in the statement of profit or loss will need to be classified into one of five categories: operating, investing, financing, income taxes and discontinued operations. IFRS 18 requires the Company to present specified totals and subtotals: ‘Operating profit or loss’, ‘Profit or loss’ and ‘Profit or loss before financing and income taxes’. Information related to management-defined performance measures should be disclosed. IFRS 18 also provides enhanced guidance on the principles of aggregation and disaggregation which focus on grouping items based on their shared characteristics. The new standard should be applied for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2027, and earlier application is permitted. The Company is in review for the impact of this new standard on the financial statements.

 

IFRS 19 Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosures

 

IFRS 19 allows eligible subsidiaries to apply IFRS Accounting Standards with the reduced disclosure requirements of IFRS 19. A subsidiary may choose to apply the new standard in its consolidated, separate or individual financial statements provided that, at the reporting date, it does not have public accountability, and its parent produces consolidated financial statements under IFRS Accounting Standards. A subsidiary applying IFRS 19 is required to disclose in its explicit and unreserved statements of compliance with IFRS Accounting Standards that IFRS 19 has been adopted. The amendments should be applied for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2027, and earlier application is permitted. The Company does not expect that these amendments have a significant impact on the financial statements.

 

10

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

C. Foreign currency

 

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency of Company at the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

 

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate at the reporting date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate when the fair value was determined. Non- monetary items that are measured based on historical cost in a foreign currency are translated at the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency differences are generally recognized in profit or loss and presented within finance costs. Translation differences on non-monetary assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss.

 

However, foreign currency differences arising from the translation of the following items are recognized in OCI:

 

an investment in equity securities designated as at FVOCI (except on impairment, in which case foreign currency differences that have been recognized in OCI are reclassified to profit or loss);

 

a financial liability designated as a hedge of the net investment in a foreign operation to the extent that the hedge is effective; and

 

qualifying cash flow hedges to the extent that the hedges are effective.

 

D. Revenue from contracts with customers

 

The Company generates revenue primarily through providing the media production service.

 

The Company determines revenue recognition by:

 

identifying the contract, or contracts, with a customer;

 

identifying the performance obligations in each contract;

 

determining the transaction price;

 

allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in each contract; and

 

recognizing revenue when, or as, we satisfy performance obligations by transferring the promised goods or services.

 

Media production revenue

 

The Company operates the media production business that consists of planning, producing, and selling the theatrical films and television programs. The Company identifies the license which is provided along with media product as combined output and recognizes revenue over time by measuring its progress based on cost incurred towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation in accordance with Paragraph 35 (2) of IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers. The percentage-of-completion for each contract is calculated by dividing the cumulative cost incurred in relation to service performed by the Company by estimated total contract costs.

 

The Company recognizes unbilled receivables from media production service as contract assets and recognizes receipts in advance for prepaid media production services as contract liabilities. The Company capitalizes the cost associated with the production, including development costs, direct costs, and production overhead per title as prepayments and prepaid expenses. The Company amortizes the capitalized asset in ‘Cost of revenues’ on the statements of comprehensive income based on the percentage-of-completion for each contract.

 

11

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

In addition to media production revenue, according to the terms of the contract with the customer, the Company is providing additional cable TV rights for the produced film with no other goods or services to be transferred to the customer under the contract apart from the obligation to provide licenses. The license agreement pertains to the right to use the entity’s intellectual property as that intellectual property exists at the point in time. This means that at the time of transferring the license, the customer can instruct the use of the license and obtain most of the remaining benefits arising from the license. For the rights, revenue is recognized at the point when the rights become available for use after the execution of the rights usage agreement.

 

In certain licensing agreements, the Company is entitled to receive consideration in the form of sales-based royalties, which are calculated as a percentage of the customer’s sales of licensed media content. In accordance with Paragraph B63 of IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers, the Company recognizes revenue from such arrangements only when the subsequent sales occur.

 

E. Operating segments

 

An operating segment is a component of the Company that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, including revenues and expenses that relate to transactions with any of the Company’s other components. The chief operating decision-maker has been identified as the chief executive officer. The Company’s operating segment has been determined to be a single business unit, for which the Company generates identifiable financial information that is regularly reported to the chief executive officer for the purpose of resource allocation and assessment of segment performance. The Company has a reportable segment as described in Note 6. Segment results that are reported to the chief operating decision maker include items directly attributable to a segment as well as those that can be allocated on a reasonable basis.

 

F. Employee benefits

 

i. Short- term employee benefits

 

Short-term employee benefits are employee benefits due to be settled within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render related services. When an employee has rendered a service to the Company during an accounting period, the Company recognizes the undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for that service

 

ii. Defined benefit plans

 

The Company’s net obligation in respect of defined benefit plans is calculated separately for each plan by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in the current and prior periods, discounting that amount and deducting the fair value of any plan assets.

 

The calculation of defined benefit obligations is performed annually using the projected unit credit method. When the calculation results in a potential asset for the Company, the recognized asset is limited to the present value of economic benefits available in the form of any future refunds from the plan or reductions in future contributions to the plan. To calculate the present value of economic benefits, consideration is given to any applicable minimum funding requirements.

 

Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability, which comprise actuarial gains and losses, the return on plan assets (excluding interest) and the effect of the asset ceiling (if any, excluding interest), are recognized immediately in OCI. The Company determines the net interest expense (income) on the net defined benefit liability (asset) for the period by applying the discount rate used to measure the defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the annual period to the then- net defined benefit liability (asset), taking into account any changes in the net defined benefit liability (asset) during the period as a result of contributions and benefit payments. Net interest expense and other expenses related to defined benefit plans are recognized in profit or loss.

 

When the benefits of a plan are changed or when a plan is curtailed, the resulting change in benefit that relates to past service or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognized immediately in profit or loss. The Company recognizes gains and losses on the settlement of a defined benefit plan when the settlement occurs.

 

12

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

G. Finance income and finance costs

 

The Company’s finance income and finance costs include:

 

interest income;

 

interest expense;

 

dividend income;

 

the net gain or loss on financial assets at FVTPL;

 

the foreign currency gain or loss on financial assets and financial liabilities;

 

The ‘effective interest rate’ is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instrument to:

 

the gross carrying amount of the financial asset; or

 

the amortized cost of the financial liability.

 

In calculating interest income and expense, the effective interest rate is applied to the gross carrying amount of the asset (when the asset is not credit-impaired) or to the amortized cost of the liability. However, for financial assets that have become credit-impaired subsequent to initial recognition, interest income is calculated by applying the effective interest rate to the amortized cost of the financial asset. If the asset is no longer credit-impaired, then the calculation of interest income reverts to the gross basis.

