v3.25.1
LHI and ACL
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Receivables [Abstract]  
LHI and ACL LHI and ACL
LHI in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are summarized as follows:
 March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
LHI, carried at amortized cost:
Real estate:        
Construction and land$1,214,260 $1,303,711 
Farmland31,339 31,690 
1 - 4 family residential1,021,293 957,341 
Multi-family residential782,412 750,218 
OOCRE795,808 780,003 
NOOCRE2,266,526 2,382,499 
Commercial
2,717,037 2,693,538 
MW571,775 605,411 
Consumer8,597 9,115 
$9,409,047 $9,513,526 
Deferred loan fees, net(8,600)(8,982)
ACL(111,773)(111,745)
Total LHI, net$9,288,674 $9,392,799 
Included in the total LHI, net, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was an accretable discount related to purchased performing and PCD loans acquired in the approximate amounts of $3,133 and $3,870, respectively. The discount is being accreted into income on a level-yield basis over the life of the loans. In addition, included in the net loan portfolio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is a discount on retained loans from sale of originated SBA and USDA loans of $9,307 and $7,851, respectively.
ACL
The Company’s estimate of the ACL reflects losses expected over the remaining contractual life of the assets. The activity in the ACL related to LHI is as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Construction and landFarmlandResidentialMultifamilyOOCRENOOCRECommercialMWConsumerTotal
Balance at beginning of the period$15,457 $97 $15,639 $4,849 $17,546 $39,968 $17,654 $321 $214 $111,745 
Credit loss expense (benefit) non-PCD loans3,962 3 1,167 105 256 (1,387)(32)50 (101)4,023 
Credit loss (benefit) expense PCD loans— — (4)— (11)— (8)— — (23)
Charge-offs— — — — — (3,090)(918)— (212)(4,220)
Recoveries— — 21 — — — 32 — 195 248 
Ending Balance$19,419 $100 $16,823 $4,954 $17,791 $35,491 $16,728 $371 $96 $111,773 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Construction and landFarmlandResidentialMultifamilyOOCRENOOCRECommercialMWConsumerTotal
Balance at beginning of the period$21,032 $101 $9,539 $4,882 $10,252 $27,729 $35,886 $260 $135 $109,816 
Credit loss (benefit) expense non-PCD loans(1,251)6 1,978 1,457 47 11,653 (2,136)144 42 11,940 
Credit loss (benefit) expense PCD loans— — (2)— (377)(3,952)(109)— — (4,440)
Charge-offs— — — — (120)(4,293)(946)— (71)(5,430)
Recoveries— — 1 — — — 96 — 49 146 
Ending Balance$19,781 $107 $11,516 $6,339 $9,802 $31,137 $32,791 $404 $155 $112,032 

A loan is considered collateral-dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, and the related ACL allocated to these loans:
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
 Real PropertyACL AllocationReal PropertyACL Allocation
OOCRE$— $— $1,925 $84 
NOOCRE5,659 565 — — 
Commercial1,976 655 2,873 532 
Total$7,635 $1,220 $4,798 $616 
Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement. Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, as well as when required by regulatory provisions. Loans may be placed on nonaccrual status regardless of whether or not such loans are considered past due. When the accrual of interest is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received in excess of principal due. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.
Nonaccrual loans aggregated by class of loans, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, were as follows:
 March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
NonaccrualNonaccrual With No ACLNonaccrualNonaccrual With No ACL
Construction and land$6,373 $6,373 $6,373 $6,373 
1 - 4 family residential1,393 1,393 1,562 1,562 
OOCRE8,853 6,928 8,887 6,962 
NOOCRE29,607 23,949 10,967 5,309 
Commercial23,110 8,458 24,680 8,935 
Consumer48 48 52 52 
Total$69,384 $47,149 $52,521 $29,193 
    During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, interest income not recognized on non-accrual loans was $985 and $781, respectively.
