Our amortizable intangible assets primarily consist of customer relationships acquired pursuant to business combinations and represent the value of the business relationship with those customers.


	As of March 31, 2025						As of December 31, 2024
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Estimated Useful Lives
Customer relationships	$	6,089,105	$	(5,210,557)	$	878,548	$	6,089,050	$	(5,137,180)	$	951,870	1 to 18 years
Trade names	1,010,000		(1,010,000)		—		1,010,000		(1,010,000)		—		4 to 7 years
Other amortizable intangibles	52,440		(43,667)		8,773		51,909		(42,974)		8,935		1 to 15 years
	$	7,151,545	$	(6,264,224)	$	887,321	$	7,150,959	$	(6,190,154)	$	960,805

Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 aggregated $74,070 and $84,024, respectively.

Goodwill and the value of indefinite-lived cable franchises acquired in business combinations are not amortized. Rather, such assets are tested for impairment annually as of October 1, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the assets may be impaired. The carrying amount of indefinite-lived cable franchise rights was $13,211,308 and goodwill was $8,041,217 as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.