 

H. Income tax

 

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. It is recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognized directly in equity or in OCI.

 

The Company has determined that interest and penalties related to income taxes, including uncertain tax treatments, do not meet the definition of income taxes, and therefore accounted for them under IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets.

 

i. Current income tax

 

Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year and any adjustment to the tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. The amount of current tax payable or receivable is the best estimate of the tax amount expected to be paid or received that reflects uncertainty related to income taxes, if any. It is measured using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Current tax also includes any tax arising from dividends.

 

Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if certain criteria are met.

 

- has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts; and

 

- intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

 

13

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

ii. Deferred income tax

 

Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not recognized for:

 

temporary differences on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss;

 

temporary differences related to investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint arrangements to the extent that the Company is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future; and

 

taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill.

 

Deferred tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used. Future taxable profits are determined based on the reversal of relevant taxable temporary differences. If the amount of taxable temporary differences is insufficient to recognize a deferred tax asset in full, then future taxable profits, adjusted for reversals of existing temporary differences, are considered, based on the business plans for individual subsidiaries in the Company. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized; such reductions are reversed when the probability of future taxable profits improves.

 

The measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities. For this purpose, the carrying amount of investment property measured at fair value is presumed to be recovered through sale, and the Company has not rebutted this presumption.

 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if certain criteria are met.

 

- has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts; and

 

- intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

 

14

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

I. Cash and cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, deposits held at banks, and investment securities with maturities of three months or less from the acquisition date that are easily convertible to cash and subject to an insignificant risk of changes in their fair value.

 

J. Property, plant and equipment

 

i. Recognition and measurement

 

Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost, which includes capitalized borrowing costs, less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses.

 

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

 

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognized in profit or loss.

 

ii. Subsequent expenditure

 

Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company. The carrying amount of the replaced parts are derecognized and the repairs and maintenance expenses are recognized in profit or loss in the period they are incurred.

 

iii. Depreciation

 

Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost or revalued amounts of the assets, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives as follows:

 

Vehicles   5 years
Office equipment   5 years
Furniture and fixtures   5 years
Right-of-use assets   5 years

 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted if appropriate.

 

15

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

K. Financial instruments

 

i. Recognition and initial measurement

 

Trade receivables and debt securities issued are initially recognized when they are originated. All other financial assets and financial liabilities are initially recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

 

A financial asset (unless it is a trade receivable without a significant financing component) or financial liability is initially measured at fair value plus or minus, for an item not at FVTPL, transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue. A trade receivable without a significant financing component is initially measured at the transaction price.

 

ii. Classification and subsequent measurement

 

Financial assets

 

On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at:

 

amortized cost; or

 

FVTPL

 

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition unless the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets, in which case all affected financial assets are reclassified on the first day of the first reporting period following the change in the business model.

 

A financial asset is measured at amortized cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

 

it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows;

 

its contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

 

A debt investment is measured at FVOCI if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL;

 

it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and

 

its contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

 

On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading, the Company may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in the investment’s fair value in OCI. This election is made on an investment-by-investment basis.

 

All financial assets not classified as measured at amortized cost or FVOCI as described above are measured at FVTPL. This includes all derivative financial assets. On initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate a financial asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at amortized cost or at FVOCI as at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mismatch that would otherwise arise.

 

16

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

Financial assets - Business model assessment

 

The Company makes an assessment of the objective of the business model in which a financial asset is held at a portfolio level because this best reflects the way the business is managed and information is provided to management. The information considered includes:

 

the stated policies and objectives for the portfolio and the operation of those policies in practice. These include whether management’s strategy focuses on earning contractual interest income, maintaining a particular interest rate profile, matching the duration of the financial assets to the duration of any related liabilities or expected cash outflows or realizing cash flows through the sale of the assets;

 

how the performance of the portfolio is evaluated and reported to the Company’s management;

 

the risks that affect the performance of the business model (and the financial assets held within that business model) and how those risks are managed;

 

how managers of the business are compensated - e. g. whether compensation is based on the fair value of the assets managed or the contractual cash flows collected; and

 

the frequency, volume and timing of sales of financial assets in prior periods, the reasons for such sales and expectations about future sales activity.

 

Transfers of financial assets to third parties in transactions that do not qualify for derecognition are not considered sales for this purpose, consistent with the Company’s continuing recognition of the assets.

 

Financial assets that are held for trading or are managed and whose performance is evaluated on a fair value basis are measured at FVTPL.

 

Financial assets - Assessment whether contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest

 

For the purposes of this assessment, ‘principal’ is defined as the fair value of the financial asset on initial recognition. ‘Interest’ is defined as consideration for the time value of money and for the credit risk associated with the principal amount outstanding during a particular period of time and for other basic lending risks and costs (e.g. liquidity risk and administrative costs), as well as a profit margin.

 

In assessing whether the contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest, the Company considers the contractual terms of the instrument. This includes assessing whether the financial asset contains a contractual term that could change the timing or amount of contractual cash flows such that it would not meet this condition. In making this assessment, the Company considers:

 

contingent events that would change the amount or timing of cash flows;

 

terms that may adjust the contractual coupon rate, including variable-rate features;

 

prepayment and extension features; and

 

terms that limit the Company’s claim to cash flows from specified assets (e.g. non-recourse features).

 

A prepayment feature is consistent with the solely payments of principal and interest criterion if the prepayment amount substantially represents unpaid amounts of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding, which may include reasonable compensation for early termination of the contract. Additionally, for a financial asset acquired at a discount or premium to its contractual par amount, a feature that permits or requires prepayment at an amount that substantially represents the contractual par amount plus accrued (but unpaid) contractual interest (which may also include reasonable compensation for early termination) is treated as consistent with this criterion if the fair value of the prepayment feature is insignificant at initial recognition.

 

17

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

Financial assets - Subsequent measurement and gains and losses

 

Financial assets at FVTPL: These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Net gains and losses, including any interest or dividend income, are recognized in profit or loss.

 

Financial assets at amortized cost: These assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The amortized cost is reduced by impairment losses. Interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognized in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is recognized in profit or loss.

 

Financial liabilities - Classification, subsequent measurement and gains and losses

 

Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortized cost or FVTPL. A financial liability is classified as at FVTPL if it is classified as held-for-trading, it is a derivative or it is designated as such on initial recognition. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are measured at fair value and net gains and losses, including any interest expense, are recognized in profit or loss. Other financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Interest expense and foreign exchange gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is also recognized in profit or loss.

