NOTE 3 – REVENUE RECOGNITION

We recognize revenue when we transfer control of promised goods or services to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. We generally recognize our revenue when products are shipped or delivered to our customers, and payment is due from our customers at the time of billing with a majority of our customers having 30-day terms. We estimate and record returns as a reduction of revenue. Amounts received in advance of shipment are deferred and recognized when the performance obligations are satisfied. Sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and, therefore, we exclude these taxes from sales in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. In some cases, particularly with third party pipe shipments, we consider shipping and handling costs to be separate performance obligations, and as such, we record the revenue and cost of sales when the performance obligation is fulfilled. While a small proportion of our sales, we occasionally recognize revenue under a bill and hold arrangement. Recognition of revenue on bill and hold arrangements occurs when control transfers to the customer provided that the reason for the bill and hold arrangement is substantive, and the product is separately identified as belonging to the customer, ready for physical transfer and unavailable to be used or directed to another customer. Cost of sales includes the cost of inventory sold and related items, such as vendor rebates, inventory allowances and reserves and shipping and handling costs associated with inbound and outbound freight, as well as depreciation and amortization of intangible assets.

Our contracts with customers ordinarily involve performance obligations that are one year or less. Therefore, we have applied the optional exemption that permits the omission of information about our unfulfilled performance obligations as of the balance sheet dates.

Contract Balances: Variations in the timing of revenue recognition, invoicing and receipt of payment result in categories of assets and liabilities that include invoiced accounts receivable, uninvoiced accounts receivable, contract assets and deferred revenue (contract liabilities) on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Generally, revenue recognition and invoicing occur simultaneously as we transfer control of promised goods or services to our customers. We consider contract assets to be accounts receivable when we have an unconditional right to consideration, and only the passage of time is required before payment is due. In certain cases, particularly those involving customer-specific documentation requirements, invoicing is delayed until we are able to meet the documentation requirements. In these cases, we recognize a contract asset separate from accounts receivable until those requirements are met, and we are able to invoice the customer. Our contract asset balance associated with these requirements as of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, was $24 million and $18 million, respectively. These contract asset balances are included within accounts receivable in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

We record contract liabilities, or deferred revenue, when cash payments are received from customers in advance of our performance, including amounts which are refundable. The deferred revenue balance at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $23 million and $16 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we recognized $6 million of the revenue that was deferred as of December 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized $3 million of the revenue that was deferred as of December 31, 2023. Deferred revenue balances are included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Disaggregated Revenue: Our disaggregated revenue represents our business of selling PVF to energy and industrial end users across each of the Gas Utilities, DIET, and PTI sectors in each of our reportable segments. Each of our end markets and geographical reportable segments are impacted and influenced by varying factors, including macroeconomic environment, commodity prices, maintenance and capital spending and exploration and production activity. As such, we believe that this information is important in depicting the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue from contracts with customers.

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by revenue source (in millions):

Allowance for Credit Losses: We estimate the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses on receivables based upon periodic evaluation of accounts that  may have a higher credit risk using information available about the customer, current economic conditions, volume, growth and composition of the account, and other factors such as financial statements, news reports and published credit ratings. The amount of the allowance for the remainder of the trade balance is not evaluated individually but is based upon historical loss experience. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the allowance for credit losses totaled $3 million.