Below summarizes the list of the major subsidiaries consolidated as
of December 31, 2024:
| Name | | Incorporation
date | | Ownership | | | Place of
incorporation | | Principle activities | | Aptorum Therapeutics Limited (“ATL”) | | June 30, 2016 | | | 100 | % | | Cayman Islands | | Research and development of life science and biopharmaceutical products | | APTUS MANAGEMENT LIMITED | | May 16, 2017 | | | 100 | % | | Hong Kong | | Provision of management services to its holding company and fellow subsidiaries | | Paths Innovations Limited | | April 15, 2019 | | | 100 | % | | Cayman Islands | | Investment holding company | | Paths Diagnostics Pte. Limited | | June 5, 2019 | | | 75 | % | | Singapore | | Research and development of life science and biopharmaceutical products | | Acticule Life Sciences Limited | | June 30, 2017 | | | 80 | % | | Cayman Islands | | Research and development of life science and biopharmaceutical products |
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