 

iii. Derecognition

 

Financial assets

 

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when:

 

the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire; or

 

it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which either:

 

- substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred; or

 

- the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and it does not retain control of the financial asset.

 

The Company enters into transactions whereby it transfers assets recognized in its statement of financial position, but retains either all or substantially all of the risks and rewards of the transferred assets. In these cases, the transferred assets are not derecognized.

 

Financial liabilities

 

The Company derecognizes a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire. The Company also derecognizes a financial liability when its terms are modified and the cash flows of the modified liability are substantially different, in which case a new financial liability based on the modified terms is recognized at fair value.

 

On derecognition of a financial liability, the difference between the carrying amount extinguished and the consideration paid (including any non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed) is recognized in profit or loss.

 

When changes were made to a financial asset or financial liability in addition to changes to the basis for determining the contractual cash flows required by interest rate benchmark reform, the Company first updated the effective interest rate of the financial asset or financial liability to reflect the change that is required by interest rate benchmark reform. After that, the Company applied the policies on accounting for modifications to the additional changes.

 

18

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

L. Impairment

 

i. Non- derivative financial assets

 

Financial instruments and contract assets

 

The Company recognizes loss allowances for ECLs on:

 

financial assets measured at amortized cost; and

 

contract assets.

 

The Company also recognizes loss allowances for ECLs on lease receivables, which are disclosed as part of trade and other receivables.

 

The Company measures loss allowances at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs, except for the following, which are measured at 12-month ECLs:

 

debt securities that are determined to have low credit risk at the reporting date; and

 

other debt securities and bank balances for which credit risk (i.e. the risk of default occurring over the expected life of the financial instrument) has not increased significantly since initial recognition.

 

Loss allowances for trade receivables (including lease receivables) and contract assets are always measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs.

 

When determining whether the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition and when estimating ECLs, the Company considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue cost or effort. This includes both quantitative and qualitative information and analysis, based on the Company’s historical experience and informed credit assessment, that includes forward-looking information.

 

The Company assumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has increased significantly if it is more than 12 months past due.

 

The Company considers a financial asset to be in default when:

 

the debtor is unlikely to pay its credit obligations to the Company in full, without recourse by the Company to actions such as realizing security (if any is held).

 

Lifetime ECLs are the ECLs that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument.

 

12-month ECLs are the portion of ECLs that result from default events that are possible within the 12 months after the reporting date (or a shorter period if the expected life of the instrument is less than 12 months).

 

The maximum period considered when estimating ECLs is the maximum contractual period over which the Company is exposed to credit risk.

 

Measurement of ECLs

 

ECLs are a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses. Credit losses are measured as the present value of all cash shortfalls (i.e. the difference between the cash flows due to the entity in accordance with the contract and the cash flows that the Company expects to receive).

 

ECLs are discounted at the effective interest rate of the financial asset.

 

19

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

Credit-impaired financial assets

 

At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether financial assets carried at amortized cost are credit-impaired. A financial asset is ‘credit-impaired’ when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset have occurred.

 

Evidence that a financial asset is credit-impaired includes the following observable data:

 

significant financial difficulty of the debtor;

 

a breach of contract such as a default or being more than 90 days past due;

 

the restructuring of a loan or advance by the Company on terms that the Company would not consider otherwise;

 

it is probable that the debtor will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganization; or

 

the disappearance of an active market for a security because of financial difficulties.

 

Presentation of allowance for ECL in the statement of financial position

 

Loss allowances for financial assets measured at amortized cost are deducted from the gross carrying amount of the assets.

 

Write-off

 

The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off when the Company has no reasonable expectations of recovering a financial asset in its entirety or a portion thereof. For individual customers, the Company has a policy of writing off the gross carrying amount when the financial asset is 180 days past due based on historical experience of recoveries of similar assets. For corporate customers, the Company individually makes an assessment with respect to the timing and amount of write-off based on whether there is a reasonable expectation of recovery. The Company expects no significant recovery from the amount written off. However, financial assets that are written off could still be subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the Company’s procedures for recovery of amounts due.

 

ii. Non- financial assets

 

At each reporting date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its non-financial assets (other than biological assets, investment property, developing contents, contract assets and deferred tax assets) to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment.

 

For impairment testing, assets are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or CGUs. Goodwill arising from a business combination is allocated to CGUs or groups of CGUs that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.

 

The recoverable amount of an asset or CGU is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs of disposal. Value in use is based on the estimated future cash flows, discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or CGU.

 

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount.

 

Impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss. They are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the CGU, and then to reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the CGU on a pro rata basis.

 

An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed. For other assets, an impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized.

 

20

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

M. Leases

 

At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

 

i. As a lessee

 

At commencement or on modification of a contract that contains a lease component, the Company allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of its relative stand-alone prices. However, for the leases of property the Company has elected not to separate non-lease components and account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.

 

The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

 

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term, unless the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the Company by the end of the lease term or the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the Company will exercise a purchase option. In that case the right-of-use asset will be depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset, which is determined on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.

 

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.

 

The Company determines its incremental borrowing rate by obtaining interest rates from various external financing sources and makes certain adjustments to reflect the terms of the lease and type of the asset leased.

 

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the following:

 

fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments;

 

variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the commencement date;

 

amounts expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee; and

 

the exercise price under a purchase option that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise, lease payments in an optional renewal period if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise an extension option, and penalties for early termination of a lease unless the Company is reasonably certain not to terminate early.

 

The lease liability is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Company’s estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, if the Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option or if there is a revised in-substance fixed lease payment.

 

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.

 

At the date of transition to IFRSs, The Company applies the following approach to all of its leases.

 

The Company measures that lease liability at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate at the date of transition to IFRSs.

 

21

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

The Company measures right-of-use asset at its carrying amount as if IFRS 16 had been applied since the commencement date of the lease, but discounted using the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate at the date of transition to IFRSs.

 

The Company uses hindsight in applying IFRS 16 such as the determination of lease term for contracts that contain options to extend or terminate a lease.

 

The Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases of low-value assets (leases for which the underlying asset is valued at USD 5,000 or less) and short-term leases (leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less at the commencement date), including IT equipment. The Company recognizes the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 

N. Fair value measurement

 

‘Fair value’ is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date in the principal or, in its absence, the most advantageous market to which the Company has access at that date. The fair value of a liability reflects its non-performance risk.