An age analysis of past due loans, aggregated by class of loans and including past due nonaccrual loans, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, is as follows:
 March 31, 2025
 30 to 59 Days60 to 89 Days90 Days or GreaterTotal Past DueTotal CurrentTotal
Loans		Total 90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing
Real estate:                            
    Construction and land$— $— $6,373 $6,373 $1,207,887 $1,214,260 $— 
    Farmland— — — — 31,339 31,339 — 
    1 - 4 family residential3,596 1,329 3,855 8,780 1,012,513 1,021,293 3,198 
    Multi-family residential556 — — 556 781,856 782,412 — 
    OOCRE58 — 7,846 7,904 787,904 795,808 26 
    NOOCRE— 1,607 18,085 19,692 2,246,834 2,266,526 — 
Commercial467 12,762 6,331 19,560 2,697,477 2,717,037 25 
MW— — — — 571,775 571,775 — 
Consumer38 41 34 113 8,484 8,597 — 
Total$4,715 $15,739 $42,524 $62,978 $9,346,069 $9,409,047 $3,249 
 December 31, 2024
 30 to 59 Days60 to 89 Days90 Days or GreaterTotal Past DueTotal CurrentTotal
Loans		Total 90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing
Real estate:                            
Construction and land$— $— $6,373 $6,373 $1,297,338 $1,303,711 $— 
Farmland— — — — 31,690 31,690 — 
1 - 4 family residential991 1,036 2,832 4,859 952,482 957,341 1,865 
Multi-family residential— — — — 750,218 750,218 — 
OOCRE9,571 874 8,887 19,332 760,671 780,003 — 
NOOCRE14,329 1,615 9,024 24,968 2,357,531 2,382,499 — 
Commercial785 1,976 5,595 8,356 2,685,182 2,693,538 49 
MW— — — — 605,411 605,411 — 
Consumer55 6 36 97 9,018 9,115 — 
Total$25,731 $5,507 $32,747 $63,985 $9,449,541 $9,513,526 $1,914 

Loans 90 days past due and still accruing interest are considered well-secured and in the process of collection as of the reporting date with plans in place for the borrowers to bring the notes fully current. The Company believes that it will collect all principal and interest due on each of the loans 90 days past due and still accruing.
Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty
Occasionally, the Company modifies loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by providing certain concessions, such as principal forgiveness, term extension, payment deferral, interest rate reduction, or a combination of such concessions. An assessment of whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of a modification. Because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the ACL (due to the measurement methodologies used to estimate the allowance), a change to the ACL is generally not recorded upon modification.
The following table shows the amortized cost basis at the end of the reporting period of the loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, disaggregated by class of financing receivable and type of concession granted during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Financial Impact
Payment DeferralCombination of payment deferral, interest rate reduction and/or term extension% of Loan ClassInterest Rate Reduction (in months)Term Extension (in Months)Payment Deferrals (in months)
OOCRE$2,317 $— 0.3%——
> 3 months
NOOCRE— 20,035 0.9%
> 3 months
—
> 3 months
Commercial548 4,631 0.2%—
>3 months
> 3 months
Total$2,865 $24,666 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Financial Impact
Interest Rate ReductionPayment DeferralCombination of payment deferral, interest rate reduction and/or term extension% of Loan ClassInterest Rate Reduction (in months)Term Extension (in Months)Payment Deferrals (in months)
Construction and land$— 2,000 — 0.1%——
> 3 months
NOOCRE28,441 — 45,762 3.1%
> 3 months
—
> 3 months
Commercial— — 6,336 0.2%—
> 3 months
> 3 months
Total$28,441 $2,000 52,098 
The Company closely monitors the performance of the loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table depicts the performance of loans that have been modified in the last 12 months:
March 31, 2025
Payment Status
 Current30-59 Days Past Due60-89 Days Past Due90+ Days Past Due
OOCRE2,317 — — — 
NOOCRE$50,664 $— $— $1,400 
Commercial21,255 — 12,675 — 
Total$74,236 $— $12,675 $1,400 
March 31, 2024
Payment Status
Current30-59 Days Past Due60-89 Days Past Due90+ Days Past Due
Construction and land$— $2,000 $— $— 
NOOCRE84,190 9,343 — — 
Commercial27,764 — — 2,108 
Total$111,954 $11,343 $— $2,108 
The Company has not committed to lend additional material amounts to customers with outstanding loans classified as Troubled Loan Modifications as of March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.
Credit Quality Indicators
    From a credit risk standpoint, the Company classifies its loans in one of the following categories: (i) pass, (ii) special mention, (iii) substandard or (iv) doubtful. Loans classified as loss are charged-off. Loans not rated special mention, substandard, doubtful or loss are classified as pass loans.
