10. | Intangible assets, net |
| | December 31, | | | | 2024 | | | 2023 | | | | RMB’000 | | | RMB’000 | | | | | | | | | Amortizable intangible assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Gross carrying amount | | | | | | | Patents | | | 4,150 | | | | 4,150 | | Others | | | 165 | | | | 165 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,315 | | | | 4,315 | | | | | | | | | | | Less: Accumulated amortization | | | (2,787 | ) | | | (2,552 | ) | | | | | | | | | | Net carrying amount | | | 1,528 | | | | 1,763 | |
| | Year ended December 31, | | | | 2024 | | | 2023 | | | 2022 | | | | RMB’000 | | | RMB’000 | | | RMB’000 | | | | | | | | | | | | Amortization expense | | | 235 | | | | 246 | | | | 257 | |
At December 31, 2024, estimated future intangible assets amortization expense for each of the next five years and thereafter was as follows: | | Future amortization expense | | | | RMB’000 | | | | | | 2025 | | | 235 | | 2026 | | | 235 | | 2027 | | | 235 | | 2028 | | | 235 | | 2029 | | | 235 | | Thereafter | | | 353 | | | | | | | Total | | | 1,528 | |
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