 

A number of the Company’s accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

 

When one is available, the Company measures the fair value of an instrument using the quoted price in an active market for that instrument. A market is regarded as ‘active’ if transactions for the asset or liability take place with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

 

If there is no quoted price in an active market, then the Company uses valuation techniques that maximize the use of relevant observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The chosen valuation technique incorporates all of the factors that market participants would take into account in pricing a transaction.

 

The best evidence of the fair value of a financial instrument on initial recognition is normally the transaction price - i. e. the fair value of the consideration given or received. If the Company determines that the fair value on initial recognition differs from the transaction price and the fair value is evidenced neither by a quoted price in an active market for an identical asset or liability nor based on a valuation technique for which any unobservable inputs are judged to be insignificant in relation to the measurement, then the financial instrument is initially measured at fair value, adjusted to defer the difference between the fair value on initial recognition and the transaction price. Subsequently, that difference is recognized in profit or loss on an appropriate basis over the life of the instrument but no later than when the valuation is wholly supported by observable market data or the transaction is closed out.

 

O. Concentration of Credit Risk

 

The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally does not require collateral for customers on accounts receivable. The Company maintains reserves for potential credit losses, which are periodically reviewed.

 

22

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

6. Operating segments

 

A. Basis for segmentation

 

The Company’s operating segments have been identified to be a single business unit, by which the Company provides media production services.

 

The following summary describes the operations of each reportable segment.

 

Operating segment   Operations
Media Production   Planning, producing, and selling the media content such as theatrical films and television programs

 

The Company’s chief executive officer reviews the internal management reports at least quarterly.

 

B. Geographic information

 

Media production segment is managed and operated in Seoul, South Korea. The geographic information analyses the Company’s revenue by the customer’s country of domicile and other countries. In presenting the geographic information, segment revenue and non-current assets have been based on the geographic location of customers.

 

Summary of the Company’s operation by region based on the location of customers for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Korea       17,703       90,000  

 

Summary of the Company’s non-current assets based on the location as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Korea       724,611       809,720  

 

23

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

C. Major customer

 

Revenues from major customers that amount to 10% or more of the Company’s revenue for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Customer A                    
Revenue       -       90,000  
%         -       100.0 %
Customer B                    
Revenue         16,772       -  
%         94.7 %     -  

 

7. Revenue

 

A. Revenue streams

 

The Company generates revenue primarily through providing the services for planning, producing, and selling the media content such as theatrical films and television programs to third parties.

 

Revenue from contracts with customers for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Revenue from contracts with customers       17,703       90,000  

 

B. Disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers

 

In the following table, revenue from contracts with customers is disaggregated by major products and service lines and timing of revenue recognition.

 

Revenue from contracts with customers based on the service contract type and the timing of satisfaction of performance obligations for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Major products/service lines                    
Media production       17,703       90,000  
Timing of revenue recognition                    
At a point in time       17,703       90,000  
Total       17,703       90,000  

 

24

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

C. Contract balance

 

The balance of accounts receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
   

December 31,
2023

 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Account receivables – trade, net       18,449       -  

 

The contract liabilities primarily relate to the advance consideration received from customers for media production service, for which revenue is recognized over time. This will be recognized as revenue when the Company satisfies the performance obligations.

 

The amount of contract liabilities as of December 31, 2023 has been recognized as revenue in 2024 is nil (2023: Korean Won 90,000 thousand).

 

8. Income and Expenses

 

A. Other income

 

Details of other income for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Miscellaneous income       2       256  

 

B. Other expenses

 

Details of other expenses for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Impairment of prepayment (*)       30,000       -  
Miscellaneous expenses         359       526  
Total       30,359       526  

 

 
(*) Loss on impairment of prepaid movie development fee for the project that has been prolonged without progress.

 

25

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

C. Expenses by nature

 

Details of classification of expenses by nature for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean Won)  
Employee benefits       151,179       141,708  
Depreciation         80,163       76,459  
Actor’s appearance fee         -       19,300  
Staff and equipment, etc         7,220       4,131  
Transportation         27,965       26,261  
Entertainment         7,378       20,250  
Supplies         2,971       11,352  
Vehicle maintenance         1,339       3,141  
Advertising and marketing expenses         20,000       -  
Other         16,806       44,353  
Total       315,021       346,955  

 

Total expenses consist of cost of revenues and selling, general and administrative expenses.

 

9. Finance income and costs

 

Details of finance income and costs for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean Won)  
Finance income                    
Interest income       46,885       65,979  
Dividend income         1,256       1,121  
Unrealized gains on foreign currency translation         428       13  
Gains on valuation of long-term investment securities         3,750       20,739  
Total       52,319       87,852  
Finance costs                    
Realized losses on foreign currency transaction       176       106  
Losses on valuation of long-term investment securities         23,767       1,163  
Total       23,943       1,269  

 

26

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

10. Employee benefits

 

Details of defined benefit liability recognized as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Defined benefit liability       121,520       139,459  

 

The Company operates defined benefit plans as a retirement pension scheme. Defined benefit plans expose the Company to actuarial risks, such as longevity risk, currency risk, interest rate risk and market (investment) risk.

 

A. Movement in net defined benefit asset (liability)

 

Details of reconciliation from the opening balances to the closing balances for the net defined benefit liability and its components for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:

 

        Defined benefit obligation     Fair value of plan assets     Net defined benefit liabilities  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
        2024     2023     2024     2023     2024     2023  
Beginning Balance       139,459       80,707       -       -       139,459       80,707  
Included in profit or loss                                                    
Current service cost         14,391       9,863       -       -       14,391       9,863  
Interest cost         6,204       4,354       -       -       6,204       4,354  
Subtotal         20,595       14,217       -       -       20,595       14,217  
Included in OCI                                                    
Remeasurement loss (gain)                                                    
Demographic assumption         (163 )     -       -       -       (163 )     -  
Financial assumption         19,266       2,022       -       -       19,266       2,022  
Adjustment based on experience         (57,637 )     42,513       -       -       (57,637 )     42,513  
Subtotal         (38,534 )     44,535       -       -       (38,534 )     44,535  
Ending Balance       121,520       139,459       -       -       121,520       139,459  

 

B. Plan assets

 

There are no contributions funded to its defined benefit plans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

 

27

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

C. Defined benefit obligation

 

i. Actuarial assumptions

 

Details of actuarial assumptions used for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

    2024   2023
Discount rate   3.90%   4.60%
Future salary growth   4.7%~7.6%   5.3%~7.4%

 

Assumptions regarding future longevity and standard salary scale have been based on issued by Korea Insurance Development Institute.