    The classifications of loans reflect a judgment about the risks of default and loss associated with the loan. The Company reviews the ratings on criticized credits monthly. Ratings are adjusted to reflect the degree of risk and loss that is felt to be inherent in each credit as of each monthly reporting period. All classified credits are evaluated for impairment. If impairment is determined to exist, a specific reserve is established. The Company’s methodology is structured so that specific reserves are increased in accordance with deterioration in credit quality (and a corresponding increase in risk and loss) or decreased in accordance with improvement in credit quality (and a corresponding decrease in risk and loss).
    Credits rated special mention show clear signs of financial weaknesses or deterioration in credit worthiness, however, such concerns are generally not so pronounced that the Company expects to experience significant loss within the short-term. Such credits typically maintain the ability to perform within standard credit terms and credit exposure is not as prominent as credits with a lower rating.
    Credits rated substandard are those in which the normal repayment of principal and interest may be, or has been, jeopardized by reason of adverse trends or developments of a financial, managerial, economic or political nature, or important weaknesses which exist in collateral. A protracted workout on these credits is a distinct possibility. PCA is therefore required to strengthen the Company’s position, and/or to reduce exposure and to assure that adequate remedial measures are taken by the borrower. Credit exposure becomes more likely in such credits and a serious evaluation of the secondary support to the credit is performed.
    Credits rated doubtful are those in which full collection of principal appears highly questionable, and in which some degree of loss is anticipated, even though the ultimate amount of loss may not yet be certain and/or other factors exist which could affect collection of debt. Based upon available information, positive action by the Company is required to avert or minimize loss. Credits rated doubtful are generally also placed on non-accrual.
    Credits classified as PCD are those that, at acquisition date, have experienced a more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination. All loans considered to be purchased-credit impaired loans prior to January 1, 2020 were converted to PCD loans upon adoption of ASC 326. The Company elected to maintain pools of loans that were previously accounted for under ASC 310-30 and will continue to account for these pools as a unit of account. Loans are only removed from the existing pools if they are foreclosed, written off, paid off, or sold.
The Company considers the guidance in ASC 310-20 when determining whether a modification, extension or renewal of a loan constitutes a current period origination. Generally, current period renewals of credit are re-underwritten at the point of renewal and considered current period originations for purposes of the table below. Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans based on year or origination as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows:
 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year1
 20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
As of March 31, 2025
Construction and land:
Pass$23,689 $178,437 $22,713 $656,320 $36,033 $4,075 $230,630 $— $1,151,897 
Special mention— — — 28,948 — — — — 28,948 
Substandard— — 25,961 6,342 1,081 31 — — 33,415 
Total construction and land$23,689 $178,437 $48,674 $691,610 $37,114 $4,106 $230,630 $— $1,214,260 
Construction and land gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Farmland:
Pass$— $2,430 $2,463 $2,290 $— $21,713 $2,443 $— $31,339 
Total farmland$— $2,430 $2,463 $2,290 $— $21,713 $2,443 $— $31,339 
Farmland gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
1 - 4 family residential:
Pass$31,748 $130,406 $91,936 $238,391 $293,550 $189,515 $39,045 $567 $1,015,158 
