v3.25.1
Related Party Transactions
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions Related Party Transactions 
In the normal course of business, we enter into transactions with our equity method investments (tax equity investments, Sirius XM Canada and SoundCloud) which are considered related party transactions. Our Former Parent was a related party prior to 2025.
Tax Equity Investments
During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we made tax-efficient investments of $49 and $179, respectively, in clean energy technology projects. Effective January 1, 2024, we adopted ASU 2023-02 using the modified retrospective approach and now account for these investments under the proportional amortization method. As of March 31, 2025, the unamortized investment balance of these investments totaled $858 and was reported within Equity method investments in our unaudited consolidated balance sheets. Under the proportional amortization method, the investment balance is amortized over the term of the investments in proportion to the current period income tax benefits relative to the total expected income tax benefits. Additionally, we recorded liabilities of $696 related to future contractual and contingent
payments which we determined to be probable. Of this amount, $93 is presented in Related party current liabilities with the balance included in Other long-term liabilities in our unaudited consolidated balance sheets.

Sirius XM Canada
Sirius XM holds a 70% equity interest and 33% voting interest in Sirius XM Canada, a privately held corporation. We own 591 shares of preferred stock of Sirius XM Canada, which has a liquidation preference of one Canadian dollar per share.
Sirius XM Canada is accounted for as an equity method investment, and its results are not consolidated in our unaudited consolidated financial statements. Sirius XM Canada does not meet the requirements for consolidation as we do not have the ability to direct the most significant activities that impact Sirius XM Canada's economic performance.
On March 15, 2022, Sirius XM and Sirius XM Canada entered into an amended and restated services and distribution agreement. Pursuant to the amended and restated services and distribution agreement, the fee payable by Sirius XM Canada to Sirius XM was modified from a fixed percentage of revenue to a variable fee, based on a target operating profit for Sirius XM Canada. Such variable fee is expected to be evaluated annually based on comparable companies. In accordance with the amended and restated services and distribution agreement, the fee is payable on a monthly basis, in arrears, beginning January 1, 2022.
Our Equity method investments as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 included the carrying value of our investment balance in Sirius XM Canada of $93 and $89, respectively, and, as of each of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, also included $7 for the long-term value of the outstanding loan to Sirius XM Canada.
We recorded revenue from Sirius XM Canada as Other revenue in our unaudited consolidated statements of operations of $22 and $24 during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

SoundCloud
In February 2020, we completed a $75 investment in Series G Membership Units of SoundCloud. The Series G Units are convertible at the option of the holders at any time into shares of ordinary membership units of SoundCloud at a ratio of one ordinary membership unit for each Series G Unit. The investment in SoundCloud is accounted for as an equity method investment as we do not have the ability to direct the most significant activities that impact SoundCloud's economic performance.
Our investment in SoundCloud is recorded in Equity method investments in our unaudited consolidated balance sheets. Sirius XM has appointed two individuals to serve on SoundCloud's ten-member board of managers.
In addition to our investment in SoundCloud, Pandora has an agreement with SoundCloud to be its exclusive ad sales representative in the U.S. and certain European countries. Through this arrangement, Pandora offers advertisers the ability to execute campaigns across the Pandora and SoundCloud platforms. We recorded revenue share expense related to this agreement of $13 and $15 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We also had related party liabilities of $18 and $20 as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, related to this agreement.
Former Parent
One director of Liberty Media serves on our board of directors, and Liberty Media was a related party prior to 2025. Sirius XM Holdings Inc. is the product of a series of transactions that closed on Monday, September 9, 2024 with its Former Parent. Refer to Note 1 for additional information regarding the Transactions. In connection with the Transactions, we entered into several agreements with Liberty Media and its subsidiaries, including a Reorganization Agreement, an Agreement and Plan of Merger and a new Tax Sharing Agreement. Refer to Note 15 for more information regarding the Tax Sharing Agreement.