 

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the weighted average duration of the defined benefit obligation was 8.7 years and 9 years, respectively.

 

ii. Sensitivity analysis

 

The Company measures the risk of actuarial assumption changes as a 1% fluctuation in the discount rate and future salary growth rate of the amounts of defined benefit obligation, which reflects the management’s assessment of the risk of actuarial assumption fluctuation that can reasonably occur. The impact of a 1% fluctuation in discount rates and future salary growth rates on the Company’s defined benefit obligation as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        Increased by 1%     Decreased by 1%     Increased by 1%     Decreased by 1%  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Discount rate       (9,956 )     11,255       (11,682 )     13,286  
Future salary growth         11,270       (10,151 )     13,397       (11,983 )

 

Although the analysis does not take account of the full distribution of cash flows expected under the plan, it does provide an approximation of the sensitivity of the assumptions shown.

 

D. Employee benefit expenses

 

i. Details of employee benefit expenses recognized for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Wages and salaries       124,800       117,300  
Defined benefits plan expenses         20,595       14,218  
Fringe benefit         5,784       10,190  
Total       151,179       141,708  

 

ii. Expenses are recognized in the statements of comprehensive income (loss) as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Selling, general and administrative expenses       151,179       141,708  

 

28

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

11. Income taxes

 

A. Amounts recognized in profit or loss

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won and number of shares)  
Current tax expense                    
Current year       -       8,217  
Adjustments recognized related to prior period incomes (*)         762       910  
          762       9,127  
Deferred tax income                    
Origination and reversal of temporary differences         15,771       (28,148 )
Deferred taxes charged directly to equity         (8,957 )     4,409  
          6,814       (23,739 )
Tax expense (benefit) on continuing operations       7,576       (14,612 )

 

 
(*) In the normal course of business, the Company is examined by taxation authority. The Company’s management regularly assesses the potential outcomes of these examinations and any future examinations for the current or prior years in determining the adequacy of its liabilities for income taxes.

 

The Company establishes additional current tax liabilities for income taxes when, despite the belief that tax positions are fully supportable, there remain positions that do not meet the minimum probability threshold, which is a tax position that is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the applicable taxation authority. The impact of current tax liabilities for uncertain tax positions, as well as the related net interest and penalties, is included in income taxes in the statements of operations.

 

B. Amounts recognized in OCI

 

        2024     2023  
        Before tax    

Tax (expense)

benefit

    Net of tax     Before tax    

Tax (expense)

benefit

    Net of tax  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss                                                    
Remeasurements of defined benefit liabilities       38,534       (8,957 )     29,577       (44,535 )     4,409       (40,126 )

 

29

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

C. Reconciliation of effective tax rate

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Loss before income tax       (299,299 )     (170,642 )
Tax at the statutory income tax rate         (29,631 )     (16,894 )
Adjustments:                    
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes         1,034       1,310  
Changes in unrecognized temporary difference         40,553       -  
Adjustments recognized related to prior period incomes         762       910  
Other (differences in tax rate, etc)         (5,142 )     62  
Tax expense (benefit)       7,576       (14,612 )
Effective income tax rate (*)         -       -  

 

 
(*) The effective tax rate is not calculated as the Company incurred a loss before income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

 

30

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

D. Movement in deferred tax balances

 

i. Movement in deferred tax balances as of December 31, 2024

 

        Tax effect  
        Beginning     Increase (decrease)     Ending  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Prepayments       (2,675 )     2,756       81  
Property, plant and equipment         (22,212 )     4,985       (17,227 )
Other non-current financial assets         21,236       (2,330 )     18,906  
Other non-current non-financial assets         (2,970 )     2,970       -  
Contract liabilities         (2,473 )     2,473       -  
Short-term borrowings         (327 )     -       (327 )
Withholdings         11,385       -       11,385  
Other non-current non-financial liabilities         -       (5,229 )     (5,229 )
Defined benefit liabilities         13,807       (1,776 )     12,031  
Total       15,771       3,849       19,620  
Loss carried forward       -       20,933       20,933  
Unrecognized deferred tax assets         -       (40,553 )     (40,553 )
Deferred tax assets (liabilities)       15,771       (15,771 )     -  

 

ii. Movement in deferred tax balances as of December 31, 2023

 

        Tax effect  
        Beginning     Increase (decrease)     Ending  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Accounts receivable — Trade       (21,129 )     21,129       -  
Prepayments         (5,509 )     2,834       (2,675 )
Property, plant and equipment         (25,323 )     3,111       (22,212 )
Other non-current financial assets         25,331       (4,095 )     21,236  
Other non-current non-financial assets         -       (2,970 )     (2,970 )
Contract liabilities         3,817       (6,290 )     (2,473 )
Short-term borrowings         (18,434 )     18,107       (327 )
Long-term borrowings         18,107       (18,107 )     -  
Withholdings         -       11,385       11,385  
Defined benefit liabilities         7,990       5,817       13,807  
Others         2,774       (2,774 )     -  
Total       (12,376 )     28,147       15,771  
Deferred tax assets (liabilities)       (12,376 )     28,147       15,771  

 

31

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

E. Deferred assets (liabilities)

 

i. Details of unrecognized deferred income tax assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Unrecognized temporary difference       19,620       -  
Loss carried forward         20,933       -  
Total       40,553       -  

 

ii. The maturity of unused loss carryforwards that are not recognized as deferred income tax assets as of December 31, 2024 is as follows:

 

Year of expiration       Unused loss
carryforwards
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
2039       211,448  

 

iii. The timing of recovery of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Deferred tax assets                    
- Deferred tax assets to be recovered after more than 12 months       51,870       35,043  
- Deferred tax assets to be recovered within 12 months         11,385       11,385  
Sub-total         63,255       46,428  
Deferred tax liabilities                    
- Deferred tax liabilities to be recovered after more than 12 months         (22,457 )     (25,182 )
- Deferred tax liabilities to be recovered within 12 months         (245 )     (5,475 )
Sub-total         (22,702 )     (30,657 )
Unrecognized deferred tax assets         (40,553 )     -  
Deferred tax assets (liabilities), net       -       15,771  

 

12. Other assets

 

Details of other assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
   

December 31,

2023

 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Current                    
Prepaid expenses       2,279       2,164  
Non-current                    
Non-current prepayments         -       30,000  
Total       2,279       32,164  

 

32

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

13. Trade and other receivables

 

Details of trade and other receivables as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Trade receivables                    
Accounts receivable — Trade       18,449       -  
Other receivables                    
Accounts receivable — Other       -       30  