Special mention— — 2,667 139 — 68 — — 2,874 
Substandard— — — — 820 923 492 — 2,235 
PCD— — — — — 1,026 — — 1,026 
Total 1 - 4 family residential$31,748 $130,406 $94,603 $238,530 $294,370 $191,532 $39,537 $567 $1,021,293 
1-4 family residential gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Multi-family residential:
Pass$6,903 $49,786 $9,213 $203,472 $360,247 $152,235 $— $— $781,856 
Special mention— — — 556 — — — — 556 
Total multi-family residential$6,903 $49,786 $9,213 $204,028 $360,247 $152,235 $— $— $782,412 
Multi-family residential gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
OOCRE:
Pass$25,288 $100,706 $102,898 $160,429 $94,886 $249,964 $5,947 $— $740,118 
Special mention— — 506 6,611 3,128 3,713 — — 13,958 
Substandard— — 5,299 8,478 6,532 12,346 — — 32,655 
PCD— — — — — 9,077 — — 9,077 
Total OOCRE$25,288 $100,706 $108,703 $175,518 $104,546 $275,100 $5,947 $— $795,808 
OOCRE gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
NOOCRE:
Pass$35,655 $237,675 $56,989 $611,296 $488,667 $680,866 $37,103 $410 $2,148,661 
Special mention— — — 26,442 24,107 15,860 — — 66,409 
Substandard— — — 6,086 3,690 41,332 — — 51,108 
PCD— — — — — 348 — — 348 
Total NOOCRE$35,655 $237,675 $56,989 $643,824 $516,464 $738,406 $37,103 $410 $2,266,526 
NOOCRE gross charge-offs$— $— $— $1,000 $— $2,090 $— $— $3,090 
Commercial:
Pass$43,572 $149,192 $243,701 $264,122 $48,858 $81,910 $1,727,472 $1,667 $2,560,494 
Special mention— 8,333 178 9,774 281 203 30,139 — 48,908 
Substandard— 1,017 4,300 24,823 — 12,343 64,872 — 107,355 
PCD— — — — — 280 — — 280 
Total commercial$43,572 $158,542 $248,179 $298,719 $49,139 $94,736 $1,822,483 $1,667 $2,717,037 
Commercial gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $918 $— $— $918 
MW:
Pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $571,775 $— $571,775 
Total MW$— $— $— $— $— $— $571,775 $— $571,775 
MW gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Consumer:
Pass$685 $1,282 $1,878 $532 $184 $1,511 $2,398 $— $8,470 
Special mention— — — — — 71 — — 71 
Substandard— — — — — 50 — — 50 
PCD— — — — — 6 — — 6 
Total consumer$685 $1,282 $1,878 $532 $184 $1,638 $2,398 $— $8,597 
Consumer gross charge-offs$— $— $6 $— $— $206 $— $— $212 
Total Pass$167,540 $849,914 $531,791 $2,136,852 $1,322,425 $1,381,789 $2,616,813 $2,644 $9,009,768 
Total Special Mention— 8,333 3,351 72,470 27,516 19,915 30,139 — 161,724 
Total Substandard— 1,017 35,560 45,729 12,123 67,025 65,364 — 226,818 
Total PCD— — — — — 10,737 — — 10,737 
Total$167,540 $859,264 $570,702 $2,255,051 $1,362,064 $1,479,466 $2,712,316 $2,644 $9,409,047 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $6 $1,000 $— $3,214 $— $— $4,220 
1 Term loans amortized cost basis by origination year excludes $8,600 of deferred loan fees, net.
 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year1
 20242023202220212020PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
December 31, 2024
Construction and land:
Pass$144,236 $48,138 $732,933 $103,292 $756 $4,709 $211,546 $465 $1,246,075 
Special mention— — 24,869 — — — — — 24,869 
Substandard— 25,298 6,342 1,096 31 — — — 32,767 
Total construction and land$144,236 $73,436 $764,144 $104,388 $787 $4,709 $211,546 $465 $1,303,711 
Construction and land gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Farmland:
Pass$2,447 $2,479 $2,317 $— $17,452 $4,441 $2,554 $— $31,690 
Total farmland$2,447 $2,479 $2,317 $— $17,452 $4,441 $2,554 $— $31,690 
Farmland gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
1 - 4 family residential:
Pass$91,388 $83,605 $198,960 $343,223 $81,486 $114,086 $33,732 $4,589 $951,069 
Special mention— 2,701 — — — 65 — — 2,766 
Substandard— — 133 831 50 932 516 — 2,462 
PCD— — — — — 1,044 — — 1,044 
Total 1 - 4 family residential$91,388 $86,306 $199,093 $344,054 $81,536 $116,127 $34,248 $4,589 $957,341 
1-4 Family gross charge-offs$— $— $31 $— $— $— $— $— $31 
Multi-family residential:
Pass$48,713 $11,645 $136,014 $366,468 $169,627 $17,180 $— $13 $749,660 