 

33

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

14. Cash and cash equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
   

December 31,

2023

 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Deposits in banks       344,530       645,917  
Foreign currency deposit in banks         7       13,689  
Total       344,537       659,606  

 

The Company doesn’t have any restricted cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

 

15. Property, plant and equipment

 

A. Reconciliation of carrying amount

 

Details of property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31, 2024  
        Book value     Accumulated depreciation     Carrying amount  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Vehicles       86,947       (64,215 )     22,732  
Office equipment         16,778       (12,492 )     4,286  
Furniture and fixtures         70,400       (27,171 )     43,229  
Right-of-use assets         259,838       (109,242 )     150,596  
Total       433,963       (213,120 )     220,843  

 

        December 31, 2023  
        Book value     Accumulated depreciation     Carrying amount  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Vehicles       86,947       (52,925 )     34,022  
Office equipment         16,778       (11,022 )     5,756  
Construction in progress         70,400       (11,734 )     58,666  
Right-of-use assets         259,838       (57,276 )     202,562  
Total       433,963       (132,957 )     301,006  

 

34

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

Details of the changes in property and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024  
        Vehicles    

Office

equipment

    Furniture
and fixtures
    Right-of-Use
assets
    Total  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Beginning balance       34,022       5,756       58,666       202,562       301,006  
Depreciation         (11,290 )     (1,470 )     (15,437 )     (51,966 )     (80,163 )
Ending balance       22,732       4,286       43,229       150,596       220,843  

 

        2023  
        Vehicles    

Office

equipment

    Furniture
and fixtures
   

Construction-

In progress

    Right-of-Use
assets
    Total  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Beginning balance       45,311       7,225       -       70,400       254,529       377,465  
Replacement         -       -       70,400       (70,400 )     -       -  
Depreciation         (11,289 )     (1,469 )     (11,734 )     -       (51,967 )     (76,459 )
Ending balance       34,022       5,756       58,666       -       202,562       301,006  

 

The classification of depreciation expenses in the statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Selling, general and administrative expenses       80,163       76,459  

 

B. Leased property, plant and equipment

 

The Company leased the building during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. As of December 31, 2024, Korean Won 150,596 thousand of right-of-use assets was recognized (December 31, 2023: Korean Won 202,562 thousand of building).

 

35

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

16. Financial instruments by category

 

The carrying amounts of financial instruments by category as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Financial assets at amortized cost                    
Cash and cash equivalents       344,537       659,606  
Accounts receivable         18,449       30  
Other non-current financial assets         431,827       385,494  
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss                    
Long-term investment securities         71,941       93,219  
Total       866,754       1,138,349  

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Financial liabilities at amortized cost                    
Trade and other payables (*)       19,112       19,119  
Current portion of long-term borrowings, net         -       100,000  
Total       19,112       119,119  

 

 
(*) Trade and other payables that are not financial liabilities are excluded.

 

36

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

A. Classification of investment assets based on liquidity

 

The classification of investment assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Non-Current investments                    
Equity securities – at FVTPL       71,941       93,219  

 

 
(*) Short-term financial instruments are consisted of time deposits.

 

B. Equity Securities as at FVTPL

 

The Company designated the investments shown below as equity securities at FVTPL because these equity securities represent investment that the Company intends to sell for strategic purposes.

 

       

Fair value at

December 31,
2024

   

Fair value at

December 31,
2023

 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Equity Securities (listed stocks)       71,941       93,219  

 

37

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

C. Net gains and losses by category of financial instruments

 

The net gains and losses by category of financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024  
        Financial assets at
amortized cost
    Financial assets at fair
value through profit or loss
    Total  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Interest income       46,885       -       46,885  
Gain or loss on foreign currency transactions         253       -       253  
Gain or loss on valuation of long-term investment securities         -       (20,017 )     (20,017 )
Dividend income         -       1,256       1,256  
Total       47,138       (18,761 )     28,377  

 

        2023  
        Financial assets at
amortized cost
    Financial assets at fair
value through profit or loss
    Total  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Interest income       65,979       -       65,979  
Gain or loss on foreign currency transactions         (93 )     -       (93 )
Gain or loss on valuation of long-term investment securities         -       19,576       19,576  
Dividend income         -       1,121       1,121  
Total       65,886       20,697       86,583  

 

38

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

17. Capital and reserves

 

A. Share capital and share premium

 

Details of share capital and share premium as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In Korean won and number of shares)  
Number of authorized shares         40,000       40,000  
Value per share       1,000       1,000  
Number of shares issued         10,000       10,000  
Common shares       10,000,000       10,000,000  

 

B. Other components of equity

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In Korean won and number of shares)  
Remeasurements of defined benefit liability       (51,945 )     (81,522 )

 

18. Capital management

 

The Company’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base so as to maintain investor, creditor and market confidence and to sustain future development of the business. The Company monitors capital using a ratio of ‘net debt’ to ‘total equity’. Net debt is calculated as total liabilities (as shown in the statement of financial position) less cash and cash equivalents. The Company’s net debt to adjusted equity ratio as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows.

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In Korean won and number of shares)  
Total liabilities       263,489       392,278  
Less: Cash and cash equivalents         (344,537 )     (659,606 )
Net debt       (81,048 )     (267,328 )
Total equity         826,387       1,103,685  
Net debt to total equity ratio         -       -  

 

39

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

19. Borrowings

 

Borrowings as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Current Liabilities                    
Current portion of long-term borrowings, net       -       100,000  
Total         -       100,000  

 

A. Terms and repayment schedule

 

The terms and conditions of outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

                        December 31, 2024     December 31, 2023  
                        (In thousands of Korean won)  
    Currency    

Nominal

interest rate

    Maturity       Face value     Carrying amount     Face value     Carrying amount  
Unsecured borrowings   KRW     -     30-Sep-24         -       -       100,000       100,000  

 

40

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

20. Trade and other payables

 

Trade and other payables as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Other payable       19,112       19,119  

 

21. Financial Instruments – Fair values and risk management

 

A. Accounting classifications and fair values

 

The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities, including their levels in the fair value hierarchy. It does not include fair value information for financial assets and financial liabilities not measured at fair value if the carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value.

 

The carrying amounts of financial instruments by category as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

As of December 31, 2024       Fair value     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Financial assets at fair value                                            
Long-term investment securities       71,941       71,941       -       -       71,941  

 

As of December 31, 2023       Fair value     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Financial assets at fair value                                            
Long-term investment securities       93,219       93,219       -       -       93,219  

 

41

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

B. Measurement of fair values

 

Fair values are categorized into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

 

Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical asset or liability.

 

Level 2: all inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable (either directly that is, prices, or indirectly that is, derived from prices) for the asset or liability.

 

Level 3: unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

 

The fair value of financial instruments traded in an active market is determined based on the quoted market price as of the end of the reporting period. If the quoted prices are readily and regularly available through exchanges, sellers, brokers, industry groups, rating agencies or regulators and such prices represent actual market transactions that occur regularly between independent parties, they are considered active markets.

 

The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuation techniques. These valuation techniques use as much market observable information as possible and use the least amount of Company-specific information. At this time, if all the significant input variables required to measure the fair value are observable, the financial instruments are classified as Level 2.

 

If more than one significant input variable is not based on observable market information, the item is included in Level 3.

 

The valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of a financial instrument include:

 

Market price or dealer price of a similar financial instrument

 

The fair value of derivative instruments is determined by discounting the amount to present value using the leading exchange rate as of the end of the reporting period.

 

C. Financial risk management

 

The Company’s operating activities expose itself to a variety of financial risks: market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk from which the Company’s risk management program focuses on minimizing any adverse effects on its financial performance. The Company operates financial risk management policies and programs that closely monitor and respond to each risk factor.

 

i. Credit risk

 

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterpart to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations and arises principally from the Company’s receivables from customers. In order to manage credit risk, the Company regularly evaluate the credit worthiness of each customer or counterparty considering the party’s financial information, past experience, its own trading records and other factors. In relation to the impairment of financial assets subsequent to initial recognition, the Company recognizes the changes in expected credit loss(“ECL”) in profit or loss at each reporting date. The carrying amount of a financial asset represents the maximum exposure to credit risk.

 

42

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

The maximum exposure to credit risk of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Cash and cash equivalents       344,537       659,606  
Accounts receivable, net         18,449       30  
Other non-current financial assets         431,827       385,494  
Total       794,813       1,045,130  

 

Cash and cash equivalents and short-term financial instruments are deposited in financial institutions with strong credit rating.

 

The Company’s exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of each customer. The Company has established a credit policy under which each new customer is analyzed individually before the Company’s standard payment and delivery terms and conditions are offered. The Company’s review includes external ratings, if they are available, financial statements, credit agency information, industry information and in some cases bank references.

 

The Company monitors customer credit risk, customers are grouped according to their credit characteristics, including whether they are an individual or a legal entity, their geographic location, industry, trading history with the Company and existence of previous financial difficulties. The Company does not require collateral in respect of trade and other receivables.

 

Expected credit losses (ECLs) and credit risk exposures for Accounts receivable as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

Accounts receivable — trade

 

As of December 31, 2024  

Expected

loss rate

       

Carrying

amount

   

Loss

allowance

 
              (In thousands of Korean won)  
Not due or overdue less than 90 days     0.00 %       18,449       -  
More than 1 year     100.00 %         -       -  
Total               18,449       -  

 

Other receivables

 

As of December 31, 2024  

Expected

loss rate

       

Carrying

amount

   

Loss

allowance

 
              (In thousands of Korean won)  
Not due or overdue less than 90 days     0.00 %       431,827       -  
More than 1 year     100.00 %         -       -  
Total               431,827       -  

 

As of December 31, 2023  

Expected

loss rate

       

Carrying

amount

   

Loss

allowance

 
              (In thousands of Korean won)  
Not due or overdue less than 90 days     0.00 %       385,524       -  
More than 1 year     100.00 %         -       -  
Total               385,524       -  

 

43

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

ii. Liquidity risk

 

Liquidity risk management includes the maintenance of sufficient cash and marketable securities, the availability of funds from appropriately committed credit lines, and the ability to settle market positions. Financial liabilities of the Company by maturity according to the remaining period from December 31, 2024 to the contractual maturity date are as follows:

 

        December 31, 2024  
       

Carrying

Amount

   

Less than

3 months

   

3 months

~ 1 year

    1~2 years     2~5 years    

More than

5 years

    Total  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Non-derivative financial liabilities                                                            
Other payable (*)       19,112       19,112       -       -       -       -       19,112  

 

 
(*) Other payable excludes non-financial liabilities.

 

Financial liabilities of the Company by maturity according to the remaining period from December 31, 2023 to the contractual maturity date are as follows:

 

        December 31, 2023  
       

Carrying

Amount

   

Less than

3 months

   

3 months

~ 1 year

    1~2 years     2~5 years    

More than

5 years

    Total  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Non-derivative financial liabilities                                                            
Other payable (*)       19,119       19,119       -       -       -       -       19,119  
Current portion of long-term borrowings, net         100,000       -       100,000       -       -       -       100,000  
Total       119,119       19,119       100,000       -       -       -       119,119  

 

 
(*) Other payable excludes non-financial liabilities.

 

44

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

iii. Market risk

 

(a) Foreign exchange risk

 

The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from cash equivalents primarily with respect to the US Dollar. Financial assets are exposed to foreign currency risk as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

    December 31, 2024
    (In U.S. Dollars)       (In thousands of Korean won)
    Assets in U.S. Dollars     Liabilities in U.S. Dollars       Assets in Korean Won     Liabilities in Korean Won  
$     4.69       -       7       -  

 

    December 31, 2023
    (In U.S. Dollars)       (In thousands of Korean won)
    Assets in U.S. Dollars     Liabilities in U.S. Dollars       Assets in Korean Won     Liabilities in Korean Won  
$     10,616       -       13,689       -  

 

The Company measures foreign exchange risk as a 10% fluctuation in the exchange rate of each foreign currency, which reflects the management’s assessment of the risk of exchange rate fluctuation that can be reasonably occur. The impact of a 10% fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates on the Company’s profit or loss (before income tax effects) for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

    2024     2023  
    Increased by 10%     Decreased by 10%     Decreased by 10%     Decreased by 10%  
    (In thousands of Korean won)  
USD     1       (1 )     1,369       (1,369 )

 

The sensitivity analysis is based on monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies other than the functional currency as of the end of the reporting period.

 

45

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

(b) Price risk

 

The Company’s marketable available-for-sale equity securities are susceptible to market price risk arising from the fluctuation in the price of the securities. The following table demonstrates the sensitivity analysis of a 10% change in the price of marketable equity securities on the Company’s statements of comprehensive income (before income tax effects) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

 

        December 31, 2024     December 31, 2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
        Increased by 10%     Decreased by 10%     Increased by 10%     Decreased by 10%  
Gain (loss) on valuation of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss       7,194       (7,194 )     9,322       (9,322 )

 

22. Leases

 

A. Leases as lessee

 

The Company leases building. The leases typically run for a period of 5 years with an option to renew or terminate the lease after that date.