Substandard— — 558 — — — — — 558 
Total multi-family residential$48,713 $11,645 $136,572 $366,468 $169,627 $17,180 $— $13 $750,218 
Multifamily gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $198 $— $— $198 
OOCRE:
Pass$100,969 $106,561 $168,061 $96,427 $73,502 $173,131 $5,554 $11,681 $735,886 
Special mention— 461 4,313 967 953 6,173 — — 12,867 
Substandard— 5,338 — 6,567 4,839 5,140 — — 21,884 
PCD— — — — — 9,366 — — 9,366 
Total OOCRE$100,969 $112,360 $172,374 $103,961 $79,294 $193,810 $5,554 $11,681 $780,003 
OOCRE gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $120 $— $— $120 
NOOCRE:
Pass$238,165 $59,546 $615,542 $517,432 $181,026 $536,196 $54,323 $9,620 $2,211,850 
Special mention— 12,330 8,569 24,523 11,397 20,607 — — 77,426 
Substandard— — 55,714 3,715 303 33,139 — — 92,871 
PCD— — — — — 352 — — 352 
Total NOOCRE$238,165 $71,876 $679,825 $545,670 $192,726 $590,294 $54,323 $9,620 $2,382,499 
NOOCRE gross charge-offs$— $— $3,790 $— $1,323 $6,262 $— $— $11,375 
Commercial:
Pass$533,306 $259,973 $282,571 $56,431 $11,124 $58,869 $1,389,257 $3,155 $2,594,686 
Special mention7,894 184 — 316 56 159 26,586 176 35,371 
Substandard1,087 4,285 25,025 — 469 13,068 19,244 — 63,178 
PCD— — — — — 303 — — 303 
Total commercial$542,287 $264,442 $307,596 $56,747 $11,649 $72,399 $1,435,087 $3,331 $2,693,538 
Commercial gross charge-offs$— $217 $4,943 $2,285 $— $5,947 $— $— $13,392 
MW:
Pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $605,411 $— $605,411 
Total MW$— $— $— $— $— $— $605,411 $— $605,411 
MW gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Consumer:
Pass$2,365 $2,058 $613 $202 $368 $1,300 $2,069 $— $8,975 
Special mention— — — — — 74 — — 74 
Substandard— — — — 3 55 — — 58 
PCD— — — — — 8 — — 8 
Total consumer$2,365 $2,058 $613 $202 $371 $1,437 $2,069 $— $9,115 
Consumer gross charge-offs$420 $— $— $— $— $155 $— $— $575 
Total Pass$1,161,589 $574,005 $2,137,011 $1,483,475 $535,341 $909,912 $2,304,446 $29,523 $9,135,302 
Total Special Mention7,894 15,676 37,751 25,806 12,406 27,078 26,586 176 153,373 
Total Substandard1,087 34,921 87,772 12,209 5,695 52,334 19,760 — 213,778 
Total PCD— — — — — 11,073 — — 11,073 
Total$1,170,570 $624,602 $2,262,534 $1,521,490 $553,442 $1,000,397 $2,350,792 $29,699 $9,513,526 
Current year gross charge-offs$420 $217 $8,764 $2,285 $1,323 $12,682 $— $— $25,691 
1 Term loans amortized cost basis by origination year excludes $8,982 of deferred loan fees, net.
Servicing Assets
The Company was servicing loans of approximately $549,493 and $586,583 as of March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. A summary of the changes in the related servicing assets are as follows:
 Three Months Ended March 31,
 20252024
Balance at beginning of period$9,921 $13,258 
Increase from loan sales2,658 635 
Servicing asset recoveries140 222 
Amortization charged as a reduction to income(1,051)(1,493)
Balance at end of period$11,668 $12,622 
Fair value of servicing assets is estimated by discounting estimated future cash flows from the servicing assets using discount rates that approximate current market rates over the expected lives of the loans being serviced. A valuation allowance is recorded when the fair value is below the carrying amount of the asset. As of March 31, 2025 and 2024 there was a valuation allowance of $1,064 and $1,310, respectively.
The following table reflects principal sold and related gain for SBA and USDA LHI. The gain on sale of these loans is recorded in government guaranteed loan income, net, in the Company’s consolidated statements of income.
Three Months Ended March 31,
20252024
SBA LHI principal sold$10,377 $13,233 
Gain on sale of SBA LHI857 1,176 
USDA LHI principal sold9,864 — 
Gain on sale of USDA LHI1,200 — 
LHFS
The following table reflects LHFS as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
SBA/USDA construction and land$18,788 $21,629 
1 - 4 family residential1,268 905 
SBA/USDA OOCRE33,352 36,437 
SBA NOOCRE— 5,028 
SBA/USDA commercial15,828 25,310 
Total LHFS$69,236 $89,309