 

Information about leases for which the Company is a lessee is presented below.

 

i. Right-of-use assets

 

Right-of-use assets related to leased properties that do not meet the definition of investment property are presented as property, plant and equipment.

 

Details of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities recognized in the statements of financial position as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Right-of-use assets (Building)                    
Acquisition price       259,838       259,838  
Accumulated depreciation         (109,242 )     (57,276 )
Net book value       150,596       202,562  

 

46

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

Changes in right-of-use assets for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Beginning balance       202,562       254,529  
Depreciation         (51,966 )     (51,967 )
Ending balance       150,596       202,562  

 

ii. Extension options

 

Some property leases contain extension options exercisable by the Company. Where practicable, the Company seeks to include extension options in new leases to provide operational flexibility. The extension options held are exercisable only by the Company and not by the lessors. The Company assesses at the lease commencement date whether it is reasonably certain to exercise the extension options. The Company reassesses whether it is reasonably certain to exercise the options if there is a significant event or significant changes in circumstances within its control.

 

47

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

23. Statement of Cash flows

 

Adjustments for income and expenses from operating activities for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Depreciation       80,163       76,459  
Impairment of prepayment         30,000       -  
Gains on valuation of long-term investment securities         (3,750 )     (20,739 )
Losses on valuation of long-term investment securities         23,767       1,163  
Gains on foreign currency translation         (428 )     (13 )
Interest income         (46,885 )     (65,979 )
Severance benefits         20,595       14,217  
Dividend income         (1,256 )     (1,121 )
Tax benefit (expenses)         7,576       (14,612 )
Total       109,782       (10,625 )

 

Changes in assets and liabilities from operating activities for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Other current non-financial liabilities       (17,113 )     115,433  
Other current assets         (84 )     26,724  
Trade and other payables         (7 )     (959 )
Accounts receivable         (18,449 )     213,419  
Value added tax payable         1,267       -  
Value added tax receivable         385       6,806  
Contract liabilities         -       (90,000 )
Total       (34,001 )     271,423  

 

Significant non-cash transactions for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Reclassification of long-term borrowings       -       100,000  

 

48

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

The movements of liabilities to cash flows arising from financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        Current portion of
long-term
borrowings, net
    Long-term
borrowings,
excluding current
portion, net
    Total  
Balance at 1 January 2023       82,900       100,000       182,900  
Changes from financing cash flows                            
Repayment of borrowings         (82,900 )     -       (82,900 )
Reclassification         100,000       (100,000 )     -  
Total       17,100       (100,000 )     (82,900 )
Balance at 31 December 2023       100,000       -       100,000  
Balance at 1 January 2024         100,000       -       100,000  
Changes from financing cash flows                            
Repayment of borrowings         (100,000 )     -       (100,000 )
Total       (100,000 )     -       (100,000 )
Balance at 31 December 2024       -       -       -  

 

49

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

24. Related parties

 

A. List of related parties

 

List of related parties as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

Relationship   Entity
Key management personnel   Jung, Byung Shik
Key management personnel   Jung, Byung Gil
Other related parties   Jung, Moon Young
Other related parties   Dominico Inc.

 

B. Transactions with related parties

 

Details of transaction with related parties for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

            2024     2023  
Related party   Name       Interest income     Interest income  
            (In thousands of Korean won)  
Other related parties   Jung, Moon Young       46,334       41,362  

 

C. Account balances with related parties

 

The balances of receivables and payables to related parties as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

            December 31, 2024     December 31, 2023  
Related party   Name of entity       Receivables    

Other current

non-financial

liabilities

(*1)

Receivables     Borrowings    

Other current

non-financial

liabilities

(*1)

            (In thousands of Korean won)  

Key management personnel

Jung, Byung Gil       -       70,000       -       100,000       83,905  

Key management personnel

Jung, Byung Shik         -       45,000       -       -       45,000  
Other related parties  

Jung, Moon Young (*2)

      600,000       -       600,000       -       -  
Total       600,000       115,000       600,000       100,000       128,905  

 

 
(*1) The company has entered into a service contract with the key management personnels and an unrelated film production company for the provision of services. Pursuant to this agreement, the key management personnels undertakes the provision of services while the Company acts in the capacity of an agency. The company received the service contract amount from an unrelated film production company in the previous year and paid 13,905 thousand Korean won to the key management during the current period. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the outstanding amount payable to the key management personnels is related to this contract. In connection with this contract, the Company has neither recognized revenue from the received amount nor incurred expenses.
(*2) This is the amount excluding the present value discount of 168,173 in thousands of Korean won (prior year: 214,506 in thousands of Korean won) for the lease deposit.

 

50

 

 

APEITDA CO., LTD.

 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

D. Financial transactions with related parties

 

Details of significant financial transactions with related parties for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

            2024     2023  
Related party   Name       Repayment of borrowings     Repayment of borrowings  
            (In thousands of Korean won)  
Key management personnel   Jung, Byung Gil       100,000       82,900  
Total       100,000       82,900  

 

E. Key management personnel compensation

 

The compensation for the key management personnel for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

        2024     2023  
        (In thousands of Korean won)  
Short-term employee benefits       124,800       111,300  
Post-employment benefits         20,595       13,685  
Total       145,395       124,985  

 

Compensation of the Company’s key management personnel includes salaries, non-cash benefits and contributions to a defined benefit plan.

 

25. Commitments

 

On September 14, 2023, an amendment was made to the equity interest exchange agreement, originally entered into on April 9, 2023, between the CEO, who is the dominant shareholder of the Company, and K Enter Holdings, Inc. for the purpose of listing on the NASDAQ through a merger with a SPAC company. The equity interest exchange agreement is effective on the date designated by K Enter Holdings, Inc. Upon the approval, the CEO of the Company will exchange 5,100 shares with the equity interest of K Enter Holdings, Inc. Following the equity interest exchange transaction, the Company is expected to be a subsidiary of K Enter Holdings, Inc.

 

26. Subsequent event

 

On January 2, 2025, K Enter Holdings Inc. completed the acquisition of a controlling interest in six Korean entities, including Apeitda Co., Ltd., through a share exchange. Upon the approval, the CEO of the Company exchanged 5,100 shares with the equity interest of K Enter Holdings, Inc. Following the equity interest exchange transaction, the Company become a subsidiary of K Enter Holdings, Inc.

 

51